2,493 results
Search Results
202. From "sunny ways" to "dark days": the 2019 Canadian Federal Election suggests that Canada is not a positive outlier to populist politics but gripped by feelings of declinism.
- Author
-
Nanos, Nik
- Subjects
PRACTICAL politics ,EMOTIONS ,ECONOMIC research ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Foreign Policy Journal (CFPJ) is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
203. Canada, the America First agenda, and the western security community.
- Author
-
Payne, Rodger A.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations theory ,CHANGE theory ,INTERNATIONAL organization ,NATIONAL security ,SOCIAL cohesion ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Foreign Policy Journal (CFPJ) is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
204. Teaching Indigenous Literatures for Decolonization: Challenging Learning, Learning to Challenge.
- Author
-
Hanson, Aubrey Jean
- Subjects
TEACHING methods ,EDUCATION of indigenous peoples ,LEARNING ,DECOLONIZATION ,CLASSROOM environment ,INDIGENOUS peoples in literature ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Copyright of Alberta Journal of Educational Research is the property of Alberta Journal of Educational Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
205. THE "THREAT" OF MARRIAGE FRAUD: A STORY OF PRECARITY, EXCLUSION, AND BELONGING.
- Author
-
Pringle, Sarah
- Subjects
MARRIAGE law ,IMMIGRATION law ,INTERNATIONAL travel regulations ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,BAD faith (Law) - Abstract
Migrants can obtain permanent residency in Canada under the family-reunification category set out in s. 12(1) of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA). Canadian citizens or permanent residents may apply to sponsor their non-citizen spouse, common law or conjugal partner, or other relatives to move to Canada pursuant to s. 117(1)(a) of the Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations (IRPR). The bad-faith clause under s. 4(1) of the IRPR requires spousal-sponsorship applicants to prove to visa officers that, on a balance of probabilities, their relationship is "genuine" and not "entered into primarily for the purpose of acquiring any status or privilege under the [IRPA]". The bad-faith clause is meant to prevent socalled marriage fraud: the idea that migrants, hoping to take advantage of the family-reunification regime, trick vulnerable Canadians into marriage and then subsequently abandon them once they have obtained citizenship status. Drawing on the work of feminist, antiracist, and anti-colonial scholars, this paper argues that the construction of marriage fraud as a threat to national security rationalizes an increasingly exclusionary spousalsponsorship regime post 9/11. Focusing on this "threat" detracts from the insidious naturalization of the neoliberal, hetero-patriarchal, and white settler-colonial values that animate the exclusionary nature of family class migration--values that pre-date the recent moral panic over marriage fraud. This paper concludes by sounding a cautionary bell: Canadians must be wary of the ongoing reproduction and sedimentation of exclusionary values that give meaning to legal constructions of family because they reinforce and perpetuate experiences of precarity among migrants who live on the underside of global capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
206. Managing Morality and Building "Balance": Depoliticisation as Management in Canada's Federal Response to R. v. Morgentaler.
- Author
-
Vachon, Rebecca
- Subjects
ABORTION policy ,ABORTION - Abstract
Copyright of Governance Review / Revue Gouvernance is the property of University of Ottawa, Center on Governance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
207. Interinstitutional perspectives on contract cheating: a qualitative narrative exploration from Canada.
- Author
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Eaton, Sarah Elaine, Chibry, Nancy, Toye, Margaret A., and Rossi, Silvia
- Subjects
STUDENT cheating ,EDUCATIONAL planning ,EYEWITNESS accounts ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,EDUCATION ethics - Abstract
This paper explores contract cheating from the perspectives of researchers at three post-secondary institutions in Alberta, Canada, describing their efforts to develop and advance awareness of, interventions against, and responses to contract cheating at their respective institutions. Contract cheating is when a third party produces or completes academic work for a student, and the student then presents the work as their own. The student might have personal connections to the third party, or the student might pay a fee and outsource the academic work to the third party. All three institutions are experiencing an increase in the incidence of contract cheating, which is consistent with trends at colleges and universities across Canada and the world. Contract cheating is not a new phenomenon, but it is a growing one, due in part to students having access to thousands of online companies offering to help them with their academic work. This paper examines personal narratives from four researchers and identifies five key themes: types of contract cheating, students, awareness, evidence and policy implications, and educational development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
208. Intellectual Property, Transfer Pricing, and Base Erosion and Profit Shifting.
- Author
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Jones, McShane
- Subjects
INTELLECTUAL property ,TRANSFER pricing ,INCOME tax laws ,TRADEMARKS - Abstract
The author discusses basic concepts of intellectual property as they are understood in Canadian income tax law. The paper aims to provide a backdrop to the base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) initiatives and two-pillar solution that are being implemented in Canadian legislation and that are expected to challenge traditional notions of intellectual property. Specific examples of patents, trademarks, and copyrights are discussed in order to illustrate the challenges. A contrast is also made between traditional transfer-pricing approaches and BEPS concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
209. Canadian and US Public Company Spinoffs.
- Author
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Oldewening, Jeffrey and Bodoh, Devon
- Subjects
CORPORATE divestiture ,TAXATION of corporate reorganizations ,PUBLIC companies ,DEFERRED tax ,INCOME tax laws - Abstract
A divisive reorganization, such as a spinoff, can create stakeholder value. A spinoff may be undertaken for risk reduction, cost savings, management focus, or capital raising. Whatever the motivation, the transaction occurs frequently in Canadian and US public markets. The authors focus on tax-deferred spinoffs by Canadian and US public corporations. They describe the basic steps of a spinoff in each country and then identify and summarize the restrictions imposed by each country's tax law. Although each country's spinoffs are broadly similar in effect, a US spinoff uses fewer and more rational steps than a Canadian butterfly but faces tighter restrictions. One major difference explored in detail is that, unlike Canada, the United States requires a corporate business purpose for the transaction, and the legal form of transactions may be recast pursuant to their economic substance. In the context of a Canadian butterfly, the authors discuss the role of economic substance in Canadian tax law. They also comment on a public consultation paper of the Department of Finance (Canada) that proposes to amend the general anti-avoidance rule to introduce an explicit economic substance rule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
210. At What Cost? The Meaning of Cost in Canadian Income Tax.
- Author
-
Hennessey, Erica and Kraemer, Matt
- Subjects
INCOME tax laws ,TAX shelters ,COST ,TAX basis ,JUDGE-made law - Abstract
In this paper the authors (1) review the meaning of the term cost, certain related terms used in the Act, and a selection of provisions of the Act that use the various relevant terms; (2) identify certain current issues related to these concepts; (3) discuss the concept of cost in the context of cross-border transactions in which compensatory shares are issued; (4) discuss particular challenges in utilizing the concept of cost in the context of partnership interests; and (5) discuss inadequacies with the use of the concept of cost in the context of the application of the tax shelter rules to partnership interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
211. Safe Income Revisited in Light of the 2015 Amendments to Subsection 55(2).
- Author
-
Brender, Mark
- Subjects
TAX laws ,CAPITAL gains tax ,CORPORATE tax laws ,CORPORATE tax planning ,DIVIDENDS ,FISCAL policy - Abstract
Subsection 55(2) is a broad specific anti-avoidance rule that prevents taxpayers from converting accrued capital gains into deductible intercorporate dividends. The safe-income exception is an important carve-out from this rule. For decades, the Canada Revenue Agency's administrative positions dealing with the calculation of safe income were rooted in an accounting concept of retained earnings, even though the courts cast doubt on this approach. In 2015, section 55 was amended in several respects, with certain wording changes to the safe-income exception. In this paper, the author argues that these changes do not effect a substantive change to the safe-income exception. The author also explores several other cases and issues that relate to the safe-income exception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
212. Intergenerational Transfers: Current Best Practices.
- Author
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Duez, Estelle and Hodge, Brandon
- Subjects
INHERITANCE & succession ,TRANSFER (Law) ,INTERGENERATIONAL transfer of property ,TAXATION of estate planning ,CORPORATE reorganizations - Abstract
The baby boomers are aging, setting the stage for one of the largest intergenerational wealth transfers in human history. Practitioners have a role in assisting clients to ensure that the objective of transferring wealth to children and grandchildren is achieved in as tax-efficient and effective a manner as possible. In Canada, most taxpayers' wealth is in the form of real estate and publicly traded securities or, in the case of business owners, the businesses themselves. This paper discusses tax and non-tax considerations affecting transfers of assets to the next generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
213. Emigration from Canada.
- Author
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Dolson, H. Michael and Goguen, Siobhan A. M.
- Subjects
TAX laws ,IMMIGRATION status ,TAX rates ,RELOCATION ,JURISDICTION ,FOREIGN investments ,TAX consultants - Abstract
Ceasing to be resident in Canada, and commencing residence in a foreign jurisdiction, gives rise to both tax and lifestyle considerations. While the minimization of Canadian departure tax and tax liabilities is important, so too are the former resident's access to health care, testamentary freedom, personal safety, civil liberties, and general quality of life. This paper examines the tax and non-tax tradeoffs when substituting Canadian residency for residency in popular foreign destinations. We conclude by arguing that Canada should not follow the lead of other countries in adopting tax holidays and fast-tracked immigration status for wealthy foreign investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
214. "The Most Canadian Neighborhood Ever": Social Disciplining and Driving in the Greater Toronto Area.
- Author
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DAOLEUXAY, YVONNE
- Subjects
NEIGHBORHOODS ,DISCIPLINE ,CLASSROOM environment - Abstract
Scholars have found forms of disciplining outside of penal-carceral environments in settings such as classrooms, competitive sport and in historical religious contexts but little attention has been paid to the pervasiveness of disciplining in one of the most regulated everyday settings to be found - roadways. In this paper, we argue that despite the commonly held belief in Canada as a multicultural and in roads as democratic spaces where all are treated equally, it is in one of Canada's most diverse areas, the GTA, where we can expect to find that a panoptic gaze, whereby drivers are evaluated by other drivers, scrutinizes some groups more than others. Traffic is when you start to feel the stress, muscles tighten, you start to get annoyed easier, and you notice the other drivers that are selfish. And that starts to annoy you, if you see somebody using an on-ramp when they already were on the highway to pass other cars, so you've gone to the head of the line. Where you wouldn't do that if you were at McDonalds, you wouldn't walk from the back and then walk to the front and start ordering because everyone would say something. But when you're in your own little box with the windows up, you feel like you have the power to be rude and selfish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
215. Multiple Institutional Paths of Multicultural Education: Comparing the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.
- Subjects
MULTICULTURAL education ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,ETHNIC groups ,HISTORY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,CULTURAL pluralism - Abstract
Why has multicultural education developed differently in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, politically and culturally similar countries? I address this question with a historical and comparative study of how these three nations responded differently to the same global institutional trends. I show how not only did the existing institutional and ideological architecture of each country filter how it adopted the logic of pluralism that spread multiculturalism throughout the Anglo-American world in the 1960s and 1970s but that the resulting institutional settlement in each country was in turn unsettled by the neoliberal market logic that reshaped national education systems in the 1980s and 1990s, in turn altering domestic multicultural policies. Overall, this paper shows that not only do nation-level differences shape institutional change but do so through the accumulation of solutions to particular framings of domestic problems in the context of the global institutional change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
216. CAREGIVER DISCRIMINATION, GENDER, AND THE LAW: AN ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION AGAINST CAREGIVERS IN CANADA.
- Author
-
Hirsh, Elizabeth, Treleaven, Christina, and Fuller, Sylvia
- Subjects
INVESTOR-state arbitration ,LABOR laws ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,CAREGIVERS ,SEX discrimination in employment ,GENDER - Abstract
As workers struggle to combine work and family responsibilities, discrimination against workers on the basis of their status as caregivers - also known as family responsibilities discrimination - is on the rise. Although both women and men feel the pinch, caregiver discrimination is particularly damaging for women, as care is intricately tied to gendered norms and expectations. In this paper, we explore how work and caregiving clash through in-depth analysis of caregiver discrimination cases resolved by Canadian Human Rights Tribunals from 1985 to 2016. We identify the issues involved in disputes, the nature of discrimination experienced by women and men, and how gendered norms and expectations about work-life facilitation inform disputes and case outcomes. We find that although women are both more likely to bring claims of caregiver discrimination and obtain favorable outcomes, the experience of bias and legal interpretation of claims is highly gendered. Women bring claims involving both implicit bias on account of their caregiver status as well as claims over the practical challenge of seeking accommodations for care, while men's claims are largely restricted to accommodation-based disputes. In adjudicating cases, tribunals are more likely to see women - as compared to men - lacking credibility when making their claims, demonstrating the extent to which legal actors question the competence and legitimacy of female complainants. In contrast, men struggle in demonstrating the legal basis of work-family interference, often failing to convey how paid work seriously interferes with their family responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
217. Girls Night Out: Homosociality in University Hookup Culture.
- Author
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Andrejek, Nicole
- Subjects
SEXUAL consent ,HETEROSEXUALITY ,SEXUAL harassment ,FOCUS groups ,SOCIAL norms - Abstract
In this paper, I investigate how gender and heterosexuality shape undergraduate women experiences and participation in the "physical" spaces of hookup culture, such as nightclubs and house parties, at a mid-sized university in Canada. Through focus group discussions (N=21), I illustrate the shared practices, social norms, and potential risks for undergraduate women who participate in the university hookup scene, which are often articulated as homosocial "girls' nights out." Undergraduate women take on different roles during their nights out to seek enjoyment as a group while also helping to keep each other safe. I examine how gender beliefs and sexual norms shape undergraduate women's discussions of the grey areas of harassment and negotiating sexual consent as they navigate these spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
218. Untitled.
- Subjects
MONOGAMOUS relationships ,NON-monogamous relationships ,SUBCULTURES ,BDSM - Abstract
Objective: This paper explores how the BDSM (Bondage & Discipline/Dominance & submission/Sadism & Masochism) subculture successfully challenges the monogamous relationship norms of broader American culture by creating a culture where participants are expected to be in consensually non-monogamous (CNM) relationships. Background: Although many adults are neither married nor cohabiting, monogamy remains a fundamental normative building block of romantic relationships in American culture. I argue that the demographic composition of the BDSM subculture, along with its socially stigmatized position as a sexually deviant community, perfectly place it to challenge monogamous norms. Methods: This study uses data collected from extensive insider ethnographic observations, 70 in-depth interviews with BDSM participants in the mid-Atlantic US, and an internet convenience sample survey in 2017 with over 1,300 respondents from the US and Canada in the BDSM subculture. Results: The BDSM subculture has become "polynormative," meaning that the particular CNM practice of polyamory is expected there, the majority of participants prefer it, and increasing involvement in the BDSM subculture is associated with an increasing preference for polyamory. Polynormativity in the Scene de-emphasizes classic polyamorous subcultural rhetoric of "orientation" in favor of an attitude that anyone can do polyamory if they are self-aware and communicate effectively. Conclusions: The Scene has been extremely successful at undoing monogamous relationship norms, but its polynormativity creates problematic pressures against monogamy for some participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
219. National immigration 'models,' social welfare regimes, and Muslims' economic incorporation in France and Canada.
- Author
-
Reitz, Jeffrey G.
- Subjects
SOCIAL services ,MUSLIMS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,HUMAN capital ,INCOME - Abstract
Using France and Canada as comparative cases, this paper explores the impact of national context on the economic incorporation of Muslim minorities. Based on highly comparable large-scale surveys (Trajectoires et Origines in France 2008-09, the Canadian National Household Survey 2011), we consider the effects of social welfare regimes - corporatist-statist in France and liberal in Canada - and immigrant incorporation 'models' - republican secularism in France, multiculturalism in Canada - to explain patterns of Muslims' household incomes. Québec, which pursues a intercultural 'model', is analyzed as a hybrid case within Canada. Taking account of differences in Muslims' origins, timeof- arrival/generation, and education, we find that setting-specific patterns of Muslim disadvantage apply similarly to all minorities. Despite skill-selective immigration in Canada, immigrant disadvantage generally is greater there (including in Québec) than in France; but trends in Canada are more positive for those in the country longer, and especially for the second generation. Net of human capital variables, Muslim-specific disadvantage is similar across settings, suggesting a similarity in religion-based discrimination; however notably this disadvantage is less for second-generation Muslims in English Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
220. Divided by Distance? The Labour Market Outcomes Associated with Postsecondary Distance Education.
- Author
-
Seward, Brad, Zarifa, David, and Walters, David
- Subjects
DISTANCE education ,POSTSECONDARY education ,LABOR market ,PRAISE ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,ONLINE education - Abstract
Higher education in Canada is in the process of transformation as the growing popularity of online and distance education programs has led many postsecondary institutions to adopt alternatives to traditional in-class courses. While distance education has been praised for its accessibility and its ability to offer flexible, round-the-clock alternatives to in-class instruction, there are those who believe that online education has largely served as a net to catch traditionally marginalized students--students who go on to struggle with the unique challenges of these loosely structured programs. Moreover, researchers have not yet adequately evaluated the returns associated with these programs to determine the viability of these educational pathways. Drawing on Statistics Canada's 2013 National Graduates Survey, this paper examines the earnings and education-to-job match of recent graduates who pursued more than half their degree via distance education at Canadian postsecondary institutions. The results of these analyses indicate that pursuing a university education through either distance or traditional programs yields similar earnings and employment outcomes, when controlling for the other variables in our models. At the same time, it does not appear that distance education has become populated with marginalized students who are otherwise unable to enroll in traditional education institutions, as previous research suggests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
221. Don't Ask, Don't Tell: The Gendered Politics of Service Provision for Women with Precarious Immigration Status.
- Author
-
Abji, Salina
- Subjects
IMMIGRATION status ,WOMEN'S programs ,PRACTICAL politics ,CITY councils ,WOMEN employees - Abstract
In February 2013, Toronto city council passed a motion on "Undocumented Workers in Toronto," which reaffirmed the city's commitment to providing services to all residents regardless of their immigration status. This marked the first such 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell' (DADT) sanctuary policy for undocumented migrants in Canada. In this paper, I analyze the gendered politics of DADT policies, particularly for undocumented women seeking access to shelters and anti-violence against women services. The politics of service provision are complex in such cases, given that support against gender-based violence is often funded by multiple arms of the state. Drawing from qualitative interviews with thirty service providers in Toronto who work with women in cases of gender-based violence, this research analyzes both the benefits and limitations of DADT when centering the experiences of women with precarious immigration status. The findings also show how some service providers responded to the policy's limitations by adopting organizational-level practices that sought to re-imagine the city as a postnational space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
222. The Intimate is Political: Feminist Identity and Sexual Behavior.
- Author
-
Fetner, Tina
- Subjects
HUMAN sexuality ,WOMEN'S sexual behavior ,ASSERTIVENESS (Psychology) ,IDENTITY politics ,BODY image in women ,BODY image ,FEMININE identity ,ATTITUDES toward the environment - Abstract
Feminism is understood to be not only about equality for women as a group, but also about personal empowerment, which is captured by the slogan "the personal is political." Scholarship on feminist identity has demonstrated that those who self-identify as feminist share a set of social attitudes, though this group has become more heterogeneous over time, comprising a wide spectrum of people who have liberal, moderate and even conservative views, who support a broad spectrum of social change goals not only for the advancement of women as a group, but also for reductions of social inequalities of race, sexual identity, and concerns for the environment and children. As the identity "feminist" becomes more accessible to a wider array of individuals with a broader agenda, is its capacity to engender personal empowerment diminished? Previous research suggests that, for women at least, a feminist identity offers many social psychological benefits, including improved body image, interpersonal assertiveness, and activism. In this paper, I extend theories of the personal benefits of feminist identity for women to sexual behavior. Using original survey data from the Sex in Canada research project to assess the relationship between self-identifying as a feminist and sexual behaviours. Results show that those who call themselves a feminist differ in their sexual behavior from those who do not. This suggests that, as feminist identity broadens politically, it continues to impact personal, even intimate, choices for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
223. Transnational Queer Refugees: Gay Iranian Men Navigating Refugee Status and Cross-Border Ties in Canada.
- Subjects
GAY men ,BORDERLANDS ,HUMAN rights workers ,REFUGEES ,TRANSNATIONALISM ,LGBTQ+ literature - Abstract
Despite the rise in the displaced population numbers, refugees' transnational lives, sexual minority refugees, in particular, have remained at the margins of transnational migration studies. In this paper, based on 35 interviews with gay Iranian refugees in Canada, I argue for refugees' agencies and against the rhetoric that represents refugees as passive and inherently welfaredependent. To this end, I focus on refugees' transnational lives and analyze their agency in managing ties with their families back in Iran as well as building social ties with policy-makers and human rights activists in Canada. I connect transnational, forced, and queer migration literature to the broader body of social theory by drawing on Bourdieusian social theory and argue that it is necessary to deploy de-nationalized methods of inquiry to account for intra-group diversities as well as the social relations and symbolic ties that stretch beyond national borders in bringing social groups together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
224. Defining and Exploring Broadband Connections and Education Solutions in Canada's North.
- Author
-
Soanes-White, Tammy
- Subjects
DIGITAL divide ,INTERNET access ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,GEOSPATIAL data ,COMMUNITIES ,INTERNET speed ,DISTANCE education - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Learning & Technology is the property of Canadian Network for Innovation in Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
225. BRAIDING OUR LIVES: BLACK IMMIGRANT MOTHERS AND ADULT LITERACY.
- Author
-
Fearon, Stephanie
- Subjects
ADULT literacy ,BLACK women ,CREATIVE nonfiction ,WOMEN immigrants ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal for the Study of Adult Education is the property of Canadian Journal for the Study of Adult Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
226. IMPLEMENTATION STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF PASSIVHAUS IN CANADA.
- Author
-
Tataru, A. C.
- Subjects
PASSIVHAUS ,ENTHALPY ,ENERGY consumption ,RESIDENTIAL patterns - Abstract
Passive House were made for the first time in Germany, this concept is used later in other different climates of the south, west and southwest Europe. To determine whether an area is suitable for this concept of the passive house will use software Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) 2007 by which we determine the needs for heat and total consumption of primary energy of a home preset depending on latitude, longitude and climatic conditions. For a home to be considered passive house it must be within the maximum allowable on heating requirements is 15 kWh / m² year nor the total primary energy consumption of 120 kWh / m² year. In this paper we will determine whether such Passive House concept according to German requirements for passive houses a predetermined pattern can be implemented in Canada. To achieve this experiment, we calculate the amount of heating and total primary energy consumption to seven cities located in Canada placed at different latitudes and climates. From these results we can determine whether these areas can be used such houses and buildings and which modifications can be made to the houses to be implemented in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
227. Imposter syndrome in academic libraries: Indigenous women edition.
- Author
-
Bews, Emilee, MacLeod, Kaia, and Paul, Bethany
- Subjects
IMPOSTOR phenomenon ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,INDIGENOUS women ,ACADEMIC libraries ,INDIGENOUS ethnic identity ,RECONCILIATION ,LIBRARY personnel - Abstract
This paper is a part of the proceedings of the 2022 LACUNY Institute. In a panel presentation, the authors discuss personal instances and feelings of the imposter phenomenon (also known as imposter syndrome) as it relates to their Indigenous identities. Additionally, they describe how imposter syndrome may affect their ability to be successful in their careers, and the internal pressure they feel to present a more Indigenous identity (whatever that may entail) in their scholarship and their professional positions. The authors also share their experiences with external pressures to exhibit a more "stereotypical Indigenous" appearance for the sake of their role as Indigenous library staff members, peers, and appliers for academic opportunities and how these pressures relate in their interactions with other Indigenous people through their work. They address recent developments in academia regarding the hiring of Indigenous peoples and avoiding "pretendians" (people who falsely claim to have Indigenous ancestry). The goal of the authors is to encourage discourse in the vein of Truth and Reconciliation and to spread awareness about imposter syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
228. The "lucky ones" and those that weren't: sexual misconduct in the Canadian Armed Forces.
- Author
-
Biskupski-Mujanovic, Sandra
- Subjects
CANADIAN military ,ARMED Forces ,FRAUD in science ,WOMEN military personnel ,GENDER inequality - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Foreign Policy Journal (CFPJ) is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
229. Changes are coming to our paper currency.
- Subjects
POLYMERS ,MONEY - Abstract
The article reports on the introduction of the new polymer notes that would change the bills, which machine dispenses in Canada.
- Published
- 2010
230. TOUR EAST FILES PAPER DOCUMENTS.
- Subjects
RECORDS management - Abstract
The article reports on the move of Tour East Holidays (Canada) Inc. to use electronic documents and items to be sent to their customers as part of its green initiatives.
- Published
- 2010
231. Developing foresight that impacts senior management decisions.
- Author
-
Calof, Jonathan and Colton, Brian
- Subjects
DECISION making ,GOVERNMENT policy ,POLITICAL planning - Abstract
Extensive research exists on the potential impacts of foresight; however, a comprehensive understanding of the factors that lead to foresight impact, particularly in influencing senior management decisions, is relatively sparse. This study addresses this by reporting on a Delphi and expert panel involving eight senior Canadian government foresight program leaders. These leaders were asked to help identify and then rate a list of factors that they felt resulted in their foresight projects impacting senior management decisions. Results suggested that factors such as foresight methodology, while leading to good foresight, do not necessarily result in senior decision-maker impact. Instead, criteria defined in this paper as the "consultants' toolkit," such as understanding the senior decision maker's pain points and foresight managers having a strong understanding of the organization's inner workings, play a crucial role. The expert panel discussion suggested that the importance of senior management decision-making factors depends on three mediating variables: The temporal orientation of the Department, the foresight orientation of the department's senior management, and the nature of the relationship between the foresight manager and the senior decision maker. • Paper identifies factors that lead to senior management accepting and implementing the results and recommendations of foresight projects. • A two round Delphi and expert panel was held as part of this study with eight senior Canadian government foresight program leaders • Managers identified factors that relate more to a consultant tool kit than foresight methodology that results in decision impact foresight. • A contingency model is presented with three elements which the impact factors importance • The paper highlights the importance of research partnerships that include both academics and practitioners [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
232. Canada Council Grant Fails to Draw Inuit Applicants: 'Paper Culture' of the South Blamed.
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT aid to the arts ,INUIT artists ,INUIT art ,ARTISTS - Abstract
The article reports on the failure of the Assistance to Aboriginal Traditional Visual Art Forms program of the Canada Council to draw a large number applications from Inuit artists in 2005. According to Jim Logan, the council's aboriginal visual arts officer, only about 10 percent of the over 140 applications were from Inuit. The program is intended to preserve and promote traditional aboriginal visual art forms. The low level of Inuit participation in the program was blamed to the complicated application process.
- Published
- 2005
233. STILL PUSHING PAPER AT THE OFFICE.
- Author
-
Lahey, Liam
- Subjects
PRINTING machinery & supplies - Abstract
Reports on the trends of office printing in Canada. Increase in office printing volumes; Entry of Dell Canada into the market; Penetration of color multi-function products in the enterprise space.
- Published
- 2003
234. CIPS position paper calls for Lawful Access watchdog, audit trails.
- Author
-
Schick, Shane
- Subjects
INTERNET service providers ,LEGISLATIVE bills - Abstract
Focuses on the efforts of the Canadian Information Processing Society to urge the federal government to rethink the policy forcing the Internet service providers to intervene with privacy of the customers. Way of monitoring suspected criminals; Protection against terrorism; Provisions of the Criminal Code.
- Published
- 2002
235. `Low-key' flex-pack maker reaches for higher-quality sales.
- Author
-
Spaulding
- Subjects
PAPER converting machinery ,SKILLED labor ,SUPPLY & demand - Abstract
Features the Mississauga, Ontario-based Seville Packaging Inc. Line of business; Avoidance of commodity-type converting; Features of the flexo press and Eco Convert solventless laminator used by the firm; Pride in the firm's lack of middle management and customer service system; Shortage of skilled labor in Canada. INSET: End-product profile..
- Published
- 1999
236. HOLDING PATTERN.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,RECYCLING industry - Abstract
The article focuses on the status of the recovered paper industry as of March 2009. It notes that the industry is awaiting the fallout from the announcement that a bankruptcy protection has been filed by Smurfit-Stone Container Corp. for its subsidiaries in the U.S. and Canada. According to Domtar Corp., it will permanently lessen fine paper manufacturing at its Plymouth, North Carolina mill. Domtar president John D. Williams cites that the decline of fine paper orders requires that the company reduce its uncoated freesheet manufacturing capacity.
- Published
- 2009
237. The Human Face of the Crisis in Forestry.
- Author
-
High, Steven
- Subjects
FORESTRY & community ,FORESTS & forestry ,SOCIAL impact ,PAPER mills ,PLANT shutdowns - Abstract
The author reflects on the crisis facing forest-dependent communities in Canada. He points out that the discussion of the crisis in forestry is often limited to the abstract and the aggregate. He emphasizes the social impact of mill closure announcements on mill workers, their families and forestry-dependent communities. He offers an overview of the story behind the closure of Sturgeon Falls paper mill in Ontario.
- Published
- 2008
238. Community-led water governance: Meanings of drinking water governance within remote First Nations and Métis communities in Saskatchewan.
- Author
-
Acharibasam, John Bosco, Datta, Ranjan, Hurlbert, Margot, Strongarm, Elder Sharon, Starblanket, Elder Ethel, Mckenzie, Elder Denis, Favel, Elder Veronica, Starr, Reah, and Starr, Victor
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS children ,CREE (North American people) ,METIS ,COMMUNITY-based participatory research ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,PARTICIPATORY design - Abstract
Access to safe drinking water remains a significant challenge for many Indigenous communities in Canada, particularly for remote communities. This stems from historic colonial practices of water governance that have relied on Western worldviews and excluded Indigenous Peoples. Using an Indigenist research framework and a Community-Based Participatory Research design, we, as Indigenous and non-Indigenous collaborative research team wanted to learn from remote Indigenous communities, including Star Blanket Cree First Nation and the Cumberland House Village at the Treaty 4 and 5 territories (known as Saskatchewan) that have not been adequately represented in water governance. Following this, we used storytelling and deep listening to engage seven Elders and knowledge-keepers from the two communities. The findings show Indigenous People have spiritual and historical worldviews and practices surrounding water and its governance. Promoting Indigenous worldviews in water governance is critical to enhancing access to safe drinking water within the two communities. Therefore, reviving and reconnecting Indigenous drinking water governance promotes community healing and water protection. Insights from this paper propose a meaningful bridge between Western and Indigenous perspectives and the capacity to govern water through deep and complex practices and meanings of water governance. • Remote Indigenous communities lack access to safe drinking water. • Understanding the spirituality of water is key to Indigenous water governance. • Reclaiming Indigenous water stories is key to water reconciliation. • Collaborative water governance enhances access to safe drinking water. • Collaborative water governance promotes sovereignty and self-governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
239. Call For Papers: 2005 North American Steel Construction Conference.
- Subjects
IRON & steel building ,CONSTRUCTION industry ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
Calls for papers for the 2005 North American Steel Construction Conference in Montreal, Quebec. Requirements; Contact information.
- Published
- 2004
240. Current Developments -- Canada.
- Author
-
Dennis, Catherine
- Subjects
TRADEMARKS ,TOILET paper ,FEDERAL courts ,ACTIONS & defenses (Law) - Abstract
The article focuses on the trade mark application of Scott Paper Ltd. for registration in trade-mark design of their bathroom tissue. It is noted that an opposition to the application was raised by the Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP which was also agreed by the Trade Marks Opposition Board. However, the Scott Paper appealed to Federal Court of Canada and after thorough investigation, the company was allowed to pursue the registration.
- Published
- 2010
241. Vertical Equipment Maintenance.
- Author
-
Koshak, John W.
- Subjects
MAINTENANCE costs ,ESCALATORS ,ELEVATORS - Abstract
The Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators in the U.S. and Canada, ASME A17.1/CSA B44, includes Section 8.6, the Maintenance, Repair, Replacement and Testing section. It applies to all new and existing equipment to ensure maintenance is performed on critical components of vertical equipment to reduce hazard. It prescribes a Maintenance Control Program (MCP), a documented set of maintenance tasks, procedures, examinations, tests and records to ensure that equipment is maintained in compliance with the requirements of Code. It requires establishing the intervals between performing a maintenance task, recording maintenance performed, recording repairs, replacements, alterations, call backs, oil loss and several other items. Authorities Having Jurisdictions (AHJs) in the U.S. and Regulatory Authorities in Canada (RAS) require owners to provide and follow MCPs. This paper details the Code and a system that fully complies with these requirements, eMCP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
242. DOMTAR TO CLOSE MILLS, CUT 1800 JOBS.
- Author
-
Scharpf, Sara M.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,PLANT shutdowns ,PAPER mills ,DOWNSIZING of organizations - Abstract
The article reports on the closure of mills and downsizing by the Montreal, Quebec, Canada-based paper company, Domtar aimed to increase company profitability. The company also announced the writing-off of several fixed assets with the closure of paper mills and sawmills and the sale of a paper mill under a cost-cutting initiative.
- Published
- 2006
243. States and Civil Society Groups: CanadaÂ’s Promotion of Cultural Diversity and UNESCOÂ’s Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.
- Author
-
McDowell, Stephen
- Subjects
MULTICULTURALISM ,COMMUNICATION & culture ,CIVIL society - Abstract
The paper traces relationships between the Government of Canada and civil society organizations in moving forward the development of the UNESCO Cultural Diversity Convention, which was approved at the UNESCO General Assembly of October 2005. The Convention addresses key issue sin communication and culture, focusing on the promotion of national and sub-national spheres for communication and cultural exchange, as well as the promotion of human rights and the international exchange of ideas. Have the policies and proposals to promote cultural diversity changed as the forum for discussion of the issue has moved from the International Network on Cultural Policy to UNESCO? Have the roles of civil society groups, international organizations changed over this time. In what ways has the Government of CanadaÂ’s input and role changed with this shift? In what ways has the input of civil society groups, especially that of the Canadian-based International Network for Cultural Diversity, and the Coalition for Cultural Diversity, changed in the last three years? The paper compares a number of proposals, draft texts for the convention, and critiques of draft texts to illustrate approaches to a number of the key issues at stake in the formation of this convention. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
244. Social Influences on the Acceptability of Employment Discrimination: Lessons from Canadian Legal Decisions, 1984-1992.
- Author
-
Baumann, Shyon
- Subjects
SOCIAL influence ,EMPLOYMENT discrimination ,EQUALITY in the workplace ,EMPLOYEES ,EMPLOYERS - Abstract
When is employment discrimination acceptable? The notion of a bona fide occupational requirement is central in both the United States and Canada to determining the legal permissibility of discriminatory choices by employers. There are grounds on which employees or potential employees cannot be legally discriminated against, such as sex, race, religion, age, and disability. However, employers are free to make employment decisions that discriminate so long as those decisions are based on an employee's ability to meet a bona fide occupational requirement. This paper explores the evolution of what constitutes a bona fide occupational requirement in Canadian case law, focusing on the period 1982 to 1992. This paper describes the boundaries that were drawn between acceptable and unacceptable discrimination, and highlight how those decisions were subject to two particular social influences - changing public conceptions of risk and safety and changing public moral and aesthetic preferences. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
245. Political Divides and Territorial Boundaries: Federalism, Nationalism, and Social Policy Decentralization in Canada and Belgium.
- Author
-
Béland, Daniel and Lecours, André
- Subjects
CANADIAN politics & government, 1980- ,BELGIAN politics & government, 1993- ,FEDERAL government ,SOCIAL policy ,NATIONALISM ,DECENTRALIZATION in government - Abstract
Federalism as a form of territorial organization for politics often involves conflicts about which level of government can craft policy in specific areas. Such conflicts are particularly prominent in multinational federal systems, that is, federal systems where a significant number of citizens identify with a nation distinct from the one projected by the central state. Our paper will focus on social policy and make two arguments about its relationship with sub-state nationalism within federal structures using the cases of Canada and Belgium. First, it will suggest that social policy is particularly likely to become the focus of political and jurisdictional battles in the context of multinational federalism because it represents a potent tool for constructing and consolidating national identities. Nationalist mobilization over social policy is occurring in both Flanders and Québec despite ideological and programmatic differences between the two movements. Second, the paper will argue that the structure of federalism and welfare arrangements will heavily condition the likelihood and extent of decentralization. In Canada, the competitive nature of federal/provincial relations and the Beveridge-style welfare arrangements explain why there has been decentralization of social policy towards Québec whereas consensual decision-making and the Bismarckian welfare arrangements has meant no such outcome for Flanders in Belgium. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
246. Impact of Family Leave in Canada and the United States on Post-Birth Employment Dynamics of Women.
- Author
-
Trzcinski, Eileen and Hanratty, Maria
- Subjects
PARENTAL leave ,WOMEN'S employment ,LEAVE of absence ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
This paper examines the impact of the expansions in the duration of paid parental leave benefits in Canada from 25 to 50 weeks in 2000 on the post-birth employment patterns of women with young children. To do so, it compares changes in labor market outcomes before and after the 2000 expansion for a sample of women with young children in Canada to a comparable sample in the United States. The analysis draws on two large representative data surveys, the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, and the U.S. Survey of Income and Program Participation to estimate whether the 2000 expansions were associated with an increase in the length of time before mothers return to work after the birth of a child. The analysis also examines whether the paid leave expansions further affected maternal employment in the year after their child reaches age one. To control for differences in underlying trends in each country, it uses a "difference in difference" approach that uses women with children age 3-4 as a comparison group in each country. The paper finds that the 2000 expansion was associated with a substantial increase in the duration of time that women remain at home following child-birth in Canada relative to the U.S, and that this increase was larger for more economically advantaged groups of women. Despite the large increases in time at home, there is little evidence that there was a decline in women's relative employment rates after their child reached age one. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
247. For Whom the Eye Trolls.
- Author
-
French, Martin
- Subjects
PRIVACY ,SOCIAL psychology ,INTELLECTUAL freedom ,RIGHT of privacy ,PUBLIC health surveillance ,PRIVATE sphere - Abstract
Beginning with the assertion that surveillance is applied differentially by the Canadian state, and that this differential application has a racialized character, this paper argues that the federal Office of the Privacy Commissioner (OPC) be transformed into a larger agency for the regulation of surveillance. Presently, the efficacy of surveillance regulation is limited and the OPC represents the best foundation upon which to build a new regulatory body. However, in its current capacity and with its mandate fixated upon a very narrow, individualistic understanding of privacy, the OPC would have to undergo significant transformation. This paper identifies key areas for transformation by highlighting the limitations of current institutional, legal, and policy frameworks. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
248. Does Motivation Matter? Women's Entrepreneurship and Economic Success.
- Author
-
Hughes, Karen
- Subjects
MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,BUSINESSWOMEN ,BUSINESS success ,ENTREPRENEURSHIP ,WOMEN-owned business enterprises ,WOMEN ,BUSINESS research - Abstract
Among the many topics addressed within the rich scholarship on gender and work, a growing area of interest concerns differences in the entrepreneurial activity of women and men, as well as differences amongst women entrepreneurs themselves. Studies from a variety of countries note both a dramatic influx of women into the small business sector over the past two decades, as well as significant gender differences in the types of businesses and organizations women and men create, their motivations and business approach, and their economic success. However, while patterns of inter- and intra-gender difference in entrepreneurship are well documented in many countries, the reasons underlying them are less well understood. In an effort to contribute to our understanding of this issue, this paper explores the links between women's motivation and entrepreneurial success, using Canada as a case study. The analysis draws on The Survey of Self-Employment, a national survey of 3,840 Canadians that was conducted in 2000 by Statistics Canada and Human Resources Development Canada. Using three broad categories of motivation based on existing research -- classic, work-family, and forced- the paper examines how prevalent these motivations are amongst Canadian women, and how motivations are linked to the types of businesses women build and the economic rewards they receive. The findings suggest considerable diversity in the motivations and success of women entrepreneurs. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
249. COMPARING CANADA AND THE NORDIC COUNTRIES.
- Subjects
PAPER ,WOOD-pulp ,PAPER industry ,WOOD pulp industry - Abstract
Discusses the comparison between the development of pulp and paper industries in Canada and the Nordic countries. Increase in the growth of paper production and board in Nordic countries; Production increase in Canada in 1994 to 2003 compared with Nordic countries; Difference between the production focus and grade split of both countries.
- Published
- 2004
250. NEXFOR TO SPIN OFF FRASER.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,BUSINESS planning ,STOCKHOLDERS ,SALES ,INDUSTRIAL productivity - Abstract
Reports that Toronto, Canada-based Nexfor Inc. is proposing to spin off its specialty papers and timberlands business to its common shareholders. Operation of the business as Fraser Papers; Sales, metric tons and paper production capacity.
- Published
- 2004
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