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2. Could AI help you to write your next paper?
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Hutson, Matthew
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Hundreds of gibberish papers still lurk in the scientific literature
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Van Noorden, Richard
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Paper-Based Robotics with Stackable Pneumatic Actuators
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Smit Shukla, Tongfen Liang, Aaron D. Mazzeo, Michael Yang, Cora LoPresti, Meriem Akin, Xiyue Zou, Salman Hoque, Brian T. Weil, and Emily Gruber
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Pneumatic actuator ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Biophysics ,Soft robotics ,Control engineering ,Robotics ,Equipment Design ,Paper based ,Robotic systems ,Hardware_GENERAL ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Elastic Modulus ,Humans ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Actuator - Abstract
This work presents a unique approach to the design, fabrication, and characterization of paper-based origami robotic systems consisting of stackable pneumatic actuators. These paper-based actuators (PBAs) use materials with high elastic modulus-to-mass ratios, accordion-like structures, and direct coupling with pneumatic pressure for extension and bending. The study contributes to the scientific and engineering understanding of foldable components under applied pneumatic pressure by constructing stretchable and flexible structures with intrinsically nonstretchable materials. Experiments showed that a PBA possesses a power-to-mass ratio greater than 80 W/kg, which is more than four times that of human muscle. This work also illustrates the stackability and functionality of PBAs by two prototypes: a parallel manipulator and a legged locomotor. The manipulator consisting of an array of PBAs can bend in a specific direction with the corresponding actuator inflated. In addition, the stacked actuators in the manipulator can rotate in opposite directions to compensate for relative rotation at the ends of each actuator to work in parallel and manipulate the platform. The locomotor rotates the PBAs to apply and release contact between the feet and the ground. Furthermore, a numerical model developed in this work predicts the mechanical performance of these inflatable actuators as a function of dimensional specifications and folding patterns. Overall, we use stacked origami actuators to implement functionalities of manipulation, gripping, and locomotion as conventional robotic systems. Future origami robots made of paper-like materials may be suitable for single use in contaminated or unstructured environments or low-cost educational materials.
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- 2022
5. Paper-based microfluidics for food safety and quality analysis
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Azadeh Nilghaz, Junfei Tian, Seyed Mahdi Mousavi, Rong Cao, Xungai Wang, and Miaosi Li
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Food industry ,Scope (project management) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Paper based ,Food safety ,Biological hazard ,Food Analysis ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Chemical contaminants ,Quality (business) ,business ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,media_common - Abstract
Background The screening of biological hazards, chemical contaminants and allergens in food products is a major concern of food industry since they can cause serious illnesses and even lead to death. Therefore, there is a significant interest in developing low-cost, robust, and rapid detection methods for food safety and quality analysis. Conventional methods provide accurate analytical characteristics, but require well-equipped laboratories, trained personnel, costly reagents, and complicated sample preparation procedures prior to the detection in order to obtain reliable results. Hence, they are not always ideal for on-site food surveillance. Scope and approach This paper discusses the fundamentals of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) and reviews the recent progress in their usage for screening biological hazards, harmful chemical residues, and allergens in food products to systematically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of this technology. It then covers future trends and useful strategies that could be employed in μPADs design and fabrication procedures to address the critical challenges in equipment-free food analysis. Key findings and conclusions μPADs offer promising avenues to revolutionize food safety and quality analysis with merits of equipment-free sample preparation and detection at low-cost. Despite the advancement in the microfluidic technology, the manufacturing of user-friendly sample-to-answer μPADs still requires intensive research studies to be employed for robust and sensitive food safety and quality analysis.
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- 2021
6. Goal programming model applied to waste paper logistics processes
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Fernando Augusto Silva Marins, Cristiane Maria Defalque, Aneirson Francisco da Silva, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rodovia Presidente Dutra, and Brazil
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Optimization ,Operations research ,Modeling language ,Computer science ,Waste paper recycling ,Applied Mathematics ,Waste paper ,02 engineering and technology ,Reverse logistics ,Solver ,01 natural sciences ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Weighted goal programming ,Modeling and Simulation ,Goal programming ,0103 physical sciences ,Vehicle routing problem ,Revised Multi-Choice Goal Programming ,Production (economics) ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,010301 acoustics - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-10-01 Organization and planning of reverse logistics networks make sustainable processes more efficient. Thus, an important sector for connecting the collection and waste paper recycling echelons is the intermediate center. In this study, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model, which is multi-objective, multi-product, multi-level and multi-period, was developed to optimize the waste paper logistics processes of intermediate centers. The formulation includes the following echelons: collection, considering vehicle routing with different capacities; inventory of non-baling materials; baling sorted waste and inventory of bales; selling bales; disposal of non-recyclable waste. The aims of the model include: maximizing the collected waste; minimizing distances; maximizing both the production and sale of bales, and minimizing costs. According to research carried out in the literature, the developed model is a new proposal and to implement it, the Weighted Goal Programming and Revised Multi-Choice Goal Programming approaches were used to deal with multiple objectives and incorporate uncertainty into the quantity of waste available for collection. To analyze the proposed model, computational tests were executed with instances based on real data from a Brazilian company in the sector. For all performed tests, General Algebraic Modeling System 23.6.5 modeling language and CPLEX 12.2.0.2 solver were used for modeling and optimization. The results show that this study presents formulation and technological approaches that represent real situations and provide competitive solutions to the problem. Sáo Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” [Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho] School of Engineering of Guaratinguetá [Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá] Production Department, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal das Colinas Agulhas Negras Military Academy [Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras] Rodovia Presidente Dutra, km 306, s/n Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Exército Avenida Papa Pio XII 350 Jardim Chapadão Campinas - SP Brazil, Avenida Papa Pio XII, 350, Jardim Chapadão, Campinas - SP Sáo Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” [Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho] School of Engineering of Guaratinguetá [Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá] Production Department, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal das Colinas
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- 2021
7. Dirty Paper Coding Based on Polar Codes and Probabilistic Shaping
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Wen Xu, Gerhard Kramer, M. Yusuf Sener, and Ronald Böhnke
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Computer science ,Frame (networking) ,Probabilistic logic ,List decoding ,Precoding ,Amplitude-shift keying ,Computer Science Applications ,Dimension (vector space) ,Modeling and Simulation ,Dirty paper coding ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Algorithm ,Computer Science::Information Theory ,Block (data storage) - Abstract
A precoding technique based on polar codes and probabilistic shaping is introduced for dirty paper coding. Two variants of the precoding use multi-level shaping and sign-bit shaping in one dimension. The decoder uses multi-stage successive-cancellation list decoding with list-passing across the bit levels. The approach achieves approximately the same frame error rates as polar codes with multi-level shaping over standard additive white Gaussian noise channels at a block length of 256 symbols and with different amplitude shift keying (ASK) constellations.
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- 2021
8. Energy efficiency challenges in pulp and paper manufacturing: A tutorial review
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Martin A. Hubbe
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Exergy ,Environmental Engineering ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Pulp (paper) ,Bioengineering ,engineering.material ,Product (business) ,Cellulosic ethanol ,Process integration ,Pinch analysis ,engineering ,Electricity ,Process engineering ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is highly energy-intensive. In mills that use chemical pulping, roughly half of the higher heating value of the cellulosic material used to manufacture the product typically is incinerated to generate steam and electricity that is needed to run the processes. Additional energy, much of it non-renewable, needs to be purchased. This review considers publications describing steps that pulp and paper facilities can take to operate more efficiently. Savings can be achieved, for instance, by minimizing unnecessary losses in exergy, which can be defined as the energy content relative to a standard ambient condition. Throughout the long series of unit operations comprising the conversion of wood material to sheets of paper, there are large opportunities to more closely approach a hypothetical ideal performance by following established best-practices.
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- 2021
9. Paper-Based Biosensors for COVID-19: A Review of Innovative Tools for Controlling the Pandemic
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Ana P.M. Tavares, Cristina E. A. Sousa, Rodrigo Martins, Maria Teresa Cruz, Ana C. Marques, Elvira Fortunato, Felismina T.C. Moreira, M. Goreti F. Sales, A. Rita Cardoso, Tomás Pinheiro, Ana Matos, and Universidade do Minho
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Diagnostic methods ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunology ,02 engineering and technology ,Viral antigen ,Peptides and proteins ,Diagnostic tools ,01 natural sciences ,Biopolymers ,Pandemic ,Medical diagnosis ,Antigens ,QD1-999 ,Science & Technology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,3. Good health ,Chemistry ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Perspective ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The appearance and quick spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease, COVID-19, brought major societal challenges. Importantly, suitable medical diagnosis procedures and smooth clinical management of the disease are an emergent need, which must be anchored on novel diagnostic methods and devices. Novel molecular diagnostic tools relying on nucleic acid amplification testing have emerged globally and are the current gold standard in COVID-19 diagnosis. However, the need for widespread testing methodologies for fast, effective testing in multiple epidemiological scenarios remains a crucial step in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Biosensors have previously shown the potential for cost-effective and accessible diagnostics, finding applications in settings where conventional, laboratorial techniques may not be readily employed. Paper- and cellulose-based biosensors can be particularly relevant in pandemic times, for the renewability, possibility of mass production with sustainable methodologies, and safe environmental disposal. In this review, paper-based devices and platforms targeting SARS-CoV-2 are showcased and discussed, as a means to achieve quick and low-cost PoC diagnosis, including detection methodologies for viral genomic material, viral antigen detection, and serological antibody testing. Devices targeting inflammatory markers relevant for COVID-19 are also discussed, as fast, reliable bedside diagnostic tools for patient treatment and follow-up., The authors acknowledge funding through projects Eco2Covid (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-068174) and TecniCov (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-069745), co-funded by FEDER through COMPETE2020 and Lisboa2020. T.P., A.R.C. and A.C.M. acknowledge funding to National Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., FCT, through their PhD grants, references DFA/BD/8606/2020, SFRH/BD/130107/2017 and SFRH/BD/115173/2016, respectively, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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- 2021
10. A Review Paper on Video Retrieval in Spatial and Temporal Domain
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Vivek Kapur, Shubhangini Ugale, and Bharati Sayankar
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Upload ,Information retrieval ,Pixel ,Transmission (telecommunications) ,Computer science ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,General Medicine ,Video retrieval ,Domain (software engineering) - Abstract
In today’s era the content based video retrieval are major challengesdue to large storage, transmission, and downloading of videos. Video is retrieve based on visual content. Most of the researchers worked on low-level pixel content like shape, color and texture. In this paper, we review the content based video retrieval by using high-level features such as the spatio-temporal domain and review on the latest methods adopted by the researcher for video retrieval. The state-of-the-art of this paper mainly focuses on a review of video retrieval, its challenges, parameters consideration, and techniques that are to be incorporated.
- Published
- 2023
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