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8,977 results on '"quark model"'

1. 1+ XTZ States within QCD Sum Rules

Author

Albuquerque, R. M., Narison, S., Rabetiarivony, D., and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
quark model, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Laplace, axial-vector, FOS: Physical sciences, tetraquark, stability, sum rule, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), quantum chromodynamics, mass ratio, lattice
Abstract

We present improved estimates of the couplings, masses and mass ratios of the $X_Q, Z_Q$ and $T_{QQ\bar q\bar q'}$ states using (inverse) QCD Laplace sum rules (LSR), their ratios ${\cal R}$ and double ratios (DRSR), within stability criteria. We conclude that the observed $X_c(3872)$ and $Z_c(3900)$ are tetramoles states (superposition of quasi-degenerated molecule and tetraquark states having similar couplings to the currents) with the predicted masses: $M_{{\cal T}_{X_c}}=3876(44)$ MeV and $M_{{\cal T}_{Z_c}}=3900(42)$ MeV. We also do an extensive analysis of the four-quark nature of different $T_{QQ\bar q\bar q'}$ axial-vector states. Then, combining ${\cal R}$ and DRSR, we reanalyze the observed state $X_c(3872)$ and we obtain a precise prediction of $M_{T_{cc}^{1^+}}$=3886(6) MeV. Extending to the beauty sector, we find the results: $M_{{\cal T}_{Z_b}}=10579(99)$ MeV and $M_{X_b}=10545(131)$ MeV. Finally, we confront our combined LSR $\oplus$ DRSR results with the ones from some other approaches (lattices and quark models)., Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 25th High-Energy Physics International Conference in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD 22)

Published
2023

2. Study of Hidden-Charm and Hidden-Bottom Pentaquark Resonances in the Quark Model

Author

Yang, Xinmei Zhu, Yuheng Wu, Hongxia Huang, Jialun Ping, and Youchang

Subjects
hidden-charm pentaquark, hidden-bottom pentaquark, scattering cross-section, quark model
Abstract

Inspired by the LHCb observation of hidden-charm pentaquarks, i.e., Pc(4312), Pc(4440), and Pc(4457) in the J/ψp invariant mass spectrum, a calculation of the J/ψp scattering cross-section was performed using the quark-delocalization color screening model. The results show that Pc(4312) can be identified as a hidden-charm molecular state ΣcD with JP=12−. The two-peak structure can be reproduced around 4450 MeV, which corresponds to Pc(4440) and Pc(4457). They are the resonances molecular states ΣcD* of JP=12− and JP=32−. Moreover, the Σc*D* of both JP=12− and JP=32− are possible molecular pentaquarks. Moreover, in the same theoretical frame, the calculation is extended to the Pc-like molecular pentaquarks, denoted as Pb. Several hidden-bottom pentaquarks with masses above 11 GeV and narrow widths were obtained. All of these heavy pentaquarks are worth exploring in future experiments.

Published
2023
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4. Current-Component Independent Transition Form Factors for Semileptonic and Rare <math xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML' id='M1'> <mi>D</mi> <mo>⟶</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mfenced open='(' close=')'> <mrow> <mi>K</mi> </mrow> </mfenced> </math> Decays in the Light-Front Quark Model

Author

Ho-Meoyng Choi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Component (thermodynamics), Quark model, Front (oceanography), Current (fluid)
Abstract

We investigate the exclusive semileptonic and rare D ⟶ π K decays within the standard model together with the light-front quark model (LFQM) constrained by the variational principle for the QCD-motivated effective Hamiltonian. The form factors are obtained in the q + = 0 frame and then analytically continue to the physical timelike region. Together with our recent analysis of the current-component independent form factors f ± q 2 for the semileptonic decays, we present the current-component independent tensor form factor f T q 2 for the rare decays to make the complete set of hadronic matrix elements regulating the semileptonic and rare D ⟶ π K decays in our LFQM. The tensor form factor f T q 2 are obtained from two independent sets J T + ⊥ , J T + − of the tensor current J T u v . As in our recent analysis of f − q 2 , we show that f T q 2 obtained from the two different sets of the current components gives the identical result in the valence region of the q + = 0 frame without involving the explicit zero modes and the instantaneous contributions. The implications of the zero modes and the instantaneous contributions are also discussed in comparison between the manifestly covariant model and the standard LFQM. In our numerical calculations, we obtain the q 2 -dependent form factors ( f ± , f T ) for D ⟶ π K and branching ratios for the semileptonic D ⟶ π K ℓ v ℓ ℓ = e , μ decays. Our results show in good agreement with the available experimental data as well as other theoretical model predictions.

Published
2021

5. Non-relativistic quark model under external magnetic and Aharanov–Bohm (AB) fields in the presence of temperature-dependent confined Cornell potential

Author

M. Abu-Shady, Akpan N. Ikot, and C. O. Edet

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Quantum electrodynamics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Thermal, symbols, General Physics and Astronomy, Dissociation (chemistry), Schrödinger equation, Magnetic field
Abstract

The dissociation of quarkonia in a thermal QCD medium in the background of Aharanov–Bohm (AB) and strong magnetic fields was investigated. For this purpose, the Schrödinger equation with charged quarkonium in the Cornell potential under the influence of the AB flux and an external magnetic fields directed along the z-axis was employed. Using the Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) method, the energy eigenvalue was obtained. The effects of temperature, AB flux, and external magnetic field were studied. The study shows that the dissociation energies of the 1S states of charmonium and bottomonium decrease with increasing temperature, AB flux, and external magnetic field. In addition, the quarkonium melts faster in a hot medium in the presence of an AB flux and an external magnetic field. We found that charmonium melts at 13.79 [Formula: see text] and bottomonium melts at 99.48 [Formula: see text]. A comparison was conducted with other studies. Thus, the present non-relativistic model provides satisfactory results for the dissociation binding energy in a hot medium when the AB flux and external magnetic fields are included.

Published
2021

6. Hadron Modifications in a Dense Baryonic Matter

Author

G. Musulmanbekov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Radiation, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Quark model, Hadron, Observable, Strangeness, Nuclear environment, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Vector meson, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Starting with the Strongly Correlated Quark Model (SCQM) of a hadron structure, SCQM, we propose a possible scenario of modification of the properties of mesons and baryons in a dense nuclear environment. These in-medium modifications can lead to the observable effects in heavy ion collisions, such as enhancement of strangeness and dropping/broadening vector meson masses.

Published
2021

7. Calculation of doubly heavy baryons decay

Author

K. Nurlan, Zh.Zh. Tyulemissov, A.K. Bekbaev, D.T. Aznabaev, and Aidos Issadykov

Subjects
Baryon, Physics, Particle physics, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Scalar (mathematics), Quark model, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Ocean Engineering, Covariant transformation, Charm (quantum number), Helicity, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

We calculated a subclass of four nonleptonic two-body weak decays of the double charm baryon ground states Ξcc++. Nonleptonic decays can be dividedinto two group: factorizable and nonfactorizable decays. The first one can be easily calculated from first principles. Therefore, its good example understands all pros and cons of a model. We focused on a weak two-body nonleptonic decay consists only fromthe factorizing contribution precluding a contamination from W-exchange. We use the covariant confined quark model previously developed by us to calculate the various helicity amplitudes which describe the dynamics of the transition induced by the Cabibbo-favored effective currents. Achievement of CCQM is that only size parameter Λvarying can describe all tree diagrams of nonleptonic decay. We then proceed to calculate the rates of the decay. The rates, branching ratios and helicity amplitude were calculated using dimensionless invariant form factors. Also, we calculated leptonic constant for scalar and vector mesons which has good agreement with experimental data. There isn’t any experimental data about the decay so we waiting for new experimental observation in the heavy baryon sector.

Published
2021

8. Quark-Hadron Model for Elastic scattering between two-composite systems at relativistic energies

Author

Magdi mohamed elgogary

Subjects
Quark, Elastic scattering, Physics, Particle physics, Scattering, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Quark model, General Medicine, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Center of mass, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Glauber
Abstract

We have previously developed formulas to calculate the full Glauber series of the elastic scattering between two composite systems their structures are pictured as bag of quarks or as cluster of nucleons. In this work, we have constructed a hybrid model in which the quark-hadron pictures are combined. The elastic cross sections of alpha-proton at center of mass energy √(s )=89 GeV and alpha-alpha at √(s )=126 GeV are evaluated by the hybrid model, the pure quark and conventional nucleon models. The results of different approaches are compared with the experimental data. The comparison shows that the predictions of the three model are identical at forward scattering angles and are significantly different at large momentum transfers. At large angles, the hybrid model calculation fits very well the experimental data than the calculations of quark and nucleon models. The nucleon model prediction provides better agreement with the data than the quark model calculation. The improvement achieved by hybrid model over the quark model at large scattering angles shows that the inclusion of quark–quark interactions is more consistently when the separation between the colliding nucleons is less than the hadron core.

Published
2021

9. Unpolarized dihadron fragmentation functions in nonlocal chiral quark model

Author

Fu-Jiun Jiang, Dong Jing Yang, Chian De Li, Seung-il Nam, and Chung Wen Kao

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Particle physics, Scale (ratio), High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Monte Carlo method, Quark model, Fragmentation (computing), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Momentum, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Pion, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Event generator
Abstract

We have calculated the unpolarized dihadron fragmentation functions (uDiFFs) of pions and kaons using the nonlocal chiral-quark model (NLChQM) and evolved our results to the transferred momentum scale Q$^2$=4$\mathrm{GeV}^2$ by the QCD evolution equations. These uDiFFs have also been computed in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio-jet (NJL-jet) model for the sake of comparison. We find that there is substantial difference between the results of these two models. Furthermore, the DiFFs of $u\to \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ and $g\to \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ at $Q^2=109\,\mathrm{GeV}^2$ in these two models are presented in comparison with the parametrizations fitted by the Monte Carlo event generator JETSET., Comment: 13 pages, 9 Figs, this article supersedes arXiv:1304.0525

Published
2021

10. Investigation on the New Physics effects of the vector leptoquark on semileptonic $$\bar{B}^*\rightarrow V \tau ^-\bar{\nu _{\tau }}$$ B ¯ ∗ → V τ - ν τ ¯ decays

Author

Quan-Yi Hu, Jie Zhu, and Jin-Huan Sheng

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Physics beyond the Standard Model, Quark model, Sigma, QC770-798, Astrophysics, Standard Model, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Leptoquark, Engineering (miscellaneous), Bar (unit)
Abstract

In recent years, the experimental results about the ratio of the branching ratios $$R_{D^{(*)}}$$ R D ( ∗ ) and $$R_{K^{(*)}}$$ R K ( ∗ ) , which are in the semileptonic $$b\rightarrow c l \bar{\nu }_{l}$$ b → c l ν ¯ l and $$b\rightarrow s l^+l^-$$ b → s l + l - decays, have been observed to deviate from the Standard Model prediction by $$1.4\sigma $$ 1.4 σ , $$2.5\sigma $$ 2.5 σ , $$2.4\sigma $$ 2.4 σ and $$2.2\sigma $$ 2.2 σ respectively. Motivated by these anomalies and by the abundant $$B^*$$ B ∗ data samples, we investigate possible New Physics effects of the vector leptoquark in the semileptonic decay $$\bar{B}^*_{u,d,s,c} \rightarrow V \tau ^-\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$ B ¯ u , d , s , c ∗ → V τ - ν ¯ τ ($$V=D^*_{u,d,s},J/\psi $$ V = D u , d , s ∗ , J / ψ ). which is induced by $$b\rightarrow c \tau ^-\bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$ b → c τ - ν ¯ τ at the quark level. Using the best fit solutions for the new operator Wilson coefficients and the relevant form factors which are obtained in the light-front quark model, we find that (i) the contributions of the vector leptoquark to $$d{\varGamma }^{(L)}/dq^2(\bar{B}^*_{u,d,s,c} \rightarrow V \tau ^-\bar{\nu }_{\tau })$$ d Γ ( L ) / d q 2 ( B ¯ u , d , s , c ∗ → V τ - ν ¯ τ ) and $$R^{*(L)}_{V}(q^2)$$ R V ∗ ( L ) ( q 2 ) to be significant; (ii) the two best fit solutions in the vector leptoquark are indistinguishable from each other and give similar amounts of enhancements to these two observables; (iii) both two cases of the vector leptoquark give nearly same results as those of the Standard Model for $$A_{FB}^{\tau }(q^2)$$ A FB τ ( q 2 ) , $$P_{\tau }(q^2)$$ P τ ( q 2 ) and $$F_{L}^{*V}(q^2)$$ F L ∗ V ( q 2 ) . We hope that the numerical results in this work will be tested in the future high energy experiments.

Published
2021

11. Double parton distributions in the nucleon on the lattice: Flavor interference effects

Author

Zimmermann, Christian, Reitinger, Daniel, Centre de Physique Théorique - UMR 7332 (CPT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RQCD, and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
polarization, quark model, flavor, n-point function, effect, [PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat], High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat), interference, nucleon, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.HLAT] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat], GeV, moment, quark, High Energy Physics - Lattice, mass, parton, distribution function, pseudoscalar, lattice
Abstract

Information about double parton distributions (DPDs) can be obtained by calculating four-point functions on the lattice. We continue our study on the first DPD Mellin moment of the unpolarized proton by considering interference effects w.r.t. the quark flavor. In our simulation we employ an $n_f = 2 + 1$ ensemble with inverse coupling $\beta = 3.4$, and pseudoscalar masses of $m_\pi = 355~\mathrm{MeV}$ and $m_K = 441~\mathrm{MeV}$. The results are converted to the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$-scheme at the scale $\mu = 2~\mathrm{GeV}$. We analyze the dependence of the considered Mellin moments on the quark polarization and compare our results with quark model predictions., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, LATTICE2022 conference proceedings, submitted to PoS

Published
2022

12. Magnetic Moments and Decay Rates for Double Heavy Baryons in the Non-Relativistic Quark Model

Author

M. M. A. Ahmed, N. H. Gerish, and M. Abu-Shady

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Radiation, Magnetic moment, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, Harmonic (mathematics), Eigenfunction, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Schrödinger equation, Baryon, symbols.namesake, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing), Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
Abstract

Using the extended Nikiforov Uvarov method, the potential model as an algorithm, the harmonic and linear functions is employed for solving the hyper-radial Schrodinger equation. The eigenvalue energy and eigenfunction are obtained. The masses, the magnetic moments, and decay width rate for double heavy baryons are calculated. A comparison is presented with other works. The present potential with the used method gives good results in comparison with experimental data and other works.

Published
2021

13. Мeson resonances in the relativistic quark model

Author

М. N. Sergeenko

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Mathematics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Quark model, Scalar (mathematics), General Physics and Astronomy, Wave equation, 01 natural sciences, Computational Theory and Mathematics, 0103 physical sciences, Bound state, Coulomb, 010306 general physics, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Mathematical physics
Abstract

In this paper, the relativistic quark model is developed for the study of mesons and resonances as quasi-bound quark states. A classic analogue of the spinless Salpeter equation is analyzed. It is shown that the potential for a conservative isolated two-particle system is the Lorentz-scalar function of the distance between quarks and can be included into the particle mass, which leads to the position-dependent quark mass. The funnel-type potential is modified with taking into account the dependence of the strong coupling αS on the distance. The concept of free motion of particles in a bound state is developed. The eigenvalue problem for the bound state is defined by the relativistic quasiclassical wave equation for the scalar potential. Two exact asymptotic solutions of the equation for the Coulomb and linear parts of the potential are obtained analytically; on this basis, the complex-mass formula for mesons and resonances is written. The efficiency of the model is demonstrated by comparison of the calculation results with the data for the masses of ρ and D mesons.

Published
2021

14. What Is the Universe Ultimately Made of?

Author

Matsuo Sekine

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Gauge boson, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Cosmological constant, Universe, Higgs boson, CP violation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lepton, media_common
Abstract

As the ultimate building blocks of the universe, the limit structureless quark u∞ and its anti-quark are considered at the infinite sublayer level of the quark model. Then CP is violated in the doublet of u∞ and u∞CP quarks to account for the asymmetry of the number of particles and anti-particles. This CP violation is explained by a SU(2) noncommutative geometry. The second, third and fourth generation quarks are considered only as the excited states of the first generation u∞ and u∞CP quarks. The fourth generation quarks are derived from both CPT transformation and the SU(2)L×U(1) gauge theory. The dark matter, quarks, leptons, gauge bosons and Higgs bosons are composed of only the u∞ and u∞CP quarks and the cosmological constant in Einstein’s field equation is also derived from the Higgs potential. Thus, the limit particle u∞ and its anti-particle u∞CP are the ultimate particles of the universe and produced thermally in the hot early universe of the Big Bang.

Published
2021

16. Experimental Evidence of Non-Baryonic Dark Matter in High Energy Physics

Author

Matsuo Sekine

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Cold dark matter, High Energy Physics::Lattice, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Quark model, Down quark, Universe, Baryon, Up quark, High Energy Physics::Experiment, media_common
Abstract

If most of the universe is made of baryons, we encounter a serious contradiction in explaining the observed structure formulation. Therefore, we need non-baryonic dark matter to comprise the universe. In a previous paper, the present author proposed an infinite sub-layer quark model in which there exists an infinite number of up quark qu (∞) and down quark qd (∞) at an infinite sub-layer level. These quarks have non-baryon quantum number with one-half electric charge. Thus, qu (∞) and qd (∞) quarks are candidates for the non-baryonic dark matter. It is then shown that CP is violated only in the doublet of qu (∞) and qd (∞) quarks to account for the asymmetry of the number of particles and anti-particles in the present universe. It should be emphasized that if the internal space of qu (∞) and qd (∞) quarks in the first generation is a noncommutative geometry, CP violation can be explained without increasing the number of particles and generations. Thus, a pair of an infinite number of qu (∞) and qd (∞) quarks would be produced in the first moments after the Big Bang and form the hadrons including the nucleons and remain as the non-baryonic cold dark matter for all time. From the qf (∞) quarks with the flavors f = u, d, s, c, t, and b, we compared our prediction value of the cross-section ratio R with the experimental values. We obtained the theoretical branching ratio R = 15/4 = 3.75 which is in good agreement with the experimental values from 12.00 GeV to 46.47 GeV in electron-positron annihilation into muon pairs and quark pairs.

Published
2021

17. Annihilation diagram contribution to charmonium masses

Author

Feiyu Chen, Renqiang Zhang, Xiangyu Jiang, Zhaofeng Liu, Ying Chen, Wei Sun, and Ming Gong

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Quark model, Diagram, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Distillation method, Charm quark, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Lattice, Lattice (order), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation, Spin-½
Abstract

In this work, we generate gauge configurations with dynamical charm quarks on anisotropic lattices. The mass shift of and charmonia due to the charm quark annihilation effect can be investigated directly in a manner of unitary theory. The distillation method is adopted to treat the charm quark annihilation diagrams at a very precise level. For charmonia, the charm quark annihilation effect barely changes the mass, but lifts the mass by approximately 3–4 MeV. For charmonia, this effect results in positive mass shifts of approximately 1 MeV for and , but decreases the mass by approximately 3 MeV. We did not obtain a reliable result for the mass shift of . In addition, we observed that the spin averaged mass of the spin-triplet charmonia is in good agreement with , as expected by the non-relativistic quark model and measured by experiments.

Published
2022

18. Decay Properties of Conventional and Hybrid $$\boldsymbol{B}_{\boldsymbol{c}}$$ Mesons

Author

Nosheen Akbar

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, Spectrum (functional analysis), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Schrödinger equation, symbols.namesake, medicine.anatomical_structure, Shooting method, Atlas (anatomy), Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, medicine, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Wave function
Abstract

Spectrum, radial wave functions at origin, decay constants, weak decay widths, life-time, and branching ratios for radially excited conventional and hybrid $$B_{c}$$ mesons are derived within non-relativistic quark model framework employing Schrodinger equation by shooting method. Calculated results are compared with available theoretical results and experimental observations. This work may help in identifying the new discovered $$B_{c}$$ meson states at CDF, LHCb, and ATLAS.

Published
2020

19. A New Description of Transverse Momentum Spectra of Identified Particles Produced in Proton-Proton Collisions at High Energies

Author

Raghunath Sahoo, Fu-Hu Liu, and Pei-Pin Yang

Subjects
Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, Article Subject, Proton, QC1-999, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Convolution, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

The transverse momentum spectra of identified particles produced in high energy proton-proton ($p+p$) collisions are empirically described by a new method with the framework of participant quark model or the multisource model at the quark level, in which the source itself is exactly the participant quark. Each participant (constituent) quark contributes to the transverse momentum spectrum, which is described by the TP-like function, a revised Tsallis--Pareto-type function. The transverse momentum spectrum of the hadron is the convolution of two or more TP-like functions. For a lepton, the transverse momentum spectrum is the convolution of two TP-like functions due to two participant quarks, e.g. projectile and target quarks, taking part in the collisions. A discussed theoretical approach seems to describe the $p+p$ collisions data at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV, 2.76 TeV, and 13 TeV very well., Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures. Advances in High Energy Physics, accepted

Published
2020

20. Masses of fully heavy tetraquarks $$QQ {\bar{Q}} {\bar{Q}}$$ Q Q Q ¯ Q ¯ in an extended relativized quark model

Author

Yu-Bing Dong, Dian-Yong Chen, and Qi-Fang Lü

Subjects
Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Bar (music), FOS: Physical sciences, lcsh:Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nuclear theory, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quarkonium, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Mass spectrum, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Excitation
Abstract

Inspired by recent measurement of possible fully charmed tetraquarks in LHCb Collaboration, we investigate the mass spectra of fully heavy tetraquarks $QQ \bar Q \bar Q$ in an extended relativized quark model. Our estimations indicate that the broad structure around 6.4 GeV should contain one or more ground $cc \bar c \bar c$ tetraquark states, while the narrow structure near 6.9 GeV can be categorized as the first radial excitation of $cc \bar c \bar c$ system. Moreover, with the wave functions of the tetraquarks and mesons, the strong decays of tetraquarks into heavy quarkonium pair are qualitatively discussed, which can be further checked by the LHCb and CMS Collaborations., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, comments and suggestions are welcome

Published
2020

21. Discoveries of the pentaquark states

Author

Yang Gao

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Multidisciplinary, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Strong interaction, Hadron, Quark model, Elementary particle, Pentaquark, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Protons and neutrons are not fundamental particles, instead are formed by quarks. Thousands of multi-quark particles were discovered in cosmic rays or particle accelerators. However, within the past decades after the quark model was proposed by Gell-Mann and Zweig, only two categories of strongly interacting particles were known: Baryons (such as protons and neutrons) that are made from three quarks, and mesons that are made from one quark and one antiquark. But what other configurations of quarks and antiquarks can form a particle? This question is theoretically difficult to answer. Yet new particles with different combinations of quarks keep popping up in experiments. In 2015, the best evidence for the existence of an exotic type of particle called as pentaquark, a never-before-seen formation of five quarks, was discovered by physicists working on the Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The detection of this particle is a major breakthrough in learning more about the nature of the strong forces that bound quarks together. In a sample of about 26000 Λ b 0 → J/ψK − p decays collected by the LHCb detector, a significant enhancement structure was observed in the J/ψp mass distribution. The pentaquark signal populated well separatedly from those contributions of Λ * → K − p on the “Dalitz” plot using the K–p and J/ψp invariant mass-squared as independent variables. The amplitude analysis revealed two pentaquark states were needed to describe dataset. They were formally named as Pc(4450)+ and Pc(4380)+ with statistical significances greater than 9 standard deviations: One has a mass of (4449.8 ±1.7±2.5) MeV and a width of (39 ±5±19) MeV, while the other is wider, with a mass of (4380 ±8±29) MeV and a width of (205 ±18±86) MeV. Both pentaquarks that LHCb physicists observed decaying strongly into a J/ψ particle and a proton, must have a minimal quark content of c c ¯ uud, and thus are charmonium pentaquarks. Recently the analysis has been reoptimized based on the data collected to date. A sample of 2.5×105 Λ b 0 → J/ψK − p decays was selected, nine times more than those used in the previous analysis. A new pentaquark state Pc(4312) was discovered with a mass near 4312 MeV. The Pc(4450) state was found to be the superposition of two nearby states at 4440 and 4457 MeV respectively. In an attempt to interpret the discoveries by the LHCb experiment, the pentaquark was conjectured as a tightly bound system of all five quarks, or a weakly bound “molecular” system of a baryon and a meson. Accurate description of a multi-quark system using the theory of the strong force and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is an extremely difficult problem. In fact, there are many combinations how five quarks are bound within the pentaquark. The five quarks could be tightly bound within a single structure, for example. Another possibility is that a quark and an antiquark are bound together to form a meson and the remaining three quarks form a baryon. The meson and baryon could then be bound to each other to create a structure resembling a subatomic molecule. Exploring the structure of pentaquarks as one of novel frontiers in high energy physics paves a new era to study the nature of strong interactions, which is an important stepping-stone in our good understanding of the strong force, the least well known of the four forces in nature.

Published
2020

22. The XYZ states: Experimental and theoretical status and perspectives

Author

A. V. Nefediev, C. P. Shen, Nora Brambilla, Chang-Zheng Yuan, Antonio Vairo, Christopher E. Thomas, Christoph Hanhart, and Simon Eidelman

Subjects
Quark, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Glueball, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, General Physics and Astronomy, Exotic hadron, Quarkonium, 01 natural sciences, Pentaquark, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Tetraquark, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The quark model was formulated in 1964 to classify mesons as bound states made of a quark–antiquark pair, and baryons as bound states made of three quarks. For a long time all known mesons and baryons could be classified within this scheme. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), however, in principle also allows the existence of more complex structures, generically called exotic hadrons or simply exotics. These include four-quark hadrons (tetraquarks and hadronic molecules), five-quark hadrons (pentaquarks) and states with active gluonic degrees of freedom (hybrids), and even states of pure glue (glueballs). Exotic hadrons have been systematically searched for in numerous experiments for many years. Remarkably, in the past fifteen years, many new hadrons that do not exhibit the expected properties of ordinary (not exotic) hadrons have been discovered in the quarkonium spectrum. These hadrons are collectively known as X Y Z states. Some of them, like the charged states, are undoubtedly exotic. Parallel to the experimental progress, the last decades have also witnessed an enormous theoretical effort to reach a theoretical understanding of the X Y Z states. Theoretical approaches include not only phenomenological extensions of the quark model to exotics, but also modern non-relativistic effective field theories and lattice QCD calculations. The present work aims at reviewing the rapid progress in the field of exotic X Y Z hadrons over the past few years both in experiments and theory. It concludes with a summary on future prospects and challenges.

Published
2020

23. Nonleptonic Decays of Doubly Charmed Baryons

Author

Valery E. Lyubovitskij, J. G. Körner, and Mikhail A. Ivanov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Omega, Charmed baryons, Amplitude, 0103 physical sciences, Covariant transformation, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We have made calculation of the W-exchange contribution to the nonleptonic two-body decays of the doubly charmed baryons $$\Xi _{{cc}}^{{ + + }}$$ and $$\Omega _{{cc}}^{ + }$$ . The W-exchange contributions appear in addition to the factorizable tree graph contributions and are not suppressed in general. We make use of the covariant confined quark model to calculate the tree graph as well as the W-exchange contribution. We calculate helicity amplitudes and quantitatively compare the tree graph and W-exchange contributions.

Published
2020

24. Semileptonic Decays of Heavy Baryons

Author

V. O. Galkin and R. N. Faustov

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Observable, 01 natural sciences, Baryon, Matrix (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic quantum chemistry
Abstract

Semileptonic decays of heavy baryons are studied within the relativistic quark model based on the quasi-potential approach and quantum chromodynamics. Form factors parametrizing the matrix elements of weak transitions are calculated in the entire available kinematic interval with consistent consideration of relativistic effects. The results on the probabilities of semileptonic decays and other observable quantities are in good agreement with the available experimental data.

Published
2020

25. Properties of $$\boldsymbol{B}_{\boldsymbol{c}}$$ Mesons and Variational Constraints on Their Masses

Author

Nosheen Akbar

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Scalar (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Schrödinger equation, Momentum, symbols.namesake, Shooting method, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Wave function, Mathematical physics
Abstract

Spectrum, radii, radial wave functions at origin, decay constants, and momentum widths for radial and orbital excited $$B_{c}$$ mesons are derived within non-relativistic quark model framework through finding numerical solution of the Schrodinger equation by shooting method. Masses of orbitally excited states are derived with a much simpler method that is developed by combining the uncertainty and variational principles. Masses of $$B_{c}$$ mesons are also calculated by using Momentum widths. Besides calculations, theoretical results are compared with the experimental observations which have implications for scalar form factors and leptonic decays of $$B_{c}$$ mesons.

Published
2020

26. Heavy Baryon Spectroscopy

Author

V. O. Galkin and R. N. Faustov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, QC1-999, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, FOS: Physical sciences, Quantum number, 01 natural sciences, Baryon, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Mass spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Masses of heavy baryons are calculated in the relativistic quark-diquark picture. Obtained results are in good agreement with available experimental data including recent measurements by the LHCb Collaboration. Possible quantum numbers of excited heavy baryon states are discussed., 10 pages, 1 figure, talk at XXIV International Baldin Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems, Sep 17-22, 2018, Dubna, Russia

Published
2020

27. Decay Constants of S Wave Heavy Quarkonia

Author

Bhaghyesh Azhothkaran and V K Nilakanthan

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Mathematics, Quark model, Quarkonium, 01 natural sciences, Pseudoscalar, Lattice (order), Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, S-wave, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We derive expressions for the decay constants of S wave pseudoscalar and vector quarkonium ($Q\bar {Q}$QQ̄) states through approximating the quark model definition by including terms uptok2/c2. Using the derived formula, the decays constants for ground and excited states are calculated. Our predictions are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental and lattice results.

Published
2020

28. Mass and decay properties of double heavy baryons with a phenomenological potential model

Author

Hadi Sobhani, Hassan Hassanabadi, and S. Rahmani

Subjects
Physics, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Branching fraction, Quark model, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, lcsh:Astrophysics, Omega, Baryon, Charmed baryons, Particle decay, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

We consider baryons in a nonrelativistic quark model, find the wave function and masses of the baryons with two heavy quarks including $$\Xi _{bc}(bcu)$$Ξbc(bcu), $$\Xi _{cc}(ccu)$$Ξcc(ccu), $$\Xi _{bb}(bbu)$$Ξbb(bbu), $$\Omega _{bb}(bbs)$$Ωbb(bbs), $$\Omega _{bc}(bcs)$$Ωbc(bcs) and $${\Omega _{cc}}(ccs)$$Ωcc(ccs). We calculate magnetic moments of these baryons. Using transition magnetic moments, we obtain the radiative decay widths for double heavy baryons. Then we calculate some of the semileptonic decay widths of these baryons. Our results are compared with other theoretical predictions.

Published
2020

29. Hybrid Meson Interpretation of the Exotic Resonance π11600

Author

Lahouari Semlala and Azzeddine Benhamida

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Quark model, Resonance (particle physics), Interpretation (model theory), Gluon
Abstract

The exotic JPC=1−+resonance π11600 is examined in the framework of the Quark Model with Constituent Gluon (QMCG). We report the possibility of interpreting that resonance as qq¯g meson, with a masse ≃1.65−0.04+0.05 GeV, and a decay width to ρπ≃0.28−0.09+0.14 GeV.

Published
2020

30. Heavy Baryon Spectroscopy in the Relativistic Quark Model

Author

R. N. Faustov and V. O. Galkin

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, relativistic quark model, General Medicine, Quantum number, mass spectra, 01 natural sciences, Baryon, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Mass spectrum, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, heavy baryons, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Masses of heavy baryons are calculated in the framework of the relativistic quark-diquark picture and QCD. The obtained results are in good agreement with available experimental data including recent measurements by the LHCb Collaboration. Possible quantum numbers of excited heavy baryon states are discussed.

Published
2020

31. Semileptonic Decays of Heavy Baryons in the Relativistic Quark Model

Author

V. O. Galkin and R. N. Faustov

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, weak decays, heavy baryons, form factors, relativistic quark model, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Observable, 01 natural sciences, Baryon, 0103 physical sciences, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic quantum chemistry
Abstract

Semileptonic and rare semileptonic decays of heavy baryons are studied in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the quark-diquark picture, quasipotential approach, and quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The form factors parametrizing the matrix elements of the weak transitions are calculated in the whole accessible kinematical range with the comprehensive account of the relativistic effects. The obtained results for the branching ratios and other observables agree well with the available experimental data.

Published
2020

32. Associated $$Z^\prime $$ Z′ production in the flavorful U(1) scenario for $$R_{K^{(*)}}$$ RK(∗)

Author

Nivedita Ghosh, Siddharth Dwivedi, Dilip Kumar Ghosh, Adam Falkowski, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Quark, Particle physics, Z': coupling, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), FOS: Physical sciences, quark: family, anomaly, Elementary particle, lcsh:Astrophysics, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, 01 natural sciences, Particle decay, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, CERN LHC Coll: upgrade, lcsh:QB460-466, family: 2, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), resonance: mass, energy: low, Physics, lepton: left-handed, Large Hadron Collider, dimuon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Z': model, Z': associated production, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, family: 3, Fermion, branching ratio: ratio, flavor: model, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Pair production, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], muon: coupling, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, luminosity: high, lepton: family, Lepton
Abstract

The flavorful $Z^\prime$ model with its couplings restricted to the left-handed second generation leptons and third generation quarks can potentially resolve the observed anomalies in $R_K$ and $R_{K^*}$. After examining the current limits on this model from various low-energy processes, we probe this scenario at 14 TeV high-luminosity run of the LHC using two complementary channels: one governed by the coupling of $Z'$ to $b$-quarks and the other to muons. We also discuss the implications of the latest LHC high mass resonance searches in the dimuon channel on the model parameter space of our interest., Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 have been modified, references have been updated, footnote added on page 12, version accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal C

Published
2020

33. Fragmentation Production of Θ0c(uuddc-) and Θ+b(uuddb-) Pentaquarks in the Diquark Model

Author

Reza Sepahvand and M. Ghelichi

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, General Mathematics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Hadron, Perturbative QCD, 01 natural sciences, Pentaquark, Baryon, Diquark, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Heavy hadrons have been the focus of attention because of their worthwhile properties. So far the fragmentation function (FF) and total fragmentation probability (F.P) for heavy baryons and mesons have been calculated in quark model and diquark model in leading order of perturbative QCD. After the discovery of pentaquarks, their fragmentation probabilities were estimated based on the known measurementsof c or b quarks into mesons and baryons. In this note we calculate the direct fragmentation function of $$ \overline{c}\to {\varTheta}_c^0\left( uudd\overline{c}\right) $$ and $$ \overline{b}\to {\varTheta}_b^{+}\left( uudd\overline{b}\right) $$ processes in leading order of perturbative QCD, employing the diquark model with considerable precision. Consistent with such a process we set up the kinematics of the fragmentation of a heavy antiquark into a pentaquark such that the effect of the Fermi motion of the constituents is ignored. We show that using the diquark model for studying pentaquark can provide reasonably good theoretical results. The findings of this study accord with those in the previous studies.

Published
2020

34. The spectrum of charmed quarkonium in non-relativistic quark model using matrix Numerov’s method

Author

Samah K. Elshamndy, A. M. Abdelmonem, A. M. Yasser, G. S. Hassan, F. Elmasry, and Mohammed Ali

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Spectrum (functional analysis), Quark model, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, Quarkonium, 01 natural sciences, Numerov's method, Spectral line, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0104 chemical sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Matrix (mathematics), 0302 clinical medicine, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Through the introduced work a viable numerical scheme has been developed, using Numerov’s method, to study the energy spectra of mesons and hadronic interactions. Upon the implementation of...

Published
2020

35. Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark Tcc+

Author

Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Abellán Beteta, C., Abudinen Gallego, F. J., Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Aiola, S., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Alfonso Albero, A., Aliouche, Z., Alkhazov, G., Alvarez Cartelle, P., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Archilli, F., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Baladron Rodriguez, P., Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Baptista Leite, J., Barbetti, M., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I., Beiter, A., Belavin, V., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Bjørn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Boelhauve, J. A., Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Boldyrev, A., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Brea Rodriguez, A., Brodzicka, J., Brossa Gonzalo, A., Brundu, D., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Calero Diaz, L., Cali, S., Calladine, R., Calvi, M., Calvo Gomez, M., Camargo Magalhaes, P., Campana, P., Campoverde Quezada, A. F., Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carli, I., Carniti, P., Carus, L., Carvalho Akiba, K., Casais Vidal, A., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Celani, S., Cerasoli, J., Cervenkov, D., Chadwick, A. J., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzikonstantinidis, G., Chavez Barajas, C. A., Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chernov, A., Chobanova, V., Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Cicala, M. F., Cid Vidal, X., Ciezarek, G., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Cobbledick, J. L., Coco, V., Coelho, J. A. B., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Coombs, G., Corredoira, I., Corti, G., Costa Sobral, C. M., Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Crkovská, J., Cruz Torres, M., Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., De Aguiar Francisco, O., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, D., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., Dean, C. T., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Dedu, V., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Dendek, A., Denysenko, V., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Desse, F., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Cicco, A., Di Nezza, P., Didenko, S., Dieste Maronas, L., Dijkstra, H., Dobishuk, V., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., dos Reis, A. C., Douglas, L., Dovbnya, A., Downes, A. G., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Durante, P., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Eidelman, S., Eisenhardt, S., Ek-In, S., Eklund, L., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Escher, S., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Falabella, A., Fan, J., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Féo, M., Fernandez Prieto, A., Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Ferreira Lopes, L., Ferreira Rodrigues, F., Ferreres Sole, S., Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. M., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fkiaras, A., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Franco Lima, V., Franco Sevilla, M., Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Fuehring, Q., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Gallas Torreira, A., Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Garcia Martin, L. M., Garcia Moreno, P., García Pardiñas, J., Garcia Plana, B., Garcia Rosales, F. A., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Geertsema, R. E., Gerick, D., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gerstel, D., Giambastiani, L., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Gironella Gironell, P., Giubega, L., Giugliano, C., Gizdov, K., Gkougkousis, E. L., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Gomez Fernandez, S., Goncalves Abrantes, F., Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gorbounov, P., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Grammatico, T., Granado Cardoso, L. A., Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gruberg Cazon, B. R., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guittiere, M., Günther, P. A., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Hadavizadeh, T., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Halewood-leagas, T., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J. P., Han, Q., Han, X., Hancock, T. H., Hansen, E. B., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Hecker, M., Heijhoff, K., Heinicke, K., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hollitt, S. E., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Huang, X., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V., Jiang, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Kalavan Kadavath, S. H., Kandybei, S., Kang, Y., Karacson, M., Karpov, M., Keizer, F., Keller, D. M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kress, F., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuindersma, H. S., Kunde, G. J., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Le Gac, R., Lee, S. H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, H., Li, P., Li, S., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Lobo Salvia, A., Loi, A., Lomba Castro, J., Longstaff, I., Lopes, J. H., Lopez Solino, S., Lovell, G. H., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Lucio Martinez, M., Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lyu, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Macko, V., Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Madejczyk, O., Madhan Mohan, L. R., Maev, O., Maevskiy, A., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Malygina, H., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Maratas, J., Marchand, J. F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Marin Benito, C., Marinangeli, M., Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Marshall, P. J., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Martinez Santos, D., Martinez Vidal, F., Massafferri, A., Materok, M., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., Mcgrath, T. H., Mchugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Mead, J. V., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Meinert, N., Melnychuk, D., Meloni, S., Merk, M., Merli, A., Meyer Garcia, L., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Millard, E., Milovanovic, M., Minard, M. -N., Minotti, A., Minzoni, L., Mitchell, S. E., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Mödden, A., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Mombächer, T., Monroy, I. A., Monteil, S., Morandin, M., Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Moron, J., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, D., Müller, K., Murphy, C. H., Murray, D., Muzzetto, P., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, I., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Newcombe, R., Niel, E. M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Nunez, C., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., O'Hanlon, D. P., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olivares, M. E., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Otalora Goicochea, J. M., Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pawley, C. J., Pearce, A., Pellegrino, A., Pepe Altarelli, M., Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Pereiro Castro, A., Perret, P., Petric, M., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrov, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, T. T. 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Subjects
Particles and field, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Exotic meson, Electroweak Interaction, Forward Physics, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Particle and Resonance Production, Charm quark, QCD, Particle Physics, Mesons, Electroweak Interaction, Particle and resonance production, Forward Physics, HEP, LHCb, Hadron collider, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Tetraquark, Quark model, Physic, LHC, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, describes interactions of coloured quarks and gluons and the formation of hadronic matter. Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. Particles with an alternative quark content are known as exotic states. Here a study is reported of an exotic narrow state in the D0 D0 π+ mass spectrum just below the D*+ D0 mass threshold produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The state is consistent with the ground isoscalar Tcc+ tetraquark with a quark content of c c anti-u anti-d and spin-parity quantum numbers J^P = 1^+. Study of the D D mass spectra disfavours interpretation of the resonance as the isovector state. The decay structure via intermediate off-shell D*+ mesons is consistent with the observed D0 π+ mass distribution. To analyse the mass of the resonance and its coupling to the D* D system, a dedicated model is developed under the assumption of an isoscalar axial-vector Tcc+ state decaying to the D* D channel. Using this model, resonance parameters including the pole position, scattering length, effective range and compositeness are determined to reveal important information about the nature of the Tcc+ state. In addition, an unexpected dependence of the production rate on track multiplicity is observed.

Published
2022

36. Observation of an exotic narrow doubly charmed tetraquark

Author

Aaij, Roel, Abdelmotteleb, Ahmed Sameh Wagih, Abellán Beteta, Carlos, Abudinen Gallego, Fernando Jesus, Ackernley, Thomas, Adeva, Bernardo, Adinolfi, Marco, Afsharnia, Hossein, Agapopoulou, Christina, Aidala, Christine Angela, Aiola, Salvatore, Ajaltouni, Ziad, Akar, Simon, Albrecht, Johannes, Alessio, Federico, Alexander, Michael, Alfonso Albero, Alejandro, Aliouche, Zakariya, Alkhazov, Georgy, Alvarez Cartelle, Paula, Amato, Sandra, Amey, Jake Lewis, Amhis, Yasmine, An, Liupan, Anderlini, Lucio, Andreianov, Aleksei, Andreotti, Mirco, Archilli, Flavio, Artamonov, Alexander, Artuso, Marina, Arzymatov, Kenenbek, Aslanides, Elie, Atzeni, Michele, Audurier, Benjamin, Bachmann, Sebastian, Bachmayer, Marie, Back, John, Baladron Rodriguez, Pablo, Balagura, Vladislav, Baldini, Wander, Baptista Leite, Juan, Barbetti, Matteo, Barlow, Roger, Barsuk, Sergey, Barter, William, Bartolini, Matteo, Baryshnikov, Fedor, Basels, Jan-Marc, Bashir, Saliha, Bassi, Giovanni, Batsukh, Baasansuren, Battig, Alexander, Bay, Aurelio, Beck, Anja, Becker, Maik, Bedeschi, Franco, Bediaga, Ignacio, Beiter, Andrew, Belavin, Vladislav, Belin, Samuel, Bellee, Violaine, Belous, Konstantin, Belov, Ilia, Belyaev, Ivan, Bencivenni, Giovanni, Ben-Haim, Eli, Berezhnoy, Alexander, Bernet, Roland, Berninghoff, Daniel, Bernstein, Harris Conan, Bertella, Claudia, Bertolin, Alessandro, Betancourt, Christopher, Betti, Federico, Bezshyiko, Ia., Bezshyiko, Iaroslava, Bhasin, Srishti, Bhom, Jihyun, Bian, Lingzhu, Bieker, Martin Stefan, Bifani, Simone, Billoir, Pierre, Birch, Matthew, Bishop, Fionn Caitlin Ros, Bitadze, Alexander, Bizzeti, Andrea, Bjørn, Mikkel, Blago, Michele Piero, Blake, Thomas, Blanc, Frederic, Blusk, Steven, Bobulska, Dana, Boelhauve, Julian Alexander, Boente Garcia, Oscar, Boettcher, Thomas, Boldyrev, Alexey, Bondar, Alexander, Bondar, Nikolay, Borghi, Silvia, Borisyak, Maxim, Borsato, Martino, Borsuk, Jozef Tomasz, Bouchiba, Sonia Amina, Bowcock, Themistocles, Boyer, Alexandre, Bozzi, Concezio, Bradley, Matthew John, Braun, Svende, Brea Rodriguez, Alexandre, Brodzicka, Jolanta, Brossa Gonzalo, Arnau, Brundu, Davide, Buonaura, Annarita, Buonincontri, Laura, Burke, Aodhan Tomas, Burr, Christopher, Bursche, Albert, Butkevich, Anatoly, Butter, Jordy Sebastiaan, Buytaert, Jan, Byczynski, Wiktor, Cadeddu, Sandro, Cai, Hao, Calabrese, Roberto, Calefice, Lukas, Calero Diaz, Liliet, Cali, Stefano, Calladine, Ryan, Calvi, Marta, Calvo Gomez, Miriam, Camargo Magalhaes, Patricia, Campana, Pierluigi, Campoverde Quezada, Angel Fernando, Capelli, Simone, Capriotti, Lorenzo, Carbone, Angelo, Carboni, Giovanni, Cardinale, Roberta, Cardini, Alessandro, Carli, Ina, Carniti, Paolo, Carus, Leon David, Carvalho Akiba, Kazuyoshi, Casais Vidal, Adrian, Casse, Gianluigi, Cattaneo, Marco, Cavallero, Giovanni, Celani, Sara, Cerasoli, Jacopo, Cervenkov, Daniel, Chadwick, Abbie Jane, Chapman, Matthew George, Charles, Matthew, Charpentier, Philippe, Charpentier, Ph., Chatzikonstantinidis, Georgios, Chavez Barajas, Carlos Alberto, Chefdeville, Maximilien, Chen, Chen, Chen, Shanzhen, Chernov, Aleksei, Chobanova, Veronika, Cholak, Serhii, Chrzaszcz, Marcin, Chubykin, Alexsei, Chulikov, Vladimir, Ciambrone, Paolo, Cicala, Maria Flavia, Cid Vidal, Xabier, Ciezarek, Gregory, Clarke, P.E. L., Clemencic, Marco, Cliff, Harry, Closier, Joel, Cobbledick, John Leslie, Coco, Victor, Coelho, Joao A.B., Cogan, Julien, Cogneras, Eric, Cojocariu, Lucian, Collins, Paula, Colombo, Tommaso, Congedo, Liliana, Contu, Andrea, Cooke, Naomi, Coombs, George, Corredoira, Imanol, Corti, Gloria, Costa Sobral, Cayo Mar, Couturier, Benjamin, Craik, Daniel Charles, Crkovská, Jana, Cruz Torres, Melissa Maria, Currie, Robert, da Silva, Cesar Luiz, Dadabaev, Shakhzod, Dai, Lingyun, Dall'Occo, Elena, Dalseno, Jeremy, d'Ambrosio, Carmelo, Danilina, Anna, d'Argent, Philippe, Davies, Jonathan Edward, Davis, Adam, de Aguiar Francisco, Oscar, de Bruyn, Kristof, de Capua, Stefano, de Cian, Michel, de Miranda, Jussara, de Paula, Leandro, de Serio, Marilisa, de Simone, Dario, de Simone, Patrizia, de Vellis, Fabio, de Vries, Jacco, Dean, Cameron Thomas, Debernardis, Francesco, Decamp, Daniel, Dedu, Vlad-George, del Buono, Luigi, Delaney, Blaise, Dembinski, Hans Peter, Dendek, Adam, Denysenko, Vadym, Derkach, Denis, Deschamps, Olivier, Desse, Fabrice, Dettori, Francesco, Dey, Biplab, Di Cicco, Alessandro, Di Nezza, Pasquale, Didenko, Sergey, Dieste Maronas, Lorena, Dijkstra, Hans, Dobishuk, Vasyl, Dong, Chenzhi, Donohoe, Amanda May, Dordei, Francesca, dos Reis, Alberto, Douglas, Lauren, Dovbnya, Anatoliy, Downes, Anthony Gavin, Dudek, Maciej Wojciech, Dufour, Laurent, Duk, Viacheslav, Durante, Paolo, Durham, John Matthew, Dutta, Deepanwita, Dziurda, Agnieszka, Dzyuba, Alexey, Easo, Sajan, Egede, Ulrik, Egorychev, Victor, Eidelman, Semen, Eisenhardt, Stephan, Ek-In, Surapat, Eklund, Lars, Ely, Scott, Ene, Alexandru, Epple, Eliane, Escher, Stephan, Eschle, Jonas Nathanael, Esen, Sevda, Evans, Timothy, Falabella, Antonio, Fan, Jingzhou, Fan, Yanting, Fang, Bo, Farry, Stephen, Fazzini, Davide, Féo, Mauricio, Fernandez Prieto, Antonio, Fernez, Alex Daniel, Ferrari, Fabio, Ferreira Lopes, Lino, Ferreira Rodrigues, Fernando, Ferreres Sole, Silvia, Ferrillo, Martina, Ferro-Luzzi, Massimiliano, Filippov, Sergey, Fini, Rosa Anna, Fiorini, Massimiliano, Firlej, Miroslaw, Fischer, Kamil Leszek, Fischer, K.M., Fitzgerald, Dillon Scott, Fitzpatrick, Conor, Fiutowski, Tomasz, Fkiaras, Aristeidis, Fleuret, Frederic, Fontana, Marianna, Fontanelli, Flavio, Forty, Roger, Foulds-Holt, Daniel, Franco Lima, Vinicius, Franco Sevilla, Manuel, Frank, Markus, Franzoso, Edoardo, Frau, Giulia, Frei, Christoph, Friday, David Anthony, Fu, Jinlin, Fuehring, Quentin, Gabriel, Emmy, Galati, Giuliana, Gallas Torreira, Abraham, Galli, Domenico, Gambetta, Silvia, Gan, Yuyue, Gandelman, Miriam, Gandini, Paolo, Gao, Yuanning, Garau, Michela, Garcia Martin, Luis Miguel, Garcia Moreno, Paula, García Pardiñas, Julián, Garcia Plana, Beatriz, Garcia Rosales, Felipe Andres, Garrido, Lluis, Gaspar, Clara, Geertsema, Robbert Erik, Gerick, David, Gerken, Louis Lenard, Gersabeck, Evelina, Gersabeck, Marco, Gershon, Timothy, Gerstel, Dawid, Giambastiani, Luca, Gibson, Valerie, Giemza, Henryk Karol, Gilman, Alexander Leon, Giovannetti, Matteo, Gioventù, Alessandra, Gironella Gironell, Pere, Giubega, Lavinia-Helena, Giugliano, Carmen, Gizdov, Konstantin, Gkougkousis, Evangelos Leonidas, Gligorov, Vladimir, Göbel, Carla, Golobardes, Elisabet, Golubkov, Dmitry, Golutvin, Andrey, Gomes, Alvaro, Gomez Fernandez, Sergio, Goncalves Abrantes, Fernanda, Goncerz, Mateusz, Gong, Guanghua, Gorbounov, Petr, Gorelov, Igor Vladimirovich, Gotti, Claudio, Govorkova, Ekaterina, Grabowski, Jascha Peter, Grammatico, Thomas, Granado Cardoso, Luis Alberto, Graugés, Eugeni, Graverini, Elena, Graziani, Giacomo, Grecu, Alexandru, Greeven, Lex Marinus, Grieser, Nathan Allen, Grillo, Lucia, Gromov, Sergey, Gruberg Cazon, Barak Raimond, Gu, Chenxi, Guarise, Marco, Guittiere, Manuel, Günther, Paul Andre, Gushchin, Evgeny, Guth, Andreas, Guz, Yury, Gys, Thierry, Hadavizadeh, Thomas, Haefeli, Guido, Haen, Christophe, Haimberger, Jakob, Halewood-Leagas, Tabitha, Hamilton, Phoebe Meredith, Hammerich, Jan Patrick, Han, Qundong, Han, Xiaoxue, Hancock, Thomas Henry, Hansen, Eva Brottmann, Hansmann-Menzemer, Stephanie, Harnew, Neville, Harrison, Thomas, Hasse, Christoph, Hatch, Mark, He, Jibo, Hecker, Malte, Heijhoff, Kevin, Heinicke, Kevin, Hennequin, Arthur Marius, Hennessy, Karol, Henry, Louis, Heuel, Johannes, Hicheur, Adlène, Hill, Donal, Hilton, Martha, Hollitt, Sophie Elizabeth, Hou, Ruiwe, Hou, Yingrui, Hu, Jiangqiao, Hu, Jifeng, Hu, Wenhua, Hu, Xiaofan, Huang, Wenqian, Huang, Xiaotao, Hulsbergen, Wouter, Hunter, Ross John, Hushchyn, Mikhail, Hutchcroft, David, Hynds, Daniel, Ibis, Philipp, Idzik, Marek, Ilin, Dmitrii, Ilten, Philip, Inglessi, Alexander, Ishteev, Artur, Ivshin, Kuzma, Jacobsson, Richard, Jage, Hendrik, Jakobsen, Sune, Jans, Eddy, Jashal, Brij Kishor, Jawahery, Abolhassan, Jevtic, Vukan, Jiang, Feng, John, Malcolm, Johnson, Daniel, Jones, Christopher, Jones, Thomas Peter, Jost, Beat, Jurik, Nathan, Kalavan Kadavath, Sabin Hashmi, Kandybei, Sergii, Kang, Youen, Karacson, Matthias, Karpov, Maksim, Keizer, Floris, Keller, Dustin Michael, Kenzie, Matthew, Ketel, Tjeerd, Khanji, Basem, Kharisova, Anastasiia, Kholodenko, Sergei, Kirn, Thomas, Kirsebom, Veronica Soelund, Kitouni, Ouail, Klaver, Suzanne, Kleijne, Nico, Klimaszewski, Konrad, Kmiec, Mateusz Rafal, Koliiev, Serhii, Kondybayeva, Almagul, Konoplyannikov, Anatoly, Kopciewicz, Pawel, Kopecna, Renata, Koppenburg, Patrick, Korolev, Mikhail, Kostiuk, Igor, Kot, Oleksander, Kotriakhova, Sofia, Kravchenko, Polina, Kravchuk, Leonid, Krawczyk, Rafal Dominik, Kreps, Michal, Kress, Felix Johannes, Kretzschmar, Sophie Katharina, Krokovny, Pavel, Krupa, Wojciech, Krzemien, Wojciech, Kucharczyk, Marcin, Kudryavtsev, Vasily, Kuindersma, Hilbrand Steffen, Kunde, Gerd Joachim, Kvaratskheliya, Tengiz, Lacarrere, Daniel, Lafferty, George, Lai, Adriano, Lampis, Andrea, Lancierini, Davide, Lane, John Jake, Lane, Richard, Lanfranchi, Gaia, Langenbruch, Christoph, Langer, Jan, Lantwin, Oliver, Latham, Thomas, Lazzari, Federico, Le Gac, Renaud, Lee, Sook Hyun, Lefèvre, Regis, Leflat, Alexander, Legotin, Sergey, Leroy, Olivier, Lesiak, Tadeusz, Leverington, Blake, Li, Hengne, Li, Peilian, Li, Shiyang, Li, Yiming, Li, Yutong, Li, Zhuoming, Liang, Xixin, Lin, Tai-Hua, Lindner, Rolf, Lisovskyi, Vitalii, Litvinov, Roman, Liu, Guoming, Liu, Huanhuan, Liu, Qian, Liu, Shuaiyi, Lobo Salvia, Aniol, Loi, Angelo, Lomba Castro, Julian, Longstaff, Iain, Lopes, Jose, Lopez Solino, Saul, Lovell, George Holger, Lu, Yu, Lucarelli, Chiara, Lucchesi, Donatella, Luchuk, Stanislav, Lucio Martinez, Miriam, Lukashenko, Valeriia, Luo, Yiheng, Lupato, Anna, Luppi, Eleonora, Lupton, Oliver, Lusiani, Alberto, Lyu, Xiao-Rui, Ma, Lishuang, Ma, Ruiting, Maccolini, Serena, Machefert, Frederic, Maciuc, Florin, Macko, Vladimir, Mackowiak, Patrick, Maddrell-Mander, Samuel, Madejczyk, Olga, Madhan Mohan, Lakshan Ram, Maev, Oleg, Maevskiy, Artem, Maisuzenko, Dmitrii, Majewski, Maciej Witold, Malczewski, Jakub Jacek, Malde, Sneha, Malecki, Bartosz, Malinin, Alexander, Maltsev, Timofei, Malygina, Hanna, Manca, Giulia, Mancinelli, Giampiero, Manuzzi, Daniele, Marangotto, Daniele, Maratas, Jan, Marchand, Jean François, Marconi, Umberto, Mariani, Saverio, Marin Benito, Carla, Marinangeli, Matthieu, Marks, Jörg, Marshall, Alexander Mclean, Marshall, Phillip John, Martelli, Gabriele, Martellotti, Giuseppe, Martinazzoli, Loris, Martinelli, Maurizio, Martinez Santos, Diego, Martinez Vidal, Fernando, Massafferri, André, Materok, Marcel, Matev, Rosen, Mathad, Abhijit, Matiunin, Viacheslav, Matteuzzi, Clara, Mattioli, Kara Renee, Mauri, Andrea, Maurice, Emilie, Mauricio, Juan, Mazurek, Michal Kazimierz, Mccann, Michael, Mcconnell, Lucas, Mcgrath, Tamaki Holly, Mchugh, Niall Thomas, Mcnab, Andrew, Mcnulty, Ronan, Mead, James Vincent, Meadows, Brian, Meier, Gerwin, Meinert, Nis, Melnychuk, Dmytro, Meloni, Simone, Merk, Marcel, Merli, Andrea, Meyer Garcia, Lucas, Mikhasenko, Mikhail, Milanes, Diego Alejandro, Millard, Edward James, Milovanovic, Marko, Minard, Marie-Noelle, Minotti, Alessandro, Minzoni, Luca, Mitchell, Sara Elizabeth, Mitreska, Biljana, Mitzel, Dominik Stefan, Mödden, Antje, Mohammed, Rizwaan Adeeb, Moise, Razvan Daniel, Mokhnenko, Sergei, Mombächer, Titus, Monroy, Igancio Alberto, Monteil, Stephane, Morandin, Mauro, Morello, Gianfranco, Morello, Michael Joseph, Moron, Jakub, Morris, Adam Benjamin, Morris, Andrew George, Mountain, Raymond, Mu, Hongjie, Muheim, Franz, Mulder, Mick, Müller, Dominik, Müller, Katharina, Murphy, Colm Harold, Murray, Donal, Muzzetto, Piera, Naik, Paras, Nakada, Tatsuya, Nandakumar, Raja, Nanut, Tara, Nasteva, Irina, Needham, Matthew, Neri, Ilaria, Neri, Nicola, Neubert, Sebastian, Neufeld, Niko, Newcombe, Ryan, Niel, Elisabeth Maria, Nieswand, Simon, Nikitin, Nikolay, Nolte, Niklas Stefan, Normand, Camille, Nunez, Cynthia, Oblakowska-Mucha, Agnieszka, Obraztsov, Vladimir, Oeser, Thomas, O'Hanlon, Daniel Patrick, Okamura, Shinichi, Oldeman, Rudolf, Oliva, Federica, Olivares, Mario Edgardo, Onderwater, C.J. G., O'Neil, Ryunosuke Hugo, Otalora Goicochea, Juan Martin, Ovsiannikova, Tatiana, Owen, Patrick, Oyanguren, Maria Aranzazu, Padeken, Klaas Ole, Pagare, Bhagyashree, Pais, Preema Rennee, Pajero, Tommaso, Palano, Antimo, Palutan, Matteo, Pan, Yue, Panshin, Gennady, Papanestis, Antonios, Pappagallo, Marco, Pappalardo, Luciano, Pappenheimer, Cheryl, Parker, William, Parkes, Christopher, Passalacqua, Barbara, Passaleva, Giovanni, Pastore, Alessandra, Patel, Mitesh, Patrignani, Claudia, Pawley, Christopher James, Pearce, Alex, Pellegrino, Antonio, Pepe Altarelli, Monica, Perazzini, Stefano, Pereima, Dmitrii, Pereiro Castro, Asier, Perret, Pascal, Petric, Marko, Petridis, Konstantinos, Petrolini, Alessandro, Petrov, Aleksandr, Petrucci, Stefano, Petruzzo, Marco, Pham, Thi Thuy Hang, Philippov, Anton, Pica, Lorenzo, Piccini, Mauro, Pietrzyk, Boleslaw, Pietrzyk, Guillaume, Pili, Martina, Pinci, Davide, Pisani, Flavio, Pizzichemi, Marco, Resmi, P.K., Placinta, Vlad-Mihai, Plews, Jonathan, Plo Casasus, Maximo, Polci, Francesco, Poli Lener, Marco, Poliakova, Mariia, Poluektov, Anton, Polukhina, Natalia, Polyakov, Ivan, Polycarpo, Erica, Ponce, Sebastien, Popov, Dmitry, Popov, Sergei, Poslavskii, Stanislav, Prasanth, Kodassery, Promberger, Laura, Prouve, Claire, Pugatch, Valery, Puill, Veronique, Pullen, Hannah Louise, Punzi, Giovanni, Qi, Hongrong, Qian, Wenbin, Qin, Jia-Jia, Qin, Ning, Quagliani, Renato, Quintana, Boris, Raab, Naomi Veronika, Rabadan Trejo, Raul Iraq, Rachwal, Bartlomiej, Rademacker, Jonas, Rama, Matteo, Ramos Pernas, Miguel, Rangel, Murilo, Ratnikov, Fedor, Raven, Gerhard, Reboud, Meril, Redi, Federico, Reiss, Florian, Remon Alepuz, Clara, Ren, Zan, Renaudin, Victor, Ribatti, Roberto, Ricciardi, Stefania, Rinnert, Kurt, Robbe, Patrick, Robertson, Gary, Rodrigues, Ana Barbara, Rodrigues, Eduardo, Rodriguez Lopez, Jairo Alexis, Rodriguez Rodriguez, E.R. R., Rollings, Alexandra Paige, Roloff, Philipp, Romanovskiy, Vladimir, Romero Lamas, Marcos, Romero Vidal, Antonio, Roth, Jordan Daniel, Rotondo, Marcello, Rudolph, Matthew Scott, Ruf, Thomas, Ruiz Fernandez, Ramon Angel, Ruiz Vidal, Joan, Ryzhikov, Artem, Ryzka, Jakub, Saborido Silva, Juan Jose, Sagidova, Naylya, Sahoo, Niladribihari, Saitta, Biagio, Salomoni, Matteo, Sanchez Gras, Cristina, Santacesaria, Roberta, Santamarina Rios, Cibran, Santimaria, Marco, Santovetti, Emanuele, Saranin, Danila, Sarpis, Gediminas, Sarpis, Minaugas, Sarti, Alessio, Satriano, Celestina, Satta, Alessia, Saur, Miroslav, Savrina, Darya, Sazak, Halime, Scantlebury Smead, Luke George, Scarabotto, Alessandro, Schael, Stefan, Scherl, Sigrid, Schiller, Manuel, Schindler, Heinrich, Schmelling, Michael, Schmidt, Burkhard, Schmitt, Sebastian, Schneider, Olivier, Schopper, Andreas, Schubiger, Maxime, Schulte, Sebastian, Schune, Marie Helene, Schwemmer, Rainer, Sciascia, Barbara, Sellam, Sara, Semennikov, Alexander, Senghi Soares, Mara, Sergi, Antonino, Serra, Nicola, Sestini, Lorenzo, Seuthe, Alex, Shang, Yiduo, Shangase, Desmond Mzamo, Shapkin, Mikhail, Shchemerov, Ivan, Shchutska, Lesya, Shears, Tara, Shekhtman, Lev, Shen, Zhihong, Shevchenko, Vladimir, Shields, Edward Brendan, Shimizu, Yuya, Shmanin, Evgenii, Shupperd, Joseph David, Siddi, Benedetto Gianluca, Silva Coutinho, Rafael, Simi, Gabriele, Simone, Saverio, Skidmore, Nicola, Skwarnicki, Tomasz, Slater, Mark, Slazyk, Igor, Smallwood, Jennifer Clare, Smeaton, John Gordon, Smetkina, Anastasia, Smith, Eluned, Smith, Mark, Snoch, Aleksandra, Soares, Marcelo, Soares Lavra, Lais, Sokoloff, Michael, Soler, F.J. P., Solovev, Aleksandr, Solovyev, Ivan, Souza de Almeida, Felipe Luan, Souza de Paula, Bruno, Spaan, Bernhard, Spadaro Norella, Elisabetta, Spradlin, Patrick, Stagni, Federico, Stahl, Marian, Stahl, Sascha, Stanislaus, Seophine, Steinkamp, Olaf, Stenyakin, Oleg, Stevens, Holger, Stone, Sheldon, Straticiuc, Mihai, Strekalina, Daria, Suljik, Fidan, Sun, Jiayin, Sun, Liang, Sun, Yipeng, Svihra, Peter, Swallow, Paul Nathaniel, Swientek, Krzysztof, Szabelski, Adam, Szumlak, Tomasz, Szymanski, Maciej Pawel, Taneja, Shantam, Tanner, Alastair Roger, Tat, Martin Duy, Terentev, Aleksandr, Teubert, Frederic, Thomas, Eric, Thompson, Daniel James David, Thomson, Kayleigh Anne, Tisserand, Vincent, t'Jampens, Stephane, Tobin, Mark, Tomassetti, Luca, Tong, Xingyu, Torres Machado, Diego, Tou, da Yu, Trifonova, Ekaterina, Trippl, Carina, Tuci, Giulia, Tully, Alison, Tuning, Niels, Ukleja, Artur, Unverzagt, Daniel Joachim, Ursov, Eduard, Usachov, Andrii, Ustyuzhanin, Andrey, Uwer, Ulrich, Vagner, Alexander, Vagnoni, Vincenzo, Valassi, Andrea, Valenti, Giovanni, Valls Canudas, Nuria, van Beuzekom, Martinus, van Dijk, Maarten, van Hecke, Hubert, van Herwijnen, Eric, van Hulse, Charlotte Barbara, van Veghel, Maarten, Vazquez Gomez, Ricardo, Vazquez Regueiro, Pablo, Vázquez Sierra, Carlos, Vecchi, Stefania, Velthuis, Jaap, Veltri, Michele, Venkateswaran, Aravindhan, Veronesi, Michele, Vesterinen, Mika, Vieira, Daniel, Vieites Diaz, Maria, Viemann, Harald, Vilasis-Cardona, Xavier, Vilella Figueras, Eva, Villa, Andrea, Vincent, Pascal, Volle, Felicia Carolin, Vom Bruch, Dorothea, Vorobyev, Alexey, Vorobyev, Vitaly, Voropaev, Nikolai, Vos, Kimberley, Waldi, Roland, Walsh, John, Wang, Chishuai, Wang, Jialu, Wang, Jianchun, Wang, Jianqiao, Wang, Jike, Wang, Mengzhen, Wang, Rui, Wang, Yilong, Wang, Zhenzi, Wang, Zirui, Wang, Ziyi, Ward, Jake Alexander, Watson, Nigel, Weber, Steffen Georg, Websdale, David, Weisser, Constantin, Westhenry, Benedict Donald C., White, Dylan Jaide, Whitehead, Mark, Wiederhold, Aidan Richard, Wiedner, Dirk, Wilkinson, Guy, Wilkinson, Michael, Williams, Ifan, Williams, Mike, Williams, Mark Richard James, Wilson, Fergus, Wislicki, Wojciech, Witek, Mariusz, Witola, Lukas, Wormser, Guy, Wotton, Stephen, Wu, Hangyi, Wyllie, Kenneth, Xiang, Zhiyu, Xiao, Dong, Xie, Yuehong, Xu, Ao, Xu, Jingyi, Xu, Li, Xu, Menglin, Xu, Qingnian, Xu, Zehua, Xu, Zhihao, Yang, Di, Yang, Shuangli, Yang, Youhua, Yang, Zhenwei, Yang, Zishuo, Yao, Yuezhe, Yeomans, Lauren Emma, Yin, Hang, Yu, Jiesheng, Yuan, Xuhao, Yushchenko, Oleg, Zaffaroni, Ettore, Zavertyaev, Mikhail, Zdybal, Milosz, Zenaiev, Oleksandr, Zeng, Ming, Zhang, Dongliang, Zhang, Liming, Zhang, Shulei, Zhang, Shunan, Zhang, Yanxi, Zhang, Yu, Zharkova, Alina, Zhelezov, Alexey, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhou, Tianwen, Zhou, Xiaokang, Zhou, Yixiong, Zhovkovska, Valeriia, Zhu, Xianglei, Zhu, Xiaoyu, Zhu, Zhanwen, Zhukov, Valery, Zonneveld, Jennifer Brigitta, Zou, Quan, Zucchelli, Stefano, Zuliani, Davide, Zunica, Gianluca, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LHCb, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Gallego, F. J. Abudinen, Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Aiola, S., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Alfonso Albero, A., Aliouche, Z., Alkhazov, G., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Archilli, F., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Baladron Rodriguez, P., Balagura, V, Baldini, W., Leite, J. Baptista, Barbetti, M., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I, Beiter, A., Belavin, V, Belin, S., Bellee, V, Belous, K., Belov, I, Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia, Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Bjorn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Boelhauve, J. A., Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Boldyrev, A., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J., V, Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Brea Rodriguez, A., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brundu, D., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Diaz, L. Calero, Cali, S., Calladine, R., Calvi, M., Calvo Gomez, M., Magalhaes, P. Camargo, Campana, P., Quezada, A. F. Compoverde, Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carli, I, Carniti, P., Carus, L., Akiba, K. Carvalho, Casais Vidal, A., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Celani, S., Cerasoli, J., Cervenkov, D., Chadwick, A. J., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph, Chatzikonstantinidis, G., Barajas, C. A. Chavez, Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chernov, A., Chobanova, V, Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V, Ciambrone, P., Cicala, M. F., Cid Vidal, X., Ciezarek, G., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H., Closier, J., Cobbledick, J. L., Coco, V, Coelho, J. A. B., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Coombs, G., Corredoira, I, Corti, G., Sobral, C. M. Costa, Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Crkovska, J., Torres, M. Cruz, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Danilina, A., D'Argent, P., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, D., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., De Vries, J. A., Dean, C. T., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Dedu, V, Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H-P, Dendek, A., Denysenko, V, Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Desse, F., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Cicco, A., Di Nezza, P., Didenko, S., Dieste Maronas, L., Dijkstra, H., Dobishuk, V, Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Dos Reis, A. C., Douglas, L., Dovbnya, A., Downes, A. G., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V, Durante, P., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V, Eidelman, S., Eisenhardt, S., Ek-In, S., Eklund, L., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Escher, S., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Falabella, A., Fan, J., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Feo, M., Fernandez Prieto, A., Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Lopes, L. Ferreira, Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Sole, S. Ferrere, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. M., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fkiaras, A., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Fuehring, Q., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Gallas Torreira, A., Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Garcia Martin, L. M., Garcia Moreno, P., Garcia Pardinas, J., Garcia Plana, B., Garcia Rosales, F. A., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Geertsema, R. E., Gerick, D., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gerstel, D., Giambastiani, L., Gibson, V, Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventu, A., Gironella Gironell, P., Giubega, L., Giugliano, C., Gizdov, K., Gkougkousis, E. L., Gligorov, V. V., Gobel, C., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Gomez Fernandez, S., Goncalves Abrantes, F., Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gorbounov, P., Gorelov, I., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Grammatico, T., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Grauges, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Cazon, B. R. Gruberg, Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guittiere, M., Gunther, P. A., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Hadavizadeh, T., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Halewood-Leagas, T., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J. P., Han, Q., Han, X., Hancock, T. H., Hansen, E. B., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Hecker, M., Heijhoff, K., Heinicke, K., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hollitt, S. E., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Huang, X., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V, Jiang, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Kadavath, S. H. Kalavan, Kandybei, S., Kang, Y., Karacson, M., Karpov, M., Keizer, F., Keller, D. M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I, Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kress, F., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V, Kuindersma, H. S., Kunde, G. J., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Le Gac, R., Lee, S. H., Lefevre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, H., Li, P., Li, S., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V, Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Lobo Salvia, A., Loi, A., Lomba Castro, J., Longstaff, I, Lopes, J. H., Lopez Solino, S., Lovell, G. H., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V, Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lyu, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Macko, V, Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Madejczyk, O., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Maev, O., Maevskiy, A., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Malygina, H., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Maratas, J., Marchand, J. F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Benito, C. 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H., Murray, D., Muzzetto, P., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I, Needham, M., Neri, I, Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Newcombe, R., Niel, E. M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Nunez, C., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V, Oeser, T., O'Hanlon, D. P., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olivares, M. E., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Otalora Goicochea, J. M., Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pawley, C. J., Pearce, A., Pellegrino, A., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Periero Castro, A., Perret, P., Petric, M., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrov, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, T. T. 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Subjects
13000 GeV-cms, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), charm: 2, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Subatomic Physics, Quark model, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Physic, Charm (quantum number), Nuclear Experiment, Spectroscopy, resonance: mass, Settore FIS/01, Physics, BARYONS, 8000 GeV-cms, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, mass spectrum: (2D0 pi+), resonance: exotic, MULTIQUARK HADRONS, Quarkonium, narrow resonances, CERN LHC Coll, Hadron collider, 7000 GeV-cms, LHC, narrow resonance, Particle Physics - Experiment, Particles and field, Quark, Particle physics, p p: scattering, Meson, Exotic meson, mass: threshold, FOS: Physical sciences, Charm quark, Particle and resonance production, matter: hadronic, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, tetraquark, LHC-B, HEP, Baryon, MODEL, LHCb, STATES, Tetra Quark, narrow resonances, Tetra Quark, Tetraquark, High Energy Physics::Experiment, p p: colliding beams, resonance: production, experimental results
Abstract

Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. The observation of a new type of hadronic state, a doubly charmed tetraquark containing two charm quarks, an anti-$u$ and an anti-$d$ quark, is reported using data collected by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. This exotic state with a mass of about 3875 MeV$/c^2$ manifests itself as a narrow peak in the mass spectrum of $D^0D^0\pi^+$ mesons just below the $D^{*+}D^0$ mass threshold. The near threshold mass together with a strikingly narrow width reveals the resonance nature of the state., Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure; All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2021-031.html (LHCb public pages)

Published
2022

37. Observation of Two New Excited Ξb0 States Decaying to Λb0 K-π+

Author

Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Abellán Beteta, C., Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Aiola, S., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Alfonso Albero, A., Aliouche, Z., Alkhazov, G., Alvarez Cartelle, P., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Archilli, F., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Arzymatov, K., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Baladron Rodriguez, P., Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Baptista Leite, J., Barbetti, M., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I., Beiter, A., Belavin, V., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Bifani, S., Billoir, P., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Bjørn, M., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Boelhauve, J. A., Boente Garcia, O., Boettcher, T., Boldyrev, A., Bondar, A., Bondar, N., Borghi, S., Borisyak, M., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Brea Rodriguez, A., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Brossa Gonzalo, A., Brundu, D., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Calero Diaz, L., Cali, S., Calladine, R., Calvi, M., Calvo Gomez, M., Camargo Magalhaes, P., Campana, P., Campoverde Quezada, A. F., Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Carbone, A., Carboni, G., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carli, I., Carniti, P., Carus, L., Carvalho Akiba, K., Casais Vidal, A., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Celani, S., Cerasoli, J., Cervenkov, D., Chadwick, A. J., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzikonstantinidis, G., Chavez Barajas, C. A., Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chernov, A., Chobanova, V., Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Cicala, M. F., Cid Vidal, X., Ciezarek, G., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Cobbledick, J. L., Coco, V., Coelho, J. A. B., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Coombs, G., Corredoira, I., Corti, G., Costa Sobral, C. M., Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Crkovská, J., Cruz Torres, M., Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., De Aguiar Francisco, O., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, D., De Simone, P., de Vries, J. A., Dean, C. T., Decamp, D., Dedu, V., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Dendek, A., Denysenko, V., Derkach, D., Deschamps, O., Desse, F., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Cicco, A., Di Nezza, P., Didenko, S., Dieste Maronas, L., Dijkstra, H., Dobishuk, V., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., dos Reis, A. C., Douglas, L., Dovbnya, A., Downes, A. G., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Durante, P., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Eidelman, S., Eisenhardt, S., Ek-In, S., Eklund, L., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Escher, S., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Falabella, A., Fan, J., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Féo, M., Fernandez Prieto, A., Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Ferreira Lopes, L., Ferreira Rodrigues, F., Ferreres Sole, S., Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. M., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fkiaras, A., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Franco Lima, V., Franco Sevilla, M., Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Fuehring, Q., Gabriel, E., Gallas Torreira, A., Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Garcia Martin, L. M., Garcia Moreno, P., García Pardiñas, J., Garcia Plana, B., Garcia Rosales, F. A., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Geertsema, R. E., Gerick, D., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Gerstel, D., Ghez, Ph., Giambastiani, L., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Gironella Gironell, P., Giubega, L., Giugliano, C., Gizdov, K., Gkougkousis, E. L., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Gomez Fernandez, S., Goncalves Abrantes, F., Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gorbounov, P., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Grammatico, T., Granado Cardoso, L. A., Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gruberg Cazon, B. R., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guittiere, M., Günther, P. A., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Hadavizadeh, T., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Halewood-leagas, T., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J. P., Han, Q., Han, X., Hancock, T. H., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Hecker, M., Heijhoff, K., Heinicke, K., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hollitt, S. E., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Huang, X., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V., Jiang, F., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Kalavan Kadavath, S. H., Kandybei, S., Kang, Y., Karacson, M., Karpov, M., Keizer, F., Keller, D. M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kress, F., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kucewicz, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuindersma, H. S., Kunde, G. J., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Le Gac, R., Lee, S. H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, H., Li, P., Li, S., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Lobo Salvia, A., Loi, A., Lomba Castro, J., Longstaff, I., Lopes, J. H., Lopez Solino, S., Lovell, G. H., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Lucio Martinez, M., Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lyu, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Macko, V., Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Madejczyk, O., Madhan Mohan, L. R., Maev, O., Maevskiy, A., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Malygina, H., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Maratas, J., Marchand, J. F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Marin Benito, C., Marinangeli, M., Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Marshall, P. J., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Martinez Santos, D., Martinez Vidal, F., Massafferri, A., Materok, M., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Mathe, Z., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., Mcgrath, T. H., Mchugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Mead, J. V., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Meinert, N., Melnychuk, D., Meloni, S., Merk, M., Merli, A., Meyer Garcia, L., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Millard, E., Milovanovic, M., Minard, M. -N., Minotti, A., Minzoni, L., Mitchell, S. E., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Mödden, A., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mombächer, T., Monroy, I. A., Monteil, S., Morandin, M., Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Moron, J., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, D., Müller, K., Murphy, C. H., Murray, D., Muzzetto, P., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, I., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Newcombe, R., Nguyen, T. D., Nguyen-Mau, C., Niel, E. M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Nunez, C., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., O'Hanlon, D. P., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olivares, M. E., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Ossowska, A., Otalora Goicochea, J. M., Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pawley, C. J., Pearce, A., Pellegrino, A., Pepe Altarelli, M., Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Pereiro Castro, A., Perret, P., Petric, M., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrov, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, T. T. H., Philippov, A., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pili, M., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., K, Resmi P., Placinta, V., Plews, J., Plo Casasus, M., Polci, F., Poli Lener, M., Poliakova, M., Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Popov, S., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Promberger, L., Prouve, C., Pugatch, V., Puill, V., Pullen, H., Punzi, G., Qi, H., Qian, W., Qin, J., Qin, N., Quagliani, R., Quintana, B., Raab, N. V., Rabadan Trejo, R. I., Rachwal, B., Rademacker, J. H., Rama, M., Ramos Pernas, M., Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., Reboud, M., Redi, F., Reiss, F., Remon Alepuz, C., Ren, Z., Renaudin, V., Ribatti, R., Ricciardi, S., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, A. B., Rodrigues, E., Rodriguez Lopez, J. A., Rodriguez Rodriguez, E. R. R., Rollings, A., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Romero Lamas, M., Romero Vidal, A., Roth, J. D., Rotondo, M., Rudolph, M. S., Ruf, T., Ruiz Fernandez, R. A., Ruiz Vidal, J., Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Saborido Silva, J. J., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Sanchez Gras, C., Santacesaria, R., Santamarina Rios, C., Santimaria, M., Santovetti, E., Saranin, D., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Sarti, A., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Scantlebury Smead, L. G., Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schubiger, M., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Sciascia, B., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senghi Soares, M., Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. 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A., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tong, X., Torres Machado, D., Tou, D. Y., Tran, M. T., Trifonova, E., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tully, A., Tuning, N., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Ursov, E., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagner, A., Vagnoni, V., Valassi, A., Valenti, G., Valls Canudas, N., van Beuzekom, M., Van Dijk, M., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., van Veghel, M., Vazquez Gomez, R., Vazquez Regueiro, P., Vázquez Sierra, C., Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Veronesi, M., Vesterinen, M., Vieira, D., Vieites Diaz, M., Viemann, H., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Vilella Figueras, E., Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F. C., Vom Bruch, D., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, V., Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Waldi, R., Walsh, J., Wang, C., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Watson, N. K., Weber, S. G., Websdale, D., Weisser, C., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, D. J., Whitehead, M., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M., Williams, I., Williams, M., Williams, M. R. J., Wilson, F. F., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wu, H., Wyllie, K., Xiang, Z., Xiao, D., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Q., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yao, Y., Yeomans, L. E., Yin, H., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Yushchenko, O., Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenaiev, O., Zeng, M., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zhukov, V., Zonneveld, J. B., Zou, Q., Zucchelli, S., Zuliani, D., Zunica, G., Aaij, R, Abdelmotteleb, A, Abellan Beteta, C, Ackernley, T, Adeva, B, Adinolfi, M, Afsharnia, H, Agapopoulou, C, Aidala, C, Aiola, S, Ajaltouni, Z, Akar, S, Albrecht, J, Alessio, F, Alexander, M, Alfonso Albero, A, Aliouche, Z, Alkhazov, G, Alvarez Cartelle, P, Amato, S, Amey, J, Amhis, Y, An, L, Anderlini, L, Andreianov, A, Andreotti, M, Archilli, F, Artamonov, A, Artuso, M, Arzymatov, K, Aslanides, E, Atzeni, M, Audurier, B, Bachmann, S, Bachmayer, M, Back, J, Baladron Rodriguez, P, Balagura, V, Baldini, W, Baptista Leite, J, Barbetti, M, Barlow, R, Barsuk, S, Barter, W, Bartolini, M, Baryshnikov, F, Basels, J, Bashir, S, Bassi, G, Batsukh, B, Battig, A, Bay, A, Beck, A, Becker, M, Bedeschi, F, Bediaga, I, Beiter, A, Belavin, V, Belin, S, Bellee, V, Belous, K, Belov, I, Belyaev, I, Bencivenni, G, Ben-Haim, E, Berezhnoy, A, Bernet, R, Berninghoff, D, Bernstein, H, Bertella, C, Bertolin, A, Betancourt, C, Betti, F, Bezshyiko, I, 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O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M.R., Koliiev, S., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R.D., Kreps, M., Kress, F., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kucewicz, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuindersma, H.S., Kunde, G.J., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Lane, J.J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Le Gac, R., Lee, S.H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, H., Li, P., Li, S., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Lobo Salvia, A., Loi, A., Lomba Castro, J., Longstaff, I., Lopes, J.H., Lopez Solino, S., Lovell, G.H., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Lucio Martinez, M., Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lyu, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Macko, V., Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Madejczyk, O., Madhan Mohan, L.R., Maev, O., Maevskiy, A., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M.W., Malczewski, J.J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Malygina, H., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Maratas, J., Marchand, J.F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Marin Benito, C., Marinangeli, M., Marks, J., Marshall, A.M., Marshall, P.J., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Martinez Santos, D., Martinez Vidal, F., Massafferri, A., Materok, M., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Mathe, Z., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K.R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., Mcgrath, T.H., Mchugh, N.T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Mead, J.V., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Meinert, N., Melnychuk, D., Meloni, S., Merk, M., Merli, A., Meyer Garcia, L., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D.A., Millard, E., Milovanovic, M., Minard, M.-N., Minotti, A., Minzoni, L., Mitchell, S.E., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D.S., Mödden, A., Mohammed, R.A., Moise, R.D., Mombächer, T., Monroy, I.A., Monteil, S., Morandin, M., Morello, G., Morello, M.J., Moron, J., Morris, A.B., Morris, A.G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, D., Müller, K., Murphy, C.H., Murray, D., Muzzetto, P., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, I., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Newcombe, R., Nguyen, T.D., Nguyen-Mau, C., Niel, E.M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N.S., Normand, C., Nunez, C., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., O'Hanlon, D.P., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olivares, M.E., Onderwater, C.J.G., O'Neil, R.H., Ossowska, A., Otalora Goicochea, J.M., Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Padeken, K.O., Pagare, B., Pais, P.R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L.L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pawley, C.J., Pearce, A., Pellegrino, A., Pepe Altarelli, M., Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Pereiro Castro, A., Perret, P., Petric, M., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrov, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, T.T.H., Philippov, A., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pili, M., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., K, Resmi P., Placinta, V., Plews, J., Plo Casasus, M., Polci, F., Poli Lener, M., Poliakova, M., Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Popov, S., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Promberger, L., Prouve, C., Pugatch, V., Puill, V., Pullen, H., Punzi, G., Qi, H., Qian, W., Qin, J., Qin, N., Quagliani, R., Quintana, B., Raab, N.V., Rabadan Trejo, R.I., Rachwal, B., Rademacker, J.H., Rama, M., Ramos Pernas, M., Rangel, M.S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., Reboud, M., Redi, F., Reiss, F., Remon Alepuz, C., Ren, Z., Renaudin, V., Ribatti, R., Ricciardi, S., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, A.B., Rodrigues, E., Rodriguez Lopez, J.A., Rodriguez Rodriguez, E.R.R., Rollings, A., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Romero Lamas, M., Romero Vidal, A., Roth, J.D., Rotondo, M., Rudolph, M.S., Ruf, T., Ruiz Fernandez, R.A., Ruiz Vidal, J., Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Saborido Silva, J.J., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Sanchez Gras, C., Santacesaria, R., Santamarina Rios, C., Santimaria, M., Santovetti, E., Saranin, D., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Sarti, A., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Scantlebury Smead, L.G., Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schubiger, M., Schulte, S., Schune, M.H., Schwemmer, R., Sciascia, B., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senghi Soares, M., Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D.M., Shapkin, M., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Shevchenko, V., Shields, E.B., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shupperd, J.D., Siddi, B.G., Silva Coutinho, R., Simi, G., Simone, S., Skidmore, N., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M.W., Slazyk, I., Smallwood, J.C., Smeaton, J.G., Smetkina, A., Smith, E., Smith, M., Snoch, A., Soares, M., Soares Lavra, L., Sokoloff, M.D., Soler, F.J.P., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Souza De Almeida, F.L., Souza De Paula, B., Spaan, B., Spadaro Norella, E., Spradlin, P., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Stone, S., Straticiuc, M., Strekalina, D., Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sun, Y., Svihra, P., Swallow, P.N., Swientek, K., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Szymanski, M., Taneja, S., Tanner, A.R., Tat, M.D., Terentev, A., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D.J.D., Thomson, K.A., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tong, X., Torres Machado, D., Tou, D.Y., Tran, M.T., Trifonova, E., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tully, A., Tuning, N., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D.J., Ursov, E., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagner, A., Vagnoni, V., Valassi, A., Valenti, G., Valls Canudas, N., van Beuzekom, M., Van Dijk, M., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C.B., van Veghel, M., Vazquez Gomez, R., Vazquez Regueiro, P., Vázquez Sierra, C., Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J.J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Veronesi, M., Vesterinen, M., Vieira, D., Vieites Diaz, M., Viemann, H., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Vilella Figueras, E., Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F.C., Vom Bruch, D., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, V., Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Waldi, R., Walsh, J., Wang, C., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Ward, J.A., Watson, N.K., Weber, S.G., Websdale, D., Weisser, C., Westhenry, B.D.C., White, D.J., Whitehead, M., Wiederhold, A.R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M., Williams, I., Williams, M., Williams, M.R.J., Wilson, F.F., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wormser, G., Wotton, S.A., Wu, H., Wyllie, K., Xiang, Z., Xiao, D., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Q., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yao, Y., Yeomans, L.E., Yin, H., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Yushchenko, O., Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenaiev, O., Zeng, M., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zhukov, V., Zonneveld, J.B., Zou, Q., Zucchelli, S., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.

Subjects
Particles and field, Bottom Baryon, Quark Model, HEP, Flavor Physic, LHCb, hadrons, bottom baryons, Quantum Chromodynamic, Hadron Collider, Strong Interaction, Physic, Ma, mass, LHC, bottom baryons, mass, hadrons, Particle production, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Two narrow resonant states are observed in the Λ_{b}^{0}K^{-}π^{+} mass spectrum using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb^{-1}. The minimal quark content of the Λ_{b}^{0}K^{-}π^{+} system indicates that these are excited Ξ_{b}^{0} baryons. The masses of the Ξ_{b}(6327)^{0} and Ξ_{b}(6333)^{0} states are m[Ξ_{b}(6327)^{0}]=6327.28_{-0.21}^{+0.23}±0.12±0.24 and m[Ξ_{b}(6333)^{0}]=6332.69_{-0.18}^{+0.17}±0.03±0.22 MeV, respectively, with a mass splitting of Δm=5.41_{-0.27}^{+0.26}±0.12 MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the Λ_{b}^{0} mass measurement. The measured natural widths of these states are consistent with zero, with upper limits of Γ[Ξ_{b}(6327)^{0}]2.20(2.56) and Γ[Ξ_{b}(6333)^{0}]1.60(1.92) MeV at a 90% (95%) credibility level. The significance of the two-peak hypothesis is larger than nine (five) Gaussian standard deviations compared to the no-peak (one-peak) hypothesis. The masses, widths, and resonant structure of the new states are in good agreement with the expectations for a doublet of 1D Ξ_{b}^{0} resonances.

Published
2022

38. The Role of the Hidden Color Channel in Some Interesting Dibaryon Candidates

Author

Lianrong Dai, Yuhang Wang, Langning Chen, and Tiange Zhang

Subjects
quark model, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Chemistry (miscellaneous), General Mathematics, resonating group method, Computer Science (miscellaneous), hidden color channel, chiral Lagrangian, dibaryon
Abstract

Nowadays, exploring dibaryon candidates has attracted much attention, both theoretically and experimentally. It is important to find a reasonable model to predict the possible dibaryon candidates. The chiral SU(3) quark model is just one of the most successful models, with which we can reasonably explain the experimental binding energies of baryon’s ground state and the properties of deuteron, NN and YN scattering processes. By utilizing the same set of model parameters, we predicted the nonstrange d* dibaryon with a binding energy of 84MeV, which is consistent with a recent experiment in which we also found that the hidden color (CC) channel plays an important role in forming this bound state. Due to the theoretical investigation of the CC channel being scarce for dibaryons, we explore other possible and interesting dibaryon candidates in the present work. According to the symmetry properties, we chose six interesting candidates, including strangeness 0,−1,−5,−6 systems. All the hidden color wave functions were built, and the spin-flavor-color matrix elements were systematically evaluated. Then, we applied these obtained matrix elements to further dynamically solve the corresponding resonating group method’s equation in a coupled-channel calculation. The results show that the coupling to the CC channel plays an significant role in forming each spin S = 3 state, where tensor coupling is also included and has an obvious effect in forming each S = 0 state. The present work is significant in helping us to acquire deeper understanding of the effects of the hidden color channel and QCD phenomenology.

Published
2023

39. Radiative transitions of charmonium states in the covariant confined quark model

Author

Mikhail A. Ivanov, Thomas Gutsche, Gurjav Ganbold, and V. E. Lyubovitskij

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Renormalization, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Particle physics, Quark model, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Space (mathematics), Lambda, Deconfinement, Helicity
Abstract

We have studied the dominant radiative transitions of the charmonium $S$-and $P$-wave states within the covariant confined quark model. The gauge invariant leading-order transition amplitudes have been expressed by using either the conventional Lorentz structures, or the helicity amplitudes, where it was effective. The renormalization couplings of the charmonium states have been strictly fixed by the compositeness conditions that excludes the constituent degrees of freedom from the space of physical states. We use the basic model parameters for the constituent c-quark mass $m_c=1.80$ GeV and the global infrared cutoff $\lambda=0.181$ GeV. We additionally introduce only one adjustable parameter $\varrho>0$ common for the charmonium states $\eta_c({}^1\!S_0)$, $J/\psi({}^3\!S_1)$, $\chi_{c0}({^{3}}\!P_{0})$, $\chi_{c1}({^{3}}\!P_{1})$, $h_c({^{1}}\!P_{1})$, and $\chi_{c2}({^{3}}\!P_{2})$ to describe the quark distribution inside the hadron. This parameter describes the ratio between the charmonium size and its physical mass. The optimal value $\varrho=0.485$ has been fixed by fitting the latest data for the partial widths of the one-photon radiative decays of the triplet $\chi_{cJ}({^{3}}\!P_{J}), J=\{0,1,2\}$. Then, we calculate corresponding fractional widths for states $J/\psi({}^3\!S_1)$ and $h_c({^{1}}\!P_{1})$. Estimated results are in good agreement with the latest data. By using the fraction data from PDG2020 and our estimated partial decay width for $h_c({^{1}}\!P_{1})$ we recalculate the theoretical full width $\Gamma^{\rm theor}_{h_c} \simeq (0.57 \pm 0.12)$ MeV in comparison with latest data $\Gamma^{\rm exp}_{h_c} \simeq (0.7\pm 0.4)$ MeV. We also repeated our calculations by gradually decreasing the global cutoff parameter and revealed that the results do not change for any $\lambda, Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

40. Doubly heavy tetraquark resonant states

Author

Masayasu Harada, Emiko Hiyama, Qi Meng, Atsushi Hosaka, and Makoto Oka

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, QC1-999, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Resonant states, Constituent quark, FOS: Physical sciences, Few-body problem, Baryon, Diquark, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Variational method, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Excited state, Bound state, Quark model, Tetraquark, Doubly heavy tetraquark, Atomic physics
Abstract

Spectrum of the doubly heavy tetraquarks, bbq¯q¯, is studied in a constituent quark model. Four-body problem is solved in a variational method where the real scaling technique is used to identify resonant states above the fall-apart decay thresholds. In addition to the two bound states that were reported in the previous study we have found several narrow resonant states above the BB⁎ and B⁎B⁎ thresholds. Their structures are studied and are interpreted by the quark dynamics. A narrow resonance with spin-parity JP=1+ is found to be a mixed state of a compact tetraquark and a B⁎B⁎ scattering state. This is driven by a strong color Coulombic attraction between the bb quarks. Negative-parity excited resonances with JP=0−, 1− and 2− form a triplet under the heavy-quark spin symmetry. It turns out that they share a similar structure to the λ-mode of a singly heavy baryon as a result of the strongly attractive correlation for the doubly heavy diquark.

Published
2021

42. Hidden-charm tetraquarks with strangeness in the chiral quark model

Author

Jialun Ping, Gang Yang, and Jorge Segovia

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Strangeness, Quantum number, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics - Lattice, Bound state, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Tetraquark, Charm (quantum number), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The hidden-charm tetraquarks with strangeness, $c\bar{c}s\bar{q}$ $(q=u,\,d)$, in $J^P=0^+$, $1^+$ and $2^+$ are systematically investigated in the framework of real- and complex-scaling range of a chiral quark model, whose parameters have been fixed in advance describing hadron, hadron-hadron and multiquark phenomenology. Each tetraquark configuration, compatible with the quantum numbers studied, is taken into account; this includes meson-meson, diquark-antidiquark and K-type arrangements of quarks with all possible color wave functions in four-body sector. Among the different numerical techniques to solve the Schr\"odinger-like 4-body bound state equation, we use a variational method in which the trial wave function is expanded in complex-range Gaussian basis functions, which is characterized by its simplicity and flexibility. This theoretical framework has already been used to study different kinds of multiquark systems, such as the hidden-charm pentaquarks, $P^+_c$, and doubly-charmed tetraquarks, $T^+_{cc}$. The recently reported $Z_{cs}$ states by the BESIII and LHCb collaborations are generally compatible with either compact tetraquark or hadronic molecular resonance configurations in our investigation. Moreover, several additional exotic resonances are found in the mass range between 3.8 GeV and 4.6 GeV., Comment: 17 pages, 12 tables, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2101.04933

Published
2021

43. Where are 3P and higher P -wave states in the charmonium family?

Author

Ming-Xiao Duan and Xiang Liu

Subjects
Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Particle physics, Quark model, P wave, Spectroscopy, Quantum number
Abstract

How to hunt for higher $P$-wave states of charmonium is still an open topic when $2P$ charmonia were identified. In this work, we present an unquenched quark model calculation to illustrate the spectroscopy behavior of these $3P$, $4P$, and $5P$ states in charmonium family. For the $3P$ charmonia, the predicted masses are around 4.2 GeV and their two-body open-charm decay behaviors were given, by which we propose that searching for these $3P$ states via their open-charm decay channels from $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ fusion and $B$ decay can be accessible at future experiment like LHCb and Belle II. We continue to calculate the masses of these $4P$ and $5P$ charmonia. Combing with these calculated results of higher $P$-wave states of charmonium, we find that the coupled-channel effect becomes more obvious with increasing the radial quantum number, which can be understood well by the modified Godfrey-Isgur model with screened potential.

Published
2021

44. Structure of the X(3872) as explained by a diffusion Monte Carlo calculation

Author

Jorge Segovia, Miriam Gordillo, and F. De Soto

Subjects
Baryon, Physics, Quark, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Coulomb, Diffusion Monte Carlo, Resonance (particle physics), X(3872), Mathematical physics
Abstract

Two decades after its unexpected discovery, the properties of the $X(3872)$ exotic resonance are still under intense scrutiny. In particular, there are doubts about its nature as an ensemble of mesons or having any other internal structure. We use a diffusion Monte Carlo method to solve the many-body Schr\"odinger equation that describes this state as a $c\overline{c}n\overline{n}$ ($n=u$ or $d$ quark) system. This approach accounts for multiparticle correlations in physical observables avoiding the usual quark-clustering assumed in other theoretical techniques. The most general and accepted pairwise Coulomb + linear-confining + hyperfine spin-spin interaction, with parameters obtained by a simultaneous fit of around 100 masses of mesons and baryons, is used. The $X(3872)$ contains light quarks whose constituent masses are given by the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry. The same mechanism gives rise to Goldstone-boson exchange interactions between light quarks whose contribution, derived from a well extended chiral quark model, has been included in this analysis but plays a marginal role. It appears that a meson-meson molecular configuration is preferred but, contrary to the usual assumption of ${D}^{0}{\overline{D}}^{*0}$ molecule for the $X(3872)$, our formalism produces $\ensuremath{\omega}J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and $\ensuremath{\rho}J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ clusters as the most stable ones, which could explain in a natural way all the observed features of the $X(3872)$.

Published
2021

45. Radiative production of the hidden-charm pentaquarks

Author

Roelof Bijker and Emmanuel Ortiz Pacheco

Subjects
Momentum, Physics, Particle physics, Photon, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, Radiative transfer, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Charm (quantum number), Ground state, Harmonic oscillator
Abstract

In the present work we estimate the orbital contribution to the photoproduction of the ground state pentaquarks, described as compact $qqqQ\bar{Q}$ configurations with $J^P=3/2^-$ in the framework of the harmonic oscillator quark model. The photocouplings $P_c(uudc\bar{c}) \rightarrow p+\gamma$ are found to be highly suppressed due to the large value of the photon momentum.

Published
2021

46. Possible assignment of excited light S31 vector mesons

Author

Xian-Wei Kang, Feng-Shou Zhang, Qi-Fang Lü, and Jie-Cheng Feng

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Excited state, Quark model, Omega, Nuclear theory
Abstract

We reanalyze the problems in the assignment of $3^{3}{S}_{1}$ and $4^{3}{S}_{1}$ light mesons, which have not yet been well established with the $q\overline{q}$ quark model. Regge trajectories and the $^{3}{P}_{0}$ decay model are used, respectively, to study the mass and width of the observed states and predict the missing ones. By comparing our calculations with the latest experiments, we suggest that the inconsistent data of $\ensuremath{\rho}(2150)$ may include two similar structures, $\ensuremath{\rho}(4{^{3}S}_{1})$ and $\ensuremath{\omega}(4{^{3}S}_{1})$. In addition, the problem of the ${K}^{*}(2{^{3}S}_{1})$ assignment, with two observed states ${K}^{*}(1410)$ and ${K}^{*}(1680)$, is investigated, with several possible explanations.

Published
2021

47. Triply-heavy tetraquarks in an extended relativized quark model

Author

Yu-Bing Dong, Dian-Yong Chen, Qi-Fang Lü, and Elena Santopinto

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, FOS: Physical sciences, Quarkonium, Symmetry (physics), High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Coulomb, symbols, Mass spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
Abstract

In this paper, we adopt an extended relativized quark model to investigate the triply-heavy tetrquarks systematically. The mass spectra are obtained by solving the four-body relativized Hamiltonian including the Coulomb potential, confining potential, spin-spin interactions, and relativistic corrections. We find that all of the triply-heavy tetraquarks lie above the corresponding meson-meson thresholds, and thus no stable one exists. In particular, besides the spin-spin interactions, the Coulomb and confining potentials also contribute to the mass splittings in the $cb\bar c \bar q$ and $cb\bar b \bar q$ systems. Moreover, the whole mass spectra for triply heavy tetraquarks show quite similar patterns, which preserve the light flavor SU(3) symmetry and heavy quark symmetry well. Through the fall-apart mechanism, the triply-heavy tetraquarks may easily decay into the heavy quarkonium plus heavy-light mesons, which are good candidates for investigation in future experiments., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures. Minor modifications, accepted version

Published
2021

48. Three-Baryon Correlation in a Quark Model for Solving Hyperon Puzzle

Author

Choki Nakamoto

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Quark, Physics, Particle physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Quark model, Hadron, Hyperon, Elementary particle, Fermion, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Baryon, Many-body problem
Abstract

We evaluate the three-body baryon effect in the quark model to solve the hyperon puzzle. As candidates for the extra repulsive effect required to solve the puzzle, we focus on the structural repulsive core caused by the quark-Pauli effect and the color-magnetic term. The result is that in the lowest threshold $$\varLambda {\textit{NN}}$$ system, no significant structural repulsive core is obtained, but a strong repulsive three-body effect is obtained from the color-magnetic term.

Published
2021

49. Heavy baryon spectrum with chiral multiplets of scalar and vector diquarks

Author

Yan-Rui Liu, Yonghee Kim, Kei Suzuki, and Makoto Oka

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Sigma model, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Quark model, FOS: Physical sciences, Inverse, Bottom quark, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Baryon, Pseudoscalar, Diquark, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Chiral effective theory of scalar and vector diquarks is formulated according to the linear sigma model. The main application is to describe the ground and excited states of singly heavy baryons with a charm or bottom quark. Applying the potential quark model between the diquark and the heavy quark ($Q=c, b$), we construct a heavy-quark--diquark model. The spectra of the positive- and negative-parity states of $\Lambda_Q$, $\Sigma_Q$, $\Xi^{(')}_Q$ and $\Omega_Q$ are obtained. The masses and interaction parameters of the effective theory are fixed partly from the lattice QCD data and also from fitting low-lying heavy baryon masses. We find that the negative parity excited states of $\Xi_Q$ (flavor $\bar{\bf 3}$) are different from those of $\Lambda_Q$, because of the inverse hierarchy of the pseudoscalar diquark. On the other hand, $\Sigma_Q, \Xi'_Q$ and $\Omega_Q$ (flavor ${\bf 6}$) baryons have similar spectra. We compare our results of the heavy-quark--diquark model with experimental data as well as the quark model., Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures

Published
2021

50. (2900) in a Chiral Quark Model

Author

Jia-Lun 平加伦 Ping and Yue Tan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Quark model, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Parity (physics), Coupling (probability), Combinatorics, Diquark, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Stabilization methods, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Tetraquark, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

Recently, the LHCb Collaboration reported their observation of the first two fully open-flavor tetraquark states named $X_0(2900)$ and $X_1(2900)$ with unknown parity. Inspired by the report, we consider all of possible four-quark candidates of $X(2900)$ including molecular structure and diquark structure in a chiral quark model with the help of Gaussian expansion method. Two different structures coupling is also considered. To identify the genuine resonances, real-scaling method (stabilization method) was employed. The results show that no candidate of $X(2900)$ is founded in $00^+$ and $01^+$ $cs\bar{q}\bar{q}$ system below the threshold of $D^*\bar{K}^*$, while there are two states in the $P$-wave excited $cs\bar{q}\bar{q}$ system, $D_1\bar{K}$ and $D_J\bar{K}$, which could be candidates of $X(2900)$. In this way, we assign negative parity to $X_1(2900)$, and $X_0(2900)$ maybe a resonance state above the threshold of $D^*\bar{K}^*$, more calculation is needed., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021

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