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1. A natural experiment to assess how urban interventions in lower socioeconomic areas influence health behaviors: the UrbASanté study

Author: Charreire, Hélène, Conti, Benoit, Bauchard, Lucile, Cissé, Ndèye Aïta, Perignon, Marlène, Rollet, Pascaline, Perrin, Coline, Blanchard, Sophie, Roda, Céline, Feuillet, Thierry, Madelin, Malika, Dupuis, Vincent, Evrard, Anne-Sophie, Hellequin, Anne-Peggy, Coll, Isabelle, Larrue, Corinne, Baudet-Michel, Sophie, Vernouillet, Gabrielle, Ntsame-Abegue, Fernande, Fabre, Isabelle, Méjean, Caroline, Oppert, Jean‐michel, Study Group, Urbasanté, LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Identité et Différenciation de l’Espace, de l’Environnement et des Sociétés (IDEES), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Pôle de recherche pour l'organisation et la diffusion de l'information géographique (PRODIG (UMR_8586 / UMR_D_215 / UM_115)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), PHysicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement (UMRESTTE UMR_T9405), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Gustave Eiffel, Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Direction de la Voirie et des Déplacements, Ville de Paris, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), I-SITE FUTURE (Université Gustave Eiffel, France, 2021 − 00194 -ANR)., and ANR-21-CE03-0014,FabHealth,Changements urbains, expositions environnementales, comportements et santé(2021)
Subjects: Environmental exposures, Lifestyle behaviors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Self-reported health, Natural experiment, Urban intervention
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundMechanisms underlying the associations between changes in the urban environment and changes in health-related outcomes are complex and their study requires specific approaches. We describe the protocol of the interdisciplinary UrbASanté study, which aims to explore how urban interventions can modify environmental exposures (built, social, and food environments; air quality; noise), health-related behaviors, and self-reported health using a natural experiment approach. MethodsThe study is based on a natural experiment design using a before/after protocol with a control group to assess changes in environmental exposures, health-risk behaviors, and self-reported health outcomes of a resident adult population before and after the implementation of a time series of urban interventions in four contiguous neighborhoods in Paris (France). The changes in environmental exposures, health-related behaviors, and self-reported health outcomes of a resident adult population will be concurrently monitored in both intervention and control areas. We will develop a mixed-method framework combining substantial fieldwork with quantitative and qualitative analytical approaches. This study will make use of (i) data relating to exposures and health-related outcomes among all participants and in subsamples and (ii) interviews with residents regarding their perceptions of their neighborhoods and with key stakeholders regarding the urban change processing, and (iii) existing geodatabases and field observations to characterize the built, social, and food environments. The data collected will be analyzed with a focus on interrelationships between environmental exposures and health-related outcomes using appropriate approaches (e.g., interrupted time series, difference–in-differences method). DiscussionRelying on a natural experiment approach, the research will provide new insights regarding issues such as close collaboration with urban/local stakeholders, recruitment and follow-up of participants, identification of control and intervention areas, timing of the planned urban interventions, and comparison of subjective and objective measurements. Through the collaborative work of a consortium ensuring complementarity between researchers from different disciplines and stakeholders, the UrbASanté study will provide evidence-based guidance for designing future urban planning and public health policies. Trial registrationThis research was registered at the ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT05743257)
Published: 2023

2. Evidence of a causal and modifiable relationship between kidney function and circulating trimethylamineN-oxide with implications for heart and kidney disorders

Author: Andrikopoulos, Petros, Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Chakaroun, Rima, Myridakis, Antonis, Forslund, Sofia, Nielsen, Trine, Adriouch, Solia, Holmes, Bridget, Chilloux, Julien, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Falony, Gwen, Salem, Joe-Elie, Andreelli, Fabrizio, Belda, Eugeni, Kieswich, Julius, Chechi, Kanta, Puig-Castellvi, Francesc, Chevalier, Mickael, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Olanipekun, Michael, Hoyles, Lesley, Alves, Renato, Helft, Gerard, Isnard, Richard, Køber, Lars, Pedro Coelho, Luis, Rouault, Christine, Gauguier, Dominique, Gøtze, Jens Peter, Prifti, Edi, Zucker, Jean-Daniel, Bäckhed, Fredrik, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Blüher, Matthias, Nielsen, Jens, Raes, Jeroen, Bork, Peer, Yaqoob, Muhammad, Stumvoll, Michael, Pedersen, Oluf, Ehrlich, S. Dusko, Clément, Karine, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Imperial College London, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine - Ile de France (CRNH - IDF), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Paris-Saclay Food and Bioproduct Engineering (SayFood), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Procédés biotechnologiques au service de l'environnement (UR PROSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Charles Viollette (ICV) - ULR 7394 (ICV), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), MetaGenoPolis (MGP (US 1367)), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: ObjectivesThe host-microbiota co-metabolite trimethylamineN-oxide (TMAO) is linked to increased thrombotic and cardiovascular risks. Here we, sought to i) characterize which host variables contribute to fasting serum TMAO levels in real-life settings ii) identify potential actionable therapeutic means related to circulating TMAO.DesignWe applied “explainable” machine learning, univariate-, multivariate- and mediation analyses of fasting plasma TMAO concentration and a multitude of bioclinical phenotypes in 1,741 adult Europeans of the MetaCardis study. We expanded and validated our epidemiological findings in mechanistic studies in human renal fibroblasts and a murine model of kidney fibrosis following TMAO exposure.ResultsNext to age, kidney function was the primary variable predicting circulating TMAO in MetaCardis, with microbiota composition and diet playing minor, albeit significant roles. Mediation analysis revealed a causal relationship between TMAO and kidney function decline that strengthened at more severe stages of cardiometabolic disease. We corroborated our findings in preclinical models where TMAO exposure augmented conversion of human renal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and increased kidney scarringin vivo. Mechanistically, TMAO aggravated kidney fibrosis due to ERK1/2 hyperactivation synergistically with TGF-β1 signaling. Consistent with our findings, patients receiving next-generation glucose-lowering drugs with reno-protective properties, had significantly lower circulating TMAO when compared to propensity-score matched control individuals.ConclusionAfter age, kidney function is the major determinant of fasting circulating TMAO in adults. Our findings of lower TMAO levels in individuals medicated with reno-protective anti-diabetic drugs suggests a clinically actionable intervention for decreasing TMAO-associated excess cardiovascular risk that merits urgent investigation in human trials.Data availability statementRaw shotgun sequencing data that support the findings of this study have been deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive with accession codes PRJEB37249, PRJEB38742, PRJEB41311 and PRJEB46098. Serum NMR and urine NMR metabolome data have been uploaded to Metabolights with accession number MTBLS3429; serum GC-MS and isotopically quantified serum metabolites (UPLC–MS/MS) are available from MassIVE with accession numbers MSV000088042 and MSV000088043, respectively.
Published: 2022

3. A Machine Learning Approach to Short-Term Body Weight Prediction in a Dietary Intervention Program

Author: Babajide, Oladapo, Hissam, Tawfik, Anna, Palczewska, Anatoliy, Gorbenko, Astrup, Arne, Alfredo Martinez, J., Oppert, Jean-Michel, and Sørensen, Thorkild I. A.
Subjects: Body weight and weight-loss prediction, Supervised machine learning, Weight and obesity management, Article
Abstract: Weight and obesity management is one of the emerging challenges in current health management. Nutrient-gene interactions in human obesity (NUGENOB) seek to find various solutions to challenges posed by obesity and over-weight. This research was based on utilising a dietary intervention method as a means of addressing the problem of managing obesity and overweight. The dietary intervention program was done for a period of ten weeks. Traditional statistical techniques have been utilised in analyzing the potential gains in weight and diet intervention programs. This work investigates the applicability of machine learning to improve on the prediction of body weight in a dietary intervention program. Models that were utilised include Dynamic model, Machine Learning models (Linear regression, Support vector machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)). The performance of these estimation models was compared based on evaluation metrics like RMSE, MAE and R2. The results indicate that the Machine learning models (ANN and RF) perform better than the other models in predicting body weight at the end of the dietary intervention program.
Published: 2020

4. Effect of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Physical Activity, Eating Behavior, Body Weight and Psychological Outcomes in a Post-Bariatric Cohort

Author: Bellicha, Alice, Bel Lassen, Pierre, Poitou, Christine, Genser, Laurent, Marchelli, Florence, Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Ciangura, Cécile, Jacques, Flavien, Moreau, Pauline, Clément, Karine, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine - Ile de France (CRNH - IDF), and Bellicha, Alice
Subjects: Adult, Nutrition and Dietetics, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, bariatric surgery, COVID-19, physical activity, Feeding Behavior, Weight Gain, Obesity, Morbid, lockdown, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, nutrition, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Communicable Disease Control, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Surgery, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Exercise, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Fatigue
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: Little is known about the consequences of COVID-19 lockdowns on physical activity (PA), eating behavior, and mental health in post-bariatric surgery (BS) patients. We aimed to analyze the relations between changes in PA during COVID-19 lockdowns and changes in body weight and a comprehensive set of lifestyle and psychological outcomes in patients who have undergone BS.Material and Methods: In April–May 2020 (lockdown#1), we performed an online survey in a cohort of 937 adults who underwent BS and were followed-up at our university medical center for at least one year. We assessed changes in PA, eating behavior, body weight, fatigue, and depression (PHQ-9). In November–December 2020 (lockdown#2), we recorded body weight in 280 patients who had reported decreased PA during lockdown #1.Results: During lockdown #1 (N = 420 patients included, 44% response rate), decreased PA was reported by 67% patients. Compared to those who reported increased or unchanged PA, patients with decreased PA were more likely to report a ≥ 5% weight gain (OR (95% CI): 3.15 (1.46–7.65), increased fatigue (2.08 (1.36–3.23)), a worsening of eating behavior (2.29 (1.47–3.58)), and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms (4.74 (2.14–11.76)). During lockdown #2 (N = 225 patients, 80% response rate), significant weight gain since before lockdown #1 was reported (+ 2.8 (95% CI: 1.7–3.8) kg, p
Published: 2022

5. Status and trends of physical activity surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries : Findings from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity—GoPA!

Author: Ramírez Varela, Andrea, Hallal, Pedro C., Mejía Grueso, Juliana, Pedišić, Željko, Salvo, Deborah, Nguyen, Anita, Klepac, Bojana, Bauman, Adrian, Siefken, Katja, Hinckson, Erica, Oyeyemi, Adewale L., Richards, Justin, Salih Khidir, Elena Daniela, Inoue, Shigeru, Amagasa, Shiho, Jauregui, Alejandra, da Silva, Marcelo Cozzensa, Lee, I-Min, Ding, Melody, Kohl, Harold W., Ekelund, Ulf, Heath, Gregory W., Powell, Kenneth E., Foster, Charlie, Memon, Aamir Raoof, Doumbia, Abdoulaye, Rather, Abdul Roof, Razzaque, Abdur, Diouf, Adama, Hino, Adriano Akira, Damasceno, Albertino, Abebe, Alem Deksisa, Florindo, Alex Antonio, Mannocci, Alice, Aringazina, Altyn, Juričan, Andrea Backović, Poffet, Andrea, Decelis, Andrew, Carlin, Angela, Enescu, Angelica, Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María, Kontsevaya, Anna, Somhegyi, Annamaria, Vuillemin, Anne, El Hamdouchi, Asmaa, Théodore, Asse Amangoua, Masanovic, Bojan, Lynch, Brigid M., Medina, Catalina, del Campo, Cecilia, Abdeta, Chalchisa, Moreways, Changa, Ranasinghe, Chathuranga, Howitt, Christina, Cameron, Christine, Jurakić, Danijel, Martinez-Gomez, David, Tladi, Dawn, Diro, Debrework Tesfaye, Adlakha, Deepti, Mitić, Dušan, Bjelica, Duško, Biernat, Elżbieta, Chisati, Enock M., Lambert, Estelle Victoria, Cerin, Ester, Lee, Eun-Young, Riso, Eva-Maria, Cañete Villalba, Felicia, Assah, Felix, Lovrić, Franjo, Araya-Vargas, Gerardo A., La Torre, Giuseppe, Cruz, Gloria Isabel Niño, Baltaci, Gul, Al Sabbah, Haleama, Nalecz, Hanna, Nashandi, Hilde Liisa, Park, Hyuntae, Revuelta-Sánchez, Inés, Nusurupia, Jackline Jema, Zamora, Jaime Leppe, Kopcakova, Jaroslava, Brazo-Sayavera, Javier, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nie, Jinlei, Spence, John C., Bradley, John Stewart, Mota, Jorge, Mitáš, Josef, Chen, Junshi, Hylton, Kamilah S, Fromel, Karel, Milton, Karen, Borodulin, Katja, Moustapha, Keita Amadou, Martinez-Folgar, Kevin, Nasreddine, Lara, Christiansen, Lars Breum, Malisoux, Laurent, Malete, Leapetswe, Grepo-Jalao, Lorelie C., Monteiro, Luciana Zaranza, Al Subhi, Lyutha K., Dakskobler, Maja, Alnaji, Majed, Garro, Margarita Claramunt, Hagströmer, Maria, Murphy, Marie H., Mclaughlin, Matthew, Rivera-Morales, Mercedes, Scheinowitz, Mickey, Shkodra, Mimoza, Piątkowska, Monika, Chaudhury, Moushumi, Alrashdi, Naif Ziyad, Mutrie, Nanette, Murphy, Niamh, Ahmad, Norhayati Haji, Obeidat, Nour A., Gómez, Nubia Yaneth Ruiz, Liangruenrom, Nucharapon, Arnesto, Oscar Díaz, Flores-Flores, Oscar, Incarbone, Oscar, Chimeddamba, Oyun, Bovet, Pascal, Magalhães, Pedro, Jousilahti, Pekka, Katewongsa, Piyawat, Gómez, Rafael Alexander Leandro, Shihab, Rawan Awni, Ocansey, Reginald, Veress, Réka, Marine, Richard, Carrizales-Ramos, Rolando, Saeed, Saad Younis, El-Ashker, Said, Green, Samuel, Kasoma, Sandra, Beretervide, Santiago, Baldew, Se-Sergio, Nichols, Selby, Khoo, Selina, Hosseini, Seyed Ali, Goenka, Shifalika, Gholamalishahi, Shima, Kosen, Soewarta, Compernolle, Sofie, Enescu, Stefan Paul, Popovic, Stevo, Paudel, Susan, Andrade, Susana, Titze, Sylvia, Davidson, Tamu, Dusingizimana, Theogene, Dorner, Thomas E., Kolbe-Alexander, Tracy L., Huong, Tran Thanh, Sychareun, Vanphanom, Jarevska-Simovska, Vera, Puloka, Viliami Kulikefu, Onywera, Vincent, Wendel-Vos, Wanda, Dionyssiotis, Yannis, and Pratt, Michael
Subjects: public health practice, health promotion, epidemiology, guidelines and recommendations, measurement
Abstract: Background: Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. Methods: We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. Results: The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world’s population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world’s population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. Conclusion: Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.
Published: 2022

6. Impairment of gut microbial biotin metabolism and host biotin status in severe obesity:effect of biotin and prebiotic supplementation on improved metabolism

Author: Belda, Eugeni, Voland, Lise, Tremaroli, Valentina, Falony, Gwen, Adriouch, Solia, Assmann, Karen E., Prifiti, Edi, Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Debedat, Jean, Le Roy, Tiphaine, Nielsen, Trine, Amouyal, Chloe, Andre, Sebastien, Andreelli, Fabrizio, Blueher, Matthias, Chakaroun, Rima, Chilloux, Julien, Coelho, Luis Pedro, Dao, Maria Carlota, Das, Promi, Fellahi, Soraya, Forslund, Sofia, Galleron, Nathalie, Hansen, Tue H., Holmes, Bridget, Ji, Boyang, Pedersen, Helle Krogh, Phuong Le, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Lewinter, Christian, Manneras-Holm, Louise, Marquet, Florian, Myridakis, Antonis, Pelloux, Veronique, Pons, Nicolas, Quinquis, Benoit, Rouault, Christine, Roume, Hugo, Salem, Joe-Elie, Sokolovska, Nataliya, Søndertoft, Nadja B., Touch, Sothea, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Galan, Pilar, Holst, Jens, Gøtze, Jens Peter, Køber, Lars, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Hercberg, Serge, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nielsen, Jens, Letunic, Ivica, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Stumvoll, Michael, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Bork, Peer, Ehrlich, Stanislav Dusko, Zucker, Jean-Daniel, Baeckhed, Fredrik, Raes, Jeroen, Clement, Karine, Commission of the European Communities, Medical Research Council (MRC), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases [IHU ICAN], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Inst Med, Dept Mol & Clin Med, Wallenberg Lab, University of Gothenburg (GU), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (COMUE) (USPC), MetaGenoPolis, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Service de Diabétologie [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Laboratoire de chimie Macromoléculaire (CNRS UMR 5076), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Nutrition et cerveau (U1213, U855), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imperial College London - National Heart and Lung Institute, and Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
Subjects: EXPRESSION, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biotin, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Microbiology, DIET, Mice, Humans, Animals, Obesity, CHROMIUM PICOLINATE, Inflammation, Science & Technology, OVERWEIGHT, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Gastroenterology, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Obesity, Morbid, MetaCardis Consortium, Mice, Inbred C57BL, nutrition, Prebiotics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, micronutrients, Other Clinical Medicine, diabetes mellitus, Vitamin B Complex, 1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, intestinal bacteria, HEALTH, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: ObjectivesGut microbiota is a key component in obesity and type 2 diabetes, yet mechanisms and metabolites central to this interaction remain unclear. We examined the human gut microbiome’s functional composition in healthy metabolic state and the most severe states of obesity and type 2 diabetes within the MetaCardis cohort. We focused on the role of B vitamins and B7/B8 biotin for regulation of host metabolic state, as these vitamins influence both microbial function and host metabolism and inflammation.DesignWe performed metagenomic analyses in 1545 subjects from the MetaCardis cohorts and different murine experiments, including germ-free and antibiotic treated animals, faecal microbiota transfer, bariatric surgery and supplementation with biotin and prebiotics in mice.ResultsSevere obesity is associated with an absolute deficiency in bacterial biotin producers and transporters, whose abundances correlate with host metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes. We found suboptimal circulating biotin levels in severe obesity and altered expression of biotin-associated genes in human adipose tissue. In mice, the absence or depletion of gut microbiota by antibiotics confirmed the microbial contribution to host biotin levels. Bariatric surgery, which improves metabolism and inflammation, associates with increased bacterial biotin producers and improved host systemic biotin in humans and mice. Finally, supplementing high-fat diet-fed mice with fructo-oligosaccharides and biotin improves not only the microbiome diversity, but also the potential of bacterial production of biotin and B vitamins, while limiting weight gain and glycaemic deterioration.ConclusionStrategies combining biotin and prebiotic supplementation could help prevent the deterioration of metabolic states in severe obesity.Trial registration numberNCT02059538.
Published: 2022

7. Introduction

Author: Oppert, Jean-Michel, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: meta-analysis, obesity, exercise, systematic review, physical activity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

8. Introduction

Author: Oppert, Jean-Michel, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
Subjects: meta-analysis, obesity, exercise, systematic review, physical activity, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

9. Imidazole propionate is increased in diabetes and associated with dietary patterns and altered microbial ecology

Author: Bel Lassen, Pierre, Nielsen, Trine, Bergh, Per-Olof, Rouault, Christine, André, Sébastien, Marquet, Florian, Andreelli, Fabrizio, Salem, Joe-Elie, Assmann, Karen, Bastard, Jean-Philippe, Forslund, Sofia, Le Chatelier, Emmanuelle, Falony, Gwen, Pons, Nicolas, Prifti, Edi, Quinquis, Benoit, Roume, Hugo, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Hansen, Tue, Pedersen, Helle Krogh, Lewinter, Christian, Sønderskov, Nadja, Vestergaard, Henrik, Raes, Jeroen, Nielsen, Jens, Bork, Peer, Ehrlich, S. Dusko, Pedersen, Oluf, Aron-Wisneswky, Judith, Clément, Karine, Bäckhed, Fredrik, Molinaro, Antonio, Lassen, Pierre, Henricsson, Marcus, Wu, Hao, Adriouch, Solia, Belda, Eugeni, Chakaroun, Rima, Nielse, Trine, Bergh, Christine, Rouault, Sébastien, Andr, Florian, Marquet, Fabrizio, Andreelli, Joe-Elie, Salem, Karen, Assmann, Jean-Philippe, Bastard, Sofia, Forslund, Emmanuelle, Le Chatelier, Gwen, Falon, Nicolas, Pons, Edi, Prift, Benoit, Quinquis, Hugo, Roume, Sara, Vieira-Silv, Tue, Hansen, Krogh, Pedersen, Christian, Lewinter, Nadja, The, Metacardis, Køber, Lars, Vestergaar, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Zucker, Jean-Daniel, Galan, Pilar, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Rae, Jeroen, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Letunic, Ivica, Nielse, Jens, Ehrlic, S, Stumvoll, Michael, Pederse, Oluf, Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Bäckhe, Fredrik, Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Partenaires INRAE, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (nutriomics) (UMR-S 1269 INSERM - Sorbonne Université), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Ile-de-France (CRNH-IDF), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Université (SU), Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Paris Est, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP Hôpital Tenon [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Experimental and Clinical Research Center [Berlin, Germany], Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine [Berlin] (MDC), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology [Belgium], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute [London] (NHLI), Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust-Imperial College London, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine - Ile de France (CRNH - IDF), Biobyte Solutions GMBH, Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Imperial College London-Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CETAF-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Sorbonne Université (SU), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Auteur indépendant, Commission of the European Communities, and Universität Leipzig
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, ACCURATE METHOD, endocrine system diseases, Metabolite, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Physics and Astronomy, Type 2 diabetes, GUT MICROBIOME, GLUCOSE, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, Prediabetes, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, RISK, Multidisciplinary, biology, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, Imidazoles, HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Enterotype, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Carbohydrate metabolism, Microbiology, digestive system, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Histidine, Author Correction, PHYSIOLOGY, Aged, Science & Technology, Bacteria, General Chemistry, Metabolism, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, MetaCardis Consortium, METAGENOME, INDIVIDUALS, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, lcsh:Q, Bacteroides
Abstract: Microbiota-host-diet interactions contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Imidazole propionate is a novel microbially produced metabolite from histidine, which impairs glucose metabolism. Here, we show that subjects with prediabetes and diabetes in the MetaCardis cohort from three European countries have elevated serum imidazole propionate levels. Furthermore, imidazole propionate levels were increased in subjects with low bacterial gene richness and Bacteroides 2 enterotype, which have previously been associated with obesity. The Bacteroides 2 enterotype was also associated with increased abundance of the genes involved in imidazole propionate biosynthesis from dietary histidine. Since patients and controls did not differ in their histidine dietary intake, the elevated levels of imidazole propionate in type 2 diabetes likely reflects altered microbial metabolism of histidine, rather than histidine intake per se. Thus the microbiota may contribute to type 2 diabetes by generating imidazole propionate that can modulate host inflammation and metabolism., Gut microbial metabolism of nutrients contributes to metabolic diseases, and the histidine metabolite imidazole propionate (ImP) is produced by type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated microbiome. Here the authors report that circulating ImP levels are increased in subjects with prediabetes or T2D in three European populations, and this increase associates with altered gut microbiota rather than dietary histidine.
Published: 2020

10. A machine learning approach to short-term body weight prediction in a dietary intervention program

Author: Babajide, Oladapo, Hissam, Tawfik, Anna, Palczewska, Anatoliy, Gorbenko, Astrup, Arne, Alfredo Martinez, J, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Sørensen, Thorkild I A, Krzhizhanovskaya, V V, Zavodszky, G, Lees, M H, Sloot, P M A, Dongarra, J J, Brissos, S, and Teixeira, J
Subjects: Body weight and weight-loss prediction, Supervised machine learning, Weight and obesity management
Abstract: Weight and obesity management is one of the emerging challenges in current health management. Nutrient-gene interactions in human obesity (NUGENOB) seek to find various solutions to challenges posed by obesity and over-weight. This research was based on utilising a dietary intervention method as a means of addressing the problem of managing obesity and overweight. The dietary intervention program was done for a period of ten weeks. Traditional statistical techniques have been utilised in analyzing the potential gains in weight and diet intervention programs. This work investigates the applicability of machine learning to improve on the prediction of body weight in a dietary intervention program. Models that were utilised include Dynamic model, Machine Learning models (Linear regression, Support vector machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)). The performance of these estimation models was compared based on evaluation metrics like RMSE, MAE and R2. The results indicate that the Machine learning models (ANN and RF) perform better than the other models in predicting body weight at the end of the dietary intervention program.
Published: 2020

11. Pour une géographie régionale des spécificités locales. L'exemple des liens entre environnement urbain et comportements individuels de santé

Author: Feuillet, Thierry, Salze, Paul, Charreire, Hélène, Hercberg, Serge, Simon, Chantal, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Sciences du Sport (EA 1609) (CRESS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Gustave Eiffel, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases [IHU ICAN], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université Lyon 3, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Feuillet, Thierry, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne (Paris 12) (UPEC), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP]
Subjects: [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

12. Factors influencing sedentary behaviour: A system based analysis using Bayesian networks within DEDIPAC

Author: Buck, Christoph, Loyen, Anne, Foraita, Ronja, Van Cauwenberg, Jelle, De Craemer, Marieke, Mac Donncha, Ciaran, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Brug, Johannes, Lien, Nanna, Cardon, Greet, Pigeot, Iris, Chastin, Sebastien, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Limerick (UL), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Oslo (UiO), University of Bremen, Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de nutrition [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Public and occupational health
Subjects: Adult, Male, Computer and Information Sciences, Adolescent, reduce sitting time, Health Behavior, Culture, Social Sciences, DETERMINANTS, Social Environment, Infographics, Geographical Locations, Young Adult, Elderly, Sociology, Medicine and Health Sciences, adults, Humans, Centrality, Public and Occupational Health, Exercise, METAANALYSIS, Aged, Data Visualization, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE, Bayes Theorem, ASSOCIATION, Physical Activity, Middle Aged, mortality, Europe, Cross-Sectional Studies, Age Groups, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, strategies, People and Places, Female, Population Groupings, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Public Health, Sedentary Behavior, INTEGRATION, Graphs, Network Analysis, INTERVENTIONS, Research Article
Abstract: peer-reviewed BackgroundDecreasing sedentary behaviour (SB) has emerged as a public health priority since prolonged sitting increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. Mostly, the independent association of factors with SB has been investigated, although lifestyle behaviours are conditioned by interdependent factors. Within the DEDIPAC Knowledge Hub, a system of sedentary behaviours (SOS)-framework was created to take interdependency among multiple factors into account. The SOS framework is based on a system approach and was developed by combining evidence synthesis and expert consensus. The present study conducted a Bayesian network analysis to investigate and map the interdependencies between factors associated with SB through the life-course from large scale empirical data.MethodsData from the Eurobarometer survey (80.2, 2013) that included the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short as well as socio-demographic information and questions on perceived environment, health, and psychosocial information were enriched with macrolevel data from the Eurostat database. Overall, 33 factors were identified aligned to the SOS-framework to represent six clusters on the individual or regional level: 1) physical health and wellbeing, 2) social and cultural context, 3) built and natural environment, 4) psychology and behaviour, 5) institutional and home settings, 6) policy and economics. A Bayesian network analysis was conducted to investigate conditional associations among all factors and to determine their importance within these networks. Bayesian networks were estimated for the complete (23,865 EU-citizens with complete data) sample and for sexand four age-specific subgroups. Distance and centrality were calculated to determine importance of factors within each network around SB.ResultsIn the young (15-25), adult (26-44), and middle-aged (45-64) groups occupational level was directly associated with SB for both, men and women. Consistently, social class and educational level were indirectly associated within male adult groups, while in women factors of the family context were indirectly associated with SB. Only in older adults, factors of the built environment were relevant with regard to SB, while factors of the home and institutional settings were less important compared to younger age groups.ConclusionFactors of the home and institutional settings as well as the social and cultural context were found to be important in the network of associations around SB supporting the priority for future research in these clusters. Particularly, occupational status was found to be the main driver of SB through the life-course. Investigating conditional associations by Bayesian networks gave a better understanding of the complex interplay of factors being associated with SB. This may provide detailed insights in the mechanisms behind the burden of SB to effectively inform policy makers for detailed intervention planning. However, considering the complexity of the issue, there is need for a more comprehensive system of data collection including objective measures of sedentary time. PUBLISHED peer-reviewed
Published: 2019

13. Mediating role of energy-balance related behaviors in the association of neighborhood socio-economic status and residential area density with BMI: The SPOTLIGHT study

Author: Compernolle, Sofie, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Mackenbach, Joreintje D., Lakerveld, Jeroen, Charreire, Hélène, Glonti, Ketevan, Bardos, Helga, Rutter, Harry, De Cocker, Katrien, Cardon, Greet, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, group, WP3 SPOTLIGHT, Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), European Project: 278186,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,SPOTLIGHT(2012), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153))
Subjects: Male, Gerontology, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, Health Behavior, Socio-economic status, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, Body Mass Index, Obesity-related behaviors, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Residence Characteristics, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Residential density, Association (psychology), Exercise, Socioeconomic status, Sedentary lifestyle, Population Density, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, social sciences, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Obesity, Diet, Europe, Cross-Sectional Studies, Social Class, Walkability, population characteristics, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sedentary Behavior, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of energy-balance related behaviors on the association of neighborhood socio-economic status (SES) and neighborhood residential area density (RAD) with body mass index (BMI). METHODS: In total, 6037 adults from four neighborhood types (high SES/high RAD, high SES/low RAD, low SES/high RAD, and low SES/low RAD) in five Mid-European urban regions completed an online survey asking about their energy-balance related behaviors (physical activity [PA], sedentary behavior, and dietary behavior), determinants of these behaviors and their body weight and height. MacKinnon's product-of-coefficients test was used to assess mediating effects. RESULTS: Transport-related PA, leisure-time PA and vegetable intake seemed to mediate the association between neighborhood type and BMI. Residents from low SES/low RAD neighborhoods reported less transport-related PA, less leisure-time PA and less vegetable intake than high SES/high RAD residents, and these behaviors (i.e. transport-related PA, leisure-time PA and vegetable intake) were related to having a higher BMI. CONCLUSION: The association between neighborhood type and BMI can be explained, at least in part, by energy-balance related behaviors.
Published: 2016

14. The SOS-framework (Systems of Sedentary behaviours): an international transdisciplinary consensus framework for the study of determinants, research priorities and policy on sedentary behaviour across the life course: a DEDIPAC-study

Author: Chastin, Sebastien F M, De Craemer, Marieke, Lien, Nanna, Bernaards, Claire, Buck, Christoph, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nazare, Julie-Anne, Lakerveld, Jeroen, O'Donoghue, Grainne, Holdsworth, Michelle, Owen, Neville, Brug, Johannes, Cardon, Greet, Conroy, David, Healy, Genevieve, Langøien, Lars Joren, Reilly, John, Rutter, Harry, Salmon, Jo, Skelton, Dawn, Abula, Kahaerjiang, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Alshayji, Iqbal, Arrogi, Anass, Arundell, Lauren, Filho, Valter Cordeiro Barbosa, Brondeel, Ruben, Bullock, Victoria, Burns, Jill, Busschaert, Cedric, Capranica, Laura, Chastin, Sebastien, Condello, Giancarlo, Crist, Katie, Dall, Philippa, De Cocker, Katrien, De Lepeleere, Sara, Dontje, Manon, Duvivier, Bernard, Edelson, Lisa, Fenton, Sally, Fisher, Koren, Fletcher, Elly, Freiberger, Ellen, Hadgraft, Nyssa, Harvey, Julie, Hawari, Nabeha, Hayee, Mahwish, Hayes, Catherine, Hinkley, Trina, Huang, Wendy, Kilpatrick, Michelle, Kirk, Alison, Koorts, Harriet, Leask, Calum, Lee, Jungwha, Loyen, Anne, Määttä, Suvi, Mair, Jacqueline, McMicha, Lauren, Mellis, Michelle, Nicolaou, Mary, O'Dolan, Catriona, Olander, Ellinor, Orme, Mark, Perchoux, Camille, Pulsford, Richard, Rebar, Amanda, Routen, Ash, Rutten, Geert, Sanderson, Paul, Savelberg, Hans, Schmitz, Carrie, Shaw, Richard, Sherar, Lauren, Da Silva, Kelly Samara, Sudholz, Bronwyn, Timperio, Anna, van Lieshout, Robin, Whelan, Maxine, Wong, Stephen, Other departments, Public and occupational health, Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), University of Oslo (UiO), The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (BIPS), University of Bremen, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], BakerIDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity (DEDIPAC) knowledge hub, Joint Programming Initiative 'Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life', Belgium: Research Foundation - Flanders,Finland: Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (Tekes), France: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA),Germany: Federal Ministry of Education and Research,Ireland: The Health Research Board (HRB),The Netherlands: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw),United Kingdom: The Medical Research Council (MRC), ASCoR (FMG), FMG, Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, Lectoraat Jeugdzorg, Glasgow Caledonian University, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Chastin, Sebastien FM, De Craemer, Marieke, Lien, Nanna, Bernaards, Claire, Buck, Christoph, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nazare, Julie-Anne, Lakerveld, Jeroen, O'Donoghue, Grainne, Holdsworth, Michelle, Owen, Neville, Brug, Johannes, Cardon, Greet, and DEDIPAC consortium
Subjects: Gerontology, Youth, system-based approach, System-based approach, International Cooperation, Applied psychology, Health Behavior, Medicine (miscellaneous), RA773, older adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Life, RA0421, CH - Child Health, déterminant, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, system-basedapproach, 030212 general & internal medicine, Determinants, adulte, Public health, youth, Nutrition and Dietetics, Concept map, Health Policy, adult, public health, ASSOCIATION, vieillissement, activité sédentaire, environnement, TIME, Europe, Policy, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Health, PUBLIC-HEALTH, Older adults, Alimentation et Nutrition, Life course approach, sitting, sedentary behaviour, determinant, ageing, life-course, environment, concept mapping, policy, europe, jeunesse, Concept mapping, Healthy Living, YOUNG-CHILDREN, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Behavioural sciences, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Environment, personne âgée, 03 medical and health sciences, Life-course, Intervention (counseling), NHANES, Food and Nutrition, Humans, Adults, OLDER-ADULTS, Exercise, METAANALYSIS, Health policy, Sedentary lifestyle, business.industry, Research, approche systémique, Sedentary behaviour, Diet, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Ageing, older adults, determinants, adults, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Ranking, santé publique, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Sedentary Behavior, Healthy for Life, business, METHODOLOGY, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sitting
Abstract: Background Ecological models are currently the most used approaches to classify and conceptualise determinants of sedentary behaviour, but these approaches are limited in their ability to capture the complexity of and interplay between determinants. The aim of the project described here was to develop a transdisciplinary dynamic framework, grounded in a system-based approach, for research on determinants of sedentary behaviour across the life span and intervention and policy planning and evaluation. Methods A comprehensive concept mapping approach was used to develop the Systems Of Sedentary behaviours (SOS) framework, involving four main phases: (1) preparation, (2) generation of statements, (3) structuring (sorting and ranking), and (4) analysis and interpretation. The first two phases were undertaken between December 2013 and February 2015 by the DEDIPAC KH team (DEterminants of DIet and Physical Activity Knowledge Hub). The last two phases were completed during a two-day consensus meeting in June 2015. Results During the first phase, 550 factors regarding sedentary behaviour were listed across three age groups (i.e., youths, adults and older adults), which were reduced to a final list of 190 life course factors in phase 2 used during the consensus meeting. In total, 69 international delegates, seven invited experts and one concept mapping consultant attended the consensus meeting. The final framework obtained during that meeting consisted of six clusters of determinants: Physical Health and Wellbeing (71 % consensus), Social and Cultural Context (59 % consensus), Built and Natural Environment (65 % consensus), Psychology and Behaviour (80 % consensus), Politics and Economics (78 % consensus), and Institutional and Home Settings (78 % consensus). Conducting studies on Institutional Settings was ranked as the first research priority. The view that this framework captures a system-based map of determinants of sedentary behaviour was expressed by 89 % of the participants. Conclusion Through an international transdisciplinary consensus process, the SOS framework was developed for the determinants of sedentary behaviour through the life course. Investigating the influence of Institutional and Home Settings was deemed to be the most important area of research to focus on at present and potentially the most modifiable. The SOS framework can be used as an important tool to prioritise future research and to develop policies to reduce sedentary time.
Published: 2016

15. An International Study on the Determinants of Poor Sleep Amongst 15,000 Users of Connected Devices

Author: Fagherazzi, Guy, El Fatouhi, Douae, Bellicha, Alice, El Gareh, Amin, Affret, Aurélie, Dow, Courtney, Delrieu, Lidia, Vegreville, Matthieu, Normand, Alexis, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Severi, Gianluca, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], NOKIA Research Center, Nokia, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, and Bellicha, Alice
Subjects: Male, Withings, Internet of Things, steps, connected devices, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Epidemiology, heart rate, 030212 general & internal medicine, Slow-wave sleep, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, blood pressure, determinants, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, wearables, Nokia, Female, epidemiology, Sleep (system call), Adult, Sleep Wake Disorders, medicine.medical_specialty, lifestyle, Adolescent, Health Informatics, Wearable Electronic Devices, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, sleep, Life Style, Simulation, Original Paper, business.industry, weight, Odds ratio, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Blood pressure, Quality of Life, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract: Background: Sleep is a modifiable lifestyle factor that can be a target for efficient intervention studies to improve the quality of life and decrease the risk or burden of some chronic conditions. Knowing the profiles of individuals with poor sleep patterns is therefore a prerequisite. Wearable devices have recently opened new areas in medical research as potential efficient tools to measure lifestyle factors such as sleep quantity and quality. Objectives: The goal of our research is to identify the determinants of poor sleep based on data from a large population of users of connected devices. Methods: We analyzed data from 15,839 individuals (13,658 males and 2181 females) considered highly connected customers having purchased and used at least 3 connected devices from the consumer electronics company Withings (now Nokia). Total and deep sleep durations as well as the ratio of deep/total sleep as a proxy of sleep quality were analyzed in association with available data on age, sex, weight, heart rate, steps, and diastolic and systolic blood pressures. Results: With respect to the deep/total sleep duration ratio used as a proxy of sleep quality, we have observed that those at risk of having a poor ratio (≤0.40) were more frequently males (odds ratio [OR]female vs male=0.45, 95% CI 0.38-0.54), younger individuals (OR>60 years vs 18-30 years=0.47, 95% CI 0.35-0.63), and those with elevated heart rate (OR>78 bpm vs ≤61 bpm=1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.34) and high systolic blood pressure (OR>133 mm Hg vs ≤116 mm Hg=1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.43). A direct association with weight was observed for total sleep duration exclusively. Conclusions: Wearables can provide useful information to target individuals at risk of poor sleep. Future alert or mobile phone notification systems based on poor sleep determinants measured with wearables could be tested in intervention studies to evaluate the benefits. [J Med Internet Res 2017;19(10):e363]
Published: 2017

16. The advanced-DiaRem score improves prediction of diabetes remission One year post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Author: Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Sokolovska, Nataliya, Liu, Yuejun, Comaneshter, Doron, Vinker, Shlomo, Pecht, Tal, Poitou, Christine, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Bouillot, Jean-Luc, Genser, Laurent, Dicker, Dror, Zucker, Jean-Daniel, Rudich, Assaf, Clément, Karine, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Nutrition et obésités: approches systémiques (UMR-S 1269) (Nutriomics), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Aims/hypothesisNot all people with type 2 diabetes who undergo bariatric surgery achieve diabetes remission. Thus it is critical to develop methods for predicting outcomes that are applicable for clinical practice. The DiaRem score is relevant for predicting diabetes remission post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), but it is not accurate for all individuals across the entire spectrum of scores. We aimed to develop an improved scoring system for predicting diabetes remission following RYGB (the Advanced-DiaRem [Ad-DiaRem]).MethodsWe used a retrospective French cohort (n = 1866) that included 352 individuals with type 2 diabetes followed for 1 year post-RYGB. We developed the Ad-DiaRem in a test cohort (n = 213) and examined its accuracy in independent cohorts from France (n = 134) and Israel (n = 99).ResultsAdding two clinical variables (diabetes duration and number of glucose-lowering agents) to the original DiaRem and modifying the penalties for each category led to improved predictive performance for Ad-DiaRem. Ad-DiaRem displayed improved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and predictive accuracy compared with DiaRem (0.911 vs 0.856 and 0.841 vs 0.789, respectively; p = 0.03); thus correcting classification for 8% of those initially misclassified with DiaRem. With Ad-DiaRem, there were also fewer misclassifications of individuals with mid-range scores. This improved predictive performance was confirmed in independent cohorts.Conclusions/interpretationWe propose the Ad-DiaRem, which includes two additional clinical variables, as an optimised tool with improved accuracy to predict diabetes remission 1 year post-RYGB. This tool might be helpful for personalised management of individuals with diabetes when considering bariatric surgery in routine care, ultimately contributing to precision medicine.
Published: 2017

17. Active mobility and environment: a pilot qualitative study for the design of a new questionnaire

Author: Salze, Paul, Weber, Christiane, Feuillet, Thierry, Charreire, Hélène, Menai, Mehdi, Perchoux, Camille, Nazare, Julie-Anne, Simon, Chantal, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Enaux, Christophe, and Hess, Franck
Subjects: santé mentale, questionnaire, mobilité dans l'environnement, étude quantitative, étude qualitative, étude pilote, vie quotidienne, mobilité, santé physique
Abstract: It is generally accepted that active mobility, mainly walking and cycling, contributes to people's physical and mental health. One of the current challenges is to improve our understanding of this type of behaviour. This study aims to identify factors from the daily-life environment that may be related to active mobility behaviours, in order to design a new questionnaire for a quantitative study of a large adult population. The new questionnaire obtained through this pilot study combines information from interviews with existing questionnaires materials in order to introduce new factors while retaining the factors already assessed. This approach comprises three stages. The first was a content analysis (Reinert method) of interviews with a sample of participants about daily living activities as well as mobility. This stage led to a typology of factors suggested by interviews. The second was a scoping review of the literature in order to identify the active mobility questionnaires currently used in international literature. The last stage was a cross-tabulation of the factors resulting from the written interviews and the questionnaires. A table of the inter-relationships between the interview-based typology and the questionnaires shows discrepancies between factors considered by the existing questionnaires, and factors coming from individual interviews. Independent factors which were ignored in or absent from the questionnaires are the housing situation within the urban structure, overall consideration of the activity space beyond the limits of the residential neighbourhood, the perception of all the transportation modes, and the time scheduling impacting the modes actually used. Our new questionnaire integrates both the usual factors and the new factors that may be related to active mobility behaviours.
Published: 2017

18. Variation de l’activité physique et de la sédentarité entre avant et après un diagnostic de cancer : résultats de la cohorte prospective NutriNet-Santé

Author: Fassier, Philippine, Zelek, Laurent, PARTULA, Valentin, SROUR, Bernard, Bachmann, P., Touillaud, M., Pecollo, Nathalie, Galan Hercberg, Maria Del Pilar, Cohen, P., Hoarau, A., Latino-Martel, Paule, MENAI, Mehdi, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Hercberg, Serge, Deschasaux, Mélanie, Touvier, Mathilde, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), and Societe Francaise de Nutrition Enterale et Parenterale (SFNEP). et Société Française Nutrition (SFN), FRA.
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cohorte prospective NutriNet-Santé, diagnostic de cancer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, activité physique, sédentarité
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2016

19. Micronutrient and Protein Deficiencies After Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy: a one-year Follow-up

Author: Verger, Eric O., Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Dao, Maria Carlota, Kayser, Brandon D., Oppert, Jean-Michel, Bouillot, Jean-Luc, Torcivia, Adriana, Clément, Karine, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Chirurgie Viscérale [CHU Ambroise paré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de chirurgie digestive et viscérale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire
Subjects: Bariatric surgery, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, Protein deficiency, Sleeve gastrectomy, Multivitamin and mineral supplementation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have increased dramatically, potentially increasing the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of food restriction during the first year after bariatric surgery (BS) on nutritional parameters.MethodsTwenty-two and 30 obese patients undergoing GBP and SG were prospectively followed at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after BS (N = 14 and N = 19 at T12). We evaluated food intake and nutrient adequacy (T0, T3, T12), as well as serum vitamin and mineral concentration (T0, T3, T6, T12).ResultsAt baseline, GBP and SG patients had similar clinical characteristics, food intake, nutrient adequacy, and serum concentration. The drastic energy and food reduction led to very low probabilities of adequacy for nutrients similar in both models (T3, T12). Serum analysis demonstrated a continuous decrease in prealbumin during the follow-up, indicating mild protein depletion in 37 and 38 % of GBP patients and 57 and 52 % of SG patients, respectively, at T3 and T12. Conversely, despite the low probabilities of adequacy observed at T3 and T12, systematic multivitamin and mineral supplementation after GBP and SG prevented most nutritional deficiencies.ConclusionsGBP and SG have comparable effects in terms of energy and food restriction and subsequent risk of micronutrient and protein deficiencies in the first year post BS. Such results advocate for a cautious monitoring of protein intake after GPB and SG and a systematic multivitamin and mineral supplementation in the first year after SG.
Published: 2016

20. Exploring why residents of socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods have less favourable perceptions of their neighbourhood environment than residents of wealthy neighbourhoods

Author: Mackenbach, J. D., Lakerveld, J., Van Lenthe, F. J., Bárdos, H., Glonti, K., Compernolle, S., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Oppert, Jean-Michel, Roda, Célina, Rutter, H., Brug, J., Nijpels, G., ProdInra, Migration, Sustainable prevention of obesity through integrated strategies - SPOTLIGHT - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2012-03-01 - 2016-02-29 - 278186 - VALID, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Department of public health, Erasmus University Rotterdam, University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen], London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), European Project: 278186,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,SPOTLIGHT(2012), Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, General practice, Public Health, University of Debrecen, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health Behavior, education, Motor Activity, Social Environment, socioeconomic status, Belgium, multilevel, Residence Characteristics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Obesity, Life Style, Aged, Netherlands, Hungary, social sciences, Middle Aged, United Kingdom, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, population characteristics, Environment Design, Female, France, human activities, geographic locations, neighbourhood perceptions
Abstract: International audience; Residents of socioeconomically deprived areas perceive their neighbourhood as less conducive to healthy behaviours than residents of more affluent areas. Whether these unfavourable perceptions are based on objective neighbourhood features or other factors is poorly understood. We examined individual and contextual correlates of socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions across five urban regions in Europe. Data were analysed from 5205 participants of the SPOTLIGHT survey. Participants reported perceptions of their neighbourhood environment with regard to aesthetics, safety, the presence of destinations and functionality of the neighbourhood, which were summed into an overall neighbourhood perceptions score. Multivariable multilevel regression analyses were conducted to investigate whether the following factors were associated with socioeconomic inequalities in neighbourhood perceptions: objectively observed neighbourhood features, neighbourhood social capital, exposure to the neighbourhood, self-rated health and lifestyle behaviours. Objectively observed traffic safety, aesthetics and the presence of destinations in the neighbourhood explained around 15% of differences in neighbourhood perceptions between residents of high and low neighbourhoods; levels of neighbourhood social cohesion explained around 52%. Exposure to the neighbourhood, self-rated health and lifestyle behaviours were significant correlates of neighbourhood perceptions but did not contribute to socioeconomic differences. This cross-European study provided evidence that socioeconomic differences in neighbourhood perceptions are not only associated with objective neighbourhood features but also with social cohesion. Levels of physical activity, sleep duration, self-rated health, happiness and neighbourhood preference were also associated with neighbourhood perceptions.
Published: 2016

21. Mismatch between perceived and objectively measured environmental obesogenic features in European neighbourhoods

Author: Roda, C., Charreire, Hélène, Feuillet, Thierry, Mackenbach, J. d., Compernolle, S., Glonti, K., Ben Rebah, M., Bárdos, H., Rutter, H., Mckee, M., de Bourdeaudhuij, I., Brug, J., Lakerveld, J., Oppert, Jean-Michel, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), ECOHOST, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), European Project: 278186,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,SPOTLIGHT(2012), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Sustainable prevention of obesity through integrated strategies - SPOTLIGHT - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2012-03-01 - 2016-02-29 - 278186 - VALID, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Debrecen, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes
Subjects: Hungary, Built environment, Walking, Motor Activity, perception, United Kingdom, Bicycling, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Belgium, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Residence Characteristics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Environment Design, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Obesity, virtual audit, SPOTLIGHT, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Netherlands
Abstract: International audience; Findings from research on the association between the built environment and obesity remain equivocal but may be partly explained by differences in approaches used to characterize the built environment. Findings obtained using subjective measures may differ substantially from those measured objectively. We investigated the agreement between perceived and objectively measured obesogenic environmental features to assess (1) the extent of agreement between individual perceptions and observable characteristics of the environment and (2) the agreement between aggregated perceptions and observable characteristics, and whether this varied by type of characteristic, region or neighbourhood. Cross-sectional data from the SPOTLIGHT project (n = 6037 participants from 60 neighbourhoods in five European urban regions) were used. Residents' perceptions were self-reported, and objectively measured environmental features were obtained by a virtual audit using Google Street View. Percent agreement and Kappa statistics were calculated. The mismatch was quantified at neighbourhood level by a distance metric derived from a factor map. The extent to which the mismatch metric varied by region and neighbourhood was examined using linear regression models. Overall, agreement was moderate (agreement
Published: 2016

22. Mobilités actives et santé : apports et limites d’un protocole de mesure de la marche et du vélo combinant des capteurs de mouvements (GPS et accéléromètres)

Author: Misslin, Renaud, Charreire, Hélène, Weber, Christiane, Enaux, Christophe, Bastian, Thomas, Simon, Chantal, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Weber, Christiane, Identité et Différenciation de l’Espace, de l’Environnement et des Sociétés (IDEES), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société (IRIHS), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: accelerometer, active mobility, mobilités actives, GPS, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, physical activity, health, environnement urbain, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, santé, urban environment, accéléromètre, activité physique
Abstract: Urban mobility represents a set of complex behaviors, which are difficult to measure. Independently of individual choices and motivations, these behaviors may be influenced by urban environmental characteristics. The level of physical activity is well recognized as a major determinant in the development of several chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and some cancers. Increasing the PA level in the population through the promotion of active mobility is considered a public health priority in France. However, there is a lack of data for analyzing active mobility (walking and cycling) as a health behavior. One of the main research challenges in this field is to better measure active mobility (in a real-life context) and, at the same time, to better locate and identify places where the activity is performed. In this pilot study, we describe a method for collecting and processing data on active mobility combining motion sensors capacities (GPS and accelerometer) and implementing collected data in a Geographic Information System. Despite some limitations, the use of multi-sensor may hold potentials for collecting objective data on active mobility at a large scale., Les mobilités urbaines représentent un ensemble de comportements complexes à appréhender et difficiles à mesurer. Indépendamment des choix et des motivations individuelles, ces comportements peuvent être influencés par les caractéristiques de l’environnement urbain. Les mobilités actives, représentées par la marche et le vélo, sont peu étudiées en tant que comportements de santé alors que l’activité physique est l’un des déterminants des principales pathologies chroniques (maladies cardio-vasculaires, diabète, obésité, certains cancers). Promouvoir les mobilités actives (la marche et le vélo) apparaît aujourd’hui comme une priorité de santé publique. L’un des enjeux de recherche dans ce domaine est de mieux mesurer ces mobilités actives, dans un contexte de « vie réelle », et de mieux identifier leurs lieux de pratique. Dans ce cadre, cet article présente une méthode de recueil et de traitement des données basée sur la combinaison de capteurs de mouvements (GPS et accéléromètre) et l’implémentation des données recueillies dans un système d’information géographique. Si cette étude pilote montre les limites de l’utilisation de tels capteurs, la méthode proposée offre des potentialités importantes.
Published: 2015

23. Changes in Sedentary Behaviours and Associations with Physical Activity through Retirement: A 6-Year Longitudinal Study

Author: Menai, Mehdi, Fezeu, Leopold, Charreire, Hélène, Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle, Touvier, Mathilde, Simon, Chantal, Weber, Christiane, Andreeva, Valentina, Hercberg, Serge, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Reddy, Hemachandra, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris 13 (UP13), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine - Ile de France (CRNH - IDF), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Ile-de-France (CRNH-IDF), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Dpt Santé publique [CHU Avicenne], Hôpital Avicenne, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( CRESS - U1153 ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition ( CarMeN ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement ( LIVE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), French National Research Agency ANR-05-PNRA-010, French National Cancer Institute INCa 2011-1-PL-SHS-10, French Ministry of Health, Mederic, Sodexo, Ipsen, MGEN, Pierre Fabre, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Sorbonne Université (SU), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Longitudinal study, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Public health interventions, Physical activity, lcsh:Medicine, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Health Promotion, Biology, Motor Activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Leisure Activities, Negatively associated, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Longitudinal Studies, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Sedentary lifestyle, Retirement, Multidisciplinary, Public health, lcsh:R, Mean age, Epidemiology of Aging, Middle Aged, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cohort, lcsh:Q, Female, Sedentary Behavior, Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; Changes in sedentary behaviours and physical activity according to retirement status need to be better defined. Retirement is a critical life period that may influence a number of health behaviours. We assessed past-year sedentary behaviours (television, computer and reading time during leisure, occupational and domestic sitting time, in h/week) and physical activity (leisure, occupational and domestic, in h/week) over 6 years (2000–2001 and 2007) using the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire in 2,841 participants (mean age: 57.365.0 y) of the SU.VI.MAX (Supplementation with Antioxidants and Minerals) cohort. Analyses were performed according to retirement status. Subjects retired in 2001 and 2007 (40%) were those who spent most time in sedentary behaviour and in physical activity during and outside leisure (p,0.001). Leisure-time sedentary behaviours increased in all subjects during follow-up (p,0.001), but subjects who retired between 2001 and 2007 (31%) were those who reported the greatest changes (+8.460.42 h/week for a combined indicator of leisure-time sedentary behaviour). They also had the greatest increase in time spent in leisure-time physical activity (+2.560.2 h/week). In subjects not retired 2001 and 2007 (29%), changes in time spent watching television were found positively associated with an increase in occupational physical activity (p = 0.04) and negatively associated with changes in leisure-time physical activity (p = 0.02). No consistent association between changes in sedentary behaviours and changes in physical activity was observed in subjects retired in 2001 and 2007. Public health interventions should target retiring age populations not only to encourage physical activity but also to limit sedentary behaviours.
Published: 2014

24. The importance of the food and physical activity environments

Author: Oppert, Jean-Michel, Charreire, Hélène, LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( CRESS - U1153 ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153))
Subjects: Food, Residence Characteristics, Body Weight, Health Behavior, Geographic Information Systems, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environment Design, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Feeding Behavior, Obesity, Motor Activity
Abstract: International audience; There is increasing interest in identifying characteristics of neighborhood environments (physical, social, economical) that might favor unhealthy dietary and physical activity patterns leading to excess weight at population level. Measurement of characteristics of the physical environment in relation to food and physical activity has greatly improved in recent years. Methods based on assessment of perceptions by residents of their neighborhood or on objective assessment of the actual built environment (such as provided by Geographic Information Systems tools) would benefit to be combined. A number of recent systematic reviews have updated our knowledge on relationships of food and physical activity environments with relevant behaviors and obesity. Available evidence appears to show more consistent evidence of association between built environment characteristics related to physical activity ('walkability' indices, land use mix, variety of transports. . .) with physical activity behavior than with weight status. In contrast, built environment characteristics related to food habits (accessibility to different types of food outlets, availability of healthy foods. . .) would be more consistently associated with weight status than with eating behavior. The need for data from different countries and cultures is emphasized, as much as the importance of transdisciplinary research efforts for translation of these findings into our living environment.
Published: 2012

25. Sustainable prevention of obesity through integrated strategies: The SPOTLIGHT project's conceptual framework and design

Author: Lakerveld, Jeroen, Brug, Johannes, Bot, Sandra, Teixeira, Pedro J, Rutter, Harry, Woodward, Euan, Samdal, Oddrun, Stockley, Lynn, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, van Assema, Patricia, Robertson, Aileen, Lobstein, Tim, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Adány, Róza, Nijpels, Giel, SPOTLIGHT consortium, General practice, Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Health promotion, RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Metabolic Syndrome, and RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care
Subjects: Concept Formation, Knowledge Bases, Psychological intervention, Overweight, Study Protocol, 0302 clinical medicine, 11. Sustainability, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, education.field_of_study, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 1. No poverty, Orvostudományok, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, HEALTH-PROMOTION, Lifestyle behaviour, 3. Good health, Europe, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, medicine.symptom, Egészségtudományok, INTERVENTIONS, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Health Promotion, Environment, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Intervention (counseling), Environmental health, Humans, Adults, Obesity, education, OVERWEIGHT, business.industry, Public health, Prevention, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health Plan Implementation, lcsh:RA1-1270, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Health promotion, Conceptual framework, Biostatistics, business, Risk Reduction Behavior, ENVIRONMENTS
Abstract: Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Europe is high. It is a major cause of the overall rates of many of the main chronic (or non communicable) diseases in this region and is characterized by an unequal socio-economic distribution within the population. Obesity is largely determined by modifiable lifestyle behaviours such as low physical activity levels, sedentary behaviour and consumption of energy dense diets. It is increasingly being recognised that effective responses must go beyond interventions that only focus on a specific individual, social or environmental level and instead embrace system-based multi-level intervention approaches that address both the individual and environment. The EU-funded project “sustainable prevention of obesity through integrated strategies” (SPOTLIGHT) aims to increase and combine knowledge on the wide range of determinants of obesity in a systematic way, and to identify multi-level intervention approaches that are strong in terms of Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM). Methods/Design SPOTLIGHT comprises a series of systematic reviews on: individual-level predictors of success in behaviour change obesity interventions; social and physical environmental determinants of obesity; and on the RE-AIM of multi-level interventions. An interactive web-atlas of currently running multi-level interventions will be developed, and enhancing and impeding factors for implementation will be described. At the neighbourhood level, these elements will inform the development of methods to assess obesogenicity of diverse environments, using remote imaging techniques linked to geographic information systems. The validity of these methods will be evaluated using data from surveys of health and lifestyles of adults residing in the neighbourhoods surveyed. At both the micro- and macro-levels (national and international) the different physical, economical, political and socio-cultural elements will be assessed. Discussion SPOTLIGHT offers the potential to develop approaches that combine an understanding of the obesogenicity of environments in Europe, and thus how they can be improved, with an appreciation of the individual factors that explain why people respond differently to such environments. Its findings will inform governmental authorities and professionals, academics, NGOs and private sector stakeholders engaged in the development and implementation of policies to tackle the obesity epidemic in Europe.
Published: 2012

26. Activité physique et facteurs de risque cardiométabolique : associations et évolutions après un suivi de trois ans dans l’étude RISC

Author: Lahjibi, E., Heude, B., Oppert, Jean-Michel, Balkau, B., Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], risque cardiométabolique, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, activité physique
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2011

27. Physical activity and weight loss following bariatric surgery

Author: Jacobi, D., Ciangura, C., Couet, C., Oppert, Jean-Michel, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU de Tours), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Bariatric surgery, body composition, exercise, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PARTICIPATION, ADULTS, GASTRIC BYPASS-SURGERY, LOSS MAINTENANCE, SEDENTARY, BEHAVIORS, MORBID-OBESITY, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, weight loss, SWEDISH OBESE SUBJECTS
Abstract: International audience; P>Physical activity is a cornerstone in the medical management of obesity and could be important for weight loss following bariatric surgery. This review aims to describe the evolution of physical activity following massive weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, and to identify the relationship between physical activity and amount of weight loss. A literature search identified 20 publications (19 studies) reporting physical activity data in relation to bariatric surgery. All studies were observational. Self-assessment of physical activity was used in all the studies. Objective measures (pedometry) were used in two studies. The time frame for physical activity assessment varied: before surgery in two publications, after surgery in nine, and longitudinal pre- to post-operative evolution in nine. The latter nine publications found an increase in physical activity after bariatric surgery. In 10/13 studies where it was described, there was a positive relationship between physical activity level and amount of weight loss. In conclusion, observational evidence of self-reported physical activity suggests that physical activity increases after bariatric surgery and that physical activity is associated with surgically induced weight loss. However, these findings warrant further evaluation using objective measures of physical activity and testing in controlled trials.
Published: 2011

28. Estimating spatial accessibility to facilities at the regional scale: refining and extending an interaction potential model for proximity services and commuters

Author: Salze, Paul, Banos, Arnaud, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Charreire, Hélène, Casey, Romain, Simon, Chantal, Chaix, Basile, Badariotti, Dominique, Weber, Christiane, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de nutrition, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes - UM55 (RMND UM55), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ESIM - Déterminants Sociaux de la Santé et du Recours aux Soins (DS3), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes (RMND), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)
Subjects: spatial accessibility, commuters, interaction potential model, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, proximity services
Abstract: Background There is growing interest in the study of the relationships between individual health-related behaviours (e.g. food intake and physical activity) and measurements of spatial accessibility to the associated facilities (e.g. food outlets and sport facilities). The aim of this study is to propose measurements of spatial accessibility to facilities on the regional scale, using aggregated data. We first used a potential accessibility model that partly makes it possible to overcome the limitations of the most frequently used indices such as the count of opportunities within a given neighbourhood. We then propose an extended model in order to take into account both home and work-based accessibility for a commuting population. Results Potential accessibility estimation provides a very different picture of the accessibility levels experienced by the population than the more classical "number of opportunities per census tract" index. The extended model for commuters increases the overall accessibility levels but this increase differs according to the urbanisation level. Strongest increases are observed in some rural municipalities with initial low accessibility levels. Distance to major urban poles seems to play an essential role. Conclusions Accessibility is a multi-dimensional concept that should integrate some aspects of travel behaviour. Our work supports the evidence that the choice of appropriate accessibility indices including both residential and non-residential environmental features is necessary. Such models have potential implications for providing relevant information to policy-makers in the field of public health.
Published: 2011

29. Local disadvantages and health: Constructing indices to analyse social and geographic health inequalities in France and their trends

Author: Rican, Stéphane, Rey, Grégoire, Lucas-Gabrielli, Véronique, Bard, Denis, Zeitlin, Jennifer, Charreire, Hélène, Jougla, Eric, Salem, Gérard, Vaillant, Zoe, Combier, Evelyne, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Hercberg, Serge, Castetbon, Katia, Mejean, Caroline, Pampalon, Robert, AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Laboratoire Dynamiques Sociales et Recomposition des Espaces (LADYSS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Ouest Nanterre la Défense, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Est (COMUE), Partenaires INRAE, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Département Méthodes quantitatives en santé publique (METIS), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: inequalities, MORTALITY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], AREA, PLACE, health status, methodology, DEPRIVATION, health status indicators, health status disparities
Abstract: National audience; Local disadvantages and health: Constructing indices to analyse social and geographic health inequalities in France and their trends After many years of focusing on individual social, economic and cultural characteristics, the analysis of health inequalities today highlights the need to consider the social, environmental and political context in which these individuals develop. These analyses require the construction of indices that make it possible to identify local situations that tend to promote or undermine the health status of individuals or entire populations. In addition to their use for monitoring health inequalities and analyzing determinants associated with these inequalities, these synthetic indicators can also serve as decision support tools for allocating resources and designing prevention or management policies focused on specific populations. Widely used in studies from English-speaking countries since the end of the 1980s, their universality and the relevance of their components are nonetheless debated today. There is not yet any consensual localised index that is sufficiently standardised to allow comparisons between the different studies conducted in the field of health inequalities. The objective of this project, which brings together different research team working on the influence of the residential setting in health, is to obtain a consensus about the definition, construction and conditions of use of local deprivation indicators associated with health inequalities in France. We will also examine the ability of such indices to take current or future health vulnerability into account as well as their potential for use in the management of health resources.
Published: 2011

30. Physical Activity and Insulin Sensitivity. The RISC Study

Author: Balkau, Beverley, Mhamdi, Leila, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nolan, John, Golay, Alain, Porcellati, Francesca, Laakso, Markku, Ferrannini, Ele, Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de nutrition, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Metabolic Research Unit, St James's hospital, Service of Therapeutic Education for Diabetes, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), DiMI, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and CNR institute of Clinical Physiology, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, and The RISC Study received the EU grant QLG1-CT-2001-01252. Additional finances have been provided by AstraZeneca (Sweden). The EGIR group is supported by Merck Santé, France. L Mhamdi was financed in part by a grant from La Fondation de France.
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes, partly through its action on insulin sensitivity. We report the relation between insulin sensitivity and physical activity measured by accelerometry. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study is of 346 men and 455 women, aged 30 to 60 years, without cardiovascular disease and not treated by drugs for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia or obesity; they were recruited in 18 clinical centres from 13 European countries. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp. Physical activity was recorded by accelerometry for a median of six days. We studied the relationship of insulin sensitivity with total activity (number of counts/min), percent time spent sedentary, percent tine in light activity and activity intensity (whether the participant recorded some vigorous or some moderate activity). Results: In both men and women, total activity was associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0001). Time spent sedentary, in light activity, and activity intensity were also associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0004/0.01; 0.002/0.03; 0.02/0.004 respectively for men/women), but lost significance once adjusted for total activity. Adjustment for confounders, such as adiposity, attenuated the relations with total activity; there were no interactions with confounders. Even in the 25% most sedentary individuals, total activity was significantly associated with better insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0001) Conclusions: Accumulated daily physical activity is a major determinant of insulin sensitivity. Neither time spent sedentary, in light-activity, nor bouts of moderate or vigorous activity impacted on insulin sensitivity independently of total activity.
Published: 2008

31. Activité physique : contextes et effets sur la santé - Synthèse et recommandations

Author: Aquatias, Sylvain, Arnal, Jean-François, Rivière, Daniel, Bilard, Jean, Callède, Jean-Paul, Casillas, Jean-Marie, Choquet, Marie, Cohen-Salmon, Charles, Courteix, Daniel, Duclos, Martine, Duché, Pascale, Guezennec, Charles-Yannick, Mignon, Patrick, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Prefaut, Christian, Rochcongar, Pierre, Vuillemin, Anne, Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil (I2MR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'exploration de la fonction respiratoire et de médecine du sport, CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Conduites Addictives, de Performance et Santé, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Groupe d'Etude des Méthodes de l'Analyse Sociologique de la Sorbonne (GEMASS), Fondation Maison des sciences de l'homme (FMSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), Motricité - Plasticité, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie, conséquences fonctionnelles et neuroprotection des atteintes du cerveau en développement, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Médecine du Sport et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de Rugby, Fédération Française de Rugby (FFR), Institut national du sport et de l'éducation physique (INSEP), Département Psychosociologie de l'Education et de la Formation (PEF-INRP), INRP, Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Ecole de Santé Publique [Nancy], Faculté de Médecine [Nancy], Université de Lorraine (UL)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale(INSERM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-Fondation Maison des sciences de l'homme (FMSH)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), ORANGE, Colette, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de médecine moléculaire de Rangueil ( I2MR ), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IFR150-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ), Groupe d'Etude des Méthodes de l'Analyse Sociologique de la Sorbonne ( GEMASS ), Université Paris-Sorbonne ( UP4 ) -FMSH-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent ( UMR_S 669 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -IFR2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne ( UFR STAPS - UCA ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Fédération Française de Rugby ( FFR ), Institut national du sport et de l'éducation physique ( INSEP ), Département Psychosociologie de l'Education et de la Formation ( PEF-INRP ), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( UREN ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] ( PhyMedExp ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Bio-médicale Institution (IFR150)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Pratique sportive, Qualité de vie, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Maladies chroniques, Santé publique, Sport
Abstract: 1L’activité physique peut s’effectuer dans différents contextes.Elle peut être liée à l’activité professionnelle, se pratiquer àl’occasion de loisirs ou au cours de travaux domestiques et égalements’intégrer aux déplacements.Pour une grande partie de la population, l’exercice physiquen’est plus aujourd’hui associé aux activités professionnelles etaux déplacements de la vie quotidienne. L’accroissementdu travail sédentaire et des activités récréatives physiquementpassives (télévision, jeux vidéo…) a diminué la dépenseénergétique venant équilibrer les apports. L’activité physiquedépend donc principalement chez l’adulte de sa motivationà la pratiquer au cours de ses loisirs de manière spontanéeou dans un club ou une association sportive. Le nombre de pratiquantshors club est beaucoup plus important qu’autrefois ;on constate qu’un pratiquant sur quatre accomplit aujourd’huisa pratique dans un cadre associatif contre un sur deux en1985.La France se caractérise par une multitude d’initiatives localesqui, par leurs objectifs et leurs impacts, favorisent bien « unsport pour tous ». Cependant, comment s’articule la problématiquede la santé avec les autres objectifs de l’activité sportive ?La prise en considération de l’activité physique comme composanteessentielle de la santé apparaît encore timide.La question est de savoir comment l’impulsion donnée auniveau de l’État et le déploiement des initiatives locales peuventendiguer la généralisation de la sédentarité.De façon générale, les modèles utilisés dans les interventionssont des modèles « socio-écologiques » du comportement, quirenvoient aux interactions dynamiques entre les individus etleur environnement physique et socio-culturel.Par ailleurs, les messages de promotion doivent être fondés surle bilan critique des travaux scientifiques qui ont étudié les effets de l’activité physique et sportive sur la qualité de vie et lamorbi-mortalité. De même, il est important de connaître parquels mécanismes l’activité physique agit sur les grandes fonctionsde l’organisme. C’est à partir de ces connaissances que desrecommandations pour l’activité physique et les modalités de sapratique en population générale peuvent être élaborées.Les travaux étudiant l’effet de l’activité physique dans lespopulations atteintes de pathologies chroniques et chez les personnesâgées se sont très largement développés ces dernièresannées. Ils ont permis d’aboutir à la définition de recommandationsspécifiques et consensuelles au plan international.
Published: 2008

32. Physical Activity and Insulin Sensitivity. The RISC Study

Author: Balkau, Beverley, Mhamdi, Leila, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Nolan, John, Golay, Alain, Porcellati, Francesca, Laakso, Markku, Ferrannini, Ele, De Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de nutrition, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Metabolic Research Unit, St James's hospital, Service of Therapeutic Education for Diabetes, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), DiMI, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine and CNR institute of Clinical Physiology, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, and The RISC Study received the EU grant QLG1-CT-2001-01252. Additional finances have been provided by AstraZeneca (Sweden). The EGIR group is supported by Merck Santé, France. L Mhamdi was financed in part by a grant from La Fondation de France.
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE: Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes, partly through its action on insulin sensitivity. We report the relation between insulin sensitivity and physical activity measured by accelerometry. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study is of 346 men and 455 women, aged 30 to 60 years, without cardiovascular disease and not treated by drugs for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia or obesity; they were recruited in 18 clinical centres from 13 European countries. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp. Physical activity was recorded by accelerometry for a median of six days. We studied the relationship of insulin sensitivity with total activity (number of counts/min), percent time spent sedentary, percent tine in light activity and activity intensity (whether the participant recorded some vigorous or some moderate activity). Results: In both men and women, total activity was associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0001). Time spent sedentary, in light activity, and activity intensity were also associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0004/0.01; 0.002/0.03; 0.02/0.004 respectively for men/women), but lost significance once adjusted for total activity. Adjustment for confounders, such as adiposity, attenuated the relations with total activity; there were no interactions with confounders. Even in the 25% most sedentary individuals, total activity was significantly associated with better insulin sensitivity (P < 0.0001) Conclusions: Accumulated daily physical activity is a major determinant of insulin sensitivity. Neither time spent sedentary, in light-activity, nor bouts of moderate or vigorous activity impacted on insulin sensitivity independently of total activity.
Published: 2008

33. Serum adiponectin is related to plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not to plasma insulin-concentration in healthy children: the FLVS II study

Author: Kettaneh, Adrien, Heude, Barbara, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Scherer, Philipp, Meyre, David, Borys, Jean-Michel, Ducimetière, Pierre, Charles, Marie-Aline, Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Déterminants Biologiques et Comportementaux des Obésités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu-EA3502, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Santé, Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé, and Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé (FLVS)
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Biological Markers, nutritional and metabolic diseases, MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases, MESH: Insulin, MESH: Adiponectin, MESH: Male, MESH: France, MESH: Urban Population, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Risk Factors, MESH: Child, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Cholesterol, HDL, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Although low levels of plasma adiponectin were associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk in adults, few data investigated that relationship in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma adiponectin and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy children. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Fleurbaix and Laventie, 2 cities in the north of France. The main outcome measure was the correlations between plasma adiponectin and adiposity variables (the body mass index, the sum of 4 skinfolds, waist circumference [WC], and percent body fat [bioimpedance]), blood pressure, plasma glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and insulin. In 398 children of both sexes, adiponectin was not significantly related to age and pubertal stage. In boys only, adiponectin correlated with WC (r = -0.19; P = .008) and body mass index (r = -0.15; P = .04) but not with other adiposity variables. After taking into account WC, adiponectin was positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol in boys (r = 0.14; P = .05) and girls (r = 0.25; P = .0004), but was not correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance in both sexes. These results suggest that, in apparently healthy children, adiponectin is related to the level of HDL-cholesterol independently of fat mass. The relationship between adiponectin and insulin resistance previously reported in obese or diabetic children was not apparent in these subjects and may therefore occur only at later age with fat accumulation.
Published: 2006

34. Serum adiponectin is related to plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not to plasma insulin-concentration in healthy children: the FLVS II study.: Adiponectin in children

Author: Kettaneh, Adrien, Heude, Barbara, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Scherer, Philipp, Meyre, David, Borys, Jean-Michel, Ducimetière, Pierre, Charles, Marie-Aline, Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Déterminants Biologiques et Comportementaux des Obésités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu-EA3502, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Génétique des maladies multifactorielles (GMM), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé (FLVS), and De Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, MESH: Biological Markers, nutritional and metabolic diseases, MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases, MESH: Insulin, MESH: Adiponectin, MESH: Male, MESH: France, MESH: Urban Population, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Child, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Cholesterol, HDL, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Although low levels of plasma adiponectin were associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk in adults, few data investigated that relationship in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plasma adiponectin and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy children. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Fleurbaix and Laventie, 2 cities in the north of France. The main outcome measure was the correlations between plasma adiponectin and adiposity variables (the body mass index, the sum of 4 skinfolds, waist circumference [WC], and percent body fat [bioimpedance]), blood pressure, plasma glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and insulin. In 398 children of both sexes, adiponectin was not significantly related to age and pubertal stage. In boys only, adiponectin correlated with WC (r = -0.19; P = .008) and body mass index (r = -0.15; P = .04) but not with other adiposity variables. After taking into account WC, adiponectin was positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol in boys (r = 0.14; P = .05) and girls (r = 0.25; P = .0004), but was not correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance in both sexes. These results suggest that, in apparently healthy children, adiponectin is related to the level of HDL-cholesterol independently of fat mass. The relationship between adiponectin and insulin resistance previously reported in obese or diabetic children was not apparent in these subjects and may therefore occur only at later age with fat accumulation.
Published: 2006

35. Genetic Polymorphisms and Weight Loss in Obesity: A Randomised Trial of Hypo-Energetic High- Versus Low-Fat Diets

Author: Sørensen, Thorkild I. A, Boutin, Philippe, Taylor, Moira A, Larsen, Lesli H, Verdich, Camilla, Petersen, Liselotte, Holst, Claus, Echwald, Søren M, Dina, Christian, Toubro, Søren, Petersen, Martin, Polak, Jan, Clément, Karine, Martínez, J. Alfredo, Langin, Dominique, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Stich, Vladimir, Macdonald, Ian, Arner, Peter, Saris, Wim H. M, Pedersen, Oluf, Astrup, Arne, and Froguel, Philippe
Subjects: Correction, Pharmacology (medical), General Medicine, Nutrition
Published: 2006

36. Changes in physical activity explain paradoxical relationship between baseline physical activity and adiposity changes in adolescent girls: the FLVS II study

Author: Kettaneh, Adrien, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Heude, Barbara, Deschamps, Valérie, Borys, Jean-Michel, Lommez, Agnès, Ducimetière, Pierre, Charles, Marie-Aline, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Déterminants Biologiques et Comportementaux des Obésités, EA3502-Hôtel-Dieu-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Association Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Santé, Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu-EA3502, and Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé (FLVS)
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Chi-Square Distribution, MESH: Humans, MESH: Body Composition, MESH: Male, MESH: Skinfold Thickness, MESH: Body Mass Index, MESH: Sex Factors, MESH: Exercise, MESH: Child, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Female, MESH: Adipose Tissue
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate in adolescents relationships between habitual physical activity (PA) and changes in several indicators of adiposity. DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based study. The Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Sante II (FLVS II) study in Northern France. SUBJECTS: A total of 222 boys and 214 girls aged 8-18 y, not obese at inclusion. MEASUREMENTS: PA (Modifiable Activity Questionnaire) and adiposity (body mass index (kg/m2), percent body fat by bioimpedance analysis, sum of four skinfolds, waist circumference) were assessed in 1999 and 2001. Adiposity indicators adjusted for age and pubertal stage were compared between groups of baseline PA and between groups of PA changes, separately by sex. RESULTS: At baseline, PA was not associated with adiposity indicators in both sexes. In girls only, being in the group with the highest age-relative level of moderate PA at baseline predicted the highest adiposity gain from baseline to follow-up, for all indicators. After adjustment for baseline values, all adiposity indicators were higher at follow-up in girls who had decreased their relative level of moderate PA during follow-up. In boys, changes in adiposity during follow-up were not significantly different across groups of PA changes. However, the sum of skinfolds at follow-up, adjusted for baseline value, tended to be higher in those who decreased their vigorous PA level and lower in those who increased it. CONCLUSION: In adolescent girls, a decrease in PA rather than inactivity per se may result in increased adiposity over time.
Published: 2005

37. Changes in physical activity explain paradoxical relationship between baseline physical activity and adiposity changes in adolescent girls: the FLVS II study

Author: Kettaneh, Adrien, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Heude, Barbara, Deschamps, Valérie, Borys, Jean-Michel, Lommez, Agnès, Ducimetière, Pierre, Charles, Marie-Aline, De Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Déterminants Biologiques et Comportementaux des Obésités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôtel-Dieu-EA3502, and Association Fleurbaix Laventie Ville Santé (FLVS)
Subjects: MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Chi-Square Distribution, MESH: Humans, MESH: Body Composition, MESH: Male, MESH: Skinfold Thickness, MESH: Body Mass Index, MESH: Sex Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Exercise, MESH: Child, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, MESH: Female, MESH: Adipose Tissue
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate in adolescents relationships between habitual physical activity (PA) and changes in several indicators of adiposity. DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based study. The Fleurbaix-Laventie Ville Sante II (FLVS II) study in Northern France. SUBJECTS: A total of 222 boys and 214 girls aged 8-18 y, not obese at inclusion. MEASUREMENTS: PA (Modifiable Activity Questionnaire) and adiposity (body mass index (kg/m2), percent body fat by bioimpedance analysis, sum of four skinfolds, waist circumference) were assessed in 1999 and 2001. Adiposity indicators adjusted for age and pubertal stage were compared between groups of baseline PA and between groups of PA changes, separately by sex. RESULTS: At baseline, PA was not associated with adiposity indicators in both sexes. In girls only, being in the group with the highest age-relative level of moderate PA at baseline predicted the highest adiposity gain from baseline to follow-up, for all indicators. After adjustment for baseline values, all adiposity indicators were higher at follow-up in girls who had decreased their relative level of moderate PA during follow-up. In boys, changes in adiposity during follow-up were not significantly different across groups of PA changes. However, the sum of skinfolds at follow-up, adjusted for baseline value, tended to be higher in those who decreased their vigorous PA level and lower in those who increased it. CONCLUSION: In adolescent girls, a decrease in PA rather than inactivity per se may result in increased adiposity over time.
Published: 2005

38. Impaired fat-induced thermogenesis in obese subjects: The NUGENOB study

Author: Blaak, Ellen, Hul, Gabby, Verdich, Camilla, Stich, Vladimir, Martinez, J Alfredo, Petersen, Martin, Feskens, Edith, Patel, Kishor, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Barbe, Pierre, Toubro, Søren, Polák, Jan, Anderson, Ingalena, Astrup, Arne, Macdonald, Ian, Langin, Dominique, Sørensen, Thorkild, Saris, Wim, Consortium, Nugenob, Department of Human Biology (NUTRIM), Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Sports Medicine, Centre of Preventive Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine Charles University, Department of Physiology and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Institute of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University = Kongelige Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole (KVL ), Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), School of Biomedical Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Service de nutrition, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Unité de recherche sur les obésités, IFR 31 Louis Bugnard (IFR 31), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of medicine [Stockholm], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Humane Biologie, Epidemiologie, RS: NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, RS: NUTRIM - R1 - Metabolic Syndrome, Simon, Marie Francoise, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Nutrition and Disease, Hydrocortisone, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, adipose-tissue, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Voeding en Ziekte, Adipocytes, Medicine, Insulin, MESH: Obesity, MESH: Thermogenesis, physical-activity, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Nutrition and Dietetics, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Energy Metabolism, postprandial thermogenesis, Thermogenesis, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, MESH: Hydrocortisone, MESH: Basal Metabolism, Postprandial, growth-hormone, MESH: Postprandial Period, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, MESH: Triglycerides, medicine.medical_specialty, resting metabolic-rate, weight-gain, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, MESH: Insulin, MESH: Body Mass Index, insulin-resistance, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, sympathetic neural activation, Humans, Resting energy expenditure, Obesity, Triglycerides, MESH: Adipocytes, 030304 developmental biology, VLAG, MESH: Humans, business.industry, food, energy-expenditure, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Basal metabolic rate, Basal Metabolism, business, Energy Metabolism, Body mass index, Weight gain, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES: To study energy expenditure before and 3 hours after a high-fat load in a large cohort of obese subjects (n = 701) and a lean reference group (n = 113). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Subjects from seven European countries underwent a 1-day clinical study with a liquid test meal challenge containing 95% fat (energy content was 50% of estimated resting energy expenditure). Fasting and 3-hour postprandial energy expenditures, as well as metabolites and hormones, were determined. RESULTS: Obese subjects had a reduced postprandial energy expenditure after the high-fat load, independent of body composition, age, sex, research center, and resting energy expenditure, whereas within the obese group, thermogenesis increased again with increasing BMI category. Additionally, insulin resistance, habitual physical activity, postprandial plasma triacylglycerols, and insulin were all independently positively related to the postprandial energy expenditure. Resting energy expenditure, adjusted for fat-free mass, increased with degree of obesity, a difference that disappeared after adjustment for fat mass. Furthermore, insulin resistance, fasting plasma free fatty acids, and cortisol were positively associated, whereas fasting plasma leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 were negatively associated, with resting energy expenditure. DISCUSSION: The 3-hour fat-induced thermogenic response is reduced in obesity. It remains to be determined whether this blunted thermogenic response is a contributory factor or an adaptive response to the obese state.

39. The association between domain-specific sedentary behaviours and dietary habits in European adults (the SPOTLIGHT project)

Author: Sofie Compernolle, Cocker, Katrien, Teixeira, Pedro, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Roda, Celina, Mackenbach, Joreintje, Lakerveld, Jeroen, Mckee, Martin, Glonti, Ketevan, Rutter, Harry, Bardos, Helga, Greet Cardon, and Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
Subjects: Medicine and Health Sciences

40. Country and neighbourhood differences in energy-balance related behaviors : a cross-sectional study

Author: Sofie Compernolle, Greet Cardon, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Bardos, Helga, Rutter, Harry, and Lakerveld, Jeroen
Subjects: Medicine and Health Sciences

41. Systematic literature review of determinants of sedentary behaviour in older adults: a DEDIPAC study

Author: Chastin, Sebastien F. M., Buck, Christoph, Freiberger, Ellen, Murphy, Marie, Brug, Johannes, Cardon, Greet, O’Donoghue, Grainne, Pigeot, Iris, Oppert, Jean-Michel, The DEDIPAC Consortium, Glasgow Caledonian University, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University of Ulster, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes
Subjects: Gerontology, system-based approach, older adults, ageing, life-course, sitting, environment, determinants, obesity, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, System-based approach, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY PATTERNS, Population, Psychological intervention, Behavioural sciences, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Review, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Environment, AGE, Life-course, Medizinische Fakultät, Medicine and Health Sciences, SITTING TIME, Medicine, RETIREMENT, ddc:610, Obesity, education, Determinants, ASSOCIATIONS, Sedentary lifestyle, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Physical activity, WOMEN, LEISURE-TIME, Sedentary behaviour, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Ageing, Systematic review, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, Older adults, Life course approach, HEALTH, business, Sitting, TELEVISION VIEWING TIME
Abstract: Background Older adults are the most sedentary segment of society and high sedentary time is associated with poor health and wellbeing outcomes in this population. Identifying determinants of sedentary behaviour is a necessary step to develop interventions to reduce sedentary time. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to identify factors associated with sedentary behaviour in older adults. Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched for articles published between 2000 and May 2014. The search strategy was based on four key elements: (a) sedentary behaviour and its synonyms; (b) determinants and its synonyms (e.g. correlates, factors); (c) types of sedentary behaviour (e.g. TV viewing, sitting, gaming) and (d) types of determinants (e.g. environmental, behavioural). Articles were included in the review if specific information about sedentary behaviour in older adults was reported. Studies on samples identified by disease were excluded. Study quality was rated by means of QUALSYST. The full review protocol is available from PROSPERO (PROSPERO 2014: CRD42014009823). The analysis was guided by the socio-ecological model framework. Results Twenty-two original studies were identified out of 4472 returned by the systematic search. These included 19 cross-sectional, 2 longitudinal and 1 qualitative studies, all published after 2011. Half of the studies were European. The study quality was generally high with a median of 82 % (IQR 69–96 %) using Qualsyst tool. Personal factors were the most frequently investigated with consistent positive association for age, negative for retirement, obesity and health status. Only four studies considered environmental determinants suggesting possible association with mode of transport, type of housing, cultural opportunities and neighbourhood safety and availability of places to rest. Only two studies investigated mediating factors. Very limited information was available on contexts and sub-domains of sedentary behaviours. Conclusion Few studies have investigated determinants of sedentary behaviour in older adults and these have to date mostly focussed on personal factors, and qualitative studies were mostly lacking. More longitudinal studies are needed as well as inclusion of a broader range of personal and contextual potential determinants towards a systems-based approach, and future studies should be more informed by qualitative work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0292-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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42. A RE-AIM evaluation of evidence-based multi-level interventions to prevent obesity in adults: a systematic review

Author: Sofie Compernolle, Katrien De Cocker, Lakerveld, Jeroen, Mackenbach, Joreintje, Nijpels, Giel, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Rutter, Harry, Texeira, Pedro, Greet Cardon, and Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij

43. Factors influencing sedentary behaviour: A system based analysis using Bayesian networks within DEDIPAC

Author: Buck, Christoph, Loyen, Anne, Foraita, Ronja, Van Cauwenberg, Jelle, De Craemer, Marieke, Mac Donncha, Ciaran, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Brug, Johannes, Lien, Nanna, Cardon, Greet, Pigeot, Iris, Chastin, Sebastien, and DEDIPAC consortium
Abstract: usc Background: Decreasing sedentary behaviour (SB) has emerged as a public health priority since prolonged sitting increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. Mostly, the independent association of factors with SB has been investigated, although lifestyle behaviours are conditioned by interdependent factors. Within the DEDIPAC Knowledge Hub, a system of sedentary behaviours (SOS)-framework was created to take interdependency among multiple factors into account. The SOS framework is based on a system approach and was developed by combining evidence synthesis and expert consensus. The present study conducted a Bayesian network analysis to investigate and map the interdependencies between factors associated with SB through the life-course from large scale empirical data. Methods: Data from the Eurobarometer survey (80.2, 2013) that included the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short as well as socio-demographic information and questions on perceived environment, health, and psychosocial information were enriched with macro-level data from the Eurostat database. Overall, 33 factors were identified aligned to the SOS-framework to represent six clusters on the individual or regional level: 1) physical health and wellbeing, 2) social and cultural context, 3) built and natural environment, 4) psychology and behaviour, 5) institutional and home settings, 6) policy and economics. A Bayesian network analysis was conducted to investigate conditional associations among all factors and to determine their importance within these networks. Bayesian networks were estimated for the complete (23,865 EU-citizens with complete data) sample and for sex- and four age-specific subgroups. Distance and centrality were calculated to determine importance of factors within each network around SB. Results: In the young (15–25), adult (26–44), and middle-aged (45–64) groups occupational level was directly associated with SB for both, men and women. Consistently, social class and educational level were indirectly associated within male adult groups, while in women factors of the family context were indirectly associated with SB. Only in older adults, factors of the built environment were relevant with regard to SB, while factors of the home and institutional settings were less important compared to younger age groups. Conclusion: Factors of the home and institutional settings as well as the social and cultural context were found to be important in the network of associations around SB supporting the priority for future research in these clusters. Particularly, occupational status was found to be the main driver of SB through the life-course. Investigating conditional associations by Bayesian networks gave a better understanding of the complex interplay of factors being associated with SB. This may provide detailed insights in the mechanisms behind the burden of SB to effectively inform policy makers for detailed intervention planning. However, considering the complexity of the issue, there is need for a more comprehensive system of data collection including objective measures of sedentary time. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
Published: 2019

44. Lifestyle correlates of overweight in adults: a hierarchical approach (the SPOTLIGHT project)

Author: Célina Roda, Jeroen Lakerveld, Thierry Feuillet, Johannes Brug, Harry Rutter, Jean-Michel Oppert, Helga Bárdos, Hélène Charreire, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Martin McKee, Sofie Compernolle, Ketevan Glonti, Joreintje D. Mackenbach, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), EMGO Institute Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam Medical Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Debrecen, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), ECOHOST, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( CRESS - U1153 ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], FMG, Persuasive Communication (ASCoR, FMG), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), European Commission [278186], Oppert, Jean-Michel, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen], Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Urban Population, Cross-sectional study, Lifestyle-related behaviors, Medicine (miscellaneous), Overweight, Body Mass Index, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Medicine and Health Sciences, CART, Smoking status, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, CART Eating habits, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Nutrition and Dietetics, Smoking, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, [ SDV.MHEP.EM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Europe, Female, Television, medicine.symptom, Television viewing, Cart, Adult, Behavioural sciences, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Clinical nutrition, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Exercise, Aged, business.industry, Physical activity, Research, Eating habits, Sedentary behavior, Sleep, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: BackgroundObesity-related lifestyle behaviors usually co-exist but few studies have examined their simultaneous relation with body weight. This study aimed to identify the hierarchy of lifestyle-related behaviors associated with being overweight in adults, and to examine subgroups so identified.MethodsData were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted across 60 urban neighborhoods in 5 European urban regions between February and September 2014. Data on socio-demographics, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, eating habits, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration were collected by questionnaire. Participants also reported their weight and height. A recursive partitioning tree approach (CART) was applied to identify both main correlates of overweight and lifestyle subgroups.ResultsIn 5295 adults, mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) was 25.2 (4.5) kg/m2, and 46.0 % were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). CART analysis showed that among all lifestyle-related behaviors examined, the first identified correlate was sitting time while watching television, followed by smoking status. Different combinations of lifestyle-related behaviors (prolonged daily television viewing, former smoking, short sleep, lower vegetable consumption, and lower physical activity) were associated with a higher likelihood of being overweight, revealing 10 subgroups. Members of four subgroups with overweight prevalence >50 % were mainly males, older adults, with lower education, and living in greener neighborhoods with low residential density.ConclusionSedentary behavior while watching television was identified as the most important correlate of being overweight. Delineating the hierarchy of correlates provides a better understanding of lifestyle-related behavior combinations which may assist in targeting preventative strategies aimed at tackling obesity.
Published: 2016

45. Descriptive study of sedentary behaviours in 35,444 French working adults: cross-sectional findings from the ACTI-Cités study

Author: Mette Aadahl, Hélène Charreire, Chantal Simon, Mehdi Menai, Madina Saidj, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Jean-Michel Oppert, Christophe Enaux, Serge Hercberg, Christiane Weber, Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris 13 (UP13), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Ile-de-France (CRNH-IDF), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Administateur, HAL Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Public Health [Copenhagen], Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), French National Cancer Institute (Institut National du Cancer, INCa) through the Social Sciences and Humanities and Public Health Programme 2011-1-PL-SHS-10, Ministère de la Santé Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), Institut National de la Prévention et de l'Education pour la Santé (INPES), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), Paris 13 Université, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Department of public health, University of Copenhagen (KU), Hôpital avicenne, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Avicenne - Université Paris 13, Laboratoire de recherche en cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon) - Hospices Civils de Lyon - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Oppert, Jean-Michel, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G)-CETAF-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Avicenne, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Avicenne, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Work, Adolescent, Cross-sectional study, adult, occupation, perceptions, web-based cohort, sedentary behaviours, lifestyle, France, Health Behavior, Context (language use), Sitting, Web-based cohort, 03 medical and health sciences, Screen time, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Leisure Activities, Sedentary behaviours, medicine, Humans, Perceptions, 030212 general & internal medicine, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], Exercise, Sedentary lifestyle, Occupation, business.industry, Computers, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030229 sport sciences, Middle Aged, Lifestyle, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, santé publique, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Cohort, épidémiologie, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Self Report, Biostatistics, Sedentary Behavior, business, Research Article
Abstract: International audience; Background : Given the unfavourable health outcomes associated with sedentary behaviours, there is a need to better understand the context in which these behaviours take place to better address this public health concern. We explored self-reported sedentary behaviours by type of day (work/non-work), occupation, and perceptions towards physical activity, in a large sample of adults.Methods : We assessed sedentary behaviours cross-sectionally in 35,444 working adults (mean ± SD age: 44.5 ± 13.0 y) from the French NutriNet-Santé web-based cohort. Participants self-reported sedentary behaviours, assessed as domain-specific sitting time (work, transport, leisure) and time spent in sedentary entertainment (TV/DVD, computer and other screen-based activities, non-screen-based activities) on workdays and non-workdays, along with occupation type (ranging from mainly sitting to heavy manual work) and perceptions towards physical activity. Associations of each type of sedentary behaviour with occupation type and perceptions towards physical activity were analysed by day type in multiple linear regression analyses.Results : On workdays, adults spent a mean (SD) of 4.17 (3.07) h/day in work sitting, 1.10 (1.69) h/day in transport sitting, 2.19 (1.62) h/day in leisure-time sitting, 1.53 (1.24) h/day viewing TV/DVDs, 2.19 (2.62) h/day on other screen time, and 0.97 (1.49) on non-screen time. On non-workdays, this was 0.85 (1.53) h/day in transport sitting, 3.19 (2.05) h/day in leisure-time sitting, 2.24 (1.76) h/day viewing TV/DVDs, 1.85 (1.74) h/day on other screen time, and 1.30 (1.35) on non-screen time. Time spent in sedentary behaviours differed by occupation type, with more sedentary behaviour outside of work (both sitting and entertainment time), in those with sedentary occupations, especially on workdays. Negative perceptions towards physical activity were associated with more sedentary behaviour outside of work (both sitting and entertainment time), irrespective of day type.Conclusions : A substantial amount of waking hours was spent in different types of sedentary behaviours on workdays and non-workdays. Being sedentary at work was associated with more sedentary behaviour outside of work. Negative perceptions towards physical activity may influence the amount of time spent in sedentary behaviours. These data should help to better identify target groups in public health interventions to reduce sedentary behaviours in working adults.
Published: 2015

46. Walking and cycling for commuting, leisure and errands: relations with individual characteristics and leisure-time physical activity in a cross-sectional survey (the ACTI-Cites project)

Author: Hélène Charreire, Christophe Enaux, Christiane Weber, Serge Hercberg, Julie Anne Nazare, Jean-Michel Oppert, Chantal Simon, Mehdi Menai, Paul Salze, Thierry Feuillet, Camille Perchoux, Valentina A. Andreeva, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RH), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Université (SU), Physiopathologie, cibles et thérapies de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde (Li2P), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), French National Cancer Institute (Institut National du Cancer, INCa) through the Social sciences and humanities and public health programme [2011-1-PL-SHS-10], Ministere de la Sante, Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS), Institut National de la Prevention et de l'Education pour la Sante (INPES), Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Conservatoire National des Arts et Metiers (CNAM), Paris 13 University, Fondation Le Roch - Les Mousquetaires, Université Paris 13 - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC) - UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Avicenne, Laboratoire de recherche en cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon) - Hospices Civils de Lyon - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-UFR Santé, Médecine et Biologie Humaine-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement (IGARUN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Cross-sectional study, Leisure time, Medicine (miscellaneous), Transportation, Walking, activité physique, 0302 clinical medicine, Cross-sectional, Surveys and Questionnaires, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, 05 social sciences, migration alternante, Cycling, Middle Aged, Web-cohort, 3. Good health, Female, France, Psychology, Errands, Public health interventions, Population, Physical activity, Behavioural sciences, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, motoculteur, 03 medical and health sciences, transport actif, Leisure Activities, Age, Negatively associated, 0502 economics and business, Humans, education, Exercise, Leisure, analyse de cohorte, 050210 logistics & transportation, Commuting, Research, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Bicycling, loisir, réponse à la sélection, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, cycle thermique, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Correlates, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Self Report, Active transport, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, human activities
Abstract: International audience; Background: Increasing active transport behavior (walking, cycling) throughout the life-course is a key element of physical activity promotion for health. There is, however, a need to better understand the correlates of specific domains of walking and cycling to identify more precisely at-risk populations for public health interventions. In addition, current knowledge of interactions between domains of walking and cycling remains limited. Methods: We assessed past-month self-reported time spent walking and cycling in three specific domains (commuting, leisure and errands) in 39,295 French adult participants (76.5 % women) of the ongoing NutriNet Santé web-cohort. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations with socio-demographic and physical activity correlates. Results: Having a transit pass was strongly positively associated with walking for commuting and for errands but was unrelated to walking for leisure or to all domains of cycling. Having a parking space at work was strongly negatively associated with walking for commuting and cycling for commuting. BMI was negatively associated with both walking for leisure and errands, and with the three domains of cycling. Leisure-time physical activity was negatively associated with walking for commuting but was positively associated with the two other domains of walking and with cycling (three domains). Walking for commuting was positively associated with the other domains of walking; cycling for commuting was also positively associated with the other domains of cycling. Walking for commuting was not associated with cycling for commuting.Conclusions : In adults walking and cycling socio-demographic and physical activity correlates differ by domain (commuting, leisure and errands). Better knowledge of relationships between domains should help to develop interventions focusing not only the right population, but also the right behavior.
Published: 2015

47. Home and Work Physical Activity Environments: Associations with Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity Level in French Women

Author: Mehdi Menai, Jean-Michel Oppert, Beverley Balkau, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Guy Fagherazzi, Marie-Aline Charles, Soren Brage, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Hélène Charreire, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), European Union of the European Community [LSHM-CT-2006-037197], UK Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12015/3], HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition ( ICAN ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( CRESS - U1153 ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Brage, Soren [0000-0002-1265-7355], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Oppert, Jean-Michel
Subjects: Male, Gerontology, Physical Activity & Health, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Physical fitness, lcsh:Medicine, physical activity, home environment, workplace environment, physical fitness, aerobic capacity, accelerometer, heart rate, questionnaire, 0302 clinical medicine, DESIGN, Accelerometry, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Workplace, RISK, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, TIME, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cohort, Exercise equipment, Female, HEALTH, France, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, HEART-RATE, Alpha (ethology), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Heart rate, Humans, COHORT, VALIDITY, Exercise, business.industry, lcsh:R, Work (physics), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cardiorespiratory fitness, BELGIAN ADULTS, Physical activity level, EXERCISE EQUIPMENT, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Exercise Test, Physical therapy, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, WEIGHT, Energy Metabolism, business
Abstract: International audience; The influence of the physical activity environment in the home and at work on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and objectively-measured physical activity has not been extensively studied. We recruited 147 women with a (mean ± SD) age of 54 ± 7 years and without evidence of chronic disease. The physical activity environment was assessed by self-report (Assessing Levels of PHysical Activity or ALPHA questionnaire), CRF using a submaximal step test, usual physical activity using combined heart rate and accelerometry, as well as by a validated questionnaire (Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire). Summary scores of the home environment and the work environment derived from the ALPHA questionnaire were positively correlated with CRF after adjustment for age (r = 0.18, p = 0.03 and r = 0.28, p < 0.01, respectively). Women owning a bicycle or having a garden (which may prompt physical activity) had higher CRF; those with a bicycle at home also had a higher physical activity energy expenditure. Similarly, women who had access to fitness equipment at work had higher CRF. In conclusion, these results provide new insights into potential environmental influences on physical capacity and physical activity that could inform the design of physical activity promotion strategies.
Published: 2016

48. Associations of supermarket characteristics with weight status and body fat: a multilevel analysis of individuals within supermarkets (RECORD study)

Author: Chantal Simon, Yan Kestens, Basile Chaix, Noëlla Karusisi, Shannon N. Zenk, Jean-Michel Oppert, Hélène Charreire, Bruno Pannier, Kathy Bean, Christiane Weber, Juan Merlo, Frédérique Thomas, Mark Daniel, Cinira Leal, LAB'URBA (LAB'URBA), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigations Préventives et Cliniques (CIPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sansom Research Institute, University of South Australia, University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Régulations métaboliques, nutrition et diabètes (RMND), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The Enteric Nervous System in gut and brain disorders [U1235] (TENS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Lund University [Lund], Institute for Public Health Research (Institut de Recherche en Sante Publique), National Institute for Prevention and Health Education (Institut National de Prevention et d'Education pour la Sante) [074/07-DAS], National Institute of Public Health Surveillance (Institut de Veille Sanitaire), French Ministries of Research and Health (Epidemiologic Cohorts), National Health Insurance Office for Salaried Workers (Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salaries), National Research Agency (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) [00153 05], Ile-de-France Regional Health Agency (Agence Regionale de Sante d'Ile-de-France), City of Paris (Ville de Paris), Ile-de-France Regional Council (Conseil Regional d'Ile-de-France, DIM SEnT and CODDIM), Ile-de-France Youth, Sports, and Social Cohesion Regional Direction (Direction Regionale de la Jeunesse et des Sports et de la Cohesion Sociale), Swedish Research Council, Canadian Institutes for Health Research, LAB'URBA ( LAB'URBA ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle ( CRESS - U1153 ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ) -Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Chaix, Basile, Bean, Kathy, Daniel, Mark, Zenk, Shannon N, Kestens, Yan, Charreire, Hélène, Leal, Cinira, Thomas, Frédérique, Karusisi, Noëlla, Weber, Christiane, Oppert, Jean-Michel, Simon, Chantal, Merlo, Juan, Pannier, Bruno, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Non-Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology, Economics, Environmental Health and Occupational Health, Psychological intervention, lcsh:Medicine, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Body Mass Index, Food Supply, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Residence Characteristics, 030212 general & internal medicine, risk-factors, lcsh:Science, health care economics and organizations, 2. Zero hunger, Human Capital, Multidisciplinary, Multilevel model, food and beverages, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Middle Aged, Statistical, Adipose Tissue, Medicine, Educational Status, Female, Public Health, France, Waist Circumference, Research Article, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, education, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, food environment, Nutrition, Aged, Models, Statistical, Population Biology, geographic life environments, Public health, lcsh:R, Body Weight, health-care utilization, Anthropometry, Diet, Socioeconomic Factors, lcsh:Q, Residence, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Body mass index
Abstract: International audience; PURPOSE: Previous research on the influence of the food environment on weight status has often used impersonal measures of the food environment defined for residential neighborhoods, which ignore whether people actually use the food outlets near their residence. To assess whether supermarkets are relevant contexts for interventions, the present study explored between-residential neighborhood and between-supermarket variations in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and investigated associations between brands and characteristics of supermarkets and BMI or WC, after adjustment for individual and residential neighborhood characteristics. METHODS: Participants in the RECORD Cohort Study (Paris Region, France, 2007-2008) were surveyed on the supermarket (brand and exact location) where they conducted their food shopping. Overall, 7 131 participants shopped in 1 097 different supermarkets. Cross-classified multilevel linear models were estimated for BMI and WC. RESULTS: Just 11.4% of participants shopped for food primarily within their residential neighborhood. After accounting for participants' residential neighborhood, people shopping in the same supermarket had a more comparable BMI and WC than participants shopping in different supermarkets. After adjustment for individual and residential neighborhood characteristics, participants shopping in specific supermarket brands, in hard discount supermarkets (especially if they had a low education), and in supermarkets whose catchment area comprised low educated residents had a higher BMI/WC. CONCLUSION: A public health strategy to reduce excess weight may be to intervene on specific supermarkets to change food purchasing behavior, as supermarkets are where dietary preferences are materialized into definite purchased foods.
Published: 2012

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