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Additional file 9. Figure S6: ctDNA testing, LDCT scans, and disease-related events of patients during follow-up periods. . Swimmer plot illustrating the first positive ctDNA testing, the last negative LDCT scans, and pathological events of patients that experienced recurrence or deceased. B). The original and adjusted time intervals between the first positive ctDNA testing and final LDCT scans that detected disease recurrence. Abbreviations: LDCT – low-dose computed tomography, LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma.

Additional file 4. Figure S1: Availability of plasma samples. The availability of plasma samples for analysis at each schedule collection time point. Blue and red blocks denote samples collected before and after disease recurrence, respectively. Abbreviations: LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma, RFS – recurrence-free survival, AT – adjuvant therapy, RT – radiotherapy, LNM – lymph node metastasis.

Additional file 6. Figure S3: Prognostic values of postsurgical ctDNA detection at 3 months and 6 months. A-B) The recurrence-free survival analysis (top panel) and multi-variant Cox regression (bottom panel) of postsurgical ctDNA detection at 3 months (A) and 6 months (B). For the analysis at 6 months after surgeries, only patients with plasma samples available at this scheduled point and followed-up for more than 6 months were included. Abbreviations: RFS – recurrence-free survival, LNM – lymph node metastasis, LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma.

Additional file 5. Figure S2: Mutational profile of plasma samples. Gene mutations detected in tissue and plasma samples in each patient. Colors denote different variant types. Horizontal and vertical bars denote the detection of tissue mutations in presurgical and postsurgical plasma samples, respectively. Twenty most prevalent gene mutations in tissue samples were shown.

Additional file 8. Figure S5: Prognostic values of ctDNA detection based on clonal and subclonal mutations. A). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by ctDNA detection based on only clonal mutation profiles. B). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by ctDNA detection based on all clonal and subclonal mutations.

Additional file 7. Figure S4: ctDNA statuses and disease-related events of patients during follow-up periods. Swimmer plot illustrating the ctDNA statuses, adjuvant therapies, and pathological events of all patients. Abbreviations: LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma, AT – adjuvant therapy.

Additional file 12. Supplementary discussion.

Additional file 11. Methods.

Additional file 10. Figure S7: Prognostic value of presurgical ctDNA detection. A). The recurrence-free survival analysis of patients stratified by presurgical ctDNA detection. B). The multi-variant Cox regression for presurgical ctDNA detection. Abbreviations: RFS – recurrence-free survival, LNM – lymph node metastasis, LUAD – lung adenocarcinoma, LUSC - lung squamous-cell carcinoma.

Additional file 13. Supplementary results.

Five previously undescribed flavonoids (1–5) and ten known ones (6–15) were isolated from the roots of Oxybaphus himalaicus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic experiments including NMR, HRESIMS and ECD. The cytotoxic activities of all isolated compounds were assayed against human lung carcinoma A549 cells and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro. Compound 11 displayed the most powerful inhibitory effect with IC50 values of 19.47 ± 0.28 μM against A549 and 52.6 ± 0.38 μM against HepG2, respectively.

Low-grade titanium slag with a high accumulation of Mg, Al, Si, and the refractory structure of spinel, was sodiumized-oxidized to make it usable in the sulfate process for TiO2 pigment production. In the sodiumized-oxidized process, the Ti3O5 and Mg2SiO4 transform into Na2TiO3 and Na2MgSiO4, respectively. From combined ICP-OES with XRD refinement of the molten NaOH intermediate, the ideal stoichiometric ratio of NaOH to slag was calculated to be 0.9:1. After acidolysis of the intermediate, the obtained TiOSO4 solution, with Mg2+ and Al3+ impurities, was hydrolyzed to prepare metatitanic acid (H2TiO3) with a suitable particle size D(0.5) of 1.0-1.5 pi m. The particle size D(0.5) of the hydrolyzed H2TiO3 decreased, while the concentration of Mg2+ and Al3+ increased. Finally, under optimal doping and calcination conditions, the rutile content of the prepared sample was 97.0%, and the achromic abilities of TCS and SCX were 1937 and 1.54, respectively. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A modified adaptive fuzzy actor-neural network critic (FANC)-based controller is proposed for a class of robotic rehabilitation system(RRS). Based on the modified FANC control approach, the developed RRS can utilize different kinds of prior knowledge and measured information to initialize its fuzzy actor, critic network, and ensure the RRS stability during the whole control process with the help of a PD-based supervisory controller. In addition, to attenuate the effects of the approximation error and the uncertainty in the system, robust terms are also integrated into the proposed FANC agent. Lyapunov stability analysis shows the proposed FANC can yield a semi-global asymptotic result. Simulation experiments showed that the feasibility of the developed FANC for robotic rehabilitation system.