60 results on '"Marisa Navarro"'
Search Results
2. Changes in the epidemiology of invasive fungal disease in a Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit: the relevance of breakthrough infections
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Laura Calle-Miguel, Carmen Garrido-Colino, Begoña Santiago-García, Martha Patricia Moreno Santos, Henar Gonzalo Pascual, Beatriz Ponce Salas, Cristina Beléndez Bieler, Marisa Navarro Gómez, Jesús Guinea Ortega, and Elena María Rincón-López
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Infectious Diseases - Abstract
Background Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a significant cause of morbimortality in children under chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The purpose of this study is to describe the changes in the IFD epidemiology that occurred in a Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit (PHOU) with an increasing activity over time. Methods Retrospective revision of the medical records of children (from 6 months to 18 years old) diagnosed with IFD in the PHOU of a tertiary hospital in Madrid (Spain), between 2006 and 2019. IFD definitions were performed according to the EORTC revised criteria. Prevalence, epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic parameters were described. Comparative analyses were conducted using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, according to three time periods, the type of infection (yeast vs mold infections) and the outcome. Results Twenty-eight episodes of IFD occurred in 27 out of 471 children at risk (50% males; median age of 9.8 years old, [IQR 4.9-15.1]), resulting in an overall global prevalence of 5.9%. Five episodes of candidemia and 23 bronchopulmonary mold diseases were registered. Six (21.4%), eight (28.6%) and 14 (50%) episodes met criteria for proven, probable and possible IFD, respectively. 71.4% of patients had a breakthrough infection, 28.6% required intensive care and 21.4% died during treatment. Over time, bronchopulmonary mold infections and breakthrough IFD increased (p=0.002 and p=0.012, respectively), occurring in children with more IFD host factors (p=0.028) and high-risk underlying disorders (p=0.012). A 64% increase in the number of admissions in the PHOU (pp=0.008) were not followed by rising rates of mortality or IFD/1000 admissions (p=0.674). Conclusions In this study, we found that yeast infections decreased, while mold infections increased over time, being most of them breakthrough infections. These changes are probably related to the rising activity in our PHOU and an increase in the complexity of the baseline pathologies of patients. Fortunately, these facts were not followed by an increase in IFD prevalence or mortality rates.
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- 2023
3. Prevalence of M184V and K65R in proviral DNA from PBMCs in HIV-infected youths with lamivudine/emtricitabine exposure
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Cristina Díez, María del Mar Santos, Luis Prieto, David Aguilera-Alonso, Marisa Navarro, María José Mellado, Santiago Jiménez de Ory, África Holguín, Talía Sainz, Jose Ignacio Bernardino, Sara Guillén, Miguel Gutiérrez-López, Carolina Beltrán-Pavez, and José Tomás Ramos
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,030106 microbiology ,HIV Infections ,Viremia ,Emtricitabine ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Proviruses ,Drug Resistance, Viral ,Prevalence ,medicine ,AcademicSubjects/MED00740 ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Child ,Original Research ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,Lamivudine ,DNA ,Viral Load ,medicine.disease ,Resistance mutation ,Virology ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,Infectious Diseases ,Cohort ,AcademicSubjects/MED00230 ,business ,Viral load ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objectives We analysed the prevalence of M184V/I and/or K65R/E/N mutations archived in proviral DNA (pDNA) in youths with perinatal HIV, virological control and who previously carried these resistance mutations in historic plasma samples. Methods We included vertically HIV-infected youths/young adults aged ≥10 years in the Madrid Cohort of HIV-1 Infected Children and Adolescents, exposed to lamivudine and/or emtricitabine, with M184V/I and/or K65R/E/N in historic plasma samples, on antiretroviral therapy (ART), virologically suppressed (HIV-1 RNA Results Among the 225 patients under follow-up in the study cohort, 13 (5.8%) met selection criteria, and RT sequences were recovered in 12 (92.3%) of them. All but one were Spaniards, carrying subtype B, with a median age at PBMCs sampling of 21.3 years (IQR: 15.6–23.1) with 4 years (IQR 2.1–6.5) of suppressed viral load (VL). Nine (75%) youths did not present M184V/I in pDNA after at least 1 year of viral suppression. In December 2019, the remaining three subjects carrying M184V/I in pDNA maintained suppressed viraemia, and two still used emtricitabine in ART. Conclusions The prevalence of resistance mutations to lamivudine and emtricitabine in pDNA in a cohort of youths perinatally infected with HIV who remain with undetectable VL, previously lamivudine and/or emtricitabine experienced, was infrequent. Our results indicate that ART including lamivudine or emtricitabine may also be safe and successful in youths with perinatal HIV with previous experience of and resistances to these drugs detected in plasma.
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- 2021
4. The clinical relevance of the microbiome when managing paediatric infectious diseases—Narrative review
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David Aguilera-Alonso, Cristina Calvo, Jaime Delgado, Jesús López-Herce, Irene Rivero-Calle, Maria José Solana, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Ana Méndez-Echevarría, Begoña Santiago, Marisa Navarro, África Holguín, Elisa López-Varela, María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, Talía Sainz, and Rosa Rodríguez-Fernandez
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Microbiota ,Human microbiome ,General Medicine ,Communicable Diseases ,Paediatric infectious diseases ,Clinical Practice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infectious disease (medical specialty) ,030225 pediatrics ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Humans ,Clinical significance ,Narrative review ,Routine clinical practice ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Microbiome ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Abstract
In recent years, the field of infectious diseases has been hit by the overwhelming amount of information generated while the human microbiome is being disentangled. Based on the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system, the implications regarding infectious diseases are probably major and remain a challenge. Aims This review was conceived as a comprehensive tool to provide an overview of the available evidence regarding the influence of the microbiome on infectious diseases in children. Methods We present the main findings aroused from microbiome research in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease under a paediatric perspective, to inform clinicians of the potential relevance of microbiome-related knowledge for translation to clinical practice. Results and conclusion The evidence shown in this review highlights the numerous research gaps ahead and supports the need to move forward to integrating the so-called microbiome thinking into our routine clinical practice.
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- 2020
5. Integrase inhibitors in children and adolescents: clinical use and resistance
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David, Torres-Fernandez, Santiago, Jiménez de Ory, Claudia, Fortuny, Talía, Sainz, Dolores, Falcón, Enrique, Bernal, Miguel Cervero, Jiménez, Marta Navarro, Vilasaró, Cristina, Epalza, Marisa, Navarro, José Tomás, Ramos, África, Holguín, Luis, Prieto, and Elisa, de Lazzari
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Pharmacology ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Pyridones ,HIV Infections ,Infectious Diseases ,Raltegravir Potassium ,Oxazines ,HIV-1 ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Female ,HIV Integrase Inhibitors ,Child ,Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Background Although integrase inhibitor (INI)-based regimens are now the first-line choice for all people living with HIV, experience among children and adolescents is still scarce. We describe the characteristics and outcomes of a paediatric/adolescent cohort on INI-based ART. Methods Retrospective analysis of HIV-infected patients below 18 years of age who started an INI-based regimen from 2007 to 2019, enrolled in the Spanish National Adult (CoRIS) and Paediatric (CoRISpe) cohorts. Resistance mutations were identified by the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. Results Overall, 318 INI-based regimens were implemented in 288 patients [53.8% female; median age at start of 14.3 years (IQR 12.0–16.3)]. Most were born in Spain (69.1%), vertically infected (87.7%) and treatment-experienced (92.7%). The most frequently prescribed INI was dolutegravir (134; 42.1%), followed by raltegravir (110; 34.6%) and elvitegravir (73; 23.0%). The median exposure was 2.0 years (IQR 1.1–3.0). The main reasons to start an INI-based therapy were treatment simplification (54.4%) and virological failure (34.3%). In total, 103 (32.4%) patients interrupted their regimen: 14.5% for simplification and 8.5% due to virological failure. Most subjects who received dolutegravir (85.8%) and elvitegravir (83.6%) did not interrupt their regimen and maintained undetectable viral load. There were only five virological failures with dolutegravir and three with elvitegravir. There were no interruptions related to adverse events. Seven patients with virological failure presented major resistance mutations to INIs; none of them were on dolutegravir. Conclusions INI-based regimens were effective and safe for HIV treatment in children and adolescents. Dolutegravir and elvitegravir presented an excellent profile, and most patients achieved and maintained viral suppression.
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- 2022
6. Detection of Respiratory Viruses in the Clinical Outcome of Children With Fever and Neutropenia
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Inmaculada Casas, Mar Santos Sebastián, Belén Hernández-Rupérez, Teresa Hernández-Sampelayo, Jorge Huerta, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Natalia Cerdeira Barreiro, Begoña Santiago-García, Carmen Garrido-Colino, Elena María Rincón-López, Marisa Navarro, Marina García-Morín, Elena Cela, Cristina Mata, Francisco Pozo, Cristina Beléndez, and Pilar Catalán
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Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Acute infection ,Physical examination ,Neutropenia ,medicine.disease_cause ,Severity of Illness Index ,Tertiary Care Centers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Disease severity ,Nasopharynx ,030225 pediatrics ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory system ,Child ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Febrile Neutropenia ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Spain ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Viruses ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,Rhinovirus ,business ,Febrile neutropenia - Abstract
Background: Several evidence-based guidelines for the management of children with febrile neutropenia (FN) have been published, with special focus in bacterial and fungal infections. However, the role of acute respiratory infections caused by respiratory viruses (RV) has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical presentation and outcome of acute respiratory infections in children with FN. Methods: Patients
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- 2020
7. Detectable A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase With Thrombospondin Motifs-1 in Serum Is Associated With Adverse Outcome in Pediatric Sepsis
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Navin P. Boeddha, MD, PhD, Gertjan J. Driessen, MD, PhD, Nienke N. Hagedoorn, MD, Daniela S. Kohlfuerst, MD, Clive J. Hoggart, PhD, Angelique L. van Rijswijk, MSc, Ebru Ekinci, MD, Debby Priem, BSc, Luregn J. Schlapbach, MD, PhD, Jethro A. Herberg, MD, PhD, Ronald de Groot, MD, PhD, Suzanne T. Anderson, MD, PhD, Colin G. Fink, PhD, Enitan D. Carrol, MD, PhD, Michiel van der Flier, MD, PhD, Federico Martinón-Torres, MD, PhD, Michael Levin, MD, PhD, Frank W. Leebeek, MD, PhD, Werner Zenz, MD, PhD, Moniek P. M. de Maat, PhD, Jan A. Hazelzet, MD, PhD, Marieke Emonts, MD, PhD, Willem A. Dik, PhD, on behalf of the EUCLIDS consortium, Michael Levin, Lachlan Coin, Stuart Gormley, Shea Hamilton, Jethro Herberg, Bernardo Hourmat, Clive Hoggart, Myrsini Kaforou, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Victoria Wright, Amina Abdulla, Paul Agapow, Maeve Bartlett, Evangelos Bellos, Hariklia Eleftherohorinou, Rachel Galassini, David Inwald, Meg Mashbat, Stefanie Menikou, Sobia Mustafa, Simon Nadel, Rahmeen Rahman, Clare Thakker, S Bokhandi, Sue Power, Heather Barham, N Pathan, Jenna Ridout, Deborah White, Sarah Thurston, S Faust, S Patel, Jenni McCorkell, P Davies, Lindsey Crate, Helen Navarra, Stephanie Carter, R Ramaiah, Rekha Patel, Catherine Tuffrey, Andrew Gribbin, Sharon McCready, Mark Peters, Katie Hardy, Fran Standing, Lauren O’Neill, Eugenia Abelake, Akash Deep, Eniola Nsirim, A Pollard, Louise Willis, Zoe Young, C Royad, Sonia White, PM Fortune, Phil Hudnott, Federico Martinón-Torres, Antonio Salas, Fernando Álvez González, Ruth Barral-Arca, Miriam Cebey-López, María José CurrasTuala, Natalia García, Luisa García Vicente, Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Jose Gómez Rial, Andrea Grela Beiroa, Antonio Justicia Grande, Pilar Leboráns Iglesias, Alba Elena Martínez Santos, Nazareth Martinón-Torres, José María Martinón Sánchez, Beatriz Morillo Gutiérrez, Belén Mosquera Pérez, Pablo Obando Pacheco, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Sara Pischedda, Irene Rivero Calle, Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Lorenzo Redondo-Collazo, Antonio Salas Ellacuriaga, Sonia Serén Fernández, María del Sol Porto Silva, Ana Vega, Lucía Vilanova Trillo, Susana Beatriz Reyes, María Cruz León León, Álvaro Navarro Mingorance, Xavier Gabaldó Barrios, Eider Oñate Vergara, Andrés Concha Torre, Ana Vivanco, Reyes Fernández, Francisco Giménez Sánchez, Miguel Sánchez Forte, Pablo Rojo, J.Ruiz Contreras, Alba Palacios, Cristina Epalza Ibarrondo, Elizabeth Fernández Cooke, Marisa Navarro, Cristina Álvarez Álvarez, María José Lozano, Eduardo Carreras, Sonia Brió Sanagustín, Olaf Neth, Mª del Carmen Martínez Padilla, Luis Manuel Prieto Tato, Sara Guillén, Laura Fernández Silveira, David Moreno, R. de Groot, A.M. Tutu van Furth, M. van der Flier, N.P. Boeddha, G.J.A. Driessen, M. Emonts, J.A. Hazelzet, T.W. Kuijpers, D. Pajkrt, E.A.M. Sanders, D. van de Beek, A. van der Ende, H.L.A. Philipsen, A.O.A. Adeel, M.A. Breukels, D.M.C. Brinkman, C.C.M.M. de Korte, E. de Vries, W.J. de Waal, R. Dekkers, A. Dings-Lammertink, R.A. Doedens, A.E. Donker, M. Dousma, T.E. Faber, G.P.J.M. Gerrits, J.A.M. Gerver, J. Heidema, J. Homan-van der Veen, M.A.M. Jacobs, N.J.G. Jansen, P. Kawczynski, K. Klucovska, M.C.J. Kneyber, Y. Koopman-Keemink, V.J. Langenhorst, J. Leusink, B.F. Loza, I.T. Merth, C.J. Miedema, C. Neeleman, J.G. Noordzij, C.C. Obihara, A.L.T. van Overbeek – van Gils, G.H. Poortman, S.T. Potgieter, J. Potjewijd, P.P.R. Rosias, T. Sprong, G.W. ten Tussher, B.J. Thio, G.A. Tramper-Strander, M. van Deuren, H. van der Meer, A.J.M. van Kuppevelt, A.M. van Wermeskerken, W.A. Verwijs, T.F.W. Wolfs, Luregn J Schlapbach, Philipp Agyeman, Christoph Aebi, Eric Giannoni, Martin Stocker, Klara M Posfay-Barbe, Ulrich Heininger, Sara Bernhard-Stirnemann, Anita Niederer-Loher, Christian Kahlert, Paul Hasters, Christa Relly, Walter Baer, Christoph Berger, Enitan Carrol, Stéphane Paulus, Hannah Frederick, Rebecca Jennings, Joanne Johnston, Rhian Kenwright, Colin G Fink, Elli Pinnock, Marieke Emonts, Rachel Agbeko, Suzanne Anderson, Fatou Secka, Kalifa Bojang, Isatou Sarr, Ngane Kebbeh, Gibbi Sey, Momodou Saidykhan, Fatoumatta Cole, Gilleh Thomas, Martin Antonio, Werner Zenz, Daniela S. Klobassa, Alexander Binder, Nina A. Schweintzger, Manfred Sagmeister, Hinrich Baumgart, Markus Baumgartner, Uta Behrends, Ariane Biebl, Robert Birnbacher, Jan-Gerd Blanke, Carsten Boelke, Kai Breuling, Jürgen Brunner, Maria Buller, Peter Dahlem, Beate Dietrich, Ernst Eber, Johannes Elias, Josef Emhofer, Rosa Etschmaier, Sebastian Farr, Ylenia Girtler, Irina Grigorow, Konrad Heimann, Ulrike Ihm, Zdenek Jaros, Hermann Kalhoff, Wilhelm Kaulfersch, Christoph Kemen, Nina Klocker, Bernhard Köster, Benno Kohlmaier, Eleni Komini, Lydia Kramer, Antje Neubert, Daniel Ortner, Lydia Pescollderungg, Klaus Pfurtscheller, Karl Reiter, Goran Ristic, Siegfried Rödl, Andrea Sellner, Astrid Sonnleitner, Matthias Sperl, Wolfgang Stelzl, Holger Till, Andreas Trobisch, Anne Vierzig, Ulrich Vogel, Christina Weingarten, Stefanie Welke, Andreas Wimmer, Uwe Wintergerst, Daniel Wüller, Andrew Zaunschirm, Ieva Ziuraite, Veslava Žukovskaja, Pediatrics, Immunology, Hematology, Public Health, European Commission, Kindergeneeskunde, and RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine
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medicine.medical_specialty ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,Observational Study ,medicine.disease_cause ,Sepsis ,sepsis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Disintegrin ,A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 protein ,Prospective cohort study ,Metalloproteinase ,Thrombospondin ,biology ,business.industry ,RC86-88.9 ,Neisseria meningitidis ,biomarkers ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,mortality ,bacterial infections ,inflammation ,Cohort ,biology.protein ,Etiology ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,business - Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., IMPORTANCE: A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 is hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of invasive infection, but studies in sepsis are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To study A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 protein level in pediatric sepsis and to study the association with outcome. DESIGN: Data from two prospective cohort studies. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Cohort 1 is from a single-center study involving children admitted to PICU with meningococcal sepsis (samples obtained at three time points). Cohort 2 includes patients from a multicenter study involving children admitted to the hospital with invasive bacterial infections of differing etiologies (samples obtained within 48 hr after hospital admission). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Primary outcome measure was mortality. Secondary outcome measures were PICU-free days at day 28 and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: In cohort 1 (n = 59), nonsurvivors more frequently had A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels above the detection limit than survivors at admission to PICU (8/11 [73%] and 6/23 [26%], respectively; p = 0.02) and at t = 24 hours (2/3 [67%] and 3/37 [8%], respectively; p = 0.04). In cohort 2 (n = 240), A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels in patients within 48 hours after hospital admission were more frequently above the detection limit than in healthy controls (110/240 [46%] and 14/64 [22%], respectively; p = 0.001). Nonsurvivors more often had detectable A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 levels than survivors (16/21 [76%] and 94/219 [43%], respectively; p = 0.003), which was mostly attributable to patients with Neisseria meningitidis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In children with bacterial infection, detection of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 within 48 hours after hospital admission is associated with death, particularly in meningococcal sepsis. Future studies should confirm the prognostic value of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-1 and should study pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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- 2021
8. Antibiotic Prescribing in Children Hospitalized With COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Spain: Prevalence, Trends, and Associated Factors
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David Aguilera-Alonso, Cristina Epalza, Francisco José Sanz-Santaeufemia, Carlos Grasa, Sara Villanueva-Medina, Susana Melendo Pérez, Eloísa Cervantes Hernández, María Urretavizcaya-Martínez, Rosa Pino, Marisa Navarro Gómez, Javier Pilar Orive, Ana González Zárate, Paula Vidal Lana, Raúl González Montero, Sara Ruiz González, Cristina Calvo, María Isabel Iglesias-Bouzas, José Manuel Caro-Teller, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Álvaro Ballesteros, Juan Mesa, Elena Cobos-Carrascosa, Alfredo Tagarro, and Cinta Moraleda
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SARS-CoV-2 ,Pediatría ,antibiotic stewardship ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ,Virus ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Tratamiento médico ,Infectious Diseases ,Antibacterianos ,bacterial infections ,children ,Spain ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Child - Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused an increase in antibiotic use in different settings. We describe the antibiotic prescribing prevalence, associated factors and trends, as well as concomitant bacterial infections in children hospitalized with COVID-19 or multisystemic inflammatory syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 in Spain. Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Unión Europea-Fondos FEDER (proyecto PI20/00095) Ministerio de Sanidad/ISCIII Sociedad Española de Pediatría Fondos FEDER (Contrato Río Hortega CM18/00100 y CM19/00015 ) 5.235 JCR (2021) Q1, 14/130 Pediatrics 1.236 SJR (2021) Q1, 66/301 Infectious Diseases No data IDR 2020 UEM
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- 2021
9. Hepatomegalia masiva y exantema como manifestación de infección connatal
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Laura Torres Soblechero, Begoña Santiago Garcia, and Marisa Navarro Garcia
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Microbiology (medical) ,business.industry ,Medicine ,business - Published
- 2020
10. Massive hepatomegaly and skin rash as manifestations of congenital infection
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Begoña Santiago Garcia, Marisa Navarro Garcia, and Laura Torres Soblechero
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,medicine ,Humans ,Exanthema ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Communicable Diseases ,Rash ,Dermatology ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,Hepatomegaly - Published
- 2020
11. Kingella kingae as the Main Cause of Septic Arthritis
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Sara Zarzoso-Fernández, Mercedes Marín, María Del Carmen Suárez-Arrabal, Jose Luis González-López, María Del Mar Santos-Sebastián, Javier Narbona-Cárceles, Ángel J Villa-García, Azucena García-Martín, María Belén Hernández-Rupérez, Felipe González-Martínez, Marisa Navarro-Gómez, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Teresa Hernández-Sampelayo, and Paloma Cervera-Bravo
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anemia ,Neisseriaceae Infections ,030106 microbiology ,Arthritis ,Kingella kingae ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,030225 pediatrics ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,Humans ,Medicine ,Retrospective Studies ,Arthritis, Infectious ,biology ,business.industry ,Osteomyelitis ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Infectious Diseases ,Spain ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Etiology ,Female ,Septic arthritis ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Kingella kingae is an emergent pathogen causing septic arthritis (SA) in children.The objective of this study was to analyze the etiology of SA in children before and after the implementation of universal 16S rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction and sequencing (16SPCR) in synovial fluid. METHODS Children ≤14 years with acute SA from a Madrid cohort (2002-2013) were reviewed. Differences in etiology were analyzed before (period 1) and after (period 2) the implementation of bacterial 16SPCR in 2009. A comparison in epidemiology, clinical syndromes, therapy and outcome between infections caused by K. kingae and other bacteria was performed. RESULTS Bacteria were detected from 40/81 (49.4%) children, with a higher proportion of diagnosis after 16SPCR establishment (period 2, 63% vs. period 1, 31.4%; P = 0.005). The main etiologies were Staphylococcus aureus (37.5%) and K. kingae (35%), although K. kingae was the most common microorganism in P2 (48.3%). Children with K. kingae SA were less likely to be younger than 3 months (0 vs. 42.3%; P < 0.001), had less anemia (21.4 vs. 50%; P = 0.010), lower C-reactive protein (3.8 vs. 8.9 mg/dL; P = 0.039), less associated osteomyelitis (0 vs. 26.9%; P = 0.033), shorter intravenous therapy (6 vs. 15 days; P < 0.001), and had a nonsignificant lower rate of sequelae (0 vs. 30%; P = 0.15) than children with SA caused by other bacteria. However, they tended to have higher rate of fever (86 vs. 57%; P = 0.083). CONCLUSIONS K. kingae was frequently recovered in children with SA after the implementation of bacterial 16SPCR, producing a milder clinical syndrome and better outcome. Therefore, the use of molecular techniques may be important for the management of these children.
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- 2018
12. Antifungal prophylaxis with micafungin three times a week in children after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
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Carmen Garrido-Colino, Cristina Beléndez, Almudena Burillo, Ana Haro-Díaz, Cecilia M. Fernández-Llamazares, Eduardo J. Bardón-Cancho, Elena Cela, Marisa Navarro-Gómez, Jorge Huerta-Aragonés, and Marina García-Morín
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Antifungal ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute leukemia ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,Micafungin ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Transplantation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Fanconi anemia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Bone marrow ,business ,Adverse effect ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of azoles for antifungal prophylaxis after familial allogeneic stem cell transplantation in children (SCT) is hindered by adverse events and drug interactions especially in children affected by sickle cell disease. Intermittent, higher dose of micafungin could be an alternative. METHODS A prospective, observational, longitudinal, single-center study was conducted between May 2015 and June 2018. The study included 30 patients between 2 and 18 years old who underwent allogeneic SCT and received prophylaxis with micafungin on alternating days after the bone marrow engraftment phase. FINDINGS Fifty transplants performed, 30 included prophylaxis against IFIs, with micafungin in an alternating pattern according to the previously described protocol. The indication for HSCT was hemoglobinopathies in 76.7%, acute leukemia in 20.0% and Fanconi anemia in 3.3%. The prophylaxis duration was 2.33 months (1.53 to 3.98). In our study, 40.0% (12/30) of the patients had acute GVHD, and 6.7% (2/30) had chronic GVHD, which prolonged the duration of alternating prophylaxis. No serious adverse effects of the use of micafungin were observed in any of the patients. There was also no breakthrough Invasive fungal infection (IFI) during alternating prophylaxis. CONCLUSION: In selected patients, micafungin was well tolerated without breakthrough IFI in our study.
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- 2021
13. Gender differences on the WAIS-IV in patients with schizophrenia
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Juan Carlos Ruiz, Carmen Dasí, Inmaculada Fuentes, and Marisa Navarro
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03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Intel·ligència ,Psicologia ,In patient ,Psychology ,Humanities ,030227 psychiatry - Abstract
Introduccion Los resultados de los estudios que han investigado diferencias de genero en funcionamiento neuropsicologico en la esquizofrenia han sido inconsistentes. Diferencias en la fase de la enfermedad, en las caracteristicas demograficas y clinicas de las muestras y en los instrumentos utilizados podrian explicar esa heterogeneidad. Objetivo Investigar la heterogeneidad en los resultados comparando el funcionamiento cognitivo de pacientes con diagnostico de esquizofrenia. Metodo Veinticinco mujeres y veinticinco hombres pacientes con diagnostico de esquizofrenia equiparados en edad, edad al inicio de la enfermedad y nivel educativo se evaluaron en funcionamiento cognitivo utilizando la WAIS-IV. Resultados Los hombres mostraron puntuaciones mas altas que las mujeres en las dos medidas globales, en los indices de razonamiento perceptivo y de memoria de trabajo y en las subtests de la WAIS-IV de informacion, puzles visuales, amplitud de digitos y aritmetica. Los tamanos de efecto d de Cohen fueron altos en las dos medidas globales y en los dos indices (d > .68). Discusion y conclusion En conjunto, la ejecucion de las mujeres en funcionamiento cognitivo esta por debajo de la de los hombres cuando se mide con la WAIS-IV, excepto en el caso de la velocidad de procesamiento. Este patron de diferencias de genero es similar al patron observado en poblacion sana. Nuestros resultados pueden ayudar a clarificar la heterogeneidad de resultados en los estudios sobre diferencias de genero en el funcionamiento cognitivo en la esquizofrenia y podrian ser utiles en el diseno de intervenciones centradas en la cognicion
- Published
- 2021
14. Diagnostic Accuracy of the Panbio Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antigen Rapid Test Compared with Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing of Nasopharyngeal Samples in the Pediatric Population
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Serena Villaverde, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Gema Sabrido, Conchita Pérez-Jorge, Marta Plata, María Pilar Romero, Carlos Daniel Grasa, Ana Belén Jiménez, Elena Heras, Antonio Broncano, María del Mar Núñez, Marta Illán, Paloma Merino, Beatriz Soto, David Molina-Arana, Amanda Bermejo, Pablo Mendoza, Manuel Gijón, Begoña Pérez-Moneo, Cinta Moraleda, Alfredo Tagarro, Cristina Calvo, Ma José Mellado, Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Teresa del Rosal, Mar Santos, Marisa Navarro, Elena Rincón, Begoña Santiago, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, David Aguilera-Alonso, Cristina Epalza, Daniel Blázquez-Gamero, Sara Villanueva, Pablo Rojo, Gero Calleja, J.A. Alonso, Mercedes de la Torre, F.J. Sanz-Santaeufemia, M.I. Iglesias, B. Herrero, M. Alonso, Toni Soriano-Arandes, J.M. Pujol, Susana Melendo, Pere Soler-Palacin, Silvia Simó, Victoria Fumadó, Miguel Lanaspa, M. Urretavizcaya, Mercedes Herranz, Marta Pareja, Fatima Ara, Santiago Cabañas, Rut del Valle, Ana Barrios, Enrique Otheo, José Luis Vázquez, Lola Falcón, Olaf Neth, Peter Olbrich, Walter Goicoechea, Laura Martín, Lucía Figueroa, María Llorente, María Penin, Claudia García, María García, Teresa Alvaredo, Ma Inmaculada Olmedo, Agustín López, Elvira Cobo, Mariam Tovizi, Pilar Galán, Sara Guillén, Adriana Navas, M. Luz García, Sara Pérez, María José Hernández, Arantxa Berzosa, Nerea Gallego, Ana López, Beatriz Ruiz, Santiago Alfayate, Ana Menasalvas, Eloísa Cervantes, María Méndez, Ángela Hurtado, Yolanda Ruiz, Cristina García, Inés Amich, Manuel Oltra, Álvaro Villaroya, Angustias Ocaña, Isabel Romero, María Fernanda Guzmán, M.J. Pascual, María Sánchez-Códez, Elena Montesinos, Julia Jensen, María Rodríguez, Gloria Caro, Neus Rius, Alba Gómez, Rafael Bretón, Margarita Rodríguez, Julio Romero, Ana Campos, Mercedes García, Rosa María Velasco, Zulema Lobato, Fernando Centeno, Elena Pérez, Paula Vidal, Corsino Rey, Ana Vivanco, Maruchi Alonso, Pedro Alcalá, Javier González de Dios, Eduard Solé, Laura Minguell, Itziar Astigarraga, Ma Ángeles Vázquez, Miguel Sánchez, Elena Díaz, Eduardo Consuegra, María Cabanillas, Luis Peña, Elisa Garrote, Maite Goicoechea, Irene Centelles, Santiago Lapeña, Sara Gutiérrez, Soraya Gutiérrez, Amparo Cavalle, José María Olmos, Alejandro Cobo, Sara Díaz, Beatriz Jiménez, Raúl González, Miguel Lafuente, Matilde Bustillo, Natividad Pons, Julia Morata, and Elsa Segura
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Diagnostic accuracy ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,law.invention ,antigen test ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigen ,law ,030225 pediatrics ,Internal medicine ,Nasopharynx ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health ,Child ,Antigens, Viral ,Pandemics ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Coronavirus ,business.industry ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Infant, Newborn ,COVID-19 ,Infant ,Reproducibility of Results ,Reverse transcriptase ,PCR ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,DNA, Viral ,Brief Reports ,Female ,business ,Pediatric population - Abstract
We conducted a multicenter clinical validity study of the Panbio coronavirus disease 2019 Antigen Rapid Test of nasopharyngeal samples in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019-compatible symptoms of ≤5 days of evolution. Our study showed limited accuracy in nasopharyngeal antigen testing: overall sensitivity was 45.4%, and 99.8% of specificity, positive-predictive value was 92.5%.
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- 2020
15. The CARMA Study: Early Infant Antiretroviral Therapy-Timing Impacts on Total HIV-1 DNA Quantitation 12 Years Later
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Anita De Rossi, Pablo Rojo, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Carlo Giaquinto, Triantafylia Gkouleli, Judith Heaney, Marisa Navarro, Alfredo Tagarro, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Alasdair Bamford, Katy Fidler, Eleni Nastouli, Paolo Palma, Sarah A. Watters, and Caroline Foster
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,viral suppression ,Anti-HIV Agents ,030106 microbiology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,HIV reservoir ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,children ,Internal medicine ,Hiv infected ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,adolescents ,Hiv 1 dna ,biology ,HIV-1 ,early treated ,business.industry ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Original Articles ,Viral Load ,Settore MED/38 ,Antiretroviral therapy ,Infectious Diseases ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,AcademicSubjects/MED00290 ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cohort ,DNA, Viral ,biology.protein ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Female ,Antibody ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00670 - Abstract
Background Strategies aimed at antiretroviral therapy (ART)–free remission will target individuals with a limited viral reservoir. We investigated factors associated with low reservoir measured as total human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in perinatal infection (PaHIV). Methods Children from 7 European centers in the Early Treated Perinatally HIV Infected Individuals: Improving Children’s Actual Life (EPIICAL) consortium who commenced ART aged 5 years were included. Total HIV-1 DNA was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction per million PBMCs. Factors associated with total HIV-1 DNA were analyzed using generalized additive models. Age, VL at ART initiation, and baseline CD4% effects were tested including smoothing splines to test nonlinear association. Results Forty PaHIV, 27 (67.5%) female 21 (52.5%) Black/Black African, had total HIV-1 DNA measured; median 12 (IQR, 7.3–15.4) years after ART initiation. Eleven had total HIV-1 DNA 6 logs. The effect of CD4% (coefficient = 0.03 ± 0.01, P = .049) was not maintained >40%. Conclusions In this PaHIV cohort, reduced total HIV-1 DNA levels were associated with younger age and lower VL at ART initiation. The impact of early-infant treatment on reservoir size persists after a decade of suppressive therapy., Initiation of antiretroviral therapy at a younger age and lower plasma viral load were associated with a lower HIV-1 viral reservoir in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after more than a decade of sustained virological suppression.
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- 2020
16. A navigational logic for reasoning about graph properties
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Elvira Pino, Leen Lambers, Fernando Orejas, Marisa Navarro, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciències de la Computació, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals
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Computer software -- Development ,Graph databases ,Theoretical computer science ,Formal modelling ,Logic ,Computer science ,0102 computer and information sciences ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Graph logic ,Computer Science::Logic in Computer Science ,Graph property ,Graph database ,business.industry ,Grafs, Teoria de ,Software development ,Graph ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Informàtica::Informàtica teòrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,Algebraic methods ,Programari -- Desenvolupament ,business ,computer ,Specification ,Software - Abstract
Graphs play an important role in many areas of Computer Science. In particular, our work is motivated by model-driven software development and by graph databases. For this reason, it is very important to have the means to express and to reason about the properties that a given graph may satisfy. With this aim, in this paper we present a visual logic that allows us to describe graph properties, including navigational properties, i.e., properties about the paths in a graph. The logic is equipped with a deductive tableau method that we have proved to be sound and complete. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Union (FEDER funds) under grant GRAMM (ref. TIN2017-86727-C2-1-R, TIN2017-86727-C2-2-R) and by the Basque Project GIU15/30, and grant UFI11/45.
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- 2020
17. Trends in Drug Resistance Prevalence, HIV-1 Variants and Clinical Status in HIV-1-infected Pediatric Population in Madrid: 1993 to 2015 Analysis
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Santiago Jiménez de Ory, África Holguín, Luis Prieto, Patricia Sánchez, Pepa Mellado, Marisa Navarro, José Tomás Ramos, Sara Domínguez, Pablo Rojo, and Rafael Delgado
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Anti-HIV Agents ,030106 microbiology ,HIV Infections ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Drug resistance ,History, 21st Century ,Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Drug Resistance, Viral ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Public Health Surveillance ,Phylogeny ,Retrospective Studies ,Molecular epidemiology ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Genetic Variation ,Retrospective cohort study ,History, 20th Century ,Viral Load ,Virology ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Infectious Diseases ,Spain ,pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,Mutation ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cohort ,HIV-1 ,business ,Viral load ,HIV drug resistance - Abstract
Background The expanded use of long-term antiretroviral treatments in infected children may exacerbate the problem of drug resistance mutations selection, which can compromise treatment efficiency. Objective We describe the temporal trends of HIV drug resistance mutations and the HIV-1 variants during 23 years (1993 to March 2016) in the Madrid cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents. Methods We selected patients with at least one available HIV-1 pol sequence/genotypic resistance profile, establishing different groups according to the sampling year of first resistance data. We determined the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations or acquired drug resistance mutations (DRM), the drug susceptibility among resistant viruses and HIV-1 variants characterized by phylogeny across time. Results A total of 245 pediatric patients were selected, being mainly female, Spanish native, perinatally infected and carrying HIV-1 subtype B. At first sampling, most pediatric patients were on antiretroviral therapy and heavily pretreated. During 1993 to 2016, transmitted drug resistance mutations was found in 13 (26%) of 50 naive children [non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), 14.6%; nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), 10.4%; protease inhibitors, 8.7%]. DRM appeared in 139 (73.2%) of 190 pretreated patients (NRTI, 64.5%; NNRTI, 36%; protease inhibitors, 35.1%). DRM to NNRTI was higher in last 5 years. Non-B variants infected 14.5% of children and adolescents of the Madrid Cohort, being mainly intersubtype recombinants (76.5%), including complex unique recombinant strains. They caused 3.4% infections before 2000, rising to 85.7% during 2011 to 2016. Conclusions Periodic surveillance resistance and molecular epidemiology studies in long-term pretreated HIV-infected pediatric populations are required to optimize treatment regimens. Results will permit a better understanding of long-time dynamics of viral resistance and HIV-1 variants in Spain.
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- 2018
18. WAIS-IV Performance in Patients With Schizophrenia
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Pilar Tomás, Juan Carlos Ruiz, Carmen Dasí, Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá, Marisa Navarro, and Pilar Blasco
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Adult ,Male ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Healthy control ,medicine ,Humans ,Verbal comprehension ,In patient ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,Cognitive skill ,Cognitive impairment ,Wechsler Scales ,Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Schizophrenia ,Female ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is one of the most widely used instruments to measure cognitive functioning. The aims of this study were 1) to obtain the cognitive profile of Spanish patients with schizophrenia on the WAIS-IV; 2) to compare their profile to the profile of a healthy control group; and 3) to compare the cognitive profile of patients with schizophrenia to the performance observed in two separate previous studies in Canada and China. A sample of 99 outpatients and 99 healthy control participants, matched on age, sex, and educational level, were measured using the WAIS-IV, including 10 core subtests, 4 indices, and 2 general intelligence scores, to obtain their cognitive profile. Results showed that only the performance on the Verbal Comprehension Index and its subtests was similar in the patient and control groups. This pattern of cognitive impairment was similar to the pattern reported in the Canadian and Chinese studies.
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- 2019
19. Institutions for navigational logics for graphical structures
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Fernando Orejas, Leen Lambers, Elvira Pino, Marisa Navarro, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciències de la Computació, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals
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Formal methods (Computer science) ,Software engineering ,General Computer Science ,Computer science ,Formalism (philosophy) ,Grafs, Teoria de ,Hasso-Plattner-Institut für Digital Engineering GmbH ,0102 computer and information sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Institutions ,01 natural sciences ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Navigational logics ,Algebra ,Graph theory ,Formalism (philosophy of mathematics) ,Enginyeria del programari ,Informàtica::Informàtica teòrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,Mètodes formals (Informàtica) ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,ddc:000 ,Graph logics - Abstract
We show that a Navigational Logic, i.e., a logic to express properties about graphs and about paths in graphs is a semi-exact institution. In this way, we can use a number of operations to structure and modularize our specifications. Moreover, using the properties of our institution, we also show how to structure single formulas, which in our formalism could be quite complex.
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- 2018
20. A refutation procedure for proving satisfiability of constraint specifications on XML documents
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Marisa Navarro and Fernando Orejas
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In this paper we first present three sorts of constraints (positive, negative and conditional ones) to specify that certain patterns must be satisfied in a XML document. These constraints are built on boolean XPath patterns. We define a specification as a set of clauses whose literals are constraints.Then, to reason about these specifications, we study some sound rules which permit to infer, subsume or simplify clauses. The main goal is to design a refutation procedure (based on these rules) to test if a given specification is satisfiable or not. We have formally proven the soundness of our procedure and we study the completeness and termination of the proposed method.
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- 2018
21. Life-threatening infections in children in Europe (the EUCLIDS Project): a prospective cohort study
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Federico Martinón-Torres, Antonio Salas, Irene Rivero-Calle, Miriam Cebey-López, Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Jethro A Herberg, Navin P Boeddha, Daniela S Klobassa, Fatou Secka, Stephane Paulus, Ronald de Groot, Luregn J Schlapbach, Gertjan J Driessen, Suzanne T Anderson, Marieke Emonts, Werner Zenz, Enitan D Carrol, Michiel Van der Flier, Michael Levin, Lachlan Coin, Stuart Gormley, Shea Hamilton, Jethro Herberg, Bernardo Hourmat, Clive Hoggart, Myrsini Kaforou, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Victoria Wright, Amina Abdulla, Paul Agapow, Maeve Bartlett, Evangelos Bellos, Hariklia Eleftherohorinou, Rachel Galassini, David Inwald, Meg Mashbat, Stefanie Menikou, Sobia Mustafa, Simon Nadel, Rahmeen Rahman, Clare Thakker, Sumit Bokhandi, Sue Power, Heather Barham, Nazima Pathan, Jenna Ridout, Deborah White, Sarah Thurston, Saul Faust, Sanjay Patel, Jenni McCorkell, Patrick Davies, Lindsey Crate, Helen Navarra, Stephanie Carter, Raghu Ramaiah, Rekha Patel, Catherine Tuffrey, Andrew Gribbin, Sharon McCready, Mark Peters, Katie Hardy, Fran Standing, Lauren O'Neill, Eugenia Abelake, Akash Deep, Eniola Nsirim, Andrew Pollard, Louise Willis, Zoe Young, C Royad, Sonia White, Peter Marc Fortune, Phil Hudnott, Antonio Salas Ellacuriaga, Fernando Álvez González, Ruth Barral-Arca, María José Curras-Tuala, Natalia García, Luisa García Vicente, Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Jose Gómez Rial, Andrea Grela Beiroa, Antonio Justicia Grande, Pilar Leboráns Iglesias, Alba Elena Martínez Santos, Nazareth Martinón-Torres, José María Martinón Sánchez, Beatriz Morillo Gutiérrez, Belén Mosquera Pérez, Pablo Obando Pacheco, Sara Pischedda, Carmen Rodríguez-Tenreiro, Lorenzo Redondo-Collazo, Sonia Serén Fernández, María del Sol Porto Silva, Ana Vega, Lucía Vilanova Trillo, Susana Beatriz Reyes, María Cruz León León, Álvaro Navarro Mingorance, Xavier Gabaldó Barrios, Eider Oñate Vergara, Andrés Concha Torre, Ana Vivanco, Reyes Fernández, Francisco Giménez Sánchez, Miguel Sánchez Forte, Pablo Rojo, Jesús Ruiz Contreras, Alba Palacios, Cristina Epalza Ibarrondo, Elizabeth Fernández Cooke, Marisa Navarro, Cristina Álvarez Álvarez, María José Lozano, Eduardo Carreras, Sonia Brió Sanagustín, Olaf Neth, María del Carmen Martínez Padilla, Luis Manuel Prieto Tato, Sara Guillén, Laura Fernández Silveira, David Moreno, A. Marceline van Furth, Michiel van der Flier, Navin Prekash Boeddha, Gertjan JA Driessen, Jan A Hazelzet, Taco W Kuijpers, Dasja Pajkrt, Elisabeth AM Sanders, Diederik van de Beek, Arie van der Ende, Ria LA Philipsen, Abdul OA Adeel, Meike A Breukels, Danielle MC Brinkman, Carla CMM de Korte, Esther de Vries, Wouter J de Waal, Roel Dekkers, Anouk Dings-Lammertink, Rienus A Doedens, Albertine E Donker, Mieke Dousma, Tina E Faber, G Peter JM Gerrits, Jan AM Gerver, Jojanneke Heidema, Jenneke Homan-van der Veen, Monique AM Jacobs, Nicolaas JG Jansen, Pawel Kawczynski, Kristine Klucovska, Martin CJ Kneyber, Yvonne Koopman-Keemink, Veerle J Langenhorst, José Leusink, Bettina F Loza, Istvan T Merth, Carien J Miedema, Chris Neeleman, Jeroen G Noordzij, Charles C Obihara, A Lidy T van Overbeek - van Gils, Geriska H Poortman, Steph T Potgieter, Joke Potjewijd, Philippe PR Rosias, Tom Sprong, Gavin W ten Tussher, Boony J Thio, Gerdien A Tramper-Stranders, Marcel van Deuren, Henny van der Meer, Andre JM van Kuppevelt, Anne-Marie van Wermeskerken, Wim A Verwijs, Tom FW Wolfs, Luregn Jan Schlapbach, Philipp Agyeman, Christoph Aebi, Christoph Berger, Eric Giannoni, Martin Stocker, Klara M Posfay-Barbe, Ulrich Heininger, Sara Bernhard-Stirnemann, Anita Niederer-Loher, Christian Kahlert, Paul Hasters, Christa Relly, Walter Baer, Enitan Carrol, Stéphane Paulus, Hannah Frederick, Rebecca Jennings, Joanne Johnston, Rhian Kenwright, Colin G Fink, Elli Pinnock, Rachel Sarah Agbeko, Kalifa A Bojang, Isatou Sarr, Ngange Kebbeh, Gibbi Sey, Momodou Saidykhan, Fatoumata Cole, Gilleh Thomas, Martin Antonio, Daniela Sabine Klobassa, Alexander Binder, Nina Alexandra Schweintzger, Manfred Sagmeister, Hinrich Baumgart, Markus Baumgartner, Uta Behrends, Ariane Biebl, Robert Birnbacher, Jan-Gerd Blanke, Carsten Boelke, Kai Breuling, Jürgen Brunner, Maria Buller, Peter Dahlem, Beate Dietrich, Ernst Eber, Johannes Elias, Josef Emhofer, Rosa Etschmaier, Sebastian Farr, Ylenia Girtler, Irina Grigorow, Konrad Heimann, Ulrike Ihm, Zdenek Jaros, Hermann Kalhoff, Wilhelm Kaulfersch, Christoph Kemen, Nina Klocker, Bernhard Köster, Benno Kohlmaier, Eleni Komini, Lydia Kramer, Antje Neubert, Daniel Ortner, Lydia Pescollderungg, Klaus Pfurtscheller, Karl Reiter, Goran Ristic, Siegfried Rödl, Andrea Sellner, Astrid Sonnleitner, Matthias Sperl, Wolfgang Stelzl, Holger Till, Andreas Trobisch, Anne Vierzig, Ulrich Vogel, Christina Weingarten, Stefanie Welke, Andreas Wimmer, Uwe Wintergerst, Daniel Wüller, Andrew Zaunschirm, Ieva Ziuraite, Veslava Žukovskaja, Posfay Barbe, Klara, Pediatrics, Huisarts & Ziekenhuis, Tranzo, Scientific center for care and wellbeing, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, AII - Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, ANS - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, Neurology, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Pediatric surgery, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), The European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Meningitis Research Foundation, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), University of Zurich, and Martinón-Torres, Federico
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Male ,Pediatrics ,RJ101 ,Vascular damage Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 16] ,lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4] ,Severity of Illness Index ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cost of Illness ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Sepsis/epidemiology ,Prospective cohort study ,Child ,media_common ,ddc:618 ,Bacterial Infections ,Europe ,Child, Preschool ,Cohort ,Female ,Algorithms ,Cohort study ,medicine.medical_specialty ,610 Medicine & health ,Europe/epidemiology ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,030225 pediatrics ,Severity of illness ,medicine ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Humans ,2735 Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,European union ,Preschool ,Disease burden ,3204 Developmental and Educational Psychology ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Newborn ,Pneumonia ,10036 Medical Clinic ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,business ,Bacterial Infections/epidemiology - Abstract
Background Sepsis and severe focal infections represent a substantial disease burden in children admitted to hospital. We aimed to understand the burden of disease and outcomes in children with life-threatening bacterial infections in Europe. Methods The European Union Childhood Life-threatening Infectious Disease Study (EUCLIDS) was a prospective, multicentre, cohort study done in six countries in Europe. Patients aged 1 month to 18 years with sepsis (or suspected sepsis) or severe focal infections, admitted to 98 participating hospitals in the UK, Austria, Germany, Lithuania, Spain, and the Netherlands were prospectively recruited between July 1, 2012, and Dec 31, 2015. To assess disease burden and outcomes, we collected demographic and clinical data using a secured web-based platform and obtained microbiological data using locally available clinical diagnostic procedures. Findings 2844 patients were recruited and included in the analysis. 1512 (53·2%) of 2841 patients were male and median age was 39·1 months (IQR 12·4–93·9). 1229 (43·2%) patients had sepsis and 1615 (56·8%) had severe focal infections. Patients diagnosed with sepsis had a median age of 27·6 months (IQR 9·0–80·2), whereas those diagnosed with severe focal infections had a median age of 46·5 months (15·8–100·4; pInterpretation Mortality in children admitted to hospital for sepsis or severe focal infections is low in Europe. The disease burden is mainly in children younger than 5 years and is largely due to vaccine-preventable meningococcal and pneumococcal infections. Despite the availability and application of clinical procedures for microbiological diagnosis, the causative organism remained unidentified in approximately 50% of patients.
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- 2018
22. Towards a navigational logic for graphical structures
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Fernando Orejas, Elvira Pino, Leen Lambers, Marisa Navarro, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciències de la Computació, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals
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Generality ,Theoretical computer science ,Computer science ,Grafs, Teoria de ,Graph properties ,Graphical structures ,0102 computer and information sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Directed graph ,01 natural sciences ,Graph theory ,Informàtica::Informàtica teòrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,010201 computation theory & mathematics ,Graphic methods ,Inference rules ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Rule of inference ,Graph property ,Directed graphs - Abstract
One of the main advantages of the Logic of Nested Conditions, defined by Habel and Pennemann, for reasoning about graphs, is its generality: this logic can be used in the framework of many classes of graphs and graphical structures. It is enough that the category of these structures satisfies certain basic conditions. In a previous paper [14], we extended this logic to be able to deal with graph properties including paths, but this extension was only defined for the category of untyped directed graphs. In addition it seemed difficult to talk about paths abstractly, that is, independently of the given category of graphical structures. In this paper we approach this problem. In particular, given an arbitrary category of graphical structures, we assume that for every object of this category there is an associated edge relation that can be used to define a path relation. Moreover, we consider that edges have some kind of labels and paths can be specified by associating them to a set of label sequences. Then, after the presentation of that general framework, we show how it can be applied to several classes of graphs. Moreover, we present a set of sound inference rules for reasoning in the logic.
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- 2018
23. Disease disclosure, treatment adherence, and behavioural profile in a cohort of vertically acquired HIV-infected adolescents. NeuroCoRISpeS study
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María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, María Isabel González-Tomé, Gabriela Medin, Santiago Jimenez, Sara Guillén, Marisa Navarro Gomez, María José Mellado, Jesus Saavedra, Pablo Rojo Conejo, Cristina García-Navarro, José Tomás Ramos Amador, and Milagros García Hortelano
- Subjects
Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,Adolescent ,Social Psychology ,Cross-sectional study ,Social Stigma ,HIV Infections ,Truth Disclosure ,Medication Adherence ,Interviews as Topic ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,030225 pediatrics ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Child ,Psychiatry ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire ,Viral Load ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Spain ,Cohort ,Quality of Life ,Life expectancy ,Female ,business ,Psychosocial ,Viral load - Abstract
Advances in care and antiretroviral treatment, improved life expectancy and quality of life in children with perinatally-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. There is increasing interest in the chronic effects of growing up with HIV. The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial, emotional and behavioural functioning in a cohort of perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for emotional and behavioural disorders screening.A total of 95 patients (58% women) were assessed with a median age of 15 years (11-19.1) and a median age at diagnosis of 1.7 years (0-12.2). The median CD4 count, at the inclusion, was 626 cells/mm(3) (132-998), with 34% (10-52%). Viral load was50 copies/ml in 72% of patients. Eighty-one per cent knew their diagnosis and optimal adherence was achieved in 53%. Passive coping was reported in 58.4% of the adolescents. Only 7.7% of teenagers had a complete and adequate knowledge of their disease and only 18.2% had shared it with their friends. Six unwanted pregnancies occurred (11% of women). Most of them (90%) attended school but 60% had been held back one or more school years. Overall, SDQ scored a risk of behavioural and emotional problems in 24.5%. The report of behaviours associated with hyperactivity was high in 14.9% of the population and borderline in 18.1%. Adolescents with encephalopathy accounted for 44% of those whose total scores fell in either the abnormal and borderline ranges for emotional difficulties (p = .038).Perinatally-acquired HIV-infected adolescents showed significant psychosocial and behavioural health risks that should bring attention to prevention and health care programmes. An earlier disclosure to children could favour a better psychological adjustment and a better treatment adherence. Future studies are needed to assess the relationship between vertically acquired HIV-infection and hyperactivity.
- Published
- 2015
24. Aspectos psicosociales en una cohorte de adolescentes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana por transmisión vertical. NeuroCoRISpeS
- Author
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Daniel Blázquez Gamero, Isabel Jado Garcia, Marisa Navarro-Gómez, M. Isabel González-Tomé, José Tomás Ramos-Amador, M. José Mellado-Peña, M. Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, M. I. de José Gómez, Gabriela Medín, Marisol Cortés, Cristina García-Navarro, and Berta Zamora Crespo
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) - Abstract
Resumen Introduccion Los avances en el tratamiento antirretroviral han mejorado la esperanza de vida de ninos con infeccion por VIH por transmision vertical. Sin embargo, han aparecido nuevos retos. Planteamos este estudio con el objetivo de determinar los aspectos psicosociales y el conocimiento sobre su enfermedad en una cohorte de adolescentes con infeccion por VIH por transmision vertical. Metodos Se incluyeron pacientes con infeccion por VIH por transmision vertical con edades comprendidas entre 12-19 anos. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevista semiestructurada y el Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire para cribado de trastornos emocionales y de conducta. Resultados Se evaluaron 96 pacientes (58% mujeres) con mediana de edad de 15 anos (11-19,1) y mediana de edad del diagnostico de 1,70 anos (0-12,2). La mediana de CD4 en el momento del corte fue 626 cels/mm3 (132-998); el 72% de los pacientes presentaban una carga viral Conclusion Se objetivan dificultades psicosociales en un elevado porcentaje de pacientes (conocimiento de la enfermedad, relacion con pares, fracaso escolar...) que podrian tener impacto en su incorporacion a la vida adulta. Son necesarios mas estudios para profundizar en el origen y evolucion de las dificultades observadas, asi como intervenir para prevenir y modificar esta situacion.
- Published
- 2014
25. CONCORDANCE BETWEEN THE TUBERCULIN SKIN TESTING (TST) AND QUANTIFERON-TB-GOLD® (QTF) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN CHILDREN
- Author
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Marisa Navarro
- Published
- 2017
26. Profile of molecular mutations in pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, and pfcrt genes of Plasmodium falciparum related to resistance to different anti-malarial drugs in the Bata District (Equatorial Guinea)
- Author
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Marisa Navarro, José M. Rubio, Taiomara Fernández, Agustín Benito, Vicenta González, Pedro Berzosa, Zaida Herrador, Maria A. Santana-Morales, María Romay-Barja, Matilde Riloha, Luz García, Policarpo Ncogo, Basilio Valladares, Andrés Esteban-Cantos, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Resistance ,Drug Resistance ,Protozoan Proteins ,Drug resistance ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Gene Frequency ,Chloroquine ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Drug Combinations ,Pyrimethamine ,Infectious Diseases ,Equatorial Guinea ,Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ,Mutations ,medicine.drug ,Genotype ,Sulfadoxine ,Plasmodium falciparum ,030231 tropical medicine ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Amodiaquine ,P. falciparum ,Antimalarials ,03 medical and health sciences ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Dihydropteroate Synthase ,Research ,Membrane Transport Proteins ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Virology ,Malaria ,Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,Artesunate ,Mutation ,Parasitology ,Antimalarial drugs - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The emergence of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has been a major contributor to the global burden of malaria. Drug resistance complicates treatment, and it is one of the most important problems in malaria control. This study assessed the level of mutations in P. falciparum genes, pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, and pfcrt, related to resistance to different anti-malarial drugs, in the Continental Region of Equatorial Guinea, after 8 years of implementing artesunate combination therapies as the first-line treatment. RESULTS: A triple mutant of pfdhfr (51I/59R/108N), which conferred resistance to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP), was found in 78% of samples from rural settings; its frequency was significantly different between urban and rural settings (p = 0.007). The 164L mutation was detected for the first time in this area, in rural settings (1.4%). We also identified three classes of previously described mutants and their frequencies: the partially resistant (pfdhfr 51I/59R/108N + pfdhps 437G), found at 54% (95% CI 47.75-60.25); the fully resistant (pfdhfr 51I/59R/108N + pfdhps 437G/540E), found at 28% (95% CI 7.07-14.93); and the super resistant (pfdhfr 51I/59R/108N + pfdhps 437G/540E/581G), found at 6% (95% CI 0.48-4.32). A double mutation in pfmdr1 (86Y + 1246Y) was detected at 2% (95% CI 0.24-3.76) frequency, distributed in both urban and rural samples. A combination of single mutations in the pfmdr1 and pfcrt genes (86Y + 76T), which was related to resistance to chloroquine and amodiaquine, was detected in 22% (95% CI 16.8-27.2) of samples from the area. CONCLUSIONS: The high level of mutations detected in P. falciparum genes related to SP resistance could be linked to the unsuccessful withdrawal of SP treatment in this area. Drug resistance can reduce the efficacy of intermittent prophylactic treatment with SP for children under 5 years old and for pregnant women. Although a high number of mutations was detected, the efficacy of the first-line treatment, artemisinin/amodiaquine, was not affected. To avoid increases in the numbers, occurrence, and spread of mutations, and to protect the population, the Ministry of Health should ensure that health centres and hospitals are supplied with appropriate first-line treatments for malaria. We would like to thank the National Malaria Control Programme and Ministry of Health and Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Equatorial Guinea for their assistance. We would also like to thank the Network of Tropical Diseases Research Centres (Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales/ RICET-: RD12/0018/0001). This work has been done under the project: PI14CIII/00064-TRPY 1282/15 and was funded by the Institute of Health Carlos III. Sí
- Published
- 2017
27. Lack of concordance in parapneumonic effusion management in Central European children: Spain is not different
- Author
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Luis, Moral, Manuel, Sánchez-Solis, Francisco Jose, Cambra, Marisa, Navarro, and Iñaki, Eizaguirre
- Subjects
Pleural Effusion ,Spain ,Humans ,Child ,Empyema, Pleural ,Retrospective Studies - Published
- 2016
28. Proceedings XV Jornadas sobre Programación y Lenguajes
- Author
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Marisa Navarro
- Published
- 2015
29. Insects, birds and lizards as pollinators of the largest-flowered Scrophularia of Europe and Macaronesia
- Author
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Josefa López, Tomás Rodríguez-Riaño, Carlos Mayo, Marisa Navarro-Pérez, Ana Ortega-Olivencia, Francisco J. Valtueña, and José Luis Pérez-Bote
- Subjects
Scrophularia ,Insecta ,biology ,Pollination ,Wasps ,Lizards ,Phylloscopus canariensis ,Original Articles ,Flowers ,Plant Science ,Hymenoptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Passerine ,Birds ,Inflorescence ,Pollinator ,biology.animal ,Botany ,Animals ,Endemism - Abstract
† Background and Aims It has traditionally been considered that the flowers of Scrophularia are mainly pollinated by wasps. We studied the pollination system of four species which stand out for their large and showy flowers: S. sambucifolia and S. grandiflora (endemics of the western Mediterranean region), S. trifoliata (an endemic of the Tyrrhenian islands) and S. calliantha (an endemic of the Canary Islands). Our principal aim was to test whether these species were pollinated by birds or showed a mixed pollination system between insects and birds. † Methods Censuses and captures of insects and birds were performed to obtain pollen load transported and deposited on the stigmas. Also, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flowers and inflorescences was carried out. † Key Results Flowers were visited by Hymenoptera and by passerine birds. The Canarian species was the most visited by birds, especially by Phylloscopus canariensis, and its flowers were also accessed by juveniles of the lizard Gallotia stehlini. The most important birds in the other three species were Sylvia melanocephala and S. atricapilla. The most important insect-functional groups in the mixed pollination system were: honey-bees and wasps in S. sambucifolia; bumble-bees and wasps in S. grandiflora; wasps in S. trifoliata; and a small bee in S. calliantha. † Conclusions The species studied show a mixed pollination system between insects and passerine birds. In S. calliantha there is, in addition, a third agent ( juveniles of Gallotia stehlini). The participation of birds in this mixed pollination system presents varying degrees of importance because, while in S. calliantha they are the main pollinators, in the other species they interact to complement the insects which are the main pollinators. A review of different florae showed that the large showy floral morphotypes of Scrophularia are concentrated in the western and central Mediterranean region, Macaronesia and USA (New Mexico).
- Published
- 2011
30. Anticuerpos anti-VHB y VHA en niños y adolescentes con VIH
- Author
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María Isabel González-Tomé, Marisa Navarro, María Fernández-Ibieta, José Tomás Ramos, María José Cilleruelo, and Sara Guillén
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Hepatitis B virus ,Hepatitis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,Hepatitis A ,Hepatitis B ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Vaccination ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,Immunology ,Medicine ,Population study ,Seroprevalence ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) have a higher risk of developing chronic HBV infection and a higher risk of hepatotoxicity. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) in HIV-infected patients may require antiretroviral treatment interruption, producing prolonged viremia. In this study, we assess the prevalence of protective antibodies in these patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of IgG antibodies against HAV and antibody against HBs (anti-HBs) in a cohort of 121 HIV-infected children and adolescents (1–19 years), followed-up in 4 public hospitals in Madrid (Spain). Results: Among the total, 12.4% (95% CI: 7.1–19.6%) of children and adolescents had positive serology for HAV. Children of immigrant origin presented a higher percentage than children born in Spain: 50% vs. 6.2%, respectively (Po0.001). In addition, 16.5% (95% CI: 10.4–24.3) of the study population had protective antiHBs. A higher percentage of children with anti-HBs antibodies was seen in CDC clinical category A: 20% vs. 16% of those in clinical category B vs. 9.4% of those in clinical category C (P ¼ 0.19). The percentage of positive-positive children progressively decreased according to the years elapsed since HBV vaccination. Discussion: Most HIV-infected children and adolescents have no protective antibodies against natural infection by HBV and HAV. More studies are needed to define the best vaccination strategy to achieve a higher percentage of patients protected against these infections.
- Published
- 2009
31. Systematic Semantic Tableaux for PLTL
- Author
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Marisa Navarro, Jose Gaintzarain, Montserrat Hermo, and Paqui Lucio
- Subjects
Discrete mathematics ,Method of analytic tableaux ,Theoretical computer science ,General Computer Science ,Sequent calculus ,Tree (graph theory) ,Graph ,Satisfiability ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Automated theorem proving ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,Tableaux ,Linear temporal logic ,TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS ,Computer Science::Logic in Computer Science ,Finitary ,Computer Science(all) ,Propositional Linear Temporal Logic ,Mathematics - Abstract
The better known methods of semantic tableaux for deciding satisfiability in propositional linear temporal logic generate graphs in addition to classical trees. The test of satisfaction is made from the graph and it does not correspond with the application of rules in any calculus for PLTL. We present here a new method of semantic tableaux without using additional graphs. The method is based on a new complete finitary sequent calculus for PLTL which allows us to incorporate all the information in a tree. This approach makes our tableaux better suited for completely automatic theorem proving.
- Published
- 2008
32. Salvage Therapy With Abacavir and Other Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors for Human Immunodeficiency-Associated Encephalopathy
- Author
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Leal Ja, de José Mi, Luque I, Marisa Navarro, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano, Sanz F, Irlbeck D, Lanier Er, Carla Lopes Rodriguez, Mellado Mj, Madison Sj, Octavio Ramilo, Pablo Martin-Fontelos, and José Tomás Ramos
- Subjects
Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,AIDS Dementia Complex ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Encephalopathy ,CD4-CD8 Ratio ,Salvage therapy ,Pilot Projects ,Gastroenterology ,Drug Hypersensitivity ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,immune system diseases ,Abacavir ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Internal medicine ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II ,Child ,Sida ,Salvage Therapy ,Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor ,biology ,business.industry ,HIV ,Infant ,virus diseases ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Dideoxynucleosides ,Reverse transcriptase ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,RNA, Viral ,Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
HIV-associated encephalopathy (HIV-AE) is a severe neurologic condition that affects HIV-infected children. The potential benefit of antiretroviral (ARV) agents with good cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration remains to be defined. Abacavir (ABC) achieves good CSF concentrations and studies of high-dose ABC showed benefit in adults with HIV dementia. The present study evaluated the safety and virologic, immunologic and neuropsychological responses of an ARV regimen including high-dose ABC in children with HIV-AE.Children between 3 months and 18 years old and abacavir-naive with HIV-AE and virologic failure were eligible.: Seventeen children (16 ARV-experienced) were enrolled and 14 children completed 48 weeks of therapy. The overall tolerability was good; 2 children had a possible hypersensitivity reaction. At week 48, 53% and 59% of the children achieved HIV RNA levels below the limit of quantitation in plasma and CSF, respectively. The median (25%-75% range) change of HIV RNA from baseline to week 48 was -2.29 (-0.81 to -2.47) log10 copies/mL in plasma and -0.94 (0 to -1.13) log10 copies/mL in CSF. The mean increases in CD4 (+/-standard error of mean) cell count and CD4% were 427 (+/-169) cells/mm and 8% (+/-2), respectively. Concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II were reduced in plasma and CSF. Children less than 6 years of age demonstrated significant neuropsychological improvement at week 48.In the present study with a limited number of children, highly active ARV therapy including high-dose ABC showed a safety profile similar to standard dose ABC and provided clinical, immunologic and virologic response in children with HIV-AE at week 48. Children less than 6 years of age also demonstrated significant neuropsychological improvement.
- Published
- 2006
33. Lack of concordance in parapneumonic effusion management in Central European children: Spain is not different
- Author
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Marisa Navarro, Francisco José Cambra, Luis Moral, Manuel Sanchez-Solis, and Iñaki Eizaguirre
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,business.industry ,Pleural effusion ,Concordance ,MEDLINE ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Empyema ,Parapneumonic effusion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,030225 pediatrics ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2016
34. Reconstitución inmunológica en niños infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 tras 2 años de tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad
- Author
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Dolores Gurbindo, Juan Antonio León, M. Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, José Tomás Ramos, Julián Clemente, Marisa Navarro, José María Bellón, and Salvador Resino
- Subjects
business.industry ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Humanities - Abstract
Fundamento Realizar un analisis de las subpoblaciones T implicadas en la recuperacion delsistema inmunitario en ninos infectados por el VIH-1 con terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad(TARGA) durante mas de 24 meses. Pacientes y metodo Se estudio a 17 ninos infectados por el VIH-1: a) grupo Res (ninos infectadospor el VIH-1 respondedores a TARGA): 10 ninos en categoria C3 al entrar en el estudio y trasmas de 24 meses con TARGA recuperan celulas T CD4+ (> 25% y 500 celulas T CD4+/ml) ycontrolan la replicacion viral, y b) grupo no-Res (ninos infectados por el VIH-1 no respondedoresa TARGA): 7 ninos en categoria C3 al entrar en el estudio y que tras mas de 24 meses con TARGAno recuperan celulas T CD4+ ( Resultados El grupo Res recupero los valores de celulas T CD4+ y CD8+ virgen (CD45RA+CD62L+)y memoria (CD45RO+) hasta alcanzar los valores del grupo control, siendo las diferencias significativascon respecto al grupo no-Res, excepto para las celulas CD8+CD45RO+ de los gruposRes y no-Res, que fueron mas elevadas que el grupo control. Ademas, el grupo Res tuvo valoresmas bajos de celulas CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ que el grupo no-Res, aunque ambos grupos VIH-1(Res y no-Res) tuvieron valores significativamente mas altos de celulas T CD4+ y CD8+ activadas(HLA-DR+CD38+) que el grupo control. Conclusiones la recuperacion del sistema inmunitario inducida por la TARGA en los ninos infectadospor el VIH-1 parece ser la consecuencia de la disminucion de la activacion cronica delsistema inmunitario y de la recuperacion de las celulas T virgen.
- Published
- 2002
35. [Psychosocial aspects in a cohort of vertically transmitted human immunodeficiency virus-infected adolescents]
- Author
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Cristina, García-Navarro, Isabel, García, Gabriela, Medín, José Tomás, Ramos-Amador, Marisa, Navarro-Gómez, M José, Mellado-Peña, M I de José, Gómez, Marisol, Cortés, Berta, Zamora Crespo, M Angeles, Muñoz-Fernandez, Daniel Blázquez, Gamero, and M Isabel, González-Tomé
- Subjects
Male ,Young Adult ,Adolescent ,Mental Disorders ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,HIV Infections ,Child ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - Abstract
Thanks to advances in antiretroviral treatment, children with HIV infections through vertical transmission have improved their life expectancy. However, new challenges have emerged. We propose this study in order to determine the psychosocial aspects and knowledge of infections in a cohort of adolescents with vertically transmitted HIV infections.Patients with vertically-acquired HIV infection between 12 and 19 years old were included. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for emotional and behavioral disorders screening.We evaluated 96 patients (58% females) with a median age of 15 years (11-19.1) and a median age at diagnosis of 1.70 years (0-12.2). The median CD4 count was 626cells/mm(3) (132-998), and the viral load was50cp/ml in 72% of patients. Among them, 90% attended school and 60% repeated at least one course. Although 81% of them knew of their diagnosis, only 30% understood their disease, with 18.2% having discussed it with friends. Six unwanted pregnancies occurred during the study period. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire showed hyperactivity risk in 33%.A high percentage of adolescents show difficulties in several areas (disease knowledge, peer relationship, school failure...) that can have an impact on their adult lives. Further studies are needed to evaluate their origin and development in depth, as well as interventions to modify this situation.
- Published
- 2013
36. Algebraic implementation of abstract data types: a survey of concepts and new compositionality results
- Author
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Fernando Orejas, Ana Sánchez, and Marisa Navarro
- Subjects
Correctness ,Theoretical computer science ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Principle of compositionality ,Programming language ,Software development ,Abstract data type ,computer.software_genre ,Computer Science Applications ,Software development process ,Software framework ,Mathematics (miscellaneous) ,Software design ,business ,Implementation ,computer - Abstract
In this paper we try to shed some light on the similarities and differences in the different approaches defining the notions of implementation and implementation correctness. For obvious reasons, we do not discuss all existing approaches individually. Instead a formal framework is introduced in order to discuss the most important ones. Additionally, we discuss some issues which in our opinion are often misunderstood, concerning transitivity of implementation correctness and its role in the software development process. In particular, on the one hand, we show that for reasonable notions of implementation it is almost impossible to prove transitivity of implementation correctness at the specification level. On the other hand, we show that this is not really important if the programming language satisfies the properties of horizontal an vertical composition. 1. What is an Implementation? In the framework of software development, programs may be seen as the result of a process starting from a "high-level specification" SP0 and ending at a "low level program" P. In between, different "lower-level specifications" SP1, ..., SPn are produced. This process is called "implementation" and P is said to be an implementation of SP0 (and of SP1, ..., SPn). In our context, we also consider SPi to be an implementation of SPj, whenever i>j. If we analyze this implementation process in detail we recognize three different kinds of steps (often intertwined). These steps can themselves be called implementations and have provided intuition for different kinds of implementation concepts. They can be described as follows
- Published
- 1996
37. Semantics of structured normal logic programs
- Author
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Edelmira Pasarella, Elvira Pino, Fernando Orejas, Marisa Navarro, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ALBCOM - Algorismia, Bioinformàtica, Complexitat i Mètodes Formals
- Subjects
Llenguatges de programació -- Semàntica ,Theoretical computer science ,Programació lògica ,Logic ,Game semantics ,computer.software_genre ,Logic programming ,Operational semantics ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Visibility rules ,Denotational semantics ,Equivalence (formal languages) ,Intuitionistic structures ,Structuring mechanism ,Mathematics ,Programming language ,Embedded implication ,Axiomatic semantics ,Semantics ,Normal logic programs ,Action semantics ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Informàtica::Informàtica teòrica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Well-founded semantics ,Programming languages (Electronic computers) -- Semantics ,computer ,Software ,Stable model semantics - Abstract
In this paper we provide semantics for normal logic programs enriched with structuring mechanisms and scoping rules. Specifically, we consider constructive negation and expressions of the form Q G Q in goals, where Q is a program unit, G is a goal and stands for the so-called embedded implication. Allowing the use of these expressions can be seen as adding block structuring to logic programs. In this context, we consider static and dynamic rules for visibility in blocks. In particular, we provide new semantic definitions for the class of normal logic programs with both visibility rules. For the dynamic case we follow a standard approach. We first propose an operational semantics. Then, we define a model-theoretic semantics in terms of ordered structures which are a kind of intuitionistic Beth structures. Finally, an (effective) fixpoint semantics is provided and we prove the equivalence of these three definitions. In order to deal with the static case, we first define an operational semantics and then we present an alternative semantics in terms of a transformation of the given structured programs into flat ones. We finish by showing that this transformation preserves the computed answers of the given static program.
- Published
- 2012
38. Contextual rewriting as a sound and complete proof method for conditional LOG-specifications
- Author
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Jean-Luc Rémy, Marisa Navarro, and Fernando Orejas
- Subjects
Discrete mathematics ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Two-element Boolean algebra ,Algebraic specification ,Complete Boolean algebra ,Logical consequence ,Boolean algebra ,Algebra ,symbols.namesake ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS ,Computer Science::Logic in Computer Science ,Confluence ,ComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION ,symbols ,Rewriting ,Variety (universal algebra) ,Software ,Information Systems ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this paper we provide foundations to contextual rewriting. We present the class of LOG-specifications, which may be seen, essentially, as a variety of conditional specifications, which may be seen, essentially, as a of LOG-specifications are LOG-algebras, i.e. algebras satisfying that their boolean part coincides with the boolean algebra of two elements. With respect to this semantics, a proof-system called L is presented characterizing logical consequence proof-theoretically. Then, we show that, under adequate assumptions of confluence and finite termination, contextual rewriting is a complete method for this kind of specifications.
- Published
- 1993
39. [Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A and B in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents]
- Author
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María, Fernández-Ibieta, Jose Tomás, Ramos, Maria Isabel, González-Tomé, Sara, Guillén, Marisa, Navarro, and Maria José, Cilleruelo
- Subjects
Male ,Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ,Adolescent ,Infant ,HIV Infections ,Hepatitis A ,Hepatitis B ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Child, Preschool ,Immunoglobulin G ,HIV-1 ,Humans ,Female ,Child - Abstract
Patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) have a higher risk of developing chronic HBV infection and a higher risk of hepatotoxicity. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) in HIV-infected patients may require antiretroviral treatment interruption, producing prolonged viremia. In this study, we assess the prevalence of protective antibodies in these patients.A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of IgG antibodies against HAV and antibody against HBs (anti-HBs) in a cohort of 121 HIV-infected children and adolescents (1-19 years), followed-up in 4 public hospitals in Madrid (Spain).Among the total, 12.4% (95% CI: 7.1-19.6%) of children and adolescents had positive serology for HAV. Children of immigrant origin presented a higher percentage than children born in Spain: 50% vs. 6.2%, respectively (P0.001). In addition, 16.5% (95% CI: 10.4-24.3) of the study population had protective anti-HBs. A higher percentage of children with anti-HBs antibodies was seen in CDC clinical category A: 20% vs. 16% of those in clinical category B vs. 9.4% of those in clinical category C (P=0.19). The percentage of positive-positive children progressively decreased according to the years elapsed since HBV vaccination.Most HIV-infected children and adolescents have no protective antibodies against natural infection by HBV and HAV. More studies are needed to define the best vaccination strategy to achieve a higher percentage of patients protected against these infections.
- Published
- 2008
40. A Transformational Semantics of Static Embedded Implications of Normal Logic Programs
- Author
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Fernando Orejas, Elvira Pino, Marisa Navarro, and Edelmira Pasarella
- Subjects
Theoretical computer science ,Procedural programming ,Computer science ,Well-founded semantics ,Programming language ,Semantics (computer science) ,Constraint logic programming ,Intuitionistic logic ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Operational semantics ,Logic programming ,Stable model semantics - Abstract
There are mainly two approaches for structuring logic programs. The first one is based on defining some notion of program unit or module and on providing a number of composition operators. The second approach consists in enriching logic programming with a mechanism of abstraction and scoping rules that are frequently found, for instance, in procedural programming. More precisely, this approach has been advocated by Miller and others using implications embedded in the goals of the given program as a structuring mechanism. However, as Giordano, Martelli and Rossi pointed out, we can associate two different visibility rules (static and dynamic) to this kind of structuring mechanism where, obviously, the semantics of the given program depends on the chosen rule. In this paper we consider normal constraint logic programs (with constructive negation a la Drabent as operational semantics) extended with embedded implications with a static visibility rule. This class of programs combines the expressive power of normal programs with the capability to organize and to enhance dinamically their sets of clauses. In particular, first, we introduce an operational semantics based on constructive negation for this class of programs, taking into account the static visibility rule. Then, we present an alternative semantics in terms of a transformation of the given structured program into a flat one. Finally, we prove the adequacy of this transformation by showing that it preserves the computed answers of the given program. Obviously, this transformation semantics can be used as the basis for an implementation of this structuring mechanism.
- Published
- 2006
41. On the equivalence of hierarchical and non-hierarchical rewriting on conditional term rewriting systems
- Author
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Marisa Navarro and Fernando Orejas
- Subjects
Algebra ,Initial algebra ,Conditional term ,Confluence ,Semi-Thue system ,Rewriting ,Equivalence (formal languages) ,Abstract data type ,Mathematics - Abstract
To avoid certain specific problems (concerning termination) of conditional term rewriting systems, most of the authors cited above work. with, the so-called, hierarchical rewriting~ the systems are defined it, a hierarchical mar, r, er (by successive enrichments), the conditior, part of a giver, rule should only involve terms of lower hierarchy level, and, finally, when applying a rule the variables occurring in the condition may only be instantiated by terms of lower hierarchy~ This should guarantee to avoid the circularity problems that may appear on the evaluation of the conditions.
- Published
- 2005
42. Safety and antiviral response at 12 months of lopinavir/ritonavir therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children experienced with three classes of antiretrovirals
- Author
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Claudia Fortuny, de José Mi, Marisa Navarro, González-Montero R, Esther Cabrero, Otero C, Antonio Mur, Mellado Mj, Dueñas J, JT Ramos, María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández, and I Pocheville
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Combination therapy ,Adolescent ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Lopinavir/ritonavir ,HIV Infections ,Pyrimidinones ,Pharmacology ,Lopinavir ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Protease inhibitor (pharmacology) ,Adverse effect ,Child ,Salvage Therapy ,Intention-to-treat analysis ,Ritonavir ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,Regimen ,Infectious Diseases ,Treatment Outcome ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,HIV-1 ,RNA, Viral ,Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Introduction. Many human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected children have already failed treatment with 2 or even 3 classes of antiretrovirals. Coformulation of lopinavir with low dose ritonavir exhibits a potent antiretroviral effect. However, the data in heavily pretreated children are still scarce. This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of combination therapy including lopinavir/ ritonavir in children with prior exposure to all classes of oral antiretrovirals. Methods. This was an open label multicenter observational study, in which data were reviewed according to a standardized protocol. The study population included all HIV-1-infected children with virologic failure (HIV-1 RNA >5000 copies/mL) followed in 12 Spanish hospitals for >12 months, experienced with the 3 classes of oral antiretrovirals, in whom a lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen was started. Results. By March 2003, 45 patients had been treated with lopinavir/ritonavir for a median of 18 months (range, 3-28). The median age at baseline was 9.7 years (range, 4.3-17.1). The median times of prior treatment were 88 months (range, 31-145) with nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitors and 42 months (range, 19-63) with protease inhibitors. Twenty-five patients were classified as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention clinical category C. Median values for absolute and percentage CD4 at baseline were 501 (range, 6-1512) and 19% (range, 0.5-49), respectively, and plasma HIV-RNA was 5.0 log 10 copies/mL (range, 4.1-6.1). During follow-up, 11 (24%) children switched from liquid to solid formulation. At 48 weeks, the median values for absolute and percentage CD4 increased by 199 cells/μL and 3%, respectively, and median plasma viral load declined 1.75 log 10 copies/mL. Forty-two percent of children achieved a plasma RNA of
- Published
- 2005
43. Goals in the Propositional Horn ⊃ Language Are Monotone Boolean Circuits
- Author
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Jose Gaintzarain, Montserrat Hermo, and Marisa Navarro
- Subjects
Propositional variable ,Horn clause ,business.industry ,Boolean circuit ,Well-formed formula ,Zeroth-order logic ,Horn-satisfiability ,Algebra ,TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES ,TheoryofComputation_LOGICSANDMEANINGSOFPROGRAMS ,Boolean expression ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Logic programming ,Mathematics - Abstract
Horn⊃ is a logic programming language which extends usual Horn clauses by adding intuitionistic implication in goals and clause bodies. This extension can be seen as a form of structuring programs in logic programming. Restricted to the propositional setting of this language, we prove that any goal in Horn⊃ can be translated into a monotone Boolean circuit which is linear in the size of the goal.
- Published
- 2005
44. A two-stage classifier for broken and blurred digits in forms
- Author
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Javier Muguerza, C. Rodriguez, A. Zarate, J. Perez, José I. Martín, and Marisa Navarro
- Subjects
Contextual image classification ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Classifier (linguistics) ,Pattern recognition ,Optical character recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,computer.software_genre ,business ,Classifier (UML) ,computer - Abstract
A classifier for an automatic system that recognizes multifont typewritten digits, often broken and blurred, in forms is presented. The classification, which is based on the utilization of a global feature, is applied in two phases. Firstly, a minimum distance method (1-NN) is applied in a multifont classifier to provide a global classification of the patterns in a form. A problem associated to multifont classifiers is the interference among classes in different fonts. An interesting aspect of this particular application is that it is highly probable that a form includes just one font. Then, in the second phase, a specialized classifier, oriented to one-form, uses the patterns in the form previously classified to validate, or reject and reclassify them, on the basis of the mean distance to the predefined classes. This specialized classifier affords significant improvement in performance. A classification accuracy rate of 99.42% has been achieved.
- Published
- 2002
45. Segmentation of low-quality typewritten digits
- Author
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J. Perez, Javier Muguerza, C. Rodriguez, Marisa Navarro, José I. Martín, and A. Zarate
- Subjects
Segmentation-based object categorization ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Process (computing) ,Scale-space segmentation ,Pattern recognition ,Image segmentation ,Function (mathematics) ,Optical character recognition ,computer.software_genre ,Metric (mathematics) ,Segmentation ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
This work addresses the segmentation of numeric fields in forms presenting blurring, breaks and touching in digits. In an OCR system, the segmentation phase plays a determinant role in the global accuracy of the system. Segmentation is basically addressed from two approaches: (a) as an isolated phase in the OCR process, and (b) as interacting with the recognition of the segmented item. In this work, we have considered the first one in order to develop a robust new cost function combining vertical projection, Tsujimoto metric (1991) and background information. Unlike other techniques reported in the literature, ours obtains a near-optimum number of break points in fields containing broken, blurred and touching characters, leading to high accuracy in the global OCR system. Our experiments with a sample including about 11283 numeric fields in 144 forms (more than 50000 digits of that kind) show that 99.74% of fields have been correctly segmented. The new cost function only made 50 errors.
- Published
- 2002
46. [Immunologic recovery after 2-years on HAART in vertically HIV-infected children]
- Author
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Salvador, Resino, José M, Bellón, Dolores, Gurbindo, José Tomás, Ramos, Marisa, Navarro, Juan Antonio, León, Julián, Clemente, and M Angeles, Muñoz-Fernández
- Subjects
Adult ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Remission Induction ,Humans ,HIV Infections ,Child ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Our purpose was to carry out an analysis of T cells subsets involved in the recovery of the immune system in vertically HIV-1-infected children, on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) over more than 24 months.Seventeen HIV-1-infected children were studied: a) Res-group (HIV-1-infected children who were HAART-responders): 10 children in category C3 at entry in the study who, after more than 24 months on HAART, recovered CD4+ T cells (25% and 500 CD4+ T-cells/ml) and may control viral replicación, and b) non-Res group (HIV-1-infected children who did not respond to HAART): 7 children in category C3 at entry in the study who, after more than 24 months on HAART, did not recover CD4+ T-cells (15% or 200 CD4+ T-cells/ml) and did not control viral replication. As control group, 12 HIV-1-uninfected children with similar ages were included in the study.Children in the Res-group recovered the values of CD4+, CD8+ naïve (CD45RA+CD62L+) and memory (CD45RO+) T-cells until reaching the values of the control group. The differences were significant with regard to the non-Res group, except for the CD8+CD45RO+ T-cells of the Res and non-Res groups which were higher than the control group. Moreover, Res-group had values of CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+ T-cells lower than the non-Res group, yet both HIV-1 groups (Res and non-Res) had significantly higher values of CD4+ and CD8+ activated (HLA-DR+CD38+) T-cells than the control group.The recovery of the immune system induced by HAART in HIV-1-infected children seems to be the consequence of the decrease of the immune system chronic activation and the recovery of naïve T-cells.
- Published
- 2002
47. A new cost function for typewritten digits segmentation
- Author
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Javier Muguerza, A. Zarate, Marisa Navarro, J. Perez, José I. Martín, and C. Rodriguez
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,Scale-space segmentation ,Function (mathematics) ,Image segmentation ,Optical character recognition ,computer.software_genre ,Handwriting recognition ,Metric (mathematics) ,Pattern recognition (psychology) ,Segmentation ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
This work presents a solution to the problem of the segmentation of digits in forms characterized by its low quality, as well as the existence of breaks and touching digits. We propose a new function of segmentation that adds to two traditional techniques (vertical projections and Tsujimoto metric) information of background of the digit. Unlike other techniques reported in the literature, ours obtains a near-optimum number of break points in fields containing broken, blurred and touching characters, leading to high accuracy in the global OCR system. The accuracy obtained in the segmentation of the forms fields is of 99,74% on a sample of 11,283 fields of 144 forms of low quality, which provides a final accuracy to the automatic recognition process of 99,42% of digits correctly classified.
- Published
- 1998
48. A hierarchical classifier for multifont digits
- Author
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José I. Martín, Marisa Navarro, C. Rodriguez, Javier Muguerza, J. Perez, and A. Zarate
- Subjects
Basis (linear algebra) ,Computer science ,Handwriting recognition ,Speech recognition ,Pattern recognition (psychology) ,Feature (machine learning) ,Optical character recognition ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Hierarchical classifier - Abstract
In this paper, the automatic recognition of broken and blurred, multifont typewritten digits in forms will be addressed. The classification, which is based on the utilization of a global feature, is divided in two phases: first, a minimum distance method (1-NN) is applied to provide a global classification of the patterns in a form; second, the patterns in the form previously classified are used to validate, or reject and reclassify them, on the basis of the mean distance to the predefined classes. In this way, a classification accuracy rate of 99.42% has been achieved.
- Published
- 1998
49. On the Correctness of Modular Systems
- Author
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Marisa Navarro, Fernando Orejas, and Ana Sánchez
- Published
- 1994
50. Implementation and behavioural equivalence: A survey
- Author
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Fernando Orejas, Marisa Navarro, and Ana Sánchez
- Subjects
Software development process ,Transitive relation ,Theoretical computer science ,Correctness ,Computer science ,Equivalence (formal languages) ,Abstract data type ,Implementation - Abstract
In this paper we try to shed some light over the similarities and differences among the different approaches to define implementations and behavioural equivalence. For obvious reasons, we do not discuss all existing approaches individually. However a formal framework is used to discuss the most important ones. Additionally, some issues concerning implementations that in our opinion are often misunderstood, especially transitivity of implementation correctness and its role in the software development process, are discussed in detail.
- Published
- 1993
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