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Purpose: Uncertainties remain about the safety and efficacy of therapies for managing intracranial hypertension in acute brain injured (ABI) patients. This study aims to describe the therapeutical approaches used in ABI, with/without intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, among different pathologies and across different countries, and their association with sixmonths mortality and neurological outcome. Methods: A preplanned subanalysis of the SYNAPSE-ICU study, a multicentre, prospective, international, observational cohort study, describing the ICP treatment, graded according to Therapy Intensity Level (TIL) scale, in patients with ABI during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Results: 2320 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 55 (I-III quartiles = 39-69) years, and 800 (34.5%) were female. During the first week from ICU admission, no-basic TIL was used in 382 (16.5%) patients, mild-moderate in 1643 (70.8%), and extreme in 295 cases (eTIL, 12.7%). Patients who received eTIL were younger (median age 49 (I-III quartiles = 35-62) vs 56 (40-69) years, p

O movimento, aqui transcrito enquanto coreografia, atua como metodologia para refletir sobre o papel do corpo na produção do conhecimento em sentido amplo: teórico-artístico-científico. Levando-se em consideração as relações entre dança, palavra e literatura, assim como as relações com outras artes, realizam-se considerações variadas, a partir de críticas da literatura e da cultura, buscando interpretações para um pensamento coreográfico negro.

O artigo trata da alocação estratégica das emendas individuais ao orçamento da União e o efeito eleitoral no desempenho dos deputados federais que atuaram na 54ª legislatura. Argumenta-se que políticos já titulares de cargo eletivo que se candidatam a reeleição direcionam os recursos orçamentários da União conquistados através de emendas individuais para lograrem êxito em suas votações municipais. Nesses termos, as três hipóteses a serem testada são de que quanto maior os valores de emendas individuais aprovadas para o município, maior à votação do parlamentar; os deputados federais aprovam suas emendas em municípios com menor nível de Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal, pois o retorno eleitoral sobre os votos é maior; e os municípios em que o autor da emenda é da mesma coligação do prefeito são preferidos para o envio de recursos. As técnicas utilizadas foram: estatística descritiva, correlação linear de Pearson, regressão linear múltipla e teste qui-quadrado. Conclui-se que as emendas individuais alocadas em municípios explicam aproximadamente 22% dos votos obtidos pelos candidatos à reeleição, restando 78% da votação do parlamentar à investigação de outras variáveis que influenciem diretamente a estratégia política para o deputado obter sucesso eleitoral.

Background There is scarce evidence on the fourth dose of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We evaluated the humoral response and effectivity of the fourth dose in the CKD spectrum: non-dialysis CKD (ND-CKD), haemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Methods This is a prespecified analysis of the prospective, observational, multicentric SENCOVAC study. In patients with CKD who had received a complete initial vaccination and one or two boosters and had anti-Spike antibody determinations 6 and 12 months after the initial vaccination, we analysed factors associated with persistent negative humoral response and higher anti-Spike antibody titres as well as the efficacy of vaccination on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Results Of 2186 patients (18% KT, 8% PD, 69% HD and 5% ND-CKD), 30% had received a fourth dose. The fourth dose increased anti-Spike antibody titres in HD (P = .001) and ND-CKD (P = .014) patients and seroconverted 72% of previously negative patients. Higher anti-Spike antibody titres at 12 months were independently associated with repeated exposure to antigen (fourth dose, previous breakthrough infections), previous anti-Spike antibody titres and not being a KT recipient. Breakthrough COVID-19 was registered in 137 (6%) patients, 5% of whom required admission. Admitted patients had prior titres Conclusions A fourth vaccine dose increased anti-Spike antibody titres or seroconverted many CKD patients, but those with the highest need for a vaccine booster (i.e. those with lower pre-booster antibody titres or KT recipients) derived the least benefit in terms of antibody titres. Admission for breakthrough COVID-19 was associated with low anti-Spike antibody titres.

[Introduction] Guidelines have improved the management of prosthetic joint infections (PJI). However, it is necessary to reassess the incidence and risk factors for treatment failure (TF) of Staphylococcus aureus PJI (SA-PJI) including functional loss, which has so far been neglected as an outcome., [Methods] A retrospective cohort study of SA-PJI was performed in 19 European hospitals between 2014 and 2016. The outcome variable was TF, including related mortality, clinical failure and functional loss both after the initial surgical procedure and after all procedures at 18 months. Predictors of TF were identified by logistic regression. Landmark analysis was used to avoid immortal time bias with rifampicin when debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) was performed., [Results] One hundred twenty cases of SA-PJI were included. TF rates after the first and all surgical procedures performed were 32.8% and 24.2%, respectively. After all procedures, functional loss was 6.0% for DAIR and 17.2% for prosthesis removal. Variables independently associated with TF for the first procedure were Charlson ≥ 2, haemoglobin 30 kg/m2 and delay of DAIR, while rifampicin use was protective. For all procedures, the variables associated with TF were haemoglobin, [Conclusions] TF remains common in SA-PJI. Functional loss accounted for a substantial proportion of treatment failures, particularly after prosthesis removal. Use of rifampicin after DAIR was associated with a protective effect. Among the risk factors identified, anaemia and obesity have not frequently been reported in previous studies., [Trial registration] This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, registration no. NCT03826108., This work was supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking (grant agreement No. 115523), COMBACTE-NET consortium (European Union FP7/2007–2013 and GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA, as EFPIA partner). R.E, L.S, O. M, R. E-S, J. L–T, J. P, J. R-B and MD. del T are members of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), supported by Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2013‐2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0001; 0002; 0005; 0009; 0011; 0015), co‐ financed by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe”, Operative Program Intelligence Growth 2014‐2020.

Background In the general population with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), obesity is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Given the typically observed obesity paradox among patients on kidney function replacement therapy (KFRT), especially dialysis patients, we examined the association of obesity with mortality among dialysis patients or living with a kidney transplant with COVID-19. Methods Data from the European Renal Association COVID-19 Database (ERACODA) were used. KFRT patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 1 February 2020 and 31 January 2021 were included. The association of Quetelet's body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), divided into: Results In 3160 patients on KFRT (mean age: 65 years, male: 61%), 99 patients were lean, 1151 normal weight (reference), 1160 overweight, 525 obese I and 225 obese II/III. During follow-up of 3 months, 28, 20, 21, 23 and 27% of patients died in these categories, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, the hazard ratios (HRs) for 3-month mortality were 1.65 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 2.47], 1 (ref.), 1.07 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.28), 1.17 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.46) and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.27, 2.30), respectively. Results were similar among dialysis patients (N = 2343) and among those living with a kidney transplant (N = 817) (Pinteraction = 0.99), but differed by sex (Pinteraction = 0.019). In males, the HRs for the association of aforementioned BMI categories with 3-month mortality were 2.07 (95% CI: 1.22, 3.52), 1 (ref.), 0.97 (95% CI: 0.78. 1.21), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.33) and 1.22 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.91), respectively, and in females corresponding HRs were 1.34 (95% CI: 0.70, 2.57), 1 (ref.), 1.31 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.85), 1.54 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.26) and 2.49 (95% CI: 1.62, 3.84), respectively. Conclusion In KFRT patients with COVID-19, on dialysis or a kidney transplant, obesity is associated with an increased risk of mortality at 3 months. This is in contrast to the obesity paradox generally observed in dialysis patients. Additional studies are required to corroborate the sex difference in the association of obesity with mortality.

In this article, we present fundamental design flaws of CaptchaStar. We also present a full analysis using the BASECASS methodology that employs machine learning techniques. By means of this methodology, we find an attack that bypasses CaptchaStar with almost 100% accuracy.

O estágio supervisionado requer integração de conteúdos e atividades entre supervisor e estagiário como base pedagógica. O objetivo principal foi analisar o processo de construção, execução e avaliação do planejamento escolar (plano de aula) e suas variáveis interferentes. Em uma escola estadual de Alagoinhas (Bahia, Brasil), o estágio supervisionado foi feito em 2 etapas no primeiro trimestre de 2017: i) a análise retrospectiva de 10 meses do estágio em Biologia, com observação e reflexão sobre práticas realizadas em sala de aula; e ii) a listagem de variáveis interferentes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e narrativas autobiográficas sobre planejamento. Foram descritos os atributos que interferiram na elaboração do planejamento, como: elaboração e aplicação do plano de aula, contextualização, estratégias de ensino e recursos didáticos, tempo e avaliação. O planejamento pode sofrer modificações por fatores que fogem ao controle do professor. No início do estágio, a teoria foi uma grande aliada. Os planos de aulas seguiram uma estrutura padronizada e organizados para eficiência da docência, com caráter de não neutralidade e aspecto político implícito. Após as aulas teóricas na universidade, a visão de planejamento foi ampliada. A falta de recursos didáticos na escola e a extrapolação do tempo para realização das atividades foram as causas mais ocorrentes. Esta experiência permitiu, aos estagiários como futuros licenciados, o aprimoramento de sua didática e as relações interpessoais como capacitação para a sala de aula. A contextualização foi considerada um modelo de atividade eficiente.

Abstract: The close link between number and space is illustrated by the Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC) effect. The current research focuses on the flexibility of the SNARC across three dimensions. Shaki and Fischer (2018) pointed out that spatial attributes of stimuli and response effectors can favor an ad hoc spatial representation. In this paper, we aimed to broaden this perspective using two Go/NoGo experiments with digits being presented at two spatial locations while a central response was required. In Experiment 1, stimuli appeared either to the left or right (horizontal) and below or above fixation (vertical). In Experiment 2, as the monitor was laying down flat on the desk, stimuli appeared either to the left or right (horizontal) and either close or far from the observer (midsagittal). The results of Experiment 1 show significant effects for the two dimensions (horizontal, vertical), while in Experiment 2, we observe only a barely significant effect for the sagittal axis. We interpret these findings as showing (1) the importance of motor response spatialization in eliciting the SNAs and (2) the dominance of the vertical axis over the horizontal when the spatial component of the motor response is removed.

Esse artigo visa investigar a relação entre os conhecimentos práticos e teóricos, experiências de vida, existencial e simbólica que influenciam o atuar pedagógico de uma professora camponesa. Foi participante da pesquisa uma professora de uma escola do campo. No que se refere ao aspecto metodológico, tomamos como base a perspectiva teórica epistemológica ecossistêmica que dispõe de uma ontologia e de uma epistemologia complexa e, uma metodologia transdisciplinar. Assim, como resultado, o olhar da ecoformação e da transdisciplinaridade possibilitou que a professora Semente Crioula se percebesse como camponesa, ao refletir sobre sua história de vida diante de momentos que foi estimulada a relembrar suas vivências camponesas, seus medos e aflições que influenciavam no seu atuar pedagógico.

Estamos vivenciando um período de transformação social e de lutas por uma educação que considere todas as nuances do fenômeno educativo dentro e fora da escola. Considerando as emergências atuais, é preciso repensar novas formas de incluir e educar, pois as maneiras atuais não são suficientes. Deste modo, o texto em tela trata-se de reflexões teóricas acerca da inclusão e dos pilares do pensamento ecossistêmico. Para tanto, em um texto teórico-reflexivo, realizou-se um resgate histórico sobre as bases do pensamento ecossistêmico, inclusão, sociedade. Intencionamos contextualizar e promover o despertar de consciência acerca da educação das pessoas com deficiência em um contexto educacional emergente e novos modos de olhar a educação e sociedade. Diante de tal cenário, percebemos que, a grande responsabilidade de colocar em prática os princípios inclusivos, não cabe exclusivamente aos professores. Inclusão requer o envolvimento de toda equipe de profissionais da escola, da sociedade e do Estado. Igualmente, provendo a atuação de profissionais especializados, gestão participativa e propositiva e o envolvimento de toda a comunidade e, acima de tudo, mudança de consciência para compreendermos a multidimensionalidade humana e a necessidade de um olhar ecossistêmico e de inteireza.

This study aims to explore the attitudes and practices of Spanish university lecturers towards their use of EMI, and more specifically, their implicit and explicit assessment of their students’ English production. The research is based on an initial survey which was completed by teaching staff from a medium-sized university in Madrid, as well as the findings of two subsequent focus groups consisting of a one-hour moderated discussion on the topic. The results were then processed through NVivo software. The participants in both the survey and the focus groups were drawn from a variety of academic disciplines and had different levels of experience in delivering their classes and their assessment in English. The most significant findings of the research were centred on the distinction between EMI lecturers’ implicit and explicit assessment of their students’ use of English in their assignments and exams.

Producción Científica, CO2 utilization by conversion into useful chemicals can contribute to facing the problem of increasing CO2 emissions. Among other alternatives, hydrothermal transformation stands out by the high conversions achieved, just using high-temperature water as the solvent. Previous works have demonstrated that several organic compounds with hydroxyl groups derived from biomass can be used as reductants of NaHCO3 aqueous solutions as inorganic CO2 sources. Formate was obtained as the main product as it was produced by conversion both of the inorganic carbon and of the organic reductants, whose transformation into formate was promoted by the addition of NaHCO3. Based on these results, in this work, the hydrothermal conversion of NaHCO3 is performed together with the liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane bagasse and pine needles) in a one-pot process. Results show that yields to formate of 10% wt/wt (with respect to the initial concentration of biomass) are achieved by hydrothermal treatment of NaHCO3 and lignocellulosic biomass at 250 °C with a residence time of 180 min. Other products, such as acetic acid and lactic acid, were also obtained. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the hydrothermal reduction of CO2 combined with the hydrothermal liquefaction of residual biomass in a simultaneous process., Junta de Castilla y Leon - EU-FEDER (program CLU-2019- 04), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (project RTI2018-097456-B-I00)

Despite the availability of effective vaccines against COVID-19, booster vaccinations are needed to maintain vaccine-induced protection against variant strains and breakthrough infections. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (Janssen) as primary vaccination plus a booster dose.ENSEMBLE2 is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial including crossover vaccination after emergency authorisation of COVID-19 vaccines. Adults aged at least 18 years without previous COVID-19 vaccination at public and private medical practices and hospitals in Belgium, Brazil, Colombia, France, Germany, the Philippines, South Africa, Spain, the UK, and the USA were randomly assigned 1:1 via a computer algorithm to receive intramuscularly administered Ad26.COV2.S as a primary dose plus a booster dose at 2 months or two placebo injections 2 months apart. The primary endpoint was vaccine efficacy against the first occurrence of molecularly confirmed moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 with onset at least 14 days after booster vaccination, which was assessed in participants who received two doses of vaccine or placebo, were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR at baseline and on serology at baseline and day 71, had no major protocol deviations, and were at risk of COVID-19 (ie, had no PCR-positive result or discontinued the study before day 71). Safety was assessed in all participants; reactogenicity, in terms of solicited local and systemic adverse events, was assessed as a secondary endpoint in a safety subset (approximately 6000 randomly selected participants). The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04614948, and is ongoing.Enrolment began on Nov 16, 2020, and the primary analysis data cutoff was June 25, 2021. From 34 571 participants screened, the double-blind phase enrolled 31 300 participants, 14 492 of whom received two doses (7484 in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 7008 in the placebo group) and 11 639 of whom were eligible for inclusion in the assessment of the primary endpoint (6024 in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 5615 in the placebo group). The median (IQR) follow-up post-booster vaccination was 36·0 (15·0-62·0) days. Vaccine efficacy was 75·2% (adjusted 95% CI 54·6-87·3) against moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 (14 cases in the Ad26.COV2.S group and 52 cases in the placebo group). Most cases were due to the variants alpha (B.1.1.7) and mu (B.1.621); endpoints for the primary analysis accrued from Nov 16, 2020, to June 25, 2021, before the global dominance of delta (B.1.617.2) or omicron (B.1.1.529). The booster vaccine exhibited an acceptable safety profile. The overall frequencies of solicited local and systemic adverse events (evaluated in the safety subset, n=6067) were higher among vaccine recipients than placebo recipients after the primary and booster doses. The frequency of solicited adverse events in the Ad26.COV2.S group were similar following the primary and booster vaccinations (local adverse events, 1676 [55·6%] of 3015 vs 896 [57·5%] of 1559, respectively; systemic adverse events, 1764 [58·5%] of 3015 vs 821 [52·7%] of 1559, respectively). Solicited adverse events were transient and mostly grade 1-2 in severity.A homologous Ad26.COV2.S booster administered 2 months after primary single-dose vaccination in adults had an acceptable safety profile and was efficacious against moderate to severe-critical COVID-19. Studies assessing efficacy against newer variants and with longer follow-up are needed.Janssen ResearchDevelopment.

IntroductionIn 2021, a type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV2) was isolated from the stool of a patient with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) admitted to Spain from Senegal. A virological investigation was conducted to characterize and trace the origin of VDPV2.MethodsWe used an unbiased metagenomic approach for the whole-genome sequencing of VDPV2 from the stool (pre-treated with chloroform) and from the poliovirus-positive supernatant. Phylogenetic analyses and molecular epidemiological analyses relying on the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methodology were used to determine the geographical origin and estimate the date of the initiating dose of the oral poliovirus vaccine for the imported VDPV2.ResultsWe obtained a high percentage of viral reads per total reads mapped to the poliovirus genome (69.5% for pre-treated stool and 75.8% for isolate) with a great depth of sequencing coverage (5,931 and 11,581, respectively) and complete genome coverage (100%). The two key attenuating mutations in the Sabin 2 strain had reverted (A481G in the 5’UTR and Ile143Thr in VP1). In addition, the genome had a recombinant structure between type-2 poliovirus and an unidentified non-polio enterovirus-C (NPEV-C) strain with a crossover point in the protease-2A genomic region. VP1 phylogenetic analysis revealed that this strain is closely related to VDPV2 strains circulating in Senegal in 2021. According to Bayesian phylogenetics, the most recent common ancestor of the imported VDPV2 could date back 2.6 years (95% HPD: 1.7–3.7) in Senegal. We suggest that all VDPV2s circulating in 2020–21 in Senegal, Guinea, Gambia, and Mauritania have an ancestral origin in Senegal estimated around 2015. All 50 stool samples from healthy case contacts collected in Spain (n = 25) and Senegal (n = 25) and four wastewater samples collected in Spain were poliovirus negative.DiscussionBy using a whole-genome sequencing protocol with unbiased metagenomics from the clinical sample and viral isolate with high sequence coverage, efficiency, and throughput, we confirmed the classification of VDPV as a circulating type. The close genomic linkage with strains from Senegal was consistent with their classification as imported. Given the scarce number of complete genome sequences for NPEV-C in public databases, this protocol could help expand poliovirus and NPEV-C sequencing capacity worldwide.

Purpose Since the term orthorexia nervosa (ON) was coined from the Greek (ὀρθός, right and ὄρεξις, appetite) in 1997 to describe an obsession with “correct” eating, it has been used worldwide without a consistent definition. Although multiple authors have proposed diagnostic criteria, and many theoretical papers have been published, no consensus definition of ON exists, empirical primary evidence is limited, and ON is not a standardized diagnosis. These gaps prevent research to identify risk and protective factors, pathophysiology, functional consequences, and evidence-based therapeutic treatments. The aims of the current study are to categorize the common observations and presentations of ON pathology among experts in the eating disorder field, propose tentative diagnostic criteria, and consider which DSM chapter and category would be most appropriate for ON should it be included. Methods 47 eating disorder researchers and multidisciplinary treatment specialists from 14 different countries across four continents completed a three-phase modified Delphi process, with 75% agreement determined as the threshold for a statement to be included in the final consensus document. In phase I, participants were asked via online survey to agree or disagree with 67 statements about ON in four categories: A–Definition, Clinical Aspects, Duration; B–Consequences; C–Onset; D–Exclusion Criteria, and comment on their rationale. Responses were used to modify the statements which were then provided to the same participants for phase II, a second round of feedback, again in online survey form. Responses to phase II were used to modify and improve the statements for phase III, in which statements that met the predetermined 75% of agreement threshold were provided for review and commentary by all participants. Results 27 statements met or exceeded the consensus threshold and were compiled into proposed diagnostic criteria for ON. Conclusions This is the first time a standardized definition of ON has been developed from a worldwide, multidisciplinary cohort of experts. It represents a summary of observations, clinical expertise, and research findings from a wide base of knowledge. It may be used as a base for diagnosis, treatment protocols, and further research to answer the open questions that remain, particularly the functional consequences of ON and how it might be prevented or identified and intervened upon in its early stages. Although the participants encompass many countries and disciplines, further research will be needed to determine if these diagnostic criteria are applicable to the experience of ON in geographic areas not represented in the current expert panel. Level of evidence Level V: opinions of expert committees

Purpose A synthetic indicator (SI) is developed to measure the sustainability of tourist destinations according to four proposed dimensions of sustainable development: social, economic, environmental and political. Its purpose is to determine the most appropriate indicators for each type of tourist destination, i.e. which variables should be considered in each territory according to its typology (environmental, social, economic and tourism). To test the usefulness and employability of the SI, it has been applied in the Algarve (Portugal). Three destinations were analysed in this region: Albufeira, Faro and Lagos, all three good examples of the well-known sun and beach tourism model. Design/methodology/approach The SI is the result of a system of indicators. To reach the final result, a multi-criteria calculation has been used in which the most important variables that fit the territorial reality analysed have been included, based on an exhaustive analysis of more than 2,000 indicators proposed by various scientific studies and international organisations such as the United Nations World Tourism Organization. The results of this analysis have been weighted according to the opinion of the population. A survey of more than 1,800 questionnaires was carried out in tourist destinations with high seasonality and dependence on tourism in the Algarve, Portugal. Finally, the SI has been aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Findings The level of sustainability and the level of social concern regarding tourism activity were defined. In the Algarve, tourism is transforming the landscape and the local economy, and overcrowding is perceived as an economic activity that negatively affects sustainability. The concerns of the resident population about the impacts of tourism have served to identify priority strategies to improve the level of sustainability of the destinations. The three territories analysed present different problems and therefore require different strategies for action, mainly of a local public nature. The final result indicates the level of sustainability of the destination, which allows specific actions for improvement in the short, medium and long term to be generated. Practical implications The results made it possible to develop lines of action aimed at improving the sustainable management of each tourist destination analysed. Involving the local population allows the residents of the destination to be part of tourism policies, assuming a bottom-up strategy. This research provides answers to destinations seeking to implement sustainable tourism, offering tourism sector managers tools for correct decision-making. Originality/value This research presents a SI based on a system of indicators adjusted to the needs of the territory to be analysed, takes into account the opinion of the local population as a weighting factor and is in line with the 17 SDGs.

In the present study, we investigated the presence of four Vibrio cholerae virulence genes (ctxA, VPI, Zot and ace) in 36 Vibrio alginolyticus isolates obtained from different seawater, sediments and aquatic organisms. We tested the virulence of 13 V. alginolyticus strains against juveniles of Sparus aurata and this virulence was correlated with the presence of V. cholerae virulence genes. A positive amplification for the virulence pathogenicity island was produced by five V. alginolyticus strains and four for cholerae toxin. Some of the V. alginolyticus strains are pathogenic to aquatic animals and might have derived their virulence genes from V. cholerae. V. alginolyticus strains can be considered as a possible reservoir of V. cholerae virulence genes.

To study the impact of neoadjuvant therapies on postoperative complications and mortality among non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients subjected to anatomic lung resection and included in the Spanish cohort of the video-assisted thoracic surgery (GE-VATS) multicenter database.The study included a total of 3085 patients from 33 centers between December 2016 and March 2018. We performed a comparative analysis of the complications and mortality in patients who received neoadjuvant therapies (n = 263) versus those who did not (n = 2822). A propensity score-matched analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders. Association between exposure in two groups and outcomes were estimated by logistic regression weighted by inverse of probability of receiving the treatment that actually received.In the unadjusted analysis, the chemotherapy (CT) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) group presented a higher frequency of ICU readmissions, reinterventions, empyema, cardiovascular complications, a greater frequency of atrial fibrillation, and an increased need for blood product transfusions. In the adjusted group, CT and CRT patients had a higher rate of cardiovascular complications (CT p = 0.002; OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.34-3.94 and CRT p = 0.001; OR 2.90; 95% CI 1.52-5-52), arrhythmias (CT p = 0.013; OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.18-4.20 and CRT p = 0.046; OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.01-4.90) and transfussions (CT p = 0.042; OR 2.95; 95% CI 1.04-8.35 and CRT p 0.001; OR 7.74; 95% CI 3.01-19-92).Based on our series, neoadjuvant CT and CRT were associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular complications, arrhythmias and transfussions in patients with NSCLC subjected to anatomic lung resection.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics 23(13), 7799 - 7822 (2023). doi:10.5194/acp-23-7799-2023, Published by EGU, Katlenburg-Lindau

We investigated the evolution of serum klotho (s-Kl) and FGF-23 during the first two years post-kidney transplantation (KT), considering the cold ischemia time (CIT), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and graft subclinical inflammation (SCI). We undertook a prospective, cohort, multicenter study of consecutive patients between April 2018 and January 2021 (with follow-up at 24 months). Subgroups were analyzed according to the median CIT (40 mL/min/1.73 m2) and the presence of SCI at month 3. A total of 147 patients were included. s-Kl and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) levels were measured at baseline and at months 3, 12 and 24. Graft biopsies (n = 96) were performed at month 3. All patients had low s-Kl levels at month 3. Patients with CIT < 14 h exhibited a significant increase in s-Kl at month 24. In patients with CIT ≥ 14 h, s-Kl at month 3 fell and lower s-Kl levels were seen at month 24. Patients with a GFR > 40 had a lesser decrease in s-Kl at month 3. FGF-23 fell significantly at months 3 and 12 in both GFR groups, a reduction maintained during follow-up. There were significant inter-group differences in s-Kl from months 3 to 24. CIT, GFR at 3 months and SCI were significantly associated with s-KI at month 3. A reduction in s-Kl at month 3 post-KT could be explained by longer CIT and delayed graft function as well as by impaired graft function. Early SCI may regulate s-Kl increase post-KT.

In this paper we present two Fenchel-type dual problems for a DC (difference of convex functions) optimization primal one. They have been built by means of the c-conjugation scheme, a pattern of conjugation which has been shown to be suitable for evenly convex functions. We study characterizations of weak, strong and stable strong duality for both pairs of primal–dual problems. We also give conditions which relate the existence of strong and stable strong duality for both pairs. Research partially supported by the Generalitat Valenciana, [grant number AICO/2021/165].

A study was carried out to determine the ALS (acetolactate synthase)-inhibitor herbicide resistance in the Mexican grass Ixophorus unisetus, a troublesome weed in corn crops in Mexico. First, the resistance was confirmed in field screening assays. Eight populations that survived nicosulfuron treatment at a field rate of 40 g ai ha−1 were labeled as putative-resistant. Dose–response trials demonstrated a high resistance in the eight populations (GR50 from 140.33 to 245.46 g ai ha−1). The synergism of malathion plus nicosulfuron demonstrated that the non-target-site resistance (NTSR) mechanism based on cytochrome P450 (Cyt-P450) was involved in five populations of I. unisetus. Molecular studies revealed that a single-nucleotide change occurs in the amino acid at position 376 (from GAT to GAG), which codifies from Asp-376 to Glu-376. This is the first time that Asp-376-Glu has been reported in this species. Assays in vitro and in vivo demonstrated I. unisetus cross-resistance to flucarbazone, penoxsulam, bispyribac-Na, and imazamox. No multiple resistance was found in two resistant populations exposed to different herbicides. Our results indicate that the lack of good control over Mexican grass in corn with ALS inhibitors is due to target-site mutation and NTSR mechanisms (Cyt-P450-mediated metabolism). A strategy should be established in Mexican fields to continue controlling this weed, including mechanical control practices and a good combination of the available pre- and post-emergence herbicides.

Machine learning (ML) algorithms are extensively used with outstanding prediction accuracy. However, in some cases, their overfitting capabilities, along with inadvertent biases, might produce overly optimistic results. Spatial data are a special kind of data that could introduce biases to ML due to their intrinsic spatial autocorrelation. To address this issue, a special resampling method has emerged called spatial cross-validation (SCV). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of SCV compared with conventional random cross-validation (CCV) used in most ML studies. Multiple ML models were created with CCV and SCV to predict groundwater electrical conductivity (EC) with data (A) from Rhodope, Greece, in the summer of 2020; (B) from the same area but at a different time (summer 2019); and (C) from a new area (the Salento peninsula, Italy). The results showed that the SCV provides ML models with superior generalization capabilities and, hence, better prediction results in new unknown data. The SCV seems to be able to capture the spatial patterns in the data while also reducing the over-optimism bias that is often associated with CCV methods. Based on the results, SCV could be applied with ML in studies that use spatial data.

[EN] The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) promoted by the United Nations (UN) within its global initiative "2030 Agenda" are part of the social commitments adopted and promoted by the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV). It’s critical to know what the initial state of knowledge and commitment of UPV students with respect to the SDGs is, so that consistent and coherent training actions around the SDGs can be promoted. The search for sustainable solutions and alternatives that change the current production and social model, and that make our planet a more friendly, sustainable, fair and equitable place, seems to be a common goal for all people with a minimum of judgment. However, the commitment and knowledge about the way in which each one can impact on these objectives is not as widespread as one might imagine. This situation can ruin the intended achievements of the SDGs, so it is crucial to promote their knowledge and their social adoption. In this project, it has been evaluated, through the responses of the students of a carefully selected subject, what is their knowledge and commitment to the SDGs, with the final objective of identifying if the students themselves consider and show that there is any initiative that the University can adopt to help them in their preparation for pro-SDG activism from their close incorporation into the world of work, and therefore from the exercise of their professional work. As expected, the study shows that students have some knowledge about the SDGs, although they do not know how and who is responsible for this exercise of social volunteering or what their personal role in this initiative may be. They also show a certain interest in the possibility of the University taking a step forward and including the SDGs in its training catalogue., This work has been developed within the research project called “Diseño e implementación de actividades de enseñanza-aprendizaje orientadas a la formación en ODS de forma integrada con asignaturas de estudios de ingeniería” (Ref.: /PIME/21-22/252) funded by the Vice-Rector's Office for Teaching Staff and Academic Organization at Universitat Politècnica de València.

Within the initiative of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) promoted by the UN within the global project "Agenda 2030", one of the elements in which the University has a direct impact is the Objective number 4 of "Quality Education”. Providing university students not only with theories and knowledge, but also giving them tools and references that help them face their professional future with the commitment to work for a sustainable world is one of the most commendable tasks of the Universities. In line with this way of seeing teaching, an action plan has been developed, in one of the subjects for which the authors are responsible, focused on a third of the teaching activity being delivered by prestigious professionals, external to the University, with a link to the object and content of the subject clearly defined by the responsible professor. This collaboration has been reflected through three online seminars, and a recapitulation work by the students of a subject. The results show a very positive reception from the students, as well as a very interesting critical spirit about which are the points of improvement for the next academic years. Based on this experience, the teaching guide for the subject of the next course will be built.

A recomposição da aprendizagem é um processo em que se busca rever os conteúdos já aprendidos, aprimorar habilidades e competências, bem como desenvolver novos conhecimentos que possam complementar a formação do indivíduo. Este processo pode ocorrer em diferentes níveis, desde a educação básica até a educação superior, e pode ser estimulado por diversos fatores, como atualizações nas áreas profissionais, interesse pessoal em novos temas ou necessidade de aprimorar a performance em determinada área, além disso, é importante que o aprendiz seja capaz de estabelecer um plano de estudo, com cronogramas e metas a serem cumpridas, a fim de manter-se motivado e focado em seus objetivos.

Il saggio analizza la rilevanza del tempo nella relazione lavorativa alla luce della digitalizzazione del lavoro, con particolare riferimento al lavoro agile e all'insorgenza di nuovi rischi psico-sociali.

The essay analyzes the current trends of social mainstreaming implemented through several tools, including the strengthening of social issues in the European Semester, the systems for monitoring social indicators (social scoreboard) in the Member States and the enhancement of the Horizontal Social Clause under article 9 TFEU. The paper examines the state of application of the European Pillar of Social Rights also following the outcome of the social mainstreaming tools and in the light of the proposals emerged from the Conference on the Future of Europe, which ended in May 2022.

O Dossiê ‘Complexidade, Tessituras Educacionais e Poética Transdisciplinar’ tem por objetivo reunir publicações vinculadas a área da educação que dialoguem com a Epistemologia da Complexidade e as obras de Edgar Morin. Pesquisas, problematizações e projetos que apresentem tessituras educacionais e poéticas transdisciplinares por meio de artigos, debates, resenhas e entrevistas (consultar normas da Revista). A Epistemologia da Complexidade convidou o verbo ‘pensar’ para o desafio de produzir um tipo de ação articuladora, uma vez que ‘pensar complexo’ aponta para o desafio de religar saberes, produzir compreensões multidimensionais sobre o ser humano e a realidade e, assim, impulsionar reformas no estilo de vida do cidadão planetário na Terra-Pátria. A imaginação e a criatividade humana foram desafiadas a construir vias educativas transdisciplinares, sendo estas complementares e coexistentes à abordagem disciplinar e as perspectivas formativas consolidadas. Edgar Morin nos convida a refletir sobre a formação humana na era planetária, com o desafio paradigmático de promover reforma do pensamento e da ação e, assim, possibilitar a formação de cabeças bem-feitas com potencialidade para ensinar a viver. Aponta sete saberes necessários à educação do presente, do futuro e para a construção de outras vias para a humanidade.

Adipose tissues communicate with the central nervous system to maintain whole-body energy homeostasis. The mainstream view is that circulating hormones secreted by the fat convey the metabolic state to the brain, which integrates peripheral information and regulates adipocyte function through noradrenergic sympathetic output1. Moreover, somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia innervate adipose tissue2. However, the lack of genetic tools to selectively target these neurons has limited understanding of their physiological importance. Here we developed viral, genetic and imaging strategies to manipulate sensory nerves in an organ-specific manner in mice. This enabled us to visualize the entire axonal projection of dorsal root ganglia from the soma to subcutaneous adipocytes, establishing the anatomical underpinnings of adipose sensory innervation. Functionally, selective sensory ablation in adipose tissue enhanced the lipogenic and thermogenetic transcriptional programs, resulting in an enlarged fat pad, enrichment of beige adipocytes and elevated body temperature under thermoneutral conditions. The sensory-ablation-induced phenotypes required intact sympathetic function. We postulate that beige-fat-innervating sensory neurons modulate adipocyte function by acting as a brake on the sympathetic system. These results reveal an important role of the innervation by dorsal root ganglia of adipose tissues, and could enable future studies to examine the role of sensory innervation of disparate interoceptive systems.

El deporte a alta intensidad puede producir situaciones de riesgo, incluso fatales, en sujetos con anomalías cardiovasculares, por tanto, es fundamental un diagnóstico precoz de las cardiopatías para disminuir el riego. La valoración cardiológica en los deportistas requiere de una interpretación cuidadosa y detallada de las adaptaciones cardiacas al entrenamiento, siendo necesario conocer el corazón del deportista para no limitar la participación deportiva, especialmente en los casos limítrofes, y evitar truncar su vida deportiva con el consecuente detrimento en todos los aspectos de la vida del deportista.

Arterial stiffness is linked with the development of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. In clinical practice, measurement of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) has become a widely used study for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in elderly population. Our aim was to evaluate whether maintaining a healthy life, based on Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and regular practice of physical activity, are associated with arterial stiffness in an elderly, metabolically healthy with overweight or obesity (MHOe) population.A transversal, analytical-descriptive study in MHOe population (aged ≥65 years) with a BMI at least 27 kg/ m 2 who had one or less of the following cardiometabolic disorders: fasting plasma glucose at least 100 mg/dl, blood pressure at least 135/85 mmHg (or the use of blood pressure-lowering agents), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (≤ 40 mg/dl for men, ≤50 mg/dl for women) or triglycerides at least 150 mg/dl (or the use of lipid-lowering therapies) was conducted. Blood pressure, height, weight, BMI, waist to hip ratio (WHR), practice of physical activity, MedDiet adherence and food intake along with cf-PWV were analysed.One hundred and fifty-eight MHOe individuals (age: 72.2 ± 5.0 years, BMI: 31.6 ± 3.8 kg/m 2 ) were recruited. One hundred and nine of them were younger than 75 years of age (young-old, age: 69.3 ± 2.8 years and BMI: 32.0 ± 3.9 kg/m 2 ) and 49 of them aged 75 years or older (old-old, age: 78.1 ± 2.9 years and BMI: 30.7 ± 3.6 kg/m 2 ). All population showed a strong adherence to the Med Diet due major consumption of homemade meal, olive oil and lean meats. In addition, they presented an important practice of all intensities of physical activity. Young-old individuals had a cf-PWV of 9.7 ± 2.2 m/s and old-old individuals had a cf-PWV of 11.1 ± 4.4 m/s. In all populations, a negative correlation between cf-PWV and BMI ( r = -0.17, P = 0.04) and a positive correlation with WHR in men ( r = 0.18, P = 0.03) was found. WHR shows a significantly positive correlation with the cf-PWV values in old-old women participants ( r = 0.41, P = 0.008). On the other side, only vigorous physical activity showed a negative correlation with cf-PWV in all population and in young-old individuals ( r = -0.20; P = 0.02 and r = -0.22; P = 0.03, respectively).Healthy lifestyle habits based on MedDiet adherence and regular practice of physical activity are associated with lower arterial stiffness in a metabolically healthy population with overweight or obesity older than 65 years compared with data from other elderly populations previously reported in the literature.

A binational team of investigators culturally adapted, implemented, and tested the efficacy in Mexico of keepin' it REAL, a US-designed prevention intervention for youth. This article reports on the social validity of the adapted intervention by assessing its feasibility, acceptability, and utility, as perceived by participating middle school students, teachers/implementers, and school administrators. Middle schools (N = 36) were randomly assigned to (1) the culturally adapted version for Mexico (Mantente REAL), (2) the original intervention from the USA (keepin' it REAL) translated into Spanish, or (3) a control condition (treatment as usual). Adult and child feedback about the adapted and original versions of the intervention indicate that both are feasible to implement in the Mexican context. Implementation fidelity was equally high for both versions of the manualized intervention. Students, however, were more satisfied with the culturally adapted version than with the non-adapted version. They reported gaining more knowledge, finding it more acceptable, applicable, and authentic, and they reported discussing the program with their family and friends more often. The findings support the feasibility of engaging classroom teachers to implement manualized prevention programs in Mexico. These findings also advance prevention science by documenting the importance of cultural adaptation as a means to increase students' identification with and acceptability of efficacious school-based interventions. The article discusses the practice, policy, and future prevention research implications of the findings for Mexico and their potential generalizability to other middle- and lower-income countries.

AEmissions and noise from transport affect seriously people's health and environmental ecosystems, requiring the implementation of monitoring and mitigation measures to achieve a real reduction in all transport modes and achieve a real sustainable mobility. Monitoring systems integrated in the infrastructure can help in identifying vehicles that do not respect certain emission limits. In this scenario, NEMO project (Noise and Emissions Monitoring and radical mitigation) seeks to create the most advanced and purely European solution to reduce emissions and noise from transport, by empirically measuring individual vehicles to apply personalized tariffs to the most emitting vehicles or preventing their access to sensitive zones. The whole NEMO concept is focused on the development (hardware, infrastructure and software) of a reliable novel Remote Sensing systems to measure traffic emissions and noise. The system is integrated into existing road, rail, maritime and IT infrastructures to make it standardized, more user-friendly and able to operate continuously without human supervision for continuous monitoring. The new measurement systems, present a wider measurement range to ensure that the sensitivity of the measurements is adequate to the development of the automotive industry, thus helping to form a global and scalable solution to improve air quality and reduce noise impact in European cities.