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Quantitative precipitation estimates over the Southern Ocean (SO) continue to suffer from a high degree of uncertainty for both satellite-based and reanalysis products with large differences present amongst them. This uncertainty arises from the absence of long-term, high-quality observations of precipitation suitable for evaluation across a range of temporal and spatial scales. Recent voyages on the Australian RV Investigator, however, have provided new observations of precipitation across this region made with both the OceanRAIN maritime disdrometer and a dual-polarized C-band weather radar (OceanPOL).The present study employs these unprecedented observations to evaluate the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals (GPM-IMERG) and the ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5) precipitation products. Working at a resolution of 60 minutes and 0.25° (~25 km), the GPM-IMERG product overestimated precipitation intensity when evaluated against the OceanRAIN but captured the frequency well. Looking at the synoptic/process scale, GPM-IMERG was found to be least accurate (overestimate frequency and accumulation) under warm frontal and high-latitude cyclone conditions when cloud-top heights (CTT) were commonly between 6-8 km. In comparison, ERA5’s skill was more consistent across various synoptic conditions, except for high-pressure conditions where the precipitation frequency was highly overestimated. Using the OceanPOL radar, an area-to-area analysis (fractional skill score) finds that ERA5 has greater skill than the GPM-IMERG., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

An efficient transport service allows a society to have economic progress and improves quality of life. Part of this structure is the issue in the determination of pricing the service of it, thus, the incomes of the offeror and good service to the user can be guaranteed. In Ecuador, the National Traffic Agency establishes a methodology that considers the offer of kilometers and operating costs. However, this methodology does not establish how to get and analyse the information that feeds the model, this aspect can generate biases and subjectivities at the time to define the rate. This study seeks to detect deficiencies in the methodology and suggest the relevant changes as an alternative to it, for this a mixed approach is considered, which not only considers surveys but also instrumentation and hi-technology to measure fuel consumption, tire wear, distance traveled and number of passengers. Once the analysis of the methodology was developed, a new approach to information gathering was proposed; and to validate, an experiment was applied to a canton of the country, with this it was possible to obtain rates that better represent the reality of the sector under analysis.

O presente estudo possui como objetivo central analisar o desemprego no seio do Serviço Social visando, principalmente, compreender as causas que o motivam numa era em que o trabalho do Assistente Social é fundamental devido à multiplicidade de problemas sociais existentes. A não inserção do Assistente Social no mercado de trabalho constitui uma problemática social preocupante. Desta forma, numa tentativa de compreender e explorar este problema social foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa com recurso a entrevistas realizadas a diplomados em Serviço Social pela Faculdade de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Centro Regional de Braga. Concluiu-se que o modelo social envolvente constitui um dos maiores motivadores da crise que estamos a presenciar com consequências em múltiplas esferas da sociedade. O modelo social atual criou uma sociedade paradoxal preenchida por múltiplos profissionais formados, mas que não têm oportunidade de colocar em prática as suas habilitações por se encontrarem num mercado de trabalho saturado que não aproveita a mão-de-obra qualificada que possui e que a cada momento a desrespeita quer pela falta de ofertas, quer pelas condições débeis que disponibiliza., The aim of this study is to analyze the unemployment in the Social Services, trying to understand the causes that motivate it.The non-¬‐insertion of the social worker in the labor market is a worrying social problem. Therefore, in an attempt to understand and explore this social problem we used a qualitative methodology doing some interviews to graduates in social service by the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Catholic University, Regional Centre of Braga.It was concluded that the surrounding social model is one of the biggest causes of the crisis that we are witnessing with effects in multiple spheres of society. The current social model has created a paradoxical society filled by many trained professionals but who do not have the opportunity to put their skills into practice because they are in a saturated labor market that does not take advantage of the skilled workforce that they have and that each disrespect either by the lack of offers or by the weak conditions that it offers.

Objective: Oxidized phospholipids (OxPAPC) inhibit TLR2-and TLR4-dependent signalling recognized to be involved in ensuring enteric nervous system (ENS) integrity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of in vivo OxPAPC administration on ileal contractility and serotonin pathway in juvenile mice.

Genome-scale network reconstructions are organism-specific representations of metabolism and powerful tools for analyzing systemic metabolic properties. The use of reconstructions is limited by the lack of coverage of the metabolic reactome. We present an exhaustive and validated reconstruction of the biotechnologically relevant bacteriumPseudomonas putidaKT2440, greatly expanding its computable metabolic states. The reconstruction,iJN1411, represents a significant expansion over other reconstructed bacterial metabolic networks. Computations based on the reconstruction exhibit high accuracy in predicting nutrient sources, growth rates, carbon flux distributions, and gene essentiality, thus providing a deep understanding ofPseudomonasmetabolism.iJN1411 was used for: i) the assessment of the metabolic capabilities ofP. putidaas a species through multi-strain modeling, ii) deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic robustness, and iii) identification of metabolic “capacitors” based on ATP-fueled metabolic cycles. This study represents the most complete and comprehensive bacterial metabolic reconstruction built to date, while providing computational and experimental evidence about how bacteria increase metabolic robustness, paving the way for engineering more robust biocatalysts and searching for drug targets in robust pathogens.

RESUMEN: A las universidades públicas colombianas, llegan mayoritariamente estudiantes provenientes de estratos medios y bajos con las dificultades propias de su condición social, que aunados a los de masificación creciente, se traducen en fenómenos como la deserción y la mayor duración de la carrera, entre otros. El grupo de investigación Ingeniería y Sociedad, acoge como variables de interés la deserción y la graduación del estudiante. En el presente trabajo, se hace un seguimiento desde la cohorte 2005-2 a la 2013-1, con el propósito de analizar en ellas la evolución de dichas variables en los 16 programas de pregrado de la Facultad de Ingeniería (4 programas virtuales y 12 presenciales). Para tal efecto, los datos fueron tomados del sistema de información de Matrícula y Registro Sistematizado (MARES) de la Universidad, los cuales fueron analizados por medio de estadística descriptiva y comparación entre variables. Los resultados estadísticos que se presentan son los valores de los correspondientes parámetros, dado que fueron calculados sobre los registros de la totalidad de los estudiantes. Se encontró que la deserción promedio entre los programas virtuales al cabo de 10 semestres es del 76%, mientras que en los presenciales es del 51%. Por su parte, el porcentaje de estudiantes graduados a los 10 semestres en la modalidad virtual es del 0.4% y, en la presencial, es del 5%; es decir, por cada estudiante que se gradúe de la virtual, se gradúan 10 de la presencial en el tiempo esperado de duración del programa. Esto muestra que la modalidad virtual en la Facultad de Ingeniería presenta indicadores que la hacen distante con respecto a la modalidad presencial, con las consecuencias negativas que esto conlleva en lo personal, familiar, social e inclusive, para la institución misma. De esta manera, este trabajo contribuye a la identificación de factores asociados a la deserción y a la graduación.

O sistema de embreagem trabalha basicamente como uma interface entre o motor e o veículo. O motor gera potência e torque em uma dada rotação enquanto o veículo parte do repouso. A fase de escorregamento é uma fase crítica para a embreagem durante a partida. Vários estudos têm sido feitos para se estimar o tempo total de escorregamento e a energia gerada durante o acoplamento da embreagem. Considerações sobre essa energia para análise da capacide da embreagem são feitas, resultando em um modelo dinâmico compostos pelos componentes principais do powertrain do veículo. Através de estudo de caso, o modelo proposto é comparado com um modelo simplificado encotrado na literatura e com medições de um veículo para se avaliar sua eficácia. Também são discutidos alguns novos modelos de atrito, além do conhecido modelo de atrito de Coulomb, para se verificar qual melhor se adapta a essa situação The clutch system works basically as an interface between the engine and the vehicle. The engine provides power and torque in a given revolution while the vehicle launches. The slip time is a critical moment for the clutch during vehicle launch. Lots of studies have been done to predict the total slip and related amount of energy during clutch engagement. Considerations about this energy in clutch capacity analysis are proposed, resulting in a dynamic model composed by the main components of the powertrain. Through a study case the proposed model is compared to a simpler model found in the literature and to measurements done is a sample vehicle in order to check the accuracy of the model. Some new friction models are also analyzed, besides to the Coulomb, to check the one which better matches to this situation

Resumen de la comunicación presentada en BIOTEC 90, 3er Congreso Nacional de Biotecnología, Murcia, 10-13 Junio 1990.

Non-human primates, our closest biological relatives, play important roles in the livelihoods, cultures and religions of many societies, and offer unique insights into human evolution, biology, behavior and the threat of emerging diseases. They are an essential component of tropical biodiversity, contributing to forest regeneration and ecosystem health. Current information shows the existence of 504 species in 79 genera distributed in the Neotropics, mainland Africa, Madagascar, and Asia. Alarmingly, ~60% of primate species are now threatened with extinction and ~75% have declining populations. This situation is the result of escalating anthropogenic pressures on primates and their habitats – mainly global and local market demands leading to extensive habitat loss through the expansion of industrial agriculture, large-scale cattle ranching, logging, oil and gas drilling, mining, dam building, and the construction of new road networks in primate range regions. Other important drivers are increased bushmeat hunting and the illegal trade of primates as pets and primate body parts, along with emerging threats such as climate change and anthroponotic diseases. Often, these pressures act in synergy, exacerbating primate population declines. Given that primate range regions overlap extensively with a large, and rapidly growing, human population characterized by high levels of poverty, global attention is needed immediately to reverse the looming risk of primate extinctions and to attend to local human needs in sustainable ways. Raising global scientific and public awareness of the plight of the world’s primates and the costs of their loss to ecosystem health and human society is imperative.