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Carsharing offers an ecologically friendly alternative to private car ownership, helping alleviate urban mobility problems and pave the way to a sustainable future for transportation. However, several obstacles in carsharing service management must be overcome in order to take full advantage of its potential as a mainstream mode of transportation. Among others, substantial barriers to involvement include challenges of vehicle supply and demand management. Against this background, in this article, we develop decision support system for the construction of pricing areas via a design science research approach. The pricing areas influence user rental behavior by adding a fee for returning vehicles in low-demand areas and granting a discount for returning vehicles in high-demand areas. To evaluate the output of the decision support system, a set of constructed pricing areas was tested for one year in a real-world car sharing system. The results reveal that pricing areas reduce the need for vehicle relocations while facilitating better vehicle availability.

Sensors embedded in smart objects, smart machines, and smart buildings produce ever-growing streams of contextual data that convey information of interest about their operating environment. Although an increasing number of industries embrace the utilization of sensors in routine operations, no clear framework is available to guide designers who aim to leverage contextual data collected from these sensors to develop predictive systems. In this paper, we applied the Design Science Research methodology to develop and evaluate a general framework that helps designers to build predictive systems utilizing sensor data. Specifically, we developed a framework for designing context-aware predictive systems (CAPS). We then evaluated the framework through its application in MAN Diesel & Turbo, which served as a case company. The framework can be generalized into a class of demand-forecasting problems that rely on sensor-generated contextual data. The CAPS framework is unique and can help practitioners make better-informed decisions when designing context-aware predictive systems.

Purpose To overcome change management challenges, organizations often rely on stories as means of communication. Storytelling has emerged as a leading change management tool to influence and bring people on sharing knowledge. Nevertheless, this study aims to suggest stories of change as a more effective tool that helps people in taking action toward transformation processes. Design/methodology/approach The authors apply design science research to develop and evaluate how writing a prospective story engages organizational actors in the transformation process. The authors test the story-making artifact in a field study with five companies and 115 employees who participated in 75 workshops. Findings Using the findings to discuss the role of story-making in facilitating the emergence of new behaviors in transformation processes, the authors link story-making with the opportunity to make change happen through knowledge dissemination rather than merely understanding it. Research limitations/implications The authors illustrate the role of iterations, peers and self-criticism that help story-makers embrace sensemaking, developing a shared knowledge based that influence individual actions. Practical implications The authors propose the story-making approach that organizations can follow to nurture change to make transformation happen through knowledge cocreation. Originality/value The research explores story-making as an individual act of writing prospective stories to facilitate the emergence of new behaviors through shared knowledge.

The construction industry’s recognition of the importance of embodied carbon (EC) drives the need for streamlined early-stage EC assessment. The adoption of building information modelling (BIM) allows for integrating EC assessment into current workflows, as BIM data are fundamental to the assessment. This paper presents a BIM-based prototype tool developed to provide a quick and comprehensive assessment of EC in structural models. The prototype utilises visual programming language (VPL) and a database of external carbon factors to automate the assessment process and displays the results in a visualisation model. The prototype also offers high-level insights to support informed decision making and a detailed analysis to identify areas for optimisation. The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of the prototype in identifying EC hot spots and enabling informed decision making for optimisation. From an academic perspective, the study addresses a research gap by demonstrating the viability of integrating EC assessment in the early stages of design. In terms of practical implications, the presented prototype tool offers practitioners a solution that streamlines the assessment of EC in structural models, enabling informed decision making and identification of optimisation opportunities. In terms of policy, the research is aligned with the industry’s recognition of EC’s importance and supports sustainable building practices towards achieving net zero carbon goals.

In Peruvian Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory of the Regional Health Directorate of Callao, issues related to the diagnostic process where identified, because of the slowly generations of patients result. This research develops a web application to solve these issues using a participatory design. Qualitative data were recollected through interviews and focus groups in 45 medical centers belong to the regional health directorate (DIRESA) from Callao. These data were used to define the correct design and develop the required processes in the web application. Quantitative data were recollected either, to measure the efficiency of the new diagnostic process using the web application. The results show that with the use of the web application 120 hours were reduce from the monthly validation results and avoid the generation of 8,700 duplicate information, with these results the diagnostic process was improve. The research also confirms that the design and use of technological tools in a collaborative environment improve the process efficiency.

Road traffic accidents in Saudi Arabia have become a serious issue because many of these accidents lead to deaths, injuries, and financial losses. Human lives are often lost in road accidents due to the delay in accident detection by medical assistance. In fact, the accident’s location and the driver’s personal information are considered critical information that plays a vital role in preserving human life. Additionally, previous studies have found a limitation in the encryption of sensitive data; in fact, a leak of private information is thought to be one of the challenges that restrict the use of IoT devices. To resolve this problem, this research presents an intelligent security framework, and an Internet-of-Things-based system is proposed for immediate accident detection. Thus, this system requires the highest level of security and privacy to maintain the driver’s privacy. Moreover, the design science research methodology was followed to design and evaluate the artifacts. Thus, the study’s research resulted in the ability to design a secure and effective IoT-based system to detect and report a car accident instantly. In addition, the message is encrypted using Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption and sent through Message Queuing Telemetry Transport over GSM. The study’s overall results show the flexibility with which the proposed artifact can be used for other purposes related to the IoT security framework to send and encrypt critical information.

The development and increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in high-risk application areas, calls for attention to the governance of AI systems. Organizations and researchers have proposed AI ethics principles, but translating principles into practice-oriented frameworks has proven difficult. This paper develops meta-requirements for organizational AI governance frameworks to help translate ethical AI principles into practice and align operations with the forthcoming European AI Act. We adopt a design science research approach. We put forward research-based premises, then we report the design method employed in an industry-academia research project. Based on these, we present seven meta- requirements for AI governance frameworks. The paper contributes to the IS research on AI governance by collating knowledge into meta-requirements and advancing a design approach to AI governance. The study underscores that governance frameworks need to incorporate the characteristics of AI, its contexts, and the different sources of requirements.

This study uses a design science research methodology to develop and evaluate the Pi-Mind agent, an information technology artefact that acts as a responsible, resilient, ubiquitous cognitive clone – or a digital copy – and an autonomous representative of a human decision-maker. Pi-Mind agents can learn the decision-making capabilities of their “donors” in a specific training environment based on generative adversarial networks. A trained clone can be used by a decision-maker as an additional resource for one’s own cognitive enhancement, as an autonomous representative, or even as a replacement when appropriate. The assumption regarding this approach is as follows: when someone was forced to leave a critical process because of, for example, sickness, or wanted to take care of several simultaneously running processes, then they would be more confident knowing that their autonomous digital representatives were as capable and predictable as their exact personal “copy”. The Pi-Mind agent was evaluated in a Ukrainian higher education environment and a military logistics laboratory. In this paper, in addition to describing the artefact, its expected utility, and its design process within different contexts, we include the corresponding proof of concept, proof of value, and proof of use. peerReviewed

The paradigm of Society 5.0 assumes the availability of Information and Communication Technologies at the service of People. Given this assumption, the paper presents a prototype that aims to facilitate the dissemination of information from an Association to contribute to the integration of migrants in a Portuguese city, thus disseminating the various services provided to expedite their integration and inclusion. The methodology adopted was Design Science Research given its frequent use in the scientific field of Information Systems to enhance the successive iterations underlying the process of creating the artifact. The main results focus on the relevance of using Information and Communication Technologies as vehicles for improving access to information and thus contributing to the integration of the Brazilian community in the city. The prototype presents a mobile application that allows making available in a generalized way the services of the Casa do Brasil Association in Viseu.

This study presents an Information Systems (IS) research methodology for the conduct of critical research into sustainable development that encompasses the objectives of socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable economic growth. The specific context is the application of critical research in the problem definition phase of IS Design Science Research for sustainable development. The paper guides IS research through problem scenarios of unsustainable development where power can distort truth and corrupt the public discourse in the furtherance of their ambitions. The methodology provides a structured approach to engage in inquiry of topics which are by their nature, deceptive and opaque. The methodology enables research inquiry encompassing societal topics, macro-social issues related to sustainable development and the application of nomothetic inquiry to address systemic problems. The paper concludes with illustrative examples of outcomes from the application of the prescribed methodology. The study provides an IS response to systemic social and environmental challenges by identifying the routes to transformation which in turn inform the design of IS solutions. Consequently, the study lays a foundation for IS engagement in socially responsible design science research.

Dissertação de mestrado em Engineering and Management of Information Systems, Os sistemas de informação assumem relevância em vários domínios das nossas vidas, tendo um papel inegável em muitas áreas. É o caso da saúde, em que vários sistemas trabalham em conjunto, ajudando os profissionais a dar o melhor tratamento possível aos pacientes. Infelizmente, e muito frequentemente, estes sistemas não cooperam como deveriam devido à falta de interoperabilidade entre eles. A interoperabilidade, apesar de necessária, coloca sérios desafios às instituições, aos profissionais de saúde, aos criadores e vendedores de sistemas de informação de saúde e, também, aos pacientes. Para lidar com as ameaças que surgem das interfaces de interoperabilidade, é necessário identificar essas ameaças e quais as ferramentas a usar para as tratar. Este projeto de investigação segue uma abordagem denominada “Design Science Research”. Esta abordagem permite a pesquisa de um artefacto técnico para tornar as interfaces de interoperabilidade mais robustas. Os principais fatores de risco relacionados com estas interfaces foram identificados e avaliados, para permitir focar a pesquisa. Foi criado um artefacto para monitorizar o estado das interfaces de interoperabilidade mais relevantes, comunicando esse estado a um servidor central. No fundo, o artefacto funciona como uma tática de resposta ao risco, que implementa conceitos da Observabilidade dos Sistemas Distribuídos. A instanciação do artefacto ocorreu em 6 instituições médicas. O artefacto de monitorização envia alertas de comportamentos incorretos, como era esperado. As anomalias são detetadas mais rápido, permitindo diminuir o tempo de inatividade das interfaces. Durante o desenvolvimento deste artefacto também foi adquirido conhecimento significativo. Estes resultados são um primeiro passo para responder mais apropriadamente aos riscos inerentes das interfaces de interoperabilidade. Esta pesquisa ajuda a validar os princípios de Observabilidade como uma estratégia de gestão de risco viável neste contexto. Esta estratégia poderá ser expandida para outros riscos que venham a ser identificados., Relevance of information systems spans across multiple domains of our daily lives, playing an undeniably role in multiple areas. Such is the case of healthcare, where multiple systems work together, helping professionals provide patients with the best care possible. Unfortunately, more often than not, these systems do not cooperate as well as they should, due to lack of interoperability. Interoperability, although necessary, poses serious challenges for institutions, their staff, health information systems vendors and developers and, ultimately, patients as well. To handle threats arising from interoperability interfaces, it is necessary to identify this threats and what tools could be used to tackle them. This research project assumes a Design Science Research approach. This paradigm allowed the search for a technical artefact to make Interoperability interfaces more robust. Major risk factors related to these interfaces were identified and scored, allowing a focused research effort. An artefact was created to monitor the state of relevant interoperability interfaces, communicating this state to a central server. In essence, the artefact works as risk response tactic, by implementing concepts of observability in distributed systems. Artefact instantiation occurs in 6 medical institutions. The monitor artefact sends alerts for erroneous behaviour, as expected. Anomalies are detected much quicker, allowing for less downtime. Significant knowledge was also gathered while developing this artefact. These results are a first step towards responding more appropriately to the inherent risks of interoperability interfaces. This research helped to validate observability principles as a viable risk handling strategy in this context. This strategy ought to be expanded for other identified Risks.

Door het groeiend aantal succesverhalen over data analytics zijn veel bedrijven gestart met dataanalyse projecten. Maar in de praktijk blijkt dat data-analyse projecten minder succesvol zijn dan verwacht, omdat er geen geschikte procesmethodologie is om data-analyse projecten te managen. Scrum is mogelijk een geschikte methodologie, maar er is nog geen onderzoek gedaan naar een methodologie die volledig om scrum is gebaseerd. Daarom is in dit onderzoek, door middel van Design Science Research, eenopscrum gebaseerde methodologie ontworpen voor data-analyse projecten genaamd SCRUM-DAP. Uit de resultaten van het onderzoek blijkt dat het mogelijk is om succesvol een op scrum gebaseerde methodologie toe te passen op data-analyse projecten. De resultaten van het onderzoek bevestigen dat de scrum-methodiek volledig volgen niet geschikt is voor data-analyse projecten. Maar dat het toepassen van elementen van SCRUM een positief effect kunnen hebben op data-analyseprojecten. Verwacht wordt dat SCRUM-DAP, ten opzichte van geen methodologie, met name een positief effect heeft op de efficiency en effectiviteit van het proces en in mindere mate op de kwaliteit van het eindresultaat. Er wordt aanbevolen om verder onderzoek te doen naar de toepasbaarheid van SCRUM-DAP op specifiek verschillende type data-analyse projecten zoals beschrijvende, verklarende, voorspellende en voortschrijdende analyses.

Millions of people experience mental health issues each year, increasing the necessity for health-related services. One emerging technology with the potential to help address the resulting shortage in health care providers and other barriers to treatment access are conversational agents (CAs). CAs are software-based systems designed to interact with humans through natural language. However, CAs do not live up to their full potential yet because they are unable to capture dynamic human behavior to an adequate extent to provide responses tailored to users’ personalities. To address this problem, we conducted a design science research (DSR) project to design personality-adaptive conversational agents (PACAs). Following an iterative and multi-step approach, we derive and formulate six design principles for PACAs for the domain of mental health care. The results of our evaluation with psychologists and psychiatrists suggest that PACAs can be a promising source of mental health support. With our design principles, we contribute to the body of design knowledge for CAs and provide guidance for practitioners who intend to design PACAs. Instantiating the principles may improve interaction with users who seek support for mental health issues.

Knowledge management (KM) can facilitate collaboration and enhance innovation. To manage knowledge, organisations typically implement knowledge management systems (KMSs). It has been shown that KMS facilitates the management of explicit knowledge. However, KMSs are at times not embraced because of issues such as long file search times and information overload. Moreover, managing tacit knowledge via KMS is hardly discussed in literature. To shed light on these issues, this paper conducts a case study at a railway infrastructure manager. Three key practical problems have been identified that hinder current KMS use and sharing of tacit knowledge. To overcome these problems, a KM platform was developed, and its usability was assessed with 17 experts. A paired-samples t-test reveals that the developed platform reduces the file search time compared to the current solution. Moreover, structured interviews show that the lesson-learned site component contributes to improved learning, and the KM platform facilitates collaboration building.

Expectations to derive value from open data are high. However, how value is created from open data is still largely unknown. Open data value is usually generated in constellation of actors in which each player has different capabilities and roles. To understand the open data value creation process, the business model canvas is introduced in this article. The typical components of the business model canvas and open data value creation are derived from the literature. By combining these two research streams, the open data value model canvas is created. The case of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide dashboard developed by the Johns Hopkins University is used to evaluate the model's utility. Key components of the open data value model are creating an overview of various data sources from public and private organizations, having capabilities to combine heterogeneous data, and connecting data and needs. In this way, the open data canvas helps to grasp the value creation logic.

The design of sensitive online healthcare systems must balance the requirements of privacy and accountability for the good of individuals, organizations, and society. Via a design science research approach, we build and evaluate a sophisticated software system for the online provision of psychosocial healthcare to distributed and vulnerable populations. Multidisciplinary research capabilities are embedded within the system to investigate the effectiveness of online treatment protocols. Throughout the development cycles of the system, we build an emergent design theory of scrutiny that applies a multi-layer protocol to support governance of privacy and accountability in sensitive online applications. The design goal is to balance stakeholder privacy protections with the need to provide for accountable interventions in critical and well-defined care situations. The research implications for the development and governance of online applications in numerous privacy-sensitive application areas are explored

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies Management Green IT and Green IS have emerged in IS literature as dominant concepts to improve sustainability activities in companies and contribute towards the goal of combating climate change. While research has focused on different and mostly narrow aspects in these areas, solution-oriented and more practical approaches that can be easily applied to a broader environment are hard to find. Therefore, this study follows a design science research methodology to identify how companies can approach and improve their IT-related sustainability activities. An initial literature review is used to establish the basis for an implementation framework, and a systematic review is used to compare existing tools for green IT readiness and maturity assessment. A framework is developed that combines all the steps necessary to implement green IT, including a readiness assessment and a maturity assessment. The model is validated with feedback from expert interviews. The goal of this research is to develop a framework that guides companies in a systematic way toward green IT implementation and continuous improvement, considering existing models and tools. Therefore, this study not only helps companies to improve their ecological footprint but also contributes to scientific research in the IS field and helps society advance in the important goal of reversing climate change. In addition, the findings will provide important implications for further studies on green IT and Green IS concepts and their successful implementation in all kinds of organizations.

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Knowledge Management and Business Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been praised as the next big thing in the computing revolution, and it's been touted as a game-changer in a variety of fields, including healthcare. The increasing popularity of this technology is driving early adoption and leading to a lack of consideration of the patient perspective in its use, bringing new sources of distrust that come from the absence of human attributes. This study aims to address this problem by presenting a strategy in the area of affective computing that will combat this absence of empathy experienced by the patient during a medical process. To reach this goal, a Design Science Research Methodology will be followed. A preliminary literature study had already been completed, and the research topic and objectives had been established. In addition, to apply the artifact developments, a bot will be built and evaluated by a set of users. The increased awareness of these AI systems will, expectedly, stimulate their use. By adding new research into the affective computing field, it is also expected to contribute to the digital healthcare evolution and to encourage further scientific progress in this area.

Units of measurement are needed in many of today’s software programs and datasets for describing physical concepts. Despite this, there are many issues regarding units of measurement in both code and data, such as inconsistent unit annotations, unit types being difficult to annotate and missing built-in unit support in tools and programming languages. Not least, is there a lack of examples of how to implement safe usage of units of measurement within an entire ecosystem consisting of code programs and data resources. Therefore, this thesis takes a design science approach to explore how a simple ecosystem of interconnected software and data components can be refactored to support safe usage of units of measurement, and whether the given solution shows it is possible to mitigate the burden of having to annotate types within the ecosystem. This has resulted in the development of an artifact that offers read/create, refactor and formatting capabilities, that can be used to implement units of measurement and unit checking into an ecosystem. The findings are that the artifact demonstrates how it is possible to implement safer usage of units, and at the same time being able to avoid the annotation burden to some extent.

Current trends in urban areas pose several challenges to city logistics stakeholders while also offering opportunities for optimization. With its analytics, modelling and simulation capabilities, the Digital Supply Chain Twin (DSCT) technology provides a possibility to optimize urban logistics processes. However, a number of barriers have limited the implementation of holistic DSCTs so far. An integrative, collaborative platform could decrease these barriers. By applying design science research methodology and expert interviews, this paper develops an architecture for a high-level cross-institutional platform for the generation of DSCTs. This framework includes a modular design of the platform through eight functional modules. The platform can facilitate the implementation of DSCTs for urban stakeholders and thus optimize urban logistics processes.

Purpose/Problem: Providing a digital platform for citizens to collaborate with governments to address environmental issues is vital for achieving sustainability goals. However, the e-government literature lacks studies that provide pragmatic solutions to sustainability problems through the design of artifacts, especially in developing countries. To fill the gap, the dissertation aims to design and evaluate a digital government collaborative platform (DGCP) and produce design knowledge to facilitate the collaboration between the government and citizens to address environmental sustainability issues in Sri Lanka. Research methods: The design science research methodology (DSRM) was chosen for this research. Value-sensitive design (VSD) was also adopted throughout the design process to identify and embed human values in the DGCP. The prototype and the final workable DGCP were evaluated by stakeholders following the framework for evaluation in design science research (FEDS). Multiple methods were used in data collection and analysis. Results: The result of the research was a designed and evaluated e-government artifact, the DGCP. By adopting the VSD approach, we first derived fifteen human values that were critical to DGCP design. The values were translated into thirty-one design requirements that were integrated into the prototype of the DGCP. The evaluation of the DGCP prototype indicated that the design requirements were fulfilled. Then, the evaluation of the final, workable DGCP showed that the stakeholders were satisfied with the system. Further, the evaluation also pointed out that the human values derived from the VSD approach were reflected in the DGCP. Contributions: The dissertation advances e-government design knowledge for sustainability. DGCP is an instantiation of an e-government tool for facilitating collaboration on environmental sustainability issues in Sri Lanka. The design knowledge is produced by incorporating human values and translating them into design requirements through the VSD approach. Moreover, four design principles were generalized. Integrating the VSD into the DSRM activities offers a powerful choice of method that provides a well-grounded design in context. The knowledge can be applied in other e-government designs and generate positive societal consequences concerning sustainable development.

The practice of information systems development (ISD) has changed during the past two decades from very structured approaches to agile ISD methods. However, many methods available for managing requirements-related risks in the literature follow the structured way of doing ISD. If any, few methods offer solutions to prioritize requirements risks for agile ISD projects based on recognizing requirements-related risks and patterns to mitigate these. To fill this gap in the literature, we apply the design science research methodology to develop an agile requirements risk prioritization method together with industry experts (n=54) in Finland and New Zealand in a multi-year study. The method was developed by applying contingency theory, and our study makes an artifactual contribution to the literature. The method helps practitioners prioritize the overall requirements-related risks for ISD projects. peerReviewed

There is a widespread problem of cookie banners not being compliant with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which negatively impacts user experience and violates personal data rights. To mitigate this issue, strides need to be made in violation detection to assist developers, designers, lawyers, organizations, and authorities in designing and enforcing GDPR-compliant cookie banners. In this thesis, we present a novel method and an open-source tool for automatically analyzing the GDPR compliance of cookie banners. The tool uniquely leverages large language models together with static code analysis to locate and analyze any cookie banner, using only the website address as input. Informed by the Design Science Research methodology, our research process involved interviews with GDPR legal experts and a thorough review of current literature in order to understand the problem context and define the objectives for our solution. After an initial version of the tool was created, an evaluation was performed by a GDPR legal expert. The feedback revealed that even at this early development stage, the tool approaches the capabilities of a trained eye, which illustrates its potential. Furthermore, our proposed method is generalizable and can be used under many domains to solve various problems (e.g., more generalized web scraping). However, further development and testing with the help of legal experts is required to enhance the tool's accuracy and validity.

In this chapter, we develop an action design research approach to study digital transformation in the small and medium-sized companies engaged in Innovation Factory North. The Innovation Factory North is a research and innovation project aimed at making Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) smarter by engaging in joint industry/academic activities. The collaborative activities are framed as participatory design (PD) and the research activities are framed as action design research (ADR). This leads to formulating an approach to study the mechanisms for making small and medium-sized manufacturing companies smarter, by conducting a series of interactive research engagements with SME's centered around the AAU learning factory, the AAU Smart Lab.

Nowadays, the business world is characterized by complexity since market and customer requirements are changing rapidly. Based on this assumption, providers are facing the challenge of delivering software products in shorter terms while these products remain innovative. Agile software development has a huge impact on how software is developed worldwide and promises business value in short iterations. At the same time, requirements are the base of all software products, and consequently, Requirements Engineering (RE) plays one of the most important roles in system development. Traditional techniques referring to intended data do not cover the constantly increasing demands of RE and unintended data from digital sources has amplified the need for Data-Driven Requirements Engineering (DDRE). This study contributes to Computer and System Science by providing a process to combine DDRE and traditional RE approaches in Agile software development methodologies. In this study, the researcher is trying to provide a concrete solution to the lack of an effective process to address data-driven requirements in a Scrum environment organized by regular Sprints and the purpose of it is to suggest a new method for requirements elicitation based on digital data and combine them with traditional stakeholder-driven RE in a Scrum agile environment. The method intends to assist Agile professionals to elicit requirements from digital sources in combination with intended data derived from the stakeholders without impacting the main Agile practices. The approach to conduct this study is Design Science Research (DSR) and contains five steps: Explicate Problem, Define Requirements, Design and develop Artefact, Demonstrate Artefact, and Evaluate Artefact. Literature review has been conducted to explicate the research problem and define the requirements of the artefact. Then, a process and a collaboration board have been created based on the requirements to bring DDRE and traditional RE into the Scrum environment. The researcher performed a demonstration of two illustrative cases of the usage of the proposed artefact to three Scrum professionals and three semi-structured interviews were conducted to evaluate the artefact. After the evaluation, the researcher refined and presented the final artefact that will help the public and private organizations to reduce the costs and time plan on eliciting requirements, and to increase the customers’ satisfaction. The artefact has not been applied in a real Agile environment, but Requirement Engineers and Agile team members can build on the proposed method and bring the elicitation approach of DDRE closer to the software development process.

The rise of decentralized financial applications, such as crypto assets and currencies, challenges traditional banking and finance’s roles and value proposition. To remain competitive traditional finance organizations and institutions need to learn from innovations in decentralized finance. Hence, they must gain a broad and deep understanding of this emerging ecosystem. In addition, it is crucial to acquire specific design knowledge, to develop innovative but regulatorily compliant crypto assets and currencies. Furthermore, centralized institutions in this domain need to manage crypto assets and currencies effectively to mitigate risk while improving portfolio performance. In light of this paradigm shift, this dissertation seeks to guide the financial sector in designing and managing crypto assets and currencies. To achieve this objective, I structure my dissertation along three research goals: first, establishing an understanding of decentralized finance, and second and third, providing guidance in the design and, respectively, management of crypto assets and currencies. To address the first research goal, I capture the state of the art in decentralized finance, develop a consolidating definition, devise a research framework, and propose future research directions (Essay 1). To achieve the second goal, I focus on guiding traditional finance organizations in designing crypto assets and currencies by developing novel information technology artifacts and proposing design suggestions, specifically, for blockchain-based equity tokens (Essay 2) and privacy-enhanced but regulatorily compliant digital payment systems (Essay 3). Lastly, to achieve the third goal, I provide investors with valuable insights into the efficient portfolio management of crypto asset and currency (Essay 4). The findings of this dissertation contribute to the body of knowledge on crypto assets and currencies through exploratory, prescriptive, descriptive, and analytical research methods. Specifically, the pluralistic research approach permits the generation of richer and more reliable knowledge for both the information systems and finance research domains. Overall, this dissertation provides theoretical and practical insights into the design and management of crypto assets and currencies.

I takt med att användandet av e-handelsplattformar växer tillkommer även högre krav på att underhållsjobb, till exempel generera filer och rensa loggar, förvaltas effektivt. Motillo, ett karlstadbaserat konsultföretag inriktade på e-handel och digitala affärer, använder e- handelsplattformen Litium. Underhållsjobb, som idag finns specifikt för jobb i Litium, måste i dagsläget hanteras genom en konfigurationsfil, vilket kan vara tidskrävande. Motillo vill kunna konfigurera och monitorera dessa underhållsjobb direkt i Litiums administratörsvy, back-office. Syftet med denna studie har för författaren varit att utveckla och utvärdera ett adminverktyg i Litiums back-office baserat på en kravställning som upprättats av uppdragsgivaren Motillo. Det utvecklade adminverktyget skulle öka möjligheten och insikten att konfigurera och monitorera underhållsjobb. Studien låg även till grund för de med intresse av att implementera en likande lösning som det utvecklade adminverktyget. För att utveckla adminverktyget tillämpades olika tekniker som innefattade bland annat ramverken React och ASP.NET Core MVC, olika verktyg för versionshantering och pakethantering, samt utveckling efter den agila arbetsmetoden Scrum. Metoder som MoSCoW, Think-aloud, expertutvärderingar, beta-tester samt ett användar-acceptanstest, i form av en semi-strukturerad intervju, tillämpades och genomfördes för att utvärdera det utvecklade adminverktyget mot slutanvändaren. Insamlad data i studien har varit av kvalitativ karaktär. Studien har även inspirerats av Design Science Research där författaren använt den som övergripande metod där övriga metoder mer konkret tillfogats. Det utvecklade verktyget utvärderades mot den upprättade kravställningen, där endast funktionella krav utvärderades, samt uppfattningar om verktyget och dess potentiella förbättringsåtgärder. Slutanvändaren uppfattade artefakten som bra och de var, baserat på kravställningen, nöjda med resultatet av det utvecklade adminverktyget. Slutanvändaren uppfattade dock att det fanns förbättringspotential och vidareutvecklingsmöjligheter, som bland annat innefattade krav med lägre prioritet som inte genomförts. Dessa krav var krav som prioriterats W, på MoSCoW-skalan, alltså krav som var önskade men som inte kom att genomföras. Författaren kunde lista tre vidareutvecklingsförslag som var Ändra exekveringsintervaller i adminpanelen, Möjlighet att avbryta ett jobb från att vidare exekvera och Visa status för jobbet. Från resultatet kunde författaren även identifiera förbättringar för att öka spårbarheten av loggar, genom ytterligare filtreringsmöjligheter, samt en tydligare presentation av jobbstatus i form av en progress-bar. Författaren rekommenderar även att vidare undersökning om adminverktyget, gällande icke-funktionella krav samt det grafiska användargränssnittet, bör genomföras.

Satış ve Operasyon Planlama (S&OP), orta ve uzun vadede arz ve talebi dengelemeyi hedefleyen, bunu yaparken kuruluşların stratejik planlarına ve karlılığa odaklanan bir entegre planlama sürecidir. S&OP, artan küreselleşme, pazar belirsizliği ve müşteri talepleri karşısında kuruluşların rekabet güçlerinin artırılmasında çok önemli hale gelmiştir. Kuruluşların fırsat ve tehditlere karşı daha çevik aksiyon almalarını sağlar. Ancak kuruluşlar bu potansiyel faydaları elde etmek için sürecin ne kadar etkin kullanıldığını tespit etmelidir. Olgunluk Modelleri (OM), S&OP'nin mevcut durumunu değerlendirmeye yardımcı olur ve sürekli iyileştirmeye yol açar. Literatür, bir S&OP olgunluk değerlendirmesinin nasıl yapıldığını açıklamaktan yoksundur ve teorik olarak sağlam, titizlikle test edilmiş bir olgunluk modelinin nasıl geliştirileceğine dair çok az çalışma vardır. Bu, kuruluşların S&OP süreçlerinin olgunluğunu sürekli olarak değerlendirmek ve geliştirmek için kapsamlı bir model ihtiyacı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu tez, kuruluşların mevcut durumunu değerlendirmeleri ve iyileştirme faaliyetlerinde bulunmalarını sağlayan bir yol haritası çizmeleri için teorik temellere dayalı, bilimsel yöntemler kullanılarak geliştirilmiş ve test edilmiş bir S&OP olgunluk modeli sunarak bu sorunu çözmeyi araştırmaktadır. Problemin çözümü için Tasarım Bilimi Araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş modelin geliştirilmesi için metodolojik bir yaklaşım seçilmiştir. Literatürden tespit edilen boyut ve kriterler Delphi yöntemi ile doğrulanmış, AHP ve SWARA yöntemleri ile ağırlıkları tespit edilmiştir. Olgunluk ölçümü için bir öz değerlendirme anketi geliştirilmiş ve istatistiksel olarak test edilmiştir. S&OP OM beş olgunluk seviyesinden ve beş boyut ile yirmi dokuz alt kriterden oluşur. Geliştirilen S&OP OM ’nin uygulanabilirliği üç vaka analizi ile test edilmiş ve sonuçları uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca modelin etkinliği, faydası, yeterliliği ve kullanışlılığı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmeler, S&OP OM ’nin uygulanabilir olduğu ve olgunluğu geliştirmek için önemli katkılar sağlayabildiğini göstermektedir. S&OP sürecinin firma performansı üzerine etkisi anket yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda S&OP olgunluğunun firma performansı üzerinde pozitif ve anlamlı bir yönde etkisi olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır., Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) is an integrated planning process that aims to balance supply and demand in the medium and long term, while focusing on the strategic plans of organizations and profitability. S&OP has become very important in increasing the competitiveness of companies in the face of growing globalization, market uncertainty and customer demands. It enables organizations to take more agile action against opportunities and threats. However, organizations must determine how effectively the process is used to achieve these potential benefits. Maturity Models (MM) help to evaluate the current state of S&OP and lead to continuous improvement. The literature lacks an explanation of how an S&OP maturity assessment is made, and there is little study on how to develop a theoretically sound, rigorously tested maturity model. This shows that organizations need a comprehensive model to assess and improve the maturity of their S&OP processes. Hence, a research on the rigorous development of an S&OP maturity models is needed. This thesis seeks to solve this problem by presenting an S&OP maturity model that has been developed and tested using scientific methods, based on theoretical foundations, for organizations to assess their current status and draw a roadmap for improvements. For the solution of the problem, the Design Science Research method was adopted and a methodological approach was chosen for the development of the model. The dimensions and criteria determined from the literature were verified with the Delphi method, and their weights were determined with the AHP and SWARA methods. For the measurement of maturity, a self-assessment questionnaire was developed and statistically tested. S&OP MM consists of five maturity levels and five dimensions and twenty-nine sub-criteria. The applicability of the developed S&OP MM was tested with three case studies and the results showed that it was applicable. In addition, the effectiveness, utility, adequacy and usefulness of the model were evaluated. The results show that S&OP MM is applicable and can make important contributions to improve maturity. The effect of the S&OP process on firm performance was investigated by the survey method. As a result of the data obtained, it has been found that S&OP maturity has a positive and significant effect on firm performance.

Allt fler företag letar efter effektiva sätt att utföra repetitiva uppgifter. Författaren kom i kontakt med företaget Etteplan, som manuellt granskar olika handlingar (dokument) för att hitta och notera eventuella felaktigheter. Uppdraget författaren fick av Etteplan bestod av att implementera en automatiseringslösning som automatiskt granskar dessa handlingar och identifierar eventuella felaktigheter i handlingens tabellhuvud, som sedan presenteras i en Excel-fil. Dessa felaktigheter kan vara att de olika fälten har fel format eller att fälten är tomma.Författarens syfte var att utveckla och utvärdera denna automatiseringslösning och ta reda på hur automatiseringslösningen mottogs av Etteplan, samt vilka förbättringsförslag som framkom. För att utveckla automatiseringslösningen har flera tekniker använts, som till exempel programmeringsspråket Python, OCR-verktyget PyTesseract och datorseende-biblioteket OpenCV. Automatiseringslösningen utvecklades och utvärderades iterativt med stöd av Design Science Research tillsammans med enhetstester, acceptanstester, ”tänka högt”-sessioner och semi-strukturerade intervjuer, där automatiseringslösningen testades av slutanvändaren på Etteplan. Under utvärderingssessionerna framkom bland annat uppfattningar om lösningens funktionalitet, utseende och layout samt förbättringsförslag. Studiens resultat indikerar att automatiseringslösningen uppfattades som positiv av slutanvändarna samt att den kan skapa mervärde på Etteplan. Ett flertal förbättringsförslag framkom, exempelvis att Excel-rapportens utformning kan förbättras. Det framkom även önskemål om ny funktionalitet, exempelvis att fler filformat skulle gå att granska, så som TIFF- och DWG-filer.

As chatbots are gaining popularity in customer service, it is critically important for companies to continuously analyze and improve their chatbots’ performance. However, current analysis approaches are often limited to the question-answer level or produce highly aggregated metrics (e.g., conversations per day) instead of leveraging the full potential of the large volume of conversation data to provide actionable insights for chatbot developers and chatbot managers. To address this challenge, we developed a novel chatbot analytics approach — conversation mining — based on concepts and methods from process mining. We instantiated our approach in a conversation mining system that can be used to visually analyze customer-chatbot conversations at the process level. The results of four focus group evaluations suggest that conversation mining can help chatbot developers and chatbot managers to extract useful insights for improving customer service chatbots. Our research contributes to research and practice with novel design knowledge for conversation mining systems.

Rapid technological advancements have paved the way for better support for human health and well-being, and ICT-supported occupational stress management is one such growing area. However, this field lacks studies that can provide pragmatic solutions for occupational stress management through the design of artefacts for specific occupational groups, especially in developing countries. Previous studies of ICT-supported interventions for occupational stress management have shown low engagement and adherence, which have reduced their potential benefits. The aim of this thesis is therefore to conceptualise, design and evaluate an ICT-supported intervention for occupational stress management that can support user engagement and adherence among Sri Lankan software employees. The software industry in Sri Lanka is a fast-growing sector that is prone to producing stressed employees due to the demanding nature of the work. Design science research methodology was used as a guide for the research activities in this study. The thesis consists of eight interrelated studies in which a diversified range of research strategies were applied. Data were captured from three stakeholder categories: software employees, human resource managers in Colombo-based software companies, and stress experts from private, non-governmental and governmental organisations. The data collection methods used in the studies varied, and included literature reviews, questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Inductive thematic analysis was applied to analyse the qualitative data, and descriptive statistics were used for the quantitative data. Based on these studies, the proposed artefact was conceptualised as a self-help intervention that could be used with little guidance to promote health and well-being. The artefact incorporates multiple functional modules that provide both a ‘personal space’ and a ‘collaborative space’. The personal space provides users with resources and tools to manage stress independently, whereas the collaborative space provides avenues for seeking social support, and allows for interactions between peers and experts. To support engagement and adherence, the intervention was designed to be enjoyable, easy to use and responsive to the user’s needs. An evaluation of a prototype with the three stakeholders indicated that the intervention has the potential to be useful in practice. This thesis contributes to existing knowledge in the empirical domain through the instantiation of a viable design prototype for managing occupational stress among software employees in Sri Lanka. It also advances the current knowledge of design science research practice in regard to ICT-supported interventions. This knowledge can be applied to the design of similar ICT-supported interventions to promote human health and well-being.

På företaget AFRY i Karlstad har en medarbetare med fika varje fredag och turordningen för detta sker i dagsläget med en Excel-fil vilket är problematiskt då inte alla har tillgång till filen och kan då inte se när det är deras tur att ta med fika, vilket resulterar i att det glöms av att ta med fika. Författaren har fått i uppdrag av AFRY att ta fram en webbaserad applikation där personalen kan se schemat för vems tur det är att ta med fika. En kravspecifikation upprättades av uppdragsgivaren tillsammans med en lista på den tekniska uppsättningen för webbapplikationen som gäller. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka komplikationer som uppstår vid implementationen samt hur användarna mottar applikationen. För detta har två undersökningsfrågor upprättats som ligger till grund för studien: Vad resulterar utvärderingarna i och vilka förslag till förbättring mottogs? Vilka komplikationer uppstår vid implementationen och hur har dessa lösts? Design Science Research applicerades som forskningsstrategi för studien där momenten Specificera krav, Implementering och Utvärdering användes för att skapa artefakten som det studeras kring. En agil arbetsmetod låg till grund för att föra arbetet framåt där det utvecklades i tre sprintar. Artefakten utvärderades av testpersoner som var personal hos uppdragsgivaren och det genomfördes Black Box- och Manuella tester där testpersonerna fick uttrycka och reflektera kring implementationen som utförts. Data samlades in med hjälp av strukturerade intervjuer där författaren förde anteckningar på vad som uttrycktes. Utvärderingarna resulterade i att det som implementerades saknade funktionalitet som testpersonerna efterfrågade. Flertalet data samlades in som påvisar att de krav som ställdes skulle behövt specificerats ytterligare för att uppnå högre tillfredsställelse från testpersonerna. De komplikationer som påträffades under implementationen kunde antingen lösas genom att läsa dokumentationen för teknik som användes eller att testpersonerna, som innehar mer erfarenhet än författaren, kunde lösa dessa. Slutsatsen för studien är att krav som ställs måste specificeras mer detaljrikt för att artefakten skall bli så likt användarnas bild av den som möjligt.

Este estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um dashboard para ser incorporado a um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. O dashboard permite aos professores um maior acompanhamento das atividades dos estudantes no ambiente. As diretrizes da pesquisa foram definidas a partir da análise de três outras propostas similares, sendo o método Design Science Research escolhido para o percurso metodológico. Os resultados apontam que o dashboard obteve bons indicadores, tanto para questões de usabilidade quanto para aceitação do artefato proposto.

PurposeThe present paper constructed a new framework for government data governance based on the concept of a data middle platform to elicit the detailed requirements and functionalities of a government data governance framework.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a three-cycle activity, the design science research (DSR) paradigm was used to develop design propositions. The design propositions are obtained based on a systematic literature review of government data governance and data governance frameworks. Cases and experts further assessed the effectiveness of the implementation of the artifacts.FindingsThe study developed an effective framework for government data governance that supported the digital service needs of the government. The results demonstrated the advantages of the framework in adapting to organizational operations and data, realized the value of data assets, improved data auditing and oversight and facilitated communication. From the collection of data to the output of government services, the framework adapted to the new characteristics of digital government.Originality/valueKnowledge of the “data middle platforms” generated in this study provides new knowledge to the design of government data governance frameworks and helps translate design propositions into concrete capabilities. By reviewing earlier literature, the article identified the core needs and challenges of government data governance to help practitioners approach government data governance in a structured manner.

PurposeTo explore the value and the case for designing antifragile socio-technical information systems (IS) in an era of big data, moving beyond traditional notions of IS design towards systems that can leverage uncertainty for gains.Design/methodology/approachA design science research (DSR) approach was adopted, comprising four stages, including problem identification and solutions definition, conceptual artifact or socio-technical system design, preliminary evaluation, and communication and knowledge capture.FindingsA conceptual socio-technical artifact that identifies antecedents to antifragile IS design. When operationalised, the antecedents may produce the desired antifragile outcome. The antecedents are categorised as value propositions, design decisions and system capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is conceptual in nature, applied and evaluated in a single big data analytics case study in Facebook-Cambridge Analytica. Future research should empirically validate across a range of real-world big data contexts, beyond the presented case study.Practical implicationsUncertainty generally results in socio-technical system failures, impacting individuals, organisations and communities. Conversely, antifragile IS can respond favourably to the shocks and stressors brought forth by periods of elevated uncertainty.Social implicationsAntifragile IS can drive socio-technical systems to respond favourably to uncertainty and stressors. Typically, these socio-technical systems are large, complex structures, with increased connectivity and the requirement to generate, process, analyse and use large datasets. When these systems fail, it affects individuals, organisations and communities.Originality/valueExisting IS design methodologies and frameworks largely ignore antifragility as a possible designable outcome. Extant research is limited to abstract architectural design, and approaches based on the proposition of principles. This research contributes to knowledge of antifragile IS design, by deriving a conceptual artifact or socio-technical system based on antecedent-outcome relationships that leverage uncertainty towards performance gains.

In the last decade, the need for smart-space design has been on the rise. Various data collected from Internet-of-Things (IoT) and sensors are used to optimize the operation of smart spaces, which, in urban areas, are evolving into smart cities. How can smart spaces provide value to citizens? There is a need to develop smart services that leverage emerging technologies while taking an inclusive and empowering approach to the inhabitants. To address this need, we present a framework for designing smart spaces and we use a bottom-up (inclusive) approach to instantiate a smart kiosk (SK). The SK prototype provides a practical approach for transforming a traditional building into a smart space utilizing IoT and artificial intelligence technologies. The design science research (DSR) methodology was followed for designing and evaluating the prototype. An iterative process that involves occupant feedback and brainstorming sessions coupled with a literature review was carried out to identify the issues and services related to a smart building. The SK prototype implements three intelligent services that were prioritized by the citizens of the building. The results show that the SK has a high usage and acceptance rate and it can transform a lobby into a highly engaged and smart building space. The prototyping process suggests important factors to ideate and assess smart services and shows that small-scale projects can be successful to enable smart buildings. The framework provides a theoretical contribution while the design and development process assists practitioners in identifying and developing intelligent services based on IoT technology.

Resumo As universidades desenvolvem permanentemente diversas ações de desenvolvimento que são disponibilizadas no formato de MOOC em várias plataformas. O objetivo deste estudo é propor um artefato com os cursos MOOCs disponibilizados bem como as plataformas utilizadas que são ofertadas. Esse estudo adota a metodologia Design Science Research, para desenvolver o artefato. Nesse sentido, foram pesquisados todos os cursos MOOCs oferecidos gratuitamente e com emissão de certificado pelas 68 universidades federais brasileiras. Os resultados desse estudo é um artefato em formato de um portal com web com todos os cursos MOOCS das IES. O artefato foi demonstrado e avaliado com docentes de IES e percebeu-se o impacto que ele proporciona na capacitação e como potencializador do conhecimento. Esse estudo sugere a criação de uma plataforma única disponibilizada pelas universidades públicas brasileiras como um ecossistema potencializador da gestão do conhecimento para acesso da sociedade em geral.

By using the Design Science Research Methodology a method-agnostic, card-based artefact, i.e. design probe for guiding the embeddedness of fairness in Algorithmic Decision-Making Systems (ADM’s) is created on literature groundings, envisioning a sociotechnical approach. The motive is originated in the practitioners’ call for guidance, in the shape of light-weight, integrable tools which address (un)fairness in ADM-design. This tool, so called responsible AI:CEID quartet, is demonstrated by using several cards, during a workshop within a single ADM-developers organization, while reflecting upon an artificial Hiring-case founded by Princeton. Elements of Value Sensitive Design, Critical System Heuristics, and the Organizational Justice Theory are incorporated in the card deck to ensure a sociotechnical, and by these means contextual approach in fairness.Evaluation on perceived usefulness reveals that although the extensive checklist it represents is warmly welcomed, there are several suggested add-ons, and improvement-points for a reiteration in design. Implementing organizational roles, nuancing the fairness-norms used, and including actionpoints in the form of scenario based hints, are examples of these. A follow-up study could implement these improvements, evolving and maturing the artefact, so the artefact may be of practical value in the future.

The design-science paradigm aims to push the limits of human and organisational capabilities by generating new and inventive artefacts. The design science research framework includes engineering that applies science through the design process to solve challenges. The design process looks for a solution to meet the environment's needs. On the other hand, a research study results from a collaboration between design and knowledge base to answer a research problem. The three principal cycles in design science research are the relevance cycle between the environment and the design phase, the design cycle within the design phase, and the rigour cycle between the design phase and the knowledge base. While it is most well-known in the engineering and computer science disciplines, it is also applied in biomedical engineering and bioinformatics. It is relevant in biomedical engineering because of the connection between research outputs and the issue of scientific rigour. Three cases are presented in this article to depict design science study in biomedical and bioinformatics research. For each case discussed, machine learning has a big chance accompanied by unique challenges. In conclusion, the design science paradigm can also be used in biomedical engineering research to ensure that knowledge is relevant and appropriately included in the research process.

International audience; Changing customer requirements and turbulent markets require suitably adapted capabilities to proactively cope with rapid changes. Agile manufacturing emerged in the late 1990s as a competitive concept to respond to these business challenges. While several seminal research works address agility in terms of concept definition, drivers and strategic capabilities, there is a lack of implementation frameworks of agile manufacturing. The current paper is concerned with the question of how to improve the agility of manufacturing companies. To address this question, a framework is iteratively developed with the aim of supporting decision makers in planning and implementing agility improvement projects. To this end, Design Science Research (DSR) methodology is used in conjunction with CIMO-logic (Context, Intervention, Mechanism, Outcome). The iterative development of the framework relies heavily on insights from case studies and from practitioners in the broad manufacturing sector. The paper provides evidence of the validity of the framework as well as outlining further research perspectives.

This component considers the perspectives of researchers, at different career stages, on open science.

This outlines the design of the study, and includes the HEC application, information sheet, and consent form

These are the slides for the presentation at the UC Meta Colloquium 2022 (https://www.canterbury.ac.nz/business/research/ucmeta/uc-meta-colloquium/)

Here we outline the problem and justify why the study is worth doing.

Sustaining behaviour change is fundamental for the effective uptake of policies and practices aimed at improving individual and collective health, yet it can be very difficult for individuals to adhere to new desired health-related behaviours. A prospective solution is to focus on instilling these behaviours as a habit. Once instilled as a habit, behaviours are performed automatically given specific cues, and they relieve the cognitive stress of having to make a volitional decision towards performing the behaviour - making it more resistant to relapse. Several information systems (IS) are being proposed to help individual users instil target behaviours as habits so that they can be performed even when intentions shift. However, these systems tend to be designed in an ad hoc manner and, as a result, their effectiveness can vary substantially. To better guide the design of information systems that can support users in forming health-related behaviours as a habit, we define a subclass of systems called Habit Formation Support Systems (HFSS) and adopt the design science research approach to develop two artifacts: (1) a design-relevant theory explaining and predicting how IS-supported habit formation can be achieved called the Theory for the Formation of IS-Supported Habits (T-FISSH); and (2) a suite of design principles to guide the design of systems that can effectively support users in forming a desired health-related behaviour as a habit. We contend that habit theory and IS continuance theory can be used to anchor the development of the two artifacts. The T-FISSH was refined and validated using exploratory and confirmatory focus groups with academics and health behaviour change practitioners respectively. The design principles were refined with systems design and development professionals and validated through a reusability check that involved a design activity and reusability questionnaire. The theoretical contribution of the thesis lies in moving the habit formation knowledge base into the design realm through the development of a design-relevant explanatory/predictive theory. From a practical perspective, this research presents a suite of theory-anchored design principles that are intended to guide the design and development of systems that can support users in forming desired health-related behaviours as a habit.

O objetivo deste artigo é propor um novo modelo de gestão focado especificamente em micro e pequenas marcenarias do setor moveleiro. Para cumprir este objetivo foi utilizado o método de pesquisa da Design Science Research (DSR) na elaboração de um artefato prático que consiga equalizar as dificuldades de subsistência encontradas no segmento e atender às necessidades específicas não contempladas por modelos de gestão genéricos. Além disso, o estudo criado foi amparado na pesquisa bibliográfica de dois marcos teóricos: “Modelos de Gestão” e “Setor moveleiro e suas características” e na análise comparativa de três modelos de gestão selecionados: “Seis Caixas”, “McKinsey 7s” e “Estrela de Galbraith”. O modelo desenvolvido foi chamado de Marcenaria 5A e é composto pela segmentação da empresa em 5 setores: Administrativo, Comercial, PCP, Produção e Execução. O artefato apresenta também os macros processos presentes em cada um dos setores bem como suas relações e fluxos de trabalho e informação.

PurposeThe global health crisis represents an unprecedented opportunity for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. This paper aims to integrate explainable AI into the decision-making process in emergency scenarios to help mitigate the high levels of complexity and uncertainty associated with these situations. An AI solution is designed to extract insights into opioid overdose (OD) that can help government agencies to improve their medical emergency response and reduce opioid-related deaths.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs the design science research paradigm as an overarching framework. Open-access digital data and AI, two essential components within the digital transformation domain, are used to accurately predict OD survival rates.FindingsThe proposed AI solution has two primary implications for the advancement of informed emergency management. Results show that it can help not only local agencies plan their resources for timely response to OD incidents, thus improving survival rates, but also governments to identify geographical areas with lower survival rates and their primary contributing factor; hence, they can plan and allocate long-term resources to increase survival rates and help in developing effective emergency-related policies.Originality/valueThis paper illustrates that digital transformation, particularly open-access digital data and AI, can improve the emergency management framework (EMF). It also demonstrates that the AI models developed in this study can identify opioid OD trends and determine the significant factors improving survival rates.

A business model provides a description or architecture of how a company creates, delivers, and captures value. Business model performance management refers to the continuous monitoring of performance indicators and changes in the environment to control business model performance and timely trigger business model (re-)design. The business processes of a company produce a wealth of data and information about a company's operational performance, which may be aggregated to a higher level, i.e., the tactical level of the business model. However, process data may not always be directly mappable to business models because a complex relationship exists between the two concepts. Existing studies provide little insight or guidance on how business model performance indicators can be defined and monitored. To address this knowledge gap, we will employ a design science research approach to develop a method for the definition and monitoring of business model performance indicators. This research aims to contribute to BPM research by exploring the relationship between business models and business processes.

The Cybersecurity Labs and Resource Knowledge-base cybersecurity curriculum resource library is a large-scale design science research project developed to address critical demands in teaching cybersecurity and help faculty prepare cybersecurity graduates for the workforce.

Hearing loss or deafness affects the daily lives of many people around the world. One of the issues that people who are deaf or hard of hearing face is the difficulty in understanding the audio content of the videos they are watching. This study proposes an Android app to assist individuals with hearing disabilities in Saudi Arabia by providing transcript displays for any video uploaded into the App. A three-cycle design science research (DSR) methodology was adopted for this study, and the app was developed according to the agile software methodology, Scrum. The “asmeany” app was evaluated within two stages, focusing on sociotechnical and technical performance perspectives to assess the app’s usability and utility. The usability of “asmeany” was evaluated by ten deaf people from Saudi Arabia using A-SUS, with /encouraging results. When the app’s utility was evaluated using unit testing, all the stories and scenarios passed; thus, the app is error free and performs as expected. As a result of this DSR project, three design principles are recommended for use in building any IT artifact for deaf people or those with hearing loss.