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A pandemia e a inevitável alteração de rotinas e estilos de vida, a par do surgimento de diferentes adversidades relacionadas à prática do isolamento social, uso de telas, falta de atividade física e luto, geraram entre outros problemas, maior ansiedade, estresse, depressão e aumento nas taxas de sedentarismo da população. Tendo em vista essa realidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo destacar e analisar os principais estressores que marcaram o período pandêmico e o seu impacto no desenvolvimento da população infantil. O estudo se trata de uma revisão narrativa constituída por artigos recolhidos das bases de dados da SciELO, Medline, JAMA e PubMed. Os resultados indicam um impacto psicológico negativo da pandemia em diferentes áreas do desenvolvimento das crianças. Importa continuar a explorar as implicações da pandemia na saúde mental desse público, para que se possam pensar em novas possíveis intervenções que abarquem as singularidades do período.&nbsp

Habitat loss, climate change, and other environmental degradations pose severe challenges to beekeepers. Therefore, this sector needs to rely on updated information so that the intervening actors can deal with the problems. In this context, and assuming that professional training can greatly help those acting in the beekeeping sector, this work intended to investigate the gaps in the updated knowledge of beekeepers and how these can be filled through lifelong learning. The research was conducted in seven European countries (Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Italy, Norway, Portugal, and Spain). The data were collected through a questionnaire survey translated into the native languages of all participating countries. The results revealed that the topics of highest interest are apiary health and pest control and the management of the colonies throughout the year. The beekeepers update their knowledge through family, complemented by professional training, with participants preferring in-person courses as well as, in the workplace or in internships. The learning methodologies they consider most useful are project-based learning and learning through gamification. The videos and paper books or manuals are particularly valued as learning materials, and practical exercises are considered the most helpful assessment format. Finally, considering the effect of sociodemographic variables on the learning experiences and preferences of beekeeping actors, it was observed that the country was the most influential of the variables under study. In conclusion, this work revealed valuable information that should be used to design professional training actions to help the professionals in the beekeeping sector enhance their competencies and be better prepared to manage their activities successfully.

O marketing digital tornou-se uma ferramenta poderosa que mudou o relacionamento do consumidor com o mercado, uma vez que se tornou um diferencial nas organizações por sua eficácia, diferente do marketing tradicional, que é limitado ao alcance do seu público e identificando quais motivos contribuem para que a compra seja efetivada; e analisar a relação dos fatores que influenciam o comportamento dos consumidores, Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, mediante o uso de levantamento bibliográfico, como artigos, dissertações, teses e materiais disponibilizados na internet, além de um questionário on-line, respondido por 26 empresas de um município de Votuporanga, localizado no noroeste paulista.

Humans have negatively impacted most ecosystems on Earth, altering how species use habitats and resources available to them, but also their circadian rhythms. Among many factors affecting animal activity patterns, conversion of native habitat into production forests and hunting are critical, and their impacts may be exacerbated by seasonal weather conditions. Both these factors are issues in Mediterranean Europe, especially in Portugal. Nevertheless, their impact on native species behavior remains largely unknown, even for generalist species often resilient to human disturbance such as wild boar (Sus scrofa). Therefore, we assessed temporal activity patterns of wild boar in Portugal to explore differences between habitats (native forest versus Eucalyptus plantations), hunting and non-hunting periods, or between seasons. We found that wild boars were primarily nocturnal, with greater nighttime activity more evident during the dry season and within plantations. Furthermore, they appeared to avoid dusk during the hunting season. Together, these patterns indicate that even a species typically resilient to disturbance and environmental change, such as wild boar, tends to avoid adverse weather conditions and disturbance factors, namely high daytime temperatures in summer and probability of encountering forestry workers or hunters. Accordingly, other more sensitive or resource-demanding mammals may also be affected, so evaluating the impacts of the studied anthropic drivers on other mammals should be prioritized to provide information for sustainable plantation management and hunting.

The phylum Microsporidia encompasses a diverse group of obligate, intracellular, and spore-forming organisms able to infect a wide range of animal hosts. Among them, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently reported species in humans and animals. Little is known about the presence and epidemiology of E. bieneusi in wildlife. We investigated E. bieneusi occurrence and genetic diversity in wild and domestic mammals, through molecular-detection methods, from different regions across Portugal. A total of 756 samples were collected from 288, 242, and 226 wild carnivores, wild ungulates, and domestic animals, respectively. Overall, eight specimens were E. bieneusi-positive (1.1%, 8/756) obtained from five wild (Iberian lynx, Iberian wolf, red fox, stone marten, and wild boar) and one domestic (sheep) host. Nucleotide sequence analysis identified four genotypes of E. bieneusi, Type IV, Wildboar3, BEB6, and PtEbIX. Three of those genotypes belong to Groups 1 (Type IV and Wildboar3) and 2 (BEB6), which are known to contain genotypes capable of infecting a variety of hosts, including humans, highlighting their public health importance. PtEbIX belongs to the dog-specific Group 11. This study represents the first, largest, and most comprehensive molecular-based epidemiology survey carried out in Portugal in wild and domestic animals to date and the first worldwide identification of E. bieneusi in wolf species. Our study showed that wild carnivores and ungulates may act as reservoirs of zoonotic genotypes of E. bieneusi, establishing their role in maintaining the sylvatic cycle of this parasite while representing a potential source of infection for humans and domestic animals.

Eucalyptus plantations, the second most economically important exotic tree in Europe, cover circa 1,5 million hectares on this continent. However, little is known about their effect on the ecological patterns of widely distributed and increasing populations of wild ungulates. This lack of knowledge jeopardizes our ability to correctly manage these populations in increasingly ubiquitous exotic forests. We aimed to understand how exotic forestry plantations influence ungulates spatial and temporal dimensions of their niche and determine how the species interactions may be changed by these artificial systems. We used roe deer and red deer as wildlife models, the Portuguese Eucalyptus plantation as standards for forestry plantations, and camera-trapping, occupancy modeling, and kernel density estimators as tools to fulfill our goals. Eucalyptus plantations had a strong effect on roe deer and red deer spatial behavior when compared to areas dominated by native vegetation. Both species seem to avoid disturbed areas such as agricultural land and Eucalyptus plantations. Even when using plantations, they shift their activity to reduce human encounters. Furthermore, plantations are not a homogeneous landcover, and thus distinct production phases of Eucalyptus plantations affect species interactions and activity patterns differently. Our results show that the pre-harvesting phases seem to be the more critical period for deer. Thus, production forest managers must guarantee that plantation structure encompasses areas with different tree ages to minimize this effect and fulfill deer’s food and cover requirements. Forestry activities should avoid dawn and dusk, to minimize disturbance and to reduce the negative interaction between sympatric guild members, by allowing species to be sparsely distributed (and not clustered in the few undisturbed patches). Plantations should include dispersed native patches to which animals may move in search of food and refuge, therefore creating discontinuities within plantations.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate microvascular abnormalities of patients with Alport syndrome (AS) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) quantitative biomarkers. Methods: This was cross sectional, prospective evaluation of consecutive patients with AS and healthy subjects. AS diagnosis was performed by the genetic test. All participants underwent a retinal vasculature evaluation by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT-A of the macula. Quantitative analysis included whole vascular density, foveal avascular zone area, fractal dimension (FD), and lacunarity (LAC). Results: Ninety-four eyes were included in this study, 45 eyes from patients with AS and 49 eyes from healthy subjects. The pathogenic mutation in the COL4A5 gene on the chromosome X was found in 14 patients; the pathogenic autosomal recessive mutations in the COL4A3 gene were found in 9 patients. Quantitative evaluation demonstrated a significant difference between AS and healthy subjects on LAC of the superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus (DCP) (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) and on FD in the DCP (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The DCP Alport patients have a higher vessel nonuniformity than DCP of healthy subjects. We hypothesize that endothelial cell lesion in the setting of low resistance at the DCP circuit could lead to long-term structural disorganization.

UIDB/00417/2020 UIDP/00417/2020 O presente artigo constituiu uma proposta de leitura dos dois monumentos dedicados ao Dr. Sousa Martins, no Campo Mártires da Pátria em Lisboa, tendo o primeiro, da autoria do escultor Queirós Ribeiro, inaugurado em 1900, sido demolido para dar lugar ao que ainda hoje subsiste nesta praça, inaugurado em 1904, realizado por Costa Motta (Tio). Numa primeira fase pretende-se uma reflexão acerca das diferentes tipologias de monumento empregues em cada um dos casos, analisando a forma como as opções escultóricas adoptadas procuraram materializar e exaltar as virtudes de Sousa Martins, elevando-o à condição de herói contemporâneo. Posteriormente, reflectir-se-á sobre o papel da escultura pública na definição de significados e vivências do espaço público, mostrando como neste caso, por via da presença de uma obra escultórica, um mesmo espaço passa a ser associado, simultaneamente, a valores científicos (proximidade com a Escola Médica e exercício da Medicina por Sousa Martins), mas também a valores devocionais e espirituais (vertente caritativa e "milagrosa" pela qual ficou conhecido). Por último, problematizar-se-ão possíveis pontos de contacto entre o monumento sito em Lisboa e os que foram posteriormente dedicados ao médico na Guarda (1907) e em Alhandra (1908), ao nível formal e tipológico, enquadramento no espaço urbano e recepção por parte do público. This article aims a new reading on the two monuments erected in tribute to Doctor Sousa Martins, located at Campo Mártires da Pátria square, in Lisbon. The first monument, created by the sculptor Queirós Ribeiro in 1900, was shortly after replaced by a new one executed by the sculptor Costa Motta (Tio) in 1904, which still stands today in this square. Firstly, we will reflect on the different monument typologies employed in each case and how these distinct sculptural options tried to materialize and exalt the virtues of Sousa Martins, thus elevated to the category of a contemporary hero. Later we will discuss the role of public sculpture in the definition of meanings and perceptions of the public space, showing how through the presence of a sculpture a place can simultaneously be associated with scientific values (proximity to the Lisbon Medical School and the medical work of Sousa Martins), but also with devotional and spiritual ones (the charitable and “miraculous” image by which he became widely known). Lastly we will provide a reflexion on possible bridges between the Lisbon monument and the ones later erected in the city of Guarda (1907) and in the village of Alhandra (1908), regarding formal aspects and sculptural typologies, interaction with the urban space and their public reception. publishersversion published

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is composed of several enzymes and substrates on which angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 1 and renin act to produce angiotensin II. ACE1 and its substrates control blood pressure, affect cardiovascular and renal function, hematopoiesis, reproduction, and immunity. The increased expression of ACE1 has been observed in human monocytes during congestive heart failure and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Moreover, T lymphocytes from hypertensive patients presented increased expression of ACE1 gene after in vitro stimulation with Angiotensin-II (AngII) with the highest ACE1 expression observed in hypertensive patients with low-grade inflammation. Our group and others have shown that aging is associated with comorbidities, chronic inflammation and immunosenescence, but there is a lack of data about ACE1 expression on immune cells during the aging process. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the levels of ACE1 expression in non-lymphoid as compared to lymphoid cells in association with the immunosenescence profile in adults older than 60 years. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from blood samples were used. Cells were stained with monoclonal antibodies and evaluated by flow cytometry. We found that ACE1 was expressed in 56.9% of non-lymphocytes and in more than 90% of lymphocytes (all phenotypes). All donors exhibited characteristics of immunosenescence, as evaluated by low frequencies of Naive CD4+and CD8+T cells, high frequencies of EMRA CD8+T cells, and double-negative memory B cells. These findings in addition to the increased C-reactive protein levels are intriguing questions for the study of ACE1, inflammaging, immunosenescence and perspectives for drug development or repurposing.

Uruguay River is the most important river in western Rio Grande do Sul, separating Brazil from Argentina and Uruguay. However, its pollution is of great concern due to agricultural activities in the region and the extensive use of pesticides. In a long term, this practice leads to environmental pollution, especially to the aquatic system. The objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical characteristics, metals and pesticides levels in water samples obtained before and after the planting and pesticides' application season from three sites: Uruguay River and two minor affluents, Mezomo Dam and Salso Stream. For biomonitoring, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was used, which were exposed for 24 h. We did not find any significant alteration in physicochemical parameters. In the pre- and post-pesticides' samples we observed a residual presence of three pesticides (tebuconazole, imazethapyr, and clomazone) and metals which levels were above the recommended (As, Hg, Fe, and Mn). Exposure to both pre- and post-pesticides' samples impaired C. elegans reproduction and post-pesticides samples reduced worms' survival rate and lifespan. PCA analysis indicated that the presence of metals and pesticides are important variables that impacted C. elegans biological endpoints. Our data demonstrates that Uruguay River and two affluents are contaminated independent whether before or after pesticides' application season. In addition, it reinforces the usefulness of biological indicators, since simple physicochemical analyses are not sufficient to attest water quality and ecological safety.

Com a pandemia do novo coronavírus, surge a necessidade de disseminar informações confiáveis sobre a COVID-19 e suas implicações aos profissionais da saúde. Nessa perspectiva, os docentes e acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul elaboraram vídeos informativos sobre a COVID-19 para profissionais que atuam no enfrentamento da pandemia na Atenção Primária dos municípios pertencentes a 6ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Os vídeos foram baseados em materiais disponibilizados pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e Ministério da Saúde. Percebeu-se que levar essas informações foi de extrema importância, pois facilitou o acesso rápido e confiável, contribuindo para a boa prática de saúde mental e atualizações a respeito do Protocolo de Manejo Clínico do Coronavírus na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O sucesso do enfrentamento à COVID-19, o futuro do Sistema Único de Saúde e a saúde dos brasileiros também dependem dessas ações.

Com a pandemia do novo coronavírus, surge a necessidade de disseminar informações confiáveis sobre a COVID-19 e suas implicações aos profissionais da saúde. Nessa perspectiva, os docentes e acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul elaboraram vídeos informativos sobre a COVID-19 para profissionais que atuam no enfrentamento da pandemia na Atenção Primária dos municípios pertencentes a 6ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Os vídeos foram baseados em materiais disponibilizados pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e Ministério da Saúde. Percebeu-se que levar essas informações foi de extrema importância, pois facilitou o acesso rápido e confiável, contribuindo para a boa prática de saúde mental e atualizações a respeito do Protocolo de Manejo Clínico do Coronavírus na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O sucesso do enfrentamento à COVID-19, o futuro do Sistema Único de Saúde e a saúde dos brasileiros também dependem dessas ações.

Aim The world's forested area has been declining, especially in developing countries. In contrast, forest plantations are increasing, particularly exotic Eucalyptus plantations, which cover nowadays over 20 million ha worldwide. This global landscape change affects native communities, especially those at higher trophic levels that are affected by bottom–up cascading effects, such as carnivores. We seek to identify the general life‐history traits of mammalian carnivore species that use exotic Eucalyptus plantations. Location We reviewed 55 studies reporting carnivore presence in Eucalyptus plantations worldwide. Methods We consider seven species life‐history traits (generation length, social behaviour, body mass, energetic trophic level, diet diversity, habitat generalist/specialist and locomotion mode) as candidate drivers. We used generalized linear mixed models, with life‐history traits as fixed factors, and study as well as carnivore species as random factors. We obtained the carnivore occurrence data from the literature (detection of 42 different species, from seven families). We considered non‐detected species those with an IUCN Red List of Threatened Species estimated distribution range overlapping with the study areas, but not recorded by the studies. Results While we found no evidence of an effect of any of the other life‐history traits tested, our modelling procedure indicated that habitat generalist species are more likely to use Eucalyptus forests than specialist species. Main conclusions Our results, therefore, confirm an impoverishment of predator communities in disturbed environments, with the exclusion of the most specialist predators, leading to fragmentation of their populations and, ultimately contributing to their local extinction. The local extinction of specialist carnivores may lead to “functional homogenization” of communities within plantations, modifying ecosystem functioning with a negative impact on plantations’ productivity, profitability and services.

Forestry plantations have increased considerably over recent decades to fulfil human demand for wood, pulp and paper. Eucalyptus globulus Labill is one of the most abundant plantation species, particularly in Europe, where its largest presence is in Portugal. Furthermore, plantations in Mediterranean areas, such as Portugal, frequently suffer from forest fires, and thus it is crucial to understand their impacts on vertebrates. This is especially relevant for some species, like small mammals, that use landscapes at smaller scales for which even small changes in forest cover may have a profound effect. In this study, we evaluate the effects of several environmental, disturbance and habitat drivers on the relative abundance of rodents (Muridae) in Eucalyptus plantations in central Portugal. Specimen capture took place across two seasons and at eight study sites representing six different stages of Eucalyptus plantations and two native forests from 2019 to 2020. Using a structural equation modelling approach, we show that the relative abundance of rodents was promoted by recent wildfire events and was higher in areas where carnivores and wild boar were more abundant. By contrast, abundant deer and increased percentages of herbaceous or litter cover and bare soil limited the abundance of rodents. We did not detect a significant relationship between Eucalyptus plantations and the relative abundance of rodents. The presence of other species, either by direct contact (carnivores) or by inducing habitat changes (ungulates), and vegetation structure, likely linked to plantation management or fire regime, are the more important factors dictating the population dynamics of rodents across plantation forests in central Portugal.

Nanotechnology-based strategies have played a pivotal role in innovative products in different technological fields, including medicine, agriculture, and engineering. The redesign of the nanometric scale has improved drug targeting and delivery, diagnosis, water treatment, and analytical methods. Although efficiency brings benefits, toxicity in organisms and the environment is a concern, particularly in light of global climate change and plastic disposal in the environment. Therefore, to measure such effects, alternative models enable the assessment of impacts on both functional properties and toxicity. Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode model that poses valuable advantages such as transparency, sensibility in responding to exogenous compounds, fast response to perturbations besides the possibility to replicate human disease through transgenics. Herein, we discuss the applications of C. elegans to nanomaterial safety and efficacy evaluations from one health perspective. We also highlight the directions for developing appropriate techniques to safely adopt magnetic and organic nanoparticles, and carbon nanosystems. A description was given of the specifics of targeting and treatment, especially for health purposes. Finally, we discuss C. elegans potential for studying the impacts caused by nanopesticides and nanoplastics as emerging contaminants, pointing out gaps in environmental studies related to toxicity, analytical methods, and future directions.

Objetivo: Conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros sobre as características de uma Unidade de Saúde Familiar Amiga das PessoasIdosas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de carácter qualitativo desenvolvido em 2019 numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar em Lisboa,Portugal. Participaram cinco enfermeiros dessa mesma instituição que pertencem ao quadro de pessoal. O instrumento de colheitade dados foi: entrevistas semiestruturadas posteriormente analisadas tendo em conta a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Osenfermeiros enfatizaram a informação, formação, educação para saúde, intervenções em parceria, comunicação, sistema degestão de cuidados, ambiente físico e a intervenção nas principais síndromes geriátricas suportados num modelo de cuidados emparceria que promova a autonomia das pessoas idosas e cuidadores familiares. Conclusão: Os Centros de Saúde têm que sepreocupar em promover sistemas e ambientes inovadores de cuidados de segurança que otimizem a participação das pessoasidosas e cuidadores famílias nos seus cuidados de saúde, particularmente no que diz respeito à promoção do Cuidado-de-SI. Objetivo: Conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros sobre as características de uma Unidade de Saúde Familiar Amiga das PessoasIdosas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de carácter qualitativo desenvolvido em 2019 numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar em Lisboa,Portugal. Participaram cinco enfermeiros dessa mesma instituição que pertencem ao quadro de pessoal. O instrumento de colheitade dados foi: entrevistas semiestruturadas posteriormente analisadas tendo em conta a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Osenfermeiros enfatizaram a informação, formação, educação para saúde, intervenções em parceria, comunicação, sistema degestão de cuidados, ambiente físico e a intervenção nas principais síndromes geriátricas suportados num modelo de cuidados emparceria que promova a autonomia das pessoas idosas e cuidadores familiares. Conclusão: Os Centros de Saúde têm que sepreocupar em promover sistemas e ambientes inovadores de cuidados de segurança que otimizem a participação das pessoasidosas e cuidadores famílias nos seus cuidados de saúde, particularmente no que diz respeito à promoção do Cuidado-de-SI. Objetivo: Conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros sobre as características de uma Unidade de Saúde Familiar Amiga das Pessoas Idosas. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de carácter qualitativo desenvolvido em 2019 numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar em Lisboa, Portugal. Participaram cinco enfermeiros dessa mesma instituição que pertencem ao quadro de pessoal. O instrumento de colheita de dados foi: entrevistas semiestruturadas posteriormente analisadas tendo em conta a análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os enfermeiros enfatizaram a informação, formação, educação para saúde, intervenções em parceria, comunicação, sistema de gestão de cuidados, ambiente físico e a intervenção nas principais síndromes geriátricas suportados num modelo de cuidados em parceria que promova a autonomia das pessoas idosas e cuidadores familiares. Conclusão: Os Centros de Saúde têm que se preocupar em promover sistemas e ambientes inovadores de cuidados de segurança que otimizem a participação das pessoas idosas e cuidadores famílias nos seus cuidados de saúde, particularmente no que diz respeito à promoção do Cuidado-de-Si.

The renin angiotensin system is composed of several enzymes and substrates on which angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 1 and renin act to produce angiotensin II. ACE1 and its substrates control blood pressure, affect cardiovascular and renal function, hematopoiesis, reproduction, and immunity. The increased expression of ACE1 has been observed in human monocytes during congestive heart failure and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Moreover, T lymphocytes from individuals with hypertension presented increased expression of ACE1 after in vitro stimulation with angiotensin II (ATII) with the highest ACE1 expression observed in individuals with hypertension with low-grade inflammation. Our group and others have shown that aging is associated with comorbidities, chronic inflammation, and immunosenescence, but there is a lack of data about ACE1 expression on immune cells during the aging process. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the levels of ACE1 expression in nonlymphoid cells compared to lymphoid that in cells in association with the immunosenescence profile in adults older than 60 years. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from blood samples were used. Cells were stained with monoclonal antibodies and evaluated via flow cytometry. We found that ACE1 was expressed in 56.9% of nonlymphocytes and in more than 90% of lymphocytes (all phenotypes). All donors exhibited characteristics of immunosenescence, as evaluated by low frequencies of naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, high frequencies of effector memory re-expressing CD45RA CD8+ T cells, and double-negative memory B cells. These findings, in addition to the increased C-reactive protein levels, are intriguing questions for the study of ACE1, inflammaging, immunosenescence, and perspectives for drug development or repurposing (Reviewed by the Plan P #PeerRef Community).

Submitted by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2022-02-02T16:05:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Sara Oliveira_V1.pdf: 6792213 bytes, checksum: f6daf7d71829573758d729eb160beb6c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-02-02T16:05:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Sara Oliveira_V1.pdf: 6792213 bytes, checksum: f6daf7d71829573758d729eb160beb6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-11-26

The intravascular or transcutaneous application of photobiomodulation (PBM) over blood vessels (vascular photobiomodulation, VPBM) has been used for the treatment of inflammatory and chronic conditions with promising systemic results. This study evaluated the VPBM effects on a model of muscle regeneration after acute injury and compared the outcomes of preventive and therapeutic VPBM. Transcutaneous VPBM was administered over the rat's main tail vein. Serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate were evaluated and muscles were processed for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Preventive and therapeutic VPBM led to decreased inflammatory infiltrate, edema, and myonecrosis but with an increase in immature muscle fibers. CK, AST, and lactate levels were lower in the groups treated with VPBM (lowest concentrations in preventive VPBM application). Preventive and therapeutic VPBM were capable of exerting a positive effect on acute muscle injury repair, with more accentuated results when preventive VPBM was administered.

Submitted by Iolanda Valente (ivalente@iscap.ipp.pt) on 2022-01-24T09:06:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luana_Marques_MEIN_2021.pdf: 865919 bytes, checksum: 022640f3f76a3ea11382bd02f085388d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-24T09:06:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luana_Marques_MEIN_2021.pdf: 865919 bytes, checksum: 022640f3f76a3ea11382bd02f085388d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-11-23

The replacement of natural areas with forestry plantations is a worldwide expanding process with direct consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functionality. In the Mediterranean region, Eucalyptus spp. plantations are widespread, forming monospecific landscapes that in Portugal dominate most of its forested areas. The reduction in the availability of native habitats induces important challenges to native wildlife, namely changes in habitat use patterns and behavior. In this study, we evaluated the influence of Eucalyptus globulus exotic plantations on the occupancy patterns of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.), a mesocarnivore widely distributed in the Palearctic, and we examined potential drivers shaping those patterns. We conducted camera trapping surveys in Central Portugal (Southwestern Europe), in eight 16 km2 grids, and analyzed the resulting occurrence data accounting for imperfect detection. Our analysis revealed a preference of the red fox for native vegetation over non-native plantations and avoidance of areas with higher human disturbance. Our data suggest that the current structure of exotic plantations can have a negative impact on species occurrence, even for generalist and resilient species such as the red fox. By gaining insight into landscape structures that promotes fox occupancy, our research can contribute to the development and implementation of more integrative management measures aiming to promote the presence and conservation of mesocarnivores in Eucalyptus dominated landscapes while ensuring sustainable exploitation of these plantations.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Tradução apresentado à Faculdade de Letras Os desenvolvimentos tecnológicos a que foi possível assistir no último século afiguram-se, incontestavelmente, bastante úteis, e justificam o aumento do volume de encomendas de tradução de documentação técnica. De forma a conseguir responder às novas exigências do mercado, o tradutor necessita de se adaptar e expandir as suas competências.O presente relatório pretende descrever os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do estágio curricular realizado na empresa Smartidiom, no âmbito do Mestrado em Tradução, bem como analisar alguns problemas e desafios que foram surgindo na prática de traduções no mundo profissional. A realização de traduções técnicas, sobretudo da área da Tecnologia, estimulou uma consciencialização sobre as caraterísticas inerentes a esta mesma área, nomeadamente, o tipo de linguagem utilizado e a terminologia específica, e que constituirá o tema principal deste relatório.Além de ser discutido o conceito de texto e tradução técnicos, teve também lugar uma reflexão geral sobre as teorias da Tradução (e mais especificamente o Funcionalismo e a teoria do Skopos). São posteriormente analisados diversos exemplos retirados dos trabalhos realizados em contexto de estágio, divididos por várias subtemáticas contempladas na área técnica já mencionada, e apresentamos possíveis estratégias de tradução, preservando, ainda assim, a noção de que não existem métodos de resolução exatos ou universais.Debate-se igualmente os requisitos necessários para um trabalho tradutivo considerado de qualidade e para que o profissional de tradução seja capaz de dar resposta à rápida evolução do mundo, realçando-se a importância da formação do tradutor técnico, a cooperação entre os tradutores e a disponibilidade e espírito aberto para uma aprendizagem contínua ao longo do exercício da profissão. The technological developments witnessed in the last century are undeniably very useful and justify the increase in the volume of orders for the translation of technical documentation. In order to meet the new demands of the market, the translator needs to adapt and expand his/her skills.This report aims to describe the knowledge acquired during the curricular internship carried out at the Smartidiom Translation Company, under the Master’s Degree in Translation Studies, as well as to analyse some problems that have arisen in the practice of translations in the professional world. Carrying out technical translations, especially in the area of Technology, fostered an awareness of the characteristics inherent to this area, namely, the type of language used and the specific terminology, which will be the main theme of this work.Besides discussing the concept of technical text and translation, a general reflection on the theories of Translation (and more specifically, Functionalism and Skopos theory) also took place. We then analyse several examples from the work accomplished in the internship context, divided into various sub-themes covered in the technical area already mentioned, and present possible translation strategies, while still preserving the notion that there are no exact methods of resolution.It also discusses the requirements needed for translation work to be considered of high quality and for the translator to be able to respond to the rapidly changing world, highlighting the importance of specialisation for technical translators, cooperation between translators and the availability and openness to continuous learning throughout the exercise of the profession.

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n=12,159], Monachus monachus [n=1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications.

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o ní­vel de concentração de emprego das principais atividades pecuárias (bovinocultura de corte, avicultura e suinocultura) do Mato Grosso do Sul, levando em consideração aspectos relevantes do desenvolvimento regional dessas atividades. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método quantitativo na mensuração dos indicadores de especialização, que compõem o Índice de Concentração Normalizado (ICN). Para fundamentar essas estimativas, as discussões voltadas à economia regional e aos indicadores de desenvolvimento subsidiaram a análise teórica e histórica dos í­ndices utilizados. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados, houve destaque aos municí­pios que apresentaram o maior ICN para empregos formais: Santa Rita do Pardo, Bataguassu, Sidrolândia, Itaquiraí­, São Gabriel do Oeste, Jateí­ e Dourados. Vale ressaltar ainda que, diante dessas concentrações, buscou-se compreender a interação entre as atividades, desde o fornecimento de insumos até o escoamento da produção, bem como as distribuições geográficas e suas contribuições para o desenvolvimento local dos municí­pios.

Submitted by Neusa Fagundes (neusa.fagundes@unioeste.br) on 2021-05-12T19:30:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniela_Guerreiro2021.pdf: 2105643 bytes, checksum: 73b5eaa244eb38aa2438b5566a69b7d7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-12T19:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Daniela_Guerreiro2021.pdf: 2105643 bytes, checksum: 73b5eaa244eb38aa2438b5566a69b7d7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-03-11 Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the main leafy and most cultivated vegetable in the world, being of the curly type with light green leaves and the smooth one with bright green leaves. This work aimed to evaluate the growth behavior of lettuce, grown in hydroponics submitted to complementary red lighting during the day, installed inside the shade cover under poorly controlled climatic conditions, testing two treatments (red light in the 660 nm range) and natural light) in 3 repetitions and two varieties (Vera and Regiane), kept accessible during daytime from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm, at 0.40 m height of the seedlings, where, it was supported by solar energy (photovoltaic). The seedlings were previously cultivated by a nursery in the region, until they reached the age of 15 days after germination, from the 16th day onwards, the seedlings were transferred to the vertical Hydroponics system in NFT system (Nutrient Film Technique), which was also maintained by solar energy. Thus, the plants with natural lighting and complementary red lighting were analyzed until completing 32 days in the NFT system, where the plants were evaluated in: number of leaves (NF), height of the final plant (APF), root length (CR), stem length (CC), stem diameter (DC), green plant mass (MVP), green root mass (MVR), green stem mass (MVC), dry plant mass (MSP), dry mass of the root (MSR), dry mass of the stem (MSC). It was found that for almost all the characteristics analyzed, there was a greater growth in the treatment with red LED lighting, in particular the (NF) in the curly lettuce with 68.87% and in the plain lettuce the (DC) with 75.24 %. The only characteristic that had a better result in the cultivation of lettuce with natural light was in the culture of smooth lettuce in (CC). The treatment with red LED light obtained a higher production efficiency in the cultivation of hydroponic lettuce in relation to the treatment with natural light. A alface (Lactuca sativa L.) é a principal hortaliça folhosa e mais cultivada em todo o mundo, sendo do tipo crespa com folhas de coloração verde clara e a lisa com folhas de coloração verde brilhante. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento do crescimento da alface, cultivada na hidroponia submetida à iluminação vermelha complementar durante o dia, instalada dentro da cobertura de sombrite sob condições climáticas pouco controladas, testando-se dois tratamentos (luz vermelha na faixa de 660 nm e luz natural) em 3 repetições e duas variedades (Vera e Regiane), mantidas acessas durante período diurno das 8:00 às 18:00 horas, a 0,40 m de altura das mudas, sendo sustentadas pela energia solar (fotovoltaico). As mudas foram previamente cultivadas por viveiro da região, até atingirem a idade de 15 dias após a germinação, a partir do 16º dia, as mudas foram transferidas para o sistema de Hidroponia vertical em sistema NFT (Nutrient Film Technique), que também ficou mantido por energia solar. Dessa forma, analisada as plantas com iluminação natural e com iluminação vermelha complementar até completar 32 dias no sistema NFT, quando as plantas passaram por avaliação em: número de folhas (NF), altura da planta final (APF), comprimento da raiz (CR), comprimento do caule (CC), diâmetro do caule (DC), massa verde da planta (MVP), massa verde da raiz (MVR), massa verde do caule (MVC), massa seca da planta (MSP), massa seca da raiz (MSR), massa seca do caule (MSC). Verificou-se que para quase todas as características analisadas ocorreu um maior crescimento no tratamento com iluminação vermelha de LED, em destaque o (NF) na alface crespa com 68,87% e na alface lisa o (DC) com 75,24%. A única característica que teve um melhor resultado no cultivo de alface com luz natural foi na cultura de alface lisa no (CC). O tratamento com a luz vermelha em LED obteve uma eficiência superior de produção no cultivo da alface hidropônica em relação ao tratamento com luz natural.

Despite early reperfusion, patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may present large myocardial necrosis and significant impairment of ventricular function. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of subtypes of B lymphocytes and related cytokines in the infarcted mass and left ventricular ejection fraction obtained by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging performed after 30 days of STEMI. This prospective study included 120 subjects with STEMI submitted to pharmacoinvasive strategy. Blood samples were collected in subjects in the first (D1) and 30th (D30) days post STEMI. The amount of CD11b+ B1 lymphocytes (cells/ml) at D1 were related to the infarcted mass (rho = 0.43; P=0.033), measured by cardiac MRI at D30. These B1 cells were associated with CD4+ T lymphocytes at D1 and D30, while B2 classic lymphocytes at day 30 were related to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Higher titers of circulating IL-4 and IL-10 were observed at D30 versus D1 (P=0.013 and P

Submitted by Biblioteca Escola Superior de Saúde (biblioteca@ess.ipp.pt) on 2021-03-15T17:03:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_Iolanda Vaz.pdf: 4865733 bytes, checksum: dfa6a2c387f2a9550f4716d63607c636 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-15T17:03:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DM_Iolanda Vaz.pdf: 4865733 bytes, checksum: dfa6a2c387f2a9550f4716d63607c636 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-01-28

Congenital toxoplasmosis has a high impact on human disease worldwide, inducing serious consequences from fetus to adulthood. Despite this, there are currently no human vaccines available to prevent this infection. Most vaccination studies against Toxoplasma gondii infection used animal models in which the infection was established by exogenous inoculation. Here, we review recent research on potential T. gondii vaccines using animal models in which infection was congenitally established. Endeavors in this field have so far revealed that live or subunit vaccines previously found to confer protection against extrinsically established infections can also protect, at least partially, from vertically transmitted infection. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on the more adequate immune response to protect the host and the fetus in congenital infection. Most of the vaccination studies rely on the assessment of maternal systemic immune responses, quantification of parasitic loads in the fetuses, and survival indexes and/or brain parasitic burden in the neonates. More research must be carried out not only to explore new vaccines but also to further study the nature of the elicited immune protection at the maternal-fetal interface. Particularly, the cellular and molecular effector mechanisms at the maternal-fetal interface induced by immunization remain poorly characterized. Deeper knowledge on the immune response at this specific location will certainly help to refine the vaccine-induced immunity and, consequently, to provide the most effective and safest protection against T. gondii vertical infection. This work was supported by the Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit-UCIBIO, which is financed by national funds from FCT (UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020). AC was supported by FCT Individual CEEC 2017 Assistant Researcher Grant 352 CEECIND/01514/2017.

A mudança demográfica que se reflete no envelhecimento que ocorre em todo o mundo e em Portugal leva-nos a enfrentar um desafio no atendimento às pessoas idosas, nomeadamente no que respeita à síndrome de fragilidade. Este relatório contempla o percurso de estágio que decorreu num serviço de medicina e numa USF Y de Lisboa, para o desenvolvimento de um projeto que visou o desenvolvimento de competências como enfermeira especialista e mestre em enfermagem Médico Cirúrgica, vertente pessoa idosa, nomeadamente no desenho de um plano de intervenções para prevenir a fragilidade da pessoa idosa no contexto na comunidade. O quadro conceptual em que se ancorou o projeto foi o modelo de Parceria para promoção do Cuidado de SI (Gomes, 2016). A metodologia utilizada no desenvolvimento do mesmo foi a de projeto. Como resultados das diversas atividades realizadas salientam-se a realização de estudos de caso que permitiram a operacionalização do modelo de Parceria, a avaliação multidimensional da pessoa idosa e aquisição de conhecimentos sobre a fragilidade. Realça-se, também, a realização de uma revisão scoping, para identificar as intervenções de enfermagem para intervir na fragilidade, a colaboração na realização de um estudo qualitativo/quantitativo para diagnosticar as características ambientais e as atividades já realizadas pelos enfermeiros para a USF ser considerada amiga das pessoas idosas. Os resultados dos mesmos deram contributos para o desenvolvimento de um manual de boas práticas, tendo por base a melhor evidência científica para promover o bem-estar e segurança da pessoa idosa frágil. Este projeto de estágio contribui assim, para o enriquecimento das minhas aprendizagens e para o desenvolvimento das equipas de enfermagem, na área da prestação de cuidados em Parceria com a pessoa idosa frágil e/ou cuidador familiar, nomeadamente na adoção de medidas de prevenção da fragilidade. A elevada prevalência da fragilidade nas pessoas idosas evidenciada nos estudos, torna premente a necessidade de mais estudos nesta área e a elaboração de plano de intervenção direcionados para os diversos contextos de vida das pessoas idosas, visando prevenir a fragilidade.

Resumo Fundamento Pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio podem apresentar uma grande área infartada e disfunção ventricular mesmo com trombólise e revascularização precoces. Objetivo Investigar o comportamento das citocinas circulantes em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST) e a relação delas com a função ventricular. Métodos No estudo BATTLE-AMI (Avaliação dos Linfócitos Tipos B e T no Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio), os pacientes com IAMCSST foram tratados com uma estratégia farmacoinvasiva. Os níveis de citocinas (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 e IL-18) no plasma foram testados através de ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática (ELISA) no início do estudo e após 30 dias. A massa infartada e a fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda (FEVE) foram examinadas por ressonância magnética cardíaca 3-T. Valores de p menores que 0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados Na comparação com o início do estudo, níveis mais baixos foram detectados para IL-1β (p = 0,028) e IL-18 (p < 0,0001) após 30 dias do IAMCSST, enquanto níveis mais altos foram observados para IL-4 (p = 0,001) e IL-10 (p < 0,0001) no mesmo momento. Em contrapartida, nenhuma mudança foi detectada nos níveis de IL-6 (p = 0,63). Os níveis da proteína C-reativa de alta sensibilidade e de IL-6 se correlacionaram no início do estudo (rho = 0,45, p < 0,0001) e 30 dias após o IAMCSST (rho = 0,29, p = 0,009). No início do estudo, a correlação entre os níveis de IL-6 e FEVE também foi observada (rho = -0,50, p = 0,004). Conclusões Durante o primeiro mês pós-infarto agudo do miocárdio, observamos uma melhora significativa no balanço das citocinas pró e anti-inflamatórias, exceto da IL-6. Esses achados sugerem risco inflamatório residual. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0) Abstract Background Patients with acute myocardial infarction may have a large infarcted area and ventricular dysfunction despite early thrombolysis and revascularization. Objective To investigate the behavior of circulating cytokines in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and their relationship with ventricular function. Methods In the BATTLE-AMI (B and T Types of Lymphocytes Evaluation in Acute Myocardial Infarction) trial, patients with STEMI were treated with a pharmacoinvasive strategy. The plasma levels of cytokines (IL-1 β , IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-18) were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at baseline and after 30 days. Infarcted mass and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were examined by 3-T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. All p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Compared to baseline, lower levels were detected for IL-1 β (p = 0.028) and IL-18 (p < 0.0001) 30 days after STEMI, whereas higher levels were observed for IL-4 (p = 0.001) and IL-10 (p < 0.0001) at that time point. Conversely, no changes were detected for IL-6 levels (p = 0.63). The levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and IL-6 correlated at baseline (rho = 0.45, p < 0.0001) and 30 days after STEMI (rho = 0.29, p = 0.009). At baseline, correlation between IL-6 levels and LVEF was also observed (rho = -0.50, p = 0.004). Conclusions During the first month post-MI, we observed a marked improvement in the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, except for IL-6. These findings suggest residual inflammatory risk. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é caracterizado por dificuldades de comunicação social e pela presença de comportamentos restritos e repetitivos. Um número relativamente elevado de crianças com TEA começam a ler espontaneamente em torno dos 3 ou 4 anos de idade, um fenômeno frequentemente denominado de hiperlexia na literatura e cuja principal característica consiste em uma discrepância entre a habilidade de decodificação (que é relativamente elevada) e a habilidade de compreensão da leitura (que é relativamente baixa). Objetivos: O presente estudo avaliou os correlatos da habilidade de leitura em dois grupos de leitores precoces em idade pré-escolar: um grupo com TEA e um grupo com desenvolvimento típico (DT). Em particular, o estudo examinou a existência de semelhanças e diferenças entre leitores precoces com e sem TEA, em relação a duas questões principais: 1) qual é a correlação entre variações na habilidade de ler através da recodificação fonológica e em habilidades visuoespaciais, por um lado, e variações na habilidade de ler palavras, por outro lado; e 2) qual é a contribuição da decodificação e do vocabulário receptivo para a compreensão da leitura de palavras. Método: A amostra foi composta por 26 leitores precoces em idade pré-escolar: 14 crianças com o diagnóstico de TEA (M = 4,4 anos de idade, DP = 0,5) e 12 crianças com DT (M = 5,2 anos, DP = 0,5). Além de testes que avaliam a leitura de palavras e pseudopalavras e a compreensão de leitura de palavras, as crianças foram submetidas a um teste de vocabulário receptivo e a testes que avaliam habilidades visuoespaciais. Resultados: Os dois grupos não diferiram em relação à habilidade de leitura de palavras e pseudopalavras. A habilidade de leitura de palavras correlacionou-se significativa e fortemente com a habilidade de leitura de pseudopalavras em ambos os grupos (rhos entre 0,61 e 0,71, para o grupo com TEA e entre 0,79 e 0,94, para o grupo com DT). Por outro lado, enquanto variações nas medidas de habilidades visuoespaciais correlacionaram-se forte e positivamente com variações nas medidas de leitura de palavras e pseudopalavras entre as crianças com TEA (rhos entre 0,61 e 0,80), essas correlações foram fracas e não significativas entre as crianças com DT (rhos entre -0,21 e 0,08). Finalmente, os resultados de uma análise de regressão múltipla avaliando a contribuição de variações no fator Grupo (TEA vs. DT), na decodificação e no vocabulário receptivo mostraram que tanto a decodificação quanto o vocabulário receptivo contribuíram única e significativamente para a variação na compreensão da leitura (f2 de Cohen= 1,04 e 1,13, respectivamente). De modo importante, esses resultados independeram de a criança ter ou não TEA (f2 de Cohen < 0,01, para o fator grupo). Discussão: Como ocorre entre leitores precoces com DT, leitores precoces com TEA aprendem a ler através do processamento das relações entre as letras e os sons na pronúncia das palavras. Da mesma maneira, como aqueles leitores, a habilidade de compreensão da leitura de palavras de leitores precoces com TEA depende fundamentalmente de variações na habilidade de decodificação e no vocabulário receptivo. Por outro lado, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem a existência de algumas diferenças no processo de aprendizagem da leitura entre leitores precoces com TEA e leitores precoces com DT. É possível, por exemplo, que leitores precoces com TEA, mas não leitores precoces com DT, beneficiam-se de suas habilidades relativamente elevadas de detectar padrões para aprender as correspondências entre as letras e os sons. As implicações desses resultados para a nossa compreensão da hiperlexia são discutidas. Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social communication difficulties and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. A relatively high number of children with ASD begin reading spontaneously around 3 or 4 years old, a phenomenon often referred to as hyperlexia in the literature and which main feature is a discrepancy between the decoding skills (which is relatively high) and the reading comprehension skills (which is relatively low). Objectives: The present study evaluated the correlates of reading skills in two groups of precocious readers in preschool age: a group with ASD and a group with typical development (TD). In particular, the study examined the existence of similarities and differences between precocious readers with and without ASD, in relation to two main questions: 1) what is the correlation between variations in the reading skills through phonological recoding and visuospatial skills, on the one hand, and variations in the word reading skills, on the other hand; and 2) what is the contribution of decoding and receptive vocabulary for reading comprehension skills. Method: The sample consisted of 26 precocious readers in preschool age: 14 children diagnosed with ASD (M = 4.4 years old, SD = 0.5) and 12 children with TD (M = 5.2 years old, SD = 0.5). In addition to word reading and pseudoword reading tests and the word reading comprehension test, children performed a receptive vocabulary test and tests that measured visuospatial skills. Results: The two groups did not differ on word reading and pseudoword reading skills. The words reading skills correlated significantly and strongly with the pseudoword reading skills in both groups (rhos between 0.61 and 0.71 and between 0.79 and 0.94, ASD group and TD group, respectively). On the other hand, while variations in measures of visuospatial skills correlated strongly and positively with variations in measures of word reading and pseudoword reading among children with ASD (rhos between 0.61 and 0.80), these correlations were weak and not significant in TD children (rhos between -0.21 and 0.08). Finally, the results of a multiple regression analysis evaluating the contribution of variations in the Group factor (ASD vs. TD), in decoding, and in receptive vocabulary showed that both decoding and receptive vocabulary contributed uniquely and significantly to the variation in reading comprehension (Cohen's f² = 1.04 and 1.13). Importantly, these results did not depend on whether the child was diagnosed with ASD (Cohen's f²