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This work examines the physical and electrical breakdown characteristics of kenaf paper coated with Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) for application in power transformers. The paper was made from kenaf bast fibers using the soda pulping method, whereby the pulps were subjected to 12,000 beating revolutions. PVA with weight percentage concentration up to 6% was introduced to the beaten kenaf through a spin coating approach. The structure of the kenaf paper was examined through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The physical properties examined were apparent density, Tensile Index (TI), Burst Index (BI), and Tear Index (TeI), while AC breakdown voltage and strength were analyzed for the electrical property. It is found that the beating and external PVA improve the kenaf paper’s apparent density, TI, BI, and AC breakdown strength while the TeI decreases.

Chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl were used to enhance performances of paper packaging. Chitosan 1.0 wt% and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solutions with concentrations of 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0 wt% were manually applied on paper surface using dip coating method. Effects of chitosan coatings on antibacterial properties of the paper were investigated. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) was found to be enhanced when chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solution were entrapped within paper. Further paper coated chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl has higher antibacterial activity againt S. aureus rather than E. coli. Keywords: Chitosan carboxymethyl, antibacterial agent, paper packaging

Fold cracking, which reduces the economic feasibility of paper-making, is a localized surface deformation caused by extreme bending stress. Most paper products, such as base paper and coated paper, generate fold cracking during folding processing. To control fold cracking, the mechanical properties of the base paper can be strengthened, and the flexibility of the structure can be increased by controlling the modification in pulp fibers and stock preparation conditions. This study analyzed the changes in the mechanical properties of high-grammage paper in response to the addition of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and cationic starch (C-starch). The application of inorganic filler (PCC) drastically reduced the internal bond strength and tensile strength, causing fold cracking, whereas C-starch increased the bond strength between fibers, which improved the tensile strength, internal bond strength, and elongation. However, when applied independently, fold cracking occurred because of extreme increase or decrease in strength. Therefore, the combined application of C-starch and PCC made it possible to form a paper-based structure with high fold cracking resistance. Moreover, when the fold cracking resistance was excellent, the mechanical properties were balanced without being biased in one direction even under conditions of relatively low mechanical properties.

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Asia has kept increasing in the last decade. The morbidity and mortality for CRC can be reduced with early detection; however, mass CRC screening with imaging modalities such as colonoscopy, CT scan, or MRI is unfeasible in developing countries such as Indonesia. Asia Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) is utilized to stratify individual CRC risk. Online screening via mobile application is an alternative method to ensure the continuity of community screening without risking COVID-19 transmission. Objective: We conducted a descriptive study to evaluate CRC risk using APCS in two different villages. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 925 and 207 subjects in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The APCS survey in 2019 was done before the COVID-19 pandemic with paper-based questionnaires and direct assessment by door-to-door approach. Meanwhile, the APCS survey in 2020 was done during the COVID-19 pandemic using websites and mobile apps available for Android and iOS. We gathered participants’ characteristics and the APCS score in both groups and tabulated them. Results: In 2019, out of 925 subjects; 472 (51%) have been classified an average risk of CRC, 370 (40%) have been classified as having a moderate risk of CRC, and 83 (9%) have been classified as in high risk of CRC. In 2020, out of 207 subjects; 106 (51.2%) have been classified as the average risk of CRC, 86 (41.5%) have been classified as the moderate risk of CRC, and 15 (7.3%) have been classified as high risk of CRC. Conclusion: Although there was a decrease in the participation of the screening program with mobile applications in the pandemic era compared with paper-based questionnaires before the pandemic era, online screening using APCS in mobile applications is a preferred alternative for an effective screening method in this pandemic and possibly in the future in Indonesia.

研究論文, This study discussed the difficulties encountered by an international student in graduate school when writing research papers in Japanese for the first time and her disposition development. The analysis of interview data revealed that the international graduate student with a performance-oriented goal showed increased anxiety and decreased self-efficacy when writing papers. The student coped with her anxiety in a way that helped her feel relieved and secure, and she changed her goal through self-reflection. Furthermore, the student responded to a decrease in self-efficacy by reflecting on her learning environment, and consequently adopting a sense of responsibility helped her to control her own efficacy. The student developed the dispositions of engagement and openness through writing papers. Thus, to elicit engagement, it is important to build confidence and self-esteem, and the key to achieving these aims is to experience each step of the research process, including mid-term and final presentations, and recognize that she has the approval of those she holds in respect. In addition, the sense of achievement on completing a paper develops a sense of openness, leading to independent study.

The paper scrutinizes the role of documents and documentarity in The Rings of Saturn by W. G. Sebald. It primarily focuses on those passages of the novel that represent the excessive amounts of documents via tropes of abundance and proliferation. I argue that the narrator’s meditations upon 20th century history paradoxically connect the overwhelming accumulation of documents to the experience of erasure and destruction; however, certain episodes offer another approach, presenting the collection of masses of documents as an idiosyncratic, poetic practice. In these parts of the text, documents are displayed as “heaps” and “clouds” of paper: I reveal the ways Sebald’s language deprives them of their referential function, calling attention to their materiality.

The goal of this study was to provide useful information for people（including graduate students） who want to write and publish academic psychology papers. To estimate（a） the length of time it will take to complete a paper and（b） the future duration of current academic publishing systems, I applied the delta t argument developed by Gott（1993）. Based on some real-world data on publication statistics and a selective history of publishing systems, I argued that（a）a paper may be completed sooner than the author expects and（b） the older peer review system may coexist with or last longer than recent approaches to academic publishing.

This article is part of a series on methods for living guidelines, consolidating practical experiences from developing living guidelines. It focuses on methods for identification, selection, and prioritisation of clinical questions for a living approach to guideline development.Members of the Australian Living Evidence Consortium (ALEC), the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the US Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) Network, convened a working group. All members have expertise and practical experience in the development of living guidelines. We collated methods documents on prioritisation from each organisation's living guidelines, conducted interviews and held working group discussions. We consolidated these to form best-practice principles, which were then edited and agreed on by the working group members.We developed best-practice principles for 1) identification, 2) selection, and 3) prioritisation, of questions for a living approach to guideline development. Several different strategies for undertaking prioritising questions are explored.The paper provides guidance for prioritising questions in living guidelines. Subsequent papers in this series explore consumer involvement, search decisions, and methods decisions, that are appropriate for questions with different priority levels.

Background: The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) validly and reliably measures symptoms and concerns of those receiving palliative care. Aim: To determine the equivalence of the paper version with an electronic version of the IPOS (eIPOS). Design: Multicentre randomised crossover trial (NCT03879668) with a within-subject comparison of the two modes (washout period 30 min). Setting/Participants: Convenience sample of specialist inpatient and palliative home care patients aged over 18 years with cancer and non-cancer conditions was recruited. Scores were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland-Altman plots and via a mixed-effects analysis of variance. Results: Fifty patients were randomised to complete paper-electronic ( n = 24) and electronic-paper ( n = 26) IPOS with median age 69 years (range 24–95), 56% male, 16% non-cancer. The ICCs showed very high concordance for the total score (ICC 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00), lowest ICCs being observed for symptoms ‘Appetite loss’ and ‘Drowsiness’ (ICC 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.97). Nine of seventeen items had ICCs above 0.98, as did all subscales. No statistically significant mode, order, age, and interaction effects were observed for IPOS total score and subscales, except for ‘Communication’ ( Fmode = 5.9, p = 0.019). Fifty-eight percent preferred the electronic version. In the group 75+ years, 53% preferred the paper version. Only three entries in the free-text main problems differed between the versions. Conclusion: The very high equivalence in scores and free text between the IPOS and the eIPOS demonstrates that eIPOS is feasible and reliable in an older palliative population.

The paper examines actual problems concerning administrative responsibility for advertising services in the field of preparation and writing papers provided for by the state scientific certification system In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of organizations engaged in illegal preparation of term (year) papers and theses, research articles and Cand. Sci. dissertations. Unfortunately, as practice shows, territorial bodies of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation (FAS territorial bodies) do not always identify the elements of the crime in the activities of such organizations.FAS territorial bodies refer to the lack of a high level of experts in the field, difficulties associated with conducting linguistic forensic expertise mandatory for fixing and detecting hidden advertising, the lack of a well-developed mechanism for bringing to administrative responsibility. The authors propose measures necessary to eliminate these problems and improve the work of law enforcement agencies.In particular, the authors are convinced that in a separate letter, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation should oblige its territorial authorities to identify elements of illegal advertising during their inspections aimed at checking compliance with the Federal Law on Advertising and to bring to administrative responsibility citizens, officials and legal entities advertising services for writing scientific papers. The police bodies, as well as the Federal Tax Service agencies should also be involved in this work, and they should be given the appropriate powers.It is advisable for the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation to instruct subordinate prosecutor’s offices of constituent entities, cities, districts to carry out monitoring regarding situations when antimonopoly authorities impose or fail to impose administrative responsibility on citizens, officials and legal entities for advertising services for writing papers provided for by the state system of scientific certification.To identify signs of veiled advertising, it is proposed to use clarifications of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, according to which courts can take into account information that consumers associate with goods in circulation. In relation to the problem of advertising services for the implementation and writing of scientific papers, antimonopoly authorities can use the data of sociological surveys of students and teachers and the conclusions of linguistic expertise.

Medical postgraduates are the new force of scientific research groups in China. However, the limitation of their English language ability restricts their publication of high-level Science Citation Index (SCI) papers to a large extent. Measures to improve students’ SCI language ability from macro, intermediate and micro aspects were discussed through flipped classroom teaching mode, such as students’ reading papers before class, students’ practicing paper writing after class, and teacher’s making comments in class. The feedback from the questionnaire showed that 96.65% of the students were satisfied with the teaching mode and 93.57% of them had improved their confidence in SCI writing. For the problems mentioned in the feedback, it was suggested that colleges and universities should formulate policies to encourage teachers to engage in medical English teaching, meanwhile teachers should constantly improve their professional quality, so as to help students improve their SCI language ability rapidly.

This study analyzes the characteristics of the top 100 most-cited papers related to tooth bleaching. A literature search was performed on the Web of Science up to March 2022. The number of citations was cross-matched with the citation count on Scopus and Google Scholar. The following data were collected: number and density of citations; authorship; year and journal of publication; study design and thematic; keywords; institution and country of origin. Spearman’s correlation and Poisson regression were used to determine associations between the number of citations and study characteristics. The VOSviewer software was used to generate collaborative network maps for the authors and keywords. The number of citations ranged from 66 to 450. Papers were published between 1981 and 2020. The most frequent study design and topic were laboratory-based studies and ‘interaction of the bleaching agent with dental tissues’, respectively. Cochran M, Loguercio AD, Matis B, Reis A, and Suliman M were the authors with the highest number of papers. The countries with the most papers were the United States of America (USA) (28%) and Brazil (20%). Indiana University and State University of Ponta Grossa were the institutions with the most papers (6% each). There was a very strong correlation among the number of citations of the three databases. The 100 most-cited papers related to tooth bleaching were mainly published by the USA and Brazil, with laboratory-based studies addressing topics related to the effects of bleaching agents on tooth structure being the most prevalent. Resumo Este estudo analisa as características dos 100 artigos mais citados relacionados ao clareamento dental. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada na Web of Science até março de 2022. O número de citações foi cruzado com a contagem de citações na Scopus e na Google Scholar. Foram coletados os seguintes dados: número e densidade de citações; autoria; ano e periódico de publicação; desenho do estudo e temática; palavras-chave; instituição e país de origem. A correlação de Spearman e a regressão de Poisson foram usadas para determinar associações entre o número de citações e as características do estudo. O software VOSviewer foi utilizado para gerar mapas de rede colaborativa para os autores e palavras-chave. O número de citações variou de 66 a 450. Os artigos foram publicados entre 1981 e 2020. O desenho e o tópico de estudo mais frequentes foram estudos laboratoriais e interação do agente clareador com tecidos dentários, respectivamente. Cochran M, Loguercio AD, Matis B, Reis A e Suliman M foram os autores com maior número de artigos. Os países com mais artigos foram os Estados Unidos da América (EUA) (28%) e o Brasil (20%). A Universidade de Indiana e a Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa foram as instituições com mais artigos (6% cada). Houve uma correlação muito forte entre o número de citações das três bases de dados. Os 100 artigos mais citados relacionados ao clareamento dentário foram publicados principalmente pelos EUA e Brasil, sendo os estudos laboratoriais que abordaram tópicos relacionados aos efeitos dos agentes clareadores na estrutura dentária os mais prevalentes.

Login passwords are likely to be one of the authentication methods used on Internet sites for some time to come, but there are problems. For example, frequently used login passwords such as “password” can be easily guessed, and short login passwords can be discovered even if account locking is enabled on the server side. Also, if you use the same login password at other sites, leakage is likely to occur. In order to prevent these problems, cooperation among users is required. However, looking at the results of a certain questionnaire, it turned out that considerable reuse is being carried out among Internet users. The reason for this is thought to be that the methods of managing login passwords which has been recommended so far was difficult to use for many users. Therefore, we would like to propose a safer and more feasible login password management method that can be used in school education. Specifically, it is a method of using OS vendor application software for encryption and using an encryption key of 15 characters or more in accordance with NISC recommendations. By using a sufficiently long encryption key, a brute force attack can be avoided and the encryption key will not be leaked. Since the encryption key is not leaked, one encryption key can be reused many times. If there are a few encryption keys, they are easy to remember and easy to manage even if they are written down on paper. We believe that teaching this method in schools will reduce the reuse of Internet users' login passwords. In this paper, we would also like to propose preparing alternative passwords in advance as a method to avoid the reuse of login passwords.

Oil media on paper, such as oil paintings, sketches, prints, and books, occasionally present problems associated with the effect of oil medium on the paper support, raising a composite matter of condition assessment as it depends on several factors. The present work examines the effect of linseed oil on paper and, in particular, the changes caused by three types of linseed oil on the optical, morphological, mechanical, and chemical properties of pure cellulosic paper, employing mock-ups submitted to artificial ageing in controlled conditions of relative humidity and temperature in airtight vessels. The study involved colorimetry, opacity, tensile strength, pH measurements, SEM, FTIR, and VOC analysis with GC-MS. Processing of the results has so far indicated that thermal-humid ageing caused the gradual darkening of the oil-impregnated mock-ups, as well as alterations in opacity, intense fall of pH values, and severe reductions in tensile strength, while linseed oil processing during manufacture has a significant impact. FTIR spectra have indicated that chemical changes upon ageing are in accordance with those of optical and mechanical changes, while VOC emissions are mostly associated with the drying and degradation of the different types of linseed oil.

With the overarching aim for the development of sustainable, nontoxic wet strength agents for paper, a novel polymer gel system based on oxidized hydroxypropyl cellulose (keto-HPC) cross-linked with polyamines was investigated in detail to gain a deeper insight into the wet strength mechanism. When applied to paper, this wet strength system significantly increases the relative wet strength by using only low amounts of polymer, and it is therefore comparable with established wet strength agents based on fossil resources, such as polyamidoamine epichlorohydrin resins. With the help of ultrasonic treatment, keto-HPC was degraded with respect to its molecular weight and further cross-linked in paper using polymeric amine-reactive counterparts. The resulting polymer-cross-linked paper mechanical properties were analyzed with respect to the dry and wet tensile strength, respectively. In addition, we analyzed the polymer distribution using fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). If high-molecular-weight samples are being used for cross-linking, we do find accumulation of the polymer mainly on the surface of the fibers and at fiber crossing points, accompanied with enhancing strong effects on paper’s wet tensile strength. In contrast, if low-molecular-weight (i.e., degraded) keto-HPC is being applied, the macromolecules are capable of entering the inner porous structure of the paper fibers, and almost no accumulation at the fiber crossing points is observed, which also results in a lowered wet paper tensile strength, respectively. This insight into wet strength mechanisms of the keto-HPC/polyamine system can thus lead to new opportunities for the development of alternative biobased wet strength agents where molecular weight dependence of the wet tensile properties allows for a fine tuning of mechanical properties in the wet state.

The subject of the research is a paper for sanitary-hygienic purposes. The objects of the study are a pulper infeed system and a round grid perforated forming device. The purposes of the work are to identify sources and reduce fluctuations of 1 m2 of pulp for sanitaryhygienic paper, which decrease the structural irregularities of the paper web in longitudinal and transverse directions. The methodology of the study is to investigate the flow pulsation of the pulp, the fluctuations of the pulp web at the Yankee cylinder (without crepe), to verify the tensile strength of the paper web in longitudinal and transverse directions for identification of a correlation between the pulsation, the vibration of the pulp and the strength of the paper web. The trials were made during the production of sanitary-hygienic paper with the mass 17–18 g/m2 at a steady working speed of the machine 5 m/s. Pulsations of paper pulp in the low-frequency spectrum of 0.14–1.35 Hz prevail in the mass-intake device. The rectangular paper samples 432×230 mm2 were created for examination of structural irregularities of the paper web. The length 432 mm was taken in the longitudinal direction of paper movement in the machine. It was equal to 0.125 mm in the circumference of the round grid screen cylinder. The width of the paper web in the commodity bobbin was 230 mm. The samples were made from a single sheet of paper sequentially without intermediate cuts at 5 m/s speed of the machine. It was determined that the frequencies of fluctuations of the masses of sanitary paper samples coincide by 86 % with the pulsation frequencies of the pulp and depend on other factors by 14 %. The major frequency was 1.45 Hz. The amplitude of the deviation of the mass at this frequency from the arithmetic mean was 0.026 g. The tensile strength of the paper web in the machine direction was 5.6 times greater than in the transverse direction. It was caused by unregulated rotation frequency of the holey roll and clogging of its holes. The significant change of speed of the pulp flow on the short cylindrical part of the vacuum chambers initiated synchronically low frequency pulsation of the pulp and fluctuations of masses of the paper samples, therefor, the paper web in the machine. The irregularities of the structure of the paper web create the frequent paper breaks and reduced quality of the commodity products.

A fast approach for synthesizing gold nanoparticles over electrochemical paper-based devices is reported. The device was fabricated by paper laser pyrolysis carbonization followed by in situ laser synthesis of AuNPs.

Day by day world population is growing rapidly and a huge amount of people shifting to large cities and new places for work, education or job purpose, or a better life. That is why the housing demand is increasing and house renting becoming an elemental part of our society. As a result, I realized the importance of an online house renting website and come up with a decision to implement a such web application. In this paper rental website development is discussed. Through this website, tenants can rent properties and landlords can upload their property details for rent. This website will help users to give or take rent houses without dealing with flat brokers to finally reach an agreement that suits the interests of all parties. The packaging and shifting services facility will help users to shift valuable things safely to destinations. To implement, and testing of the proposed system, this application interface has been developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap, PHP, and MySQL database server that allows for making web pages interactive and responsive. This system was developed in such a manner so that it can provide a maximum user-friendly interface, and users can use it more efficiently.

Based on travel notes and reviews from the others opinions, this paper have made a word segmentation which describes the use of MERN technology in the project. This project also includes the scripting languages like HTML, CSS and JavaScript. With the help of HTML, we are building a website. Here, we are using Nav bar, tables and many more thing to look the website attractive. and with the help of CSS, It makes website cool and user-friendly. In CSS, we are using flex-box, grid and Bootstrap. And With the help of JavaScript, It will be show some alert message and more.

As the use of social media continues to grow, so does the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in social media platforms. This research paper examines the impact of AIML on social media, including both positive and negative effects. Through a review of literature and case studies, we find that AIML has improved customer service, personalized content and advertising, enhanced user experience, but also raised concerns about privacy and bias. Future research should focus on ethical considerations and potential limitations of AIML in social media.

With time there is an advancement in technology, one technology that advances from generation to generation is mobile networks. There has been a huge evolution in mobile networks in the last few decades. As the data increases there is a need for a faster and higher bandwidth network to access that data. Fast mobile networks include low latency, more secure, and high-rate data transfer. In the last few decades, there has been a vast improvement. The network started from 1G followed by 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, and it is still going. In this review paper, an attempt has been made to show the difference and advancement between generations by considering various aspects like speed, access time, data transfer time, data rates, and we are also highlighting the challenges and necessities.

Weather forecasting is the use of science and technology to predict the condition of the weather for a given area. It is one of the most difficult issues the world over. This project aims to estimate the weather by utilizing predictive analysis. For this reason, analysis of various data mining procedures is needed before apply. This paper introduces a classifier approach for prediction of weather condition and shows how Naive Bayes and Chi square algorithm can be utilized for classification purpose. This system is a web application with effective graphical User Interface. User will login to the system utilizing his user ID and password. User will enter some information such as current outlook, temperature, humidity and wind condition. This system will take this parameter and predict weather after analyzing the input information with the information in database. Consequently, two basic functions to be specific classification (training) and prediction (testing) will be performed. The outcomes demonstrated that these data mining procedures can be sufficient for weather forecasting.

Vulnerability assessment is a critical process in identifying and mitigating potential security risks in various systems. With the increasing complexity and diversity of modern technologies, traditional vulnerability assessment methods may not be sufficient to address emerging threats effectively. In recent years, new approaches have emerged that leverage advanced techniques, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of vulnerability assessment. In this review paper, we explore the latest developments in vulnerability assessment and provide a comprehensive analysis of various new approaches. We discuss the advantages and limitations of these approaches and provide insights into their practical applications.

This paper aims to inquire for the sociodemographic structure of the Venezuelan occupied labour force and its differences in comparison to the national occupied labour force in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. To achieve this purpose, this research relies on data for the year 2021 from the Integrated Great Survey of Households (Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares - GEIH), a monthly socio demographic survey GEIH that captures information related to the main characteristics of the studied population. In this sense, comparisons in terms of educational levels, income, occupational status, family structure, gender and age groups were done in order to determine differences and common patterns. Finally, a hierarchical cluster analysis strategy was proposed to identify possible sociodemographic typologies of the Venezuelan labour force.

The article aims to determine the share of mechanical-biological installation of waste processing (MBP) in the levels of recycling and preparation for the reuse of paper, metals, plastics, and glass (PMPG) achieved by municipalities. Two MBP installations were taken for the analysis - with the highest and the lowest share of municipalities in the Podlaskie Voivodship (Poland), which reached the recycling level required in 2019. In order to determine the share of MBP installations in the level of recycling achieved by communes, the share of the mass of recycled PMPG waste segregated from mixed municipal waste was calculated: in the total mass of generated PMPG waste and in the total mass of recycled PMPG waste from the municipal waste stream. On the basis of the conducted analyses, it should be stated that the MBP installation may have an impact on the achievement by municipalities of the recycling level required by law.

The drainage system is more than a building saving venture, but of life and environment. Inadequacy of drainage system characterised every nook and cranny of major parts in Nigeria, including the Federal Capital Territory, though, it is more pronounced in slums, rural and suburban areas, which accommodate the larger populace. Lack/Inadequacy of drainage system has resulted into improper disposal of greywater, as drainage system is designed to convey waste water to safer place for proper disposal are not available. The consequence of this is seen in a stream of household greywater flow out of the house to the main street. The sight of pipe conveying greywater from bathroom and laundry is a common view in most part of Nigeria, especially in a suburban area, where there is a high dense population. Different severe environmental consequences have resulted from this act, which might be a threat to public health. Also, the practice can also act as a precursor to other ailments in the society. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness on the negative impact of indiscrimate discharge of waste water on the environment. Hence, this paper seeks to review the improper greywater discharge on the street and its possible environmental consequences.

In recent years, many projects have been developed to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, both from the point of view of energy efficiency and the integration of renewable energies. However, few projects are related to the problem of integrating DER in environments dominated by high-tech equipment, the so-called ”critical loads”: data centers, railroad stations, airports, and hospitals. The European Interreg Sudoe IMPROVEMENT project aim is to renovate existing public buildings where critical loads predominate, converting them into nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB), and for this purpose, it integrates combined cooling, heat, and power (CCHP) microgrid with renewable and other distributed energy resources (DER) like hybrid energy storage systems (ESS). With still one year to go before the end of the project, the consortium partners present in this position paper the latest progress of their respective work packages to date. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) present a high risk of recurrence and new adverse cardiovascular events after hospital discharge. Elevated plasma LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been shown to be a causal factor for the development of coronary heart disease, and robust clinical evidence has documented that LDL-C levels decrease linearly correlates with a reduction in cardiovascular events. Recent studies have also demonstrated the safety and efficacy of an early and significant reduction in LDL-C levels in patients with ACS. In this position paper, Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists proposes a decision algorithm on early adoption of lipid-lowering strategies at hospital discharge and short-term follow-up of patients with ACS, in the light of the multiple evidence generated in recent years on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia and the available therapeutic options, considering current reimbursement criteria.

We consider a principal who periodically offers a fixed and costly nonmonetary reward to agents to incentivize them to invest effort over the long run. An agent’s output, as a function of his effort, is a priori uncertain and is worth a fixed per-unit value to the principal. The principal’s goal is to design an attractive reward policy that specifies how the rewards are to be given to an agent over time based on that agent’s past performance. This problem, which we denote by [Formula: see text], is motivated by practical examples from both academia (e.g., a reduced teaching load) and industry (e.g., “Supplier of the Year” awards). The following “limited-term” (LT) reward policy structure has been quite popular in practice. The principal evaluates each agent periodically; if an agent’s performance over a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate past exceeds a predefined threshold, then the principal rewards him for a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate future. When agents’ outputs are deterministic in their efforts, we show that there always exists an optimal policy that is an LT policy and also, obtain such a policy. When agents’ outputs are stochastic, we show that the class of LT policies may not contain any optimal policy of problem [Formula: see text] but is guaranteed to contain policies that are arbitrarily near optimal. Given any [Formula: see text], we show how to obtain an LT policy whose performance is within ϵ of that of an optimal policy. This guarantee depends crucially on the use of sufficiently long histories of the agents’ outputs. We also analyze LT policies with short histories and derive structural insights on the role played by (i) the length of the available history and (ii) the variability in the random variable governing an agent’s output. We show that the average performance of these policies is within 5% of the optimum, justifying their popularity in practice. We then introduce and analyze the class of “score-based” reward policies; we show that this class is guaranteed to contain an optimal policy and also, obtain such a policy. Finally, we analyze a generalization in which the principal has a limited number for rewards in any given period and show that the class of score-based policies, with modifications to accommodate the limited availability of the rewards, continues to contain an optimal solution for the principal. This paper was accepted by Jeannette Song, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4482 .

Extended risk stratification and optimal management of patients with a permanently increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) are becoming increasingly important. There are several clinical conditions where the risk of arrhythmic death is present albeit only transient. As an example, patients with depressed left ventricular function have a high risk of SCD that may be only transient if there will be a significant recovery of function. It is important to protect the patients while receiving and titrating to the optimal dose the recommended drugs that may lead to an improved left ventricular function. In several other conditions, a transient risk of SCD can be observed even if the left ventricular function is not compromised. Examples are patients with acute myocarditis, during the diagnostic work-up of some arrhythmic conditions or after extraction of infected catheters while eradicating the associated infection. In all these conditions, it is important to offer a protection to these patients. The wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is of particular importance as a temporary non-invasive technology for both arrhythmia monitoring and therapy in patients with increased risk of SCD. Previous studies have shown the WCD to be an effective and safe therapy for the prevention of SCD caused by ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. The aim of this ANMCO position paper is to provide a recommendation for clinical utilization of the WCD in Italy, based upon current data and international guidelines. In this document, we will review the WCD functionality, indications, clinical evidence, and guideline recommendations. Finally, a recommendation for the utilization of the WCD in routine clinical practice will be presented, in order to provide physicians with a practical guidance for SCD risk stratification in patients who may benefit from this device.

In the growing therapeutic armamentarium for heart failure (HF) management, vericiguat represents an innovative therapeutic option. The biological target of this drug is different from that of other drugs for HF. Indeed, vericiguat does not inhibit neuro-hormonal systems overactivated in HF or sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 but stimulates the biological pathway of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which is impaired in patients with HF. Vericiguat has recently been approved by international and national regulatory authorities for the treatment of patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction who are symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy and have worsening HF. This ANMCO position paper summarises key aspects of vericiguat mechanism of action and provides a review of available clinical evidence. Furthermore, this document reports use indications based on international guideline recommendations and local regulatory authority approval at the time of writing.

In this work, the issue of applying water or a homogeneous aqueous suspension with a uniform size of (nano)particles (e.g., ink) to the surface of SBSK (southern bleached softwood kraft) paper with randomly arranged local hydrophobic treatment is investigated and then simulated. Based on the two investigated models, various simulation approaches were compared, an own simulation model was created, and its validity was subsequently demonstrated on the experiments performed.

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors address the question of why papers may be desk rejected (rejected without going out for formal peer review) and describe simple steps for authors to optimize their work so it gets past the desk reject stage. Submitted/Accepted version

Cryptography is the technique for hiding data and information from unauthorized users. It is the art of achieving security by encoding messages to make them non-readable. When we send simple message from one location to another then this message called plain text is visible to anybody. If we want to codify the message called cipher text so that no one can easily understand the meaning of message then we use cryptography techniques. There are numerous applications where this technology is used such as ATM pin, Password, Credit Card number or any other secret communication. Cryptography can be divided into following three categories depending upon the types of key used: secret key (symmetric) cryptography, public key (asymmetric) cryptography and hash functions. In this paper we provide review of various types of cryptography techniques.

This research paper focuses on the creation of aweb application that employs modern techniques to authenticate and verify the identities of students and employees. In the era of digital transformation, conventional identification methods have become less effective. To overcome this challenge, the proposed solution leverages advanced biometric technologies like facial recognition and QR codes to ensure precise identification of individuals. Moreover, the application offers SMS and email notifications, along with a performance chart generated by machine learning to provide comprehensive user information.The

The paper discusses the design and development of an Android application that provides career guidance on a specific domain to users and students. The application can be used by students and researchers as it is a Knowledge sharing platform for specific domains in the field of Computer and Information Technology. It provides complete details of counselors, counselors’ profiles, the expertise of the counselor, interaction with counselors using chats, the features like sharing documents for sharing knowledge with users, privately chatting with counselors, the platform on which publicly users can post the question and counselors are present to help them out

The applicability of paper mulberry fiber (PM-FB), which is bast fiber, for manufacturing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with high-yield was investigated. The PM-FB and hardwood bleached kraft pulp (Hw-BKP) were hydrolyzed under different sulfuric acid concentrations, reaction times, and reaction temperatures. The dependence of the CNC yield on the hydrolysis conditions and crystallinity of the raw materials was analyzed. The functional groups of the CNCs and their zeta potentials were determined. The fiber length and width of the individual CNCs were determined by transmission electron microscopy image analysis. The PM-FB showed a higher crystallinity of 86.8% compared to that of Hw-BKP and exhibited a high CNC yield of 55% under strong hydrolysis conditions. The sulfate group was introduced into the CNCs, which increased their negative charge. The fiber width of PM-FB-based CNCs (PM-CNCs) was larger than that of Hw-BKP-based CNCs (Hw-CNCs), and the aspect ratio ranged from 29.0 to 12.2 depending on the hydrolysis conditions. The yield of PM-CNCs was higher than that of Hw-CNCs under the same hydrolysis conditions. In addition, both CNCs exhibited similar quality. Therefore, PM-FB is a promising raw material for efficient CNC manufacturing.

We stand at the threshold of a revolution in science. It is possible that soon scientific writing as we know it will undergo a rapid change, all thanks to the ChatGPT 3.5 language model. The appearance of this tool on the technology market in November 2022 caused a massive stir among Internet users and the academic world. It turned out that chat has the potential to generate completely new and unique scientific texts. In the wake of ChatGPT, similar tools by technology giants came and are coming. Given the above, the scientific community has only a brief moment to try to answer the following questions: whether the texts generated in this way have real scientific value, whether it is ethical for researchers to use them, how to regulate copyright on the use of AI, what are the potential capabilities of artificial intelligence for writing scientific papers. The indicated themes are reflected in the presented text.

Host immune activation is common under a pathogen invasion. This physiological response can promote changes in the body surface compounds, thus providing chemical cues related to health that might be useful to conspecifics. By recognizing the current immunological status of social partners, individuals can modulate their behavior to minimize the risk of infection. Tegument wounding, an immune elicitor, is a required step for many parasites to become established in a host. By using the neotropical eusocial paper wasp Mischocyttarus metathoracicus as a model organism, we first performed a lure presentation experiment in the field to test if wasps discriminate conspecific immunological status (experimentally manipulated by wounding) during on nest social interactions. Then, we performed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyses to test if immunostimulation by wounding alters the wasps’ cuticular hydrocarbon profile. We found that wasps reduce the duration of aggressive physical contact when interacting with wounded lures, despite displaying a similar frequency of inspective and aggressive behaviors toward both the wounded and the control lures. Besides, we found a subtle increase in a single cuticular hydrocarbon in the wounded wasps. Thus, wasps recognize conspecific immunological status, likely by chemical cues, and modulate their behavior in order to defend the colony against intruders while minimizing the personal risk of infection.

The present study highlights a very current topic, which arouses everyone's interest. We referred in particular to the provisions at the level of the European Union and brought to attention the most important rules in the matter. The basis of this research are the rules of the European Union. The methods used are, mainly, the analysis of existing documents at the level of the European Union and the case study method, being analyzed several situations that could arise in the near future, based on the regulations. The article's conclusions draw attention to the fact that the privileged norms in the presented situation must be developed in accordance with reality, which is still development and movement. The present paper can be an interesting reading for law specialists, from university professors, lawyers, magistrates and other categories of jurists to students, because it presents a current issue in contemporary society. The article is not an exhaustive work, but rather a presentation of the rules regarding artificial intelligence and the direction in which it is heading.

Writing in 2022 we are at a global crisis point, as our use of the planet’s finite resources outstrips supply. Our current lifestyles continue to perpetuate this problem by encouraging excessive and wasteful models of consumption. One of the most detrimental industries for this is the clothing industry. Our fashion cycle is now programmed to be ‘ultra-fast’, encouraging excessive consumption of garments causing myriad environmental issues. This article argues that there are developing models of both manufacture and consumption, which can satiate this need for ‘fast’ fashion whilst being part of the wider sustainable fashion conversation. Rather than understanding the short-term life cycle of clothing as inherently unsustainable, this can be reframed as matching a garment’s use phase to the longevity of the material it is made from. This article uses a material culture approach to explore original 1960s paper garments, alongside a critical analysis of the sustainability of their manufacture and disposal from a green chemical perspective. Using the combined knowledge and experience of its authors, from historians and sustainable fashion designers to green chemists and biochemical engineers, this article demonstrates how such garments could inspire new models of sustainable fashion production and consumption. We argue that the current paradigm of slow fashion as the only antidote to fast fashion must be challenged. Instead, the fashion and textile sector must consider a range of solutions to the environmental burden of fast fashion that are human-centred and sympathetic to all consumer demographics and needs.

Nowadays huge amounts of text data are available due to the evolution of the Internet. Although search engines are used to select text data, it is unfeasible to go through the entire search results of text that are related to search intent. Therefore, text summarization is the only method by which we can reduce text data without the loss of information. A new method for Title or Text generation is the Transformer language model that has been trained i.e. GPT-2, GPTNeo, Chat-GPT, and LSTM Model of RNN by which we can generate catchy titles to take readers’ attention and attract them to read a full article. This paper has discovered recent literature on all the previously mentioned topics which are related to Title or Text generators and examines several methods which propose to make use of various language models. The suggested approaches are also contrasted with one another to highlight their unique advantages, and to suggest constantly better ways.

Phenomenology is the qualitative research inquiry that explores the lived experiences of the individual. This paper discusses phenomenology as a qualitative research methodology and its roots, characteristics, and steps to conduct the study. The relevant literature was searched using the database library, including PubMed, Google Scholar, PakMediNet, Medline, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature CINAHL. Literature was searched using keywords including phenomenology, qualitative inquiry, roots of phenomenology, steps of phenomenology, and characters of phenomenology. The essential essence of phenomenology is to understand the lived experiences of individuals. The participants truly share the lived experiences which they witnessed. It is concluded that phenomenology is a qualitative inquiry that addresses the real-life experiences of individuals.

I trace the bibliometric evolution of “New Public Management Is Dead” by Dunleavy et al. to investigate how the seminal paper influenced the administrative reform debate. They suggested Digital-Era Governance as the main post-NPM idea. My bibliometric analysis discovers public value, administrative reform trajectories, and digital government as influential themes. Unlike Dunleavy et al., the literature found the managerial reform wave is not linear, reform ideas are supplementary, and NPM remains a major toolkit. Future research should focus on reintegration and need-based holism, linking digital government to administrative reform, and the negative impact of digital government on democracy.

In this work, we propose a new design for paper based analytical devices (PADs) that eliminate the need to use a micropipette for sample introduction. With this design, a PAD is equipped with a distance-based detection channel that is connected to a storage channel that indicates the volume of a sample introduced into the PAD. The analyte in the sample solution reacts with a colorimetric reagent deposited into the distance-based detection channel as the sample solution flows into the storage channel where the volume is measured. The ratio of the lengths of the detection channel and that of the storage channel (D/S ratio) are constant for a sample containing a certain concentration, which is independent of the introduced volume. Therefore, the PADs permit volume-independent quantification using a dropper instead of a micropipette because the length of the storage channel plays the role of a volume gauge to estimate the introduced sample volume. In this study, the D/S ratios obtained with a dropper were comparable to those obtained with a micropipette, which confirmed that precise volume control is unnecessary for this PAD system. The proposed PADs were applied to the determinations of iron and bovine serum albumin using bathophenanthroline and tetrabromophenol blue as colorimetric reagents, respectively. The calibration curves showed good linear relationships with coefficients of 0.989 for iron and 0.994 for bovine serum albumin, respectively.

A series of new coloring materials in nanoscale based on 5-(2-aminothiazol-5-yl) thiazol-2-amine and 5-(4-aminophenyl) thiazol-2-amine were synthesized. The nanoscale pigments were prepared using a grinding high˗energy ball-milling technique. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were employed to determine the particle size of the nanoscale pigments (40–80 nm). The synthesized pigments in normal and nanoscale were applied in the printing of polyester fabrics. The fastness and colorimetric properties of the printed samples were carefully studied. Additionally, the synthesized pigments were applied as water-based flexographic ink for paper and carton. The hue of the color pigments L*, a*, b*, glossiness, and fastness to light were measured. The comparison of the new heterocyclic benzidine analogs in normal and nanoscale with commercial benzidine pigments demonstrated better results, particularly for the nanoscale pigments.

SummaryInhibitors of the cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6i) have been practice-changing and are now considered the standard of care in combination with endocrine therapy for the first- or second-line treatment in advanced hormone-receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‑negative breast cancer. Recently, CDK4/6i have also emerged as an appealing targeted cancer therapy in early breast cancer, however results of large clinical trials are controversial. This position paper summarizes the evidence, and provides guidance for clinical practice.

Patients with multimorbidity increasingly impact healthcare systems, both in primary care and in hospitals. This is particularly true in Internal Medicine. This population associates with higher mortality rates, polypharmacy, hospital readmissions, post-discharge syndrome, anxiety, depression, accelerated age-related functional decline, and development of geriatric syndromes, amongst others. Internists and Hospitalists, in one of their roles as Generalists, are increasingly asked to attend to these patients, both in their own Departments as well as in surgical areas. The management of polypathology and multimorbidity, however, is often complex, and requires specific clinical skills and corresponding experience. In addition, patients' needs, health-care environment, and routines have changed, so emerging and re-emerging specific competences and approaches are required to offer the best coordinated, continuous, and comprehensive integrated care to these populations, to achieve optimal health outcomes and satisfaction of patients, their relatives, and staff. This position paper proposes a set of emerging and re-emerging competences for internal medicine specialists, which are needed to optimally address multimorbidity now and in the future.

Producing living guidelines requires making important decisions about methods for evidence identification, appraisal and integration to allow the living mode to function. Clarifying what these decisions are and the trade-offs between options is necessary. This paper provides Living Guideline developers with a framework to enable them to choose the most suitable model for their living guideline topic, question or context.We developed this guidance through an iterative process informed by interviews, feedback and a consensus process with an international group of Living Guideline developers.Several key decisions need to be made both before commencing and throughout the continual process of Living Guideline development and maintenance. These include deciding what approach is taken to the systematic review process; decisions about methods to be applied for the evidence appraisal process, including the use of unpublished data; and selection of "triggers" to incorporate new studies into Living Guideline recommendations. In each case, there are multiple options and trade-offs.We identify trade-offs and important decisions to be considered throughout the Living Guideline development process. The most appropriate, and most sustainable, mode of development and updating will be dependent on the choices made in each of these areas.

Literature review papers are highly influential in directing academic discourse, not only because they map the state of the art in a subject area, but also because they show future research prospects by identifying weaknesses, limitations, and gaps in the extant body of knowledge on a particular subject [...]