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Our study summarizes findings from a long-term monitoring of pavement on selected road sections with lower traffic intensity. The research involved the comparison of resilient moduli as a design parameter of unbound pavement base layers’ unbound granular materials (UGMs), determined in a laboratory by a test device for a cyclical triaxial test and in situ by impact load test using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). In particular, the resilient moduli determined in the laboratory by a cyclic triaxial test (Mr,CTT) were compared with the real values of resilient moduli measured by FWD (Mr,FWD). A new, unique, and innovative FWD device was used to determine the Mr,FWD of the UGMs. The innovation lay in the dual-axis deflection measurement—measurement performed not just in the axis parallel to the road, but also in the axis in the transversal direction., Studie shrnuje poznatky z dlouhodobého sledování vozovky na vybraných úsecích komunikací s nižší intenzitou dopravy. Výzkum zahrnoval porovnání modulů pružnosti jako návrhového parametru nestmelených materiálů pro podkladní vrstvy vozovky, stanovených v laboratoři zkušebním zařízením pro cyklickou triaxiální zkoušku a in situ zkouškou rázovým zatěžovacím zařízením (FWD). Konkrétně byly porovnány moduly pružnosti stanovené v laboratoři cyklickým triaxiálním testem se skutečnými hodnotami modulů pružnosti naměřenými FWD. K určení modulů pružnosti bylo použito nové, unikátní a inovativní zařízení FWD. Inovace spočívala ve dvouosém měření průhybu – měření prováděné nejen v ose rovnoběžné s vozovkou, ale také v ose v příčném směru.

Our study summarizes findings from a long-term monitoring of pavement on selected road sections with lower traffic intensity. The research involved the comparison of resilient moduli as a design parameter of unbound pavement base layers’ unbound granular materials (UGMs), determined in a laboratory by a test device for a cyclical triaxial test and in situ by impact load test using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). In particular, the resilient moduli determined in the laboratory by a cyclic triaxial test (Mr,CTT) were compared with the real values of resilient moduli measured by FWD (Mr,FWD). A new, unique, and innovative FWD device was used to determine the Mr,FWD of the UGMs. The innovation lay in the dual-axis deflection measurement—measurement performed not just in the axis parallel to the road, but also in the axis in the transversal direction., Studie shrnuje poznatky z dlouhodobého sledování vozovky na vybraných úsecích komunikací s nižší intenzitou dopravy. Výzkum zahrnoval porovnání modulů pružnosti jako návrhového parametru nestmelených materiálů pro podkladní vrstvy vozovky, stanovených v laboratoři zkušebním zařízením pro cyklickou triaxiální zkoušku a in situ zkouškou rázovým zatěžovacím zařízením (FWD). Konkrétně byly porovnány moduly pružnosti stanovené v laboratoři cyklickým triaxiálním testem se skutečnými hodnotami modulů pružnosti naměřenými FWD. K určení modulů pružnosti bylo použito nové, unikátní a inovativní zařízení FWD. Inovace spočívala ve dvouosém měření průhybu – měření prováděné nejen v ose rovnoběžné s vozovkou, ale také v ose v příčném směru.

Plant roots have been shown to improve the soil resistance to liquefaction upon cyclic loading. However, the effect of roots and their orientations on any changes in soil anisotropy and the mechanisms of dissipated energy involved at liquefaction state are not clear. This study applied the energy-based method to evaluate the liquefaction behavior of rooted soils of varying root volume ratios (RVRs). Results of 12 undrained cyclic triaxial tests on rooted soils published in the literature were reinterpreted under this energy framework. The assessment showed that the normalized cumulative dissipated energy (W/sc', where sc' is the effective confining pressure) of rooted soil at liquefaction state can be related to the cyclic resistance ratio at 15 cycles (CRR15). It was discovered that roots that were predominantly orientated in the direction perpendicular to the major principal stress of extension path reduced soil anisotropy. Additionally, the W/sc' was linearly correlated with the normalized cumulative strain energy (?4W/sc') with a gradient of approximately 2, which implies that any recycling and recovering of strain energy was minimal in rooted soils. © 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Plant roots have been shown to improve the soil resistance to liquefaction upon cyclic loading. However, the effect of roots and their orientations on any changes in soil anisotropy and the mechanisms of dissipated energy involved at liquefaction state are not clear. This study applied the energy-based method to evaluate the liquefaction behavior of rooted soils of varying root volume ratios (RVRs). Results of 12 undrained cyclic triaxial tests on rooted soils published in the literature were reinterpreted under this energy framework. The assessment showed that the normalized cumulative dissipated energy (W/sc', where sc' is the effective confining pressure) of rooted soil at liquefaction state can be related to the cyclic resistance ratio at 15 cycles (CRR15). It was discovered that roots that were predominantly orientated in the direction perpendicular to the major principal stress of extension path reduced soil anisotropy. Additionally, the W/sc' was linearly correlated with the normalized cumulative strain energy (?4W/sc') with a gradient of approximately 2, which implies that any recycling and recovering of strain energy was minimal in rooted soils. © 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Our study summarizes findings from a long-term monitoring of pavement on selected road sections with lower traffic intensity. The research involved the comparison of resilient moduli as a design parameter of unbound pavement base layers’ unbound granular materials (UGMs), determined in a laboratory by a test device for a cyclical triaxial test and in situ by impact load test using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). In particular, the resilient moduli determined in the laboratory by a cyclic triaxial test (Mr,CTT) were compared with the real values of resilient moduli measured by FWD (Mr,FWD). A new, unique, and innovative FWD device was used to determine the Mr,FWD of the UGMs. The innovation lay in the dual-axis deflection measurement—measurement performed not just in the axis parallel to the road, but also in the axis in the transversal direction., Studie shrnuje poznatky z dlouhodobého sledování vozovky na vybraných úsecích komunikací s nižší intenzitou dopravy. Výzkum zahrnoval porovnání modulů pružnosti jako návrhového parametru nestmelených materiálů pro podkladní vrstvy vozovky, stanovených v laboratoři zkušebním zařízením pro cyklickou triaxiální zkoušku a in situ zkouškou rázovým zatěžovacím zařízením (FWD). Konkrétně byly porovnány moduly pružnosti stanovené v laboratoři cyklickým triaxiálním testem se skutečnými hodnotami modulů pružnosti naměřenými FWD. K určení modulů pružnosti bylo použito nové, unikátní a inovativní zařízení FWD. Inovace spočívala ve dvouosém měření průhybu – měření prováděné nejen v ose rovnoběžné s vozovkou, ale také v ose v příčném směru.

Our study summarizes findings from a long-term monitoring of pavement on selected road sections with lower traffic intensity. The research involved the comparison of resilient moduli as a design parameter of unbound pavement base layers’ unbound granular materials (UGMs), determined in a laboratory by a test device for a cyclical triaxial test and in situ by impact load test using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). In particular, the resilient moduli determined in the laboratory by a cyclic triaxial test (Mr,CTT) were compared with the real values of resilient moduli measured by FWD (Mr,FWD). A new, unique, and innovative FWD device was used to determine the Mr,FWD of the UGMs. The innovation lay in the dual-axis deflection measurement—measurement performed not just in the axis parallel to the road, but also in the axis in the transversal direction., Studie shrnuje poznatky z dlouhodobého sledování vozovky na vybraných úsecích komunikací s nižší intenzitou dopravy. Výzkum zahrnoval porovnání modulů pružnosti jako návrhového parametru nestmelených materiálů pro podkladní vrstvy vozovky, stanovených v laboratoři zkušebním zařízením pro cyklickou triaxiální zkoušku a in situ zkouškou rázovým zatěžovacím zařízením (FWD). Konkrétně byly porovnány moduly pružnosti stanovené v laboratoři cyklickým triaxiálním testem se skutečnými hodnotami modulů pružnosti naměřenými FWD. K určení modulů pružnosti bylo použito nové, unikátní a inovativní zařízení FWD. Inovace spočívala ve dvouosém měření průhybu – měření prováděné nejen v ose rovnoběžné s vozovkou, ale také v ose v příčném směru.

Plant roots have been shown to improve the soil resistance to liquefaction upon cyclic loading. However, the effect of roots and their orientations on any changes in soil anisotropy and the mechanisms of dissipated energy involved at liquefaction state are not clear. This study applied the energy-based method to evaluate the liquefaction behavior of rooted soils of varying root volume ratios (RVRs). Results of 12 undrained cyclic triaxial tests on rooted soils published in the literature were reinterpreted under this energy framework. The assessment showed that the normalized cumulative dissipated energy (W/sc', where sc' is the effective confining pressure) of rooted soil at liquefaction state can be related to the cyclic resistance ratio at 15 cycles (CRR15). It was discovered that roots that were predominantly orientated in the direction perpendicular to the major principal stress of extension path reduced soil anisotropy. Additionally, the W/sc' was linearly correlated with the normalized cumulative strain energy (?4W/sc') with a gradient of approximately 2, which implies that any recycling and recovering of strain energy was minimal in rooted soils. © 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.

The present study reviews a series of cyclic triaxial tests to investigate the liquefaction characteristics of Babolsar sand reinforced with randomly distributed fibers using an energy-based approach. The effect of fiber content, fiber length, confining pressure, and relative density were studied. The test results revealed that the addition of fibers increased the number of cycles required to liquefaction, resulting in higher cumulative dissipated energy. This accounted for the higher cyclic shear resistance of reinforced sand compared to unreinforced sand. Capacity energy is defined as cumulative dissipated energy to onset of liquefaction. The test results showed that Wliq was significantly affected by the fiber inclusion. Comparative studies demonstrated that energy-based method is a good way to evaluate liquefaction potential of fiber-reinforced sands.

The present study reviews a series of cyclic triaxial tests to investigate the liquefaction characteristics of Babolsar sand reinforced with randomly distributed fibers using an energy-based approach. The effect of fiber content, fiber length, confining pressure, and relative density were studied. The test results revealed that the addition of fibers increased the number of cycles required to liquefaction, resulting in higher cumulative dissipated energy. This accounted for the higher cyclic shear resistance of reinforced sand compared to unreinforced sand. Capacity energy is defined as cumulative dissipated energy to onset of liquefaction. The test results showed that Wliq was significantly affected by the fiber inclusion. Comparative studies demonstrated that energy-based method is a good way to evaluate liquefaction potential of fiber-reinforced sands.

The present study reviews a series of cyclic triaxial tests to investigate the liquefaction characteristics of Babolsar sand reinforced with randomly distributed fibers using an energy-based approach. The effect of fiber content, fiber length, confining pressure, and relative density were studied. The test results revealed that the addition of fibers increased the number of cycles required to liquefaction, resulting in higher cumulative dissipated energy. This accounted for the higher cyclic shear resistance of reinforced sand compared to unreinforced sand. Capacity energy is defined as cumulative dissipated energy to onset of liquefaction. The test results showed that Wliq was significantly affected by the fiber inclusion. Comparative studies demonstrated that energy-based method is a good way to evaluate liquefaction potential of fiber-reinforced sands.

[EN] Over the last years rubber from scrap tyres has been reused in different civil works such as road embankments and railway platforms due to its resilient properties, low degradation and vibration attenuation. Unfortunately, this issue is still scarce. For instance, in Spain about 175.000 tonnes of scrap tyres were collected in 2014, of which only 0.6% were reused in civil works. Aiming to contribute to the reutilisation of large quantities of this waste material, this paper focuses on the analysis of unbound mixtures of granular materials with different percentages of rubber particles to be used as subballast layers. Mixtures are tested under cyclic triaxial tests so as to obtain their resilient modulus and evaluate their permanent deformations. It is found that as the rubber content increases, the resilient modulus decreases and the permanent deformation increases. Taking into account the usual loads transmitted to the subballast layer, the optimum rubber content that does not compromise the behaviour of the mixture is set in a range between 2.5% and 5% in terms of weight. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

[EN] Over the last years rubber from scrap tyres has been reused in different civil works such as road embankments and railway platforms due to its resilient properties, low degradation and vibration attenuation. Unfortunately, this issue is still scarce. For instance, in Spain about 175.000 tonnes of scrap tyres were collected in 2014, of which only 0.6% were reused in civil works. Aiming to contribute to the reutilisation of large quantities of this waste material, this paper focuses on the analysis of unbound mixtures of granular materials with different percentages of rubber particles to be used as subballast layers. Mixtures are tested under cyclic triaxial tests so as to obtain their resilient modulus and evaluate their permanent deformations. It is found that as the rubber content increases, the resilient modulus decreases and the permanent deformation increases. Taking into account the usual loads transmitted to the subballast layer, the optimum rubber content that does not compromise the behaviour of the mixture is set in a range between 2.5% and 5% in terms of weight. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

During vibratory sheet piling quite often the soil near the sheet pile wall will settle. In many cases this is not a problem. For situations with houses, pipelines, roads or railroads at relative short distance these settlements may not be acceptable. The purpose of the research described in this thesis is to develop a model that is capable of predicting the settlement due to vibratory sheet piling with reasonable accuracy. The research is limited to sheet piling in sand. First a description is given of the processes during vibratory sheet piling. From this description the main mechanisms that are responsible for the settlement during vibratory sheet piling are identified. These are the densification of the soil and the displacement of a soil volume due to the volume of the sheet pile. Presently available models to predict the settlement are described and commented. It is concluded that all models possess some shortcomings. As densification is one of the main causes for the settlement much attention is paid to the behaviour of sand during cyclic loading. Available models to predict the densification for large numbers of loading cycles are described. Attention is paid to the combined effect of generation and dissipation of excess pore pressure. To supplement the findings from the literature a series of cyclic triaxial tests is performed to clarify some aspects. These tests show that the history of the sand greatly influences the behaviour during cyclic loading. A numerical model is developed that takes into account the different sub processes during vibratory sheet piling (interface behaviour sheet pile - soil, propagation of vibrations, densification, dissipation excess pore pressure and summation of the local volume strains). For the propagation and the densification different options are considered and implemented. The selected constitutive models are extended to handle both undrained and drained soil behaviour. To validate the developed model a well instrumented, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

During vibratory sheet piling quite often the soil near the sheet pile wall will settle. In many cases this is not a problem. For situations with houses, pipelines, roads or railroads at relative short distance these settlements may not be acceptable. The purpose of the research described in this thesis is to develop a model that is capable of predicting the settlement due to vibratory sheet piling with reasonable accuracy. The research is limited to sheet piling in sand. First a description is given of the processes during vibratory sheet piling. From this description the main mechanisms that are responsible for the settlement during vibratory sheet piling are identified. These are the densification of the soil and the displacement of a soil volume due to the volume of the sheet pile. Presently available models to predict the settlement are described and commented. It is concluded that all models possess some shortcomings. As densification is one of the main causes for the settlement much attention is paid to the behaviour of sand during cyclic loading. Available models to predict the densification for large numbers of loading cycles are described. Attention is paid to the combined effect of generation and dissipation of excess pore pressure. To supplement the findings from the literature a series of cyclic triaxial tests is performed to clarify some aspects. These tests show that the history of the sand greatly influences the behaviour during cyclic loading. A numerical model is developed that takes into account the different sub processes during vibratory sheet piling (interface behaviour sheet pile - soil, propagation of vibrations, densification, dissipation excess pore pressure and summation of the local volume strains). For the propagation and the densification different options are considered and implemented. The selected constitutive models are extended to handle both undrained and drained soil behaviour. To validate the developed model a well instrumented, Civil Engineering and Geosciences

The presence of silt and clay particles has long been thought to affect the behavior of a sand under cyclic loading. Unfortunately, a review of studies published in the literature reveals that no clear conclusions can be drawn as to how altering fines content and plasticity actually affects the liquefaction resistance of a sand. In fact, the literature contains what appears to be contradictory evidence. There is a need to clarify the effects of fines content and plasticity on the liquefaction resistance of sandy soils, and to determine methods for accounting for these effects in engineering practice. In order to help answer these questions, a program of research in the form of a laboratory parametric study intended to clarify the effects which varying fines content and plasticity have upon the liquefaction resistance of sandy sands was undertaken. The program of research consisted of a large number of cyclic triaxial tests performed on two sands with varying quantities of plastic and non-plastic fines. The program of research also examined the applicability of plasticity based liquefaction criteria and the effects of fines content and plasticity on pore pressure generation. Lastly, a review of how the findings of this study may affect the manner in which simplified analyses are performed in engineering practice was made. The results of the study performed are used to clarify the effects of non-plastic fines content and resolve the majority of the inconsistencies in the literature. The effects of plastic fines content and fines plasticity are shown to be different than has been previously reported. The validity of plasticity based liquefaction criteria is established, the mechanism responsible for their validity is explained, and a new simplified criteria proposed. The effects of fines content and plasticity on pore pressure generation are discussed, and several recommendations are made for implementing the findings of this study into engineering practice.

Diplomová práca sa zaoberá experimentálnym stanovením modulu pružnosti cyklickou triaxiálnou skúškou vybraných nestmelených zmesí konštrukčných vrstiev vozovky. Dôvodom je overiť, či návrhové moduly pružnosti v predpise TP 170, ktoré vychádzajú zo štatisticky overených údajov, starých niekoľko desiatok rokov, odpovedajú realite súčasnosti. Ďalej sa práca venuje závislostiam medzi nameranými a vypočítanými hodnotami modulu pružnosti Er z cyklickej triaxiálnej skúšky a skúškami CBR. Pre klasifikáciu vybraných materiálov sú v práci použité aj ďalšie skúšky ako stanovenie zrnitosti a zhutniteľnosti., The thesis deals with the experimental determination of the resilient modulus using cyclic triaxial test with the selected unbound mixtures of the base course of the pavement. The aim is to verify whether the proposed modulus-resilient in the regulation TP 170 based on the statisticaly verified data dating several decades ago is still valid in the present. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the dependence between the measured and the calculated values of the modulus resilient Mr from the cyclic triaxial test and the California Bearing Ratio tests. For the classification of the selected materials, further tests are used in the thesis, such as granularity and compaction tests.

Diplomová práca sa zaoberá experimentálnym stanovením modulu pružnosti cyklickou triaxiálnou skúškou vybraných nestmelených zmesí konštrukčných vrstiev vozovky. Dôvodom je overiť, či návrhové moduly pružnosti v predpise TP 170, ktoré vychádzajú zo štatisticky overených údajov, starých niekoľko desiatok rokov, odpovedajú realite súčasnosti. Ďalej sa práca venuje závislostiam medzi nameranými a vypočítanými hodnotami modulu pružnosti Er z cyklickej triaxiálnej skúšky a skúškami CBR. Pre klasifikáciu vybraných materiálov sú v práci použité aj ďalšie skúšky ako stanovenie zrnitosti a zhutniteľnosti., The thesis deals with the experimental determination of the resilient modulus using cyclic triaxial test with the selected unbound mixtures of the base course of the pavement. The aim is to verify whether the proposed modulus-resilient in the regulation TP 170 based on the statisticaly verified data dating several decades ago is still valid in the present. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the dependence between the measured and the calculated values of the modulus resilient Mr from the cyclic triaxial test and the California Bearing Ratio tests. For the classification of the selected materials, further tests are used in the thesis, such as granularity and compaction tests.

V teoretické části diplomové práce jsou obecně charakterizovány směsi stmelené hydraulickými pojivy, jejich typy, systémy klasifikace, technologie výroby a samotné pokládky. Dále jsou popsány zahraniční zkušenosti s využitím druhotných a recyklovaných materiálů do hydraulicky stmelených směsí. Praktická část se zabývá experimentálním ověřením možnosti využití druhotných surovin do směsí stmelených hydraulickými pojivy v konstrukci vozovky pozemní komunikace. V silniční laboratoři Ústavu pozemních komunikací Vysokého učení technického v Brně bylo na pěti navržených směsích provedeno posouzení jejich parametrů s ohledem na možnost použití těchto směsí v podkladních vrstvách vozovky. Práce je rovněž zaměřena na srovnání výsledků modulů pružnosti zjištěných laboratorním zkoušením a měřením na pokusném silničním polygonu., In the theoretical part of the thesis are generally characterized hydraulically bound mixtures, their types, classification systems, manufacturing technology and the laying. There are also described experiences from abroad with the use secondary and recycled materials in hydraulically bound mixtures. The practical part deals with the experimental verification of the possibility of the use of secondary materials in hydraulically bound mixtures in construction of road infrastructure. In road laboratory Institute of road structures Brno university of technology was the five proposed mixtures, an assessment of their parameters with regard to the possibility of using these mixtures in the road sub-base layers. The work is also aimed at comparison of results elasticity modules reached laboratory testing and experimental measurements on road polygon.

Diplomová práca sa zaoberá experimentálnym stanovením modulu pružnosti cyklickou triaxiálnou skúškou vybraných nestmelených zmesí konštrukčných vrstiev vozovky. Dôvodom je overiť, či návrhové moduly pružnosti v predpise TP 170, ktoré vychádzajú zo štatisticky overených údajov, starých niekoľko desiatok rokov, odpovedajú realite súčasnosti. Ďalej sa práca venuje závislostiam medzi nameranými a vypočítanými hodnotami modulu pružnosti Er z cyklickej triaxiálnej skúšky a skúškami CBR. Pre klasifikáciu vybraných materiálov sú v práci použité aj ďalšie skúšky ako stanovenie zrnitosti a zhutniteľnosti., The thesis deals with the experimental determination of the resilient modulus using cyclic triaxial test with the selected unbound mixtures of the base course of the pavement. The aim is to verify whether the proposed modulus-resilient in the regulation TP 170 based on the statisticaly verified data dating several decades ago is still valid in the present. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the dependence between the measured and the calculated values of the modulus resilient Mr from the cyclic triaxial test and the California Bearing Ratio tests. For the classification of the selected materials, further tests are used in the thesis, such as granularity and compaction tests.

V teoretické části diplomové práce jsou obecně charakterizovány směsi stmelené hydraulickými pojivy, jejich typy, systémy klasifikace, technologie výroby a samotné pokládky. Dále jsou popsány zahraniční zkušenosti s využitím druhotných a recyklovaných materiálů do hydraulicky stmelených směsí. Praktická část se zabývá experimentálním ověřením možnosti využití druhotných surovin do směsí stmelených hydraulickými pojivy v konstrukci vozovky pozemní komunikace. V silniční laboratoři Ústavu pozemních komunikací Vysokého učení technického v Brně bylo na pěti navržených směsích provedeno posouzení jejich parametrů s ohledem na možnost použití těchto směsí v podkladních vrstvách vozovky. Práce je rovněž zaměřena na srovnání výsledků modulů pružnosti zjištěných laboratorním zkoušením a měřením na pokusném silničním polygonu., In the theoretical part of the thesis are generally characterized hydraulically bound mixtures, their types, classification systems, manufacturing technology and the laying. There are also described experiences from abroad with the use secondary and recycled materials in hydraulically bound mixtures. The practical part deals with the experimental verification of the possibility of the use of secondary materials in hydraulically bound mixtures in construction of road infrastructure. In road laboratory Institute of road structures Brno university of technology was the five proposed mixtures, an assessment of their parameters with regard to the possibility of using these mixtures in the road sub-base layers. The work is also aimed at comparison of results elasticity modules reached laboratory testing and experimental measurements on road polygon.

Diplomová práca sa zaoberá experimentálnym stanovením modulu pružnosti cyklickou triaxiálnou skúškou vybraných nestmelených zmesí konštrukčných vrstiev vozovky. Dôvodom je overiť, či návrhové moduly pružnosti v predpise TP 170, ktoré vychádzajú zo štatisticky overených údajov, starých niekoľko desiatok rokov, odpovedajú realite súčasnosti. Ďalej sa práca venuje závislostiam medzi nameranými a vypočítanými hodnotami modulu pružnosti Er z cyklickej triaxiálnej skúšky a skúškami CBR. Pre klasifikáciu vybraných materiálov sú v práci použité aj ďalšie skúšky ako stanovenie zrnitosti a zhutniteľnosti., The thesis deals with the experimental determination of the resilient modulus using cyclic triaxial test with the selected unbound mixtures of the base course of the pavement. The aim is to verify whether the proposed modulus-resilient in the regulation TP 170 based on the statisticaly verified data dating several decades ago is still valid in the present. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the dependence between the measured and the calculated values of the modulus resilient Mr from the cyclic triaxial test and the California Bearing Ratio tests. For the classification of the selected materials, further tests are used in the thesis, such as granularity and compaction tests.

V teoretické části diplomové práce jsou obecně charakterizovány směsi stmelené hydraulickými pojivy, jejich typy, systémy klasifikace, technologie výroby a samotné pokládky. Dále jsou popsány zahraniční zkušenosti s využitím druhotných a recyklovaných materiálů do hydraulicky stmelených směsí. Praktická část se zabývá experimentálním ověřením možnosti využití druhotných surovin do směsí stmelených hydraulickými pojivy v konstrukci vozovky pozemní komunikace. V silniční laboratoři Ústavu pozemních komunikací Vysokého učení technického v Brně bylo na pěti navržených směsích provedeno posouzení jejich parametrů s ohledem na možnost použití těchto směsí v podkladních vrstvách vozovky. Práce je rovněž zaměřena na srovnání výsledků modulů pružnosti zjištěných laboratorním zkoušením a měřením na pokusném silničním polygonu., In the theoretical part of the thesis are generally characterized hydraulically bound mixtures, their types, classification systems, manufacturing technology and the laying. There are also described experiences from abroad with the use secondary and recycled materials in hydraulically bound mixtures. The practical part deals with the experimental verification of the possibility of the use of secondary materials in hydraulically bound mixtures in construction of road infrastructure. In road laboratory Institute of road structures Brno university of technology was the five proposed mixtures, an assessment of their parameters with regard to the possibility of using these mixtures in the road sub-base layers. The work is also aimed at comparison of results elasticity modules reached laboratory testing and experimental measurements on road polygon.

Diplomová práca sa zaoberá experimentálnym stanovením modulu pružnosti cyklickou triaxiálnou skúškou vybraných nestmelených zmesí konštrukčných vrstiev vozovky. Dôvodom je overiť, či návrhové moduly pružnosti v predpise TP 170, ktoré vychádzajú zo štatisticky overených údajov, starých niekoľko desiatok rokov, odpovedajú realite súčasnosti. Ďalej sa práca venuje závislostiam medzi nameranými a vypočítanými hodnotami modulu pružnosti Er z cyklickej triaxiálnej skúšky a skúškami CBR. Pre klasifikáciu vybraných materiálov sú v práci použité aj ďalšie skúšky ako stanovenie zrnitosti a zhutniteľnosti., The thesis deals with the experimental determination of the resilient modulus using cyclic triaxial test with the selected unbound mixtures of the base course of the pavement. The aim is to verify whether the proposed modulus-resilient in the regulation TP 170 based on the statisticaly verified data dating several decades ago is still valid in the present. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the dependence between the measured and the calculated values of the modulus resilient Mr from the cyclic triaxial test and the California Bearing Ratio tests. For the classification of the selected materials, further tests are used in the thesis, such as granularity and compaction tests.

V teoretické části diplomové práce jsou obecně charakterizovány směsi stmelené hydraulickými pojivy, jejich typy, systémy klasifikace, technologie výroby a samotné pokládky. Dále jsou popsány zahraniční zkušenosti s využitím druhotných a recyklovaných materiálů do hydraulicky stmelených směsí. Praktická část se zabývá experimentálním ověřením možnosti využití druhotných surovin do směsí stmelených hydraulickými pojivy v konstrukci vozovky pozemní komunikace. V silniční laboratoři Ústavu pozemních komunikací Vysokého učení technického v Brně bylo na pěti navržených směsích provedeno posouzení jejich parametrů s ohledem na možnost použití těchto směsí v podkladních vrstvách vozovky. Práce je rovněž zaměřena na srovnání výsledků modulů pružnosti zjištěných laboratorním zkoušením a měřením na pokusném silničním polygonu., In the theoretical part of the thesis are generally characterized hydraulically bound mixtures, their types, classification systems, manufacturing technology and the laying. There are also described experiences from abroad with the use secondary and recycled materials in hydraulically bound mixtures. The practical part deals with the experimental verification of the possibility of the use of secondary materials in hydraulically bound mixtures in construction of road infrastructure. In road laboratory Institute of road structures Brno university of technology was the five proposed mixtures, an assessment of their parameters with regard to the possibility of using these mixtures in the road sub-base layers. The work is also aimed at comparison of results elasticity modules reached laboratory testing and experimental measurements on road polygon.