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Bakalářská práce s názvem "Reklama a sponzoring v českém hokejovém prostředí" se zabývá analýzou marketingového prostředí v českém hokeji. V první kapitole jsou vymezeny pojmy související se sportem a jeho financováním, druhá kapitola se zabývá reklamou a sponzoringem ve sportovním prostředí. Třetí kapitola obsahuje analýzu sponzorů a reklamních partnerů Tipsport extraligy ledního hokeje a Univerzitní ligy ledního hokeje. V poslední kapitole je obsažena komparace analyzovaných lig a doporučení pro hokejový tým z nižší soutěže., The bachelor thesis entitled "Advertising and sponsorship in the Czech hockey environment" deals with the analysis of the marketing environment in Czech hockey. The first chapter defines concepts related to sport and its financing, the second chapter deals with advertising and sponsorship in the sport environment. The third chapter contains the analysis of sponsors and advertising partners of the Tipsport ice hockey extraliga and the University ice hockey league. The last chapter contains a comparison of the analysed leagues and recommendations for minor hockey team., Fakulta ekonomicko-správní, Studentka přednesla obhajobu práce s názvem: Reklama a sponzoring v českém hokejovém prostředí. Cílem práce bylo analyzovat zdroje možných příjmů sportovních klubů v oblasti českého sportu, a to s akcentem na reklamu a sponzoring v českém hokejovém prostředí. Součástí práce je vymezení pojmů reklama a sponzoring, včetně zdůvodnění jejich významu ve sportovním prostředí. V rámci analytické části došlo ke zhodnocení důležitosti reklamy a sponzoringu v hokejovém prostředí a k identifikaci rozdílů mezi vybranými hokejovými ligami v ČR. Během rozpravy byl položen dotaz dle posudku vedoucího bakalářské práce: Otázka č. 1: Vaše doporučení jsou primárně směřována týmu Riders Univerzita Pardubice. Předložila jste tyto návrhy i marketingovému a PR manažerovi týmu, se kterým jste byla v průběhu psaní Vaší práce v kontaktu? Studentka na otázku reagovala., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

In den letzten Jahren hat die Nutzung sozialer Medien weltweit einen bemerkenswerten Aufschwung erlebt. Plattformen wie Facebook, Instagram, Twitter und YouTube sind aus dem Alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die immense Nutzung der sozialen Medien gibt Sport- und Alpenvereinen die Chance, mit ihren Zielgruppen in Kontakt zu treten und die Vorteile einer Vereinsmitgliedschaft auf eine noch nie dagewesene Art und Weise zu bewerben. Diese Masterarbeit beschreibt deshalb zunächst die Grundlagen von Unternehmens- und Sportvereinskommunikation sowie von Social Media. Anschließend werden diese Erkenntnisse auf zwei Bergsportvereine, die Sektionen München und Oberland des Deutschen Alpenvereins e.V. und den Österreichischen Alpenverein, übertragen. In der Masterarbeit werden sowohl die aktuelle Zielgruppe als auch die gegenwärtigen Ziele der Social Media Kommunikation der beiden Vereine dargestellt. Durch eine medienwissenschaftliche Analyse wird zudem analysiert, welche verschiedenen Arten von Instagram Beiträgen die Vereine veröffentlichen und welche Resonanz diese bei der/den Zielgruppe(n) hervorrufen. Dadurch wird ergänzend ermittelt, ob die durch die Literatur formulierten Handlungsempfehlungen für die Vereins- und Unternehmenskommunikation via Social Media in der Praxis tatsächlich Bestand haben. Daraus werden abschließend Kriterien für eine effektive Kommunikation von Bergsportvereinen über Instagram entwickelt., In recent years, the world has witnessed a remarkable surge in social media usage. Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube have become an integral part of everyday life. The immense use of social media offers sports and alpine clubs the opportunity to engage with their target audiences and promote the benefits of club membership in an unprecedented way. Therefore, this master’s thesis first describes the basics of corporate and sports club communication and of social media. These findings are then applied to two alpine clubs, to the Munich and the Oberland sections of the German Alpine Club and to the Austrian Alpine Club. In the master's thesis, both the current target group and the current objectives of the social media communication of the two associations are presented. A media science based analysis is applied to analyze the different types of Instagram posts published by the associations and the response these posts generate among the target group(s). This will also determine whether the recommendations for practice established in the literature for sports club and corporate communication via social media are actually valid. Finally, criteria for effective communication by alpine clubs via Instagram are developed from the results of the analysis., Johanna Roth, Masterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 2024

Innebandyklubben Storvreta IBK leder publikligan i Svenska Superligan och har länge haft höga publiksiffror. Detta bevisar att Storvreta IBK har ett attraktivt evenemang att erbjuda och andra klubbar har tagit inspiration från dem kring upplägg och liknande. Denna undersökning syftar till att beskriva och analysera hur Storvreta IBK arbetar med marknadsföringsmixen för att skapa ett attraktivt evenemang. Marknadsföringsmixen består av de sju komponenterna produkt, pris, plats, påverkan, personal, process och påtaglighet. För att besvara syftet har intervjuer gjorts med Storvreta IBK:s försäljnings- och marknadschef, en från arrangemangsgruppen och tre åskådare. De tre åskådarna var från de olika urvalsgrupperna en som hade säsongskort, en som går 5–6 matcher per säsong och en som går 2–3 matcher per säsong. Förutom intervjuerna har även matchevenemangen observerats och datamaterial som finns tillgängligt på internet har tagits i beaktning. Utifrån det insamlade datamaterialet kan det konstateras att Storvreta IBK arbetar med marknadsföringsmixens samtliga komponenter för att skapa ett attraktivt evenemang. Arbetet med respektive komponent sker dock i olika grad. Det råder en enighet kring att respondenterna tycker att alla eller flera komponenter påverkar helhetsuppfattningen av evenemanget. Däremot är de oense kring vilka komponenter som har störst respektive minst betydelse. Detta är i enlighet med tidigare empiriska studier som flertalet gånger konstaterar att olika åskådare tycker olika komponenter är viktiga. Även resultatet kring vilken komponent som har störst betydelse skiljer sig i olika undersökningar. Detta bekräftar tidigare empiriska studier som menar att varje idrottsklubb har sina egna förutsättningar och utmaningar. Varje idrottsklubb bör hitta sin optimala sammansättning av komponenterna för att nå sina mål., The floorball club Storvreta IBK leads the audience league in the Swedish Super League and has had high attendance figures for a long time. This proves that Storvreta IBK has an attractive event to offer and other clubs have taken inspiration from them regarding arrangements and the like. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze how Storvreta IBK works with the marketing mix to create an attractive event. The marketing mix consists of the seven components product, price, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. To answer the purpose, interviews have been made with Storvreta IBK's sales and marketing manager, one from the event group and three spectators. The three spectators were from the different selection groups, one who had a season ticket, one who attends 5-6 games per season and one who attends 2-3 games per season. In addition to the interviews, the match events have also been observed and data material available on the internet has been taken into account. Based on the collected data, it can be concluded that Storvreta IBK works with all the components of the marketing mix to create an attractive event. However, the work on each component varies to some degrees. There is a consensus that the respondents think that all or several components affect the overall perception of the event. On the other hand, they disagree about which components have the greatest and least impact. This is in accordance with previous empirical studies that have repeatedly stated that different spectators think different components are important. The results regarding which component is most important also differ in different surveys. This confirms previous empirical studies that suggest that each sports club has its own conditions and challenges. Each sports club should find its optimal composition of the components to achieve its goals.

Bakalářská práce pojmenovaná "Analýza hospodaření sportovního klubu FK Chrudim" se zabývá financováním a hospodařením sportovních klubů v České republice. Především se zaměřuje na analýzu hospodaření klubů. V první kapitole jsou vymezeny základní pojmy související s ekonomickými aspekty sportu. Druhá kapitola se koncentruje na financovaní sportovních klubů. V následující kapitole je zanalyzováno hospodaření futsalového týmu FK Chrudim. V poslední kapitole jsou pak navržena doporučení, která vycházejí z analýzy hospodaření v předchozí kapitole., This bachelor's thesis entitled "Analysis of the management of the sports club FK Chrudim" deals with the financing and management of sports clubs in the Czech Republic. It primarily focuses on the analysis of club management. In the first chapter, basic terms related to the issue of economic aspects will be defined. The second chapter discusses the financing of sports clubs. The following chapter analyzes the management of the FK Chrudim futsal team. And in the last chapter, a solution is proposed, which is based on the management analysis in the previous chapter., Fakulta ekonomicko-správní, Student přednesl obhajobu práce s názvem: Analýza hospodaření sportovního klubu FK Chrudim. Cílem práce bylo analyzovat hospodaření sportovního klubu FK Chrudim. V teoretické části se student zaměřil na problematiku financování sportovních klubů v České republice, a to s akcentem na futsal. V analytické části byl zanalyzován klub FK Chrudim. Student taktéž navrhnul možná doporučení na zlepšení finanční situace klubu. Během rozpravy byly položeny dotazy dle posudku vedoucího bakalářské práce: Otázka č. 1: Ve čtvrté části uvádíte řadu doporučení pro klub, mimo jiné také propagaci a prezentaci. Jakým způsobem v současné době probíhají tyto aktivity v klubu, pokud vůbec? Jak by je mohl daný klub zlepšit? Konzultoval jste Vaše doporučení se zástupci klubu? Následně byly položeny doplňující dotazy: Otázka č. 2: Jako doporučení uvádíte sociální sítě. Mohl byste jejich konkrétní využití blíže rozvést (strategie, obsah)? Otázka č. 3: Existují dlouhodobější rozpočtové plány sportovního klubu FK Chrudim? Otázka č. 4: Lze změnit rozpočtové plánování klubu směrem k dlouhodobější koncepci? Otázka č. 5: Dokážete blíže specifikovat cizí zdroje klubu, které v práci uvádíte? Student na otázky reagoval., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou komunikace ve sportovních klubech a spolupráce se sponzory. První část se věnuje pojetím sponzoringu ve sportu, důležitost se klade především na popis vztahů se sponzory, které pomáhají vytvořit pozitivní atmosféru. Sponzoringu pomáhají také marketingové aktivity. Druhá část je zaměřena na identifikaci partnerů HC Dynamo Pardubice a průběh vyjednávání smluv. Výběrem optimální strategie SWOT analýzy se zjistí, v jakých činnostech klub vyniká a kde naopak ztrácí., This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of communication in sports clubs and cooperation with sponsors. The first part introduces the concept of sponsorship in sports, importance is laid primarily on the description of relationships with sponsors that help to create a positive atmosphere. Marketing activities also help with sponsorship. The second part is focused on the identification of HC Dynamo Pardubice partners and the process of negotiating contracts. After choosing the optimal SWOT Analysis strategy, it will be determined in which activities the club stands out at and where, on the contrary, the club loses., Fakulta ekonomicko-správní, Student přednesl téma své BP Komunikace se sponzory ve sportu Otázky vedoucího BP: 1. Jaká doporučení pro komunikaci sportovních klubů autor vnímá jako nejzásadnější? 2. Autor dále může uvést, z jakých podkladů čerpal informace pro SWOT analýzu. Otázky komise: 1. Navrhujete jednotný vzhled dresů ; myslíte si, že sponzoři budou souhlasit? Pro koho by to mělo přínos? Máte nějakou inspiraci u úspěšných klubů, kde to takto funguje? Student na otázky reagoval, hodnocení komise souhlasí s návrhem vedoucí práce., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou

Background: The Convention on the Rights of the Child, which was ratified in 1989, provides a clear normative foundation for the protection of children from violence, abuse and exploitation. However, despite efforts to protect children, many children and adolescents become victims of sexual violence. Representative studies such as the Optimus studies 2012 and 2018 (Schmid, 2018) show that sexual abuse is high in Switzerland, accounting for 15.2% of the primary forms of child welfare endangerment. Sports as well as youth and leisure clubs offer great potential for the prevention of sexual violence against children and adolescents. However, little is known about their current prevention practices and parents’ perspectives. Methods: To assess the competences and actual implementation of measures in the area of prevention of sexual violence against children and adolescents as well as the need for prevention services of institutions in the out-of-school sector of the canton of Zurich, an online-survey was conducted among representatives of sports clubs (n = 324), youth associations (n = 33), open child and youth work (n = 42) and parents of children and adolescents who are members of one of these clubs or associations (n = 580) between February 9th and April 13th 2021. Results: Sports clubs, youth associations, open child and youth work as well as parents consider the prevention of sexual violence to be a very relevant topic and participants rated their competences in finding, understanding, assessing and applying relevant information about this topic as rather high or high. However, the current implementation of prevention measures in the participating organizations shows that there is are still barriers to implementation, space for improvement in prevention work and a need for support in developing and implementing prevention measures among the organizations. Conclusions: The high degree of agreement in the assessments of the current situation and the postulated need f

Innebandyklubben Storvreta IBK leder publikligan i Svenska Superligan och har länge haft höga publiksiffror. Detta bevisar att Storvreta IBK har ett attraktivt evenemang att erbjuda och andra klubbar har tagit inspiration från dem kring upplägg och liknande. Denna undersökning syftar till att beskriva och analysera hur Storvreta IBK arbetar med marknadsföringsmixen för att skapa ett attraktivt evenemang. Marknadsföringsmixen består av de sju komponenterna produkt, pris, plats, påverkan, personal, process och påtaglighet. För att besvara syftet har intervjuer gjorts med Storvreta IBK:s försäljnings- och marknadschef, en från arrangemangsgruppen och tre åskådare. De tre åskådarna var från de olika urvalsgrupperna en som hade säsongskort, en som går 5–6 matcher per säsong och en som går 2–3 matcher per säsong. Förutom intervjuerna har även matchevenemangen observerats och datamaterial som finns tillgängligt på internet har tagits i beaktning. Utifrån det insamlade datamaterialet kan det konstateras att Storvreta IBK arbetar med marknadsföringsmixens samtliga komponenter för att skapa ett attraktivt evenemang. Arbetet med respektive komponent sker dock i olika grad. Det råder en enighet kring att respondenterna tycker att alla eller flera komponenter påverkar helhetsuppfattningen av evenemanget. Däremot är de oense kring vilka komponenter som har störst respektive minst betydelse. Detta är i enlighet med tidigare empiriska studier som flertalet gånger konstaterar att olika åskådare tycker olika komponenter är viktiga. Även resultatet kring vilken komponent som har störst betydelse skiljer sig i olika undersökningar. Detta bekräftar tidigare empiriska studier som menar att varje idrottsklubb har sina egna förutsättningar och utmaningar. Varje idrottsklubb bör hitta sin optimala sammansättning av komponenterna för att nå sina mål., The floorball club Storvreta IBK leads the audience league in the Swedish Super League and has had high attendance figures for a long time. This proves that Storvreta IBK has an attractive event to offer and other clubs have taken inspiration from them regarding arrangements and the like. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze how Storvreta IBK works with the marketing mix to create an attractive event. The marketing mix consists of the seven components product, price, place, promotion, people, process and physical evidence. To answer the purpose, interviews have been made with Storvreta IBK's sales and marketing manager, one from the event group and three spectators. The three spectators were from the different selection groups, one who had a season ticket, one who attends 5-6 games per season and one who attends 2-3 games per season. In addition to the interviews, the match events have also been observed and data material available on the internet has been taken into account. Based on the collected data, it can be concluded that Storvreta IBK works with all the components of the marketing mix to create an attractive event. However, the work on each component varies to some degrees. There is a consensus that the respondents think that all or several components affect the overall perception of the event. On the other hand, they disagree about which components have the greatest and least impact. This is in accordance with previous empirical studies that have repeatedly stated that different spectators think different components are important. The results regarding which component is most important also differ in different surveys. This confirms previous empirical studies that suggest that each sports club has its own conditions and challenges. Each sports club should find its optimal composition of the components to achieve its goals.

46 p. : il. -- Bibliogr.: p. 30-33, [EUS] Kirol erakundeek azken urteetan gero eta gehiago hartzen ari dute kudeaketa on baten ardura, baita horren ebaluazioa egiteko beharra, zeinetan erdigunea bezeroa den. Lan honen helburua, Arrotxapea K.K.E. kirol klubaren bezeroek horrekiko duten pertzepzioa, asebetetzea eta kalitatea ezagutzea da. Hau aurrera eramateko jarduera gidatuetan parte hartzen duten bezeroei bideratua dagoen EPOD 2 galdetegia erabili da. Galdetegia 98 pertsonek erantzun zuten eta honen bidez lortutako datuak SPSS 15 programa informatikoaren bidez aztertu dira. Lehenik, lagin osoa harturik item bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta honen desbideratze estandarra atera dira. Bigarrenik, honakoan ere lagin osoa harturik datuak hiru dimentsioen (kalitatea, hautemandako balioa eta gogobetetasuna) arabera aztertu dira bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta desbideratze estandarra aztertuz. Hirugarren eta azkenik, azpi dimentsioen arabera (entrenatzaileak, instalazioak, materiala, jarduerak, komunikazioa, erakundeko langileak, gogobetetasuna eta adostasuna) miatu dira datuak, bai modu orokorrean, baita aldagai ezberdinak kontuan hartuta ere: sekzioak, interes taldeak eta bazkidetza. Ikerketa honen emaitzei dagokionez, hobekien baloratutako azpi-dimentsioak jarduerak, entrenatzaileak eta komunikazioa izan dira. Hauetatik, balorazio altuena jarduerak azpi-dimentsioak jaso du. Bestalde, balorazio txarrena jaso dutenen artean gogobetetasuna, instalazioak eta materiala daude. Honakoetan, balore baxuena gogobetetasunari dagokio. Ondorioztatu daiteke jasotako Arrotxapea K.K.E.-ko bezeroen pertzepzioa positiboa dela, baina komeni izango litzateke ikerketa errepikatzea lagin esanguratsuago batekin., [EN] In recent years, sports organizations have become increasingly responsible for good management, as well as the need of its evaluation, which is designed around the customer. The aim of this work is determining the perception, satisfaction and quality of Rochapea K.K.E. sports club’s customers. An EPOD 2 questionnaire aimed at customers participating in guided activities was used to carry the study. The questionnaire was answered by 98 people and the data obtained was analysed through the computer program SPSS 15. First, the average of each item and its standard deviation were taken from the whole sample. Second, also taking the whole sample, the data was analysed according to the three dimensions (quality, perceived value, and satisfaction) by studying the mean and standard deviation of each. Third and finally, the sub-dimensions (coaches, facilities, material, activities, communication, organizational staff, satisfaction and consensus) were surveyed, both, in general and in terms of different variables: sections, interest groups and membership. In terms of the results of the study, the best-rated sub-dimensions were activities, coaching, and communication, where the highest rating was received by the activities. On the other hand, the worst rating was received by satisfaction, facilities and material, being satisfaction the lowest value of all. It can be concluded that the perception received by customers of Rochapea K.K.E. is positive, but it would be advisable to repeat the research with a more significant sample.

46 p. : il. -- Bibliogr.: p. 30-33, [EUS] Kirol erakundeek azken urteetan gero eta gehiago hartzen ari dute kudeaketa on baten ardura, baita horren ebaluazioa egiteko beharra, zeinetan erdigunea bezeroa den. Lan honen helburua, Arrotxapea K.K.E. kirol klubaren bezeroek horrekiko duten pertzepzioa, asebetetzea eta kalitatea ezagutzea da. Hau aurrera eramateko jarduera gidatuetan parte hartzen duten bezeroei bideratua dagoen EPOD 2 galdetegia erabili da. Galdetegia 98 pertsonek erantzun zuten eta honen bidez lortutako datuak SPSS 15 programa informatikoaren bidez aztertu dira. Lehenik, lagin osoa harturik item bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta honen desbideratze estandarra atera dira. Bigarrenik, honakoan ere lagin osoa harturik datuak hiru dimentsioen (kalitatea, hautemandako balioa eta gogobetetasuna) arabera aztertu dira bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta desbideratze estandarra aztertuz. Hirugarren eta azkenik, azpi dimentsioen arabera (entrenatzaileak, instalazioak, materiala, jarduerak, komunikazioa, erakundeko langileak, gogobetetasuna eta adostasuna) miatu dira datuak, bai modu orokorrean, baita aldagai ezberdinak kontuan hartuta ere: sekzioak, interes taldeak eta bazkidetza. Ikerketa honen emaitzei dagokionez, hobekien baloratutako azpi-dimentsioak jarduerak, entrenatzaileak eta komunikazioa izan dira. Hauetatik, balorazio altuena jarduerak azpi-dimentsioak jaso du. Bestalde, balorazio txarrena jaso dutenen artean gogobetetasuna, instalazioak eta materiala daude. Honakoetan, balore baxuena gogobetetasunari dagokio. Ondorioztatu daiteke jasotako Arrotxapea K.K.E.-ko bezeroen pertzepzioa positiboa dela, baina komeni izango litzateke ikerketa errepikatzea lagin esanguratsuago batekin., [EN] In recent years, sports organizations have become increasingly responsible for good management, as well as the need of its evaluation, which is designed around the customer. The aim of this work is determining the perception, satisfaction and quality of Rochapea K.K.E. sports club’s customers. An EPOD 2 questionnaire aimed at customers participating in guided activities was used to carry the study. The questionnaire was answered by 98 people and the data obtained was analysed through the computer program SPSS 15. First, the average of each item and its standard deviation were taken from the whole sample. Second, also taking the whole sample, the data was analysed according to the three dimensions (quality, perceived value, and satisfaction) by studying the mean and standard deviation of each. Third and finally, the sub-dimensions (coaches, facilities, material, activities, communication, organizational staff, satisfaction and consensus) were surveyed, both, in general and in terms of different variables: sections, interest groups and membership. In terms of the results of the study, the best-rated sub-dimensions were activities, coaching, and communication, where the highest rating was received by the activities. On the other hand, the worst rating was received by satisfaction, facilities and material, being satisfaction the lowest value of all. It can be concluded that the perception received by customers of Rochapea K.K.E. is positive, but it would be advisable to repeat the research with a more significant sample.

Mit Rückgriff auf Theorien der psychoanalytischen Sozialpsychologie geht der Autor der Doppeldeutigkeit des Fußballsports und dessen fanatischen Anhänger_innen nach. Die Analyse dient als Grundlange zur Untersuchung der unter Fußballfans vorherrschenden Geschlechterverhältnisse und des hegemonial-männlichen Vergesellschaftungsraums Fankurve. Es wird aufgezeigt, inwiefern das Stadion das psychische Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Libido und Aggressionen aufzulösen vermag. Der Blick fällt insbesondere auf die Sonderrolle der Ultras. Als zentrale Merkmale rücken der Begriff der Ehre und die konservative Mystifizierung des Sportvereins ins Analysezentrum. Diese Mechanismen dienen zunächst der Konstitution der Fankultur als männliche Instanz als auch der auf Regression und Autorität aufbauenden Gruppendynamik. In Anschluss an Freuds Theorien zur Massenpsychologie wird abschließend das Auftreten aktiver Fans untersucht. Die Betrachtung der Masse als physische als auch psychologische Einheit ermöglicht es, die widersprüchlichen Verhaltensweise aktiver Fans als auch den sozialen Anreiz und die Faszination der Fankurve nachvollziehen zu können., The article approaches the equivocation of football and the behaviour of its fanatic followers. Therefore, the author relates to theories in the field of a psychoanalytical social psychology. As a foundational research, the obtaining results of this analysis consider both, the gender relations within active fan communities and the stadium as a space of socialisation for hegemonic masculinity. Furthermore, the author reflects upon the process of disintegration of the psychological tensions between aggression and libido. In so doing, the main focus lies on the special role of the Ultras as the leading figures in the stands. Consequently, the research focusses on the concept of honour as well as the conservative mystification of the footballclub. Both mechanisms do serve the masculine formation of fandom. Hence, the author reflects on the Freudian studies of group psychology and its effects on regression and sublimation. In conclusion, the article presents a critical reflection of the authoritarian powerdynamics within the Fan- and Ultras-communities as well as an explanatory approach for the enormous social popularity of football.

Sowohl der Grundschulsport als auch das organisierte und informelle Sporttreiben im Kindesalter sind in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten mit neuartigen Herausforderungen konfrontiert und von Wandlungsprozessen erfasst worden. Neben der Berücksichtigung heterogener Lernvoraussetzungen der Schüler*innen im Fach Sport hat nicht zuletzt die Etablierung des Ganztagsunterrichts in der Grundschule eine massive Ausweitung der Kooperationen mit Sportvereinen sowie Trägern der offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit begünstigt. Die Beiträger*innen diskutieren zentrale Entwicklungslinien und Zukunftsaufgaben des Grundschulsports sowie des organisierten und informellen Kindersports.

This article explores the meanings and sporting practices of disadvantaged young people, one of the groups that has attracted most attention in the field of social inclusion through sport. The methodological approach used was a case study through participant observation and semi-structured interviews in the neighborhood of La Coma, a priority action neighborhood in the Valencian Community. The results show how the meanings that young people give to the use of their own bodies in physical practices, the relationship with rules and the use of spaces define sporting and institutional logics which, in this area of sport-integration, are interwoven in an uncoordinated way, hindering the continuity of young people's sporting experiences, which is necessary to increase the possibilities of achieving positive effects through sport in disadvantaged contexts., Este artículo explora los significados y las prácticas deportivas de los jóvenes desfavorecidos, uno de los colectivos que ha atraído más atención en el terreno de la inserción social mediante el deporte. El enfoque metodológico utilizado ha sido el estudio de caso a través de observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas en el barrio de La Coma, un barrio de acción prioritaria de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados muestran cómo los significados que los jóvenes otorgan al uso de su propio cuerpo en las prácticas físicas, la relación con las normas y el uso de los espacios definen lógicas deportivas e institucionales que, en este ámbito del deporte-inserción, se entrecruzan de forma descoordinada dificultando la continuidad de las experiencias deportivas de los jóvenes, necesaria para incrementar las posibilidades de lograr efectos positivos mediante el deporte en los contextos desfavorecidos.

46 p. : il. -- Bibliogr.: p. 30-33, [EUS] Kirol erakundeek azken urteetan gero eta gehiago hartzen ari dute kudeaketa on baten ardura, baita horren ebaluazioa egiteko beharra, zeinetan erdigunea bezeroa den. Lan honen helburua, Arrotxapea K.K.E. kirol klubaren bezeroek horrekiko duten pertzepzioa, asebetetzea eta kalitatea ezagutzea da. Hau aurrera eramateko jarduera gidatuetan parte hartzen duten bezeroei bideratua dagoen EPOD 2 galdetegia erabili da. Galdetegia 98 pertsonek erantzun zuten eta honen bidez lortutako datuak SPSS 15 programa informatikoaren bidez aztertu dira. Lehenik, lagin osoa harturik item bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta honen desbideratze estandarra atera dira. Bigarrenik, honakoan ere lagin osoa harturik datuak hiru dimentsioen (kalitatea, hautemandako balioa eta gogobetetasuna) arabera aztertu dira bakoitzaren bataz bestekoa eta desbideratze estandarra aztertuz. Hirugarren eta azkenik, azpi dimentsioen arabera (entrenatzaileak, instalazioak, materiala, jarduerak, komunikazioa, erakundeko langileak, gogobetetasuna eta adostasuna) miatu dira datuak, bai modu orokorrean, baita aldagai ezberdinak kontuan hartuta ere: sekzioak, interes taldeak eta bazkidetza. Ikerketa honen emaitzei dagokionez, hobekien baloratutako azpi-dimentsioak jarduerak, entrenatzaileak eta komunikazioa izan dira. Hauetatik, balorazio altuena jarduerak azpi-dimentsioak jaso du. Bestalde, balorazio txarrena jaso dutenen artean gogobetetasuna, instalazioak eta materiala daude. Honakoetan, balore baxuena gogobetetasunari dagokio. Ondorioztatu daiteke jasotako Arrotxapea K.K.E.-ko bezeroen pertzepzioa positiboa dela, baina komeni izango litzateke ikerketa errepikatzea lagin esanguratsuago batekin., [EN] In recent years, sports organizations have become increasingly responsible for good management, as well as the need of its evaluation, which is designed around the customer. The aim of this work is determining the perception, satisfaction and quality of Rochapea K.K.E. sports club’s customers. An EPOD 2 questionnaire aimed at customers participating in guided activities was used to carry the study. The questionnaire was answered by 98 people and the data obtained was analysed through the computer program SPSS 15. First, the average of each item and its standard deviation were taken from the whole sample. Second, also taking the whole sample, the data was analysed according to the three dimensions (quality, perceived value, and satisfaction) by studying the mean and standard deviation of each. Third and finally, the sub-dimensions (coaches, facilities, material, activities, communication, organizational staff, satisfaction and consensus) were surveyed, both, in general and in terms of different variables: sections, interest groups and membership. In terms of the results of the study, the best-rated sub-dimensions were activities, coaching, and communication, where the highest rating was received by the activities. On the other hand, the worst rating was received by satisfaction, facilities and material, being satisfaction the lowest value of all. It can be concluded that the perception received by customers of Rochapea K.K.E. is positive, but it would be advisable to repeat the research with a more significant sample.

Women's football in Ireland started in 1895 when the British Ladies' Football Club (BLFC) visited Belfast for the first time and was followed by a tour the next year, which included some matches labelled 'Ireland vs. England'. After two decades of silence, World War I saw the restart of women's football, thanks to Mrs Walter Scott, and this time it was played seriously. Right from the start, the focus was not only on local exhibition matches but also on international selective matches. On Boxing Day in 1917, women's football history was written, with the first international match of two selected teams in Belfast. After the war, Ireland became part of the international women's football boom, played several international matches and had close ties to the French Federation. After some years of decline, the 1930s saw the most flourishing years in Irish women’s football before World War II, culminating in the first Irish full international in France, against France, in 1936. After the war, Irish women's football was back on the international scene again. In this piece, I will show that Ireland - like France, Belgium, Austria and England - was one of the key international players in women's football history up to the early 1950s. As soon as serious football was played by women, starting in World War I, the Irish ladies were part of the international movement and played international selective matches. This distinguished them from other nations in the 20s and 30s, where women’s football was seen as a show-act and not as a serious sport.

The challenges facing women and girls in sport have a long history and many interventions to address these challenges have occurred over the years. It is well documented that these challenges no longer simply apply to female’s active participation in sport and physical activity but through all aspects of the sporting landscape, i.e. coaching, officiating, leadership, governance and visibility. Though time has seen improvements naturally, Sport Ireland financial support and dedicated women in sport programmes developed as a result have had positive impacts which are explored in this paper.Using information gathered through the work of Sport Ireland, its databases, commissioned reports, dedicated policies and via reports from National Governing Bodies and Local Sports Partnerships, this paper provides a more detailed insight into the history of the Sport Ireland Women in Sport programme as well as other areas that impact women and girls in sport. It tracks the evolution of the programme since the inception of funding in 2005 to how it is managed today, as well as outlining some of Sport Ireland’s current Women in Sport (WiS) projects. In order to give a full overview, information is also contained on the history of funding allocated to female High Performance athletes in Ireland. Since the establishment of funding in 2005, the WiS programme set out to, and has successfully, reduced the gap in sports participation levels between men and women. It has now grown to much more than a participation programme with the launch of a policy providing strategic direction to ensure women have equal opportunity across all areas of sport. Now the same attention and commitment is shifting to coaching, officiating, leadership, governance and visibility. The availability of funding for women in sport is an important feature of the Sport Ireland Women in Sport programme. With over €22m awarded to date, NGBs, LSPs and women and girls in society will continue to benefit from monetary gran

In 1967 a county Cork farmer wrote to the Sunday Independent (Dublin) to express his hope that the Gaelic Athletic Association (G.A.A.) would ban women from attending the upcoming All-Ireland finals. The G.A.A is a male-only organisation, he argued, and the presence of women at Croke Park would take up 'valuable space'. His letter generated many outraged responses from both men and women, all arguing against his opinion and illustrating that women played a vital role within the sporting community - whether as supporters, sandwich-makers or jersey-washers. The responses highlighted how people in Ireland were reconsidering the role of women in the public sphere more generally in the late 1960s. The emergence of ladies' Gaelic football as a 'serious' sport for women in the 1970s is reflective of this changing society. Current Irish sports historiography is considerably lacking in its examination of the space women occupied in modern sport in Ireland. This piece will draw on newspapers and archival material to examine the emergence of what came to be known as ladies' Gaelic football in the late 1960s and early 1970s and to analyse the debates about the changing position of women in sport and society at this time. In so doing, this piece will aim to bring the historiography of women in Irish society in conversation with the growing historiography on sport in Ireland.

This study examines the contribution made by Íde Bean Uí Shé to the game of camogie, particularly in her native county of Cork. Camogie is a team game, devised by female members of the Gaelic League in 1904 who wished to participate in fields sports in a manner similar to their male associates. They devised a game that was comparable to the ancient male game of hurling. Íde Bean Uí Shé became an officer of the Cork County Camogie Board in 1940, and chairperson of the Board in 1943. She was frustrated by the number of players who ceased their involvement with camogie when they married. She was also of the opinion that the involvement of males as administrators of camogie affairs, was a barrier to the continued involvement of females after they retired from playing. As chairperson, Íde Bean Uí Shé insisted that the officership of the Cork County Camogie Board should be all female. She withdrew the Cork team from competing in the All-Ireland Camogie Championship on the principle that there should be no male camogie administrators at the national level. She held Cork out of the competition for eight years. During that time, she re-organised Cork camogie competitions, helped the Board to develop its finances, encouraged the development of second-level schools’ competitions and oversaw rapid growth in the number of affiliated clubs. She stepped down as chairperson in 1950 and was made Board President for life. Soon after she stepped down as chairperson, Cork inevitably returned to intercounty camogie competition. While some of her more ambitious aims, such as a dedicated venue for playing camogie, were not achieved during her lifetime, Íde Bean Uí Shé remained a committed supporter of the role of women in camogie and, by extension, society, until her death in 1986. This study draws on the published histories of the National Camogie Association and the Cork County Camogie Board as well as the coverage of camogie affairs in newspapers of the time. A number of interviews wer

In this piece we document how a football club has proved to be an important mechanism of integration for young Muslim women in Ireland. As has been evidenced elsewhere, and discussed in this piece, Islamophobia is a reality in Irish society, whether as proximal lived experiences of hostility and discrimination, or as structural elements that deploy anti-Muslim tropes. In the face of such exclusion, young Muslim individuals, supported by local civil society actors, have taken it upon themselves to develop a platform, namely the Hijabs and Hat-tricks project, that not only enables inclusion, and develops meaningful integration, but also challenges head-on those tropes that cast them and their communities as 'other'. Football, in the form of Diverse City FC, forms the focal point of this platform. Based on the experiences of these young Irish Muslims, we argue that football, and indeed sport more broadly, can act as an incredibly effective mechanism for meaningful societal integration. Finally, we argue for the importance of not only understanding the experiences of marginalised groups, such as the Diverse City players, but of the importance of drawing from these experiences to design future strategies for inclusion in Irish society. James Carr, Experiences of Islamophobia: Living with racism in the neoliberal era (London: Routledge, 2016).

This article looks at the early development of women’s football in Ireland, examining the cultural impact of the first women’s matches, and how this early heritage has laid foundations for future developments. Women took to playing association football not long after it was first established as a male bastion during the latter half of the nineteenth century. These early matches attracted large crowds, public and press criticism, and in some instances social disorder. The article first examines how the Irish press presented this sporting innovation and the first exposure to actual matches when the British Ladies Club arrived to play in Belfast in early June 1895. Beyond the expected disapproval, there is evidence that debate took place on women’s general role in society, and in particular how females could engage in sport. Also examined is the way British Ladies Club presented themselves as upper-middle-class, and how this contrasted with the way they were portrayed in the press. New research is presented, which casts doubt on the club’s middle-class image and shows how friction between the club and its main sponsor arose when a true picture of the players’ backgrounds came to light. In conclusion, the author contrasts the Irish response to the British Ladies Football Club with the women’s sides that played during World War I and the post-war period. It is shown that the early matches of the 1890s paved the way for a more appreciative and accepting audience.

Fußball, ein Männersport? Was lange selbstverständlich war, wird zunehmend bezweifelt. Die Geschlechterverhältnisse sind in Bewegung geraten und Frauen fordern ihren Platz auf dem Rasen. Die ethnografische Studie begleitet eine feministische Frauenfußballorganisation bei ihren lokalen und internationalen Aktivitäten und zeigt die Chancen, aber auch Grenzen, die entstehen, wenn die vermeintlichen Gegensätze Fußball und Feminismus aufeinandertreffen. Wie wird unter den gegenwärtigen günstigen, aber spannungsreichen Umständen auf geschlechterpolitischen Wandel hingearbeitet? Mit vielen empirischen Beispielen veranschaulicht die Autorin, wie feministische Fußballerinnen innerhalb der komplexen Landschaft spätkapitalistischer Demokratien pragmatisch, aber von Idealen geleitet für Geschlechtergerechtigkeit kämpfen. Besonderes Augenmerk ist dabei auf die Spannungen zwischen Aktivismus und NGO sowie zwischen fußballerischer Leistung und feministischer Emanzipation gelegt, in denen die Akteurinnen beständig navigieren müssen. Die Studie schließt an Diskussionen um Sport, Geschlecht und Feminismus an und kommentiert zugleich politikethnologische Debatten um NGOs, Soziale Bewegungen und Formen des politischen Handelns. Historisch und diskursanalytisch zeichnet die Autorin nach, wie um die Jahrtausendwende ein günstiger Moment entstand, in dem die Geschlechterverhältnisse des Fußballs ihre Selbstverständlichkeit einbüßten. Hier setzt die ethnografische Feldforschung an, während der die Autorin mehrere Jahre eine Frauenfußball- und Frauenrechtsorganisation begleitete. Es wird deutlich, wie die historischen Entwicklungen und diskursiven Verschiebungen die Entstehung einer feministischen Fußballorganisation begünstigten, aber auch widersprüchliche Anforderungen und Möglichkeitsbedingungen an diese richten. Die Formierung als Organisation sowie ihre politischen Strategien und Zukunftsaspirationen zeichnen sich daher durch ein hohes Maß an Beweglichkeit aus. So changierten die Aktiv

Migration over recent years has meant that issues of integration are high on the agenda. Sports clubs are considered important settings for promoting integration. This notion is reflected in national and international policy documents. This study focuses on how leaders in a non-profit sports club, operating in a community where a majority have a migrant background, work with the stated goal of promoting integration. The aim of this study is to explore how leaders interpret and negotiate their explicit assignment to promote integration and counteract segregation and how they try to implement strategies to reach these goals and also to explore how participants experience the sports club’s activities related to aspects of integration. The study takes an ethnographic approach with participant observations and interviews. The results indicate that the leaders' work in terms of integration was related to negotiating diversity, norms, rules and language. Both leaders and participants highlight how the activities enhance feelings of trust despite racism in society and how the leaders worked to create relationships and to make the activities into safe spaces. Whether this work contributes to integration is, however, debatable and the leaders emphasised inclusion as their main strategy and goal. © 2020 European Association for Sociology of Sport., Funding: The Center for Intercultural Dialogue and Research, Trollhättans Stad and University West

Researchers and policymakers acknowledge sports clubs (SCs) as health promoting settings. Limited research links the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept with evidence-driven strategies to provide SCs guidance to develop health promotion (HP) interventions. As implementation science insists on theoretically grounded interventions, the present work's objective was to provide SCs an evidence-driven intervention framework for planning, developing and implementing HP initiatives. Four iteratively sequenced steps were undertaken: (i) investigation of 'health promoting' indicators, (ii) adaptation of the HPSC concept to create the HPSC model, (iii) formulation of published evidence-driven guidelines into strategies and implementable intervention components (ICs) and (iv) merging the HPSC model with the ICs to create an intervention planning framework for SCs. First, researchers drafted five HPSC indicators. Second, they defined three SC levels (macro, meso and micro) and four health determinants (organizational, environmental, economic and social) to create an HPSC model. Third, researchers used published guidelines to develop 14 strategies with 55 ICs. Fourth, three workshops (one each with French master-level sport students, French sport and health professionals and Swedish sport and health professionals) had participants classify the ICs into the model. The HPSC model and intervention framework are starting points to plan, select and deliver interventions to increase SC HP. This planning framework is usable in several ways: (i) clubs can apply strategies to achieve specific goals, (ii) clubs can target specific levels with corresponding ICs and (iii) ICs can be used to address particular health determinants., Funding agencies:University of LorraineUniversite Cote d'AzurSante publique France

Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt das Thema Fusionen im Amateurfußball und befasst sich insbesondere mit auftretenden Problemen und Herausforderungen bei Fußballvereinsfusionen. Hierzu werden fünf Fusionsprozesse, in denen mehrere Amateurfußballvereine einer brandenburgischen Kleinstadt involviert sind, im Hinblick auf hinderliche Faktoren analysiert und ausgewertet. Ziel des Aufsatzes ist es, Fusionsbarrieren auf verschiedenen Ebenen zu identifizieren, um darauf aufbauend Gelingensbedingungen abzuleiten., This article deals with mergers in amateur football and focuses on problems and challenges that arise during football mergers. Five merger processes in which several amateur football clubs of a small city in Brandenburg are involved will be analysed and evaluated with regard to obstructive factors. The aim of the paper is to identify barriers of merger on different levels and to derive conditions for success.

Ausgehend von der Betrachtung einer Einzelfallstudie wird in diesem Beitrag Vereinskultur in einem Amateurfußballverein einer ungleichheits- und machtsensiblen Analyse unterzogen. Dabei werden die befragte Ehrenamtliche und ihre soziale Praxis in Relation zu anderen Vereinsmitgliedern aus einer praxeologischen Perspektive beleuchtet. Im Zentrum steht die Frage, inwiefern der in ihrem Herkunftsmilieu ausgebildete Habitus in der aktiven Auseinandersetzung mit den Handlungsbedingungen und der sozialen Vielfalt in ihrem Verein vereinsspezifisch wirkt. Anhand der Ergebnisse lässt sich zeigen, wie der kleinbürgerliche Habitus der Befragten Prozesse der Vergemeinschaftung und Abgrenzung im Verein prägt. Ihre vereinskulturelle Praxis ist somit in Relation zu anderen Vereinsmitgliedern und vor dem Hintergrund zurückliegender Habitualisierungsprozessen in sozialen Milieus sowie den damit verbundenen habituellen Grundhaltungen zu verstehen., In this article, club culture in an amateur football club is subjected to an inequality and power-sensitive analysis, based on an individual case study. The interviewed volunteer and its social relations to other club members are examined from a praxeological perspective. The focus is on the question of the extent to which the respondents' habitus, developed in their environment of origin, has an effect on their social practice in the clubs and as well on the dealing with social diversity in their club. The results show how the pettybourgeois habitus of the respondent shapes processes of communitization and demarcation within the club. Her club-cultural practices can be understood in relation to to the club members and against the background of past habitualization processes in social milieus and the related basic attitudes.

This article explores the constraints to mainstream sports participation of children with disability in community sports clubs and schools through their lived experiences and the perceptions of parents, teachers, coaches, and club officials. It does so by administering an open-ended survey instrument to a sample of participants recruited from schools, sporting facilities, and disability organizations in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia. The data were analysed through a transdisciplinary conceptual framework which brought together the social model of disability (disability studies) with the leisure constraints framework (leisure studies), which have been encouraged by both academics and practitioners. The findings identified ableist and disablist practices, creating an enabled understanding of the facilitators for social inclusion. Participants perceived that interrelated intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints excluded children from their desired sporting activities. Through applying the social model of disability to the leisure constraints framework, the findings and discussion showed that a great deal of what had been considered intrapersonal constraints of the child with disability could be reinterpreted as interpersonal and structural constraints through enabling socially inclusive practices. The implications are that a social model of disability brings a new social lens to understanding constraints to sport participation for children with disability and can produce effective strategies for inclusion in sport at schools and community sport clubs.

Within a time span of only a few months, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has managed to spread across the world. This virus can spread by close contact, which includes large droplet spray and inhalation of microscopic droplets, and by indirect contact via contaminated objects. While in most countries, supermarkets have remained open, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities have ordered many other shops, restaurants, bars, music theaters and indoor sports centers to be closed. As part of COVID-19 (semi)lock-down exit strategies, many government authorities are now (May-June 2020) allowing a gradual re-opening, where sometimes indoor sport centers are last in line to be permitted to re-open. This technical note discusses the challenges in safely re-opening these facilities and the measures already suggested by others to partly tackle these challenges. It also elaborates three potential additional measures and based on these additional measures, it suggests the concept of a certificate of equivalence that could allow indoor sports centers with such a certificate to re-open safely and more rapidly. It also attempts to stimulate increased preparedness of indoor sports centers that should allow them to remain open safely during potential next waves of SARS-CoV-2 as well as future pandemics. It is concluded that fighting situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic and limiting economic damage requires increased collaboration and research by virologists, epidemiologists, microbiologists, aerosol scientists, building physicists, building services engineers and sports scientists.

Within a time span of only a few months, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has managed to spread across the world. This virus can spread by close contact, which includes large droplet spray and inhalation of microscopic droplets, and by indirect contact via contaminated objects. While in most countries, supermarkets have remained open, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities have ordered many other shops, restaurants, bars, music theaters and indoor sports centers to be closed. As part of COVID-19 (semi)lock-down exit strategies, many government authorities are now (May-June 2020) allowing a gradual re-opening, where sometimes indoor sport centers are last in line to be permitted to re-open. This technical note discusses the challenges in safely re-opening these facilities and the measures already suggested by others to partly tackle these challenges. It also elaborates three potential additional measures and based on these additional measures, it suggests the concept of a certificate of equivalence that could allow indoor sports centers with such a certificate to re-open safely and more rapidly. It also attempts to stimulate increased preparedness of indoor sports centers that should allow them to remain open safely during potential next waves of SARS-CoV-2 as well as future pandemics. It is concluded that fighting situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic and limiting economic damage requires increased collaboration and research by virologists, epidemiologists, microbiologists, aerosol scientists, building physicists, building services engineers and sports scientists.

Government control in social relations between ethnic groups in sports clubs and society at large can be understood by viewing them from an established-outsider perspective. If we examine this at the microlevel, we see that neither the government nor the club are aware of the shifts in the balance of power in these figurations. Formalization and professionalization serve to highlight and heighten the relationships between groups of members. Sports clubs are voluntary organizations in which members get together on a voluntary basis and are committed to the members in their own group, the ‘amongst ourselves association’. Although well intentioned, the ambition to achieve an improvement of the social relations between ethnic groups within the club and by extension in the neighbourhood is highly complex, ambitious and problematic. This is because forced mixing of groups heightens the tensions in social relations. ‘Amongst ourselves associations’ are extremely important as social hubs, in which people can feel at home and fulfil their need for self-validation in a fairly uninhibited way. A physical ‘home of one’s own’ as a materialization of these clubs helps in that regard. Once these types of associations come under pressure and collapse, this has a disruptive effect on the social relations between groups. It is the case that the fear of one’s own group breaking up leads to this being attributed to other groups (Elias 2005/1990, p. 269), which goes to strengthen mutual stigmatization by groups and leads to a deterioration of social relations.The municipal intervention in the ailing football club Onder Ons, although it allowed the club to survive as a sports facility within the community and allowed the creation of an ‘amongst ourselves association’ for the former outsiders, simultaneously led to the collapse of the club of the established. The intervention of the local government on the social relations within the club and the neighbourhood in the VVOO case study could

The article defines the concept of physical recreation, discusses the main forms of promotion of fitness services on the market., В статье дается определение понятия физической рекреации, рассматриваются основные формы продвижения фитнес-услуг на рынке.

The purpose of the article is to develop a model for introducing student sports clubs (SSCs) as a means of enhancing social adaptation to the reference environment for new students entering higher educational institutions via a sociological survey method. As a result, among the students actively involved in the work of SSC, 36.1% note that this type of activity has a positive effect on their social adaptation to the university. In conclusion, the indicators of socio-psychological adaptation of students are very dynamic.

Sportvereine dienen der Freizeitgestaltung und stellen – denkt man an die Champagnerduschen – kein Setting dar, das per se suchtpräventiv wirkt. Durch die Umsetzung spezifischer Massnahmen und Projekte kann auch in Sportvereinen eine suchtpräventive Wirkung erzeugt werden. Vor diesem Kontext ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit, das Potenzial suchtpräventiver Massnahmen im Setting Sportverein zu bestimmen und Empfehlungen an die Suchtpräventionsstelle der Stadt Zürich zu formulieren. Während die systematische Datenbankrecherche Evidenz für die Wirkung der nationalen Programme cool and clean und Kinder stark machen hervorgebracht hat, hat mittels dreier Experteninterviews und deren Auswertung anhand der zusammenfassenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2015) gezeigt werden können, dass sich die Hauptaussagen der Interviewten mit den zentralen Theorien und Konzepten der Suchtprävention decken. Die Präventionspotenziale können insbesondere auf das multiplikatorenorientierte und das settingorientierte Präventionsmodell sowie den Lebenskompetenzmodell-Ansatz zurückgeführt werden. Der Suchtpräventionsstelle der Stadt Zürich wird empfohlen, die Bekanntheit der Fachstelle in Sportvereinen zu erhöhen, neue Projektideen auszuarbeiten und cool and clean mit ergänzenden Massnahmen zu bereichern. Dabei sollten die Konzepte der Kooperation und der Partizipation sowie die Good-PracticeKriterien berücksichtigt werden.

This paper analyzes the viability of implementing an e-Commerce website targeted at international schools that want to offer the unique experience of sending their students to Barcelona for the purpose of practicing sports in a world-class setting. Many sports clubs are already receiving young people from all around the world, and these sports clubs use their websites to attract their target market. Therefore, this study will evaluate the opportunities of an e-commerce marketplace platform that links International Schools with Sports Clubs. The research analyzes the e-commerce strategies of two leading sports clubs: "Football Club Barcelona" and "Tennis Club la Salut." Qualitative research is conducted by interviewing fifteen families from three different countries in order to obtain reliable insights that will help contribute to recommendations of a marketing strategy. This can serve as a guide for entrepreneurs who want to start an e-commerce marketplace platform in this niche area.

Am Beispiel einer gemeinsamen Initiative einer Bezirksregierung in Kooperation mit einem lokalen Fußballverein, die seit 2015 ein Sportprogramm für geflüchtete Kinder anbietet, wird analysiert, wie unterschiedliche Ansprüche wirken, die einerseits der Bereich Fußball und andererseits eine gesamtgesellschaftlich-politische Haltung jeweils unter der Überschrift "Integration" stellen. Dabei liegt das Augenmerk bei unterschiedlichen Logiken, deren Widersprüchlichkeit die nicht-professionelle Fußballwelt meist eher verdeckt prägen, die im Kontext des Programms "Fußball mit Geflüchteten" aber besonders offen zutage treten: eine Freizeit- und eine Leistungslogik. Dazu findet eine Untersuchung ausgewählter Krisensituationen und sich darin manifestierender Konflikte zwischen Haupt- und Ehrenamtlichen einerseits und Geflüchteten, zumeist Kindern, andererseits, auf Grundlage der Konzepte Werte, Fremd- und Selbstbilder sowie Integrationsideale und -praktiken statt. In einer ethnografischen Herangehensweise stehen methodisch teilnehmende Beobachtung und ethnografische Interviews im Mittelpunkt., Using the example of an initiative of a regional government and local football club that is offering a sports programme for refugee children since 2015, different attitudes and claims regarding standards of integration characteristic of the football world on the one hand and from a more general societal-political perspective on the other hand are analysed. The emphasis is on two logics which usually characterize the non-professional world of football in a covert way, however do become visible in the context of the initiative "football for refugees": a logic of leisure and a logic of performance. It is argued that the political-normative claim that sport integrates quasi automatically, thereby rendering language and "culture" less or unimportant, complicates the matter further. The analysis of selected situations of crisis and conflict between full-time employees and volunteers on the one hand and refugees, mostly children, on the other, is carried out on a conceptual basis of values, images of the other and of the self as well as ideals and practices of integration. The ethnographic approach focusses on participant observation and ethnographic interviews.

To assess the relationship between proximity to specific sports facilities and participation in the corresponding sports activities for adolescents in Germany. A sample of 1,768 adolescents aged 11–17 years old and living in 161 German communities was examined. Distances to the nearest sports facilities were calculated as an indicator of proximity to sports facilities using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Participation in specific leisure-time sports activities in sports clubs was assessed using a self- report questionnaire and individual-level socio-demographic variables were derived from a parent questionnaire. Community-level socio-demographics as covariates were selected from the INKAR database, in particular from indicators and maps on land development. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between proximity to the nearest sports facilities and participation in the corresponding sports activities. The logisitic regression analyses showed that girls residing longer distances from the nearest gym were less likely to engage in indoor sports activities; a significant interaction between distances to gyms and level of urbanization was identified. Decomposition of the interaction term showed that for adolescent girls living in rural areas participation in indoor sports activities was positively associated with gym proximity. Proximity to tennis courts and indoor pools was not associated with participation in tennis or water sports, respectively. Improved proximity to gyms is likely to be more important for female adolescents living in rural areas.

Die aktuelle politische Spaltung der Gesellschaft hebt die Notwendigkeit von Demokratiebildung hervor und es wird vermehrt nach ihrer Verortung gefragt. In verschiedenen Beiträgen wird immer wieder die zentrale Stellung von Sportvereinen als "Schulen der Demokratie" betont. Allerdings steht insbesondere der Fußball unter starkem kommerziellen Druck und die Vereine können ihre demokratischen Potentiale nicht aus-schöpfen. Die britischen "Community Owned Sports Clubs" sind ein nicht-kommerzielles Alternativmodell, der "FC United of Manchester" ist das bekannteste Beispiel. Unter der Berücksichtigung der Idee von Demokratie als Lebensform und der Annahme, dass Demokratie nur im demokratischen Handeln gelernt werden kann, stellt der vorliegende Artikel aus sozialpädagogischer Sichtweise dar, inwieweit dieser Verein über Potentiale zur Demokratiebildung in seiner Jugendarbeit verfügt und wo seine Grenzen liegen. Dazu werden nach der Erschließung des allgemeinen Forschungsstandes die Erkenntnisse einer explorativen Studie beim Verein aus Manchester vorgestellt und es wird verdeutlicht, wie in diesem Feld vertieft geforscht werden könnte., The current situation supports the view of a divide in society. This raises the question of where and how democratic citizenship education can succeed. The preliminary assumption in the question posed is that democracy must be actively learned by doing. This can and should be achieved by means of implementation of fundamental democratic practices in associations and communities. The central position of sports clubs as "schools of democracy" is repeatedly stressed in various articles. However, sports and football in particular are under enormous commercial pressure and cannot use their democratic potential. The British model of "Community Owned Sports Clubs" is a non-commercial counter-trial. The focus is on "FC United of Manchester" as the best known of these clubs. From a social pedagogical point of view, this article presents the potentials and limits of this association for democratic citizenship education. After the general state of re-search the findings of an explorative study on the Manchester based club will be presented and it will be suggested how further research could be done in this field.

Capitalism plays a significant role in the process of commercialization of sport. The bureaucratization, professionalization, politics and policy change legitimate organizational activities (Oliver 1992). The external process of bureaucratization, which is "the organizational manifestation of the rationalization of social life" (Slack & Hinings 1994: 806) transforms sport organizations. The new environment of sport organizations moves them from voluntary organization to formal organizations with professional staff. This work identifies impact of external processes such as bureaucratization, professionalization and commercialization on sport organization. The focus is on the environmental pressures which change practices (procedures) in sport organizations. The article shows the changes in the field of sport and the processes of excluding voluntary, non-profit sport organization from competitions in elite sport. The last section of the article presents an alternative point of view on volunteers in sport industry.

It is a widely accepted view that the participation of young generations in organized sports activities has positive impacts both for the individual and the society. However, these positive impacts often does not reach those groups of the society, which would need the most these impacts for improving their chances regarding social participation and thus promoting integration of the society. The paper presents the results of a survey among young athletes inHungary, showing that the perception of the athletes in the sports clubs is very positive regarding the impacts of sports on their lives, but that young people from low-income and low-education families have very limited access to the sports clubs and so to the positive impacts of sports.

This paper analyzes the viability of implementing an e-Commerce website targeted at international schools that want to offer the unique experience of sending their students to Barcelona for the purpose of practicing sports in a world-class setting. Many sports clubs are already receiving young people from all around the world, and these sports clubs use their websites to attract their target market. Therefore, this study will evaluate the opportunities of an e-commerce marketplace platform that links International Schools with Sports Clubs. The research analyzes the e-commerce strategies of two leading sports clubs: "Football Club Barcelona" and "Tennis Club la Salut." Qualitative research is conducted by interviewing fifteen families from three different countries in order to obtain reliable insights that will help contribute to recommendations of a marketing strategy. This can serve as a guide for entrepreneurs who want to start an e-commerce marketplace platform in this niche area.

This paper analyzes the viability of implementing an e-Commerce website targeted at international schools that want to offer the unique experience of sending their students to Barcelona for the purpose of practicing sports in a world-class setting. Many sports clubs are already receiving young people from all around the world, and these sports clubs use their websites to attract their target market. Therefore, this study will evaluate the opportunities of an e-commerce marketplace platform that links International Schools with Sports Clubs. The research analyzes the e-commerce strategies of two leading sports clubs: "Football Club Barcelona" and "Tennis Club la Salut." Qualitative research is conducted by interviewing fifteen families from three different countries in order to obtain reliable insights that will help contribute to recommendations of a marketing strategy. This can serve as a guide for entrepreneurs who want to start an e-commerce marketplace platform in this niche area.

This paper analyzes the viability of implementing an e-Commerce website targeted at international schools that want to offer the unique experience of sending their students to Barcelona for the purpose of practicing sports in a world-class setting. Many sports clubs are already receiving young people from all around the world, and these sports clubs use their websites to attract their target market. Therefore, this study will evaluate the opportunities of an e-commerce marketplace platform that links International Schools with Sports Clubs. The research analyzes the e-commerce strategies of two leading sports clubs: "Football Club Barcelona" and "Tennis Club la Salut." Qualitative research is conducted by interviewing fifteen families from three different countries in order to obtain reliable insights that will help contribute to recommendations of a marketing strategy. This can serve as a guide for entrepreneurs who want to start an e-commerce marketplace platform in this niche area.

Sportvereine dienen der Freizeitgestaltung und stellen – denkt man an die Champagnerduschen – kein Setting dar, das per se suchtpräventiv wirkt. Durch die Umsetzung spezifischer Massnahmen und Projekte kann auch in Sportvereinen eine suchtpräventive Wirkung erzeugt werden. Vor diesem Kontext ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit, das Potenzial suchtpräventiver Massnahmen im Setting Sportverein zu bestimmen und Empfehlungen an die Suchtpräventionsstelle der Stadt Zürich zu formulieren. Während die systematische Datenbankrecherche Evidenz für die Wirkung der nationalen Programme cool and clean und Kinder stark machen hervorgebracht hat, hat mittels dreier Experteninterviews und deren Auswertung anhand der zusammenfassenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2015) gezeigt werden können, dass sich die Hauptaussagen der Interviewten mit den zentralen Theorien und Konzepten der Suchtprävention decken. Die Präventionspotenziale können insbesondere auf das multiplikatorenorientierte und das settingorientierte Präventionsmodell sowie den Lebenskompetenzmodell-Ansatz zurückgeführt werden. Der Suchtpräventionsstelle der Stadt Zürich wird empfohlen, die Bekanntheit der Fachstelle in Sportvereinen zu erhöhen, neue Projektideen auszuarbeiten und cool and clean mit ergänzenden Massnahmen zu bereichern. Dabei sollten die Konzepte der Kooperation und der Partizipation sowie die Good-PracticeKriterien berücksichtigt werden.

AIMS: Insufficient physical activity (PA) is one of the largest public health challenges of our time and requires a multisectoral public-health response. PA recommendations state that all children and adolescents should accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) daily and carry out vigorous PA (VPA) three times weekly. While participation in sports club activities is known to enhance the probability of reaching the recommended overall PA level, less is known about the contribution of sports club participation to VPA, and few cross-national comparisons have been carried out. The purpose of this paper is to study whether participation in sports club activities is associated with meeting the overall PA and VPA recommendations among children and adolescents across six European countries, namely Belgium (Flanders), Czech Republic, Finland, France, Ireland and Sweden. METHODS: Analyses were carried out on existing self-reported national data sets using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. RESULTS: Results indicate that approximately two-thirds of children and adolescents take part in sports club activities in the given countries. Sports club participants were more likely to meet the overall PA recommendations (OR 2.4-6.4) and VPA recommendation (OR 2.8-5.0) than non-participants. CONCLUSIONS: The extent to which overall PA and/or VPA is gained through sports club participation versus other settings needs to be further studied. Nonetheless, it can be argued that sports clubs have an important position in PA promotion for younger populations., Funding Agencies:Flemish government Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic LG 14043 LG 14042Ministry of Education and Culture OKM/89/626/2015

This paper analyzes the viability of implementing an e-Commerce website targeted at international schools that want to offer the unique experience of sending their students to Barcelona for the purpose of practicing sports in a world-class setting. Many sports clubs are already receiving young people from all around the world, and these sports clubs use their websites to attract their target market. Therefore, this study will evaluate the opportunities of an e-commerce marketplace platform that links International Schools with Sports Clubs. The research analyzes the e-commerce strategies of two leading sports clubs: "Football Club Barcelona" and "Tennis Club la Salut." Qualitative research is conducted by interviewing fifteen families from three different countries in order to obtain reliable insights that will help contribute to recommendations of a marketing strategy. This can serve as a guide for entrepreneurs who want to start an e-commerce marketplace platform in this niche area.

In this article the authors presented different components of the de-veloped “Be in Shape” project. They revealed the possibilities of the pro-ject such as: possibility to use the various sports areas contributing to the harmonious and all-round development of the participants of the project and allowing to achieve a desirable effect of the trainings, due to particu-larities of each kind of sport; to develop physical qualities that will allow to develop sports abilities and further, if desired, to get into a chosen sport area more professionally; to get immediate results and the opportunity to become a part of a real sports movement which, apart from training pro-cess includes various sporting events, promotions, the dietic menu in uni-versity canteens, etc. In the article the authors reveal the importance of the promotion of this project aimed to achieve the objectives, В статье авторы представили отдельные составляющие разработанного проекта «Будь в форме УрФУ». Раскрыли возможности проекта: возможность использования разнообразных спортивных направлений, способствующие гармоничному и всестороннему развитию участника проекта и позволяющие добиться желаемого эффекта от тренировок, благодаря специфике каждого вида спорта; развить физические качества, что позволит открыть в себе новые спортивные способности и в дальнейшем, при желании, увлечься каким-то одним спортивным направлениям более профессионально; получить быстрые результаты и возможность стать частью реального спортивного движения, которое, кроме тренировочного процесса включает в себя различные спортивные мероприятия, акции, диетическое меню в столовых университета и др. В статье раскрывается значимость информационного продвижения проекта с целью достижения поставленных задач

The aim of this thesis is to examine the association between physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents. The thesis includes four studies among adolescents in grade 10, aged 15-16 years. Studies I, II and III are based on the Norwegian Youth Health Surveys and study IV is based on data retrieved from Ungdata. In 2000-2003 (Youth Health Survey), the adolescents completed a paper and pencil self-administered questionnaire at school during lesson time. In both 2009 (Youth Health Survey) and 2017 (Ungdata), the adolescents completed an anonymous web-based questionnaire. The Rasch analysis from study I showed that overall, the HSCL-10 showed good reliability and the items worked well. One item “Sleeping difficulties”, in the HSCL-10 instrument clearly misfit and some items worked differently for boys and girls. Study II showed that the association between physical activity, screen-based sedentary behaviour and psychological distress was weak. In study III, a significant association between physical activity and incident use of hypnotics was shown at short-term follow up. No significant associations were found for later use of antidepressants. Study IV showed that participating in a sports club was significantly associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms. Mental health and physical activity are both complex phenomena. When investigating the association between adolescent`s physical activity and mental health, it is important to look at physical activities in different contexts, not only volume and frequency., Mental health is considered to be an important public health issue, particularly during adolescence. The World Health Organization has reported that half of all mental health disorders in adults start by age 14, but most of them are undetected and untreated. Furthermore, there are concerns about how to measure mental health, and a need for valid instruments has been identified. This thesis considers the relationship between physical activity and mental health in Norwegian adolescents. It consists of four studies, all based on data collected from surveys among adolescents aged 15-16 years old. The results indicate a weak association between physical activity and mental health, and that participating in a sports club is associated with fewer symptoms of depression. Furthermore, the psychometric analysis of the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-10 instrument using Rasch Measurement Theory is a step towards more valid assessment of psychological distress among adolescents. This thesis contributes to the field of public health sciences by underlining the need for broader approaches in studies of the association between physical activity and mental health using proper measures., Den här avhandlingen belyser sambandet mellan fysisk aktivitet och psykisk hälsa bland ungdomar. Den läggs fram i en tid med ökande psykisk ohälsa och stigande oro för ökande fysisk inaktivitet och stillasittande. Avhandlingen består av fyra artiklar som baseras på data insamlade bland 15-16-åringar i Norge. Resultaten visar att sambandet är svagt mellan hur ofta ungdomar är fysiskt aktiva och hur väl ungdomar mår psykiskt. När kontexten för den fysiska aktiviteten beaktas framträder ett tydligare mönster: de som är aktiva i en idrottsförening rapporterar signifikant mindre psykiska besvär än de som inte regelbundet är fysiskt aktiva. Detta samband kvarstår även efter kontroll för föräldrarnas socioekonomi och efter kontroll för andra hälsorelaterade vanor. I avhandlingen redovisas också psykometriska analyser baserade på Rasch Measurement Theory av en skala för psykologisk distress och en fördepressiva besvär. Avhandlingen pekar på vikten av bredare analysansatser när fysisk aktivitet och psykisk hälsa studeras och på vikten av reliabla ochvalida mått på psykisk hälsa.

У статті здійснено аналіз тенденцій розвитку студентського спорту з урахуванням вітчизняного та зарубіжного досвіду та особливостей його організаційно-методичного забезпечення. Мета. Вивчити розвиток студентського спорту в Україні. Методи. Аналіз та узагальнення даних літературних джерел, документальних матеріалів. Результати. Розкрито основні напрями діяльності вітчизняних та зарубіжних спортивних студентських організацій, окреслено статистичні дані та визначено особливості державного регулювання у цій сфері. Проаналізовано зміст нормативно-правових документів, що регламентують діяльність студентського спортивного руху, окреслено основні напрями діяльності Спортивної студентської спілки України, серед яких залучення студентів до спортивної діяльності у закладах вищої освіти (ЗВО), організація і проведення спортивних змагань серед студентів, забезпечення їх участі у міжнародних спортивних змаганнях. Вивчено питання міжнародного досвіду залучення студентської молоді до спортивної діяльності та використання його у ході планування й організації такої діяльності у закладах вищої освіти України. Встановлено чинники, що лімітують ефективність розвитку студентського спорту, серед яких: відсутність системи цілеспрямованої пропаганди студентського спорту у молодіжному середовищі; відсутність єдиного інформаційного реєстру даних про форми організації спортивної, спортивно-масової та фізкультурно-оздоровчої роботи в конкретному ЗВО; не до кінця визначено статус спортивних клубів, центрів студентського спорту, відсутність єдиної концепції діяльності спортивного клубу; незадовільний стан матеріально-технічної бази., The article analyzes the trends of student sport development with account for national and foreign experience and the peculiarities of its organizational and methodological support. Objective. To consider the development of student sport in Ukraine. Methods. Analysis and generalization of data of literary sources, documentary materials. Results. The main directions of activity of national and foreign sports student organizations are disclosed, statistical data are outlined and the features of state regulation in this area are defined. The content of the normative legal documents regulating the activity of the student sport movement is analyzed, the main directions of the activity of the Sports Student Union of Ukraine are outlined, including the involvement of students in sports activities in higher educational institutions (HEI), organization and holding of sports competitions among students, ensuring their participation in international sports competitions. The issue of international experience of involving students in sports activities and its use during planning and organization of such activities in higher educational institutions of Ukraine was studied. The factors limiting the efficiency of student sport development are identified, among them: the lack of a system of purposeful propaganda of student sport in the youth environment; absence of a unified information register of data on the forms of organization of sports, sports-mass and physical culture and health-related work in a specific HEI; undefined status of sports clubs, centers of student sport, the lack of a unified concept of the sports club activity; unsatisfactory material and technical base.

Studien har för avsiktta reda på vilka motivationsfaktorer som finns bakom ett ideellt ledarskap i en idrottsförening. Med ideellt arbete menas ett arbete som utförs utan ersättning, alternativt med en symbolisk summa på fritiden. Syftet är att i ljuset av den ökade individualiseringen, undersöka och få en djupare förståelse för vilka motivationsfaktorer som ligger till grund för ett ideellt engagemang.Studien har genomförts med kvalitativ metod och baseras på 10 djupintervjuer med personer som arbetar ideellt i en idrottsförening dvs på sin fritid och utan ersättning (alt. med en symbolisk summa). För att få en djupare förståelse till vad som driver människor att arbeta ideellt har uppsatsen använt inre-och yttre motivation, Self-Determination,samt sociologiska teorier om socialt kapital och oegennyttiga handlingar som teoretiska perspektiv. Gemensamt för teorierna är att de alla ryms inom området motivation. Resultatet visar att motiven till att individer börjar arbeta och engagera sig ideellt i en idrottsförening beror på ett flertal olika inre-och yttre motivationsfaktorer. I resultatet framkommer det dock främst att inre motivation såsom glädje i andras glädje och utveckling förekommer som motivation till det ideella engagemanget, trots att ett mindre antal egoistiska motiv också framkom.Studien visar även att individualiseringen har haft påverkan på de ideella idrottsföreningarna och individen motivation att engagera sig ideellt som ledare. Slutligen kan det konstateras att resultatet i denna studie i överlag har likartade resultat som tidigare studier och forskning som har gjorts om detta ämne.