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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Kohler Signs (PTY) Ltd is a sign production company located in Cape Town, South Africa. They manufacture and install signs for the City of Cape Town and private companies as well as manufacture advertisement signs to be placed on vehicles. Road signs consist of steel sheets that are cut and bent to the appropriate size and frame, and an image design, which is cut from re ective vinyl, are applied to the bent steel sheet. The image design consists of various letters, numbers and symbols which are categorised as irregular items. When these irregular items are combined in a distinctive way, with the use of di erent coloured vinyl, they convey a message to the road user which may be to yield for pedestrians crossing the street, or indicate to the road user the various highway exits that exist on the interchange ahead. These irregular items are placed upon re ective vinyl for cutting which results in vinyl o cuts that are wasted. The focus of this thesis is to minimise the waste incurred by placing these irregular items upon the vinyl in an optimal and timely manner for industry use. The vinyl printer, which cuts the irregular items out of the vinyl, consists of a xed width and is only limited in height by the vinyl itself. Thus, this problem may be described as a Two Dimensional Irregular Strip Packing Problem. These irregular items have only a few possible heights for each type of irregular item packed, which allows these irregular items to be packed as a level packing problem. The items are packed within levels as though they are regular items with the assistance of a prede ned rule-set. In this thesis various packing algorithms and image processing methodologies from the literature are researched and used to develop a new packing algorithm for this speci c problem. The newly developed algorithm is put through various benchmarks to test its performance. Some of these benchmarks are procured from Kohler Signs themselves, whereas others are randomly ge, AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kohler Signs (EDMS) Bpk is 'n padteken produksie maatskappy gele e in Kaapstad, Suid-Afrika. Hulle vervaardig en installeer tekens vir die Stad van Kaapstad en privaat maatskappye, sowel as advertensietekens wat op voertuie geplaas word. Padtekens bestaan uit staalplate wat gesny en gebuig word tot die toepaslike grootte en vorm. 'n Beeldontwerp, wat gesny is uit re ektiewe viniel, word vasgesit op die gebuigde staalplaat. Die beeldontwerp bestaan uit verskeie letters, getalle en simbole wat geklassi seer word as onre elmatige items. Wanneer hierdie onre elmatige items gekombineer word op 'n eiesoortige manier, met die gebruik van verskillende kleure viniel, dra hulle 'n boodskap oor aan die padgebruiker, soos byvoorbeeld om toe te gee aan voetgangers by 'n voetoorgang of dit dui aan die padgebruiker die verskillende snelweguitgange wat bestaan op die wisselaar wat voorl^e. Hierdie onre elmatige items word op re ektiewe viniel geplaas en uitgesny wat lei tot die vermorsing van stukkies viniel. Die fokus van hierdie tesis is om die onre elmatige items op 'n optimale en tydige wyse vir gebruik in industrie, op die viniel te plaas sodat die afval stukkies viniel geminimeer word. Die vinieldrukker, wat die onre elmatige items sny uit die viniel, bestaan uit 'n vaste wydte en is slegs beperk in hoogte deur die viniel self. Dus kan hierdie probleem beskryf word as 'n Twee-Dimensionele Onre elmatige Strookverpakkingsprobleem. Hierdie onre elmatige items het slegs 'n paar moontlike hoogtes vir elke tipe van onre elmatige item wat verpak word, wat dit moontlik maak om hierdie onre elmatige items te verpak as 'n strook verpakkingsprobleem. Die items word met behulp van 'n gede nieerde stel re els binne vlakke verpak asof hulle re elmatige items is. In hierdie tesis is verskeie verpakkingsalgoritmes en beeldverwerkingsmetodes van die literatuur nagevors en gebruik om 'n nuwe verpakkingsalgoritme vir hierdie spesi eke probleem te ontwikkel. Die nuut ontwik

Palmer family members gather around the street sign for Palmer Avenue in Newburg, Iowa. In the background you can see the grain elevator and the former Newburg General Store where the Palmer family lived in the early twentieth century. From left to right: Jean Koelle, Janice Koelle, David Yandell, Dorothy Palmer, and Cynthia Palmer, with Nancy Keens kneeling in front.

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-B44CC2DE5E%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/B44CC2DE5E/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-515DDEDD2F%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/515DDEDD2F/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-515DDEDD2F%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/515DDEDD2F/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-B44CC2DE5E%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/B44CC2DE5E/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-B44CC2DE5E%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/B44CC2DE5E/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-515DDEDD2F%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/515DDEDD2F/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-B44CC2DE5E%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/B44CC2DE5E/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-515DDEDD2F%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/515DDEDD2F/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-B44CC2DE5E%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/B44CC2DE5E/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_47/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-PSDA1IC-X-515DDEDD2F%5DSTOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/psda1ic/515DDEDD2F/STOCK_2007_2007-01-15_ICICLES_ICICLES15JAN07_50/!250,250, This photograph was taken by an employee of Michigan Photography, a University of Michigan department, between 2003 and 2016. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ . This means you are free to share and adapt the photograph for any noncommercial purpose, so long as you provide attribution by giving appropriate credit, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes were made. If you have concerns about the inclusion of this image in this collection, please contact the Bentley Historical Library at bentley.ref@umich.edu . If you reuse this photograph, please use the following attribution and copyright notice: © [insert date] Regents of the University of Michigan. This photograph was taken by [insert photographer] and is held by the Bentley Historical Library. It is licensed under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license., http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

Sign indicating the border of the Oneco neighborhood

The present field study was carried out with the aim of gaining more insight into the amount and types of information used by different groups of drivers when navigating in unfamiliar cities. Twenty-four drivers, twelve experienced and twelve inexperienced, twelve male and twelve female, took part in the field study. Subjects had to follow four predetermined routes through a city they were unfamiliar with. Subjects could consult copies of the city street map, of which there were two versions: normal maps, and the same maps containing stickers with names of road signs at particular crossings. Subjects were asked to think aloud while studying maps and while navigating, and their verbalizations were tape recorded. The results showed that subjects mainly used street names, landmarks, and road signs for navigation. Experienced and inexperienced drivers did not differ in the types of information used, nor in the number of navigation errors. Use of the road signs on maps led to fewer navigation errors. Subject who used mainly street names for way finding made more navigation errors and could remember three navigation decisions at most on average. Keywords: Driving; Ergonomics; Navigation; Maps; Netherlands., Summary in English and Dutch.

Printed on back: "Atlanta Public Library. Ga. Nancy Mangiafico. Progress of new library. Street sign at Carnegie Way with new library in the background." Caption: "The Atlanta Library board selected Kozloski as its first choice for the job. Thursday October 8, 1981 C"

Printed on back: "Atlanta Public Library. Ga. Nancy Mangiafico. Progress of new library. Street sign at Carnegie Way with new library in the background." Caption: "The Atlanta Library board selected Kozloski as its first choice for the job. Thursday October 8, 1981 C"

Regains hearing., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

Road signs., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

Construction of International Commerce and Industry buildings, Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair). “Six hyperbolic paraboloid shells blending into a single fluted column make up two of the exhibit buildings; the third, not shown, is simply a box beam shelter. The twin structures actually are a collection of 52 of these shells and, with their classic Oriental overtones, seem to be particularly fitting for the foreign displays they contain. A fine, clean concrete surface was created by coating the four forms with fiberglass. High-early cement was used to cast the 1 ½ in. thick shells. With temperatures ranging from 35 to 65 deg., calcium chloride was added and cylinder strengths of over 3,000 lb. were obtained in 24 hours. Located on the northwest corner of the exposition site, the inside-out umbrellas with their colorful fiberglass panels present an exciting boundary.” (An Architect’s Guidebook to the Seattle World’s Fair. Seattle, Pacific Builder and Engineer, April 1962, p. 32.), Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began., Before the Fair, Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began. The Warren Avenue School opened on February 16, 1903, and operated until 1959, when it was sold to the State of Washington. It was demolished on August 27, 1959. During the Century 21 Exposition, the former school site was the site of the Washington State Coliseum, later known as the Key Arena. (Nile Thompson and Carolyn Marr, Building for Learning, Seattle Public School Histories, 1862-2000. Seattle: Seattle Public Schools, 2002.), Before the Fair, Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began., Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began., Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began. The brick Fire Alarm Office visible in this photo is the future site of the privately-financed Space Needle. “Despite great popularity for the concept, the Space Needle Corporation was formed to build the Space Needle after no other public or private sponsors stepped forward with their financial support. Since condemned land could not be leased to a private party, the City of Seattle sold the property occupied by the Fire Alarm Office near the southeastern periphery of the fair grounds to build the 605-foot structure.” (Cathy Wickwire, Survey Report: Comprehensive Inventory of City-Owned Historic Resources, Seattle, Washington, 2001, p. 23.), Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began. “In 1953…the Nile Temple of the Shrine, a Masonic social and charitable organization,…built a new headquarters building…at the corner of Third Avenue North and Thomas Street. The Nile Temple chose the site in order to permit uniformed units to dress in the Nile Building and then march to the nearby Civic Auditorium for Shrine ceremonials twice a year…The Nile Temple Building was converted for use as the Century 21 Club, a membership organization formed especially for the fair, which offered lounge, dining room, and other club facilities. The $250 membership fee provided a permanent gate pass along with club facilities for the six-month duration of the fair. A vacant space at the front of the building was used to construct a temporary structure, which would house the Christian Witness Pavilion & Child Care Center.” (Cathy Wickwire, Survey Report: Comprehensive Inventory of City-Owned Historic Resources, Seattle, Washington, 2001, pp. 19-22.), Before the Fair, Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began., Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Future site of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World’s Fair). In 1956, the City of Seattle’s Civic Center Advisory Committee selected land surrounding the existing Civic Auditorium at the foot of Queen Anne Hill for the site of the Century 21 Exposition and a future Civic Center for the city. In 1957, the city acquired the property through condemnation. With a few exceptions, including the Civic Auditorium (which was transformed into the Opera House) and the National Guard Armory (which became the Food Circus), most existing buildings were demolished. This set of photos documents the site before demolition began., Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.84 x 20.82 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 90,073,410 bytes.

Show Street was the "adult entertainment" section of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair)."With a thought that a sample of the best of everything belongs at a World's Fair, the northeast corner of the Fairgrounds is devoted to adult entertainment. This area is called Show Street U.S.A. Show Street offers food and drink, exciting show girls, the natural and the unusual. It's a great place to spend an evening… BACKSTAGE, U.S.A. -- A walkthrough review of girls, comedy and song. You see the show on two levels of stage. Below the top stage are the dressing rooms of the show girls so you see them in their natural habitat.” (Official press book : Seattle World's Fair 1962. Seattle: Century 21 Exposition, p. 60.), Before the Fair, Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 20.94 x 25.97 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 91,016,532 bytes.

Show Street was the "adult entertainment" section of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair)."With a thought that a sample of the best of everything belongs at a World's Fair, the northeast corner of the Fairgrounds is devoted to adult entertainment. This area is called Show Street U.S.A. Show Street offers food and drink, exciting show girls, the natural and the unusual. It's a great place to spend an evening… BACKSTAGE, U.S.A. -- A walkthrough review of girls, comedy and song. You see the show on two levels of stage. Below the top stage are the dressing rooms of the show girls so you see them in their natural habitat.” (Official press book : Seattle World's Fair 1962. Seattle: Century 21 Exposition, p. 60.), Before the Fair, Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.97 x 20.94 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 91,016,532 bytes.

Envelope description: "Peachtree sign; Air port, Dan [Lane]" There is no entry for this project on October 8, 1956, in the 1956 Lane Brothers Assignment Book.

Envelope description: "Peachtree sign; Air port, Dan [Lane]" There is no entry for this project on October 8, 1956, in the 1956 Lane Brothers Assignment Book.

One photograph in a series commissioned by Barrett and Hayes from Lane Brothers Photo News Service. Partner Ellis B. Barrett was the contact for Barrett and Hayes. The commission is listed in the Lane Brothers' Assignment Book for 1951 (page 26): "Barrett & Hayes, by Barrett. 2 Photos of man and woman (heads) -- $28.00. 5 Photos wreck scene Center Hill Baptist Church [now called First Corinth Missionary Baptist Church], Bankhead Highway; [and] January 22, 2 Photos wrecked car Wagstaff -- $8.00." The Assignment book indicates that Charles D. Jackson was the photographer. This photograph is of the Bankhead Highway at Mildred Place, showing the concrete corner post with the names of the streets highlighted in black. The church is barely visible on the upper left.

Photograph of signs and advertisements along Charles and Lanvale Streets in Baltimore, Maryland.

Photograph looking west of the facade of the Association of Commerce Building at 20-22 Light Street in downtown Baltimore, Maryland. The image shows an active street scene with pedestrians, a passing trolley car and a row of parked automobiles. The six-story brick building with granite base housed the Oriole Cafeteria, whose sign is visible on a ground floor window. A lamp post with street signage indicates the building sits just north of the intersection where Water Street meets Light street. [Editor's Note: An article in the Baltimore Sun on February 1, 2020 states that the building was originally constructed immediately following the Great Baltimore Fire of 1904 to house the operations of William Lanahan & Son, makers of Hunter-brand rye whiskey. Their original building at this site was destroyed by the fire. The article lists the architects as Otto Simonson and Theodore W. Pietsch, who designed the building to withstand another calamity. Corporate offices for the Oriole Cafeteria restaurants were housed in upper story offices in the building.]

Photograph of Tracey and Berner Auto Co., located at Calvert and Federal sts., taken looking from St. Paul Street showing other signs, lit up at night.

Photograph of signs and advertisements along Charles and Lanvale Streets in Baltimore, Maryland.

Regains hearing., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

Road signs., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

Mr. Alston [?] interviewed by Jim Nickerson regarding the recovery of street signs stolen by Ball State University students., This film originated from WLBC-TV and was (possibly) a part of a segment titled, “Week in Review.” The station was created in 1953 by Don Burton. WLBC-TV Channel 49 was sold in 1971 to a local non-profit group, who changed the station's callsign to the current WIPB-TV, now licensed by Ball State University., This archival material has been provided for educational purposes. Ball State University Libraries recognizes that some historic items may include offensive content. Our statement regarding objectionable content is available at: https://dmr.bsu.edu/digital/about

Three photos of road signs on the road from Derma to Tobruk. The signs are in German and Italian. The photo number 001 shows road signs to Martuba in Libya. The photo 002 depicts a Tobruk sign as well as several signs to various German military installations. The sign on the photo 003 reads "Tobruch". The photo number 004 depicts a milestone "Confine Egiziano K.M. 222" (Egyptian border)

Team of horses pull a float carrying a driver and several women dressed in all white clothing in a parade in honor of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Behind the float are several vehicles. Crowds gather along side the street to view the parade. Alternative title from text inscribed on slide frame., The Historic Sioux Falls Slide Collection, available at the Center for Western Studies, consists of nearly 3,000 photographic slides of Sioux falls and the surrounding area from the 1860s - 1970s. These images depict various historic periods, locations, items, personalities and events. The collection is divided into 16 different sections. These sections include: Industry, Public Buildings, Business Buildings, Transportation, River and Bridges, Street Scenes, Houses, People, Parks, Institutions and Organizations, Churches, Civic Organizations, Small Surrounding Cities, Miscellaneous Sioux Falls items, Bird's eye view of the city, and a select Non-Sioux Falls photographs.

One photograph in a series commissioned by Barrett and Hayes from Lane Brothers Photo News Service. Partner Ellis B. Barrett was the contact for Barrett and Hayes. The commission is listed in the Lane Brothers' Assignment Book for 1951 (page 26): "Barrett & Hayes, by Barrett. 2 Photos of man and woman (heads) -- $28.00. 5 Photos wreck scene Center Hill Baptist Church [now called First Corinth Missionary Baptist Church], Bankhead Highway; [and] January 22, 2 Photos wrecked car Wagstaff -- $8.00." The Assignment book indicates that Charles D. Jackson was the photographer. This photograph is of the Bankhead Highway at Mildred Place, showing the concrete corner post with the names of the streets highlighted in black. The church is barely visible on the upper left.

Envelope description: "Peachtree sign; Air port, Dan [Lane]" There is no entry for this project on October 8, 1956, in the 1956 Lane Brothers Assignment Book.

Envelope description: "Peachtree sign; Air port, Dan [Lane]" There is no entry for this project on October 8, 1956, in the 1956 Lane Brothers Assignment Book.

Show Street was the "adult entertainment" section of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair)."With a thought that a sample of the best of everything belongs at a World's Fair, the northeast corner of the Fairgrounds is devoted to adult entertainment. This area is called Show Street U.S.A. Show Street offers food and drink, exciting show girls, the natural and the unusual. It's a great place to spend an evening… BACKSTAGE, U.S.A. -- A walkthrough review of girls, comedy and song. You see the show on two levels of stage. Below the top stage are the dressing rooms of the show girls so you see them in their natural habitat.” (Official press book : Seattle World's Fair 1962. Seattle: Century 21 Exposition, p. 60.), Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 20.94 x 25.97 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 91,016,532 bytes.

Show Street was the "adult entertainment" section of the Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair)."With a thought that a sample of the best of everything belongs at a World's Fair, the northeast corner of the Fairgrounds is devoted to adult entertainment. This area is called Show Street U.S.A. Show Street offers food and drink, exciting show girls, the natural and the unusual. It's a great place to spend an evening… BACKSTAGE, U.S.A. -- A walkthrough review of girls, comedy and song. You see the show on two levels of stage. Below the top stage are the dressing rooms of the show girls so you see them in their natural habitat.” (Official press book : Seattle World's Fair 1962. Seattle: Century 21 Exposition, p. 60.), Title taken from handwritten caption on verso. Date stamped on verso., 25.97 x 20.94 cm, Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file. Photoshop used to reduce access image to 600 pixels on long edge; master image file size: 91,016,532 bytes.

Construction of International Commerce and Industry buildings, Century 21 Exposition (Seattle World's Fair). “Six hyperbolic paraboloid shells blending into a single fluted column make up two of the exhibit buildings; the third, not shown, is simply a box beam shelter. The twin structures actually are a collection of 52 of these shells and, with their classic Oriental overtones, seem to be particularly fitting for the foreign displays they contain. A fine, clean concrete surface was created by coating the four forms with fiberglass. High-early cement was used to cast the 1 ½ in. thick shells. With temperatures ranging from 35 to 65 deg., calcium chloride was added and cylinder strengths of over 3,000 lb. were obtained in 24 hours. Located on the northwest corner of the exposition site, the inside-out umbrellas with their colorful fiberglass panels present an exciting boundary.” (An Architect’s Guidebook to the Seattle World’s Fair. Seattle, Pacific Builder and Engineer, April 1962, p. 32.), Master image scanned on Epson 10000 XL flatbed at 600 ppi, 24 bit color, saved as TIFF file.