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There is an ever-growing choice of single-cell and spatial 'omics platforms for industry and academia. The scTrends Consortium provides a brief historical overview of the established platforms and companies, revealing market trends and presenting possible angles for how technologies may differentiate themselves., QC 20240807

Excessive carbon emission has led to global warming, resulting in climate change. Due to this, the natural carbon and water cycles are disbalanced leading to extreme (water-related) events, such as flooding, periods of drought and diminished water quality. The degradation of ecosystems and threat to human survival are direct consequences of this process. There is an urgency to act in the upcoming seven years to remain below the 1,5 degree global temperature rise. Aside from reducing CO2 emissions in long-term processes, carbon capturing is crucial to achieve short-term ambitions. Therefore, this study investigates the implementation of (nature-based) carbon sinks strategies, using water(bodies) as a tool, in North-West Europe.. This report fills the gap of knowledge on how to implement water-based decarbonization through spatial interventions in North-West Europe. Firstly, the technical aspects of water-based decarbonization are studied by reviewing existing literature, providing the required spatial conditions for the implementation of water-related carbon sinks. The historical and current conditions in North-West Europe are mapped and analysed. Comparing these results, an evidence-based selection of feasible intervention areas are determined. Our analysis shows that the EuroDelta is the strategic location for the spatial vision for North-West Europe. There is a need for a paradigm shift to restore the self-sustaining system of the Delta, demanding Nature Based Solutions. Wetland restoration is the most efficient, low cost approach of climate change mitigation as the free, well-functioning services of these carbon sinks naturally make way for long-term restoration of the natural balance and societal well-being. They should be restored in original historical sites and the Dutch Delta is suitable. Therefore bottom-up approaches are required in global visions as wetlands restoration is context-specific. We conclude, AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis, Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. Th is study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/ timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha–1) did not signifi cantly diff er from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha–1). Th e proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not diff er by management system, however the total forage BNF-N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg–1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg–1) than organic (2.4 g kg–1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not diff er in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase-labile P. It was concluded that legume-based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg–1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in aintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Legumes are a key source of nitrogen (N) in organic production systems. However, there is evidence that reduced inputs may be leading to deficient soil phosphorus (P) on some organic dairy farms (Roberts et. al. 2008). This may affect crop performance and N fixation in forage legumes. This study aims to gauge the relationship between soil P dynamics in organic dairy systems and legume biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). The study has two main sub-projects: 1. A field survey of soil-test P and legume forage productivity and N fixation on dairy farms in Ontario and Nova Scotia, Canada. 2. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies examining: a) The role of P nutrition in legume growth and N fixation, and b) The P-supplying power of composts, struvite, and a rock P source. Field data was commenced in the 2008 season, and was completed in 2009. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2009. Analyses of 2009 samples are not complete at the report date.

Les légumineuses sont une source importante d'azote (N) en production biologique. Toutefois, il est prouvé que de trop faibles intrants peuvent entraîner une carence de phosphore du sol (P) dans les fermes laitières biologiques (Roberts et coll., 2008), et une réduction possible du rendement des cultures et de la fixation de N par les légumineuses fourragères. La présente étude vise à évaluer le lien entre la dynamique du P du sol et la fixation de l’azote par les légumineuses en gestion biologique (BNF). L’étude a deux principaux sous-projets : 1. Étude sur le terrain de la concentration du P dans le sol, et rendement des légumineuses fourragères et fixation de N dans les fermes laitières de l’Ontario et de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada. 2. Études en chambre de culture et en serre du : a) Rôle nutritif du P dans la croissance des légumineuses et dans la fixation de N. b) Taux d’apport de P des composts, de la struvite et d’une source de phosphate naturel. La cueillette de données sur le terrain, commencée à la saison 2008, a été complétée en 2009. Les études en chambre de croissance et en serre ont été menées en 2009. À la remise du rapport, les analyses des échantillons de 2009 ne sont pas terminées.