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4. Agitation in cognitive disorders: Progress in the International Psychogeriatric Association consensus clinical and research definition.

Author

Sano, M., Cummings, J., Auer, S., Bergh, S., Fischer, C.E., Gerritsen, D.L., Grossberg, G., Ismail, Z., Lanctôt, K., Lapid, M.I., Mintzer, J., Palm, R., Rosenberg, P.B., Splaine, M., Zhong, K., Zhu, C.W., Sano, M., Cummings, J., Auer, S., Bergh, S., Fischer, C.E., Gerritsen, D.L., Grossberg, G., Ismail, Z., Lanctôt, K., Lapid, M.I., Mintzer, J., Palm, R., Rosenberg, P.B., Splaine, M., Zhong, K., and Zhu, C.W.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 305002.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: The International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) published a provisional consensus definition of agitation in cognitive disorders in 2015. As proposed by the original work group, we summarize the use and validation of criteria in order to remove "provisional" from the definition. METHODS: This report summarizes information from the academic literature, research resources, clinical guidelines, expert surveys, and patient and family advocates on the experience of use of the IPA definition. The information was reviewed by a working group of topic experts to create a finalized definition. RESULTS: We present a final definition which closely resembles the provisional definition with modifications to address special circumstances. We also summarize the development of tools for diagnosis and assessment of agitation and propose strategies for dissemination and integration into precision diagnosis and agitation interventions. CONCLUSION: The IPA definition of agitation captures a common and important entity that is recognized by many stakeholders. Dissemination of the definition will permit broader detection and can advance research and best practices for care of patients with agitation., 01 april 2024

Published
2024

5. Reduction and prevention of agitation in persons with neurocognitive disorders: an international psychogeriatric association consensus algorithm.

Author

Cummings, J., Sano, M., Auer, S., Bergh, S., Fischer, C.E., Gerritsen, D.L., Grossberg, G., Ismail, Z., Lanctôt, K., Lapid, M.I., Mintzer, J., Palm, R., Rosenberg, P.B., Splaine, M., Zhong, K., Zhu, C.W., Cummings, J., Sano, M., Auer, S., Bergh, S., Fischer, C.E., Gerritsen, D.L., Grossberg, G., Ismail, Z., Lanctôt, K., Lapid, M.I., Mintzer, J., Palm, R., Rosenberg, P.B., Splaine, M., Zhong, K., and Zhu, C.W.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 305003.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), OBJECTIVES: To develop an agitation reduction and prevention algorithm is intended to guide implementation of the definition of agitation developed by the International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA). DESIGN: Review of literature on treatment guidelines and recommended algorithms; algorithm development through reiterative integration of research information and expert opinion. SETTING: IPA Agitation Workgroup. PARTICIPANTS: IPA panel of international experts on agitation. INTERVENTION: Integration of available information into a comprehensive algorithm. MEASUREMENTS: None. RESULTS: The IPA Agitation Work Group recommends the Investigate, Plan, and Act (IPA) approach to agitation reduction and prevention. A thorough investigation of the behavior is followed by planning and acting with an emphasis on shared decision-making; the success of the plan is evaluated and adjusted as needed. The process is repeated until agitation is reduced to an acceptable level and prevention of recurrence is optimized. Psychosocial interventions are part of every plan and are continued throughout the process. Pharmacologic interventions are organized into panels of choices for nocturnal/circadian agitation; mild-moderate agitation or agitation with prominent mood features; moderate-severe agitation; and severe agitation with threatened harm to the patient or others. Therapeutic alternatives are presented for each panel. The occurrence of agitation in a variety of venues-home, nursing home, emergency department, hospice-and adjustments to the therapeutic approach are presented. CONCLUSIONS: The IPA definition of agitation is operationalized into an agitation management algorithm that emphasizes the integration of psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions, reiterative assessment of response to treatment, adjustment of therapeutic approaches to reflect the clinical situation, and shared decision-making., 01 april 2024

Published
2024

43. Methodological challenges and approaches in nursing home research

Author

Holle, B, Richter, C, Berg, A, Meyer, G, Fleischer, S, Backhaus, R, van Rossum, E, Verbeek, H, Capezuti, E, Hamers, JPH, Zuniga, F, Simon, M, Palm, R, Holle, B, Richter, C, Berg, A, Meyer, G, Fleischer, S, Backhaus, R, van Rossum, E, Verbeek, H, Capezuti, E, Hamers, JPH, Zuniga, F, Simon, M, and Palm, R

Published
2018

46. Methodological challenges and approaches in nursing home research

Author

Holle, B, Richter, C, Berg, A, Meyer, G, Fleischer, S, Backhaus, R, van Rossum, E, Verbeek, H, Capezuti, E, Hamers, JPH, Zuniga, F, Simon, M, Palm, R, Holle, B, Richter, C, Berg, A, Meyer, G, Fleischer, S, Backhaus, R, van Rossum, E, Verbeek, H, Capezuti, E, Hamers, JPH, Zuniga, F, Simon, M, and Palm, R

Published
2018

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