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The electrical system performance can be improved considerably by controlling the reactive power flow in the system. The reactive power control can be achieved by optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem solution and optimal integration of the FACTS devices. With high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and the load growth, the ORPD solution became a challenging and a complex task due to the stochastic nature of the RERs and the load growth. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to solve the stochastic optimal reactive power dispatch (SORPD) with optimal inclusion of PV units, wind turbines and the unified power flow controller (UPFC) under uncertainties of the load growth and the generated powers. An Adaptive Beluga Whale Optimization (ABWO) is proposed for solving the SORPD which is based on the Fitness-Distance Balance Selection (FDBS) strategy and the territorial solitary males' strategy of the Mountain Gazelle Optimizer. The proposed ABWO is tested on IEEE 30-bus system and a comparison with other optimization techniques for solving the ordinary ORPD is presented for validating the proposed ABWO. The obtained results reveal that the TEPL is reduced from 5.3168 MW to 3.97985 MW with optimal integration of the RERs and UPFC. Likewise, the TEVD is reduced from 0.1794p.u. to 0.10689p.u. and the TVSI is decreased from 0.1289p.u. to 0.0476p.u.

Optimal power flow (OPF) problem solution is a crucial task for the operators and decision makers to assign the best setting of the system components to obtain the most economic, environmental, and technical suitable state. Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm is a recent optimization algorithm that has been applied to solving several optimization problems. In this paper, a Modified Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (MAHA) is proposed for improving the performance of the orignal Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm as well as effectivelly solve the OPF problem. The proposed MAHA is based on improving the searching capability by boosting the exploitation using the bandwidth motion around the best solution, while the exploration process is improved using the Levy flight distribution motion and the fitness-distance balance selection. This modified version helps overcome issues such as stagnation, premature convergence, and a propensity for local optima when tackling complex, nonlinear, and non-convex optimization problems like OPF. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, a series of tests are conducted on 23 standard benchmark functions, including CEC2020. The resulting outcomes are then compared to those obtained using other algorithms such as fitness-distance balance selection-based stochastic fractal search (FDBSFS), antlion optimizer (ALO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), sine-cosine algorithm (SCA), fitness-distance balance and learning based artificial bee colony (FDB-TLABC), and traditional artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA).The proposed algorithm is evaluated by solving the OPF problem with multiple objective functions on the IEEE 30-bus system. These objectives include fuel cost, fuel cost with valve loading effects, power losses, emissions, and voltage profile. Additionally, the algorithm's effectiveness is further assessed by testing it on single objective functions using medium and large-scale IEEE 57 and 118-bus networks.The results

Throughout the 19th century, a new way of approaching the Greek culture and people was created by studying the history of their literature from its origins to the first Neo-Hellenic samples. Greek literature handbooks emerged as a new academic genre that, as far as Spain is concerned, was inaugurated by Braulio Foz (1849). Thanks to such handbooks, a new relationship with modern literary creators was configured, less deep, but more panoramic. We are going to study specifically how the idyll was considered from its initial lyrical context to a genre in prose. Thus, we will see how the aforementioned Braulio Foz criticizes the judgments of a well-known French handbook, that of Alexis Pierron, about the poets Bion and Mosco as not very representative authors of the idyll, while echoing the author's judgments about Longus and his French translators. Another notable case is the friendly relationship that Juan Valera maintains with a Salvador Costanzo, who follows Pierron’s trials. In the line of French criticism, Valera is going to offer some important considerations about Longus’ novel, which he describes as «idyll in prose». Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, for his part, stands out as a student of Professor Alfredo Adolfo Camús, who follows the ideas of Franz Ficker. “Clarín”, likewise, reflects in his work a new consideration of the Greek novel in the key of «geographical novel». Fourthly, we will consider the judgments of Ángel Ganivet, a student of González Garbín, regarding Longus’ novel, judgments that are clearly indebted to Valera’s judgments. Finally, we will see the new horizons marked by Gilbert Murray’s handbook and his relationship with Unamuno., A lo largo del siglo XIX se crea una nueva forma de acercamiento a la cultura y el pueblo griegos mediante el estudio de la historia de su literatura, desde los orígenes hasta las primeras manifestaciones neohelénicas. Los manuales de literatura griega constituyeron un nuevo género académico que, en lo que a España respecta, inauguró Braulio Foz (1849). Gracias a tales manuales se configuró una relación novedosa con los modernos creadores literarios, menos profunda, pero más panorámica. Vamos a estudiar concretamente cómo el idilio pasó de ser considerado desde su inicial contexto lírico a la novela en prosa. Así las cosas, veremos cómo el ya citado Braulio Foz critica los juicios de un divulgado manual francés, el de Alexis Pierron, acerca de los poetas Bion y Mosco como autores poco representativos del idilio, al tiempo que se hace eco de los juicios del autor francés sobre Longo y sus traductores galos. Otro caso notable es la relación de amistad que Juan Valera mantiene con Salvador Costanzo, quien sigue los juicios de Pierron. En la línea de la crítica francesa, Valera va a ofrecer unas importantes consideraciones acerca de la novela de Longo, que califica como «idilio en prosa». Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”, por su parte, destaca como alumno del catedrático Alfredo Adolfo Camús, quien sigue las ideas de Franz Ficker. “Clarín”, asimismo, refleja en su obra una nueva consideración de la novela griega en clave de «novela geográfica». En cuarto lugar, revisaremos los juicios de Ángel Ganivet, alumno de González Garbín, en torno a la novela de Longo, juicios que se muestran claramente deudores de las ideas de Valera. Finalmente, veremos el cambio de rumbo que marca el manual de literatura griega de Gilbert Murray y su relación con Unamuno.

Figure S1. m/z distribution diagrams and Base Peak Chromatograms of C. truncatum isolate C428 (from lentil) extracts. (a) PDA extract; (b) PDB extract; (c) Rice extract; (d) Richard extract. Figure S2. m/z distribution diagrams and Base Peak Chromatograms of C. trucatum isolate C431 (from soybean) extracts. (a) PDA extract; (b) PDB extract; (c) Rice extract; (d) Richard extract. Figure S3. m/z distribution diagrams and Base Peak Chromatograms of C. trifolii isolate C436 (from clover extracts. (a) PDA extract; (b) PDB extract; (c) Rice extract; (d) Richard extract. Figure S4. Structure of: validated metabolites with pure standards (level A; red); putatively identified and produced by Colletotrichum spp. (level B(i), blue); putatively identified and produced by other fungal species (level B(ii), black); Structures of Curvupallide A and B (Level C(i), brown). Table S1. Parameters Metaboanalyst 5.0 for LC-MS spectra processing. Table S2. Features lists transformation and scaling for PLS – DA analysis. Q2 and R2 values of PLS – DA models in cross validation. Table S3. Metabolites dereplicated by targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis, organised according to identification level. Table S4. Metabolites dereplicated by targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis, organised according to identification level.

Supplementary Figure S1. 1H-NMR spectrum of ascochlorin (1) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S2. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of ascochlorin (1); Supplementary Figure S3. 1H-NMR spectrum of ascofuranol (2) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S4. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of ascofuranol (2); Supplementary Figure S5. 1H-NMR spectrum of (R)-mevalonolactone (3) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S6. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of (R)-mevalonolactone (3); Supplementary Figure S7. 1H-NMR spectrum of ascosalipyrone (4) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S8. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of ascosalipyrone (4); Supplementary Figure S9. 1H-NMR spectrum of benzoic acid (5) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S10. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of benzoic acid (5); Supplementary Figure S11. 1H-NMR spectrum of tyrosol (6) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S12. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of tyrosol (6); Supplementary Figure S13. 1H-NMR spectrum of ascosalitoxin (7) (CDCl3, 400 MHz); Supplementary Figure S14. ESI/MS (+) spectrum of ascosalitoxin (7); Supplementary Figure S15. Images of the symptoms of each of the compounds. Supplementary Table S1. Diseased area (mm2) measured on detached leaves of several legume crops with exudates from the fungus A. fabae growth in vitro on 3 different culture media (Czapek-Dox = CD, potato dextrose broth = PDB, and rice) at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL. Negative (blank untreated, water and MeOH 5%) controls were also included. The experiment was repeated four times. Supplementary Table S2. Diseased area (mm2) measured in leaves detached from various legume crops with metabolites produced by the exudate of the A. fabae fungus from the three-growth media at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 µM. Negative controls (untreated blank, water, and MeOH 5%) were also included. p-value compared with value from MeOH 5% control.

The study of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) has received great attention from the scientific community. The main objectives of research in this area are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, especially in the automotive industry, and develop new techniques and materials to increase the efficiency of PEMFCs at a reasonable cost. In this regard, the development of high-performance polymeric membranes is presented together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability that work at low and moderate temperatures. Similarly, the development of new techniques or materials for electrodes and catalysts that allow the development of new improved water management techniques within PEMFCs is studied. This chapter examines recent advances and future trends in the modeling of PEMFCs and their components. In addition, it discusses the main applications of PEMFCs and presents current and projected statistical data

Childhood is a stage of discovery and exploration in which learning develops naturally. In this sense, games are essential because through these activities children get to know their environment, develop their skills and learn to interact. At the same time, toys allow them to face reality when they are tools that facilitate conflict resolution. For this research, a qualitative methodology was used, with an exploratory and descriptive scope. Additionally, a previous research was carried out to establish the design parameters of two electronic devices and their didactic strategies. Such devices are characterized as toys that can be used as elements to help stimulate logical thinking and facilitate the development of various abilities, such as attention, abstraction, memory, representation, symbolization and problem solving in children between five and seven years of age., La etapa de la niñez constituye una época para el descubrimiento y la exploración en la que se desarrolla el aprendizaje de una forma natural, en este sentido los juegos son esenciales porque a través de estas actividades los niños conocen su entorno, desarrollan sus habilidades y aprenden a relacionarse, mientras que los juguetes les permiten enfrentarse a la realidad cuando son herramientas que facilitan la resolución de conflictos. Para el proyecto se empleó una metodología cualitativa, con alcance exploratorio y descriptivo, junto a una investigación previa que permitió establecer los parámetros de diseño de dos dispositivos electrónicos junto con sus estrategias didácticas, que tienen las características de ser juguetes que pueden ser utilizados como elementos para ayudar en la estimulación del pensamiento lógico en niños de entre cinco y siete años, los cuales facilitan el desarrollo de diversas habilidades, como la atención, la abstracción, la memoria, la representación, la simbolización y la resolución de problemas.

Different fungal species belonging to the Colletotrichum genus cause anthracnose disease in a range of major crops, resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. Typical symptoms include dark, sunken lesions on leaves, stems, or fruits. Colletotrichum spp. have synthesized, in vitro, a number of biologically active and structurally unusual metabolites that are involved in their host’s infection process. In this study, we applied a one strain many compounds (OSMAC) approach, integrated with targeted and non-targeted metabolomics profiling, to shed light on the secondary phytotoxic metabolite panels produced by pathogenic isolates of Colletotrichum truncatum and Colletotrichum trifolii. The phytotoxicity of the fungal crude extracts was also assessed on their primary hosts and related legumes, and the results correlated with the metabolite profile that arose from the different cultural conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the OSMAC strategy integrated with metabolomics approaches has been applied to Colletotrichum species involved in legume diseases.

Fungal phytotoxins can be defined as secondary metabolites toxic to host plants and are believed to be involved in the symptoms developed of a number of plant diseases by targeting host cellular machineries or interfering with host immune responses. As any crop, legumes can be affected by a number of fungal diseases, causing severe yield losses worldwide. In this review, we report and discuss the isolation, chemical, and biological characterization of fungal phytotoxins produced by the most important necrotrophic fungi involved in legume diseases. Their possible role in plant-pathogen interaction and structure-toxicity relationship studies have also been reported and discussed. Moreover, multidisciplinary studies on other prominent biological activity conducted on reviewed phytotoxins are described. Finally, we explore the challenges in the identification of new fungal metabolites and their possible applications in future experiments.

Ascochyta blight, caused by Ascochyta fabae, poses a significant threat to faba bean and other legumes worldwide. Necrotic lesions on stems, leaves, and pods characterize the disease. Given the economic impact of this pathogen and the potential involvement of secondary metabolites in symptom development, a study was conducted to investigate the fungus's ability to produce bioactive metabolites that might contribute to its pathogenicity. For this investigation, the fungus was cultured in three substrates (Czapek-Dox, PDB, and rice). The produced metabolites were analyzed by NMR and LC-HRMS methods, resulting in the dereplication of seven metabolites, which varied with the cultural substrates. Ascochlorin, ascofuranol, and (R)-mevalonolactone were isolated from the Czapek-Dox extract; ascosalipyrone, benzoic acid, and tyrosol from the PDB extract; and ascosalitoxin and ascosalipyrone from the rice extract. The phytotoxicity of the pure metabolites was assessed at different concentrations on their primary hosts and related legumes. The fungal exudates displayed varying degrees of phytotoxicity, with the Czapek-Dox medium's exudate exhibiting the highest activity across almost all legumes tested. The species belonging to the genus Vicia spp. were the most susceptible, with faba bean being susceptible to all metabolites, at least at the highest concentration tested, as expected. In particular, ascosalitoxin and benzoic acid were the most phytotoxic in the tested condition and, as a consequence, expected to play an important role on necrosis's appearance.

Reseña de: Erasmo de Róterdam, Coloquios, edición de Julián Solana Pujalte y Rocío Carande, primera traducción española completa de Rocío Carande, Jorge Grau Jiménez, Jorge Ledo, Mariano Madrid Castro, Miguel Rodríguez-Pantoja Márquez, Francisco Socas y Julián Solana Pujalte, 2 volúmenes, Zaragoza, Libros Pórtico, 2020, páginas 1-530 + I-VI, volumen I, y 531-1037 + VII-VIII, volumen II, ISBN 978-84-7956-201-4 (obra completa), 978-84-7956-199-4 (tomo I) y 978-84-7956-200-7 (tomo II)

Reseña de: Erasmo de Róterdam, Coloquios, edición de Julián Solana Pujalte y Rocío Carande, primera traducción española completa de Rocío Carande, Jorge Grau Jiménez, Jorge Ledo, Mariano Madrid Castro, Miguel Rodríguez-Pantoja Márquez, Francisco Socas y Julián Solana Pujalte, 2 volúmenes, Zaragoza, Libros Pórtico, 2020, páginas 1-530 + I-VI, volumen I, y 531-1037 + VII-VIII, volumen II, ISBN 978-84-7956-201-4 (obra completa), 978-84-7956-199-4 (tomo I) y 978-84-7956-200-7 (tomo II)

[Background] Rusts and powdery mildews are severe fungal diseases of major crops worldwide, including cereals and legumes. They can be managed by chemical fungicide treatments, with negative consequences as environmental pollution and risk for human and animal health. Bioactive natural products could be the safest alternative for pest control. The family of anthraquinones, as well as analogue compounds containing an anthraquinone moiety or some modified anthraquinone rings, has been reported to exhibit certain antibiotic activity. Thus, the potential antifungal activity of some anthraquinones isolated from Ascochyta lentis, was assayed in this study for their effectiveness to reduce rust and powdery mildew diseases on pea and oat. Their effect on fungal development was macro- and microscopically assessed on inoculated leaves, and compared to the control achieved by the chemical fungicide (Tetraconazol 12.5% and Azoxystrobin 25%). In addition, the most promising compound was also tested at different concentrations in inoculated whole plants in order to evaluate its preventive and curative potential against fungal infection., [Results] All metabolites studied strongly reduced the development of rust and powdery mildews in both pea and oat, being pachybasin and lentiquinone C the most effective ones in hampering fungal spore germination and appressoria formation. Some of them also affected post-penetration events reducing colony size and number of haustoria per colony. Results were confirmed for pachybasin in whole plants assays, showing an efficacy similar to the commercial fungicide to control fungal diseases, both in preventive and curative applications. [Conclusions] Some fungal anthraquinones and close metabolites, especially pachybasin, could be very promising molecules with effective potential as antifungal agents against both rust and powdery mildew of both pea and oat. Some structure activity-relationships feature have also been evaluated. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

This paper presents an energy management system (EMS) based on a novel approach using model predictive control (MPC) for the optimized operation of power sources in a hybrid charging station for electric vehicles (EVs). The hybrid charging station is composed of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery, a complete hydrogen system based on a fuel cell (FC), electrolyzer (EZ), and tank as an energy storage system (ESS), grid connection, and six fast charging units, all of which are connected to a common MVDC bus through Z-source converters (ZSC). The MPC-based EMS is designed to control the power flow among the energy sources of the hybrid charging station and reduce the utilization costs of the ESS and the dependency on the grid. The viability of the EMS was proved under a long-term simulation of 25 years in Simulink, using real data for the sun irradiance and a European load profile for EVs. Furthermore, this EMS is compared with a simpler alternative that is used as a benchmark, which pursues the same objectives, although using a states-based strategy. The results prove the suitability of the EMS, achieving a lower utilization cost (-25.3%), a notable reduction in grid use (-60% approximately) and an improvement in efficiency.

Reseña de Antonio Cussen, El milenio según Virgilio, Santiago de Chile, Ediciones Tácitas, 2018, 3 volúmenes, 495, 386 y 209, ISBN 978-956-379-068-9

A la luz de las corrientes ideológicas conservadoras y progresistas en la España del siglo XIX, cuyo influjo se dio en los más diversos ámbitos, incluso en el educativo, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar las visiones que se transmitían sobre Epicuro y Lucrecio a los estudiantes de la época, por medio de los manuales escolares españoles de las literaturas clásicas griega y latina. La elección de estos dos autores antiguos se debe al estigma que se ha creado sobre sus figuras y la polarización de juicios acerca de su doctrina filosófica. En cierto modo, el epicureísmo se ajustaba a los ideales de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su análisis en los manuales responde al hecho de que estos documentos, dentro de sus múltiples funciones, reflejan las ideas del momento..

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

In the eighties of 20th century, Vergil was interpreted from a precise and particular approach inspired by Nietzsche. This new vision could be categorized, basically, as the idea of death (Broch), the sickness of poetry (García Calvo), the commemoration (remembrance) of the bimillennium of his death (Colinas), his poetic rereading from a new aesthetics (Borges and Bernhard), the boom of verse translation (Fontán Barreiro) and, finally, the remarkable pictorial rereading of his Eneida (Carlos Franco). Therefore, this essay tries to give an account of a specific decade in Vergil̓s historical reception., Los años ochenta del siglo XX miraron a Virgilio con una visión precisa y propia, inspirada por Nietzsche, y que podría definirse, básicamente, por la idea de la muerte (Broch), la enfermedad de la poesía (García Calvo), la conmemoración del bimilenario de su muerte (Colinas), su relectura poética en la clave de nuevas estéticas (Borges y Bernhard), el auge de la traducción en verso (Fontán Barreiro) y, finalmente, la relectura visual de su Eneida (Carlos Franco). Este trabajo se propone, mediante el análisis de una colección de los documentos que ilustran tales aspectos, dar cuenta de cómo el decenio de los años ochenta ha configurado una imagen particular de Virgilio.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

Reseña de Antonio Cussen, El milenio según Virgilio, Santiago de Chile, Ediciones Tácitas, 2018, 3 volúmenes, 495, 386 y 209, ISBN 978-956-379-068-9

A la luz de las corrientes ideológicas conservadoras y progresistas en la España del siglo XIX, cuyo influjo se dio en los más diversos ámbitos, incluso en el educativo, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar las visiones que se transmitían sobre Epicuro y Lucrecio a los estudiantes de la época, por medio de los manuales escolares españoles de las literaturas clásicas griega y latina. La elección de estos dos autores antiguos se debe al estigma que se ha creado sobre sus figuras y la polarización de juicios acerca de su doctrina filosófica. En cierto modo, el epicureísmo se ajustaba a los ideales de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su análisis en los manuales responde al hecho de que estos documentos, dentro de sus múltiples funciones, reflejan las ideas del momento..

A la luz de las corrientes ideológicas conservadoras y progresistas en la España del siglo XIX, cuyo influjo se dio en los más diversos ámbitos, incluso en el educativo, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar las visiones que se transmitían sobre Epicuro y Lucrecio a los estudiantes de la época, por medio de los manuales escolares españoles de las literaturas clásicas griega y latina. La elección de estos dos autores antiguos se debe al estigma que se ha creado sobre sus figuras y la polarización de juicios acerca de su doctrina filosófica. En cierto modo, el epicureísmo se ajustaba a los ideales de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su análisis en los manuales responde al hecho de que estos documentos, dentro de sus múltiples funciones, reflejan las ideas del momento.., Given the conservative and progressive ideological trends in19th-century Spain, whose influence can be found in a diverse array of fields, including education, this thesis seeks to analyze the visions ofEpicurus and Lucretius taught in that era through an examination of Spanish handbooks on classical Greek and Latin literature. These twoancient writers were selected because of the stigma that has arisen around them and the polarized opinions surrounding their philosophicteachings. In some ways, epicureanism fits within 18th- and 19th century ideals. Its analysis in these handbooks responds to the fact that these documents, in their manifold functions, reflect the ideas of the moment...

Reseña de Antonio Cussen, El milenio según Virgilio, Santiago de Chile, Ediciones Tácitas, 2018, 3 volúmenes, 495, 386 y 209, ISBN 978-956-379-068-9

A la luz de las corrientes ideológicas conservadoras y progresistas en la España del siglo XIX, cuyo influjo se dio en los más diversos ámbitos, incluso en el educativo, este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar las visiones que se transmitían sobre Epicuro y Lucrecio a los estudiantes de la época, por medio de los manuales escolares españoles de las literaturas clásicas griega y latina. La elección de estos dos autores antiguos se debe al estigma que se ha creado sobre sus figuras y la polarización de juicios acerca de su doctrina filosófica. En cierto modo, el epicureísmo se ajustaba a los ideales de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su análisis en los manuales responde al hecho de que estos documentos, dentro de sus múltiples funciones, reflejan las ideas del momento.., Given the conservative and progressive ideological trends in19th-century Spain, whose influence can be found in a diverse array of fields, including education, this thesis seeks to analyze the visions ofEpicurus and Lucretius taught in that era through an examination of Spanish handbooks on classical Greek and Latin literature. These twoancient writers were selected because of the stigma that has arisen around them and the polarized opinions surrounding their philosophicteachings. In some ways, epicureanism fits within 18th- and 19th century ideals. Its analysis in these handbooks responds to the fact that these documents, in their manifold functions, reflect the ideas of the moment...

In this paper we study an stochastic system of differential equations with nonlocal discrete diffusion. For two type of noises we study the existence of either positive or probability solutions. Also, we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of solutions in the long term, showing that under suitable assumptions they tend to a neighborhood of the unique deterministic fixed point. Finally, we perform numerical simulations and discuss the application of the results to life tables for mortality in Spain.

In this paper we study an stochastic system of differential equations with nonlocal discrete diffusion. For two type of noises we study the existence of either positive or probability solutions. Also, we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of solutions in the long term, showing that under suitable assumptions they tend to a neighborhood of the unique deterministic fixed point. Finally, we perform numerical simulations and discuss the application of the results to life tables for mortality in Spain.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

This research simulated the behavior of an active indirect hybrid dehydrator with the atmospheric conditions of the city of Riobamba because there is a need to dehydrate fruits and vegetables that in times of overproduction do not reach the market. Develops a methodology that allows a good approximation of the solution. It starts with the design of the dehydrator prototype and then undergoes a meshing process, once a good quality mesh is obtained, the physical models that are going to be used in the simulation are selected, then the physical properties and conditions are entered. of contour that corresponds to the climatic conditions of the city of Riobamba, for its later simulation; After simulating the prototype, it is verified that the curve of physical variables to be calculated has stabilized and the residual curves are below the set value. If it complies with these two steps, it can be determined that the simulation is correct. For the validation of the results obtained in the simulation, data from a similar investigation are used. It is necessary to carry out the simulation to be able to determine if the designed dehydrator can work in the optimal range of temperatures for dehydration., En la presente investigación se simula el comportamiento de un deshidratador hibrido indirecto activo con las condiciones atmosféricas de la ciudad de Riobamba, debido a que existe la necesidad de deshidratar frutas y verduras que en tiempos de sobreproducción no alcanzan a llegar al mercado. Para ello, se desarrolla una metodología que permitirá tener una buena aproximación de la solución. Se parte del diseño del prototipo de deshidratador para luego someterle a un proceso de mallado. Una vez que se tiene una malla de buena calidad, se seleccionan los modelos físicos que se van a utilizar en la simulación. Posteriormente, se ingresan las propiedades físicas y condiciones de contorno que corresponden a las condiciones climáticas de la ciudad de Riobamba para su posterior simulación. Simulado el prototipo, se verifica que la curva de variables físicas que se desean calcular se ha estabilizado y las curvas de residuales estén por debajo del valor seteado, si cumple con estos dos pasos se puede determinar que la simulación es correcta. Para la validación de los resultados obtenidos en la simulación se utilizan datos de una investigación similar. Es necesario realizar la simulación para poder determinar si el deshidratador diseñado puede trabajar en el rango óptimo de temperaturas para la deshidratación.

In the eighties of 20th century, Vergil was interpreted from a precise and particular approach inspired by Nietzsche. This new vision could be categorized, basically, as the idea of death (Broch), the sickness of poetry (García Calvo), the commemoration (remembrance) of the bimillennium of his death (Colinas), his poetic rereading from a new aesthetics (Borges and Bernhard), the boom of verse translation (Fontán Barreiro) and, finally, the remarkable pictorial rereading of his Eneida (Carlos Franco). Therefore, this essay tries to give an account of a specific decade in Vergil̓s historical reception., Los años ochenta del siglo XX miraron a Virgilio con una visión precisa y propia, inspirada por Nietzsche, y que podría definirse, básicamente, por la idea de la muerte (Broch), la enfermedad de la poesía (García Calvo), la conmemoración del bimilenario de su muerte (Colinas), su relectura poética en la clave de nuevas estéticas (Borges y Bernhard), el auge de la traducción en verso (Fontán Barreiro) y, finalmente, la relectura visual de su Eneida (Carlos Franco). Este trabajo se propone, mediante el análisis de una colección de los documentos que ilustran tales aspectos, dar cuenta de cómo el decenio de los años ochenta ha configurado una imagen particular de Virgilio.

Reseña de: Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus I, Praefatio et Libri I-X, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, lxiv + 396 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969501-0 Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus II, Libri XI-XX, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, ix + 764 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969502-7 Leofranc Holford-Strevens, Gelliana: A Textual Companion to the Noctes Atticae of Aulus Gellius, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2020, xx + 204 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969393-1

Two anthologies of the Attic Nights by Aulus Gellius, published in Argentina in 1952 and 1959, are analyzed and compared: that of José María de Cossío and that of Santiago Sentís Melendo, respectively. While the first affects the anecdotal and curious interest of Gellius’ work, the second develops a legal reading. In any case, both anthologies show a renewed interest in the Attic Nights, a work that since the seventeenth century was considered as a mere compilation., Se analizan y comparan dos antologías de las Noches áticas de Aulo Gelio publicadas en Argentina en 1952 y 1959: la de José María de Cossío y la de Santiago Sentís Melendo, respectivamente. Mientras la primera incide en el interés anecdótico y curioso de la obra de Gelio, la segunda desarrolla una lectura jurídica. En cualquier caso, ambas antologías muestran un renovado interés por las Noches áticas, obra que desde el siglo XVII era considerada como una mera compilación.

La lectura de la poesía de Safo en la novela La cólera de Aquiles (1979), tercera parte de Antagonía, escrita por Luis Goytisolo, ha pasado casi desapercibida para la crítica. Esta lectura ha sido tomada significativamente de la antología y traducción que Joan Ferraté hizo para Seix Barral de los líricos griegos arcaicos (1968). Nos proponemos rescatar los pasajes donde aparecen los textos líricos y analizar su función en la novela. Por lo demás, la impronta de Joan Ferraté puede ser más profunda de lo que se supondría a simple vista.

Reseña de: Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus I, Praefatio et Libri I-X, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, lxiv + 396 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969501-0 Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus II, Libri XI-XX, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, ix + 764 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969502-7 Leofranc Holford-Strevens, Gelliana: A Textual Companion to the Noctes Atticae of Aulus Gellius, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2020, xx + 204 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969393-1

Nowadays, having a mechanism to guarantee the traceability of the information and to monitor the evolution of the news from its origin, and having elements to know the reputation and credibility of the media, analyze the news as well as its evolution and possible manipulation, etc. is becoming increasingly significant. Transparency in journalism is currently a key element in performing serious and rigorous journalism. End-users and fact-checking agencies need to be able to check and verify the information published in different media. This transparency principle enables the tracking of news stories and allows direct access to the source of essential content to contrast the information it contains and to know whether it has been manipulated. Additionally, the traceability of news constitutes another instrument in the fight against the lack of credibility, the manipulation of information, misinformation campaigns and the propagation of fake news. This article aims to show how to use Blockchain to facilitate the tracking and traceability of news so that it can provide support to the automatic indexing and extraction of relevant information from newspaper articles to facilitate the monitoring of the news story and allows users to verify the veracity of what they are reading.

Assessment of power systems voltage stability is considered an important assignment for the operation and planning of power system. In this paper, a voltage stability study using Continuous Power Flow (CPF) is introduced to evaluate the impact of Distribution Generator (DG) on radial distribution systems. On the way to allocate the DG, a hybrid between the Voltage Stability Index (VSI) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is developed. The main purpose of using VSI is to find the most sensitive buses for allocating the DG in the system. Hence, Fuzzy logic control with the Normalized VSI (NVSI) and the voltage magnitude at each bus are used to determine the candidate buses. However, the best DG size is calculated using WOA. Four standard radial distribution systems are used in this paper; 12, 33, 69, and 85-bus. The developed hybrid optimization method is compared with other existing analytical and metaheuristic optimization techniques to prove its efficiency. The results prove the ability of the developed method in the allocation of DG. In addition, the influence of the DG integration on enhancing the voltage stability through injecting the proper active and reactive powers is studied.

Reseña de: Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus I, Praefatio et Libri I-X, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, lxiv + 396 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969501-0 Leofranc Holford-Strevens (ed.), Auli Gellii Noctes Atticae ab Leofranco Holford-Strevens recognitae brevique adnotatione instructae. Tomus II, Libri XI-XX, Oxford, Oxford Classical Texts, 2020, ix + 764 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969502-7 Leofranc Holford-Strevens, Gelliana: A Textual Companion to the Noctes Atticae of Aulus Gellius, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2020, xx + 204 páginas, ISBN 978-0-19-969393-1

Two anthologies of the Attic Nights by Aulus Gellius, published in Argentina in 1952 and 1959, are analyzed and compared: that of José María de Cossío and that of Santiago Sentís Melendo, respectively. While the first affects the anecdotal and curious interest of Gellius’ work, the second develops a legal reading. In any case, both anthologies show a renewed interest in the Attic Nights, a work that since the seventeenth century was considered as a mere compilation., Se analizan y comparan dos antologías de las Noches áticas de Aulo Gelio publicadas en Argentina en 1952 y 1959: la de José María de Cossío y la de Santiago Sentís Melendo, respectivamente. Mientras la primera incide en el interés anecdótico y curioso de la obra de Gelio, la segunda desarrolla una lectura jurídica. En cualquier caso, ambas antologías muestran un renovado interés por las Noches áticas, obra que desde el siglo XVII era considerada como una mera compilación.