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This paper is primarily concerned with determining and assessing the properties of a cement-based composite material containing large particles of aggregate in digital manufacturing. The motivation is that mixtures with larger aggregate sizes offer benefits such as increased resistance to cracking, savings in other material components (such as Portland cement), and ultimately cost savings. Consequently, in the context of 3D Construction/Concrete Print technology (3DCP), these materials are environmentally friendly, unlike the fine-grained mixtures previously utilized. Prior to printing, these limits must be established within the virtual environment's process parameters in order to reduce the amount of waste produced. This study extends the existing research in the field of large-scale 3DCP by employing coarse aggregate (crushed coarse river stone) with a maximum particle size of 8 mm. The research focuses on inverse material characterization, with the primary goal of determining the optimal combination of three monitored process parameters-print speed, extrusion height, and extrusion width-that will maximize buildability. Design Of Experiment was used to cover all possible variations and reduce the number of required simulations. In particular, the Box-Behnken method was used for three factors and a central point. As a result, thirteen combinations of process parameters covering the area of interest were determined. Thirteen numerical simulations were conducted using the Abaqus software, and the outcomes were discussed.

This paper is primarily concerned with determining and assessing the properties of a cement-based composite material containing large particles of aggregate in digital manufacturing. The motivation is that mixtures with larger aggregate sizes offer benefits such as increased resistance to cracking, savings in other material components (such as Portland cement), and ultimately cost savings. Consequently, in the context of 3D Construction/Concrete Print technology (3DCP), these materials are environmentally friendly, unlike the fine-grained mixtures previously utilized. Prior to printing, these limits must be established within the virtual environment's process parameters in order to reduce the amount of waste produced. This study extends the existing research in the field of large-scale 3DCP by employing coarse aggregate (crushed coarse river stone) with a maximum particle size of 8 mm. The research focuses on inverse material characterization, with the primary goal of determining the optimal combination of three monitored process parameters-print speed, extrusion height, and extrusion width-that will maximize buildability. Design Of Experiment was used to cover all possible variations and reduce the number of required simulations. In particular, the Box-Behnken method was used for three factors and a central point. As a result, thirteen combinations of process parameters covering the area of interest were determined. Thirteen numerical simulations were conducted using the Abaqus software, and the outcomes were discussed.

En la societat actual, les tecnologies de fabricació digital neixen o es reinventen contínuament, i en l'era digital en el qual vivim, cada vegada és més necessari coneixements de nous mètodes per a crear i fer realitat les idees. En el present projecte s'estableix un pla d'empresa referent al desenvolupament d'un espai creatiu i digital dotat de la maquinària i el personal necessari per a desenvolupar el concepte de ‘’espai *maker enfocat a l'ensenyament’’ per a un públic de 5 a 24 anys principalment, del districte de *Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. La proposta de l'espai es basa en un enfocament creatiu i divertit, on els usuaris tinguin llibertat d'elecció quant al servei a realitzar a cada moment, amb la guia dels treballadors i col·laborant de tu a tu amb els companys, seguint la filosofia *maker. El lloc, anomenat *BellMaker, oferirà tallers, cursos i el mateix espai d'ús lliure per als socis que busquen crear, aprendre i divertir-se al mateix temps. Per a això és necessari un equip especialitzat i apassionat format inicialment per 7 persones, encarregats dels processos operatius i estratègics de l'empresa. Com a conclusió, s'ha pogut extreure que el mercat actual ens ensenya grans possibilitats a causa de l'escassa oferta similar als voltants, i a la demanda creixent de l'aprenentatge a través de l'experiència per a desenvolupar noves capacitats i mètodes de treballar necessaris per a un futur., En la sociedad actual, las tecnologías de fabricación digital nacen o se reinventan continuamente, y en la era digital en el cual vivimos, cada vez es más necesario conocimientos de nuevos métodos para crear y hacer realidad las ideas. En el presente proyecto se establece un plan de empresa referente al desarrollo de un espacio creativo y digital dotado de la maquinaria y el personal necesario para desarrollar el concepto de ‘’espacio maker enfocado a la enseñanza’’ para un público de 5 a 24 años principalmente, del distrito de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat. La propuesta del espacio se basa en un enfoque creativo y divertido, donde los usuarios tengan libertad de elección en cuanto al servicio a realizar en cada momento, con la guía de los trabajadores y colaborando de tú a tú con los compañeros, siguiendo la filosofía maker. El lugar, llamado BellMaker, ofrecerá talleres, cursos y el mismo espacio de uso libre para los socios que buscan crear, aprender y divertirse al mismo tiempo. Para ello es necesario un equipo especializado y apasionado formado inicialmente por 7 personas, encargados de los procesos operativos y estratégicos de la empresa. Como conclusión, se ha podido extraer que el mercado actual nos enseña grandes posibilidades debido a la escasa oferta similar en los alrededores, y a la demanda creciente del aprendizaje a través de la experiencia para desarrollar nuevas capacidades y métodos de trabajar necesarios para un futuro., In today's society, digital fabrication technologies are born or reinvented continuously, and in the digital era in which we live, it is increasingly necessary knowledge of new methods to create and realize ideas. This project establishes a business plan concerning the development of a creative and digital space equipped with the necessary machinery and personnel to develop the concept of ''maker space focused on education'' for an audience of 5 to 24 years mainly, in the district of Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. The proposal of the space is based on a creative and fun approach, where users have freedom of choice as to the service to be performed at all times, with the guidance of workers and collaborating one on one with colleagues, following the maker philosophy. The place, called BellMaker, will offer workshops, courses and the same space for free use for members looking to create, learn and have fun at the same time. This requires a specialized and passionate team, initially composed of 7 people, in charge of the operational and strategic processes of the company. As a conclusion, it has been possible to extract that the current market shows us great possibilities due to the scarce similar offer in the surroundings, and the growing demand for experiential learning to develop new skills and working methods necessary for the future.

This paper enquires into the relationship between the rigorous graphic construction of penumbra and shadow and the idea of a developable surface circumscribed to two cores (whether these are curves or surfaces). The frst rigorously constructed graphic representations of shadow and penumbra appearing in diferent historical treatises are contextualised and contrasted with the frst works addressing the mathematical description of such surfaces. We describe how artisans and artists have employed physical and mechanical models to construct circumscribed developable surfaces, examining both their formal exploration and constructive formalisation. Next we extrapolate the mechanisms for generating circumscribed surfaces to digital and parametric models. The two procedures presented here evince the existing geometric limits of this way of generating a surface, thus infuencing its constructive applications. Lastly, several examples of ephemeral architecture based on such procedures are ofered, in which the digital design and manufacturing of experimental pavilions with circumscribed developable surfaces are addressed.

This paper is primarily concerned with determining and assessing the properties of a cement-based composite material containing large particles of aggregate in digital manufacturing. The motivation is that mixtures with larger aggregate sizes offer benefits such as increased resistance to cracking, savings in other material components (such as Portland cement), and ultimately cost savings. Consequently, in the context of 3D Construction/Concrete Print technology (3DCP), these materials are environmentally friendly, unlike the fine-grained mixtures previously utilized. Prior to printing, these limits must be established within the virtual environment's process parameters in order to reduce the amount of waste produced. This study extends the existing research in the field of large-scale 3DCP by employing coarse aggregate (crushed coarse river stone) with a maximum particle size of 8 mm. The research focuses on inverse material characterization, with the primary goal of determining the optimal combination of three monitored process parameters-print speed, extrusion height, and extrusion width-that will maximize buildability. Design Of Experiment was used to cover all possible variations and reduce the number of required simulations. In particular, the Box-Behnken method was used for three factors and a central point. As a result, thirteen combinations of process parameters covering the area of interest were determined. Thirteen numerical simulations were conducted using the Abaqus software, and the outcomes were discussed.

Digital manufacturing can produce new and advanced tools more rapidly and at lower cost than traditional manufacturing. This new technology means manufacturers need to develop innovative business models adapted to this change in the manufacturing landscape. With digital manufacturing, companies have both an opportunity and a challenge. They can enter new markets where large-scale production provides competitive advantage. They can enter niche markets that become more attractive as old boundaries and structures lose relevance. Yet their additive manufactured components must meet the same standards set for conventional manufactured components. However, we know little about how companies manage this change as they make the transition from traditional manufacturing to digital manufacturing. This chapter presents two co-creation digital manufacturing projects between university researchers and Swedish companies. In each project, the goal was to develop sustainable and efficient digital production methods that offer tailor-made product solutions. Various technical methods used in the projects are described as materials, and prototypes are developed, tested, and analyzed.

This paper enquires into the relationship between the rigorous graphic construction of penumbra and shadow and the idea of a developable surface circumscribed to two cores (whether these are curves or surfaces). The frst rigorously constructed graphic representations of shadow and penumbra appearing in diferent historical treatises are contextualised and contrasted with the frst works addressing the mathematical description of such surfaces. We describe how artisans and artists have employed physical and mechanical models to construct circumscribed developable surfaces, examining both their formal exploration and constructive formalisation. Next we extrapolate the mechanisms for generating circumscribed surfaces to digital and parametric models. The two procedures presented here evince the existing geometric limits of this way of generating a surface, thus infuencing its constructive applications. Lastly, several examples of ephemeral architecture based on such procedures are ofered, in which the digital design and manufacturing of experimental pavilions with circumscribed developable surfaces are addressed.

This paper enquires into the relationship between the rigorous graphic construction of penumbra and shadow and the idea of a developable surface circumscribed to two cores (whether these are curves or surfaces). The frst rigorously constructed graphic representations of shadow and penumbra appearing in diferent historical treatises are contextualised and contrasted with the frst works addressing the mathematical description of such surfaces. We describe how artisans and artists have employed physical and mechanical models to construct circumscribed developable surfaces, examining both their formal exploration and constructive formalisation. Next we extrapolate the mechanisms for generating circumscribed surfaces to digital and parametric models. The two procedures presented here evince the existing geometric limits of this way of generating a surface, thus infuencing its constructive applications. Lastly, several examples of ephemeral architecture based on such procedures are ofered, in which the digital design and manufacturing of experimental pavilions with circumscribed developable surfaces are addressed.

Due to advanced connectivity and increasing distribution of product-service, more and more data is available from the products used and produced. Scientific publications often describe that this product data can be applied in product development to make it more efficient and that the digital twin can play a central role in data provision and interoperability. However, less attention is paid to how the digital twin should be designed for this purpose and how it should be adequately modelled for these use cases. Therefore, this paper presents a structured literature review to analyse which methods are already described in science to model digital twins in a target-oriented way for use cases of data-driven product development. Not only are the procedures interesting, but also the type of digital twin for which they are intended and whether they describe the procedure at the level of a rough macrostructure or detailed microstructure.

In the context of ongoing digitalization, manufacturing companies face new challenges and the need to expand their portfolios to include new digital services. Enriching their portfolio with digital services can be an opportunity for manufacturing companies to position themselves in emerging collaborative production networks and thus make their business model fit for the future. The paper ties in with the activities from the Product Lifecycle Enrichment as a Service (PLCEaaS) research project. Within this context, use cases for digital services have already been derived, modelled, and documented in various workshops. The respective digital services directly address external customers and internal stakeholders from development. The central enabler for the new digital services is the digital twin based on the asset administration shell, which makes the necessary data available and thus supports interoperability. The asset administration shell is enriched with use case-specific submodels. The procedure for structuring these submodels is shown in this paper using the research project as an example. This includes modelling the digital services with a standardized modelling language based on the semi-structured use cases described so far. As a result, we obtain an asset administration shell enriched with several submodels - some of which may be based on standardization activities already underway or represent proprietary submodels. Likewise, it is considered whether more submodels are required to implement the domain-specific use cases that are currently not yet addressed in standardization activities. The paper ends with an outlook on the further research activities that are necessary to prototype the planned project and describes which criteria can be used to evaluate the defined submodels in the later course of the project.

The digital twin is a core technology for implementing Industry 4.0 scenarios in scientific and industrial applications. One upcoming variant of the digital twin is the concept of the asset administration shell, representing an approach to standardization. This approach must be adapted to specific use cases and applied in a target-oriented manner. However, no comprehensive guidance exists on structuring and implementing asset administration shells based on the digital twin in manufacturing environments. This issue pertains to defining and organizing the relevant data and mapping domain-specific limitations and characteristics within the hierarchical structure of the asset administration shell's components. This paper introduces an approach to structuring the asset administration shell to address this gap. This approach capitalizes on domain-specific expertise, industry standards, and established best practices, providing a framework. We validate the presented approach by applying it to the use case of distributed high-rate electrolyser production. The overarching objective of this research is to bridge the gap between theoretical concepts and practical applications.

The use of thin glass promises to enable a variety of construction industry pursuits. In addition to the ecological benefits of more efficient use of resources, architects can anticipate new design freedoms with thin glass. Based on the sandwich theory, the flexible thin glass can be combined with a 3D-printed open-cell polymer core to form a very rigid yet lightweight composite element. This paper presents an exploratory attempt on the digital manufacturing of thin glass composite façade panels with an industrial robot. It explains the idea of a digital “file-to-factory”-workflow which includes Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Engineering (CAE) and Manufacturing (CAM). The research shows a parametric design process to enable the seamless integration of digital analytic tools. Furthermore, this process shows the potentials and challenges of the digital manufacturing of a thin glass composite panel. Here, partial production steps executed by an industrial robot arm, such as large-format additive manufacturing, mechanical surface preparation, bonding and assembly process are explained. Finally, a first insight into mechanical properties of the composite panel are experimentally and numerically investigated and evaluated under surface load. The general concept of the digital design and manufacturing workflow as well as the results of the experimental study provide the background for the integration of further form-finding and analysis methods as well as the implementation of extensive mechanical investigations in future research., Applied Mechanics

This master's thesis was completed at Tu Delft in collaboration with Signify, with the goal of providing guidance into the use of digital manufacturing in lighting design by creating a lighting system concept for the context of nursing homes. The following design goal elements emerged in this context to improve the well-being of elderly residents. The goal was to incorporate these elements into a lighting system concept that is manifested in a working prototype. • Bright – Many nursing homes are too dark for the elderly to perform tasks. Vertical illumination may improve the perception of brightness and spaciousness. • Natural – From the perspective of biophilic design and healing environments, nursing homes could benefit from natural light, shapes, and materials to improve the space’s restorative affordances. • Lively – From the standpoint of lighting design, nursing homes could benefit from lively elements such as patterns and brilliance to balance the visual aesthetics. • Pleasant – The aesthetics and light effect should not be annoying because several residents will glance at it daily. The project started with literature research on lighting and biophilic design, visiting fairs on lighting and 3D printing, and meeting stakeholders from Signify and nursing homes. Prototypes were created iteratively and with increasing fidelity with light sources, cardboard, and 3D printing throughout the project to explore and evaluate ideas. Image-generating AI tools served as inspiration, and parametric design was used to model complex designs. The product experience design was guided by Nine Moments of Product Aesthetics, and the theory of Unity and Variety guided the product experience design in the detailing of the concept. Livy, the final concept, consists of 3D wall panels and spotlights that together create a nature-inspired light effect. The lighting system increases the perceived brightness of the room by vertical illumination, Integrated Product Design

In the last decades, digital manufacturing has constituted the headline of what is starting to be known as the ‘fourth industrial revolution’, where the fabrication processes comprise a hybrid of technologies that blur the lines between fundamental sciences, engineering, and even medicine as never seen before. One of the reasons why this mixture is inevitable has to do with the fact that we live in an era that incorporates technology in every single aspect of our daily lives. In the industry, this has translated into fabrication versatility, as follows: design changes on a final product are just one click away, fabrication chains have evolved towards continuous roll-to roll processes, and, most importantly, the overall costs and fabrication speeds are matching and overcoming most of the traditional fabrication methods. Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) stands out as a versatile set of fabrication techniques, being the closest approach to an all-in-one additive manufacturing method compatible with virtually any material. In this technique, laser radiation is used to propel the material of interest and deposit it at user-defined locations with high spatial resolution. By selecting the proper laser parameters and considering the interaction of the laser light with the material, it is possible to transfer this technique from robust inorganic materials to fragile biological samples. In this work, we first present a brief introduction on the current developments of the LIFT technique by surveying recent scientific review publications. Then, we provide a general research overview by making an account of the publication and citation numbers of scientific papers on the LIFT technique considering the last three decades. At the same time, we highlight the geographical distribution and main research institutions that contribute to this scientific output. Finally, we present the patent status and commercial forecasts to outline future trends for LIFT in different scientific

Chances are that you, the reader, have been working from home during this pandemic. Working from home has been more common than ever before and is predicted to stay. However, chairs have not adapted yet: office chairs are complicated and bulky products. They are designed to be adjustable to multiple users, but are not the best solution for working in a nicely styled living room. This design project aims to develop a stylish chair that fits the home working environment while offering a personal, comfortable fit. This design process is driven by the opportunities and limitations of digital manufacturing. The benefits of 3D printing seem promising, but can be time consuming and costly. This project focuses on realistically applying the manufacturing techniques for this scenario and for the start-up client. During an extensive ideation process, it was explored how to manufacture the seat by printing, how to add comfort, how to make it sturdy, stylish, and most importantly: how to do this in a manner that can be adjusted to the dimensions of the user. This resulted in Coopi, a chair design that combines the strengths of robotic 3D printing with the benefits of a manual upholstery process. This, to avoid long and expensive printing times. Coopi is designed to showcase a bold, open and trendy character that fits in modern home workspaces while visually communicating the combination of manufacturing processes., Integrated Product Design

Royal Delft is the oldest manufacturer of delftware that is still producing Delft Blue using traditional techniques up to this day. At the core of their company lies the craftsmanship of producing delftware by hand, from creating the moulds to hand-painting each piece of Delft Blue. With a fast moving industry, Royal Delft needs to innovate constantly to keep their market presence. By modernising their designs and collaborating with external companies, they manage to create contemporary Delft Blue. Apart from hand-painting and transfers, Royal Delft wanted to look for new possibilities to decorate delftware. Through a collaboration with TU Delft, a first prototype was made with a lot of potential, which let to this master thesis. This thesis presents an improved design of a Delft Blue painting robot with a working demonstrator. This demonstrator is able to autonomously decorate tiles with different techniques, ranging from creating personalised anniversary tiles to gold lustering and painting large tableaus. The consistency of the painting robot is achieved by analysing the surface of each tile and adjusting the brush accordingly. The robot uses the traditional brush and paint as hand-painted delftware, meaning that the robot is able to change brushes and dip the paint automatically. The benefit of this production method is the quick personalisation and cost efficiency compared to other production methods. As hand-painted products are easy to customise but very expensive, and transfer products require a large batch, robotic painting is a good alternative that is both easy to customise and affordable. An attempt was made to expand the product range to 2.5D products, such as plates and dishes. After scanning the surface and writing the software to follow the surface, the results lacked consistency due to the accumulation of uncontrolled variables, making 2.5D painting not viable with this configuration. Finally, a, Integrated Product Design

An Evening at the Grand Guignol 2022 was presented at the University of Lethbridge in the spring of 2022. Three short plays were presented to fulfill the vision of Mia Van Leeuwen. Van Leeuwen directed the production as a whole and the final play, The Masque of the Red Death. Jay Whitehead directed the opening show, The Lighthouse Keepers. The second show, The Kiss of Blood, was directed initially by van Leeuwen and subsequently completed under the direction of Justin A. Blum. Blum was familiar with the work. The costumes and special effects for The Kiss of Blood were my assignments. Designs for The Kiss of Blood were facilitated by my research which focused on manufacturing procedures, including digital manufacturing, gelatin moulds, and woollen felt. A priority for this research was the utilization of local and sustainable resources to minimize our carbon footprint.

An Evening at the Grand Guignol 2022 was presented at the University of Lethbridge in the spring of 2022. Three short plays were presented to fulfill the vision of Mia Van Leeuwen. Van Leeuwen directed the production as a whole and the final play, The Masque of the Red Death. Jay Whitehead directed the opening show, The Lighthouse Keepers. The second show, The Kiss of Blood, was directed initially by van Leeuwen and subsequently completed under the direction of Justin A. Blum. Blum was familiar with the work. The costumes and special effects for The Kiss of Blood were my assignments. Designs for The Kiss of Blood were facilitated by my research which focused on manufacturing procedures, including digital manufacturing, gelatin moulds, and woollen felt. A priority for this research was the utilization of local and sustainable resources to minimize our carbon footprint.

An Evening at the Grand Guignol 2022 was presented at the University of Lethbridge in the spring of 2022. Three short plays were presented to fulfill the vision of Mia Van Leeuwen. Van Leeuwen directed the production as a whole and the final play, The Masque of the Red Death. Jay Whitehead directed the opening show, The Lighthouse Keepers. The second show, The Kiss of Blood, was directed initially by van Leeuwen and subsequently completed under the direction of Justin A. Blum. Blum was familiar with the work. The costumes and special effects for The Kiss of Blood were my assignments. Designs for The Kiss of Blood were facilitated by my research which focused on manufacturing procedures, including digital manufacturing, gelatin moulds, and woollen felt. A priority for this research was the utilization of local and sustainable resources to minimize our carbon footprint.

Digital manufacturing is base for Industry 4.0, based on advanced digital-oriented technologies, smart products (advanced production mode and new characteristics), and smart supply - chain (procurement of raw materials and delivery of finished products). Bidirectional exchange of information in collaborative manufacturing, using it exchange also for digital platforms of design of the innovative products. In this paper we are show developed model of Serbian digital factory with selected examples for the MES area.

Decoration has been central to architecture throughout history. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the question of ornament in architecture has been oscillating between the positions of redundant and essential. With rapid advances in computational technology, the practice of architecture has been provided with new tools for designing buildings. This thesis aims to examine how digital design and fabrication methods can contribute to the creation of ornamentation in architecture, as well as to investigate the roles and functions of ornaments. In this context, ornamentation is defined as decorative elements enhancing the appearance of an object as well as the action of making something more aesthetically elaborate. A design study was conducted, using methods of digital manufacturing to design an ornamental facade for a building. The methods included were, respectively, a “file-to-factory” approach, parametric pattern generation, random growth, using representational objects, and material simulation. The resulting design iterations were then compared and evaluated. The results suggest that architectural ornaments can be conceived through digital means, allowing for high levels of geometric complexity, and able to produce new aesthetics in forms. The design study also shows how decoration can converge with performance, and how ornamentation can function in multiple ways at once. This confirms the computer as a powerful tool for shaping architecture, and ornamentation as a relevant strategy in design. Further research is needed to provide more insight into the physical implementation of digitally manufactured ornaments on a large scale.

Royal Delft is the oldest manufacturer of delftware that is still producing Delft Blue using traditional techniques up to this day. At the core of their company lies the craftsmanship of producing delftware by hand, from creating the moulds to hand-painting each piece of Delft Blue. With a fast moving industry, Royal Delft needs to innovate constantly to keep their market presence. By modernising their designs and collaborating with external companies, they manage to create contemporary Delft Blue. Apart from hand-painting and transfers, Royal Delft wanted to look for new possibilities to decorate delftware. Through a collaboration with TU Delft, a first prototype was made with a lot of potential, which let to this master thesis. This thesis presents an improved design of a Delft Blue painting robot with a working demonstrator. This demonstrator is able to autonomously decorate tiles with different techniques, ranging from creating personalised anniversary tiles to gold lustering and painting large tableaus. The consistency of the painting robot is achieved by analysing the surface of each tile and adjusting the brush accordingly. The robot uses the traditional brush and paint as hand-painted delftware, meaning that the robot is able to change brushes and dip the paint automatically. The benefit of this production method is the quick personalisation and cost efficiency compared to other production methods. As hand-painted products are easy to customise but very expensive, and transfer products require a large batch, robotic painting is a good alternative that is both easy to customise and affordable. An attempt was made to expand the product range to 2.5D products, such as plates and dishes. After scanning the surface and writing the software to follow the surface, the results lacked consistency due to the accumulation of uncontrolled variables, making 2.5D painting not viable with this configuration. Finally, a, Integrated Product Design

Chances are that you, the reader, have been working from home during this pandemic. Working from home has been more common than ever before and is predicted to stay. However, chairs have not adapted yet: office chairs are complicated and bulky products. They are designed to be adjustable to multiple users, but are not the best solution for working in a nicely styled living room. This design project aims to develop a stylish chair that fits the home working environment while offering a personal, comfortable fit. This design process is driven by the opportunities and limitations of digital manufacturing. The benefits of 3D printing seem promising, but can be time consuming and costly. This project focuses on realistically applying the manufacturing techniques for this scenario and for the start-up client. During an extensive ideation process, it was explored how to manufacture the seat by printing, how to add comfort, how to make it sturdy, stylish, and most importantly: how to do this in a manner that can be adjusted to the dimensions of the user. This resulted in Coopi, a chair design that combines the strengths of robotic 3D printing with the benefits of a manual upholstery process. This, to avoid long and expensive printing times. Coopi is designed to showcase a bold, open and trendy character that fits in modern home workspaces while visually communicating the combination of manufacturing processes., Integrated Product Design

This thesis studies soft microrobotics actuation solutions for the generation of complex motions in thecontext of medical and endoscopic applications. Flexible endoscopy requires flexible and steerable toolsto perform medical interventions through the natural orifices. It could benefit from soft and dexterousactuators with multiple degrees of freedom to ensure patient safety while navigating tortuous pathways.To this end, the rise of soft actuation, using stimuli-responsive materials of similar softness as biologicaltissues opens new opportunities. This thesis investigates the potential of three soft actuation solutionsto generate complex deformations (deformations beyond pure elongation, compression, shear, twist orbending) while assessing their potential in terms of miniaturization, safety, and mechanical capabilitiesfor future use in medical applications. Firstly, a 6mm diameter pneumatic actuator for endoscopyis designed, implemented, and characterized. It bends in every direction and incorporates a workingchannel. A vacuum centrifugal overmolding method capable of producing small geometries with a varietyof silicones is described, and meter-long actuators are extruded industrially. The actuator achievesbending of more than 180° and curvatures of up to 0.1mm–1. The exerted force remains below 100mN,and with no rigid parts in the design, it limits the risks of damage to surrounding tissues. The responsetime below 300 ms is not limiting for medical applications. An 85 cm long steerable catheter carryingan optical fiber is demonstrated in a bronchial tree phantom. To generate more complex motions,and further from the medical application, a voxel-based approach is proposed from the literaturereview. This methodology is based on the decomposition of complex motions into active buildingblocks, called voxels, each able of a given basic kinematic. Designs are presented to build these voxelsusing only an active isotropically expansive or compressive material, reinforced, Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

[ES] Para el desarrollo correcto de la vida de un niño, la prevención del deterioro de su salud visual es de gran importancia. Esta protección debe ser de calidad, personalizada y adaptada a cada persona, disminuyendo la desigualdad en el acceso a esta atención. Para lograr este objetivo, se desarrolla el diseño y fabricación digital de monturas de gafas infantiles para la organización Visió Sense Fronteres, en su trabajo de proteger la salud visual, en este caso, de los niños albinos de la escuela Mwereni en Tanzania. Este producto se caracteriza por ofrecer un resultado personalizado a la ergonomía del usuario, de calidad y fácil montaje gracias a las ventajas de la fabricación digital, utilizando materiales sostenibles e innovadores que no perjudiquen el entorno. Se ha garantizado su viabilidad realizando diferentes estudios de necesidades del usuario, técnicas de fabricación y materiales, análisis de mercado, comprobación de su funcionalidad mediante prototipos y sus presupuestos finales. El objetivo principal del proyecto es ofrecer a la organización una solución para la producción escalable de monturas económicas, de fácil manipulado, seguras y adaptadas al usuario al que van dirigidas. Por otro lado, asegurar su funcionalidad y la protección de los niños de la escuela Mwereni, estudiando sus necesidades e incentivando su igualdad dentro del contexto en el que viven., [EN] For the proper development of a child¿s life, one of the importance factors is the prevention of visual health¿s deterioration. Quality, personalization and adaptation to each person are factors to reduce the inequality in access to this care. To achieve this objective, the design and digital manufacture of children¿s frames was developed for the organisation Visió Sense Fronteres, in its work to protect the visual health, in this case, of the albino children of the Mwereni school in Tanzania. This product is characterised by offering a result that is personalised to the user¿s ergonomics, with quality and easy assembly thanks to the advantages of digital manufacturing, using sustainable and innovative materials that do not harm the environment. Its viability has been guaranteed by carrying out different studies of user needs, manufacturing techniques and materials, market analysis, testing its functionality by means of prototypes and final budgets. The main objective of the project is to offer the organisation a solution for the scalable production of economical frames that are easy to handle, safe and adapted to the user for whom they are intended. On the other hand, to ensure their functionality and the protection of the children of the Mwereni school, studying their needs and encouraging their equality within the context in which they live., [CA] Per al desenvolupament correcte de la vida d’un xiquet, la prevenció de la deterioració de la seua salut visual és de gran importància. Aquesta protecció ha de ser de qualitat, personalitzada i adaptada a cada persona, disminuint la desigualtat en l’accés a aquesta atenció. Per a aconseguir aquest objectiu, es desenvolupa el disseny i fabricació digital de muntures infantils per a l’organització Visió Sense Fronteres, en el seu treball de protegir la salut visual, en aquest cas, dels xiquets albins de l’escola Mwereni a Tanzània. Aquest producte es caracteritza per oferir un resultat personalitzat a l’ergonomia de l’usuari, de qualitat i fàcil muntatge gràcies als avantatges de la fabricació digital, utilitzant materials sostenibles i innovadors que no perjudiquen l’entorn. S’ha garantit la seua viabilitat realitzant diferents estudis de necessitats de l’usuari, tècniques de fabricació i materials, anàlisis de mercat, comprovació de la seua funcionalitat mitjançant prototips i els seus pressupostos finals. L’objectiu principal del projecte és oferir a l’organització una solució per a la producció escalable de muntures econòmiques, de fàcil manipulat, segures i adaptades a l’usuari al qual van dirigides. D’altra banda, assegurar la seua funcionalitat i la protecció dels xiquets de l’escola Mwereni, estudiant les seues necessitats i incentivant la seua igualtat dins del context en el qual viuen.

[ES] Para el desarrollo correcto de la vida de un niño, la prevención del deterioro de su salud visual es de gran importancia. Esta protección debe ser de calidad, personalizada y adaptada a cada persona, disminuyendo la desigualdad en el acceso a esta atención. Para lograr este objetivo, se desarrolla el diseño y fabricación digital de monturas de gafas infantiles para la organización Visió Sense Fronteres, en su trabajo de proteger la salud visual, en este caso, de los niños albinos de la escuela Mwereni en Tanzania. Este producto se caracteriza por ofrecer un resultado personalizado a la ergonomía del usuario, de calidad y fácil montaje gracias a las ventajas de la fabricación digital, utilizando materiales sostenibles e innovadores que no perjudiquen el entorno. Se ha garantizado su viabilidad realizando diferentes estudios de necesidades del usuario, técnicas de fabricación y materiales, análisis de mercado, comprobación de su funcionalidad mediante prototipos y sus presupuestos finales. El objetivo principal del proyecto es ofrecer a la organización una solución para la producción escalable de monturas económicas, de fácil manipulado, seguras y adaptadas al usuario al que van dirigidas. Por otro lado, asegurar su funcionalidad y la protección de los niños de la escuela Mwereni, estudiando sus necesidades e incentivando su igualdad dentro del contexto en el que viven., [EN] For the proper development of a child¿s life, one of the importance factors is the prevention of visual health¿s deterioration. Quality, personalization and adaptation to each person are factors to reduce the inequality in access to this care. To achieve this objective, the design and digital manufacture of children¿s frames was developed for the organisation Visió Sense Fronteres, in its work to protect the visual health, in this case, of the albino children of the Mwereni school in Tanzania. This product is characterised by offering a result that is personalised to the user¿s ergonomics, with quality and easy assembly thanks to the advantages of digital manufacturing, using sustainable and innovative materials that do not harm the environment. Its viability has been guaranteed by carrying out different studies of user needs, manufacturing techniques and materials, market analysis, testing its functionality by means of prototypes and final budgets. The main objective of the project is to offer the organisation a solution for the scalable production of economical frames that are easy to handle, safe and adapted to the user for whom they are intended. On the other hand, to ensure their functionality and the protection of the children of the Mwereni school, studying their needs and encouraging their equality within the context in which they live., [CA] Per al desenvolupament correcte de la vida d’un xiquet, la prevenció de la deterioració de la seua salut visual és de gran importància. Aquesta protecció ha de ser de qualitat, personalitzada i adaptada a cada persona, disminuint la desigualtat en l’accés a aquesta atenció. Per a aconseguir aquest objectiu, es desenvolupa el disseny i fabricació digital de muntures infantils per a l’organització Visió Sense Fronteres, en el seu treball de protegir la salut visual, en aquest cas, dels xiquets albins de l’escola Mwereni a Tanzània. Aquest producte es caracteritza per oferir un resultat personalitzat a l’ergonomia de l’usuari, de qualitat i fàcil muntatge gràcies als avantatges de la fabricació digital, utilitzant materials sostenibles i innovadors que no perjudiquen l’entorn. S’ha garantit la seua viabilitat realitzant diferents estudis de necessitats de l’usuari, tècniques de fabricació i materials, anàlisis de mercat, comprovació de la seua funcionalitat mitjançant prototips i els seus pressupostos finals. L’objectiu principal del projecte és oferir a l’organització una solució per a la producció escalable de muntures econòmiques, de fàcil manipulat, segures i adaptades a l’usuari al qual van dirigides. D’altra banda, assegurar la seua funcionalitat i la protecció dels xiquets de l’escola Mwereni, estudiant les seues necessitats i incentivant la seua igualtat dins del context en el qual viuen.

[ES] Para el desarrollo correcto de la vida de un niño, la prevención del deterioro de su salud visual es de gran importancia. Esta protección debe ser de calidad, personalizada y adaptada a cada persona, disminuyendo la desigualdad en el acceso a esta atención. Para lograr este objetivo, se desarrolla el diseño y fabricación digital de monturas de gafas infantiles para la organización Visió Sense Fronteres, en su trabajo de proteger la salud visual, en este caso, de los niños albinos de la escuela Mwereni en Tanzania. Este producto se caracteriza por ofrecer un resultado personalizado a la ergonomía del usuario, de calidad y fácil montaje gracias a las ventajas de la fabricación digital, utilizando materiales sostenibles e innovadores que no perjudiquen el entorno. Se ha garantizado su viabilidad realizando diferentes estudios de necesidades del usuario, técnicas de fabricación y materiales, análisis de mercado, comprobación de su funcionalidad mediante prototipos y sus presupuestos finales. El objetivo principal del proyecto es ofrecer a la organización una solución para la producción escalable de monturas económicas, de fácil manipulado, seguras y adaptadas al usuario al que van dirigidas. Por otro lado, asegurar su funcionalidad y la protección de los niños de la escuela Mwereni, estudiando sus necesidades e incentivando su igualdad dentro del contexto en el que viven., [EN] For the proper development of a child¿s life, one of the importance factors is the prevention of visual health¿s deterioration. Quality, personalization and adaptation to each person are factors to reduce the inequality in access to this care. To achieve this objective, the design and digital manufacture of children¿s frames was developed for the organisation Visió Sense Fronteres, in its work to protect the visual health, in this case, of the albino children of the Mwereni school in Tanzania. This product is characterised by offering a result that is personalised to the user¿s ergonomics, with quality and easy assembly thanks to the advantages of digital manufacturing, using sustainable and innovative materials that do not harm the environment. Its viability has been guaranteed by carrying out different studies of user needs, manufacturing techniques and materials, market analysis, testing its functionality by means of prototypes and final budgets. The main objective of the project is to offer the organisation a solution for the scalable production of economical frames that are easy to handle, safe and adapted to the user for whom they are intended. On the other hand, to ensure their functionality and the protection of the children of the Mwereni school, studying their needs and encouraging their equality within the context in which they live., [CA] Per al desenvolupament correcte de la vida d’un xiquet, la prevenció de la deterioració de la seua salut visual és de gran importància. Aquesta protecció ha de ser de qualitat, personalitzada i adaptada a cada persona, disminuint la desigualtat en l’accés a aquesta atenció. Per a aconseguir aquest objectiu, es desenvolupa el disseny i fabricació digital de muntures infantils per a l’organització Visió Sense Fronteres, en el seu treball de protegir la salut visual, en aquest cas, dels xiquets albins de l’escola Mwereni a Tanzània. Aquest producte es caracteritza per oferir un resultat personalitzat a l’ergonomia de l’usuari, de qualitat i fàcil muntatge gràcies als avantatges de la fabricació digital, utilitzant materials sostenibles i innovadors que no perjudiquen l’entorn. S’ha garantit la seua viabilitat realitzant diferents estudis de necessitats de l’usuari, tècniques de fabricació i materials, anàlisis de mercat, comprovació de la seua funcionalitat mitjançant prototips i els seus pressupostos finals. L’objectiu principal del projecte és oferir a l’organització una solució per a la producció escalable de muntures econòmiques, de fàcil manipulat, segures i adaptades a l’usuari al qual van dirigides. D’altra banda, assegurar la seua funcionalitat i la protecció dels xiquets de l’escola Mwereni, estudiant les seues necessitats i incentivant la seua igualtat dins del context en el qual viuen.

[EN] Fab Labs as manufacturing laboratories that stimulate innovation and collaboration are nowadays proliferating within universities. Given the new social challenges, framed within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), we formulate the following research question: Are Fab Labs an effective tool for the promotion of social innovation from universities? To answer this question, a mixed analysis has been carried out focusing on the case of ProteinLab UTEM. The approach aims to generate a model for the promotion of social innovation from universities through Fab Labs, linking the quadruple helix actors. The objective of this model is to show how Fab Labs can become an effective instrument to promote social innovation from universities. The contribution of this article lies in linking Fab Labs with social innovation through the university's third mission. Our approach considers Fab Labs as an instrument for the development of social innovations within the university, which contribute, through the third mission, to the social and sustainable development of its environment. As a result of this research, a model is presented for the development of social innovation from universities through Fab Labs. Our research concludes that Fab Labs are an effective instrument for the promotion of social innovation from universities.

[EN] Fab Labs as manufacturing laboratories that stimulate innovation and collaboration are nowadays proliferating within universities. Given the new social challenges, framed within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), we formulate the following research question: Are Fab Labs an effective tool for the promotion of social innovation from universities? To answer this question, a mixed analysis has been carried out focusing on the case of ProteinLab UTEM. The approach aims to generate a model for the promotion of social innovation from universities through Fab Labs, linking the quadruple helix actors. The objective of this model is to show how Fab Labs can become an effective instrument to promote social innovation from universities. The contribution of this article lies in linking Fab Labs with social innovation through the university's third mission. Our approach considers Fab Labs as an instrument for the development of social innovations within the university, which contribute, through the third mission, to the social and sustainable development of its environment. As a result of this research, a model is presented for the development of social innovation from universities through Fab Labs. Our research concludes that Fab Labs are an effective instrument for the promotion of social innovation from universities.

This graduation report presents a new mold making approach for Royal Delft. The traditional production trajectory starts with a positive model and pouring plaster mold parts onto it one by one, producing a negative casting mold for one shape. This new proposal takes the plaster mold parts as a starting point, combining them into a modular system that can be modified continuously in order to produce many variations of a shape without starting from scratch for every new shape. The benefit of this approach is that shapes such as plates, vases and boxes can be quickly tailored to individual customers, changing elements, adding personal texts and creating custom vector reliefs., Integrated Product Design

Actualment, es comencen a albirar les implicacions del nou model productiu que proposa la fabricació digital en el context de les pràctiques socials. En el cas particular de l’artesania, no és del tot evident com aquest tipus de tecnologia, que permet materialitzar qualsevol tipus d’objecte a partir de bits, contribueix en un determinat sistema de producció cultural. A partir d’aquesta inquietud, i utilitzant el concepte de possible adjacent d’Stuart Kauffman, es va dur a terme una experimentació amb processos d’impressió 3D i la tècnica artesanal del sud de Colòmbia denominada vernís de Pasto, amb l’objectiu d’explorar els possibles vincles d’aquests nous models productius amb l’artesania. Per justificar l’experimentació en aquest article, primer s’aborda el concepte d’artesania com a sistema híbrid de producció cultural, el qual es modela per la tensió entre els canvis tecnològics i la conservació del patrimoni simbòlic d’un col·lectiu. En segon lloc, s’identifiquen les característiques més rellevants que determinen la fabricació digital com a possible adjacent de l’artesania en l’era postindustrial. Els resultats de l’experimentació mostren que la fabricació digital s’explica com un vector primari de canvi potencial sobre els oficis artesanals en tres escenaris possibles diferents: escenari de més llibertat morfològica, escenari de més llibertat de manufactura i escenari de més llibertat creativa. Es proposa que aquests entorns conjunts són característiques d’un possible adjacent, al qual s’ha denominat artesania generativa., Currently, we are beginning to envisage the implications of the new productive model which digital manufacturing is offering in the context of social practices. In the particular case of craftwork, it is not entirely clear how this kind of technology, which makes it possible for any kind of object to materialise from bits, contributes in a given system of cultural production. In order to investigate further into this subject, and using the concept of Stuart Kauffman’s Adjacent Possible, an experimentation was conducted with 3D printing processes and the artisanal technique from the south of Colombia named Barniz de Pasto (Pasto varnish), with the objective of exploring the possible links that these new productive models have with craftwork. In order to justify the experimentation in this document, firstly the concept of craftwork is addressed as a hybrid system of cultural production, which is modelled by the tension between technological changes and the conservation of the symbolic heritage of a collective. Secondly, the most important characteristics are identified which determine digital manufacturing as an adjacent possible of craftwork in the post-industrial era. The results of the experimentation show that digital manufacturing can be seen to be a primary vector of potential change on artisanal techniques in three different possible settings: the setting of greater morphological freedom, the setting of greater manufacturing freedom and the setting of greater creative freedom. It is proposed that these combined environments are characteristic of an adjacent possible, which has been named Generative Craftwork., En la actualidad, se comienza a vislumbrar las implicaciones del nuevo modelo productivo que propone la fabricación digital en el contexto de las prácticas sociales. En el caso particular de la artesanía, no es del todo evidente cómo este tipo de tecnología, que permite materializar cualquier tipo de objeto a partir de bits, contribuye en un determinado sistema de producción cultural. A partir de esta inquietud, y utilizando el concepto de posible adyacente de Stuart Kauffman, se llevó a cabo una experimentación con procesos de impresión 3D y la técnica artesanal del sur de Colombia denominada barniz de Pasto, con el objetivo de explorar los posibles vínculos de estos nuevos modelos productivos con la artesanía. Para justificar la experimentación en este documento, primero se aborda el concepto de artesanía como sistema híbrido de producción cultural, el cual se modela por la tensión entre los cambios tecnológicos y la conservación del patrimonio simbólico de un colectivo. En segundo lugar, se identifican las características más relevantes que determinan la fabricación digital como posible adyacente de la artesanía en la era posindustrial. Los resultados de la experimentación muestran que la fabricación digital se explica como un vector primario de cambio potencial sobre los oficios artesanales en tres diferentes escenarios posibles: escenario de mayor libertad morfológica, escenario de mayor libertad de manufactura y escenario de mayor libertad creativa. Se propone que estos entornos conjuntos son características de un posible adyacente, al cual se ha denominado artesanía generativa.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

This paper aims to investigate the impact of enterprise architecture (EA) on system capabilities in dealing with changes and uncertainties in globalised business environments. Enterprise information systems are viewed as information systems to acquire, process, and utilise data in decision-making supports at all levels and domains of businesses, and Internet of things (IoT), big data analytics (BDA), and digital manufacturing (DM) are introduced as representative enabling technologies for data collection, processing, and utilisation in manufacturing applications. The historical development of manufacturing technologies is examined to understand the evolution of system paradigms. The Shannon entropy is adopted to measure the complexity of systems and illustrate the roles of EAs in managing system complexity and achieving system stability in the long term. It is our argument that existing EAs sacrifice system flexibility, resilience, and adaptability for the reduction of system complexity; note that higher adaptability is critical to make a manufacturing system successfully. New EA is proposed to maximise system capabilities for higher flexibility, resilience, and adaptability. The potentials of the proposed EA to modern manufacturing are explored to identify critical research topics with illustrative examples from an application perspective., QC 20220406

Actualment, es comencen a albirar les implicacions del nou model productiu que proposa la fabricació digital en el context de les pràctiques socials. En el cas particular de l’artesania, no és del tot evident com aquest tipus de tecnologia, que permet materialitzar qualsevol tipus d’objecte a partir de bits, contribueix en un determinat sistema de producció cultural. A partir d’aquesta inquietud, i utilitzant el concepte de possible adjacent d’Stuart Kauffman, es va dur a terme una experimentació amb processos d’impressió 3D i la tècnica artesanal del sud de Colòmbia denominada vernís de Pasto, amb l’objectiu d’explorar els possibles vincles d’aquests nous models productius amb l’artesania. Per justificar l’experimentació en aquest article, primer s’aborda el concepte d’artesania com a sistema híbrid de producció cultural, el qual es modela per la tensió entre els canvis tecnològics i la conservació del patrimoni simbòlic d’un col·lectiu. En segon lloc, s’identifiquen les característiques més rellevants que determinen la fabricació digital com a possible adjacent de l’artesania en l’era postindustrial. Els resultats de l’experimentació mostren que la fabricació digital s’explica com un vector primari de canvi potencial sobre els oficis artesanals en tres escenaris possibles diferents: escenari de més llibertat morfològica, escenari de més llibertat de manufactura i escenari de més llibertat creativa. Es proposa que aquests entorns conjunts són característiques d’un possible adjacent, al qual s’ha denominat artesania generativa., Currently, we are beginning to envisage the implications of the new productive model which digital manufacturing is offering in the context of social practices. In the particular case of craftwork, it is not entirely clear how this kind of technology, which makes it possible for any kind of object to materialise from bits, contributes in a given system of cultural production. In order to investigate further into this subject, and using the concept of Stuart Kauffman’s Adjacent Possible, an experimentation was conducted with 3D printing processes and the artisanal technique from the south of Colombia named Barniz de Pasto (Pasto varnish), with the objective of exploring the possible links that these new productive models have with craftwork. In order to justify the experimentation in this document, firstly the concept of craftwork is addressed as a hybrid system of cultural production, which is modelled by the tension between technological changes and the conservation of the symbolic heritage of a collective. Secondly, the most important characteristics are identified which determine digital manufacturing as an adjacent possible of craftwork in the post-industrial era. The results of the experimentation show that digital manufacturing can be seen to be a primary vector of potential change on artisanal techniques in three different possible settings: the setting of greater morphological freedom, the setting of greater manufacturing freedom and the setting of greater creative freedom. It is proposed that these combined environments are characteristic of an adjacent possible, which has been named Generative Craftwork., En la actualidad, se comienza a vislumbrar las implicaciones del nuevo modelo productivo que propone la fabricación digital en el contexto de las prácticas sociales. En el caso particular de la artesanía, no es del todo evidente cómo este tipo de tecnología, que permite materializar cualquier tipo de objeto a partir de bits, contribuye en un determinado sistema de producción cultural. A partir de esta inquietud, y utilizando el concepto de posible adyacente de Stuart Kauffman, se llevó a cabo una experimentación con procesos de impresión 3D y la técnica artesanal del sur de Colombia denominada barniz de Pasto, con el objetivo de explorar los posibles vínculos de estos nuevos modelos productivos con la artesanía. Para justificar la experimentación en este documento, primero se aborda el concepto de artesanía como sistema híbrido de producción cultural, el cual se modela por la tensión entre los cambios tecnológicos y la conservación del patrimonio simbólico de un colectivo. En segundo lugar, se identifican las características más relevantes que determinan la fabricación digital como posible adyacente de la artesanía en la era posindustrial. Los resultados de la experimentación muestran que la fabricación digital se explica como un vector primario de cambio potencial sobre los oficios artesanales en tres diferentes escenarios posibles: escenario de mayor libertad morfológica, escenario de mayor libertad de manufactura y escenario de mayor libertad creativa. Se propone que estos entornos conjuntos son características de un posible adyacente, al cual se ha denominado artesanía generativa.

Animal models have limitations in cancer research, especially regarding anatomy-specific questions. An example is the exact endoscopic placement of magnetic field traps for the targeting of therapeutic nanoparticles. Three-dimensional-printed human replicas may be used to overcome these pitfalls. We developed a transparent method to fabricate a patient-specific replica, allowing for a broad scope of application. As an example, we then additively manufactured the relevant organs of a patient with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We performed experimental design investigations for a magnetic field trap and explored the best fixation methods on an explanted porcine stomach wall. We describe in detail the eight-step development of a 3D replica from CT data. To guide further users in their decisions, a morphologic box was created. Endoscopies were performed on the replica and the resulting magnetic field was investigated. The best fixation method to hold the magnetic field traps stably in place was the fixation of loops at the stomach wall with endoscopic single-use clips. Using only open access software, the developed method may be used for a variety of cancer-related research questions. A detailed description of the workflow allows one to produce a 3D replica for research or training purposes at low costs.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

Actualment, es comencen a albirar les implicacions del nou model productiu que proposa la fabricació digital en el context de les pràctiques socials. En el cas particular de l’artesania, no és del tot evident com aquest tipus de tecnologia, que permet materialitzar qualsevol tipus d’objecte a partir de bits, contribueix en un determinat sistema de producció cultural. A partir d’aquesta inquietud, i utilitzant el concepte de possible adjacent d’Stuart Kauffman, es va dur a terme una experimentació amb processos d’impressió 3D i la tècnica artesanal del sud de Colòmbia denominada vernís de Pasto, amb l’objectiu d’explorar els possibles vincles d’aquests nous models productius amb l’artesania. Per justificar l’experimentació en aquest article, primer s’aborda el concepte d’artesania com a sistema híbrid de producció cultural, el qual es modela per la tensió entre els canvis tecnològics i la conservació del patrimoni simbòlic d’un col·lectiu. En segon lloc, s’identifiquen les característiques més rellevants que determinen la fabricació digital com a possible adjacent de l’artesania en l’era postindustrial. Els resultats de l’experimentació mostren que la fabricació digital s’explica com un vector primari de canvi potencial sobre els oficis artesanals en tres escenaris possibles diferents: escenari de més llibertat morfològica, escenari de més llibertat de manufactura i escenari de més llibertat creativa. Es proposa que aquests entorns conjunts són característiques d’un possible adjacent, al qual s’ha denominat artesania generativa., Currently, we are beginning to envisage the implications of the new productive model which digital manufacturing is offering in the context of social practices. In the particular case of craftwork, it is not entirely clear how this kind of technology, which makes it possible for any kind of object to materialise from bits, contributes in a given system of cultural production. In order to investigate further into this subject, and using the concept of Stuart Kauffman’s Adjacent Possible, an experimentation was conducted with 3D printing processes and the artisanal technique from the south of Colombia named Barniz de Pasto (Pasto varnish), with the objective of exploring the possible links that these new productive models have with craftwork. In order to justify the experimentation in this document, firstly the concept of craftwork is addressed as a hybrid system of cultural production, which is modelled by the tension between technological changes and the conservation of the symbolic heritage of a collective. Secondly, the most important characteristics are identified which determine digital manufacturing as an adjacent possible of craftwork in the post-industrial era. The results of the experimentation show that digital manufacturing can be seen to be a primary vector of potential change on artisanal techniques in three different possible settings: the setting of greater morphological freedom, the setting of greater manufacturing freedom and the setting of greater creative freedom. It is proposed that these combined environments are characteristic of an adjacent possible, which has been named Generative Craftwork., En la actualidad, se comienza a vislumbrar las implicaciones del nuevo modelo productivo que propone la fabricación digital en el contexto de las prácticas sociales. En el caso particular de la artesanía, no es del todo evidente cómo este tipo de tecnología, que permite materializar cualquier tipo de objeto a partir de bits, contribuye en un determinado sistema de producción cultural. A partir de esta inquietud, y utilizando el concepto de posible adyacente de Stuart Kauffman, se llevó a cabo una experimentación con procesos de impresión 3D y la técnica artesanal del sur de Colombia denominada barniz de Pasto, con el objetivo de explorar los posibles vínculos de estos nuevos modelos productivos con la artesanía. Para justificar la experimentación en este documento, primero se aborda el concepto de artesanía como sistema híbrido de producción cultural, el cual se modela por la tensión entre los cambios tecnológicos y la conservación del patrimonio simbólico de un colectivo. En segundo lugar, se identifican las características más relevantes que determinan la fabricación digital como posible adyacente de la artesanía en la era posindustrial. Los resultados de la experimentación muestran que la fabricación digital se explica como un vector primario de cambio potencial sobre los oficios artesanales en tres diferentes escenarios posibles: escenario de mayor libertad morfológica, escenario de mayor libertad de manufactura y escenario de mayor libertad creativa. Se propone que estos entornos conjuntos son características de un posible adyacente, al cual se ha denominado artesanía generativa.

The digital manufacturing (DM) is base for Industry 4.0, that have following dimensions: (i) digital manufacturing based on advanced digital-oriented technologies, (ii) smart products (advanced production mode and new characteristics), and (iii) smart supply - chain (procurement of raw materials and delivery of finished products). Bidirectional exchange of information in collaborative production, using it exchange also for digital platforms of design of the innovative products. This paper presents developed model of Serbian digital factory with selected examples, specifically for the Manufacturing Execution System (MES) area.

Serbia is rapidly working on the development and implementation of digital manufacturing models in SMEs, through the national Industry 4.0 Platform. The aim is to create a pilot intelligent workshop which would be used to develop and showcase examples of best practice for digital manufacturing. Currently, most SMEs use CAD, CAM, ERP models, which form the basis for the development of the concept of digital manufacturing through cloud computing, BDA, IIoT and smart supply-chains, as elements of Industry 4.0. This paper gives a practical example of an SME with all the above-mentioned elements of digital manufacturing.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

Digital manufacturing pretends to revolutionize manufacturing, its methods are increasingly increasing its participation in the industrial, scientific, and technological fields worldwide, being a key point within the named "Industry 4.0", it is so in Ecuador the use of these laboratories, in conjunction with specialized machinery and CAD (Computer-Aided Design), has been growing gradually in recent years. What is intended in this study is to collect data, through qualitative and quantitative research, on the development of digital manufacturing within this country, studying the companies that provide related services, and taking into consideration their progress within the evolution of industry 4.0, as well as the projects executed and proposed; With which it has been possible to determine the presence of this technology, adequate equipment and its growth at the national level with the so-called manufacturing laboratories. Keywords: Digital Manufacturing, FabLab™, Designs, Rapid Prototyping., La fabricación digital pretende revolucionar la manufactura, sus métodos cada vez van incrementando su participación en el campo industrial, científico y tecnológico a nivel mundial, siendo un punto clave dentro de la nombrada “Industria 4.0”, en Ecuador el uso de estos laboratorios, en conjunto con la maquinaria especializada y el CAD (Diseño Asistido por Computadora), han ido creciendo paulatinamente en los últimos años. Lo que se pretende en este estudio es recopilar datos, mediante investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa, sobre el desarrollo de la fabricación digital dentro de este país, estudiando a las empresas que prestan servicios afines, y tomando en consideración los avances de las mismas dentro de la evolución de la industria 4.0, así como también los proyectos ejecutados y propuestos; con lo que se ha logrado determinar la presencia de esta tecnología, equipos adecuados y su crecimiento a nivel nacional con los denominados laboratorios de fabricación. Palabras Clave: Fabricación Digital, FabLab™, Diseño, Prototipado Rápido.

This graduation report presents a new mold making approach for Royal Delft. The traditional production trajectory starts with a positive model and pouring plaster mold parts onto it one by one, producing a negative casting mold for one shape. This new proposal takes the plaster mold parts as a starting point, combining them into a modular system that can be modified continuously in order to produce many variations of a shape without starting from scratch for every new shape. The benefit of this approach is that shapes such as plates, vases and boxes can be quickly tailored to individual customers, changing elements, adding personal texts and creating custom vector reliefs., Integrated Product Design

This paper conceptually introduces VF-KDO (Virtual Factories with Knowledge-Driven Optimization, a research profile of the University of Skovde, Sweden, which is underway from 2018-2026. The goal of this research profile is to deliver radical innovations in manufacturing research essential to the design and operation of next-generation manufacturing systems. A unique concept proposed in VF-KDO is: knowledge extracted for decision support is achieved through systematically exploring, e.g., using advanced, interactive data analytics techniques on optimal solutions generated via many-objective optimizations on virtual factory models. As the word 'driven' means 'motivated' or 'manipulated', so does KDO have some two-fold meanings: (1) optimizations that aim at generating knowledge, not only mathematically optimal solutions; (2) knowledge-controlled optimizations, instead of some blind/black-box processes. It is this concept of KDO, combining with modular, virtual factory models at different levels, which distinguishes VF-KDO from other related research efforts found internationally and in Sweden. The cutting-edge research topics involved in the research profile and their synergy with the digitalization efforts of the 7 partner companies, in form of the development of an intelligent decision support system, can be used to improve the competiveness of the Swedish manufacturing industry by supporting their holistic, optimal and sustainable decision making., CC BY-NC 4.0

[ES] El objetivo principal de este documento es la creación de una revisión sistemática consistente sobre el marco teórico relacionado con la fabricación digital, también conocido como Industria 4.0, especialmente enfocado en las PYMES (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas) cuyas actividades se desarrollan en el sector manufacturero. Durante este documento, el lector descubrirá el nivel de implementación real de las innovaciones digitales aplicadas, las nuevas tendencias en el sector y la evolución de la fabricación industrial. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se hará uso de un procedimiento conocido como revisión sistemática de la literatura. Con él, se identificará el marco real y se evaluará críticamente los hallazgos de todos los estudios relevantes en relación con la fabricación digital y la Industria 4.0 en el campo de las PYMES. El resultado esperado de esta revisión es la creación de un estudio que será objetivo, transparente, sistemático y replicable. Al buscar tanto en trabajos publicados como inéditos, todas las posibles perspectivas del tema serán cubiertas y analizadas para encontrar conclusiones significativas., [EN] The main purpose of this document is the creation of a consistent systematic review about the theoretical framework related with the digital manufacturing, also known as Industry 4.0, specially focused on the SMEs (Small and Mediums Enterprises) which activities are in the manufacturing sector. During this document, the reader would discover the actual implementation level of the digital innovations applied, the new tendencies on the sector and the forecasting evolution that the industrial manufacturing are pursuing. To reach this goal, it is going to be a procedure known as systematic literature review. With it, the actual framework will be identified and critically evaluated, findings of all relevant studies in relation with the digital manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the SMEs field. The expected output of this review is the creation of a study that will be objective, transparent, systematic and replicable. Searching through published works as well as unpublished, all the possible perspectives of the topic are going to be cover and analysed to find meaningful conclusions.

[ES] El objetivo principal de este documento es la creación de una revisión sistemática consistente sobre el marco teórico relacionado con la fabricación digital, también conocido como Industria 4.0, especialmente enfocado en las PYMES (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas) cuyas actividades se desarrollan en el sector manufacturero. Durante este documento, el lector descubrirá el nivel de implementación real de las innovaciones digitales aplicadas, las nuevas tendencias en el sector y la evolución de la fabricación industrial. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se hará uso de un procedimiento conocido como revisión sistemática de la literatura. Con él, se identificará el marco real y se evaluará críticamente los hallazgos de todos los estudios relevantes en relación con la fabricación digital y la Industria 4.0 en el campo de las PYMES. El resultado esperado de esta revisión es la creación de un estudio que será objetivo, transparente, sistemático y replicable. Al buscar tanto en trabajos publicados como inéditos, todas las posibles perspectivas del tema serán cubiertas y analizadas para encontrar conclusiones significativas., [EN] The main purpose of this document is the creation of a consistent systematic review about the theoretical framework related with the digital manufacturing, also known as Industry 4.0, specially focused on the SMEs (Small and Mediums Enterprises) which activities are in the manufacturing sector. During this document, the reader would discover the actual implementation level of the digital innovations applied, the new tendencies on the sector and the forecasting evolution that the industrial manufacturing are pursuing. To reach this goal, it is going to be a procedure known as systematic literature review. With it, the actual framework will be identified and critically evaluated, findings of all relevant studies in relation with the digital manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the SMEs field. The expected output of this review is the creation of a study that will be objective, transparent, systematic and replicable. Searching through published works as well as unpublished, all the possible perspectives of the topic are going to be cover and analysed to find meaningful conclusions.

[ES] El objetivo principal de este documento es la creación de una revisión sistemática consistente sobre el marco teórico relacionado con la fabricación digital, también conocido como Industria 4.0, especialmente enfocado en las PYMES (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas) cuyas actividades se desarrollan en el sector manufacturero. Durante este documento, el lector descubrirá el nivel de implementación real de las innovaciones digitales aplicadas, las nuevas tendencias en el sector y la evolución de la fabricación industrial. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se hará uso de un procedimiento conocido como revisión sistemática de la literatura. Con él, se identificará el marco real y se evaluará críticamente los hallazgos de todos los estudios relevantes en relación con la fabricación digital y la Industria 4.0 en el campo de las PYMES. El resultado esperado de esta revisión es la creación de un estudio que será objetivo, transparente, sistemático y replicable. Al buscar tanto en trabajos publicados como inéditos, todas las posibles perspectivas del tema serán cubiertas y analizadas para encontrar conclusiones significativas., [EN] The main purpose of this document is the creation of a consistent systematic review about the theoretical framework related with the digital manufacturing, also known as Industry 4.0, specially focused on the SMEs (Small and Mediums Enterprises) which activities are in the manufacturing sector. During this document, the reader would discover the actual implementation level of the digital innovations applied, the new tendencies on the sector and the forecasting evolution that the industrial manufacturing are pursuing. To reach this goal, it is going to be a procedure known as systematic literature review. With it, the actual framework will be identified and critically evaluated, findings of all relevant studies in relation with the digital manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the SMEs field. The expected output of this review is the creation of a study that will be objective, transparent, systematic and replicable. Searching through published works as well as unpublished, all the possible perspectives of the topic are going to be cover and analysed to find meaningful conclusions.

[ES] El objetivo principal de este documento es la creación de una revisión sistemática consistente sobre el marco teórico relacionado con la fabricación digital, también conocido como Industria 4.0, especialmente enfocado en las PYMES (Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas) cuyas actividades se desarrollan en el sector manufacturero. Durante este documento, el lector descubrirá el nivel de implementación real de las innovaciones digitales aplicadas, las nuevas tendencias en el sector y la evolución de la fabricación industrial. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se hará uso de un procedimiento conocido como revisión sistemática de la literatura. Con él, se identificará el marco real y se evaluará críticamente los hallazgos de todos los estudios relevantes en relación con la fabricación digital y la Industria 4.0 en el campo de las PYMES. El resultado esperado de esta revisión es la creación de un estudio que será objetivo, transparente, sistemático y replicable. Al buscar tanto en trabajos publicados como inéditos, todas las posibles perspectivas del tema serán cubiertas y analizadas para encontrar conclusiones significativas., [EN] The main purpose of this document is the creation of a consistent systematic review about the theoretical framework related with the digital manufacturing, also known as Industry 4.0, specially focused on the SMEs (Small and Mediums Enterprises) which activities are in the manufacturing sector. During this document, the reader would discover the actual implementation level of the digital innovations applied, the new tendencies on the sector and the forecasting evolution that the industrial manufacturing are pursuing. To reach this goal, it is going to be a procedure known as systematic literature review. With it, the actual framework will be identified and critically evaluated, findings of all relevant studies in relation with the digital manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in the SMEs field. The expected output of this review is the creation of a study that will be objective, transparent, systematic and replicable. Searching through published works as well as unpublished, all the possible perspectives of the topic are going to be cover and analysed to find meaningful conclusions.

This study analyzes the application domain of Digital Manufacturing while considering the new industrial paradigm. Based on content analysis, joint applications of digital manufacturing tools and advanced manufacturing technologies are framed and technological trends identified. The results reveal a new comprehensive framework that defines the application domain of digital manufacturing in Industry 4.0, as well as how digital manufacturing operates within Industry 4.0. The presented framework covers manufacturing life cycle phases, digital manufacturing tools used in each phase, and Industry 4.0 technologies used with the respective tools. The study contributes by positioning digital manufacturing conceptually and delimiting its application domain., QC 20220329