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This study investigates the temporal variations in methane concentration and flare activity in the Hola trough (offshore Norway) during May 2018 and June 2022. Between these time periods, methane seep activity exhibits 3.5 times increase, as evidenced by hydroacoustic measurements. As the seep area in the Hola trough is constantly within the hydrate stability zone, the observed increase cannot be attributed to migration of its shallow boundary due to temperature increase. However, a combination of low tide conditions resulting in a lower sediment pore pressure and a bottom water temperature increase resulting in a lower methane solubility is likely to explain the increase in the number of seeps observed in June 2022. The hypothesis of tide influence is supported by data collected from a piezometer deployed and recovered during the cruise showing that the tidal effect was observed 3 m below the seafloor. Despite the numerous methane seeps detected, methane concentration and gas flow rates near the seafloor were low (<19 nM and <70 mL min−1, respectively) compared to other areas with methane seep activity. This is likely due to strong currents rapidly dispersing methane in the water column. Sub-seafloor investigations identified pathways for gas migration in methane seep areas, influenced by topography. This study provides valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of methane concentrations, flare activity, and gas distribution in the Hola trough, contributing to our understanding of offshore methane dynamics in the region.

The outbreak of COVID-19, a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, led to an ongoing pandemic with devastating consequences for the global economy and human health. With the globalspread of SARS-CoV-2, multidisciplinary initiatives were launched to explore new diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccination strategies. From this perspective, proteomics could help to understand the mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify new therapeutic targets for antiviral drug repurposing and/or discovery. A TMT-based quantitative proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis was performed to study the proteome remodeling of human lung alveolar cells transduced to express human ACE2 (A549-ACE2) after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Targeted PRM analysis was performed to assess the detectability in serum and prognostic value of selected proteins. A total of 6802 proteins and 6428 phospho-sites were identified in A549-ACE2 cells after infection with SARS-CoV-2. Regarding the viral proteome, 8 proteins were differentially expressed after 6 h of infection and reached a steady state after 9 h. In addition, we detected several phosphorylation sites of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including two novel phosphorylation events at S410 and S416 of the viral nucleoprotein.

Background Information on the microbiome's human pathways and active members that can affect SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and pathogenesis in the salivary proteome is very scarce. Here, we studied a unique collection of samples harvested from April to June 2020 from unvaccinated patients. Methods We compared 10 infected and hospitalized patients with severe (n = 5) and moderate (n = 5) coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with 10 uninfected individuals, including non-COVID-19 but susceptible individuals (n = 5) and non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible healthcare workers with repeated high-risk exposures (n = 5). Results By performing high-throughput proteomic profiling in saliva samples, we detected 226 unique differentially expressed (DE) human proteins between groups (q-value ≤ 0.05) out of 3376 unambiguously identified proteins (false discovery rate ≤ 1%). Major differences were observed between the non-COVID-19 and nonsusceptible groups. Bioinformatics analysis of DE proteins revealed human proteomic signatures related to inflammatory responses, central cellular processes, and antiviral activity associated with the saliva of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (p-value ≤ 0.0004). Discriminatory biomarker signatures from human saliva include cystatins, protective molecules present in the oral cavity, calprotectins, involved in cell cycle progression, and histones, related to nucleosome functions. The expression levels of two human proteins related to protein transport in the cytoplasm, DYNC1 (p-value, 0.0021) and MAPRE1 (p-value, 0.047), correlated with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plasma activity. Finally, the proteomes of microorganisms present in the saliva samples showed 4 main microbial functional features related to ribosome functioning that were overrepresented in the infected group. Conclusion Our study explores potential candidates involved in pathways implicated in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, although further studies in larger cohorts will be necessary.

Gracias a los recientes avances en el campo de las redes neuronales adversarias (GANs) y los modelos de aprendizaje automático, la inteligencia artificial generativa (IAG) ha adquirido una gran relevancia en todo el mundo. En las últimas décadas, estos sistemas han aprendido a interactuar con el entorno, teniendo la capacidad de asimilar una amplia gama de información; desde grandes volúmenes de texto, imágenes y videos hasta variables de temperatura, presión y distancia. Ninguna innovación ha contado con una difusión tan inmediata como la de estas herramientas, cuyas bases encontramos en la visión artificial y procesamiento del lenguaje natural, ramas características del aprendizaje automático. Dada la magnitud de los progresos orientados a la producción automatizada de contenido, es pertinente examinar los nuevos desarrollos y sus posibles impactos en el público receptor. En el presente trabajo de investigación se abordarán cuatro tecnologías contenidas en la IAG: redacción automática, generación de imagen, clonación de voz y la tecnología deepfake. Seguidamente, se tratan los beneficios e inconvenientes que éstas implican para la obra escrita y visual. Previamente y con objetivo de contextualizar al lector, se esboza de forma gradual el marco legal actual a nivel internacional, europeo y, en última instancia, nacional. ¿Qué impacto se prevé que tenga la inteligencia artificial en el mercado laboral?¿Qué aspectos ambientales generan mayor inquietud respecto a su influencia?¿Qué desafíos éticos se plantean en los trabajos creativos con el avance de la IAG? Son algunos de los interrogantes desarrollados en el último punto del documento. La preocupación por la sustitución de mano humana en multitud de tareas queda vigente, la IA presenta posibilidades innovadoras pero también dilemas éticos. Es crucial que se entienda este proceso como una oportunidad y avance significativo para la sociedad; no sólo se intenta regular las tecnologías emergentes, sino también las cond

Computational Thinking (CT) is considered a key literacy skill in the digital age. It encompasses problem-solving, mathematical thinking, critical thinking, creativity, and communication. Since research on CT evaluation is in a consolidation phase, there is still a lack of systematic grouping of assessment instruments across different educational levels. This review aimed to identify the instruments used to measure CT, the evaluated skills, and the psychometric properties of these instruments. For such purpose, a systematic review of 52 articles published between 2012 and 2022 was conducted. The results revealed a significant growth in publications on the design and validation of CT measurement instruments in recent years. Over 80 % of the instruments demonstrated validity and reliability, particularly in terms of content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency. Furthermore, some instruments also evaluated affective and social skills, as well as attitudes, which enhanced the assessment of cognitive skills. However, the absence of contributions from Central and South American countries in the analyzed literature, along with the scarcity of instruments aimed at early childhood and teachers, highlights the need for further research into CT assessment in specific populations., El pensamiento computacional (PC) es una nueva forma de alfabetización y se considera como una competencia clave para los ciudadanos de la era actual. Es un constructo compuesto que tiene relación con la resolución de problemas, el pensamiento matemático, el pensamiento crítico, la creatividad y la comunicación. La investigación sobre la evaluación del PC se encuentra en consolidación, sin embargo, se evidencia ausencia de agrupación sistemática de instrumentos de medición del PC en diferentes niveles educativos. El objetivo de esta revisión consistió en identificar los instrumentos usados como herramientas para medir el PC, las habilidades evaluadas y las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos. Esta revisión sistemática presentó el análisis de 52 artículos encontrados del 2012 al 2022. Los resultados de la revisión demostraron un crecimiento significativo en las publicaciones relacionadas con el diseño y la validación de instrumentos de medición del PC en los últimos años. Se encontró que más del 80 % de los instrumentos presentaron evidencia de validez y confiabilidad, destacando la validez de contenido, la validez de constructo y la consistencia interna. Así mismo, en algunos instrumentos se consideraron la evaluación de habilidades afectivas, sociales y actitudes, lo cual enriquecía la valoración de las habilidades cognitivas. Sin embargo, se evidenció la ausencia de los países de Centro y Sur América en los artículos analizados sobre esta temática, al igual que la escasez de instrumentos dirigidos a la primera infancia y a los docentes. Estos hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de continuar investigando el PC desde la perspectiva de la evaluación en poblaciones específicas.

In the present research, a comparison is made of the compressive strength and porosity of concrete made with Portland cement type 1, and concrete made with added cement of type CPCA1 and CPCA2, with water/cement ratios of 0,45 and 0,60.The samples come from special degree works presented at the School of Civil Engineering of the Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. A random sampling design with zero block factors was used, through analysis of variance where the hypothesis of equality of means is tested to compare treatments with a 99% confidence level. The rejection of the null hypothesis of equality of means was obtained in the comparison of resistance and porosity with w/c = 0.45, while for porosity with w/c = 0,60. The null hypothesis of equality of means was accepted through the Statgraphics Centurion V19 statistical software. In addition to the statistical analysis, it was obtained that the concretes made with CPCA1 and CPCA2 additives do not meet the design requirements; likewise, it was determined that the porosity of these concretes are highly porous and therefore of inadequate durability, En el presente trabajo se realiza la comparación de la resistencia a la compresión y porosidad del concreto elaborado con cemento Portland tipo 1, y concreto elaborado con cemento adicionado de tipo CPCA1 y CPCA2, con relaciones agua/cemento de 0,45 y 0,60. Las muestras provienen de trabajos especiales de grado presentados en el Decanato de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado. Se utilizó un diseño con muestreo al azar con cero factores en bloque, mediante el análisis de varianza donde se prueba la hipótesis de igualdad de medias para comparar tratamientos con un nivel de confianza de 99%. Se obtuvo el rechazo de la hipótesis nula de igualdad de medias en la comparación de las resistencias y porosidad con a/c = 0,45, mientras que para la porosidad con a/c = 0,60. Se aceptó la hipótesis nula de igualdad de medias, a través del software estadístico Statgraphics Centurion V19. Además del análisis estadístico, se obtuvo que los concretos elaborados con adicionados CPCA1 y CPCA2 no cumplen con los requisitos de diseño, asimismo, se determinó que estos concretos son altamente porosos y por ende de durabilidad inadecuada

In this research, an intervention proposal is presented in the field of architectural recycling, which has been developed specifically for Ground Zero of the city of Portoviejo. One of the highlights in this study was the identification of a selection process that allowed the building to be chosen that met the necessary requirements to become the ideal project for its development. An exhaustive analysis was carried out on each element that makes up the Amen House, from its history to its functions and its current physical state. A major challenge in this proposal was the fact that the house is listed as a City Heritage Site, implying the need to carefully preserve its distinctive features. As a result of this detailed analysis, a proposal was formulated to revitalize and extend the useful life of this building., En esta investigación, se presenta una propuesta de intervención en el ámbito del reciclaje arquitectónico, la cual ha sido elaborada específicamente para la Zona Cero de la ciudad de Portoviejo. Uno de los aspectos destacados en este estudio fue la identificación de un proceso de selección que permitió elegir la edificación que cumplía con los requisitos necesarios para convertirse en el proyecto ideal para su desarrollo. Se llevó a cabo un análisis exhaustivo de cada elemento que conforma la Casa Amén, desde su historia hasta sus funciones y su estado físico actual. Un desafío importante en esta propuesta fue el hecho de que la casa está catalogada como Patrimonio de la Ciudad, lo que implica la necesidad de preservar cuidadosamente sus características distintivas. Como resultado de este análisis detallado, se formuló una propuesta destinada a revitalizar y prolongar la vida útil de esta edificación.

The potential reactivity against the alkali-silica reaction of gravels from a quarry located near Villalonga town, Pa-tagones district (province of Buenos Aires) was evaluated. The petrographic analysis was carried out according to IRAM 1649 standard test method. Also the accelerated mortar bar test (IRAM 1674), and the conventional and accelerated concrete prism test method (IRAM 1700) were used, in ac-cordance with the requirements for concrete coarse aggre-gates established in IRAM 1531 standard. Partially altered volcanic glass, varieties of cryptocrystalline silica and, minor microcrystalline quartz, were identified as potentially reactive components. The expansion measured in mortar bars and concrete prisms exceeded the maximum limit established in the standards, qualifying the aggregate as moderately reactive (R1) (IRAM 1531). Finally, a pessimum effect was observed when replacing 40% of the gravel with a non-reactive sand, registering 0.36% expansion in the accelerated mortar bar test after 16 days of testing, Se evaluó la potencial reactividad frente a la reacción álcali-sílice de cantos rodados provenientes de una cantera ubi-cada en proximidades a la localidad de Villalonga, partido de Patagones (provincia de Buenos Aires). Se realizó el análisis petrográfico según la norma IRAM 1649, el ensayo acelerado de la barra de mortero (IRAM 1674) y el método del prisma de hormigón convencional y acelerado (IRAM 1700) de acuerdo con los requisitos establecidos para los agregados gruesos para hormigón (IRAM 1531). Se identificaron vidrio volcánico parcialmente alterado, variedades de sílice criptocristalina y, en menor proporción, cuarzo microcristalino, como componentes potencialmente reactivos. La expansión medida en las barras de mortero y en los prismas de hormigón superó el límite máximo establecido por norma, calificando al agregado como mo-deradamente reactivo (R1) (IRAM 1531). Por último, se observó un efecto pessimum al reemplazar 40% del canto rodado por una arena no reactiva, registrándose 0,36% de expansión en el ensayo acelerado de la barra de mortero a 16 días de ensayo.

This text presents the general result of the investigative work entitled "Comparative study of the formative contributions in Culture of Contribution of the faculties of economic sciences attached to public and private universities in western Colombia. Valid 2020-2022”. His research problem was: how to compare the contributions that the higher institutions under study have developed on this topic. The general objective was focused on: "Determining which have been the formative contributions in "Culture of Contribution. And the methodological model called: Grounded Theory (Glaser, B. Strauss, A. 1967) was appealed to. In the end, the authors, through their research, manage to achieve the proposed specific objectives and design an intervention proposal in the form of a syllabus called: Chair of Contribution in Economic Sciences, a micro-curriculum that becomes a mandatory consultation doctrine for the teaching of contribution and the understanding of taxation in Colombia., El presente texto expone el resultado general del trabajo investigativo titulado: “Estudio comparado de los aportes formativos en Cultura de la Contribución de las facultades de ciencias económicas adscritas a universidades públicas y privadas del occidente colombiano. Vigencia 2020-2022”. Su problema de investigación se fundamentó en ¿cómo comparar los aportes que en esta temática han desarrollado las instituciones superiores objeto del estudio. El objetivo general se enfocó en identificar los aportes formativos en "Cultura de la Contribución” y se apeló al modelo metodológico denominado: Teoría Fundamentada (Grounded Theory). (Glaser, B. Strauss, A. 1967). Al final, las autoras diseñan una propuesta de intervención a manera de syllabus denominado: Cátedra de la Contribución en Ciencias Económicas, micro currículo que se convierte en doctrina de obligatoria consulta para la enseñanza de la contribución y la comprensión de la tributación en Colombia.

Introduction: Laboratories have become collaborative settings to manage solutions to social problems. They are spaces of synergy between different disciplines and stakeholders under experimentation methodologies. Methodology: this research conceptualizes Public and Social Innovation Laboratories as centers for ideation and creation of solutions to problems. The methodology used in this review was Tranfield's (Tranfield et al., 2003). NVIVO information coding software was used and analytical matrices were generated to synthesize the findings. Results: The results show that both public and social laboratories frame their processes in collaborative work and in the incorporation of methodologies related to experimentation. The limitations of this review consist of an asymmetry in information, Policy labs have been investigated more than other public sector laboratories., Introducción: Los laboratorios se han constituido en escenarios colaborativos para gestionar soluciones a problemas sociales. Son espacios de sinergia entre distintas disciplinas y stakeholders bajo metodologías de experimentación. Metodología: esta investigación conceptualiza los Laboratorios de Innovación Pública y Social como centros de ideación y creación de soluciones a problemáticas. La metodología usada en esta revisión fue la de Tranfield (Tranfield et al., 2003). Se utilizó el software de codificación de la información NVIVO y se generaron matrices analíticas para sintetizar los hallazgos. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian que tanto los laboratorios públicos y sociales enmarcan sus procesos en el trabajo colaborativo y en la incorporación de metodologías relacionadas a la experimentación. Las limitaciones de esta revisión consisten en una asimetría en la información, se ha investigado más a los Policy labs que a los otros laboratorios del sector público.

ParSCo (Parasitology Summer Course) is an intense, 1-week-long summer course organized by the Parasitology Unit of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Italy, with the support of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP), the European Veterinary Parasitology College (EVPC) and Parasites and Vectors. The course, which is conducted in southern Italy, is planned for parasitologists and post-graduate students working in the field of parasitology. The course consists of theoretical and practical lessons, which include the collection, identification and diagnosis of parasites of pets, livestock and wildlife. The participants in ParSCo are afforded the opportunity to be involved in clinical examination and sample collection for the diagnosis of parasitic diseases (e.g. leishmaniosis, thelaziosis and many tick-borne diseases) present in the Mediterranean Basin. The course is conducted at Casa di Caccia, a hunting lodge situated in the Gallipoli Cognato Forest near the Basento River in the Basilicata region in southern Italy. In addition to the training purpose, ParSCo is a great opportunity for sharing knowledge and expertise while becoming part of the parasitology community in a pleasant environment. In this editorial, we share some information and celebrate 10 years of ParSCo, looking forward to forthcoming sessions of this unique parasitology summer course., Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Author contributions: JS: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. NP: Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing. AM: Resources, Writing – review & editing. CC-L: Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing. JB: Resources, Writing – review & editing. RC: Resources, Writing – review & editing. MD: Resources, Writing – review & editing. JC: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing. GM: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing., Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a systemic disease that affects dogs. When multiplication of the parasite cannot be controlled, dogs consistently show high levels of antigen and IgG antibodies, which lead to the formation of circulating immune complexes (CIC). Timely intervention to reduce the parasite load and CIC levels is crucial for preventing irreversible organ damage. However, a diagnostic test to quantify CIC levels is currently lacking. In this real-world study, we aimed to examine the performance of a new ELISA to measure CIC levels in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. Thirty-four dogs were treated according to their clinical condition and followed for 360 days. Before (day 0) and after treatment (days 30, 90, 180, 270, and 360), all dogs underwent a physical examination, and blood samples were obtained for CBC, biochemical profile, serum protein electrophoresis and IFAT. Serum PEG-precipitated CIC were determined by ELISA. Our results indicate higher CIC levels in dogs in advanced disease stages showing higher antibody titres (p < 0.0001, r = 0.735), anemia (p < 0.0001), dysproteinemia (p < 0.0001), and proteinuria (p = 0.004). Importantly, dogs responding well to treatment exhibited declining CIC levels (p < 0.0001), while in poor responders and those experiencing relapses, CIC were consistently elevated. CIC emerged as a robust discriminator of relapse, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808. The optimal cut-off to accurately identify relapse was an optical density of 1.539. Our findings suggest that declining CIC levels should be expected in dogs showing a favorable treatment response. Conversely, in dogs displaying a poor response and recurrent clinical relapses, CIC levels will be high, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring. These findings suggest that CIC could serve as a valuable biomarker for disease progression, treatment efficacy, and relapse detection in CanL. Our study contributes to enhancing diagnostic a, Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Credit authorship contribution statement: Carolina R. Sanz: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft. Juliana Sarquis: Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing. María Ángeles Daza: Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing. Guadalupe Miró: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing., Canine leishmaniosis (CanL), caused by Leishmania infantum, is a complex disease of growing importance in Europe. Clinical manifestations result from the down-modulation of the host immune response through multiple host-parasite interactions. Although several factors might influence CanL progression, this is the first known study evaluating risk factors for its different clinical stages in a large referral hospital population (n = 35.669) from an endemic area, over a 20 year period. Genome-wide scans for selection signatures were also conducted to explore the genomic component of clinical susceptibility to L. infantum infection. The prevalence of CanL was 3.2% (16.7% stage I; 43.6% stage II; 32.1% stage III; 7.6% stage IV). Dog breed (crossbreed), bodyweight (<10 kg), living conditions (indoors), regular deworming treatment, and being vaccinated against Leishmania significantly decreased the transmission risk and the risk for developing severe clinical forms. Conversely, the detection of comorbidities was associated with advanced clinical forms, particularly chronic kidney disease, neoplasia, cryptorchidism, infectious tracheobronchitis and urate urolithiasis, although those did not impact the clinical outcome. Significant associations between an increased risk of severe clinical stages and findings in the anamnesis (renal or skin-related manifestations) and physical examination (ocular findings) were also detected, highlighting their diagnostic value in referred cases of CanL. Sixteen breeds were found to be significantly more susceptible to developing severe stages of leishmaniosis (e.g. Great Dane, Rottweiler, English Springer Spaniel, Boxer, American Staffordshire Terrier, Golden Retriever), while 20 breeds displayed a clinical resistantance phenotype and, thus, are more likely to mount an efficient immune response against L. infantum (e.g. Pointer, Samoyed, Spanish Mastiff, Spanish Greyhound, English Setter, Siberian Husky). Genomic analyses of these breeds ret, Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Depto. de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

La cátedra virtual de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Miguel Enríquez constituida en el curso del año 2022 se encuentra incluida en el Aula Virtual de Salud de Cuba en esta dirección electrónica: https://aulavirtual.sld.cu/course/index.php?categoryid=20, sostenida en la plataforma de aprendizaje Moodle, con dos vínculos iniciales a documentos docenes de pre y posgrado. En pregrado se han incluido los documentos relacionados con las carreras de medicina, estomatología y tecnologías de la salud. El posgrado se dividido en actividades docentes que agrupa las actividades producidas y gestionadas por el personal adjunto a la facultad, y por el aula virtual Manuel Lombas García, dedicado principalmente a la especialidad de reumatología u otras afines que se relacionan con las entidades que atiende esta espacialidad

La bursitis es la inflamación de la bursa, estructura en forma de bolsa, que se sitúa entre huesos, tendones y músculos, con una función facilitadora del movimiento de dichas estructuras entre sí. La etiología de las bursitis puede ser mecánica (traumatismo o sobreuso), microcristalina (gotosa), séptica y, en algunos casos, asociadas a ciertas enfermedades inflamatorias, como la artritis reumatoide o las espondiloartropatías. Las bursitis más frecuentes son la olecraniana, la prepatelar, la anserina y la trocantérea. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión actualizada de las bursitis que con más frecuencia se presentan en la práctica médica diaria y una visión general de su diagnóstico y tratamiento. La bursitis es una enfermedad frecuente en la consulta de reumatología, que guarda relación con determinados tipos de actividades laborales. El interrogatorio exhaustivo y el exámen físico minucioso permiten acercarse al diagnóstico con bastante exactitud. La ecografía es la técnica de elección en la confirmación del diagnóstico clínico. El análisis del líquido bursal será fundamental para el diagnóstico etiológico, sobre todo en las bursitis sépticas. La evolución es favorable en todos los casos tras instaurar tratamiento específico en función de las diferentes etiologías.

Experimentations to evaluate spatial strategies at the scale of a production basin to control Black leaf streak disease (BLSD) is difficult to implement. Modelling is a key approach to identify innovative scenarios to reduce the use of pesticides while efficiently and sustainably controlling the disease. To achieve this aim, we assess the efficacy of strategies directly based on fungicide applications or based on the deployment of resistant cultivars. For that, we adapted a published spatially-explicit model to simulate BLSD epidemics in a real 300-ha agricultural landscape of Costa-Rica. More than 11,000 simulations of strategies are undergoing and the best scenarios will be identified to be further tested in the field.

OBJECTIVES: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA. METHODS: We studied 4370 participants without cardiovascular disease in a 10-country observational cohort of patients with RA. Endpoints were (1) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death; and (2) any ischaemic cardiovascular events (iCVE) including MACE plus revascularisation, angina, transient ischaemic attack and peripheral arterial disease. RESULTS: Over 26 534 patient-years, 239 MACE and 362 iCVE occurred. The interaction between 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and bDMARD use was significant for MACE (p=0.017), suggesting the effect of DAS28-CRP on MACE risk differed among bDMARD users (n=515) and non-users (n=3855). DAS28-CRP (per unit increase) is associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.37)) but not users (HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.20)). The interaction between CRP (per log unit increase) and bDMARD use was also significant for MACE (p=0.011). CRP associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.30)), but not users (HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.17)). No interaction was observed between bDMARD use and DAS28-CRP (p=0.167) or CRP (p=0.237) for iCVE risk. CONCLUSIONS: RA activity and inflammatory markers associated with risk of MACE in bDMARD non-users but not users suggesting the possibility of biological-specific benefits locally on arterial wall independently of effects on systemic inflammation.

Objectives: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA. Methods: We studied 4370 participants without cardiovascular disease in a 10-country observational cohort of patients with RA. Endpoints were (1) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death; and (2) any ischaemic cardiovascular events (iCVE) including MACE plus revascularisation, angina, transient ischaemic attack and peripheral arterial disease. Results: Over 26 534 patient-years, 239 MACE and 362 iCVE occurred. The interaction between 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and bDMARD use was significant for MACE (p=0.017), suggesting the effect of DAS28-CRP on MACE risk differed among bDMARD users (n=515) and non-users (n=3855). DAS28-CRP (per unit increase) is associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.37)) but not users (HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.20)). The interaction between CRP (per log unit increase) and bDMARD use was also significant for MACE (p=0.011). CRP associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.30)), but not users (HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.17)). No interaction was observed between bDMARD use and DAS28-CRP (p=0.167) or CRP (p=0.237) for iCVE risk. Conclusions: RA activity and inflammatory markers associated with risk of MACE in bDMARD non-users but not users suggesting the possibility of biological-specific benefits locally on arterial wall independently of effects on systemic inflammation.

Background This study aims to identify sports interventions for children and adolescents (CaA) with chronic diseases and evaluate their impact on physical, psychological, and social well‑being. The findings of this study will contribute to our understanding of the potential benefits of sports interventions for CaA with chronic diseases and inform future interventions to promote their overall health and well‑being. Methods A systematic review was conducted in eight databases. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and utilized a comprehensive search strategy to identify studies on sport‑based interventions for CaA with chronic diseases. The review included randomized controlled trials and observational studies that focused on physical and psychosocial outcomes. Results We screened 10,123 titles and abstracts, reviewed the full text of 622 records, and included 52 primary stud ies. A total of 2352 participants were assessed with an average of 45 ± 37 participants per study. Among the included studies involving CaA with chronic diseases with an age range from 3 to 18 years, 30% (n = 15) autism spectrum dis orders, 21% (n = 11) cerebral palsy, 19% (n = 10) were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 17% (n = 9) obesity. Other diseases included were cancer (n = 5), asthma (n = 1) and cystic fibrosis (n = 1). Interventions involved various sports and physical activities tailored to each chronic disease. The duration and frequency of interventions varied across studies. Most studies assessed physical outcomes, including motor performance and physical fitness measures. Psychosocial outcomes were also evaluated, focusing on behavioural problems, social competencies, and health related quality of life. Conclusion Overall, sport‑based interventions effectively improved physical and psychosocial outcomes in CaA with chronic diseases. Interventions are generally safe, and participants adhere to the prescribed protocols favorably. Despite that, there is little e

Human antigen R (HuR) is an RNA binding protein mainly involved in maintaining the stability and controlling the translation of mRNAs, critical for immune response, cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis. Although HuR is a nuclear protein, its mRNA translational-related function occurs at the cytoplasm, where the oligomeric form of HuR is more abundant. However, the regulation of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of HuR and its connection with protein oligomerization remain unclear. In this work, we describe the phosphorylation of Tyr5 as a new hallmark for HuR activation. Our biophysical, structural and computational assays using phosphorylated and phosphomimetic HuR proteins demonstrate that phosphorylation of Tyr5 at the disordered N-end stretch induces global changes on HuR dynamics and conformation, modifying the solvent accessible surface of the HuR nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling (HNS) sequence and releasing regions implicated in HuR dimerization. These findings explain the preferential cytoplasmic accumulation of phosphorylated HuR in HeLa cells, aiding to comprehend the mechanisms underlying HuR nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling and its later dimerization, both of which are relevant in HuR-related pathogenesis.

Aim: Planning conservation action requires accurate estimates of abundance and distribution of the target species. For many mammals, particularly those inhabiting tropical forests, there are insufficient data to assess their conservation status. We present a framework for predicting species distribution using jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), a poorly known felid for which basic information on abundance and distribution is lacking. Location: Mesoamerica and South America. Time Period: From 2003 to 2021. Taxa: Herpailurus yagouaroundi. Methods: We combined camera-trap data from multiple sites and used an occupancy modelling framework accounting for imperfect detection to identify habitat associations and predict the range-wide distribution of jaguarundis. Results: Our model predicted that the probability of jaguarundi occupancy is positively associated with rugged terrain, herbaceous cover, and human night-time light intensity. Jaguarundi occupancy was predicted to be higher where precipitation was less seasonal, and at intermediate levels of diurnal temperature range. Our camera data also revealed additional detections of jaguarundis beyond the current International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) range distribution, including the Andean foothills of Colombia and Bolivia. Main Conclusion: Occupancy was predicted to be low throughout much of Amazonian lowlands, a vast area at the centre of jaguarundi known range. Further work is required to investigate whether this area represents sub-optimal conditions for the species. Overall, we estimate a crude global jaguarundi population of 35,000 to 230,000 individuals, covering 4,453,406 km2 of Meso- and South America at the 0.5 probability level of occupancy. Our current framework allows for an initially detailed, well-informed species distribution that should be challenged and refined with improved habitat layers and additional records of jaguarundi detection. We encourage similar studies of lesser-known mammal

Recent research has highlighted the potential of honeybees and bee products as biological samplers for monitoring xenobiotic pollutants. However, the effectiveness of these biological samplers in tracking microplastics (MPs) has not yet been explored. This study evaluates several methods of sampling MPs, using honeybees, pollen, and a novel in-hive passive sampler named the APITrap. The collected samples were characterized using a stereomicroscopy to count and categorise MPs by morphology, colour, and type. To chemical identification, a micro-Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to determine the polymer types. The study was conducted across four consecutive surveillance programmes, in five different apiaries in Denmark. Our findings indicated that APITrap demonstrated better reproducibility, with a lower variation in results of 39%, compared to 111% for honeybee samples and 97% for pollen samples. Furthermore, the use of APITrap has no negative impact on bees and can be easily applied in successive samplings. The average number of MPs detected in the four monitoring studies ranged from 39 to 67 in the APITrap, 6 to 9 in honeybee samples, and 6 to 11 in pollen samples. Fibres were the most frequently found, accounting for an average of 91% of the total MPs detected in the APITrap, and similar values for fragments (5%) and films (4%). The MPs were predominantly coloured black, blue, green and red. Spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of up to five different synthetic polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the most common in case of fibres and similarly to polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyamide (PA) in non fibrous MPs. This study, based on citizen science and supported by beekeepers, highlights the potential of MPs to accumulate in beehives. It also shows that the APITrap provides a highly reliable and comprehensive approach for sampling in large-scale monitoring studies.

The rapid advancements in robotics technology have significantly contributed to the development and deployment of multi-robot systems (MRSs), which offer numerous advantages over traditional single-robot systems. These advantages include enhanced operational effectiveness, efficiency, flexibility, fault tolerance, and the ability to leverage the specialized capabilities of diverse robots for collaborative task execution. This project presents a practical guide to implementing the Robotics Middleware Framework (OpenRMF) in multi-robot environments, addressing the critical challenges of coordination, pathfinding, and communication among multiple robots. OpenRMF is a robust middleware solution designed to simplify the integration and management of heterogeneous robot fleets within predefined environments. It supports the seamless operation of various robot models, enabling efficient coordination and communication essential for executing complex tasks collaboratively. This guide provides comprehensive instructions for installing and configuring OpenRMF, creating a project structure akin to RMF demos, and setting up dependencies in package.xml and CMakeLists.txt files. Emphasis is placed on ensuring proper system localization to guarantee compatibility and optimal performance of the framework. The implementation process begins with the preparation of the environment, including verifying locale settings to support UTF-8 encoding and installing essential utilities and dependencies. Detailed steps for setting up ROS 2 (Robot Operating System), which forms the backbone of OpenRMF, are provided. The transition from ROS 1 to ROS 2 is highlighted, showcasing the improvements in real-time communication, security, and flexibility that ROS 2 offers, making it better suited for multi-robot systems. Key aspects of the guide include the setup of the RMF Web for visualization and control, which facilitates monitoring and managing robot operations from a web interface. Users are guided

In marine ecosystems, most physiological, ecological, or physical processes are size dependent. These include metabolic rates, the uptake of carbon and other nutrients, swimming and sinking velocities, and trophic interactions, which eventually determine the stocks of commercial species, as well as biogeochemical cycles and carbon sequestration. As such, broad-scale observations of plankton size distribution are important indicators of the general functioning and state of pelagic ecosystems under anthropogenic pressures. Here, we present the first global datasets of the Pelagic Size Structure database (PSSdb), generated from plankton imaging devices. This release includes the bulk particle normalized biovolume size spectrum (NBSS) and the bulk particle size distribution (PSD), along with their related parameters (slope, intercept, and R2) measured within the epipelagic layer (0–200 m) by three imaging sensors: the Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB), the Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP), and benchtop scanners. Collectively, these instruments effectively image organisms and detrital material in the 7–10 000 µm size range. A total of 92 472 IFCB samples, 3068 UVP profiles, and 2411 scans passed our quality control and were standardized to produce consistent instrument-specific size spectra averaged to 1° × 1° latitude and longitude and by year and month. Our instrument-specific datasets span most major ocean basins, except for the IFCB datasets we have ingested, which were exclusively collected in northern latitudes, and cover decadal time periods (2013–2022 for IFCB, 2008–2021 for UVP, and 1996–2022 for scanners), allowing for a further assessment of the pelagic size spectrum in space and time. The datasets that constitute PSSdb's first release are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050013 (Dugenne et al., 2024b). In addition, future updates to these data products can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7998799.

Objetivo: evaluar la conexión entre comorbilidades y el riesgo de sarcopenia con el cuestionario SARC-F en adultas mayores de Nuevo León adscritas a los servicios médicos de un hospital público. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y descriptivo con una muestra de 40 participantes. Los datos y el cuestionario de SARC-F se recolectaron para identificar las enfermedades al momento de la encuesta e identificar su probabilidad, respectivamente. Resultados: el análisis de la relación mostró una correlación positiva débil. Conclusión: los resultados indican que conforme aumentan las primeras hay un incremento en la posibilidad de contraer sarcopenia.

This study investigates the effectiveness of inclusion measures for women with disabilities at a public university in southern Spain, aiming to understand their needs and experiences. Utilizing a gender perspective, the research engaged 12 women from various university roles in semi-structured interviews, later analyzed using NVivo 20, and organized into categories assessing institutional resources, working/academic conditions, and the interplay of disability and gender. Findings indicate that, despite no direct discrimination based on sex, the patriarchal social framework still fosters gender and inclusion gaps. Peer support emerges as a protective factor, whereas obstacles such as resource scarcity, access challenges, and a lack of awareness about disability measures pose risks. The study highlights the need for enhanced visibility of inclusive measures and the development of agile, individualized policies. It underscores the importance of raising awareness, particularly about non-visible disabilities, through educational initiatives.

In marine ecosystems, most physiological, ecological, or physical processes are size dependent. These include metabolic rates, the uptake of carbon and other nutrients, swimming and sinking velocities, and trophic interactions, which eventually determine the stocks of commercial species, as well as biogeochemical cycles and carbon sequestration. As such, broad-scale observations of plankton size distribution are important indicators of the general functioning and state of pelagic ecosystems under anthropogenic pressures. Here, we present the first global datasets of the Pelagic Size Structure database (PSSdb), generated from plankton imaging devices. This release includes the bulk particle normalized biovolume size spectrum (NBSS) and the bulk particle size distribution (PSD), along with their related parameters (slope, intercept, and R2) measured within the epipelagic layer (0–200 m) by three imaging sensors: the Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB), the Underwater Vision Profiler (UVP), and benchtop scanners. Collectively, these instruments effectively image organisms and detrital material in the 7–10 000 µm size range. A total of 92 472 IFCB samples, 3068 UVP profiles, and 2411 scans passed our quality control and were standardized to produce consistent instrument-specific size spectra averaged to 1° × 1° latitude and longitude and by year and month. Our instrument-specific datasets span most major ocean basins, except for the IFCB datasets we have ingested, which were exclusively collected in northern latitudes, and cover decadal time periods (2013–2022 for IFCB, 2008–2021 for UVP, and 1996–2022 for scanners), allowing for a further assessment of the pelagic size spectrum in space and time. The datasets that constitute PSSdb's first release are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11050013 (Dugenne et al., 2024b). In addition, future updates to these data products can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7998799.

Objectives: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA. Methods: We studied 4370 participants without cardiovascular disease in a 10-country observational cohort of patients with RA. Endpoints were (1) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death; and (2) any ischaemic cardiovascular events (iCVE) including MACE plus revascularisation, angina, transient ischaemic attack and peripheral arterial disease. Results: Over 26 534 patient-years, 239 MACE and 362 iCVE occurred. The interaction between 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and bDMARD use was significant for MACE (p=0.017), suggesting the effect of DAS28-CRP on MACE risk differed among bDMARD users (n=515) and non-users (n=3855). DAS28-CRP (per unit increase) is associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.37)) but not users (HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.20)). The interaction between CRP (per log unit increase) and bDMARD use was also significant for MACE (p=0.011). CRP associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.30)), but not users (HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.17)). No interaction was observed between bDMARD use and DAS28-CRP (p=0.167) or CRP (p=0.237) for iCVE risk. Conclusions: RA activity and inflammatory markers associated with risk of MACE in bDMARD non-users but not users suggesting the possibility of biological-specific benefits locally on arterial wall independently of effects on systemic inflammation.

The development of electronics with net zero carbon emissions through more efficient and environmentally friendly materials and processes is still a challenge. Here, alternative chemical synthesis routes of metal conductive nanoparticles, based on biodegradable materials are explored, such as nickel, iron–nickel alloy and iron nanoparticles, to be used, in the long term, as fillers in inks for inject printing. Thus, Ni and FeNi metal nanoparticles of 25–12 nm, forming aggregates of 614–574 nm, respectively, are synthesized in water in the presence of a polyol and a reducing agent and under microwave heating that enables a more uniform and fast heating. Iron nanoparticles of 120 ± 40 nm are synthesized in polyol that limits the aggregation and the oxidation degree. Commercial metal nanoparticles of iron and nickel, are coated with ethylene glycol and used for comparison. The conductivity of nanoparticles when pressed into pellets remains similar for both commercial and synthesized samples. However, when deposited on a strip line and heated, synthesized Ni, FeNi, and Fe nanoparticles show significant conductivity and interesting magnetic properties. It is demonstrated that the nanosize facilitates sintering at reduced temperatures and the capping agents prevent oxidation, resulting in promising conductive fillers for printed electronic applications., B.C.P. and C.D.U. contributed equally to this work. This research wasfunded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, grant number PID2020-13480RB-I00 and TED2021-130191B-C43, and by the EU-commission,HORIZON-CL4-2021-DIGITAL-EMERGING-01 (HyPELignum), PROJECTNo.101070302 (2022-26). M.S. was supported by a Margarita Salas fel-lowship financed by the European Union-NextGenerationEU and thePlan for Recovery, Transformation and Resilience. Authors also acknowl-edge the Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación at the Universi-dad Autónoma de Madrid, the TEM Service at the Centro de BiologíaMolecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), SEM at MiNa Labora-tory (IMN, funding from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE),MINECO (project CSIC13-4E-1794) and EU (FEDER, FSE)) and XRD, FTIR,the elemental and thermal analysis, and the characterization and growthof thin films service at ICMM/CSIC.

Objectives: Chronic inflammation promotes cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) improve disease activity and cardiovascular disease outcomes. We explored whether bDMARDs influence the impact of disease activity and inflammatory markers on long-term cardiovascular risk in RA. Methods: We studied 4370 participants without cardiovascular disease in a 10-country observational cohort of patients with RA. Endpoints were (1) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death; and (2) any ischaemic cardiovascular events (iCVE) including MACE plus revascularisation, angina, transient ischaemic attack and peripheral arterial disease. Results: Over 26 534 patient-years, 239 MACE and 362 iCVE occurred. The interaction between 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) and bDMARD use was significant for MACE (p=0.017), suggesting the effect of DAS28-CRP on MACE risk differed among bDMARD users (n=515) and non-users (n=3855). DAS28-CRP (per unit increase) is associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.21 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.37)) but not users (HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.40 to 1.20)). The interaction between CRP (per log unit increase) and bDMARD use was also significant for MACE (p=0.011). CRP associated with MACE risk in bDMARD non-users (HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.30)), but not users (HR 0.65 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.17)). No interaction was observed between bDMARD use and DAS28-CRP (p=0.167) or CRP (p=0.237) for iCVE risk. Conclusions: RA activity and inflammatory markers associated with risk of MACE in bDMARD non-users but not users suggesting the possibility of biological-specific benefits locally on arterial wall independently of effects on systemic inflammation.

The development of electronics with net zero carbon emissions through more efficient and environmentally friendly materials and processes is still a challenge. Here, alternative chemical synthesis routes of metal conductive nanoparticles, based on biodegradable materials are explored, such as nickel, iron–nickel alloy and iron nanoparticles, to be used, in the long term, as fillers in inks for inject printing. Thus, Ni and FeNi metal nanoparticles of 25–12 nm, forming aggregates of 614–574 nm, respectively, are synthesized in water in the presence of a polyol and a reducing agent and under microwave heating that enables a more uniform and fast heating. Iron nanoparticles of 120 ± 40 nm are synthesized in polyol that limits the aggregation and the oxidation degree. Commercial metal nanoparticles of iron and nickel, are coated with ethylene glycol and used for comparison. The conductivity of nanoparticles when pressed into pellets remains similar for both commercial and synthesized samples. However, when deposited on a strip line and heated, synthesized Ni, FeNi, and Fe nanoparticles show significant conductivity and interesting magnetic properties. It is demonstrated that the nanosize facilitates sintering at reduced temperatures and the capping agents prevent oxidation, resulting in promising conductive fillers for printed electronic applications., B.C.P. and C.D.U. contributed equally to this work. This research wasfunded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, grant number PID2020-13480RB-I00 and TED2021-130191B-C43, and by the EU-commission,HORIZON-CL4-2021-DIGITAL-EMERGING-01 (HyPELignum), PROJECTNo.101070302 (2022-26). M.S. was supported by a Margarita Salas fel-lowship financed by the European Union-NextGenerationEU and thePlan for Recovery, Transformation and Resilience. Authors also acknowl-edge the Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación at the Universi-dad Autónoma de Madrid, the TEM Service at the Centro de BiologíaMolecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO, CSIC-UAM), SEM at MiNa Labora-tory (IMN, funding from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE),MINECO (project CSIC13-4E-1794) and EU (FEDER, FSE)) and XRD, FTIR,the elemental and thermal analysis, and the characterization and growthof thin films service at ICMM/CSIC.

This study investigates the effectiveness of inclusion measures for women with disabilities at a public university in southern Spain, aiming to understand their needs and experiences. Utilizing a gender perspective, the research engaged 12 women from various university roles in semi-structured interviews, later analyzed using NVivo 20, and organized into categories assessing institutional resources, working/academic conditions, and the interplay of disability and gender. Findings indicate that, despite no direct discrimination based on sex, the patriarchal social framework still fosters gender and inclusion gaps. Peer support emerges as a protective factor, whereas obstacles such as resource scarcity, access challenges, and a lack of awareness about disability measures pose risks. The study highlights the need for enhanced visibility of inclusive measures and the development of agile, individualized policies. It underscores the importance of raising awareness, particularly about non-visible disabilities, through educational initiatives.

Background: Canine leishmaniosis (CanL), caused by Leishmania infantum, is an important vector-borne parasitic disease in dogs with implications for human health. Despite advancements, managing CanL remains challenging due to its complexity, especially in chronic, relapsing cases. Mathematical modeling has emerged as a powerful tool in various medical fields, but its application in understanding CanL relapses remains unexplored. Methods: This retrospective study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with disease relapse in a cohort of dogs naturally infected with L. infantum. Data from 291 repeated measures of 54 dogs meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Two logistic mixed-effects models were created to identify clinicopathological variables associated with an increased risk of clinical relapses requiring a leishmanicidal treatment in CanL. A backward elimination approach was employed, starting with a full model comprising all potential predictors. Variables were iteratively eliminated on the basis of their impact on the model, considering both statistical significance and model complexity. All analyses were conducted using R software, primarily employing the lme4 package, and applying a significance level of 5% (P < 0.05). Results: This study identified clinicopathological variables associated with an increased risk of relapses requiring a leishmanicidal treatment. Model 1 revealed that for each 0.1 increase in the albumin/globulin ratio (A/G) ratio, the odds of requiring treatment decreased by 45%. Conversely, for each unit increase in the total clinical score (CS), the odds of requiring treatment increase by 22–30%. Indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) was not a significant risk factor in model 1. Model 2, incorporating individual albumin and globulins values, showed that dogs with high IFAT titers, hyper beta-globulinemia, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, and high CS were at increased risk of relapse. Both models demonstrated a good fit and e, Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Depto. de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

Background: Cats are now recognized as competent hosts for Leishmania infantum and a blood source for sand fly vectors. Although canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is endemic in Mediterranean Basin countries, large-scale epidemiological studies are lacking for feline leishmaniosis (FeL). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of L. infantum infections, associated risk factors, clinical signs, and clinicopathological abnormalities in domestic cat populations from six Mediterranean Basin countries. Methods: From 2019 to 2022, blood and serum samples of cats (n = 2067) living in Italy (n = 300), Greece (n = 297), Portugal (n = 295), France (n = 231), Israel (n = 313), and Spain (n = 631) were collected along with animal data (i.e., age, sex, breed, housing conditions, and geographical origin), clinical signs, and laboratory blood test parameters. Cats were grouped according to their age as kittens (up to 1 year), young (older than 1 and younger than 7 years), mature (between 7 and 10 years), and senior (older than 10 years). Serum samples were tested for L. infantum by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and blood samples of seropositive cats were tested for L. infantum kinetoplast deoxyribonucleic acid (kDNA). Viral infection by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was molecularly addressed in all cats enrolled. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the risk of L. infantum infection and independent variables, and among co-infection of L. infantum with FIV and/or FeLV, clinical signs, and clinicopathological abnormalities. Results: Overall, 17.3% (358/2067) of cats scored positive for L. infantum by serological tests. Specifically, 24.7% were from Portugal, 23.2% from Greece, 16.6% from Israel, 15% from Spain, 13.3% from France, and 12.6% from Italy. Leishmania infantum DNA was detected in 15 seropositive animals. Housing condition and FIV infection proved to, Depto. de Sanidad Animal, Fac. de Veterinaria, TRUE, pub

RATIONALE: There is significant practice variation in acute paediatric asthma, particularly severe exacerbations. It is unknown whether this is due to differences in clinical guidelines. OBJECTIVES: To describe and compare the content and quality of clinical guidelines for the management of acute exacerbations of asthma in children between geographic regions. METHODS: Observational study of guidelines for the management of acute paediatric asthma from institutions across a global collaboration of six regional paediatric emergency research networks. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 158 guidelines were identified. Half provided recommendations for at least two age groups, and most guidelines provided treatment recommendations according to asthma severity.There were consistent recommendations for the use of inhaled short-acting beta-agonists and systemic corticosteroids. Inhaled anticholinergic therapy was recommended in most guidelines for severe and critical asthma, but there were inconsistent recommendations for its use in mild and moderate exacerbations. Other inhaled therapies such as helium-oxygen mixture (Heliox) and nebulised magnesium were inconsistently recommended for severe and critical illness.Parenteral bronchodilator therapy and epinephrine were mostly reserved for severe and critical asthma, with intravenous magnesium most recommended. There were regional differences in the use of other parenteral bronchodilators, particularly aminophylline.Guideline quality assessment identified high ratings for clarity of presentation, scope and purpose, but low ratings for stakeholder involvement, rigour of development, applicability and editorial independence. CONCLUSIONS: Current guidelines for the management of acute paediatric asthma exacerbations have substantial deficits in important quality domains and provide limited and inconsistent guidance for severe exacerbations.

Producción Científica, The progressive robotisation and the introduction of artificial intelligence imply economic and social changes. In this paper, we investigate their impact on the occupations of recent Spanish graduates and examine how graduates with different skills can expect their occupations to be transformed by the digital era. To this end –using a three-step approach—we first map occupations in terms of the level of the transformative and destructive effects of digitalization, and determine which groups are most threatened. Second, we characterize the technological occupational groups according to dimensions related to worker and job requirements, such as abilities, skills and tasks performed. Finally, we explore the influence of educational background on the probability of belonging to each group. The analysis relies on three data sources—the main one being microdata from the Survey on Labour Market Insertion of University Graduates (EILU-2019)—which provide exhaustive information about students’ education and training during and after their degree. Results show that only about 15% of graduates hold jobs that have a high probability of being replaced by machines over the next 10–20 years, although a significant number will still face changes in their occupations that will affect skill requirements. Graduates working in these occupations will need a high level of flexibility if they are to adjust to rapid changes and not be displaced. Moreover, certain features of students’ academic background –such as the field of study or more formal education– play a key role and offer some tips to mitigate possible disruptions in graduate employability.

[Abstract] Aim. To investigate the impact of pituitary surgery on glucose metabolism and to identify predictors of remission of diabetes after pituitary surgery in patients with acromegaly. Methods. A national multicenter retrospective study of patients with acromegaly undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for the first time at 33 tertiary Spanish hospitals (ACRO-SPAIN study) was performed. Surgical remission of acromegaly was evaluated according to the 2000 and 2010 criteria. Results. A total of 604 acromegaly patients were included in the study with a total median follow up of 91 months (interquartile range [IQR] 45–163). At the acromegaly diagnosis, 23.8% of the patients had diabetes mellitus (DM) with a median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 6.9% (IQR 6.4–7.9) [51.9 mmol/mol (IQR 46.4–62.8)]. In the multivariate analysis, older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.05), dyslipidemia (OR 5.25, 95% CI 2.81 to 9.79), arthropathy (OR 1.39, 95% CI 2.82 to 9.79), and higher IGF-I levels (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.60) were associated with a greater prevalence of DM. At the last follow-up visit after surgery, 21.1% of the DM patients (56.7% of them with surgical remission of acromegaly) experienced diabetes remission. The cure rate of DM was more common in older patients (hazard ratio [HR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.43), when surgical cure was achieved (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.37) and when anterior pituitary function was not affected after surgery (HR 3.38, 95% CI 1.17 to 9.75). Conclusion. Glucose metabolism improved in patients with acromegaly after surgery and 21% of the diabetic patients experienced diabetes remission; being more frequent in patients of older age, and those who experienced surgical cure and those with preserved anterior pituitary function after surgery.

Background This study aims to identify sports interventions for children and adolescents (CaA) with chronic diseases and evaluate their impact on physical, psychological, and social well‑being. The findings of this study will contribute to our understanding of the potential benefits of sports interventions for CaA with chronic diseases and inform future interventions to promote their overall health and well‑being. Methods A systematic review was conducted in eight databases. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and utilized a comprehensive search strategy to identify studies on sport‑based interventions for CaA with chronic diseases. The review included randomized controlled trials and observational studies that focused on physical and psychosocial outcomes. Results We screened 10,123 titles and abstracts, reviewed the full text of 622 records, and included 52 primary stud ies. A total of 2352 participants were assessed with an average of 45 ± 37 participants per study. Among the included studies involving CaA with chronic diseases with an age range from 3 to 18 years, 30% (n = 15) autism spectrum dis orders, 21% (n = 11) cerebral palsy, 19% (n = 10) were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 17% (n = 9) obesity. Other diseases included were cancer (n = 5), asthma (n = 1) and cystic fibrosis (n = 1). Interventions involved various sports and physical activities tailored to each chronic disease. The duration and frequency of interventions varied across studies. Most studies assessed physical outcomes, including motor performance and physical fitness measures. Psychosocial outcomes were also evaluated, focusing on behavioural problems, social competencies, and health related quality of life. Conclusion Overall, sport‑based interventions effectively improved physical and psychosocial outcomes in CaA with chronic diseases. Interventions are generally safe, and participants adhere to the prescribed protocols favorably. Despite that, there is little e

This study aimed to compare the risk of knee injury between men and women by integrating kinetic and kinematic parameters in a non- professional athlete population. Two hundred non-professional athletes were re- cruited for the present study. Three change of direction tests were conducted, consisting of two open cuts at 30 (SC 30 ) and 45 degrees (SC 45 ) and one closed cut at 45 degrees (SC 45cl ). Kinetic variables, including three-dimensional force and accelerations in the three axes of movement and ground contact time, were assessed using force platform and accelerometers. The initial and maximum an- gles of the ankle, knee, hip, and trunk were analyzed by photogrammetry. The data was compared between males and females to examine gender differenc- es. Gender analysis demonstrated significant differences in force values, with women displaying higher medial-lateral (ML) force in SC 30 and men exhibiting higher vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and anterior-posterior (AP) force in SC 45 . Gender-specific analysis indicated higher partial knee accelerations in women during SC30 and SC45 , with significant differences observed in accelera- tion in the vertical axe. Gender differences were observed in certain kinematic variables, with women displaying higher ankle flexion at initial contact in SC 30 and higher ankle flexion at maximum flexion and ankle dorsiflexion range in SC45 . Men showed lower knee flexion angles in both SC 45cl and SC 45 . These find- ings provide valuable insights into the kinetics and kinematics of change of direction movements and highlight gender-specific differences that may have implications for training and injury prevention strategies. Further research is needed to understand the underlying factors contributing to these differences and their impact on performance and injury risk, El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el riesgo de lesión de rodilla entre hombres y mujeres mediante la integración de parámetros cinéticos y cinemáticos en una población de atletas no profesionales. Doscientos atletas no profesionales fueron reclutados para el presente estudio. Se realizaron tres prue- bas de cambio de dirección, consistentes en dos cortes abiertos a 30 (SC30 ) y 45 grados (SC45 ), y un corte cerrado a 45 grados (SC45cl ). Se evaluaron las variables cinéticas, incluida la fuerza tridimensional, así como las aceleraciones en los tres ejes de movimiento y el tiempo de contacto con el suelo mediante plataforma de fuerza y acelerometría. Se analizaron los ángulos iniciales y máximos del tobillo, la rodilla, la cadera y el tronco a través de fotogrametría. Se realizó una compa- ración de los datos entre hombres y mujeres para examinar las diferencias de género. El análisis de género demostró diferencias significativas en los valores de fuerza, mostrando las mujeres una mayor fuerza medial-lateral (ML) en SC30 , y los hombres una mayor fuerza de reacción vertical al suelo (VGRF) y fuerza an- teroposterior (AP) en SC45 . Los análisis específicos de género indicaron mayores aceleraciones parciales de rodilla en las mujeres durante SC30 y SC45 , observándo- se diferencias significativas en la aceleración en el eje vertical. Se observaron dife- rencias de género en determinadas variables cinemáticas, mostrando las mujeres mayor flexión del tobillo en el contacto inicial en SC30 y mayor flexión del tobillo en flexión máxima y rango de dorsiflexión del tobillo en SC45 . Los hombres mos- traron ángulos de flexión de rodilla más bajos tanto en SC45cl como en SC45 . Estos resultados proporcionan información valiosa sobre la cinética y la cinemática de los movimientos de cambio de dirección y ponen de relieve las diferencias especí- ficas de género que pueden tener implicaciones para las estrategias de entrena- miento y prevención de lesiones. Se necesita más

Introducción: El Bachillerato es una etapa fundamental en la toma de decisiones académicas de los y las estudiantes de Educación Secundaria para elegir una modalidad de estudios. Estas decisiones marcan el futuro académico y profesional. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las motivaciones internas y externas del alumnado de Bachillerato en su elección de modalidad, según dos variables: género y rendimiento académico. Método: Para realizar este estudio exploratorio, se ha trabajado con una muestra de 233 estudiantes, aplicando un cuestionario cuantitativo elaborado ad hoc, basado en otro ya existente. Resultados: Las pruebas aplicadas muestran significatividad estadística para las motivaciones externas, de modo que se puede afirmar que el alumnado puntúa significativamente más alto en las motivaciones externas, con matices, en las dos modalidades de estudio analizadas. No se aprecian diferencias significativas en relación con el género. Para el rendimiento académico, aunque tampoco se aprecian diferencias significativas, se observa una tendencia en el alumnado de humanidades y ciencias sociales de rendimiento académico alto para puntuar más altas las motivaciones internas. Conclusiones: La discusión de resultados muestra la originalidad de este trabajo, ya que, la mayoría de estudio se centran en las diferencias de género o rendimiento académico, sin analizar el tipo de motivaciones influyente., Introduction: The Baccalaureate represents a pivotal juncture in the academic journey of Secondary Education students, marking a significant moment for them to select their study path. Such decisions hold substantial sway over their academic trajectory and future professional endeavors. This study endeavors to delve into the intricate fabric of internal and external motivations influencing Baccalaureate students in their choice of study modality, with a particular focus on two key variables: gender and academic performance. Method: To conduct this exploratory study, we engaged a sample of 233 students and administered a bespoke quantitative questionnaire crafted specifically for this purpose, drawing inspiration from an established questionnaire. Results: The conducted tests reveal statistical significance concerning external motivations, indicating that students exhibit significantly higher scores in external motivations across both analyzed study modalities, albeit with subtle variations. Notably, no significant discrepancies were found regarding gender. Regarding academic performance, although no significant differences emerged, there existed a trend among high-performing students in humanities and social sciences to exhibit elevated levels of internal motivations. Conclusions: The discussion of results underscores the originality of this research, as opposed to the predominant focus in existing studies on gender disparities or academic performance alone, without delving into the nuanced landscape of influential motivations.

Research and development (R&D) in the pharmaceutical sector traditionally operated with in closed, siloed institutional settings, driven by intellectual property rights concerns that viewed data sharing as a threat. However, the evolving scientific landscape demands a more collaborative approach involving external engagement and dynamic partnerships. To address this, a hybrid contractual framework combining smart contracts, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and traditional licensing schemes is introduced. This framework was developed through an experimental pilot platform that adhered to FAIR data principles, allowing participants to store, find, and reuse data related to drug discovery. The platform utilizes blockchain technology to document real-world assets in an immutable digital ledger. Smart contracts and NFTs offer an open and global collaborative platform for advancing drug research assets, overcoming hurdles related to standardization, interoperability, and disclosure. This framework aims to reconcile the conflict between the demand for greater data sharing and the protection of rightsholder interests in pharmaceutical R&D. By providing mechanisms for resolving practical challenges, it facilitates further cooperation and innovation in the field.

Postpartum depression is a significant health issue affecting both mothers and newborns during the postpartum period. Group support interventions during this period have proven effective in helping women cope with depression and improving breastfeeding rates. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a midwife-led breastfeeding support group intervention on breastfeeding rates, postpartum depression and general self-efficacy. This was a multicentric cluster randomised controlled trial with control and intervention groups and was not blinded. It was conducted in Andalusia (southern Spain) from October 2021 to May 2023. A total of 382 women participated in the study. The results showed a significant difference in exclusive breastfeeding rates at 4 months postpartum between the groups (control 50% vs. intervention 69.9%; p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a lower mean score on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in the intervention group (12.49 ± 3.6 vs. 13.39 ± 4.0; p = 0.044). Similarly, higher scores of general self-efficacy were observed among breastfeeding women at 2 and 4 months postpartum (77.73 ± 14.81; p = 0.002 and 76.46 ± 15.26; p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, midwife-led breastfeeding support groups enhanced self-efficacy, prolonged breastfeeding and reduced postpartum depression 4 months after giving birth.

El objetivo general del presente estudio es evaluar los riesgos ergonómicos que afectan a los servidores policiales de la Unidad de Mantenimiento del Orden en la ciudad de Quito del Distrito de Policía Manuelita Sáenz se pretende determinar las posturas forzadas y movimientos repetitivos que realizan los servidores policiales con el equipo de trabajo para ello la metodología empleada corresponde a la lista de chequeo OCRA y al método RULA. Como resultados se tiene en el primer caso, que el riesgo del 90% de los trabajadores es “Inaceptable Alto” y del 10% restante “Inaceptable Medio”, por lo que se recomienda en ambos casos, una mejora del puesto, supervisión médica y entrenamiento. Con el método RULA se tiene que el nivel de riesgo (y actuación) varía entre 4 (se requieren análisis y cambios de manera inmediata), 3 (realizar un estudio en profundidad y corregir la postura lo antes posible) y 2 (evaluación más detallada y, posiblemente algunos cambios), siendo este último el más común entre la población de estudio. Finalmente, se concluye que para contrarrestar los riesgos identificados se propone la ejecución de capacitaciones, pausas activas, supervisión médica, y acondicionamiento de puestos de trabajo., The general objective of this study is to evaluate the ergonomic risks that affect the police servants of the Order Maintenance Unit in the city of Quito of the Manuelita Sáenz Police District; with the objective of determining the forced postures and repetitive movements that police servers perform with the work team for this, the methodology used corresponds to the OCRA checklist and the RULA method. As results it is in the first case, that the risk of 90% of the workers is "Unacceptable High" and the remaining 10% "Unacceptable Medium", so it is recommended in both cases, an improvement of the position, medical supervision and training. With the RULA method it is necessary that the level of risk (and action) varies between 4 (analysis and changes are required immediately), 3 (perform an in-depth study and correct the posture as soon as possible) and 2 (more detailed evaluation and, possibly, some changes), the latter being the most common among the study population. Finally, it is concluded that in order to counteract the identified risks, the execution of training, active breaks, medical supervision, and conditioning of jobs is proposed., O objetivo geral deste estudo é avaliar os riscos ergonômicos que afetam os policiais da Unidade de Manutenção de Ordens do Distrito Policial Manuelita Sáenz, na cidade de Quito, a fim de determinar as posturas forçadas e os movimentos repetitivos realizados pelos policiais com seu equipamento de trabalho, usando a lista de verificação OCRA e o método RULA. Os resultados mostram que, no primeiro caso, o risco para 90% dos trabalhadores é "Altamente Inaceitável" e para os 10% restantes é "Medianamente Inaceitável", de modo que, em ambos os casos, recomenda-se uma melhoria do posto, supervisão médica e treinamento. Com o método RULA, o nível de risco (e a ação) varia entre 4 (análise imediata e mudanças são necessárias), 3 (realizar um estudo aprofundado e corrigir a postura o mais rápido possível) e 2 (avaliação mais detalhada e possivelmente algumas mudanças), sendo este último o mais comum entre a população estudada. Por fim, conclui-se que, para neutralizar os riscos identificados, propõe-se a implementação de treinamento, pausas ativas, supervisão médica e condicionamento do local de trabalho.

The tourist inns in Paraguay are part of the Tourist Accommodation Development Program implemented by the National Secretariat of Tourism for the empowerment of families in areas with tourism potential, but in these ventures there is no culture of cost control or process management that frame business decisions within a planned whole. In this context, the objective of the study was to analyze the strategic cost management for decision making in the field of tourist inns in Paraguay. A qualitative bibliographic research was carried out and was framed at the descriptive level of non-experimental design. The research focused on the identification of the activities that generate costs in tourist inns, on the characterization of strategic cost management and on the determination of their effects on decision making. The analysis allowed us to conclude that cost management in tourist inns is carried out based on the registration of disbursements for business expenses and investments; But it is crucial to process additional information about activities and production processes and incorporate controls to improve business management., Las posadas turísticas en Paraguay forman parte del Programa de Desarrollo de Alojamientos Turísticos implementado por la Secretaría Nacional de Turismo para el empoderamiento de las familias en áreas con potencial turístico, pero en estos emprendimientos no existe una cultura de control de costos ni de gestión de procesos que enmarquen las decisiones de negocio dentro un todo planificado. En este contexto, el objetivo del estudio fue analizar la gestión estratégica de costos para la toma de decisiones en el rubro de posadas turísticas en el Paraguay. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica de tipo cualitativa y se enmarcó en el nivel descriptivo de diseño no experimental. La investigación se centró en la identificación de las actividades que generan costos en las posadas turísticas, en la caracterización de la gestión estratégica de costos y en la determinación de sus efectos en la toma de decisiones. El análisis permitió concluir que la gestión de costos en las posadas turísticas se realiza en base al registro de los desembolsos en concepto de gastos e inversiones del negocio; pero es crucial procesar información adicional sobre las actividades y los procesos productivos e incorporar controles para la mejora de la gestión empresarial.

Cholestasis is characterized by disrupted bile flow from the liver to the small intestine. Although etiologically different cholestasis displays similar symptoms, diverse factors can contribute to the progression of the disease and determine the appropriate therapeutic option. Therefore, stratifying cholestatic patients is essential for the development of tailor-made treatment strategies. Here, we have analyzed the liver proteome from cholestatic patients of different etiology. In total, 7161 proteins were identified and quantified, of which 263 were differentially expressed between control and cholestasis groups. These differential proteins point to deregulated cellular processes that explain part of the molecular framework of cholestasis progression. However, the clustering of different cholestasis types was limited. Therefore, a machine learning pipeline was designed to identify a panel of 20 differential proteins that segregate different cholestasis groups with high accuracy and sensitivity. In summary, proteomics combined with machine learning algorithms provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of cholestasis progression and a panel of proteins to discriminate across different types of cholestasis. This strategy may prove useful in developing precision medicine approaches for patient care.

In the Western Mediterranean Sea, forage fishes have changed in abundance, body condition, growth, reproduction, and distribution in the last decades. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain these changes, including increase in fishing mortality; changes in environmental conditions affecting species fitness, and planktonic productivity and quality; recovery of top predators; and increase in competitors. We investigated the main drivers and changes of the pelagic ecosystem and their effects using an ecosystem-based modelling approach. Specifically, we (1) quantified the potential historical contribution of various drivers of change, (2) investigated changes in temporal trends and spatial distributions of main ecosystem components, and (3) identified ecological consequences of these changes in top predator and competitors, their fisheries and ecosystem traits during 2000–2020. We updated an established Ecopath food-web model representing the Spanish and French Mediterranean sub-areas (GSA06 and GSA07) in 2000 with recent available data. We applied the temporal dynamic Ecosim module, and tested historical time series of fishing effort, fishing mortality and environmental factors as potential drivers. Observed biomass and landings of key species were used to validate model projections. A spatial-temporal Ecospace model was developed to project species distribution changes. Results showed historical biomass and catch changes driven by a combination of high fishing pressure and environmental change (i.e. increase in temperature and salinity, and decline in primary productivity). Small pelagic fish showed significant temporal changes and predicted shifts in their distributions, following a latitudinal gradient. Predators and competitors showed changes as well, displaying heterogeneous spatial patterns, while fisheries landings declined. Overall, results matched observations (e.g., decline of sardine, fluctuations of anchovy and increases in bluefin tuna) and ill

The researchers conducted this study to determine if the crime prevention program implemented by Barangay 164 – Talipapa, Caloocan City, can be used to face the problem of crime during the pandemic. As Michael Tonry and David Farrington (1995) described, crime prevention programs refer to traditional deterrent, incapacitative, and rehabilitative strategies operated by law enforcement and criminal justice system agencies. Crime will not be eradicated in society, but it will be reduced through implementing a crime prevention program employing law enforcement and local government in the community.  The researchers used the descriptive method with the aid of statistical methods. The researchers use this method to get information by interviewing and conducting survey questionnaires. The researchers conducted a survey questionnaire and interviewed 20 respondents, ten barangay officials and ten police officers employed in the said barangay.  Most respondents were 26-50 years old and male, which shows that the police force is male-dominated. The implementation, LGU, and community support were regarded as “very effective.” Results show that the crime rate during the pandemic decreased, while the problems that affected the crime prevention program were regarded as “serious.” Lastly, the measures proposed to address the problems encountered were “highly recommended.”   The researchers recommend the strict implementation of a curfew and requesting the city government for frequent checks by the police and barangay personnel, increase police or barangay visibility in crime-prone areas, and invite police community affairs and development groups to collaborate with the barangay unit for crime prevention.&nbsp

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3) is a severe rare liver disease that affects between 1/50,000 and 1/100,000 children. In physiological conditions, bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, and then it flows to the small intestine to play its role in fat digestion. To prevent tissue damage, bile acids (BAs) are kept in phospholipid micelles. Mutations in phosphatidyl choline transporter ABCB4 (MDR3) lead to intrahepatic accumulation of free BAs that result in liver damage. PFIC3 onset usually occurs at early ages, progresses rapidly, and the prognosis is poor. Currently, besides the palliative use of ursodeoxycholate, the only available treatment for this disease is liver transplantation, which is really challenging for short-aged patients. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of PFIC3 we have performed an integrated proteomics and phosphoproteomics study in human liver samples to then validate the emerging functional hypotheses in a PFIC3 murine model. We identified 6246 protein groups, 324 proteins among them showing differential expression between control and PFIC3. The phosphoproteomic analysis allowed the identification of 5090 phosphopeptides, from which 215 corresponding to 157 protein groups, were differentially phosphorylated in PFIC3, including MDR3. Regulation of essential cellular processes and structures, such as inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell proliferation, were identified as the main drivers of the disease. Our results provide a strong molecular background that significantly contributes to a better understanding of PFIC3 and provides new concepts that might prove useful in the clinical management of patients.

El 58% del personal investigador en España desarrolla actividades artísticas, las cuales son frecuentemente utilizadas para transferir y divulgar su labor científica, obtener ideas para futura investigación o generar ingresos para sus organizaciones. Sin embargo, a pesar de la relevancia de estas actividades, carecemos de políticas o medidas específicas al respecto. Esta nota presenta motivaciones y propuestas exploratorias para abordar esta realidad, concebidas por un grupo de personas expertas en arte, transferencia de conocimiento, comunicación científica, políticas e igualdad en ciencia, tecnología e innovación.

MDR3 (multidrug resistance 3) deficiency in humans (MDR2 in mice) causes progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3). PFIC3 is a lethal disease characterized by an early onset of intrahepatic cholestasis progressing to liver cirrhosis, a preneoplastic condition, putting individuals at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocyte-like organoids from MDR2-deficient mice (MDR2KO) were used in this work to study the molecular alterations caused by the deficiency of this transporter. Proteomic analysis by mass spectrometry allowed characterization of 279 proteins that were differentially expressed in MDR2KO compared with wild-type organoids. Functional enrichment analysis indicated alterations in three main cellular functions: (1) interaction with the extracellular matrix, (2) remodeling intermediary metabolism, and (3) cell proliferation and differentiation. The affected cellular processes were validated by orthogonal molecular biology techniques. Our results point to molecular mechanisms associated with PFIC3 that may drive the progression to liver cirrhosis and HCC and suggest proteins and cellular processes that could be targeted for the development of early detection strategies for these severe liver diseases.