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Book Review: El peligro de estar cuerda, by Rosa Montero, Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare, (CC BY NC ND)

The illustrations of Hashime Murayama were vital in enabling the Papanicolaou test to be understood, admired and observed worldwide, making Papanicolaou's Atlas of cytology so fundamental in the detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Murayama was a talented Japanese artist who initially worked for the National Geographic magazine; his figurative watercolours were ideal for portraying the wonders of nature. Later, he collaborated with George Papanicolaou in Cornell University as he was able to improve on the microphotography of the era; an era in which it was not yet understood why cervical cancer caused so many deaths. His illustrations captured the most intricate cellular details and his artistic legacy will always be enlightening in each display of cellular artistry as seen under the microscope., (Copyright © 2019. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

The aim of this article is to present an appealing tool for teaching breast imaging that uses the muses of Renaissance and Baroque artists. The examples described here show how medicine and art can be combined to arouse interest in newcomers to breast imaging., (Copyright © 2018 SERAM. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Art, by virtue of its symbolic power, may function as a cognitive instrument and even as an aid in the scientific research process, especially in the phase of hypothesis generation and data analysis given its ability to induce creative and intuitive thinking. In this article, we propose a method to put such concept into practice based on the exposure of scientists to collective artistic activities in protected settings, a methodology developed from the experiences described by renowned artists and scientists., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Objetive: This article describes the strategy of incorporating artists into the teams of community health in the city of Madrid, specifically in the Madrid Salud Centers., Method: The artistic colletive, Batas Nómadas, formed by three artists expertized in visual arts, has developed performances and participatory aproach to explain the incorporation of art and artists in these teams of professionals of Madrid Salud., Results: Batas Nómadas has carried out sessions in 14 work teams of the Madrid Salud Centers and has collected data in a creative way from the 179 professionals that have participated in these sessions., Conclusions: These actions have shown some needs in community health, and have noticed a meaningful reflection on the usefulness of the art to develop participative strategies into the Madrid Salud teams., (Copyright © 2018. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

This article presents a summary of the first 2 years of the collaboration between the Faculty of Fine Arts of the Universidad Complutense in Madrid and Madrid Health, an autonomous organism of Madrid Council. This collaboration has allowed the development of joint experiences and projects among distinct professionals with highly diverse profiles: health professionals (sexologists, psychiatrists, nurses, etc.), and teachers, researchers, artists and students in the Faculty of Fine Arts. As a result, these experiences could be the beginning of future collaborations between the arts, health and prevention., (Copyright © 2014 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)

This article presents the results of a qualitative study examining a series of artistic and cultural activities that emerged over the last years in Brazil in the context of psychiatric reform. Using both semi-structured interviews with users and mental health professionals as the authors of these activities, as well as participant observation in cultural and artistic events within the period 2007-2010, this study analyzes the role of recognition within the artistic-cultural dimension in the production of subjectivities different from those produced by the traditional psychiatric field.

The patobiographic data of 4 great xx century artists - Modigliani, Matisse, Portinari and Rebecca Horn - are reviewed. Their artistic careers were cut short at some moment due to the professional diseases they suffered in relation with the materials used in their works. In the case of Matisse, this was due to his own temperament by manipulation of the scars from surgery. However, they fought against such impediments and when they overcame them, they were able to find new ways of artistic expression to channel their creativity., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)

Background: In Mexico among physicians it is common to use the term "bus diagnosis" to mean one that can be done only by looking someone, thanks to knowledge, experience and a bit of imagination. Ophthalmologists are able to do specialty diagnosis in some pictures of famous painters, thus "museum diagnosis.", Methods: An aesthetic and historical research conducted for years provided the material., Results: We present herein some examples of portraits made by Sharaku, Georg Groz, Il Bronzino, De la Tour, Vermeer, Rembrandt, Reynolds, Remedios Varo, Toulouse-Lautrec, Picasso, Ingres and others., Conclusion: The "museum diagnosis" enhances interest and aesthetic pleasure. Art could be useful as a tool for teaching clinical ophthalmology.

In 2002, Brazil became the first country in the region to implement pictorial health warning labels on cigarette packages. Since the adoption of the FCTC/WHO in 2005, nine more countries adopted pictorial labels and six passed legislation that is pending of implementation. The message content and the picture style vary across countries. Seventeen countries have banned brand descriptors and nine require a qualitative label with information on constituents and emissions. Since 2005, important progress has been achieved in the region. However, countries that have ratified the FCTC have not yet implemented all the recommendations of Article 11 Guidelines.

The aim of this work is to study the unidimensional and multidimensional nature of creativity when assessed through divergent thinking tasks, as proposed in Torrance's battery (Torrance Creative Thinking Test, TTCT). This battery is made up of various tasks with verbal and figurative content, aimed at estimating the level of creativity according to the dimensions or cognitive functions of fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration of the individuals' ideas. This work used a sample of 595 Portuguese students from 5th and 6th grade. The results of confirmatory factor analysis reveals that the unidimensional model (a general factor of creativity) and the model of factors as a function of the cognitive dimensions of creativity, based on task content, do not fit well. The model with the best fit has a hierarchical factor structure, in which the first level comprises the factors for each of the subtests applied and the second level includes verbal or figurative content. The difficulty to verify the structural validity of the TTCT is noted, and the need for further studies to achieve, in practice, better individual creativity scores.

The purpose of this study was to plan health education efforts that integrate the health and education sectors. From March to November 2004, an art contest was held for 7th-9th grade students in 109 schools in 11 of Argentina's provinces. The contest allowed improvements in knowledge to be measured and adjustments to be made to the curriculum. The students created works of art featuring tuberculosis. To evaluate knowledge acquired, two provinces were chosen at random. Student knowledge had increased from 67.2% to 96.4%. The administrators and teachers testified to the usefulness of the materials developed. These results show that when the efforts of health and education sectors are coordinated and the appropriate materials are leveraged, the efforts of educators can be substantially bolstered.

The author, Medical Doctor and Master in Art History, dicusses the real existence of the so called by the Florentine MD Magherini Stendhal syndrome, first time published in 1980 to put out the sickness that some tourists in their Florentia visit suffered, because the big beauty they founded in the city, as the French writter Stendahl suffered two centuries ago.

Objective: To contribute to the humanistic education of medical students., Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was done on history, art and literature items in relation with Urology., Results: The introduction of cultural items in the Urology subject, as a motivation and complement of the biomedical items, is proposed and illustrated by examples., Conclusions: The Urology subject can contribute to the humanistic education of medical students.

Introduction: Migraine is frequent in children. Children's drawings of their symptoms can help to identify it., Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of children's drawings to identify migraine in those who suffer from headache. POPULATION, MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 48 patients aged 5 to 19 years, assisted for headache. In all cases they were asked to draw what happened to them before and during the episode, and then the drawing was analyzed by a pediatric neurologist ("artistic diagnosis"). Afterwards, all were evaluated by another pediatric neurologist ("clinical diagnosis"). Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), negative (NPV) and positive (PPV) predictive values of the "artistic diagnosis" to predict "clinical diagnosis" were calculated. Possible interaction of age, Intellectual Standard Score (ISS), maternal education and previous contact with a neurologist was evaluated by logistic regression., Results: After controlling by those factors, the "artistic diagnosis" was found to be an independent predictor of the "clinical diagnosis" of migraine (p < 0.01, OR: 23), achieving Se: 69,6%, Sp: 88%, PPV: 84,2% and NPV: 75,9. The performance was still better when only subjects with ISS >/= 70 were considered., Conclusion: Children tend to communicate their symptoms more effectively through drawings than verbally. The "artistic diagnosis" was accurate to predict the "clinical diagnosis" of migraine.

Introduction: The San Pedro cactus contains the alkaloid mescaline and other derivates of phenethylamine with hallucinogenic properties. This cactus was used throughout history by a number of different pre-Columbine cultures and civilisations that settled in northern Peru. In this article we review the ethno-archaeological and ethno-historical evidence of the ritual use of the San Pedro cactus in the pre-Columbine cultures, and these findings are compared with the information provided by current ethnographical studies., Development: The longer a cactus has been stored, the stronger and the higher its content in mescaline-derived alkaloids will be. Archaeological evidence has been found of the use of San Pedro for magical-religious purposes in the following pre-Columbine cultures: Cupisnique (1500 BC), Chavin (1000 BC), Moche (100-750 AD) and Lambayeque (750-1350 AD). Today's master shamans use San Pedro on altars ('mesas') erected for healing rites in order to treat enchantment and bad luck. The mesa follows a sophisticated ritual: 'levantar' (raise) or sniff tobacco with alcohol, ingest San Pedro, pinpoint the diseases, cleanse the evil and 'florecer' (flourish) the sick person. The mesa rite is performed in the early hours of Tuesdays and Fridays, which are sacred days in the Andean religions. San Pedro is sometimes replaced by an infusion of plants and seeds that contain hallucinogenic components, such as ayahuasca and the 'mishas' (Brugmansia sp.)., Conclusions: The ancient tradition of using the San Pedro cactus for healing and hallucinogenic purposes has remained part of the culture in Andean shamanism up to the present day.

Objective: To evaluate the impact that a violent and a non-violent movie may cause on scholars., Methods: In Bogotá, 125 public primary school students were surveyed, applying a questionnaire to learn both about their daily life violence and their attitude towards it. Two weeks later, they were shown one violent movie, and two weeks later a non-violent one. Children were asked to draw their families, express their opinions and answer a questionnaire after each movie., Results: The initial survey showed that 23.6% of the children reported violent responses when they were offended, 39.8% reported some kind of familiar violence and 19.5% identified themselves with a violent figure. Boys were more prone to respond violently when offended and to identify themselves with a violent figure than girls (p=0.004). Compared with the non-violent movie, a greater percentage of children excluded themselves from the family drawing after watching the violent movie (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.55; 95% Interval Confidence (95% CI) 1.22-5.43, p=0.01). The family drawing after the violent movie also showed more emotional signs (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.35-7.52; p=0.0053) and more aggressive signs (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.22-5.43; p=0.01) than the family drawing after the non-violent movie., Conclusions: The family drawing test showed the immediate impact of television. Television violence negatively influences kids and should be avoided.

Savant syndrome is currently still very mysterious, yet, thanks to the progress made in neuroimaging studies and especially MSI (Magnetic Source Imaging) techniques, a little more is now known about it. The theory, formulated many years ago, about damage to the left hemisphere of the brain has been supported by functional neuroimaging. Its relation to developmental disorders or to autism spectrum disorders is far more justified today and can be explained on the basis of its neuropathology. We present a study based on a review of the scientific literature concerning the syndrome, from the first time it was described back in 1789 by Benjamin Rush up to the present day. We comment on its epidemiology and positive clinical manifestations, involving brilliant artistic talent and dazzling memory, but also the negative aspects suffered by these autistic patients. The most important theories are discussed together with the clinical coincidence with frontotemporal dementia and the responsibility of the right hemisphere when there are alterations in the contralateral hemisphere. The latest contributions made by Positron Emission Tomography and magnetoencephalography will be discussed and a mini-video of a personal case will be projected.

Background: When a child develops asthma symptoms, several changes in his/her behavior, in his/her family and in his/her social environment begin., Objective: To identify the most frequent personality traits and psychological disturbances in asthmatic children and adolescents., Material and Methods: A transversal, observational and descriptive study was performed on 85 asthmatic children and adolescents ages from 5 to 18 years old that attended a questionnaire, and a graphic test on 77 of those children, which consisted on drawing two pictures. Such pictures were analyzed by a psychotherapist to determine the personality traits and the psychological disturbance present in these individuals., Results: All the children answered positively at least one of the questions which detect data related to depression in the questionnaire, being the more frequent: easy anger (40%), insomnia (29%), sadness (15%), auto-aggression or suicide ideas (11%) and loss of appetite (6%). According to graphic test interpretation, 39% of children showed a depression disturbance, 29% adaptation disturbance with depression symptoms, and 12% an adaptation disturbance. In addition, we found that 2 children were victim of abuse and negligence into their families., Conclusion: The 100% of the evaluated asthmatic children and adolescents, showed data related to depression presence.

Introduction: The tests for measuring the ability of a child for copy a drawing take no less than 15 minutes and require a direct attention to the patient. This makes them almost impossible to use in the neurological or paediatric consultation., Objective: In this report a new test of drawing copy, the grafomotor test, is presented. It is composed by 8 easy figures: diamond, stair, cross, flower, clock, house, cube and bicycle and the score method is simple. The progressive maturation of drawing in childhood and the reliability and validity of the test are studied., Patients and Methods: Two studies were done: a) 210 children aged 5 12 (all the children belonging to two classes of every age ) of a medium high socioeconomic level primary school made the test, remade it again after 24 hours, and them were scored blindly by a neuropediatrician and a school psychologist. b) 133 children (5 11 year old) of a paediatric consultation of a medium low socioeconomic level. Every child who wanted draw the test., Results and Conclusions: 1. The score system proposed is easy and takes less than 1 minute to do. The perfect test get a score of 0, and the worst possible a score of 20; 2. Result show high reliability: interobserver Pearson s correlation coefficient r> 0.92, and reliability Cronbach alpha coefficient= 0.97; test retest reliability r> 0,91 and alpha= 0,95. 3. It is a valid tool to measure visuomotor maturation in childhood. Average scores are different at every age until 11 years. 4. There is no difference in scores between children of the two socioeconomic levels studied. 5. The test is easy, and fast to do and to score. It takes 5 10 minutes and can be passed in the same neurological or paediatric consultation, while talking with the parents. Results depend on mental or drawing level, not on the socioeconomic status. 6. GT is, therefore, proposed as another tool to add to the neurological clinical examination.