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Microorganisms can cause the cutting fluid to deteriorate and destroy the anti-rust properties of the cutting fluid，thereby resulting in the corrosion of workpieces and machine tools.Firstly，this article outlined the different invasion pathways of microorganisms in cutting fluids，analyzed the types of microorganisms in cutting fluids and the microbial concentrations at different stages，and summarized the changes in microbial strains.Secondly，the influence of microorganisms on the rust resistance of cutting fluid was summarized in detail from three aspects:the failure of effective components in cutting fluid，the decrease in environmental pH value and the corrosion of microbial biofilm.Finally，the current methods for controlling and inhibiting microorganisms in cutting fluids were compared and analyzed，and reference suggestions were proposed.

With the development of science, technology, and the economy, China has become the world's largest emitter of carbon emissions. To achieve sustainable development in both the economy and the environment, promoting a low-carbon economy and implementing energy conservation and emission reduction measures are crucial. This study incorporates media participation as an effective source of government supervision into an evolutionary game model that addresses the choices of environmental regulations and emission reduction strategies for non-compliant port and shipping enterprises. Through the derivation and analysis of replicator dynamics equations and evolutionary stability, four different scenarios are identified, representing the strategic choices of government environmental regulations and non-compliant enterprise behaviors. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the evolutionary outcomes and pathways under different initial values and conditions. Additionally, the impact of media exposure probability on the strategic choices of the government and non-compliant enterprises is analyzed. The results indicate that a higher media exposure probability can promote non-compliant enterprises to opt for self-disclosure while reducing government regulatory costs. The government can enhance the positive involvement of the media to lower the regulatory costs imposed on non-compliant port and shipping enterprises, thereby improving the design of environmental regulations and achieving a win-win situation for economic and environmental performance.

Background: Pulse wave, as a carrier of human hemodynamic parameters, can reflect the hemodynamic state of the menstrual cycle. Objective: To explore the influence of pulse wave shape and pulse rate variation on menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea. Methods: The pulse waveform data of 20 women during the whole menstrual cycle were collected and monitored, and the waveform characteristics and pulse rate variation characteristics were calculated. Results: The characteristic parameters of waveform and pulse rate variation increased first and then decreased with the development of the menstrual cycle. Characteristics were associated with dysmenorrhea at different stages of the menstrual cycle. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the physiological significance of pulse wave characteristics and heart rate variability parameters in relation to the menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea. These results provide new insights into the physiological mechanisms underlying pulse wave changes during the menstrual cycle and offer potential guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrhea.

Ginsenoside Rh2 is one of the rare ginsenosides extracted from Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. The anti-allergic activity of ginsenoside Rh2 has been documented in some literature. In this work, an anti-allergic mechanism of ginsenoside Rh2 was investigated by focusing on the differentiation of T cells through Langerhans cells (LCs). Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells (LDCs) were generated in vitro and were used as substitute for LCs.In vivo the mRNA expression for IFN-γ and CXCR3 of T cells was increased after being injected with ginsenoside Rh2-treated LDCs thereby increasing the concentration of IFN-γ in the culture supernatants of CD3+/CD28+ T lymphocytes. However,in vitro, the expression of mRNA for CD40 and CD80 on ginsenoside Rh2-treated LDCs was up-regulated significantly and the endocytic activity of LDCs was down-regulated slightly. These findings indicate that T cells differentiation could be regulated by ginsenoside Rh2 through LDCs in vivo by altering the antigen presenting capacity, maturation and phagocytosis of LDCs.