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Brewer’s spent grains (BSG) are a by-product of the beer industry and can be used to produce biofuels. In this case, the objective of this study was to obtain reducing sugars from this biomass by subcritical water hydrolysis in a semi-continuous mode after steam explosion. Temperatures of 120–180 °C, reaction times of 1–5 min, and pressures of 15–25 MPa were used for the steam explosion without CO2. Moistures of 10–50% (w/v), temperatures of 120–180 °C, reaction times of 1–5 min, and pressures of 15–25 MPa were used for the steam explosion with CO2. Subcritical water hydrolysis of solid-exploded material was developed at 210 °C, 15 MPa, a solid/feed ratio of 16 g/g, and a flow rate of 20 mL/min. The characterization of BSG, reducing sugar yields, kinetic profiles, the composition of monosaccharides and furanic moieties, and the characterization of remaining solid by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. For steam explosion with CO2, the significant variables were the temperature and moisture, and the optimized conditions were moisture of 50% (w/v), 120 °C, pretreatment for 1 min, and 15 MPa, with a reducing sugars yield of 18.41 ± 1.02 g/100 g BSG. For steam explosion without CO2, the significant variables were the time and temperature, and the optimized conditions were 120 °C, pretreatment for 1 min, and 15 MPa, with a reducing sugars yield of 17.05 ± 0.48 g/100 g BSG. The process was successful because the steam explosion ruptured the lignocellulosic matrix, and the subsequent process of subcritical water hydrolysis could dissociate the polymers into low-chain saccharides.

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, de uma Universidade localizada no interior do Paraná, na elaboração e implementação de uma proposta para o Ensino-Aprendizagem de Probabilidade via Resolução de Problemas. Essa proposta foi elaborada e discutida no âmbito da disciplina intitulada Ensino de Probabilidade e Estatística que é ofertada no 4º ano do referido curso e sua implementação ocorreu em uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Com base na experiência desenvolvida, em relação ao uso da Resolução de Problemas para ensinar matemática na Educação Básica, consideramos que ao adotar a perspectiva de Ensino-Aprendizagem de matemática via Resolução de Problemas oportunizamos que os alunos participassem ativamente de todo o processo de construção do conhecimento e verificamos que a proposta permitiu que seus conhecimentos prévios, opiniões, argumentações e discussões fossem valorizadas. Além disso, inferimos que as ações da escolha do problema e a de auxílio aos alunos durante a resolução do problema podem ser consideradas como as mais desafiadoras para professores em formação inicial. Concluímos que ter a oportunidade de trabalhar com a Resolução de Problemas associada a uma disciplina durante nossa formação inicial permitiu a construção de uma base teórica de conhecimentos acerca dessa perspectiva de ensino, e, principalmente, nos oportunizou vivenciar como o conhecimento do conteúdo do aluno pode ser construído ao adotarmos essa prática para ensinar matemática em sala de aula.

Abstract Background Physical fitness has been considered an important health indicator. Several factors can impact the increase in physical fitness in children and adolescents, including chronological age, sex and BMI, in addition to training variables such as weekly frequency, session and intervention duration, and types of exercises performed. To know the importance of variables that can impact physical fitness, it is important for health professionals to identify the most efficient way of prescribing physical exercises for children and adolescents. The aim is review and meta-analyses of the effects of supervised and structured physical exercise on the physical fitness trainability of children and adolescents. Methods Relevant articles were searched in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Scopus platform databases and selected based on the following criteria: children and adolescents aged between 7 and 17 years who performed any type of structured physical exercise compared to a control group without exercise and evaluating physical fitness (strength or muscular power, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) or speed. The results are reported in accordance with PRISMA 2020. Results Eighty studies were included with a total of 5769 participants. Strength exercises (ES: 1.073; 95% CI, 0.612–1.533; P

Abstract Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the paranasal sinus mucosa lasting over 12 weeks. Its etiology includes infections, allergies, immune system failures, anatomical abnormalities, and mucociliary transport disorders. The complex anatomy of the sinonasal region can hinder mucociliary drainage; necessitating CT scans to evaluate predisposing factors and minimize surgical risks. This study aimed to understand the anatomical variations in the paranasal sinuses and their correlation with CRS. Results The study included 128 CRS patients aged 20 to 75, averaging 36.2 years. The most common symptoms were nasal congestion (98%), runny nose (85%), facial pressure (57%), reduced sense of smell (53%), and posterior nasal discharge (43%). Maxillary rhinosinusitis was the most prevalent (88%), followed by ethmoid (84%), frontal (58%), and sphenoid (48%) rhinosinusitis. Anatomical variations were present in 96% of patients, with deviated nasal septum (81.3%), agger nasi pneumatization (73.4%), and frontoethmoidal cells (60.2%) being the most common. Logistic regression indicated a significant association between concha bullosa and maxillary rhinosinusitis (p 0.05). Conclusion This study found a high prevalence of anatomical variations in CRS patients, with deviated nasal septum, agger nasi pneumatization, and frontoethmoidal cells being the most common. A significant association was identified between concha bullosa and maxillary rhinosinusitis.

Abstract Background The rate of torque development (RTD) has been associated with sports performance and can be improved during the biological maturation process of young soccer players. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of maturity status on the knee extensors’ RTD of soccer players after appropriate normalization. Methods Twenty-seven young male soccer players aged 13–18 years old were allocated into two groups: pubescent (PUB, n = 11) and postpubescent (POSP, n = 16). RTD was obtained by performing a maximum voluntary isometric contraction at six different knee joint angles (30º, 45º, 60º, 75º, 90º, and 105º). Anthropometric (height and body mass) and muscle architecture variables (muscle thickness, muscle volume, fascicle length, pennation angle, and cross-section area) were evaluated as body size descriptors and used to identify the best way for appropriate normalization of RTD data. Results Muscle architecture variables showed no correlations with RTD (p > 0.05), while body mass showed a positive correlation (0.405

Summary: Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is on rise, in parallel with the increase in obesity and other lifestyle factors. The systematization of nutritional care is an important tool for diagnosing and intervening appropriately in these cases. However, despite the numerous interventions for MAFLD, few studies explore the systematized approach of the Nutrition Care Process. Objective: To identify the diagnosis and interventions in the nutritional care of people with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis disease. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, of adults with non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis disease who were treated at a specialized outpatient clinic in a public hospital in southern Brazil. Data was collected from February to August 2023, with sociodemographic and clinical data supporting the diagnoses and nutritional interventions. The data was analyzed descriptively by central tendency, simple and relative frequency. Results: 45 people took part, most of them elderly (78%) and obese (93%). The most frequent nutritional problem was excessive energy (62%) and carbohydrate (57%) intake. The main goals set were to reduce energy and simple carbohydrate intake and increase fiber. Conclusion: The most common nutritional diagnosis was Excessive Expected Energy Intake and the need for interventions to reduce energy intake, simple carbohydrates and increase fiber, and all patients required nutritional monitoring. The systematization proposed in the Nutrition Care process standardizes the identification of the diagnosis and appropriate nutritional intervention, making it possible to monitor and evaluate the management of results.

Abstract Background A Tonsil-Oral-Scrubbing (TOSc) method was developed to sample the sow’s oropharyngeal and tonsillar area without snaring and has shown comparable porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) RNA detection rates with tonsil scraping in infected sows. This study investigated the effect of specific TOSc collection factors on the PRRSV RT-rtPCR results (detection rates and Ct values). Those factors include whether the sow was snared or not snared at TOSc collection (“snared” vs. “not snared”); whether the sow was laying down or standing at collection (“laying down” vs. “standing”); and type of collectors used for TOSc collection (“TOSc prototype” vs. “Spiral-headed AI catheter (SHAC)”). Volume of fluid was compared between “snared” and “not snared” groups, and collection time was compared between “laying down” and “standing” groups as well. Results The effect for each factor was assessed in three independent studies following the same design: TOSc was collected twice from each studied sow, once with the baseline level for a factor (“not snared”, or “standing”, or “TOSc prototype”), and another time followed by the other level of the paired factor (“snared”, “laying down”, or “SHAC”, correspondingly). Results showed that “not snared” TOSc had numerically higher PRRSV RNA detection rate (60.7% vs. 52.5%, p = 0.11), significantly lower median Ct values (31.9 vs. 32.3, p

Dalbavancin, a semi-synthetic lipoglycopeptide with an extended half-life that allows for weekly dosing, is currently approved for the treatment of bacterial skin and soft tissue infections caused by susceptible gram-positive organisms. This case report discusses the successful treatment of septic arthritis with dalbavancin in a 38-year-old obese male. Septic arthritis, commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species, was diagnosed in this patient following a mechanical fall that led to worsening shoulder pain. Given the patient’s morbid obesity and concerns about antibiotic penetration, dalbavancin 1500 mg IV biweekly was chosen for its extended half-life and ease of administration. This case underscores dalbavancin’s efficacy in managing septic arthritis in obese patients, offering a convenient alternative to traditional therapies that require a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC line), frequent dosing, therapeutic monitoring, and prolonged hospital stays. Despite its higher cost, dalbavancin’s advantages include reduced need for PICC lines, additional staff and resources to monitor therapeutic drug levels, and fewer complications, which can offset some expenses. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case investigating the use of dalbavancin for enterococcal septic arthritis with a biweekly dosing regimen.

RESUMO Introdução: A Terapia por Pressão Negativa (TPN) é uma tecnologia eficaz no tratamento de feridas crônicas e complexas, como as de pacientes oncológicos. Essas feridas enfrentam dificuldades de cicatrização devido a fatores como imunossupressão, quimioterapia, radioterapia e desnutrição. Objetivo: Descrever o uso da TPN no manejo de uma ferida operatória abdominal de um paciente oncológico, em cuidados paliativos, destacando seu impacto na cicatrização e na qualidade de vida. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado em um hospital no sul do Brasil. O paciente, homem de 66 anos, apresentava ferida complexa decorrente de laparotomia e retirada de tumor. O sistema RENASYS foi utilizado em oito trocas de curativo ao longo de oito semanas, com pressões ajustadas conforme o estágio do tratamento. Resultados mostraram significativa regressão da ferida, com aceleração da formação de tecido de granulação, redução do risco de infecção e maior conforto. Na sexta troca, foi realizada aproximação por segunda intenção para acelerar a cicatrização. Resultados: A abordagem multiprofissional, incluindo suporte nutricional e fisioterapia, potencializou os resultados. A TPN demonstrou ser uma alternativa eficaz e custo-efetiva, mesmo em cuidados paliativos, contribuindo para redução de complicações e melhora da qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a TPN é uma ferramenta inovadora no manejo de feridas em pacientes oncológicos, aliando tecnologia e cuidado clínico. Estudos adicionais são recomendados para padronizar protocolos e expandir sua aplicação em contextos semelhantes.

El cambio climático ha generado alteraciones significativas en las condicionesclimáticas locales. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cuáles son los cambios que hatenido la intensidad de lluvia en la región centro del Estado de México. Para el desarrollo dela investigación, se identificó una zona con precipitación homogénea y se obtuvo informaciónde las estaciones meteorológicas presentes en el sitio. Los registros de lluvia en 24 horasde las estaciones meteorológicas fueron categorizados y con ellos se desarrolló un índice deprecipitación diaria; asimismo, se analizaron parámetros como evaporación diaria, temperaturamáxima diaria y temperatura mínima diaria. Los datos fueron agrupados por tiempo(décadas) y espacio (municipios). Con los datos temporales, se realizó un análisis de tendenciasmediante la prueba estadística de Mann-Kendall y se analizaron las correlaciones entre lasvariables atmosféricas. Con los datos espaciales, se llevó a cabo un análisis mediante el índiceI de Moran. Los resultados muestran que las precipitaciones ligeras, las precipitaciones moderadasy el promedio de evaporación diaria muestran una tendencia significativa a la baja;asimismo, el promedio de temperatura máxima diaria muestra una tendencia significativa alalza; en cuanto al análisis espacial, la evaporación diaria fue la única variable que presentóevidencia significativa de autocorrelación espacial positiva. En conclusión, el promedio deprecipitación diaria en la región centro del Estado de México ha sido similar en las últimasdécadas; sin embargo, se están presentando cambios significativos en su intensidad.

IntroductionEffective disease management strategies are essential for achieving optimal pig performance, ensuring high-quality animal health and welfare, and maintaining the economic viability of swine systems. Thus, understanding factors that lead to more or less severe disease are critically important. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) are endemic pathogens in the U.S., affecting herds with varying degrees of subclinical and clinical disease and impact on performance. While these are common pathogens, their interaction with PRRSV and performance has seldom been investigated. This study investigated the detection dynamics of L. intracellularis, PRRSV, and PCV2, and their association with productivity impacts in wean-to-finish groups within a Midwest U.S. production system.MethodologyThis observational field study involved batches of growing pigs from PRRSV-stable or PRRSV-negative sow farms. Oral fluids were collected longitudinally from weaning until market age, and tested using quantitative PCR for each of the aforementioned pathogens. The study included 36 batches with a total of 46,446 growing pigs, resulting in 4,000 oral fluid samples. Then, batches were categorized based on key performance indicators (mortality and average daily gain), PRRSV detection timing and total genomic copies of each pathogen.ResultsNineteen groups were characterized as high-performance and seventeen as low-performance. Mortality ranged from 5 to 9% in high-performance groups and 10.3–20.9% in low-performance groups. Average daily gain ranged from 0.68–0.86 kg in high-performance groups and 0.63–0.81 kg in low-performance groups. L. intracellularis and PCV2 were detected in most groups, with significant differences in detection rates between high and low-performance groups. Groups with relatively high genomic copies of PCV2 and L. intracellularis that had PRRSV detection presented higher mortality rates (15.75%).DiscussionThis study expanded our understanding of PRRSV, PCV2, and L. intracellularis co-detections and their impact on swine populations.

Este trabalho trata do vazamento de dados no treinamento de modelos de Reconhecimento de Entidades Nomeadas (NER) em textos legislativos em português brasileiro, resultante de duplicatas e anotações inconsistentes, o que compromete a avaliação dos modelos. Após corrigir esse vazamento no corpus UlyssesNER-Br, foi realizado um novo benchmark, comparando os resultados com estudos anteriores em um cenário mais confiável. Também foi reavaliada uma abordagem semissupervisionada utilizando autoaprendizado e amostragem ativa. No entanto, ao reutilizar um threshold fixo, escolhido a partir de uma nuvem de valores antes da correção, os resultados foram insatisfatórios. Isso indica que um threshold dinâmico, que se adapte às características dos dados pós-correção, poderá proporcionar uma avaliação mais eficiente e precisa, indicando a necessidade de futuros estudos sobre a escolha de thresholds.

Introdução: O aumento da população idosa no Brasil mostra que os cuidados de saúde em instituições de longa permanência são essenciais. A dermatite atópica (DA) é um problema global que requer tratamentos e diagnósticos melhores. A fotobiomodulação como um método promissor de tratamento da DA em idosos, é uma tecnologia potencial para tratar lesões desta causa. Objetivo: Apresentar os resultados obtidos no tratamento com fotobiomodulação em lesão de pele em um paciente portador de lesões do tipo DA. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório de relato de experiência sobre o uso de fotobiomodulação para cicatrização de DA, em uma mulher, 69 anos, residente de uma instituição de longa permanência. Inicialmente utilizou-se o tratamento convencional da DA, creme hidratante e creme de barreira. Posteriormente, utilizou-se um protocolo híbrido de fotobiomodulação, com aplicações semanais (10 pontos de Infravermelho no contorno da ferida com uma energia de 2J, e, 15 pontos de Vermelho no leito da ferida com uma energia de 2J). Resultados: A reparação tecidual apresentou ótima cicatrização com o tratamento, após 15 dias, ou seja, 2 sessões. Sem apresentar prejuízo da área adjacente à lesão e eventos adversos locais ou sistêmicos durante o período de estudo. Os resultados permitem constatar que a fotobiomodulação em lesões do tipo DA contribuiu para acelerar a cicatrização, melhorou a evolução da lesão e o resultado estético no caso estudado. Conclusão: É possível inferir que a fotobiomodulação pode ser indicada como recurso importante para potencializar os processos biológicos envolvidos com a recuperação de lesões tipo DA.

A osteoartrose é um distúrbio crônico, deteriorando a cartilagem articular e estruturas periarticulares, sendo uma grande causa de dor articular nos felinos senis. Gatos frequentemente desenvolvem artroses devido ao envelhecimento, obesidade e sedentarismo, fatores comuns em cativeiro. Assim, pode-se considerar que artroses em felinos selvagens são desencadeadas pelos mesmos fatores, considerando a fisiologia do gato doméstico (Felis catus) como similar aos demais membros da família Felidae. Este trabalho objetivou relatar um caso de osteoartrose lombossacra em uma leoa (Panthera leo). O animal de 20 anos de idade, do Parque Ecológico de Americana – SP, apresentava sinais de apatia e hiporexia, sendo encaminhado para o Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Americana (FAM), onde foram realizados exames de check-up. Não havia alterações em hemograma, enquanto no bioquímico foram observados leve hipoalbuminemia e grande aumento de amilase. Na ultrassonografia, rins apresentaram contornos sutilmente irregulares. Na endoscopia, havia hiperemia em vias respiratórias e nódulos polipoides em nasofaringe. Na laringe, foram observadas úlceras bilaterais em região subglótica e, em brônquios, malácia e fratura de anéis brônquicos. Na radiografia, foram vistos processos de mineralização das articulações esternocondrais e luxação xifoide. Na coluna vertebral, havia presença de entesófitos em vértebras, pontes anquilosantes, opacificação de forame intervertebral, perda de definição de facetas articulares, remodelamento de corpos vertebrais e estruturas puntiformes de radiopacidade mineral sobrepondo processos espinhosos. Conclui-se, portanto, que pela proximidade genética e evolutiva, deve-se atentar aos sinais de artrose em felinos selvagens, pois assim como ocorre em felinos domésticos, os fatores predisponentes comumente presentes em ambiente cativo, juntamente com a idade avançada, podem desencadear a osteoartrose.

This article presents a teleological perspective on spousal love, exploring Wojtyła’s thoughts on sponsality as the divine plan for human love. The investigation is important because spousal love is presented in the Bible and in Christian mysticism as an analogy for God’s love and for the eschatological mystery. It is also necessary considering the social impact of family experiences on issues such as mental health, parenthood, criminality, and antisocial behavior. This bibliographical research is based on Wojtyła’s Love and Responsibility and The Catecheses on Human Love in the Divine Plan. It is divided into four sections: the human person as a relational being, biblical texts about spousal love, Wojtyła’s teaching on this category, and the teleological aspects observed in this teaching. Our findings indicate that for Wojtyła, spousal love is the teleological reality of the human person, supported by three main aspects. (1) According to Wojtyła’s personalistic thought, God must be understandable when inviting a person to a definitive relationship. The Bible uses spousal relationship to indicate God’s definitive alliance. (2) Wojtyła understands spousal love as the original sacrament of trinitarian relation. He states that the human person is the image and likeness of God because it was created as man and woman. (3) Spousal love is a total gift of self that leads the person to blessedness and fulfillment. It is the only way to imitate Christ in his kenosis.

Dentro del aún emergente campo de la historia del libro, y sobre todo en el periodo colonial en Colombia, Comerciantes, censores y bibliotecas. Circulación del libro entre España y Nueva Granada en el siglo XVIII es un aporte valioso. Esto radica en el uso sistemático de una fuente que ha sido utilizada de manera extendida por historiadores del mismo periodo para el ámbito de Nueva España y del Perú, a saber, los registros de navíos, a partir de los cuales se hace un análisis de los cajones que llevaban libros desde España hacia diversas zonas de la América española en el siglo xviii. Lo que han mostrado estos estudios para la Nueva España es que, durante este periodo, una gran cantidad de bienes comerciales llegaron a sus territorios, entre estos una significativa cantidad de libros, lo que indica que además de convertirse en una mercancía rentable para los comerciantes de un lado y otro de la Carrera de Indias, también fueron un importante vehículo para la circulación de ideas, sobre todo desde el continente europeo hacia los territorios ultramarinos españoles.

A psicologia educacional está em constante transformação. Hoje, a educação é confrontada com a tecnologia e seu poder de crença. Vygotsky apresenta a dialética enquanto dinâmica social da realidade que precede conceitos e a palavra escrita, culminando posteriormente na construção da linguagem, fundamento humano por excelência.

Chromosomal fragile sites (CFSs) are loci or regions susceptible to spontaneous or induced occurrence of breaks and rearrangements. They are classified in two main categories, rare and common, depending on their frequency in the population. In order to identify which CFSs are influential or significant in the occurrence of deletions and duplications (chromosomal constitutional imbalances), we propose a logistic regression analysis for the CFS data set, since the underlying response variable is categorical, specifically binary (deletion or duplication). Some results are presented here as an informative preliminary contribution to understand the frailty of these CFS in increasing/decreasing of the deletion odds. This study has implications for our comprehension of human pathogenesis.

Uma matemática escolar que tem, em suas bases, a racionalidade moderna com seus propósitos e princípios: liberdade, igualdade e fraternidade, que, desde a Revolução Francesa, produz e faz produzir um mundo. Que matemática? Que formação docente? Uma problematização se dá a partir de uma experimentação entre formação docente e BNCC. Um docente de matemática da escola básico, ocupado com seu próprio enegrecer e com o enegrecer de sua sala de aula, oferece experimentação que dá a ver discussões étnico-raciais em meio a leitura de dados estatísticos. Que matemática para uma liberdade? Que matemática para igualdade? Que matemática para uma fraternidade? Uma torção na trilogia das cores da Revolução Francesa vai se insinuando: como uma matemática opera produzindo torções nos valores da racionalidade moderna e do Iluminismo, torcendo liberdade, igualdade e fraternidade? Uma formação docente em matemática se encontra com uma experimentação que torce e faz torcer sua igualdade branca, que torce e faz torcer sua liberdade azul, que torce e faz torcer sua fraternidade vermelha: quanto de cores suporta uma igualdade? Quanto de cores é capaz de fazer compor uma tal racionalidade moderna e ocidental e europeia?

High-performance alloys such as super duplex stainless steels (SDSS) are of interest to the oil and gas industry, especially in deep and ultra-deep reservoirs where high pressures and highly corrosive environments are prevalent. SDSS have high nitrogen contents and pitting resistant equivalent number (PREN) values greater than 40, however, fusion welds of these alloys can exhibit unsuitable microstructures and defects that may result in failure during usage. Solid-state linear friction welding (LFW) offers an alternative for the effective joining of SDSS with a less detrimental effect on microstructure and properties. In this work, four LFW joints in UNS S32760 SDSS were produced and investigated by evaluating the process parameters required to achieve a high-quality joint with the desirable metallurgical, mechanical, and localized corrosion properties. These properties were assessed through metallography (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), tensile and microhardness tests, and corrosion analysis according to the ASTM G48A standard. Results indicated that one specific combination of LFW parameters led to a defect-free joint, and that the mechanical properties of the weld in this case were comparable to those of the base material. Additionally, an adequate balance between ferrite and austenite phases was achieved throughout the microstructural gradients seen in the weld region. Microhardness values were below 350 HV, thus complying with the DNV–OS–F101 standard. Furthermore, no pitting corrosion was observed in this joint under the testing conditions suggested by ASTM G48A.

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the main diseases that affect the bean crop. The use of semisynthetic compounds for controlling anthracnose aims at providing a higher balance to the ecosystem and a lower environmental impact. Based on this context, the objective of this work was: a) to carry out the prospection of compounds such as Phenyl S Citral, Phenyl Se Citronellal, and Citral at concentrations of 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625, 0.0312, 0.0156, 0.0078, and 0.0039%, which were modified from the essential oil of citronella and lemongrass, for controlling C. lindemuthianum; b) to evaluate the initial performance of seedlings and treat the incidence of C. lindemuthianum in bean seeds with Phenyl S Citral and Phenyl Se Citronellal at concentrations of 0.125 and 0.0625%. Phenyl Se Citronellal at 0.5% controlled 100% of mycelial growth and Phenyl S Citral at 0.5 and 1% controlled more than 50% of mycelial growth of C. lindemuthianum. The treatment with Phenyl S Citral and Phenyl Se Citronellal did not affect the physiological quality of bean seeds while increasing seedling development when using the 0.0625% concentration of Phenyl Se Citronellal. Treatment with Phenyl Se Citronellal at both concentrations decreased the incidence of C. lindemuthianum infection.

Chicken nuggets with jack bean tempeh flour substitution are a type of perishable food, thus having a short shelf life. The shelf life of chicken nuggets with jack bean tempeh flour substitution and its quality were affected by the storage conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of packaging type and storage time during 20 days of cold storage on the quality characteristics of chicken nuggets with jack bean tempeh flour substitution. The research design consisted of two factors, the first factor was packaging type (nylon/polyethylene (PE), nylon-polyethylene (PE)/polyamide (PA), and polyethylene (PE)/polyamide (PA)) and the second factor was storage time (0 day, 5 days, 10 days, 15 days, and 20 days). The results showed that the packaging type and storage time significantly affected the quality characteristics of chicken nuggets with jack bean tempeh flour substitution. In conclusion, PE/PA was more effective in maintaining the quality characteristic of chicken nuggets with jack bean tempeh flour substitution on the 20th day of storage based on pH of 6.43, cooking loss of 9.85%, moisture content of 39.46%, protein content of 24.51%, and TPC of 5.36 log cfu/g. Meanwhile, the result of the sensory evaluation showed that scores for attributes were color 3.63, taste 3.5, texture 3.29, and overall 3.53 (like slightly) on the 20th day of storage.

Background. This study explored the layperson’s perception of comfort, satisfaction, and willingness to use various accessories in clear aligner therapy. Methods. A total of 267 people analyzed standardized intraoral photographs of a female model in orthodontic treatment using: 1) only clear aligner (CA), the control group; 2) clear aligner+attachments (AT); 3) clear aligners+Cl II elastics (EL); 4) clear aligner+hybrid treatment with esthetic braces (HEB); 5) Clear aligner+hybrid treatment with metallic braces (HMB); 6) clear aligner+mini-implants (MI); 7) clear aligner+mini-implants and elastics for intrusion (MIE). In addition, a social media questionnaire was distributed to assess the willingness to undergo orthodontic treatment with various accessories. Results. There was a significant difference between CA and all the other groups (P

A vulnerabilidade social é uma situação enfrentada por grande parte da população brasileira, com destaque para as mulheres, portanto, são necessárias ações que contribuam para superação desse cenário, a exemplo de cursos de capacitação. Nesse contexto, em 2023, foi executado, no Campus Cametá do IFPA, o projeto “Capacitação de mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade social como estratégia de geração de renda e inclusão social”, que teve como objetivo a qualificação profissional de mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade. Assim, este artigo apresenta a experiência vivenciada no projeto. As capacitações ocorreram por meio de oficinas teórico-práticas que beneficiaram 82 mulheres, em boas práticas na manipulação de alimentos, produção de doces, geleias, sabão e sabonete, além de estratégias de comercialização, incentivando o empreendedorismo feminino. Além dos benefícios à comunidade, o projeto contribuiu à formação discente, estimulando o desenvolvimento profissional e de senso crítico.

RESUMO: Os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com pedagogos atuantes na educação básica em escolas estaduais, municipais e privadas do município de Curitiba e região metropolitana, por meio de um programa de formação continuada, levaram ao objetivo deste artigo que é reconhecer na história de vida de pedagogos escolares a construção de sua identidade profissional. O estudo, de enfoque fenomenológico hermenêutico (Ricoeur, 2013), analisou as histórias de vida de 16 pedagogos. Observou-se experiências e aprendizagens que, ao longo da trajetória, nos diferentes espaços de socialização, desde a educação básica, passando pela formação acadêmica e, principalmente, atuação profissional, contribuíram para a profissionalidade do pedagogo escolar (Libâneo, 2010; Nóvoa, 2019). Nos resultados, relatos indicam que referências familiares, vivências da infância, como brincadeiras relacionadas à escola, e o convívio com bons professores na educação básica foram importantes para a escolha da Pedagogia. Por sua vez, experiências com os colegas em diferentes contextos de atuação profissional exerceram influência no desenvolvimento de comportamentos, habilidades, atitudes e valores que definem maneiras de ser e estar na profissão. Evidencia-se que as aprendizagens no contexto familiar e profissional influenciaram na escolha da carreira e no modo como compreendem e exercem a função atualmente, ou seja, nos elementos que constituem a identidade profissional.

Editorial do dossiê n. 53 — Crítica genética: uma miríade disciplinar.

O presente relato de experiência comporta a descrição de uma prática de docência realizada no decorrer do Estágio Supervisionado em Língua Portuguesa, enquanto componente do curso de Licenciatura em Letras - Português e Inglês do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Campus Feliz. O estágio se sucedeu nessa mesma instituição de ensino, tendo se dado com uma turma de 3º ano do Ensino Médio. A práxis pedagógica foi pautada pela abordagem da temática da saúde psicofísica na adolescência, dando enfoque, especificamente, à influência do transtorno de ansiedade na realidade intra e interpessoal dos sujeitos. O desenvolvimento das aulas se sucedeu através de um planejamento crítico e reflexivo, organizado em diferentes blocos temáticos e articulado a um ensino da Língua Portuguesa através de diversos gêneros textuais. Os pressupostos teóricos norteadores do processo educativo advieram da BNCC (2018), de Freire (1996) e de Marcuschi (2005). A prática do fazer docente, fomentada pelo estágio, propiciou uma inserção na realidade do exercício pedagógico, favorecendo a apreensão das nuances que permeiam o elo professor, aluno e conhecimento. Nesse entremeio, entre desafios e possibilidades, o licenciando se (trans)forma.

Este texto trata do ecossistema de privacidade e proteção de dados brasileiro. Debate a necessidade de ponderação de direitos fundamentais por parte do Estado quando do emprego de tecnologia, notadamente algoritmos em que são empregadas técnicas de aprendizado de máquina, em vigilância para execução de políticas relacionadas à segurança pública. Por fim, analisa os riscos e desafios relacionadas ao uso de algoritmos de forma inclusiva e não discriminatória.

IntroductionAlthough occupational exposure to Coxiella burnetii has been studied previously, the zoonotic risk in wildlife environments remains unclear and has yet to be fully established.MethodsAccordingly, the present study aimed to serologically assess professionals with daily contact with free-living and captive wildlife in Paraná State, Brazil, along with the potential associated risk factors for C. burnetii exposure.ResultsOverall, 25 out of 309 (8.1%) wildlife professionals were seropositive, including 6/54 (11.1%) national and 7/125 (5.6%) state park employees, 6/92 (6.5%) zookeepers, and 6/38 (15.8%) animal service workers, with titers ranging from 32 to 128. No statistical association was found between seropositivity and associated risk factors, including the working location.DiscussionOur results differ from those of previous studies in Brazil, which found 8/893 (0.9%) indigenous, 1/18 (5.5%) police officers, and 44/200 (22.0%) former Black slaves to be seropositive. This study is the first serological investigation of C. burnetii among park rangers, zookeepers, and animal service workers in Brazil, showing no statistically significant risk factors for seropositivity. As the seroprevalence in this study was higher than that in previous surveys of healthy (asymptomatic) human populations, C. burnetii exposure may also be an occupational risk for wildlife professionals owing to their contact with the natural environment in Brazil.

Introduction Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) consist of fistulous connections of arteries and veins without intervening capillaries, organized as a mass with definable sides. AVMs are composed of enlarged feeding arteries, a nidus of dysmorphic vessels in relationship with the brain parenchyma, through which arteriovenous shunting occurs and draining veins. In a series of corticalised and deep avm’s the senior author conceptualised the nidus as composed of two or more compartments that can be separated completely after partial disconnection from corresponding feeding arteries and unessential drainage veins. This surgical strategy allowed a wider surgical corridor to the deeper AVM compartments, a faster resection and reduced blood loss. Material and Methods In this study we review 4 large and one giant AVM cases removed surgically using the technique of nidus compartmentalization. Clinical and imaging data included complete surgical videos, gender, age, clinical presentation, Spetzler-Martin and Lawton-Young grade, nidus size, modified Rankin Score (mRS) were collected. Surgical Nuances The surgical strategy was adapted to the location of the main feeders. when the main feeders were deep we preferred opening a narrow deep surgical corridor to interrupt them first and then enlarging it circumferentially from depth to surface. In this scenario, the main drainage vein has a trajectory that is not perpendicular to the nidus, folding many times in close contact with one or more faces of the nidus or even inside the nidus. In this case, the classical dissecting strategy by opening surgical corridors circumferentially around the AVM, can be hazardous as the main drainage vein can be injured, resulting in heavy haemorrhage from the remaining nidus which is attached to the vein. When the main feeders came from MCA branches a superficial to deep dissection of the nidus was followed. In order to facilitate the resection, after a partial dissection of the nidus was performed, this part of it, completely freed from feeders and drainage veins was separated from the rest of the AVM with a large clip. After coagulation and resection of the nidus compartment above the clip, the circumferential interruption of deep feeders continued beyond the clip, securing another compartment of the AVM. In only one case this manoeuvrer was repeated more than 3 times. In 3 cases the division of the nidus in two compartments was enough. In three of the cases, we encountered bleeding from the nidus, especially the part of the nidus disconnected from feeders. Applying a clip to compartmentalize the nidus in this situation controlled the bleeding and opened new corridors to advance the dissection. When bleeding was encountered from multiple sources, both in the compartment disconnected from feeders and in the not yet dissected compartment, clip disconnection of the compartments diminished the bleeding considerably and allowed us to focus on the bleeding from the perforators. In other two cases we applied this strategy of nidus separation by clips even if there was no bleeding as we gained more space to access the rest of the nidus once one compartment was completely disconnected. For the giant AVM, complete resection presumed resection in multiple steps as six nidus compartments were separated from the residual nidus and resected. Results Compartmentalization and staged disconnection of the nidus with large clips was performed in five cases. Three patients presented in the emergency care unit with ruptured AVMs and subsequent hematomas and two had only minor intraoperative bleeding. There were three and 2 females in the study. The mean (± SD) age of the patients was 40 years (± 14.6 years). On admission, three patients presented with altered mental status and hemiplegia and two patients with refractory epileptic seizures. Four patients underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) prior to surgery, while in one case only a computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed, since the patient was in a critical state and needed urgent surgery. Three AVMs were located in the left dominant hemisphere, (two in the temporal lobe and one at the parieto-occipital junction), one AVM was cited in the, fronto-parietal right hemisphere and one giant left hemispheric avm. The median (range) size of the nidus was 4 cm (3-6 cm). Two AVMs were classified as Spetzler-Martin and Lawton-Young Supplemented grade VIII, one grade X and two as grade V. Total resection of AVM was achieved in all cases as confirmed by postoperative CT cerebral angiography (Fig 3). Immediate postoperative CTA or DSA and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were performed in selected cases, also confirming total removal of the AVM. For ruptured AVMs, resection and hematoma evacuation was performed in less than 12 hours after the onset of symptoms. There were no signs of cerebral infarction attributable to the staged temporary clipping of AVM’s compartments shown on postoperative CT scans and due to the lack of symptoms indicating ischemia, there was no need for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) or perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) MRI sequences. There was no mortality in this case series. A modified Rankin’s scale was used to assess the outcome at six months, with a score ranging from 0 to 2 points, all patients were free of seizures and neurological deficits, fully socially reintegrated and returned to their previous jobs one year after surgery. Discussion Once a high-flow AVM has ruptured and subsequent hematoma progresses, brain’s protection mechanisms, such as local vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure are failing as the volume of the hematoma increases and cerebral oedema takes over. Therefore, is expressed the need for a faster removal of the AVM, regardless of the bleeding’s mechanism: the rupture of the AVM with massive hematoma or intraoperative bleeding, especially from the perforating arteries which are more difficult to control. We propose in this paper a surgical reorganization of AVM’s with separated compartments that are disconnected step by step from the lesion, in a decrescendo or crescendo way. Depending on the location of the main feeders, superficial or deep, this approach involves working circumferentially and spiralling deep from the surface or in the second scenario attacking deep feeders first, after creating a corridor in one of the AVM’s walls, then coming toward the surface. For this staged disconnection and resection of each one of the “feeding compartments” is used a clip-by-clip technique, occluding the arterial input and even secondary drainage veins. After the flow arrest, vessels are more susceptible to be coagulated and cut (Fig 5). In many cases, a unique apparency of the nidus, with numerous loops all over its surface, possibly in close contact with the brain parenchyma can compromise the dissection, hence we recommend less coagulation on the surface of the nidus, to maintain the intranidal draining system. Once bleeding from the nidus occurs, it is important to avoid enlarging the surgical corridor and opening of new bleeding fronts, until active feeders are identified and controlled. Concrete identification and anatomical description of each AVM compartment, followed by stepwise disconnection as a whole entity, decreases the intranidal pressure with a better bleeding-control and easier mobilization of the remnant lesion and ensures a faster resection in case of emergency. Our study is limited by the small sample size, the emergency circumstances and the lack of intraoperative imaging techniques, such as intraoperative angiography in order to identify missing feeding arteries. Further understanding of the pathophysiology of brain AVM is a milestone for adapting microsurgical resection that suits better each one of these malformations, conceptualized as a box with multiple compartments. Conclusions Developing strategies in refining microsurgical resection is a continuous target in AVMs approach. In emergency cases, with rupture and consequent hematoma, quick resection is mandatory. In order to achieve that, remodelling of the nidus and segmentation, with gradual clip application and separate disconnection is a safe solution with a good outcome.

In the era of rapid technological advancement, companies need to devise the right strategies and enhance innovation to attract consumers and excel in the dynamic market competition. This study aims to investigate the influence of product quality on purchasing decisions, examine the impact of brand trust on purchasing decisions, and explore the effect of social media marketing on purchasing decisions. The study employs a quantitative approach. The population consists of Wardah lipstick consumers in Surabaya City, and a sample of 120 respondents is drawn. Purposive sampling is utilized as the sampling technique. Data collection is conducted using questionnaires, and a Likert scale is employed to measure the variables in the study. The analysis technique used is partial least squares (PLS) analysis with the aid of SmartPLS software. The findings of the study reveal that product quality and brand trust significantly influence purchasing decisions. However, social media marketing does not significantly impact purchasing decisions. Keywords: Product Quality; Brand Trust; Social Media Marketing; Purchasing Decisions

Renewable energy sources are worthy of being utilized and developed in Indonesia. Renewable energy has great potential considering Indonesia's geographic location. By utilizing solar panels, solar energy can be converted into electrical energy. Solar energy into electrical energy is still not optimally utilized. One of the methods used to optimize the use of solar energy into electrical energy through solar panels is a solar tracker system and real-time remote monitoring based on the Internet of Things. With a solar tracker system and remote monitoring, the solar energy absorbed by the solar panels which is then converted into electrical energy will be greater. The design of this solar tracker and remote monitoring system, to be able to work optimally and be able to find out how optimal the use of the solar tracker is regarding the amount of power produced by the solar panels and being able to monitor environmental conditions including temperature, humidity, light intensity, air conditions and being able to find out how much influence these parameters have on the amount of power produced. The results of the research that has been carried out can be concluded that the power produced by solar panels with a solar tracker is an average of 21.61W. Light intensity is a parameter that influences the three other parameters on the amount of power produced by solar panels. The use of a solar tracker on a solar panel significantly impacts the amount of power produced by the solar panel.

The sugarcane production is vital for the economy of the Triângulo Mineiro region, in Brazil. However, its is likely to be affected by climate change, due to the increase of gases in the atmosphere. This study aimed to classify the climate suitability of sugarcane for the region, considering the current and future climate change scenarios. Historical series of rainfall and air temperature from 1981 to 2021 were employed, and each location was classified as suitable, restricted or unsuitable, according to the average temperature and annual water deficit. The RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5 scenarios were considered to analyze the projections for the end of the 21st century (2081-2100). The region presents an average temperature of 23.2 ºC (±1.36 ºC) and annual water deficit of 189 mm (±77.54 mm). Currently, 85 % of the area is considered as suitable. The Ituiutaba microregion, located in the west, shows a pronounced water deficit, which restricts the sugarcane cultivation. The results from the projections indicate a reduction in the suitability for sugarcane production in the tested scenarios, with the effects on the water regime being more pronounced than those on temperature. For example, the area classified as suitable would decrease to 44.35 and 9.87 %, respectively, in the RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5 scenarios.

The intermittency in photovoltaic systems (PV) can lead to power quality issues, especially in off-grid applications. In these cases, adding an energy storage element helps to cope with the intermittency to provide adequate power to the local load. In this scenario, combining Li-Ion batteries and supercapacitors as a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is powerful due to the battery's high energy density and the supercapacitor's high power density. The HESS demands adequate power management to operate adequately. This paper proposes an adaptive frequency-based power management for a Li-Ion battery and supercapacitor HESS applied to an off-grid PV converter. The main idea of this strategy is to guarantee a smoother current in the battery and reduce the power dissipation in the HESS. The smoother battery current transition helps avoid excessive battery stress and improves lifespan. The proposed strategy is compared with two other strategies. The results show that the proposed approach is more efficient in reducing the HESS' power dissipation and providing smooth current variations to the battery.

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a necessidade de o Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História (ProfHistória) rever a importância conferida a disciplinas relacionadas às Histórias e Culturas Indígenas, Afro-brasileiras e Africanas, desde o que preconizam a Lei n.º 11.645/2008 e outras. A partir de experiências realizadas no Núcleo ProfHistória da Universidade Federal do Amapá (Unifap), verifica-se a relevância das disciplinas Ensino (d)e História Indígena e História como diferença, ainda que sejam, atualmente, optativas. Essa última, especialmente, permite o conhecimento, o reconhecimento, a valorização, o respeito e a promoção do respeito à histórica diversidade étnico-cultural do Brasil. Assim, observando-se horizontes passados em relação ao ensino de História indígena, projetam-se perspectivas futuras a partir da rica produção do mestrado profissional. A pesquisa bibliográfica, de tipo qualitativo, abarcou a produção do ProfHistória – Unifap, desde a sua implantação no Amapá, em 2016, analisando quatro trabalhos significativos voltados ao estudo (e ensino-aprendizagem) das histórias e culturas indígenas.

Introduction: Alopecia areata incognita is a non-scarring autoimmune hair loss condition primarily affecting women aged 20 to 40. It is often misdiagnosed due to its resemblance to other conditions. Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, trichoscopic findings, and histological features. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) shows promise as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for alopecia areata incognita. Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore RCM’s diagnostic potential by investigating its association with trichoscopic and histopathological findings. Methods: We conducted a prospective study with 12 female patients affected by alopecia areata incognita. Patient data, trichoscopy, and RCM were used for diagnosis. Biopsies were taken based on trichoscopic and RCM criteria. Agreement between RCM, trichoscopy, and histopathology was assessed. Results: RCM showed substantial agreement with histopathology for fibrous tracts (92.9%). Other criteria, like infundibular ostia and inflammation, exhibited reasonable agreement (71.4% to 78.6%), with varying Kappa values. Miniaturized follicles had the lowest agreement (64.3%). Conclusion: This paper suggests that RCM holds promise as a diagnostic tool for alopecia areata incognita, offering advantages in non-invasiveness and real-time monitoring. It demonstrated substantial agreement with histopathology in identifying key features. While some discrepancies were noted, especially in detecting inflammatory infiltrates, further research may enhance RCM's sensitivity. The non-invasive nature of RCM could improve patient experiences and offer dynamic disease tracking for better treatment decisions. This technology's potential extends beyond alopecia areata incognita, presenting opportunities for more patient-friendly diagnostic procedures in trichology.

Introdução: Pacientes com HIV têm uma prevalência de osteopenia ou osteoporose densitométrica que varia de 28% a 50%, em comparação com os esperados 16% na população em geral. Tal ocorrência foi medida anteriormente e perdura até os dias de hoje. Foi constatado que esses pacientes apresentam alterações significativas nos marcadores bioquímicos da atividade metabólica óssea. Objetivo: Frente às alterações adversas encontradas na estrutura óssea em pacientes HIV+ e fazendo uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) relatados em vários sítios do corpo humano, comparar na linha do tempo, a continuidade da perda óssea até os dias de hoje. Método: Estudo transversal com orientação analítico-descritiva desenvolvido numa amostra de 120 indivíduos, dos gêneros masculino e feminino, entre 20 e 70 anos de idade, dos quais 60 com sorologia positiva para o HIV, e 60 com sorologia negativa. Foram digitalizadas as radiografias panorâmicas, e as imagens foram submetidas a mensurações lineares e angulares; posterior análise estatística. Revisão de literatura atual comparativa. Resultados: : O osso cortical apresentou diminuição da espessura na região antegoníaca e região do forame mentual, com diminuição significante em indivíduos HIV+ tratados com TARV, na região da profundidade antegoníaca, indo de acordo com estudos publicados e referendados. O estudo demonstrou a validade de medições em radiografias panorâmicas da espessura da cortical da mandíbula, especialmente em regiões como a do forame mentual e profundidade antegoníaca. Observou-se que há correlação positiva e significante entre as medidas da profundidade goníaca para os grupos HIV+ (1,41) e HIV- (1,38) com discrepância entre as medidas para o lado direito (0,09) e esquerdo (0,02) e entre as medidas do índice goníaco para os grupos HIV+ (1,52) e HIV- (1,47) com discrepância entre as medidas para o lado direito (0,01) e esquerdo (0,08). Conclusão: Ficou evidenciada a presença de reabsorção óssea mais acentuada na região da cortical mandibular nos indivíduos infectados pelo vírus HIV, em diversos estágios de aids, em tratamento com TARV do que em indivíduos sorologicamente negativos ao vírus passíveis de reabsorção fisiológica. Na linha do tempo resultados confirmatórios de reabsorção óssea em pacientes utilizando TARV comparativamente se mantêm até os dias atuais.

O presente trabalho buscou analisar e responder a seguinte controvérsia: a permanência do atual modelo de serviço militar obrigatório adotado pelo Brasil conflita ou não com os direitos fundamentais? Ademais, objetivou-se entender os fundamentos históricos e jurídicos que mantém a utilização desse modelo pelo Estado brasileiro e quais são as razões que tendem a torná-lo gradativamente em desuso. Além disso, foi analisado o próprio conceito de direito fundamental, na intenção de compreender melhor o instituto e evidenciar a razão pela qual a adoção de um sistema de sujeição estatal militar pode não se coadunar com a efetivação de direitos basilares e de ideais democráticos, trazidos pelo constituinte originário. Dado o exposto, o trabalho adotou de forma prioritária a vertente jurídico-dogmática de pesquisa, desenvolvendo-se através de revisão bibliográfica, as quais consistiram na análise de textos acadêmicos, legislações, jurisprudência, posicionamentos doutrinários, além de obras das ciências sociais e humanas, revisão essa que possibilitou, através de um exercício analítico, responder a controvérsia trazida pelo trabalho.

The present study aimed to compare the quality of life on pre-diagnosis and post-recovery of people diagnosed with COVID-19 and examine the impact of its signals, symptoms, and clinical outcomes on quality of life in adults and older adults, considering sex, age groups, nutritional status, physical activity level, and family income as confounding variables. This retrospective observational study included 509 participants (39% male) ≥18 years old from a city in the northeastern region of São Paulo, Brazil, diagnosed with COVID-19 between March/2020 and February/2021. Participants were telephonically interviewed to provide information about COVID-19 infection, quality of life, and physical activity, considering the week pre-diagnosis and the week prior to the interview (post-recovery). Quality of life decreased in the post-COVID-19 recovery period compared to pre-diagnosis periods (Med = 5.6; Med = 3.4, respectively; Z = -19,589; p < 0.001). After controlling comparisons for age, sex, nutritional status, physical activity level, and family income, it was observed that the infection increased the frequency of respiratory distress (F = 3,956; [df = 1]; p = 0.047) and length of hospitalisation (≥ 6 days) (F = 6,538; [df = 1]; p = 0.011). COVID-19 infection induced worse respiratory distress and length of hospitalisation, compromising the survivors’ quality of life.

RESUMO: Este artigo de revisão tem como escopo inventariar e analisar artigos científicos brasileiros sobre a alfabetização de pessoas cegas. Para tanto, foi realizada busca sistemática, por assunto, no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. Obteve-se, como corpus para análise, apenas 7 artigos científicos nacionais, publicados entre 2007 e 2022, em periódicos diferentes, sem a identificação de padrões a respeito de sua inserção, frequência e difusão bibliográficas, dos quais apenas 3 estão indexados na base Scielo. Os artigos, em suma, evidenciam a relevância do braille para aprendizagem inicial da leitura e escrita dos aprendizes cegos, mas, em termos amostrais, mobilizam dados limitados e reduzidos, sobretudo porque gerados com número pouco representativo de participantes cegos. O espaço-tempo da classe comum inclusiva ficou ausente da produção periódica localizada, que abordou, principalmente, instituições ou contextos especializados. Além disso, os cenários de pesquisa e a procedência institucional dos autores são concentrados no eixo Sudeste-Sul brasileiro, bem como persistem insuficiências teórico-metodológicas na comunicação científica das pesquisas. Por isso, recomendam-se novos e amplos estudos, que explorem as interfaces entre alfabetização e cegueira no Brasil, com a difusão de seus resultados em periódicos científicos.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be a global challenge for swine health. Yim-Im et al. 2023 provides a standard genetic nomenclature, extending previously published works to better characterize PRRSV-2 ORF5-based genetic lineages on a global scale. To facilitate the use of this nomenclature, scaffold sequences, including historical and contemporary vaccines, were synthesized into a dataset designed for Nextclade v3.0. Metadata from the scaffold sequences representing year, country, and RFLP typing of the sequence were incorporated into the dataset. These scaffold sequences were processed through the Augur pipeline using DQ478308.1 as a reference strain for rooting and comparison. The resultant classifier can be accessed through the Nextclade website (https://clades.nextstrain.org/) or a link on the PRRSView homepage (https://prrsv.vdl.iastate.edu/). The resultant classifier functions the same as other classifiers hosted by the Nextclade core group and can provide phylogenetic-based PRRSV-2 ORF5 classifications on demand. Nextclade provides additional sequence metrics such as classification quality and notable mutations relative to the reference. The submitted sequences are grafted to the reference tree using phylogenetic placement, allowing for comparison to nearby sequences of reference viruses and vaccine strains. Additional comparisons between sequences can be made with metadata incorporated in the dataset. Although Nextclade is hosted as a webtool, the sequences are not uploaded to a server, and all analysis stay strictly confidential to the user. This work provides a standardized, trivial workflow facilitated by Nextclade to rapidly assign lineage classifications to PRRSV-2, identify mutations of interest, and compare contemporary strains to relevant vaccines.

Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui potensi resiko dalam pengambilan keputusan di dunia pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode literatur review. Pengambilan keputusan adalah proses krusial dalam manajemen pendidikan yang memerlukan pemikiran sistematis dan analitis untuk menyelesaikan masalah dan mencapai tujuan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan bahwa terdapat proses pengambilan keputusan seperti pendekatan sistematis terhadap pengambilan keputusan melibatkan pengumpulan fakta-fakta, data, dan alternatif yang matang, diikuti dengan tindakan yang dianggap paling tepat berdasarkan evaluasi yang cermat. Tahapan dalam pengambilan kebijakan meliputi memastikan tujuan spesifik, mengidentifikasi masalah, mengembangkan alternatif, mengevaluasi alternatif, memilih alternatif terbaik, melaksanakan keputusan, dan melakukan pengendalian serta evaluasi. Dan identifikasi risiko sebagai panduan dalam pengambilan keputusan serta analisis risiko menjadi landasan penting bagi seorang pemimpin dalam pengambilan keputusan yang efektif. Dengan mengidentifikasi potensi risiko yang terkait dengan setiap pilihan yang tersedia, seorang pemimpin dapat mengevaluasi dampak dan probabilitas terjadinya masing-masing risiko. Keberhasilan suatu lembaga pendidikan sangat bergantung pada tingginya mutu keputusan yang diambil oleh para manajer yang memimpin. Dengan kata lain dapat dikatakan bahwa di dalam lembaga yang berkualitas maka keputusan-keputusan yang diambil pun adalah keputusan yang berkualitas, apakah dilihat dari proses ataupun hasil dari keputusan tersebut, maka dari itu kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin harus memahami teori dan praktik pengambilan keputusan karena hal tersebut menjadi unsur kunci dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Dalam menjalankan peran kepemimpinannya, kepala sekolah harus dapat mengambil berbagai keputusan yang mendukung kemajuan sekolah.

Introducción. La violencia sexual contra los adolescentes es un problema global que afecta a jóvenes de todo el mundo. El modelo ecológico examina sus formas y factores determinantes a través de niveles interconectados. Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia, las características y los predictores de la violencia sexual contra adolescentes escolarizados en Perú. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal en el cual se analizaron de manera secundaria los datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Relaciones Sociales (2019). Una muestra probabilística estratificada incluyó a 1.579 jóvenes de 12 a 17 años de 93 escuelas. Con el cuestionario se evaluó la violencia sexual en la familia y en la escuela. Se estimaron modelos mediante análisis de regresión logística, calculando la razón de momios (odds ratio, OR). Resultados. El 18,68 % (IC95%: 16,80-20,60) sufrió algún tipo de agresión sexual. Además, el 9,75 % (IC95%: 8,28-11,21) informó haber sido tocado en alguna parte del cuerpo y el 1,84 % (IC95%: 1,17-2,50) informó que fue víctima de violación. La edad se identificó como factor de riesgo en el microsistema (OR=1,48) (IC95%: 1,26-1,74), mientras que la edad de la primera violencia sexual actuó como factor protector (OR=0,61) (IC95%: 0,54-0,69). Además, en el macrosistema, la percepción de que la violencia ocurre principalmente fuera del hogar incrementó el riesgo (OR=2,06) (IC95%: 1,01-4,19). Conclusión. Aproximadamente, dos de cada diez encuestados informaron haber experimentado algún tipo de violencia sexual, siendo el acoso verbal y el contacto personal invasivo los más comunes. Ningún nivel del modelo ecológico o factor único puede explicar completamente la violencia sexual contra los adolescentes sin considerar su interconexión ecológica.

Abstract We investigated the bioavailability of the calcium salt (HMB-Ca) and the free acid (HMB-FA) forms of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Sixteen young individuals received the following treatments on three different occasions in a counterbalanced crossover fashion: (1) HMB-FA in clear capsules; (2) HMB-Ca in gelatine capsules; (3) HMB-Ca dissolved in water. All treatments provided 1 g of HMB. Blood samples were taken before and on multiple time points following ingestion. The following parameters were calculated: peak plasma (Cmax), time to peak (Tmax), slope of HMB appearance in blood, area under the curve (AUC), half-life time (t 1/2 ) and relative bioavailability (HMB-Ca in water set as reference). All treatments led to rapid and large increases in plasma HMB. HMB-Ca in capsules and in water showed similar plasma HMB values across time (p = 0.438). HMB-FA resulted in lower concentrations vs. the other treatments (both p

Abstract Background Integrating innovative, simulation-based training programs into medical curricula frequently encounters familiar challenges, including scepticism, limited faculty time, and financial constraints. Recognized for its success in business projects, the Harvard Project Management Theory emerges as a promising approach to optimizing the implementation process and achieving sustainable success. This study endeavours to elucidate the application of project management theory in our implementation process and assess its impact on the clinical preparedness of novice residents. Methods The research utilized a structured four-phase implementation strategy—Planning, Build-up, Execution, and Closing—to develop a simulation-based education curriculum. Incorporating project management tools like project charters and risk management tools played a crucial role in facilitating the effective implementation of standardized processes and improved clinical outcomes. Essential components of this innovative management approach encompass stakeholder engagement, milestone definition, and the alignment of institutional policies and processes. Results A collective of 395 residents actively engaged in eight monthly simulation-based events, reflecting an average participation rate of 39 residents per lecture (± 19). A noteworthy enhancement was observed in the average rating for knowledge gain, with a significant improvement from 5.9/10 to 8.8/10 (p = 0.0001). Participants highlighted the program’s considerable impact on future clinical practice (4.7/5) and teamwork (4.8/5) as particularly valuable aspects. The introduction of a novel organizational structure received favourable feedback from faculty members, with a notable rating of 4.8/5 for predictive time planning. Qualitative insights from the evaluation highlighted the significance of targeted incentive schemes in optimizing the implementation process. Conclusion This project underscores the constructive influence of project management principles in designing simulation-based curricula, explicitly focusing on stakeholder engagement, faculty motivation, and data utilization. Adopting the Harvard Project Management Approach emerges as a catalyst for heightened success in curriculum design, contributing to enhanced emergency preparedness among novice residents. The positive outcomes observed in this study provide valuable insights for future implementations, offering a foundation for refining and optimizing medical education programs to meet the evolving needs of learners and stakeholders alike.

This work presents an approach based on signal processing and artificial intelligence (AI) to identify the pre-insertion resistor (PIR) and main contact instants during the operation of high-voltage SF6 circuit breakers to help improve the settings of controlled switching and attenuate transients. For this, the current and voltage signals of a real Brazilian substation are used as AI inputs, considering the noise and interferences common in this type of environment. Thus, the proposed modeling considers the signal preprocessing steps for feature extraction, the generation of the dataset for model training, the use of different machine learning techniques to automatically find the desired points, and, finally, the identification of the best moments for controlled switching of the circuit breakers. As a result, the models evaluated obtained good performance in the identification of operation points above 93%, considering precision and accuracy. In addition, valuable statistical notes related to the controlled switching condition are obtained from the circuit breakers evaluated in this research.

Regenerative agriculture aims to improve soil quality and restore soil biodiversity, re-establishing natural systems in agricultural areas. Among some strategies, it is important to reduce the use of chemical pesticides that affect the productive capacity of the soil and cause problems to the environment. Based on this necessity, we present a strategy of producing a single product with bioinsecticidal and biofungicidal effects by submerged co-cultivations and paired cultivations of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Trichoderma harzianum using different concentrations of glucose, sucrose, hydrolyzed animal protein (HAP), soybean meal hydrolysate plus organic phosphorus (SMH), and hydrolyzed feathers (HF) as renewable nutrients. The single cultivations and double and triple co-cultivations were carried out for 7 days at 28 °C in orbital agitation at 120 rpm. Most of the highest values of conidia were obtained in the treatments at the central point, in which (g L−1) glucose (20), sucrose (10), HAP (7.5), SMH (2.5), and HF (2.5) were used. The fermented broths were applied to the backs of adult bugs (Euschistus heros), which mostly provided 66–88% mortality. Beauveria bassiana + Metarhizium anisopliae showed approximately 70% inhibition against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Macrophomina phaseolina. As a way forward, this product demonstrated integrated bioactivities as insecticide and fungicide and can be optimized to substitute chemical pesticides that have negative impacts on the environment.

Population-based sampling has improved pathogen monitoring in the US swine industry by increasing sensitivity while reducing costs. Postmortem tongue fluids (TF) have emerged as a practical option for monitoring porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in breeding herds, but limited data exist on optimal storage conditions. This study evaluated PRRSV RNA detection via RT-qPCR in TF samples under various storage times, temperatures, and viral loads. Additionally, the porcine endogenous reference gene (internal sample control, ISC) was assessed for monitoring sample quality. Three studies were conducted: Study 1 compared fresh TF samples to freeze–thaw TF samples, with significantly lower cycle threshold (Ct) values in fresh samples. Studies 2 and 3 evaluated PRRSV RNA stability across six time points (0 to 336 h) and four temperatures (−20 °C, 4 °C, 22 °C, and 34 °C). At 4 °C, Ct value variation was minimal (≤1.1) over 14 days (336 h), with no significant changes within 48 h. In contrast, storage at 22 °C and 34 °C resulted in increased Ct values. The ISC RNA showed similar stability patterns, maintaining quality at 4 °C but degrading at higher temperatures. In conclusion, storing TF at ≤4 °C for up to 14 days for PRRSV and ISC RNA detection is the best scenario, ensuring optimal diagnostic quality.

Coffee genetic improvement programs have been evolving very quickly, with frequent launches of new cultivars. The adoption of these new genetic materials by rural producers requires knowledge of agronomic performance in different production systems. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of irrigated and rainfed Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars in the Cerrado Mineiro region. Evaluations were conducted in experimental fields across 22 farms of Arabica coffee producers, and 11 used an irrigated production system and 11 used a rainfed system. Twelve cultivars were evaluated as follows: Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144, Bourbon Amarelo IAC J10, Topázio MG 1190, MGS Epamig 1194, Catiguá MG2, MGS Catiguá 3, MGS Ametista, Pau Brasil MG1, MGS Paraíso 2, MGS Aranãs, Sarchimor MG 8840, and IAC 125 RN. Based on grain yield, processing yield, seed density, grain size, and cup quality, agronomic performance evaluations were conducted annually for the 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 harvests. The results showed that the grain yield was higher in the irrigated system compared to the rainfed system. In irrigated fields, the average increases in grain yield were 38%. Irrigation improved the performance of the cultivars in terms of processing yield, although it reduced cup quality. MGS Paraíso 2 cultivar showed the best productive performance, with an average of over four harvests of 52 and 42 bags ha−1 (1 bag = 60 kg) in irrigated and rainfed systems, respectively. The cultivars least responsive to irrigation were IAC 125 RN, MGS Catiguá 3, MGS Ametista, and MGS Paraíso 2, with grain yield increases of 24%, 26%, 27%, and 28%, respectively. The most responsive cultivars were MGS EPAMIG 1194, Sarchimor MG 8840, and Pau Brasil MG1, with grain yield increases of 33%, 35%, and 39%, respectively. The agronomic performance results of coffee cultivars in irrigated and rainfed production systems will allow rural producers to adopt cultivars that are more suitable for the Cerrado Mineiro region.