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This research analyzed the social representations regarding women promoted in the fashion journalistic discourse during the sixties decade in Medellín city. It was a period of time characterized by the emergence of media and clothing consumer wave. It went together with the spread of new ideals of personal fulfillment. These aspects produced a gradual transformation on the existing social representations in the city. This research used the discourse analysis method with the purpose of understanding the transmission processes of representations which defined traditional female roles and those roles symbol of social and cultural changes. This method is a helpful tool that allowed studying the social, political and economic context in which they emerged and developed as symbolic creations of appropriation of reality constructed by social groups.

This essay attempts to show that the ancient rhetorical theory has explanatory capabilities to understand and learn to write modern texts and to analyze them in order to understand their communication skills, as in the scientific article, one of the most prestigious forms on scientific communication. It starts with the notion of discourse in the field of scientific communication and then address the rhetorical dimension of the paper.

Ancorada na perspectiva teórica da Análise do Discurso, na interface com a Filosofia e as Ciências Sociais, meu propósito, neste artigo, é pensar a circulação dos discursos sobre a leitura na internet. O corpus analisado se constitui de alguns excertos de relatos escritos por alunos de três cursos de graduação do Ensino Superior (Ciências Biológicas, Matemática, Pedagogia), os quais colocam em evidência a produção de discursividades sobre a leitura do texto-papel para o texto-tela, bem como a relação do sujeito-aluno-leitor com as "novas" tecnologias digitais no mundo contemporâneo e globalizado.Anchored in the theoretical perspective of Discourse Analysis at the interface with the Philosophy and Social Sciences, my purpose in this paper is to focus on discourses about reading on the internet. The corpus is composed of excerpts of stories written by students of three undergraduate courses (Biological Sciences, Mathematics, Education), which emphasize the production of discourses about reading the text-paper to text-screen as well as the relation of subject-student-reader with the "new" digital technologies in contemporary globalized world.

The article presents the results of a discursive analysis of online articles on foreign language learning. The analysis continues the study of the English popular science pedagogical discourse, complementing the number of already identified and characterized components with discourse strategies. The aim of the paper is to identify and analyze the strategies of the popular science pedagogical internet discourse which would expand scientific ideas about the interaction peculiarities between the pedagogical community and society. As practical material, the study uses one of the most famous English online magazines dedicated to language learning. By random sampling, 70 text fragments are selected from the magazine, exhibiting the whole variety of speech means the pedagogical community uses to cover its intentions and values. To achieve the aim set in the research, the authors use linguapragmatic, linguasemiotic, discursive analysis and descriptive, analytical, interpretive, statistical methods. As a result of the analysis, the strategies of attracting attention, modality, transmitting reliability, forming professional identity, solidarity, manipulation and consolidation have been established. Each strategy reveals its own means of speech implementation, among which we can name various verbal constructions, appealing constructions, constructions emphasizing causes and consequences of educational processes, evaluating lexemes, lexemes with semantics of inducement to action, etc. The range of communication strategies and means of their verbalization is not limited to those given in the paper. In order to describe the model of the popular science pedagogical discourse existing not only in the English internet space, the need for further analysis of the research subject is obvious.

Right-wing populist-nationalist parties in Europe have been challenging the established liberal order for an extended period, and the year 2024 poses numerous challenges. With the growing gap between traditional political parties and social strata, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of the discourse employed by right-wing populist-nationalist parties as they attempt to address this rupture. In Romania, recent polls indicate that the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) holds the third position, positioning it as the primary opposition party, as the top two parties, PSD and PNL, have formed a coalition since 2021. Originating during the 2018 referendum debate on redefining the family, AUR has grown, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, employing a discourse that incorporates nationalist, religious, and traditional family elements. This paper seeks to analyse the discursive elements employed by the Alliance for the Union of Romanians (AUR) party, utilizing a Gramscian approach. In a year marked by European, local, general, and presidential elections, understanding how this party is shaping a new common sense to counter the existing hegemony is crucial, as the common sense plays and important role in the functioning of democracy. The paper identifies the alternative narratives proposed by AUR and examines how symbols and references to traditions are incorporated into their discourse. Common sense, as Gramsci describes it, is not a homogenous set of ideas, but rather a multitude of ideas that are constantly changing. The task of this paper is to identify the elements that form the discourses of AUR and how they form an alternative common sense.

The paper deals with a pre-logical communication contrasted to verbal interaction founded on logical grounds. The material for the study includes archaic incantations, modern superstitions and poetic texts. The methods of interpretative and intentional analysis have been applied. A pre-logical communication is based on the establishment of relations between objects or events devoid of cause-and-effect relationship in reality. Such conceptualization has been described, explained and terminologically fixed as participation by L. Lévy-Bruhl. It is characteristic of a magic worldview which historically precedes logical reality, but remains up to now in certain types of discourse. Psychologically, such explanation is a biased generalization of accidental connection between things. However, such illogical reality representation has a right to exist as it helps people explain the unexplainable. Semiotically it corresponds to transaction of iconic signs to signals or indices. Three types of pre-logical explanation of events in everyday life have been described in this paper, i.e. diagnostic, prognostic and magical. A pre-logical communication in literary discourse may be understood as a demonstration of universal interconnection of things and events making a whole worldview. This interconnection is based on multiple associations and intertextual allusions. Three types of pre-logical worldview may be singled out as creative, metaphoric and intertextual multiplication of reality. A deliberate usage of pre-logical communication in scientific, pedagogical, legal and political types of discourse may be qualified as a manipulative influence, whereas when used in everyday, advertising, recreational and artistic communication it is determined by the intention to broaden the limits of a routine existence.

This paper investigates the construction of the concepts of empowerment and transformation as they manifest through the discourse of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) in South Africa. Using critical discourse analysis, the paper argues that key BEE documents such as the BEE Commission Report, the DTI BEE Strategy and the BBBEE Acts reduce the discourses of empowerment and transformation to the ahistorical and apolitical concepts of economic inclusion and participation. Previous studies have ignored the analysis of these fundamental discourses while framing BEE as a radically transformative policy that has only failed. Drawing upon Nancy Fraser and Marion Young’s concepts of justice, the paper finds that BEE policy documents appropriate and compound anti-colonial and anti-apartheid discourses to construct BEE as radically transformative without being transformative in conception and discourse. Thus, these policy documents are ideologically oriented towards the allocation of surplus resources among Black people rather than addressing the more central question of radically transforming social rules and unequal power relations of racial capitalism that determine economic relations. The outcome of these discursive practices directly contributes to the maintenance of these relations that continue to underpin the oppression of black people while giving the impression that something radically has been done about this oppression.

AbstractNowadays, media platforms are a catalyst for sculpturing a society’s mindset. Especially within a societal context characterized by skepticism towards the culture of human rights, the proliferation of misinformation has exerted a detrimental impact on public sentiment, thereby amplifying skepticism towards the culture of human rights. The objective of this study is to examine the misuse of media platforms in the dissemination of misinformation regarding the culture of human rights. The paper offers a legal analysis of our case study regarding the controversy surrounding the Jordanian child rights draft law. The paper analyses the practice of disseminating misinformation via media platforms through three main lenses: discourse, trust, and social practice. It also examines the intersection between these lenses through the example of the Jordanian child rights draft law controversy.

The study of modern Islamic thought in Indonesia is very important to be studied more deeply. This is because the study never ceases to be debated. The purpose of this paper is to understand 3 things: First, the paradigm of modern Islamic thought. Second, the internal and external factors that influence modern Islam. Third, the positive and negative implications of modern Islam on Islamic socio-intellectual discourse in Indonesia. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, the data is analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results found are three things: First, there are 4 forms of modern Islamic thought paradigm in Indonesia: reform, evolutionary, progressive, adaptive. Second, internally there are 3 factors that influence it: (1) the demand for renewal of Islamic teachings that are too taqlid and rigid (2) awareness of purifying Islamic practices (3) the Islamic press movement spread widely. As for externally, there are 3 factors that influence it: (1) the influence of modernity in the Western world (2) the dominance of Middle Eastern clerical thought (3) the reality of competition from other cultures and religions. Third, the positive implications of modern Islam for Islam in Indonesia are three things: (1) progressiveness in various fields (2) Islamic teachings are more rational (3) Islamic thought exists and is relevant to the contemporary context. Meanwhile, the negative implications of modern Islam on Islam in Indonesia are 3 things: (1) conflict between community groups (2) rejection from conservative groups (3) marginalization of figures and extremism tendencies. The conclusion of this paper shows that modern Islamic thought in Indonesia contains complex dynamics in shaping the social life of Muslims in Indonesia.

This paper contributes to the discourse on climate change by emphasising the imperative for inclusive engagement, particularly at the intersection of socio-economic challenges and climate impacts in Glasgow, Scotland. Despite recent shifts towards a ‘Just Transition’ and increased public engagement efforts, working-class voices remain marginalised. To address this gap, the paper first reviews existing literature on Climate Change Communication (CCC), examining some of the competing conceptualisations of barriers and public engagement and their policy implications, and more specifically, participatory policymaking and its role in engagement. Through doing so, the central debates of how public engagement with climate change ought to be pursued will be established, and to what degree this can be understood in the context of developing engagement with working-class people. Subsequently, it proposes a novel framework synthesising insights from Lorenzoni, Sutton, and Tobin utilising an ecological Marxist perspective that aims to address barriers to climate change engagement among the working class.

Classic theory of civil-military relations was mostly limited to empirical-descriptive studies, while theoretical starting point of such studies was rudimentary. The end of the Cold War brought about new challenges and questions, causing the need for theoretic grounds and expansion of research agenda of civil-military relations. Consequently, the subject of this paper encompasses the overview of the evolution of the theoretical framework and research agenda of civil-military relations, starting from the classical theory towards theoretical paradigms of the constructivists. The primary objective of the paper is to establish theoretical grounds of civil-military relations on the principles of Constructivism and strategic culture, as a fruitful analytical framework for the study of those relations as a dependent variable. In this paper, the method used is the overview of academic literature to achieve a systematic insight into relevant theoretical positions of the author which thematise strategic culture and civil-military relations on the principles of Constructivism. Two basic perspectives of strategic culture study have been singled out that determine the way of shaping those relations as a dependent variable. In concrete terms, civil-military relations can be analysed as a product of unique ideational elements of national culture, tradition and history of a nation, and as a product of discursive practices of political and military elites. Overall, the study of strategic culture enables overcoming anachronistic perspective of civil-military relations, offering and innovative theoretical and analytical framework that enables opening research agenda for new questions and subjects.

The paper presents a theoretical substantiation of the concept of «discourse» as the most important ontological category in contemporary linguistics. It further explains the semantic evolution of the concept of «discourse» from philosophical scholasticism to modern humanitarian knowledge. The essence of the notion of «discourse» is unveiled through a number of fundamental oppositions in the ontology of the object of linguistics (the language), with the opposition of system and phenomenon, considered as the two sides of the ontology of language, being the most important of them. In each of its sides, the object strives to achieve ontological integrity. Systemic integrity is opposed to the phenomenological totality of language, which is what the notion of «discourse» is about. Systemic integrity in its material aspect relies on a certain sum of elements that are in structural relation to each other and create the structure of language. The discursive integrity of language in its material aspect is based on a speech fact (a word in its speech status, an utterance, a text), which stands in an interpretive relation to (an)other speech fact(s). An intertextual connection arises between speech facts; one fact follows another in a linear-historical sequence. The sum of speech facts constitutes the wholeness of expressive extent of discourse. In its ideal aspect, integrity is subject to the effects of certain semantic constants. As far as the systemic integrity of language is concerned, such a constant is a linguistic function (cognitive, communicative). In its phenomenological integrity, language is governed by the concept, which is the highest semantic setting of discourse, being the intuition of discourse. The two dimensions of integrity are inextricably linked, and complement each other in the general ontology of language. Combining a set of activity-based and sociocultural approaches to language studies, the contemporary paradigm in the development of linguistics can be characterized as phenomenological. The paper is intended for specialists in the field of general theory of language, and history of linguistics.

This paper proposes to critically review Judith Butler's conceptualization of performativity from 1990-2015. In these years Butler proposes to extend the scope of J. L Austin’s concept towards gender theory, replacing Austin's speech act analytic with a post-structural analytic of power. Butler critically uses the reference to poststructuralism and French feminism to reinterpret the Aristotelian conception of the intelligibility of power as the materialization of a discursive form, subordinating to it the scope of performativity. Noting that this influence is absent in Austin's theoretical and analytical grounding of the concept, we will finally contrast the scope and limitations of Butler facing Austin.

The paper deals with the speech genre “wish” treated as emotional and volitive communicative event, its meaning is an expressed wish of implementation of something good or bad for somebody. Grammatically, this genre is a kind of mood named “optative”. It is a speech act describing a certain situation which implies an emotional reaction of a person. The reaction of an addressee for a good wish is usually expressed in words or gestures of gratitude. In case of a bad wish expressed directly it merges with a quarrel and a reverse bad wish. Common objects of good wishes are good health, happiness, prosperity, success and good luck. Good wishes may be combined with proactive criticism, accusation, reproach, or request. This speech act may be either neutral or discourse specific (used by soldiers, sailors, students, etc.), it is specifically used when addressed to elder people or applied to certain events, e.g. weddings. Bad wishes were initially pronounced as magic meant to bring harm to someone, and nowadays they are used as a kind of invectives or jokes. Bad wishes are usually combined with insult.

In the international contemporary discourse transgender individuals arguably have an increased presence within public media highlighting the visible diversity that constitutes the LGBTQI2S+ community. However, in response to the challenging of cisgendered normative assumptions there has been an unprecedented swathe of anti-trans measures executed through the frenzied repealing of rights and freedoms within the key arenas of legal, medical, sporting, and educative domains. This paper explores the intersections of pathologizing rhetoric that emplotted anti-trans and transphobic discourses within and across public consciousness. The quotidian presence of these discourses provoked in us a wondering about how evolving conceptual debate is constructing a trans inclusive global imaginary. In this paper we situate trans safety not as a singular concept, but rather a differentially experienced phenomenon that is related to and embedded in questions of bio power and privilege. As such, when we refer to a trans safety imaginary, we are not solely addressing protection from physical violence but also safeguarding against psychological and emotional vulnerability.

Many research questions in the field of applied linguistics are answered by manually analyzing data collections or corpora: collections of spoken, written and/or visual communicative messages. In this kind of quantitative content analysis, the coding of subjective language data often leads to disagreement among raters. In this paper, we discuss causes of and solutions to disagreement problems in the analysis of discourse. We discuss crucial factors determining the quality and outcome of corpus analyses, and focus on the sometimes tense relation between reliability and validity. We evaluate formal assessments of intercoder reliability. We suggest a number of ways to improve the intercoder reliability, such as the precise specification of the variables and their coding categories and carving up the coding process into smaller substeps. The paper ends with a reflection on challenges for future work in discourse analysis, with special attention to big data and multimodal discourse.

Discourse theories and methods have been a staple in social and political studies for a long time. However, even in the most advanced accounts of post-structuralist ontology and epistemology within the social sciences, materiality is somewhat under-theorized, weakening discursive approaches and leading to a sense that social and material/natural worlds are in some significant way separate and operate differently. In this paper Karen Barad’s theory of agential realism, which builds on quantum physics, is deployed to show that this need not be the case. The paper explores the question of materiality and matter and its relation to discourse, by bringing Barad’s insight and a strand of post-structuralist discourse theory together. I argue that Barad’s agential realism can account for how matter matters also in post-structuralist social science, by discussing the similarities of the two approaches and how they work together. The article contributes to the discussion on new materialism, the question of agency and structure and to the onto-epistemology of social sciences and the concept of matter.

The aim of the paper is to indicate the research potential and perspective of discourse as a historical and dynamic phenomenon. Methodology used in the paper concentrates on discourse linguistics, stylistics, and text linguistics, which is related to the concept of language as a mode of communication manifested at its higher levels. What is important, the author is convinced that historical dimensions can be embedded into the definition of discourse. The first aspect constitutes the extension of the reflection at the discourse level in historical language studies. However, the inverse relation is most interesting. It is worth noting that the language history research could enrich the concept of discourse. Referring to previous research on the history of Polish scientific discourse and discourse of the excluded, the author formulates a thesis on the influence of the historical research on the concept of discourse, which could manifest itself in the following ways: (1) remodelling of the definition of discourse; (2) discourse dynamics; and (3) external discourse changes (cultural, sociological). The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The complementarity of language history and discourse linguistics should be considered. (2) Discourse definition is an open category and, among others, depends on historical changes. (3) The dynamic nature of discourse could be the basis for adopting historical discourse studies as a subdiscipline of linguistics. (4) Historical aspects of discourse can encourage research on communication as a dynamic, multifaceted, and complex component of culture.

In this paper we have analysed a graphic novel “Maus. A survivor tale” by Art Spiegelman as well as some variants of its translations in the framework of theory of multimodal discourse analysis (ADM) (O`Halloran). The article focuses on analysing the corpus of investigation on its language and nonlanguage level. The aim of the research is to explain in terms of the multimodal discourse analysis theory of main principles of graphic novel translation while observing the way of source language graphic novel transmutation and reconstructing its architecture in the target novel. The methods having been applied in the present paper are those of linguistic observation and description, empiric comparison of translation variants and translation results analysis using ADM tools. Applying methods of ADM in the process of analysing graphic novel results from the necessity to respond to the main challenges of ADM theory for the studies in theory and practice of translation, as well as semiotics and general linguistics. The objectives of the article are to outline the iconic-textual structure of the graphic novel under the analysis, to characterise the visual level of the investigated graphic novel, to generalise arising problems to the translator. The concept of multimodality derived from semiotics is being studied in the article explaining the reason for applying the multimodal approach in the study of the graphic novel. Modalities represented in the graphic novel on non-language level are systematised through different types of multimodal phenomena and their relevance for target text meanings transcreation is described. Both visual and language modalities, which are important for the construction of the meaning, are focused attention to and the multimodal phenomena are piled and systematised in the article. The relationship between the visual and written modalities are discussed and the role and importance for the translation process are explained. Until now there are different investigations of the Maus, but there is no investigation from the multimodal perspective. The investigators focuse on the discursive and pragmatic part, as well as on the expressive value of the work, compare the characteristics of the translation; draw attention to the problems of the literary style of the work Maus; study the role of images in the creation of the work. However, there is still no study of graphic novels from the perspective of multimodal discourse analysis. By means of a series of operations of translation techniques the original text is reconstructed in the translation variant. It involves compressing or widening of the original text, removing inconsistencies between different modalities, reinterpreting “language shell” so that a semiotic content could be preserved and the author’s message transmitted without corruption, for that redrawing some characters or chapters, removing, or replacing some visual symbols with different ones. Illustrative material shows a certain logic scheme to follow the process of translation taking into consideration different multimodal phenomena, as well as the absence of some of its constituents. On the one hand, extralinguistic objects engraved in pictures of the graphic novel may present the reason for the translation technique of addition, and on the other hand the absence of some details in the pictures may justify the translation technique of omission. Evaluating functional types of multimodal phenomena also may lead one to adequate selection of synonyms or a phrase to choose in a process of translation having as a “guide” visual image supporting language level of a graphic novel. The term “graphic novel” is specified as well as the difference between terms “comic” and “graphic novel” is outlined. Graphic novel format is proved to assimilate to the literary novel with the content of memoirs, autobiography, history, documentary reports etc. Maus is the first graphic novel dealing with Holocaust theme aimed at the adult audience. According to the definition of the graphic novel, Maus is seen to share discursive mechanisms with visual narrative instruments, embedded in multimodal phenomena. The types of multimodal phenomena are selected in the present investigation and grouped with illustrative examples taken from the corpus. In the framework of ADM theory, the selection of translation techniques and operations are justified, and the reasons for certain translation variants are explained. As it is shown in the paper, graphic novel translation differs from literal one. The most important characteristics of graphic novel translation distinguishing this genre of literature have been outlined: 1) the graphic novel translation unit obligatory consists of both verbal and visual parts; 2) the intonation of the characters of the graphic novel is a part of a style and is taken into consideration in the course of translation; 3) visual part of the graphic novel is presented by multimodal phenomena that influence the strategies of translation. General recommendations for the translation of the historic graphic novel have been given, mainly: 1) for the purpose of collecting information from the visual part. It is recommended to read and discover the entire content of the novel before starting the translation, paying attention to the multimodal phenomena and their types mentioned in this article. Attention is paid to past events, other extralinguistic meaningful objects. An individual language style is translated with the same style and is maintained throughout the text; 2) on the language level, it is recommended to choose at least the sentence as the minimum translation unit of the graphic novel using substitution techniques within the unit as long as the final sentence reflects the same message. However, the largest translation unit can be chosen. Appropriate options are a speech bubble (speech bubbles) or the entire page. Bubbles (speech balloons) often contain colloquial speech, which differs much more between languages than literal text of a book. The ease of colloquial speech is nearly impossible to achieve without the freedom to change the order, composition, and number of sentences. Often, it is not the character-specific phrases that need to be translated, but rather the emotion of outrage or joy, recreating it using the character’s language (such as the speech of the immigrant, the main character, Vladek, or his wife); 3) the use of bold. It is understood that it is not necessary to use bold type in the same units that appear in the original. The most important thing is to convey the same meaning and intonation in the translation avoiding the “word for word” translation; 4) the language style of the author and the characters. The author and the characters of the graphic novel have their own language style, which is part of the meaning. Characters may have their own characteristic expressions and circumstances that explain the choice of phrase translations. After reading the text and visualising the novel, it becomes clearer what type of the target text of the protagonist should be created to remain truthful and sound natural; 5) “Litmus paper”. It is recommended to read the translation after a couple of days without looking at the original text thinking about whether or not the author would choose the same words, style, intonation; 6) Culture references create a certain atmosphere and are translated (6.1) literally as in the example of gefiltefish translation or (6.2) simplification is used the culture in case of translation of the same unit into Russian рыбафиш; 7) translation of anthroponyms and proper names. It is not recommended to translate the proper names of the historical graphic novel taking into account the documentary part of the novel. The same variants of anthroponyms are maintained throughout the text; 8) accuracy is the second priority after avoiding meaning corruption. One should try to preserve accuracy if it is possible, respecting the condition of preserving the meaning without corrupting it. To achieve the effect of equal perception of the novel by the reader both in the original language and in the translation language, two things are needed: understanding what is said in the original text and reconstructing it in the target text. The ADM theory, in this respect, is the tool to achieve the most adequacy and the most accuracy at the same time.

This paper argues that gambling research has, since the neoliberal-inspired period of gambling legalisation in the late twentieth century, been dominated by a specific discourse, that of ‘responsible gambling’. This discourse originated in a conjunction of rationalities of government and capital, in the process of which commercial gambling was legitimated. Its liberalisation represented an extension of rationalities and technologies to form a new market from what had previously been an unlawful activity. The problems and harms associated with this liberalisation became subject to claims from some pockets of expertise, notably psy-sciences, and thus became a focus for analysis. As a consequence, gambling research has been characterised by a discourse of individual pathology as the focus of study. The orthodoxy formed from this discourse constitutes a system or apparatus of economic and quasi-medical power, in which reflexive relations between gambling operators, governments, charities, and some researchers, have been significant. These reflexive relations have largely constituted the field of gambling research. This paper contends that the orthodoxy of gambling research has failed to prevent harm arising from gambling and has restricted the expansion of knowledge. A systemic critique of the orthodox discourses and technologies that constitute much of gambling research is required to address these categories. This would also address a lack of diversity in theoretical framings of gambling research priorities. Alternative ways of conceptualising the problem of legalised gambling have emerged, most clearly under the discourse of ‘public health’. The current competition between these two discourses might be categorised as between an orthodoxy (‘responsible gambling’) and a heterodoxy (‘public health’). Extending the heterodoxy into a critical public health discourse may provide a basis for rapid expansion and diversification of the research field, particularly along paths that expand knowledge, facilitate effective regulation of harmful products, and prevent harm to individuals, communities, and populations.

This paper discusses the role of the societal discourse in the construction of breastfeeding practices. It argues that societal discourse is crucial to the constitution of those practices, and that understanding the underlying circumstances of the breastfeeding situation anywhere in the world requires looking not only at the social reality itself but at the discourse that represents, reflects and constructs it. Proposing Armenia as a study case, the paper outlines the various sources of modern discursive practices around the feeding of children in Armenia, including pre-industrial customs, soviet political ideology, and modern Western values. Doing so, it proposes a new approach to studying breastfeeding practices through the prism of various discursive influences.

This paper is an overview of many researchers’ opinions on the presence of a religious element in La Plata’s literature. The perspective of the article is definitely diachronic, critical and analytical. According to the conclusions of the literature researchers, there is a strict relationship between theological thinking and the current social and cultural issues and the ideological layer of particular literary works. A novelty in our study is that what is seemingly absent from the religious subject area can function as a visible sign of theological thinking in La Plata’s work. Even anticlerical attitudes may be indicating a religious background of their authors. Almost no literary work of La Plata may be considered as devoid of theological motifs or inspiration.

[Purpose] The paper aims to understand the relationship between Artificial Intelligence, Law and Discourse (namely, the one used in judicial decisions). To then analyze how the interference of Artificial Intelligence in judicial decisions can guarantee impartiality and if that interference should be the intention. [Methodology/Approach/Design] For this purpose, a theoretical reflection was carried out around the central concepts: Law, judicial decisions, impartiality, and artificial intelligence. For this, bibliographical research was carried out. [Findings] Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a current reality. A tautology that has been repeated so that individuals do not forget the challenges they face as a result. Thus, the courts, the judicial professions, and the law, are being confronted with this “new” reality, whether in a challenge format or from the perspective of the facilities that AI brings coupled. It remains to be seen, then, what will be the principles of law. If AI will interfere in judicial decision-making (as has already been tested), what will become of the principle of impartiality? And is this a principle that is intended to be maintained or even currently exists? The article goes through all these corners: the intertwining between discourse, law and AI; impartiality and AI as a decision-maker.

This paper explores the networks of thoughts behind words by reading architectural texts in the context of linguistics. Using a corpus-based model, our main interest is what the collocational data contribute at an architectural level. The notion of “collocation identification in architecture” was drawn from an analysis of the use of the data for Rem Koolhaas. The data for this study were collected from Rem Koolhaas's articles from 1977 to 2014. An analysis of Koolhaas's ideas about architecture and urban planning was conducted using the AntConc 3.4.4.0 corpus analysis toolkit. The corpus-based model reduced selected articles to words and lexical bundles using the corpus analysis toolkit. This paper explores Koolhaas's thoughts on understanding architecture and the metaphors he uses by analyzing articles using the corpus-based analysis model. The discourse codes in the texts of Koolhaas are examined. A corpus-based model proposal tested on architectural texts has the potential to create new areas of knowledge for architectural discourse. Deciphering the texts and analyzing the codes contribute to the development of new models.

Purpose. The paper aims at discovering stylistic and grammatical peculiarities in tourism discourse based on VisitBritain.com text corpus; analyzing its application scope and mission; specifying “tourism discourse” as a notion. Methodology. Used in the paper are general scientific methods (synthesis, generalization), analysis of the text corpus, method of linguistic analysis. Results. The issue of tourism discourse as a separate unit, not a subtype of advertising discourse, remains highly disputable nowadays. The present paper analyses the theoretical basis of notions of “discourse” and “tourism discourse”; determines the levels and communication means in tourism; substantiates the hypothesis on multi-component and multi-modal structure of tourism discourse as a linguistic phenomenon. In the practical part of the research, the author draws special attention to the specifics of the English tourism discourse in terms of typology, lexicology and morphology. The paper concludes by saying that tourism discourse is different from advertising one as well as requires further investigation into the issue. Practical implications. The results presented in the article can be used both in theory and applications, i.e., further inquiry into the pragmatic constituent of tourism discourse and its interdisciplinarity; compilation of corpora of tourist texts in the English language; adaptation of the English tourism discourse for present-day realities and addressees’ demands.

The 14th General Election has significantly changed Malaysia when Barisan Nasional suffered its first ever defeat since Independence. However, among the Malay majority, there was a growing sense of political anxiety and uneasiness as a result of the perceived loss of power, and to some extent, the erosion of national identity. In response, the nationalists and the Islamists have regrouped and reunited. This is manifested with the formal alliance of the two largest Malay-based parties, UMNO and PAS. Amidst the backdrop of this new political realignment, social media played an important role in setting the narrative, and mobilising the masses. Therefore, working from within this background, this paper analysed the discourse of the new Malay nationalism on social media by employing a social media tool, SeoTools, to analyse the Twitter data. The findings revealed a new insight into the dynamics of the Malay mind and motivation from the context of politics, religion, and economy. There was a significant correlation between popular sentiment and social media discourse, in that there was a renewed resurgence to reassert traditional values and identity. The failure to rein in the emotion, and the expectation, eventually cause the fall of Pakatan Harapan in 2020.

“Goodbye, Americana, Hello Real Time”: The Death of Idealism in Philip Roth’s American Pastoral. Philip Roth’s 1997 American Pastoral is a textbook illustration of failed cultural transmission: the transference and transformation of values, idea(l)s and information in the lives of Seymour Levov, his family, his community prove to be governed by loss, misrepresentation and gradual decline into disorder. Far from delivering the romanticized version of life in the Jewish neighborhood that the title implies, the novel captures a disenchanted Americana, wherein idealism and radicalism clash against the background of the ideologically fractured 1960s. While ‘the Swede’ apparently initially embodies the (super)hero, middle-class American Dream, American Pastoral chronicles America’s evolution after World War II, which is captured as a mixture of convention and rebellion, both stemming from clashing political ideologies. This paper examines the book’s polarizing discourses, keeping an emblematic passage in mind: “Maybe the best thing would be to forget being right or wrong about people and just go along for the ride.” “Goodbye, Americana, Hello Real Time”: moartea idealismului în Pastorala americană de Philip Roth. Pastorala americană a lui Philip Roth (1997) constituie un exemplu tipic de transmitere culturală eșuată. Transferul și transformarea valorilor, ide(alur)ilor și informației în viețile lui Seymour Levov, familiei și comunității sale se dovedesc guvernate de pierderi, reprezentări eronate și, în cele din urmă, entropie. Departe de a oferi o versiune romanțată asupra vieții în vecinătatea evreiască, așa cum sugerează titlul, romanul surprinde o imagine dezvrăjită a Americii, unde idealismul și radicalismul se ciocnesc pe fundalul unor ani 1960 scindați ideologic. În timp ce „Suedezul” pare că întruchipează inițial (super)eroul Visului American al clasei de mijloc, Pastorala americană înregistrează evoluția Americii după cel de Al Doilea Război Mondial, redată drept un amestec de convenționalism și rebeliune, ambele rezultate din diferite tipuri de îndoctrinare. Lucrarea examinează discursurile polarizante ale cărții, luând în considerare un pasaj emblematic: „Poate cel mai bine ar fi să uităm de a avea sau nu dreptate despre oameni și să ne bucurăm doar de călătorie”. Cuvinte-cheie: Americana, comunitate, discurs, ideologie, identitate, mit, traumă Article history: Received 15 March 2024; Revised 27 August 2024; Accepted 01 September 2024; Available online 30 September 2024; Available print 30 September 2024.

This paper is based on corpus data from a study that was conducted in Uganda by the Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED). Using a multi-perspective approach to spoken discourse analysis, the paper discusses the manifestations and patterns of participation and decision-making as they emerge through evaluation and appraisal in the context of participatory community development processes. Taking the discourse of farmer group meetings as a genre of business meetings, the paper explores how participants use Luganda to express assessment and make decisions during interactive discourse. In this paper, I discuss the manifestations of the subtle decision-making style, which demonstrates a culturally constructed concept of participation in Luganda. I refer to this culturally unique discursive process as the non-explicit style of participation and decision-making. The main characteristic of subtle decision-making discussions is that participants reach a consensus or take a spontaneous implicit group position on a matter without anyone formally announcing the decision.

Multilingual speakers’ languaging practices are undervalued and problematised in formal teaching and learning spaces in higher education. The environment has legitimised monolingualism as the only acceptable practice, hence students often lack the confidence to recruit their full linguistic repertoires. In the third and fourth years of their Occupational Therapy studies, many African students faced challenges due to socio-historic-political factors that put them at risk of failure. These challenges were addressed in academic support tutorial spaces using pedagogical translanguaging. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate the use of translanguaging as a socially just strategy, its affordances, and its challenges. This paper utilises data from a case study within a larger project aiming to describe the use of translanguaging in multilingual teaching and learning settings at a historically White university in South Africa. The case study comprised of eight African students. Linguistic ethnography and Moment analysis were employed. Pedagogical translanguaging and humour were used to create a space conducive to collaborative learning and co-construction of knowledge that granted epistemic access to occupational therapy discourse. Respect and dignity were fundamental in fostering cohesion, improving confidence, enacting speaking rights, and creating a sense of belonging among students who often felt alienated.

Language standardization has historically been a critical area of inquiry in language policy and planning (LPP) research. This is a political matter, which contributes to “more (and hierarchical) heterogeneity” rather than linguistic homogeneity (Gal 2006: 171). The paper empirically explores extralinguistic arguments, which are used by language professionals (planners, academics, educators) in mainstream media discourse. This public discourse is initiated by the launch of an Estonian “superdictionary” in 2019 (see Tavast et al. 2020), and its public reception. By using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a method, the paper also provides insight into the discursive construction of language as such and (Standard) Estonian by different LPP actors. Above all, it aims to understand the issues of power and authority in language standardization. The discourse illustrates the paradigmatic change in standardization and lexicography: from including selected language samples to the acceptance of non-elite language variants and varieties. This change has generated a polarization of stance among language professionals, and similar discursive moves, e.g., references to the past and future dangers, metaphors and other comparisons are used. Kokkuvõte. Kadri Koreinik: Keelevälised argumendid 21. sajandi keelekorraldusdiskursuses: „supersõnaraamat“ ülalt-alla ja alt-üles keelekorralduse vahel. Keele standardimist peetakse keelepoliitika ja -korraldusuuringute üheks keskseks huviobjektiks. Standardimine ehk normimine on poliitiline valik, mis selmet keelelist homogeensust luua, tekitab hoopis heterogeensust, mis on olemuselt hierarhiline: normikeelt kas osatakse või mitte (Gal 2006). Artiklis uuritakse keeleväliseid argumente, mida kasutavad peavoolumeedias normimise üle arutlemiseks keelega professionaalselt seotud inimesed (keelekorraldajad, -teadlased, haridustegelased). Uuritav diskursus lähtub nn sõnastikureformist ja selle retseptsioonist. Analüüsimeetodina kasutatakse kriitilist diskursusanalüüsi, mis võimaldab süvitsi uurida, kuidas avalikkuses konstrueeritakse keelega, sh eesti kirjakeelega seotud tähendusi. Lisaks aitab analüüs mõista võimu ja domineerimise küsimusi keele normimisel. Diskursuses kajastub paradigmaatiline muutus, mis väärtustab kasutus- ja korpuspõhist lähenemist leksikograafias, aga ka keele normimisel. Kuigi muutus on löönud „keeleinimesed“ kahte lehte, kasutatakse poolt- või vastuargumentides samu võtteid: viiteid autoriteetidele, keele ohustatusele, metafoore ja teisi võrdlusi.

By 2025, Senegal's energy mix will have shifted from one reliant on heavy fuel oil to one consisting primarily of solar and wind energy as well as liquefied natural gas. The expectation is that this will lead to lower greenhouse gas emissions, more affordable power, and broad-based growth and development. Despite the necessity of a transition to renewable energy, scholarship in critical energy geographies has cautioned that such a transition could (re)produce socio-environmental injustices. Yet only a relatively small (but growing) number of studies in the political ecology of renewable energy literature examines how energy transitions are framed and justified as part of national-level narratives in the global South. Understanding this is critical because framing (renewable) energy in relation to national development objectives is a strategy central to the material development of renewable energy projects. Through a case study of Senegal, this paper examines the national-level discourses that underlie the country's turn towards utility-scale renewable energy by analyzing key documents and institutional interviews (carried out between 2018 and 2020). Findings show that a dominant group of development actors along with state institutions mobilizes a “grand narrative” on economic growth and poverty reduction vis a vis renewable energy development to facilitate a shift to renewables that rests on market logics, with questionable implications for equity and justice. The paper reflects on the implications of this narrative for the potential of a just energy transition in Senegal, as well as the broader theoretical and empirical implications of the research.

The term system of cognitive linguistics is formed from different areas of knowledge and discursive practices. These terms are usually of English origin. But this system also includes Russian-language words of a commonly used nature, which, as a result of systemthesaurus connections with other terms in scientific communication, acquire the status of a cognitive term. The paper discusses the methodological foundations for understanding these integration processes, which is possible only when considering a system of terms as a form of explication of knowledge at the mental and linguistic levels. The nationwide existence of Russian-language words, possible shades of meaning, which allowed such lexemes to move into a group of terms and replenish the cognitive terminological system, are analyzed. The object of analysis is the original Russian lexemes knowledge and consciousness. The subject of analysis is the components of semantics that have become the basis of the terminological meaning of the indicated lexemes; new systemic connections that arose in the words knowledge and consciousness already as in terms of Russian origin when entering the cognitive terminological system: synonymous, antonymic, hyper- and hyponymic, derivational-epidigmatic. Observation of the functioning of the lexemes knowledge and consciousness in popular and scientific discourses, as well as analysis of the interpretation of these terms in scientific discourse, made it possible to clarify the process of terminology of the commonly used vocabulary of the Russian language. The paper presents the results of using corpus and software tools for modeling the functionality of this knowledge format. The collected information is supported by the results of an associative experiment to verify the data sources obtained through automatic processing. The revealed frequency and specificity of the use of cognitive terms on modern material will allow us to draw meaningful conclusions about a qualitatively new state of cognitive terminology.

The article aims to study the poetics evolution of a great Polish poet and prose writer, Nobel prize winner Czesław Miłosz towards a fundamentally new comprehensive literary form: from “Piesek Przydrożny” (“Roadside Dog” 1997) to “Abecadło” (“Milosz`s ABC`s” 1997) and “Inne Abecadło” (“A Further Alphabet” 1998). The purpose stimulates the usage of the analytical, hermeneutics and receptive methodology, as well as textual analysis. It is stressed that the years of this work publication indicate the writerєі success in his determined search for a form that would be capable, containing immense life material, countless events, lives and artistic-philosophical reflections, to create the picture of the 20th century. The paper highlights why “Piesek Przydrożny” does not meet any requirements for containing the unlimited number of life facts within a text. We’ve noted the organizing function of Piesek in the system of a fictional unity. Moving freely, Piesek made it possible for Miłosz to create a certain series of philosophical pieces (“Ubóstwo wyobraźni”, “Wzniosłość”, “Pieśń dziadowsku”, “Со upadek”, “Powieść”, “Gombrowicz”, “Polski literat”) and several tragic essays – “Ojcowskie kłopoty”, “Zmartwienia historyka” and others. It is proven that while the form of this book contains a variety of material, it still cannot give Miłosz the absolute freedom he was striving for. The writer was determined to find the form which would, according to him, “allow for much freedom”, “not pursue beauty but just register facts”. Considering Е. Brazgovskaya’s findings, the productivity of the alphabet (аbecadło) is proved. The paper expresses the idea that one can treat the alphabet (аbecadło) as a kind of a memoir genre. The innovative structure of “Abecadło”, consisting of essays-novels, is analyzed. The article traces the associative connections which cement 200 essays into a single entity, creating the image of the epoch.

Introduction. The relevance of the work is due to the interest of linguistics in the issues of discursive mediatization of socially significant phenomena in the English-language media, in particular environmental safety as the most important value of modern society. The scientific novelty of the study lies in establishing the content of the value “environmental safety” on the basis of systematization and quantification of semantic fields that are correlated with the main topics that determine the interpretation of this socially significant phenomenon in the British media and form a discourse-based thesaurus of its representation. Methodology and sources. The paper used corpus linguistics methods and the interpretative method of discourse analysis. The empirical basis of the study was a corpus of media texts of high-quality and popular media devoted to environmental safety issues, the corpus size was more than 200 thousand words. Results and discussion. Based on corpus analysis, semantic fields were identified that represent the concept under study in the high-quality and popular British press. It is shown that in the media narratives of the British media, ES is closely associated with climate change and global warming. It was revealed that the dominant topics in narratives about environmental security in both types of media are: 1) the environment; 2) science; 3) politics. A comparative analysis of the semantic fields showed the predominance of the semantic field “science” in high-quality media, which indicates rational and logical strategies for influencing a wide readership. In the texts of popular media, the semantic field “politics” dominates, which indicates the politicization of the discourse of environmental safety and indicates a strategy of emotional impact on the addressee. Both corpora emphasize the issues of climate change, related to unfavourable weather conditions and extremely high temperatures, however, high-quality press texts mention temperature anomalies much more often, which indicates an attempt to arouse public concern about the existing threat and encourage the adoption of necessary measures. Conclusion. The proposed methodology can be used in analyzing the specifics of other media discursive practices in terms of their discursive-textual organization, in studying the rhetorical, pragmatic and linguocultural organization of environmental safety discourse in sociocultural and ideological perspectives.

Abstract Schizophrenia is a mental illness that affects its patients' cognitive functions and different levels of language. Discourse is one of these levels that is severely affected by this disease. In this research, 11 schizophrenic patients and 11 healthy individuals were compared using the interpersonal metafunction in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar. To collect data, we used The Persian Aphasia Battery, Western Aphasia Battery, Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, the story “Frog, where are you?” and questions such as “tell one of your good and bad memory, talk about Nowruz, etc.”. We employed SPSS software to analyze the data. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in the speech of patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy people in terms of the use of items such as polarity, modality, past and present tenses, declarative, WH-interrogatives and imperative speech functions, subject, complement and circumstantial adjuncts. However, no significant difference was found in the use of future tense, yes/no interrogatives and suggestion speech functions. According to the findings of this research and in line with previous studies, interpersonal speech systems can be used to provide a profile of the intensity of emotional and social disorders and incoherent speech in schizophrenic patients. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Discourse, Systemic Functional Grammar, Interpersonal Metafunction, Mood, Residue Introduction Language disorder refers to a mental malfunctioning in the understanding or using written, spoken, or other medium of language. A disorder as such manifests itself in the form of language (phonetics, morphology, and syntax), content of language (semantics), or the use and function of language in communication (pragmatics). These problems may be receptive, expressive, or a combination of both (Fogle, 2008: 249). One of the mental disorders in which language is affected as such and patients experience language disorders like the one mentioned above is schizophrenia. Schizophrenia can be defined as “a severe mental disorder characterized by a set of symptoms such as impaired thought and perception that has lasted at least 6 months.” (Arman et al., 2005, p. 86) The underlying cause of this disease has not been diagnosed completely yet and it has partly remained unknown. However, it is widely agreed that “schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder in which a set of biological, psychological, and environmental factors play a role in its occurrence” (Arman et al., 2005: 86). In 1980, Crow (1980) divided schizophrenia into two types of positive and negative schizophrenia (Andreasen, 1985: 380-382, as cited in Crow, 1980). Language impairment, thus, is one of the most obvious cognitive defects in schizophrenic patients (Kim et al., 2015:288) whose linguistic performance can be analyzed recruiting mainstream theories and approaches in today's linguistics, i.e., formal linguistics, functional linguistics, and cognitive linguistics. Systemic Functional Grammar is one of the mainstream theories of studying language pioneered by Michael Halliday (Rasakhmahand, 2013: 104). According to Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), language has different layers: 1) phonology and phonetics, 2) lexico-grammar, and 3) semantics. In Systemic Functional Grammar, clause is the main processing unit in lexico-grammar layer and represents different meanings. In this approach, Halliday talks about the context of situation and three components that create this context: field, tenor and mode. Each component of the context of situation has a representation in the semantics stratification, which is called metafunction. The three main metafunctions in Systemic Functional Grammar include ideational, interpersonal, and textual. As it concerns interpersonal metafunction, there are two components of mood and residue. Mood consists of subject, finite, and polarity. Residue includes the predicator, complement, and adjunct (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). According to Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), a communication with others always occurs based on certain social and personal experiences. These communicative experiences form the ground for interpersonal metafunction through which the clause is considered as an exchange. Given that language disorders are considered as one instance of schizophrenic symptoms, in this research, we compare schizophrenic patients’ discourse with healthy subjects’ discourse employing the interpersonal metafunction of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar. The present study aims to provide justifiable responses to the following enquiry: What is the difference between the discourse of schizophrenic patients and the healthy control group in terms of the use of the functions of interpersonal metafunction? Materials and methods In this paper, we examined the speech of 11 schizophrenic patients (8 men and 3 women) and 11 healthy participants (8 men and 3 women). Schizophrenic participants were selected from Avicenna, Ostad Moharreri, and Hafez hospitals in Shiraz. The age range of participants in this group was between 24 and 60 years old (average = 40.18) and their average years of education was 11.27. These patients were selected based on the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for positive type schizophrenia and the psychiatrist’s confirmation. Participants in the healthy control group were selected from the adult community living in Shiraz. The age range of healthy subjects was between 21 and 60 years old (average = 40.27) and their average years of education was 11.54. To collect data, we used The Persian Aphasia Battery, Western Aphasia Battery, Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, the story “Frog, where are you?” and questions such as “tell one of your good and bad memories, talk about Nowruz, etc.”. Interviews were conducted face-to-face between April 2022 and August 2022, with no time limit for answering. After transcribing the data, conversations were divided into clauses. Then, we determined all the functions of the interpersonal metafunction in the speech of each participant. These items included, polarity, modality, tense, speech functions, subject, complement, and adjuncts. Finally, the type, number, and percentage of each item was calculated and determined separately. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Discussion of results and conclusions The present study aimed to compare the functions of interpersonal metafunction in the discourse of schizophrenic patients and healthy control groups. Data were collected from 11 people with schizophrenia and 11 healthy people as a control group. We compared the two groups using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar. The findings suggested that there was a significant difference in the speech of patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy people in terms of the use of polarity, modality, past and present tenses, declarative, WH-interrogative, and imperative speech functions, subject, complement, and circumstantial adjunct; but no significant difference was found between the two groups of subjects in the use of future tense and yes/no interrogative and suggestive speech functions. According to the polarity data, the percentage of negative clauses in the patients’ discourses (11.78%) was higher than in healthy people (9.66%). This, in line with the findings of Martins (2006; 2008) and Cohen (2011), can be attributed to the patients’ negative attitudes towards themselves, others, and the world. Therefore, this aspect increases the possibility of using negative words and negative clauses in their discourses. In line with Cohen (2011), the speakers’ frequent use of modality indicates uncertainty, lack of commitment, or confidence in the truth-value of the utterance; therefore, it poses a problem for the continuity of propositional information and fluency in patients. As a result, communication with others becomes difficult because the listener may fail to interpret the interpersonal situation and sequence of propositions. Patients also used a higher percentage of past tense than healthy subjects, because they linked the discussions to the past events. Furthermore, their views of others, events, and the world may have influenced the use of tenses in their conversations. Regarding the speech functions, a significant difference was found between the patients in declarative, WH-interrogative, and imperative speech functions. This was because the context and the type of discourse in which the subjects participated was conversation. Also, the patients used more WH-interrogative clauses than the healthy people, which indicates that they were looking for more information about themselves, their situations, and the subjects. The reason for this lies in the position that they hold for themselves. In addition, the patients realize themselves in the given situation and ask to the underlying reasons of what has come to them. The percentage of omitted subjects was higher in patients than in the control group. The more cases of omitted subjects and complements indicate that patients do not pay attention to the needs of the listener and the context of the conversation. Not paying attention to the needs of the listener is one of the reasons for producing a problematic and hard-to-grasp discourse. The higher number of circumstantial adjuncts and complements in the speech of patients compared to healthy people can also be attributed to the fact that the speech of patients is less frank in responding, and they are involved in expressing other events that automatically lead to longer speech. Another result that was found in this research was the higher number of incomplete or abandoned clauses in the speech of schizophrenic patients. It can be said that one of the reasons for speech defects in schizophrenic patients is these incomplete clauses, which go hand in hand with incomplete words/phrases, leading to different speech in schizophrenic patients. According to the data of this research, the Systemic Functional Grammar approach worked very well in examining the language of schizophrenic patients and healthy people and is a suitable approach for these kinds of research.

The monograph discusses the issues of cognitive linguistics, cognitive terminology, linguapragmatics, linguasemiotics and discourse theory. New approaches to the structural and semantic analysis of discourse and terminological systems drawing on the Russian and English language material are considered. The monograph consists of four chapters: “Mediation discourse and PR discourse in the Internet space: some linguistic and pragmatic characteristics”, “The essential characteristic of linguacreativity and the levels of its manifestation in the film discourse”, “The role of colourative terminological elements in the structure and semantics of terminological systems” and “Electronic lexicography and some semantic features of the terminological system of digital photography”. The linguapragmatic characteristics of different types of discourse are given drawing on the material of mediation discourse, PR discourse, and film discourse, the phenomenon of linguacreativity and the levels of its manifestation are described. The paper presents a comprehensive methodological approach to the discourse as a phenomenon, examines the semantic features of terminological units, including their oppositional relations, as well as the specifics of lexicography of terms as one of the ways to order, unify and standardize terminology. The authors use for analysis the terminology systems of botany, zoology, oil and gas production and digital photography in the modern English language. The monograph will be of interest to a wide range of specialists in the fields of cognitive linguistics, discourse theory, and terminology studies.

This article focuses on various trends and linguistic approaches to metaphor studies in Russia (2019-2023). The latter deal with different types of metaphors, process of metaphor formation and the use of metaphors in discourse. The basic methods of investigation include comparative, inductive, generalization and descriptive approaches. The article summarises new results in modern studies of metaphor on data from Slavic, Romance and Germanic languages. In the paper, we show the role of metaphor both as a trope and a cognitive operation in monolingual and comparative studies. Alongside these traditional areas, we discuss the results of metaphor studies in multimodal texts and corpora. Multimodal texts are frequently constructed on the intersection of mental, semiotic and semantic fields. Corpora, which have proved to be a convenient source of recent and reliable data, present another modern sphere of investigation of metaphoric potential in Russian studies. We discuss such important areas of metaphor studies as the interdisciplinary approach, pluralism of methods, critical attitudes to universalism, emphasis on cultural features of communication and discourse, and the blending of rhetorical and cognitive methods.

This special issue explores metaphor across languages, cultures, and discourses, bringing together papers that reflect the diversity and scope of this research area. The aim is to foster discussion and exchange ideas concerning the role of metaphor in conceptualization, persuasion, and the construction of meaning. In this introductory article, we focus on the two main themes: (1) the universality of metaphor versus cultural variations in its usage; (2) the communicative function of metaphor in discourse. Within these main themes, we discuss case studies that highlight specific domains, including universal and cross-cultural variation in metaphor usage, discursive and communicative aspects of metaphor, and multimodal metaphor. In this article, we provide a summary of the contributions of our authors that represent up-to-date research on issues involving metaphor from a wide scope of perspectives and manage to open up a methodological discussion within metaphor studies. Finally, we summarize the main results and suggest a brief avenue for further research.

AbstractThe works of the Nobel laureate Sir Vidiadhar Surajparasad Naipaul, generally known as V. S. Naipaul, have been more criticized than critiqued. This tends to put his creative aspiration in oblivion and initiate a discourse that is quite personal, subjective, and degenerative in nature. This paper using the idea of “Naipaulexity’ and “Theory Renaissance” as elaborated below and adopting a deconstructive model of analysis of four of his fictions as examples, contends that a prolific writer like Naipaul has suffered the offense of a judgmental, critical fallacy, in its conventional readership and therefore it needs a serious scrutiny. It aims to arrive at this contention through the analysis of four of his fictions, demonstrating how there evolves a counter-discourse from his texts that virtually underscores the myopic conventional criticism. Naipaulian texts are dense and thick, and accordingly demand a similar approach to their understanding.

What we propose in this article is a mapping of the main themes of feminist discourse on the conflict in Ukraine. In the first part of the paper, we will attempt an outline of the main positions on the conflict and its causes. We do not claim to be exhaustive in our examination of them, but it is important to present them in order to see how feminist organizations and personalities position themselves in relation to them. In the second part of the paper, we will sketch a typology of feminist theories in order to better understand what will follow in the third part, namely how certain types of feminist discourses overlap - or not - with the positions of international relations scholars. This discursive excursion in which we will present the main positions will also allow us to advance our own perspectives on how feminism as an anti-patriarchal movement should position itself in this conflict.

In the last decade animal agriculture has received significant scrutiny for its many negative environmental consequences. In response to these myriad concerns a wide range of voices have advocated for diets that include less animal products (meat, dairy, eggs), often arguing that animal-based diets are inherently more resource intensive than those based on plants. Prominent in this discourse is a narratives formation developed by a slew of venture capital-backed food technology startups known as alternative protein that I refer to as the bad animal narrative. This narrative argues that livestock are fundamentally bad technology, and the solution to the many environmental problems of animal agriculture is to replace livestock with novel technologies to produce animal product alternatives that will satisfy consumer demand while also solving one of the fundamental environmental challenges of modern agriculture. In this paper I use discourse analysis frameworks from political ecology and science and technology studies to examine a large corpus of publicly available text that includes alternative protein company websites, mission statements, blogs, and connected media pieces, as well as life cycle assessment reports documenting the environmental impacts of alternative protein products as well as conventionally and alternatively produced livestock. This analysis finds that the bad animal narrative places blame on livestock without clearly providing evidence, and it rests on a set of problematic assumptions about the current food system and its possible futures. Analysis of life cycle assessment statistics finds that the industrial system, rather than livestock themselves, is the chief driver of the environmental problems of animal agriculture. The paper concludes with a consideration of the future food system envisioned by the bad animal narrative and its implications for sustainability.

For several decades, Brazil’s Grupo Globo, which controls radio, TV, and newspaper, served as the hegemonic voice controlling the audio, visual, and narrative dimensions of social phenomena that formed and informed social, political, and cultural attitudes among Brazilians. Of all their divisions, none has been more influential than the TV Globo network. Lately, with the popularization of free access to digital media, such as those offered by YouTube, TV Globo’s viewership has substantially declined. This paper discusses the concept of controlling images to analyze examples of TV Globo’s constructed visual image of the hypersexualized Afro-Brazilian female body in the network’s soap operas. It also analyzes cases of TV Globo’s constructed narrative over another subaltern Brazilian group: the LGBTQIA+ community. Recently, Afro-Brazilian and Queer-centric YouTube channels have attracted subscribers by emphasizing content centered on negritude, gender politics, and place of speech while deconstructing and de-normalizing Eurocentric and patriarchal controlling images. Against examples of TV Globo’s normative discourse of the past decades, the YouTube channels discussed in this paper represent alternative mediums for agency, visibility, and unbiased representations of gender and racial identities in Brazil.

The rise in global sea levels poses a substantial, sometimes existential threat to coastal cities around the world, such as Bangkok, Lagos, or Jakarta. Adaptation projects range from hard infrastructure to nature-based solutions or ‘planned retreat’, often having severe implications in terms of equity and equality. Given the threat of urban flooding and submergence, this paper asks how ‘the future’ for these cities is imagined, and how sociotechnical imaginaries of climate futures inform policymaking. Using insights from poststructuralism and Science and Technology Studies (STS), I argue that the way of ‘seeing’ and ‘knowing’ sea level rise is constitutive of the rationalities that undergird the governing of rising water around the world. I trace the discrete operations of the discursive formations and imaginaries that have evolved globally around the issue of sea level rise, with their own distinctive logics. Analyzing a variety of globally circulating policy documents and local adaptation projects, I show how the governance of sea level rise is based on a very specific ‘expert’ knowledge that allows re-designing sinking cities ‘from above’. This kind of knowledge, provided by a depoliticizing global network of consultants, designers, and development banks, privileges imaginaries of modernity and control using technology and engineering, as well as ideas on how populations in flood-prone areas are expected to govern themselves in the advent of rising sea levels. These imaginaries tend to marginalize alternative local adaptation practices, lead to unintended outcomes, and often discriminate against those who are already vulnerable to climate change impacts.

Digital writings, like writings in general, are presented visually to the reader through different forms depending on the discourse of circulation and the distribution devices. These visual forms typical of certain discourses and appropriate to certain devices are generally identified as formats. The concept of format has long escaped attempts at definition in semiotics and linguistics. However, it is a key concept for the analysis of texts, because it is closely linked, on the one hand, to the writing medium and, on the other, to the genre of discourse. We then propose to analyze the format by observing newspapers on paper and digital media.

The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic triggered European countries’ response at the beginning of 2020. The global crisis was managed through different emergency measures, and in so many ways that the EU, as a supranational political body, did not follow a common approach when dealing with member states. What was the role played by the EU during the pandemic crisis? And how did the EU institutions try to legitimate their action? The aim of this paper is to answer these questions through an interdisciplinary investigation on the EU communication campaign on Corona virus targeted to European citizens, in order to unveil the ideological frames behind European actions. Results show that EU discourse on the Covid-19 crisis reveals the interests and the goals of a global business player, rather than an independent political actor.

Objective: Visual narratives have been used in medicine to share information in the form of stories with the potential to improve understanding of conditions and change behaviours. One genre of visual narratives is “graphic medicine”, which integrates comics into medical education and the delivery of healthcare. Graphic medicine can maximise the impact of research findings by presenting them in a more accessible format, which may be particularly useful in certain populations, such as those with low levels of health literacy. Those with lower health literacy levels and osteoarthritis (OA) are less likely to manage their condition with guideline recommended management strategies, experience a higher burden of disease, and have lower access to care. Our objectives were to review the current visual narratives in the field of and create a graphic medicine visual narrative based on existing research. Design: This paper summarises the current visual narratives in OA and presents a graphic medicine visual narrative to illustrate the experience of living with OA. Considerations for the dissemination of visual narratives to target audiences are also discussed. Results: The most common visual narratives in are infographics, videos, and graphic medicine. A graphic medicine visual narrative, based on previous qualitative work and informed by a framework, was created to illustrate two distinct narratives – impairment and participatory. Conclusion: Visual narratives remain an emerging field in OA but may serve as a useful resource for patients or clinicians to discuss various aspects of OA management. Future research should evaluate and validate the use of visual narratives in OA.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate, firstly, how the Shiite political discourse appeared in the city of Kufa and in the land of Karbala during the era of the first three Imams of Shi’a and, secondly, how, after that, a new knowledge-based discourse emerged in Medina and it could, relying on theoretical potential of the two disciplines of theology and jurisprudence, promote the Shi'a "religious identity" and its "group stability". Finally, in the conclusion, a chain of constructive relations is discussed that helped the discourse of Shi'a to identify and stabilize itself as the most and first important minority within Islam. The paper consists of an introduction, two central parts and a final section.

The article presents the results of research of the category of persuasiveness in academic linguistic works. Persuasiveness is considered in the present paper as a property of discourse, realized by means of verbal influence on the consciousness of the addressee with the purpose of changing his worldview. The urgency of the study is due to the growing interest of the research community to persuasive potential of discourse and mechanisms of verbal impact on the target audience, as well as the crucial importance of studying tactics and strategies of persuasive impact, aimed at inducing the recipient of information to share the views of the addressee. Analysis of the selected research works has shown that, despite the existence of different approaches to the interpretation of the notion «persuasiveness» and the resulting differences of methodical approaches to the study of the phenomenon, the universal meaning of the concept of «persuasiveness» in the linguistic aspect can be reduced to the idea that persuasiveness can be defined as the manipulative use of special language techniques aimed at strengthening the addressee’s arguments. The purpose of the paper is to identify and systematize the dynamics and research directions of the persuasiveness study. The study was conducted on the basis of theses selected form the «DisserCat» electronic scientific library of theses and abstracts. As a result 118 theses, published during 2000-2021 period, were catalogued and analyzed. The obtained results allowed to consider and generalize various approaches to the study of the persuasiveness, as well as to determine the dynamics and vectors of the interest to the studied phenomenon. The following research methods were used in the paper: targeted sampling, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, content analysis, statistical observation and processing of sample texts. Visualization was carried out by using Microsoft Office Excel program. A quantitative and chronological analysis of the selected works allows us to conclude that the interest in studying the realization of the category of persuasiveness is far from losing its relevance; on the contrary, from a prognostic point of view one should expect a significant demand for its research.

In her paper, the author presents an analysis of the debate on „mixed marriages“ initiated in June 1994 by Džemaludin Latić, editor-in-chief of the Bosniak national weekly Ljiljan. The research focus of the paper, however, is not on „mixed marriages“ as a „phenomenon of socialist past“ but on discourse in Ljiljan as a linguistically constructed social reality/past that is produced through discussion. That discourse aimed at creating a new narrative and ideological basis for group bonding, i.e. at completing the process of national homogenization. Media elite gathered around Ljiljan was part of the Bosniak political elite – that emerged during the „democratization“ period in the late 1980s and early 1990s - which shaped political paradigm of „the new ethnonational order” and in that sense Ljiljan represented „ideological apparatus” of post-socialist political and social power structures. Main feature of the discourse produced in Ljiljan, through the bitter dispute with Oslobodjenje, newspaper which narratively and ideologically shaped reality in the socialist period, was dramatic revision and simplified stigmatic presentation of the socialist past, victimization of Bosniak nation, and stigmatic collective categorizations of Others. Discussion in Ljiljan was aimed at defining and pointing at both the external and internal enemy of the Bosniak nation, with the latter being represented by those who were considered to be the carriers of the ideological values of the overthrown socialist system. They were to be isolated within the new political order, silenced and pushed towards the social margins, and the values from the social past were re-evalueted and proclaimed to be lie and illusion. Thus, the Internal Others included members of „mixed marriages“ who, with their „multicultural” matrimonial association, were perceived as the ones that violated symbolic boundaries of traditional Islamic collective identity. The Serbs were, on the other hand, defined as the main External Other, and this collective categorization included even those who remained 1992-1995 in besieged Sarajevo, and they were, as well, equated with Chetniks and Communists through discussion in Ljiljan. It is important to stress that the debate in Ljiljan was marked by strong ideological repulsion toward the secularism and civic conceptions, especially European secularism, which relied on the Christian cultural tradition as hegemonic. Source of the hostility and animosity for the main political and social protagonists of the recent socialist past was in the personal traumatic experience of the Young Muslim Group, since 1990 new political elite, which went through the rigged Sarajevo process in 1983, as well as in their ideological repulsion toward the modernization and secularization processes of transformation through which Bosniaks and Bosniak family passed during socialist period. Since the debate erupted in the war year 1994, which was preceded by dense period of brutal violence, concentration camps, mass rapes, and the passivity of European diplomacy towards all these horrific happenings, the author believes that all mentioned contributed to the radicalization of discourse in the national media and that, also, suffered violence was misused by the media and new political elite in order to complete the process of homogenization of the Bosniak collective on the basis of the exclusive ideology of „cultural fundamentalism“. The author also shows that Džemaludin Latić, Ljiljan’s editor-in-chief, tried to use the discussion to encourage the restoration of institutional power and control of the Islamic Community over the matrimonial union of members of national and cultural collective. Namely, within the patriarchal discourse in Ljiljan, the „monocultural matrimonial union“ was perceived as a framework within which the Bosniak national society should be revived and renewed on the basis of Islamic traditional and cultural principles. Within the private sphere, woman as mother played a key role in the process of primary socialization and therefore the focus of a significant part of the discussion within Ljiljan was on her body and life and her responsibility for the postwar biological and cultural revival of the collective. Therefore, the ban on mixed marriages applied primarily to her, Bosniak/Muslim woman. This in fact presented a biopolitical strategy that stood behind the discussion, focused on the bare lives of national subjects, ie. on their subjectivization and socialization within the new political order. Political and social protagonists of that order wanted to ensure „valid“ biological, cultural and ideological reproduction of the new political system and therefore permanent legitimacy of their political, social and economic power. This could be achieved only by directing collective identity self-understanding of national subjects through the monoperspective culture of remembrance and through their social and cultural practices.

Este trabajo aborda la cuestión del carácter utópico del libro, de la acción y del proyecto político y cultural de Alfonso X. Para tratar de establecer si cabe considerar que las obras del Rey Sabio pueden considerarse utópicas, se analizarán tres aspectos: la propia realización de los códices, como plasmación de un proyecto de reforma; el carácter inconcluso de este proyecto que parece adscribir lo utópico a lo irrealizable; el desplazamiento de la utopía de la obra en sí a su hacedor, el rey. This paper addresses the question of the utopian character of the book, of Alfonso X’s action and of his political and cultural project. To try to establish whether the works of this king can be considered utopian, three aspects will be analysed: the actual creation of the codices, as the embodiment of a reform project; the unfinished nature of this project, which seems to ascribe the utopian to the unrealisable; and the shift of the utopia from the work itself to its maker, the king.