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Copyright of Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gestion et Management Public is the property of Association Internationale de Recherche en Management Public (AIRMAP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Concurrent configuration of a product and its associated production process is a challenging problem in customer/supplier relations dealing with customisable or configurable products. It gathers in a single model multiple choices and constraints which come simultaneously from products (choices of components or functionalities), from processes (choices of resources and quantities) and from their mutual interrelations. Considering this problem as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP), the aim of this article is to improve its optimisation, while considering multiple objectives. Using an existing evolutionary optimisation algorithm as a basis, we propose an approach that reduces the computation time required for optimisation. The idea is first to quickly compute a rough Pareto of solutions, then ask the user to select an area of interest, and finally to launch a second computation on this restricted area. After an introduction to the problem, the approach is explained and the algorithm adaptations are presented. Then various computation experiments results demonstrate that computation times are significantly reduced while keeping the optimality level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The necessity of greening the financial system for sustainability transition has been widely acknowledged and advocated. Experimentation is recognised as an important approach to transforming the financial system and includes promoting innovative practices, building capacity and forming networks. In the real-world settings, the designing and the implementation of experimentations are diverse processes. This study argues that lacking critical reflection and evaluation of the nature of experimentations can jeopardise its role as an agent for transformative changes. By mobilising insights from financial innovation literature and using data drawn from interviews and from financial institutions' self-reported green finance innovation practices, this study shows that experimentations can be manipulated to validate business-as-usual actions rather than being used as an approach to pursuing more radical innovations. Moreover, we also found that some financial institutions have participated in green finance experimentation in a passive manner, which represents a missed opportunity to build capacities and accumulate knowledge through the experimental process. This study addresses research demands for a more critical empirical re-assessment of the positive narratives regarding inducing transformative changes through experimentations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Parishes in France, especially in rural areas, seem to have difficulties in existing, renewing themselves, and being missionaries in the 21st Century. To address this challenge, some of these parishes are developing original initiatives emerging from the laity that are generating new movements. We will describe some examples of these initiatives and analyze the ecclesiological issues in three directions. The laity can exercise their charisms in movements, parishes, professional, or family settings. The ordained ministries are gifts of God, uncompetitive, and articulated to each other by the Holy Spirit in the aim of communion. The parish is a central and singular locus but it is neither isolated nor exclusive, but rather in relation to other ecclesial places or mission territories. 摘要: 法国的教区，特别是在农村地区，似乎在21世纪对存在、更新和成为宣教士方面有困难。为了应对这一挑战，其中一些教区正在平信徒中制定原创倡议，这些倡议 正产生出新的运动。我们将介绍这些倡议的一些例子，并从三个方向分析教会问题。平信徒可以在运动、教区、专业或家庭环境中锻炼他们的能力。按立了的侍奉是上帝的礼物，没有竞争，透过圣灵为了交流而相互表达。教区是一个中心和奇 异之地，但它既不是孤立的也不是排他性的，而是相对于其他教会场所或宣教领土而言的。 Resumen: Las parroquias en Francia, especialmente las que están en zonas rurales, parecen tener dificultades para existir, renovarse y misionar en el siglo XXI. Para hacer frente a este desafío, algunas de estas parroquias están desarrollando iniciativas originales que surgen de los laicos y generan nuevos movimientos. Describiremos algunos ejemplos de estas iniciativas y analizaremos las cuestiones eclesiológicas en tres direcciones. Los laicos pueden ejercer sus carismas en los movimientos, las parroquias, los entornos profesionales o familiares. Los ministerios ordenados son dones de Dios, no competitivos y articulados entre sí por el Espíritu Santo con el propósito de lograr la comunión. La parroquia es un lugar central y singular, pero no está aislada ni es exclusiva, sino que se relaciona con otros lugares eclesiales o zonas de misión. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1766, the German physician Franz Anton M esmer (1734-1815) presented at the faculty of medicine in Vienna his doctoral thesis O n the Influence of the Planets on the Human Body (De planetarum influxu in corpus humanum), which was inspired by the De imperio solis ac lunae (1704), a work by Richard Mead (1673-1754), a disciple of Newton. In the thesis, Mesmer asserted that the cosmos and bodies floated in a universal fluid, which he called 'animal magnetism'. Diseases resulted from disorders of animal magnetism within individuals, and he proposed brand-new treatments to cure these disorders. Around 1775, M esmer sent his small monograph to different academies of science in Europe and to selected scientists. Only the Berlin Academy answered, but dismissed his work. In February 1778, he arrived in Paris, where he began to cure patients. A French physician from Lyon, Dr Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert (1741-1814), started to show interest in this mesmerist doctrine. Gilibert was a renowned physician and botanist. In 1775, he went to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania where he founded a medical school and a hospital in the town of Grodno (in present-day Belarus), where he worked from 1775 until 1781. He then moved to Vilnius to teach natural history at the Principal School of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Schola Princeps Magni Ducatus Lithuaniae, today Vilnius University), before returning to France in 1783. Gilibert was a strong believer in vitalism, a medical doctrine which stated that the physician should intervene as little as possible in healing the sick and letting nature do the healing. He saw animal magnetism as an expression of vitalism and carried out numerous experiments, which he described in letters addressed to his friend Antoine François Prost de Royer (1729-1784). In 1784, Gilibert published these letters in his Outline on Animal Magnetism, or findings of the observations made in Lyon about this new agent (Apperçu sur le magnétisme animal, ou résultat des observations faites à Lyon sur ce nouvel agent). These letters are of utmost interest because they show how a scientist of the last quarter of the 18th century regarded science and scientific research, at a time when science and pseudoscience were still intermingled. This article will present the way in which Gilibert devised and carried out his mesmerist experiments, and the conclusions he reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingénierie des Systèmes d'Information is the property of International Information & Engineering Technology Association (IIETA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The originality of Raymond Federman's La Voix dans le Cabinet de Débarras resides in both its graphic form, close to some artistic projects, and its narrative content, which engenders and motivates the former, thus revealing the deep sense of literary devices, which only appear to be purely formal experiments. Exploring the trauma experienced during the Second World War, the text delves into the issue that the writer's whole literary oeuvre obsessively returns to: the impotence of language in the face of a complex and dramatic reality. The aim of this article is to analyse the narrative mechanism, which rejects the conventional transmission of a story in favour of discursive strategies exploiting the materiality of text. The extensive semantic correlation of these two aspects creates a double drama, resulting from the actually experienced tragedy and an inability to verbalise it. Referring to the theory of an artistic text and philosophical reflections on the Holocaust, this article seeks to demonstrate that La Voix dans le Cabinet de Débarras embodies Federman's search for new forms of expression of trauma in a literary text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a new approach to solve the Minimum Independent Dominating Set problem in general graphs which is one of the hardest optimization problem. We propose a method using a clique partition of the graph, partition that can be obtained greedily. We provide conditions under which our method has a better complexity than the complexity of the previously known algorithms. Based on our theoretical method, we design in the second part of this paper an efficient algorithm by including cuts in the search process. We then experiment it and show that it is able to solve almost all instances up to 50 vertices in reasonable time and some instances up to several hundreds of vertices. To go further and to treat larger graphs, we analyze a greedy heuristic. We show that it often gives good (sometimes optimal) results in large instances up to 60 000 vertices in less than 20 s. That sort of heuristic is a good approach to get an initial solution for our exact method. We also describe and analyze some of its worst cases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Using the method of austenitic manganese steel waste remelting, we get inevitable, phosphorus contents that exceed the admissible limits. The phosphorus increases the hardness and tensile strength of steel and it seriously affects the ductility and resistance to shock or impact. The practical application of dephosphorization is discussed in the paper. Experiments on the dephosphorizatlon of highly allied manganese steel containing high phosphorous was made in laboratory conditions and the experimental results showed that the content of phosphorous in the steel can be lowered quickly and considerably. The industrial conditions allowed us to obtain similar results with those obtained in the laboratory. The only difference between the two experiments is the dephosphorization level, witch was higher in the laboratory compared to the level obtain on an industrial scale, even if the experiments were done in similar conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion is the property of Pixel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we explore the Vs-optimality criterion that was proposed in Ginsburg and Ben-Gal (IIE Trans. 2006; 38:445–461) as a new design-of-experiment (DOE) alphabetic optimality criterion. The Vs-optimality criterion seeks to minimize the variance of the optimal solution of an empirically fitted model. We show that the Vs-optimality citerion is well related to known alphabetic DOE criteria. However, it focuses on an 'optimization-seeking' experimental approach rather than an 'information-seeking' approach, which is often adopted by traditional optimality criteria. We illustrate the differences between these two approaches by a detailed example of a robust design of an RL-circuit. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automatically generated content is ubiquitous in the web: dynamic sites built using the three-tier paradigm are good examples (e.g., commercial sites, blogs and other sites edited using web authoring software), as well as less legitimate spamdexing attempts (e.g., link farms, faked directories). Those pages built using the same generating method (template or script) share a common "look and feel" that is not easily detected by common text classification methods, but is more related to stylometry. In this work we study and compare several HTML style similarity measures based on both textual and extra-textual features in HTML source code. We also propose a flexible algorithm to cluster a large collection of documents according to these measures. Since the proposed algorithm is based on locality sensitive hashing (LSH), we first review this technique. We then describe how to use the HTML style similarity clusters to pinpoint dubious pages and enhance the quality of spam classifiers. We present an evaluation of our algorithm on the WEBSPAM-UK2006 dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Sociology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of INFOR is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to their large geographic distribution and potential high mortality rates in human infections, hantaviruses constitute a worldwide threat to public health. As such, they have been the subject of a large array of clinical, virological and eco-evolutionary studies. Many experiments have been conducted in vitro or on animal models to identify the mechanisms leading to pathogenesis in humans and to develop treatments of hantavirus diseases. Experimental research has also been dedicated to the understanding of the relationship between hantaviruses and their reservoirs. However, these studies remain too scarce considering the diversity of hantavirus/reservoir pairs identified, and the wide range of issues that need to be addressed. In this review, we present a synthesis of the experimental studies that have been conducted on hantaviruses and their reservoirs. We aim at summarizing the knowledge gathered from this research, and to emphasize the gaps that need to be filled. Despite the many difficulties encountered to carry hantavirus experiments, we advocate for the need of such studies in the future, at the interface of evolutionary ecology and virology. They are critical to address emerging areas of research, including hantavirus evolution and the epidemiological consequences of individual variation in infection outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]