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Aspartame is an artificial sweetener used in drinks and many foods. International Agency for Research on Cancer classified aspartame as possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC Group 2B). In this study, a sensitive and selective spectrofluorimetric method was developed to detect aspartame. The method is based on switching on the fluorescence activity of aspartame upon its condensation with O‐phthalaldehyde (Roth's reaction) in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol. The reaction product was detected fluorometrically at λem of 438 nm after λex of 340 nm. All reaction conditions required to yield the optimal fluorescence intensity were observed and investigated. Furthermore, the approach was validated according to ICH guidelines. Upon plotting the concentrations of aspartame against their associated fluorescence intensity values, the relationship between the two variables was linear within the range of 0.5–3.0 μg/mL. Furthermore, the method was employed to analyze the quantity of aspartame in commercial packages and soft drinks with an acceptable level of recovery. In addition, the Green Solvents Selecting Tool, Complementary Green Analytical Procedure Index, and the Analytical Greenness Metric tool were used to evaluate the sustainability and the greenness of the developed methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an acidic buffered solution, erythrosine B can react with amiodarone to form an association complex, which not only generates great enhancement in resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectrum of erythrosine B at 346.5 nm but also results in quenching of fluorescence spectra of erythrosine B at λemission = 550.4 nm/λexcitation = 528.5 nm. In addition, the formed erythrosine B–amiodarone complex produces a new absorbance peak at 555 nm. The spectral characteristics of the RRS, absorbance, and fluorescence spectra, as well as the optimum analytical conditions, were studied and investigated. As a result, new spectroscopic methods were developed to determine amiodarone by utilizing erythrosine B as a probe. Moreover, the ICH guidelines were used to validate the developed RRS, photometric, and fluorimetric methods. The enhancements in the absorbance and the RRS intensity and the decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the used probe were proportional to the concentration of amiodarone in ranges of 2.5–20.0, 0.2–2.5, and 0.25–1.75 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, limit of detection values were 0.52 ng/mL for the spectrophotometric method, 0.051 μg/mL for the RRS method, and 0.075 μg/mL for the fluorimetric method. Moreover, with good recoveries, the developed spectroscopic procedures were applied to analyze amiodarone in its commercial tablets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Naftidrofuryl is a vasodilator medication used for treating cerebral and peripheral vascular diseases. In this study, two spectroscopical techniques, spectrofluorimetric and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), were utilized to quantify naftidrofuryl in its pharmaceutical samples. The developed methodologies in this study rely on a facile process of forming an association complex between erythrosine B reagent and naftidrofuryl under acidic conditions. The fluorimetric assay is based on the ability of naftidrofuryl to quench and decrease the native fluorescence intensity of the reagent when measured at λemis. = 550 nm (λexcit. = 526 nm). Under similar reaction conditions, the RRS method relies on the observed amplification in the RRS spectrum of the reagent at a wavelength of 577 nm following its interaction with naftidrofuryl. The methods exhibited linearity within the ranges 0.2–1.6 μg/ml (r2 = 0.999) and 0.1–1.4 μg/ml (r2 = 0.9994), with limit of quantitation values of 0.146 and 0.099 μg/ml, and limit of detection values of 0.048 and 0.032 μg/ml, for the fluorometric and the RRS methods, respectively. Moreover, the quenching between the dye and naftidrofuryl was studied using Stern–Volmer analysis, and the methodologies were experimentally optimized and validated. Additionally, acceptable recoveries were achieved when the procedures were applied to determine naftidrofuryl in pharmaceutical samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biogenic nanoarchitectured magnetic materials have drawn serious attention throughout the last decade. We have attempted the Helleborus niger flower extract functionalized and templated biogenic synthesis of Cu nanoparticles supported Fe3O4 as a likewise novel material. The plant phytomolecules were deployed as a non-toxic sustainable reductant and an outstanding capping agent to stabilize the synthesized NPs. The synthesized Cu/H.niger@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was undergone comprehensive characterizations through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) techniques. The material was catalytically explored in the synthesis of diverse pyrano[3,2-c]chromene derivatives by coupling 4-hydroxycoumarin, malononitrile and a range of aldehydes in hot water when it afforded excellent yields. Based on its core magnetism, the catalyst was easily recovered using a magnet and reused for 8 successive times without considerable loss in catalytic activity. After the chemical application, the synthesized Cu/H.niger@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was engaged in biological assays like study of anti-oxidant properties by DPPH mediated free radical scavenging test using BHT as a reference molecule. Thereafter, on having a significant IC50 value in radical scavenging assay, we extended the bio-application of the desired nanocomposite in anticancer study of A549 and H358 human lung cell lines in-vitro through MTT assay. The cell viability of malignant lung cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of desired nanocomposite. So, these results suggest that synthesized Cu/H.niger@Fe3O4 as a chemotherapeutic nanomaterial have a suitable anticancer activity against lung cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the tremendous development within the information technology systems, we still need the continued development of these systems whereas, the problem is that there are many obstacles and problems facing the application of information and communication technology systems. The major motivation was that these high performance computing resources have been expensive and hard to get access to, so the starting point was to use federated resources that could comprise compute, storage and network resources from multiple geographically distributed institutions, and such resources are generally heterogeneous and dynamic. Also the main challenge for efficient scaling of applications is the location of the data relative to the available computational resources while moving the data repeatedly to distant CPUs is becoming the bottleneck. This research will throw light on the future Internet Computing will be towards Cloud Computing centralized, in which storage, computing, and all kind of other resources will mainly be provisioned by the Cloud, we envision that the next-generation Internet Computing will take the triangle model shown in Figure 4: Internet Computing will be centralized around Data, Clouding Computing, as well as Client Computing. We propose an efficient approach to reduce the cost of computing, increase reliability, and increase flexibility by transforming computers from something that we buy and operate ourselves to something that is operated by a third party, The application results reveal the effectiveness of proposed method to achieve a better cost with the advances of multi-core technology, the coming decade will bring the possibilities of having a desktop supercomputer with 100s to 1000s of hardware threads/cores. Furthermore, many end-users will have various hardware driven end-functionalities, such as visualization and multimedia playback, which will typically run locally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bone tissue engineering is an advanced field for treatment of fractured bones to restore/regulate biological functions. Biopolymeric/bioceramic-based hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds are potential biomaterials for bone tissue because of biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics. We report synthesis of nanocomposite based on acrylic acid (AAc)/guar gum (GG), nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp NPs), titanium nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), and optimum graphene oxide (GO) amount via free radical polymerization method. Porous scaffolds were fabricated through freeze-drying technique and coated with silver sulphadiazine. Different techniques were used to investigate functional group, crystal structural properties, morphology/elemental properties, porosity, and mechanical properties of fabricated scaffolds. Results show that increasing amount of TiO2 in combination with optimized GO has improved physicochemical and microstructural properties, mechanical properties (compressive strength (2.96 to 13.31 MPa) and Young's modulus (39.56 to 300.81 MPa)), and porous properties (pore size (256.11 to 107.42 μm) and porosity (79.97 to 44.32%)). After 150 min, silver sulfadiazine release was found to be ~94.1%. In vitro assay of scaffolds also exhibited promising results against mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell lines. Hence, these fabricated scaffolds would be potential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering in biomedical engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]