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A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful tool in investigating genetic contribution, which is a crucial factor in the development of complex multifactorial diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major healthcare burden in the Western Pacific region; however, there is limited availability of genetic‐associated data for type 2 diabetes in Southeast Asia, especially among the Kinh Vietnamese population. This lack of information exacerbates global healthcare disparities. In this study, 997 Kinh Vietnamese individuals (503 with type 2 diabetes and 494 controls) were prospectively recruited and their clinical and paraclinical information was recorded. DNA samples were collected and whole genome genotyping was performed. Standard quality control and genetic imputation using the 1000 Genomes database were executed. A polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes was generated in different models using East Asian, European, and mix ancestry GWAS summary statistics as training datasets. After quality control and genetic imputation, 107 polymorphisms reached suggestive statistical significance for GWAS (≤5 × 10−6) and rs11079784 was one of the potential markers strongly associated with type 2 diabetes in the studied population. The best polygenic risk score model predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus had AUC = 0.70 (95% confidence interval = 0.62–0.77) based on a mix of ancestral GWAS summary statistics. These data show promising results for genetic association with a polygenic risk score estimation in the Kinh Vietnamese population; the results also highlight the essential role of population diversity in a GWAS of type 2 diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Genetic factors play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, few genetic association studies related to these disorders have been performed with Vietnamese subjects. In this study, the potential associations of ADIPOQ single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with T2DM and MetS in a Kinh Vietnamese population were investigated. Patients and Methods: A study with 768 subjects was conducted to examine the associations of four ADIPOQ SNPs (rs266729, rs1501299, rs3774261, and rs822393) primarily with T2DM and secondarily with MetS. The TaqMan SNP genotyping assay was used to determine genotypes from subjects' DNA samples. Results: After statistical adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, the ADIPOQ SNP rs266729 was found to be associated with increased risk of T2DM under multiple inheritance models: codominant (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.16– 4.58), recessive (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.11– 4.26), and log-additive (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02– 1.70). However, rs1501299, rs3774261, and rs822393 were not associated with risk for T2DM. Additionally, rs266729, rs3774261, and rs822393 were statistically associated with MetS, while rs1501299 was not. Haplotype analysis showed a strong linkage disequilibrium between the SNP pairs rs266729/rs822393 and rs1501299/rs3774261, and the haplotype rs266729(G)/rs822393(T) was not statistically associated with MetS. Conclusion: The results show that rs266729 is a lead candidate SNP associated with increased risk of developing T2DM and MetS in a Kinh Vietnamese population, while rs3774261 is associated with MetS only. Further functional characterization is needed to uncover the mechanism underlying the potential genotype–phenotype associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Genetic mutations of PROC and PROS1 are well‐known risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the Asian population. However, the genetic profile of Vietnamese patients with DVT remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of genetic mutations of these two genes in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT. Materials and methods: A total of 50 Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT were recruited in this study. The entire coding regions of the protein C and protein S genes were amplified and directly sequenced to determine genetic alterations. Results: Four and six genetic mutations were detected in protein C and protein S genes, respectively, in 24 Vietnamese DVT patients. PROC c.565C > T (p.R189W) was the most common mutation found in 13 out of 50 patients, while the mutations of PROS1 comprised three missense and three nonsense variants which diffuse along the gene. Conclusions: This study shows that mutations of protein C and protein S genes are prevalent in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic DVT, and PROC c.565C > T (p.R189W) was the most common genetic alteration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The interest in the possibility of CRM application in the public sector has begun to emerge again recently with the development of e-government. In this paper, we show the optimistic support to the application of the CRM implementation in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, we attempted to explore the potentials of CRM application in public sectors by reviewing the existing literature on the traditional CRM concepts as well as in the context of government over the last decades. Findings: CRM has not been utilised commonly by governments due to the number of complexities that needed to be more investigated and fixed by resolutions. A number of researchers have figured out the big gaps between private and public sectors which lead to difficulties in apply CRM in public services. Social implications: This paper would be the initial foundation for our coming empirical research to get more insights into this area as we do believe that the implementation of CRM in the public sector is an emerging research potential that is valuable and significantly beneficial to the scientific innovation relating to government operation. Originality/value: The paper reviewed existing findings to provide a better understanding of the field and figured out the main potentials of CRM in promoting government reputation, engaging citizens to the operating system, and improving the quality of service delivery in the public services system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping displays the particular characteristics of HLA alleles and haplotype frequencies in each population. Although it is considered the current gold standard for HLA typing, high-resolution sequence-based HLA typing is currently unavailable in Kinh Vietnamese populations. In this study, high-resolution sequence-based HLA typing (3-field) was performed using an amplicon-based next-generation sequencing platform to identify the HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 alleles of 101 unrelated healthy Kinh Vietnamese individuals from southern Vietnam. A total of 28 HLA-A, 41 HLA-B, 21 HLA-C, 26 HLA-DRB1, and 25 HLA-DQB1 alleles were identified. The most frequently occurring HLA alleles were A∗11:01:01, B∗15:02:01, C∗07:02:01, DRB1∗12:02:01, and DQB1∗03:01:01. Haplotype calculation showed that A∗29:01:01∼B∗07:05:01, DRB1∗12:02:01∼DQB1∗3:01:01, A∗29:01:01∼C∗15:05:02∼B∗07:05:01, A∗33:03:01∼B∗58:01:01∼DRB1∗03:01:01, and A∗29:01:01∼C∗15:05:02∼B∗07:05:01∼DRB1∗10:01:01∼DQB1∗05:01:01 were the most common haplotypes in the southern Kinh Vietnamese population. Allele distribution and haplotype analyses demonstrated that the Vietnamese population shares HLA features with South-East Asians but retains unique characteristics. Data from this study will be potentially applicable in medicine and anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]