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Here, we report a novel PROS1 splicing mutation in a patient with type I protein S deficiency. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of pathogenic splicing variants at the mRNA level was performed by long-range PCR-based targeted DNA and RNA sequencing. A base substitution in the exon 4 splicing donor site activates a potential splicing donor site in intron 4, resulting in an in-frame insertion of 48 bases (16 amino acids). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products (Glycer-AGEs) have a strong binding affinity for their cognate receptor and elicit oxidative stress and inflammation. However, it remains unknown whether the levels of Glycer-AGEs correlate with the severity of cardiac function and heart failure in patients with diabetic adverse cardiac remodeling (DbCR). Fourteen heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without other cardiac disorders (DbCR group) were enrolled. Another 14 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) without DM were served as a control (DCM group). All patients were assessed for serum Glycer-AGEs, nitrotyrosine (NT), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and for plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated by echocardiography. Results: The mean serum levels of Glycer-AGEs, NT, and TNFα in the DbCR group were significantly higher than those in the DCM group (for Glycer-AGEs, p =.0073; for NT, p =.005; for TNFα, p <.0001, respectively). In the patients with DbCR, the levels of serum Glycer-AGEs and TNFα were closely associated with LVEF and BNP values. Conclusions: Both Glycer-AGEs and TNFα showed close associations with LVEF and the levels of BNP in patients with DbCR. Glycer-AGEs and TNFα may play a pathological role in the development of DbCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Endothelial dysfunction caused by oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of vasospastic angina pectoris (VSAP). Glutamate causes endothelial dysfunction by generating oxidative stress, and it inhibits cystine import into endothelial cells via the cystine/glutamate antiporter (XC–), which leads to depletion of antioxidant glutathione. However, whether glutamate and cystine are implicated in the pathogenesis of VSAP remains unclear. We investigated plasma glutamate and cystine levels, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity in non-smoker patients with VSAP to determine whether glutamate and cystine are associated with the development of VSAP. We assessed 49 non-smokers assigned to groups with (n = 27) and without (n = 22) VSAP, and also measured plasma glutamate, cystine, nitrotyrosine, reactive oxygen metabolites and biological antioxidant potential. Results. Plasma glutamate and cystine values were significantly higher in the group with, than without VSAP (59.8 ± 25.7 vs. 43.5 ± 18.7 µmol/L, p =.016 and 35.3 ± 14.2 vs. 25.2 ± 9.1 µmol/L, p =.0056, respectively). Plasma glutamate and cystine values were significantly and positively associated (r = 0.32, p =.027). Levels of the oxidative stress markers nitrotyrosine and reactive oxygen metabolites, and biological antioxidant potential of as a measure of antioxidant capacity, did not significantly differ between the two groups. However, glutamate and biological antioxidant potential values were significantly and negatively associated (r = −0.3, p =.036). Conclusion. Plasma glutamate levels were increased in patients with VSAP who did not smoke, and they were positively associated with plasma cystine and negatively associated with the biological antioxidant potential levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using acid–base assays and simple slow evaporation method at ambient temperature, we were successful in producing a novel salt with the chemical formula (C5H14N2)[HgCl4]·H2O. According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction data, the crystal packing was regulated by H-bonds and by Coulomb interactions (also called electrostatic interactions) between distinct entities, which formed a 3D network. The 2D fingerprint plots and the Hirshfeld surface were utilized to examine the effect of intermolecular interactions. FTIR spectroscopy, PL spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and electrical conductivity experiments were also carried out, and the antioxidant activity was tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bis(2-amino-4-methylpyrimidinium) hexachlorodicuprate(II), (C5H8N3)2[Cu2Cl6], contains a centrosymmetric hexachlorodicuprate group where each Cu atom is coordinated to two bridging Cl atoms in a slightly distorted square planar geometry. There are short contacts between neighboring [Cu2Cl6]2− dimer units. In the crystal, cations and anions are connected by N–H···Cl and C–H···Cl hydrogen bonds into layers parallel to ( 10 2 ¯ ). Hirshfeld surface analyses and fingerprint plots are used for decoding intermolecular interactions in the crystal network and contribution of component units for the construction of the 3D architecture. The vibrational absorption bands were identified by infrared spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pseudo‐hexacoordinated organo‐pnictogen(III) compounds tris[2‐(2‐pyridyl)phenyl]stibine [(ppy)3Sb, 1] and tris[2‐(2‐pyridyl)phenyl]bismuthine [(ppy)3Bi, 2], which bear three 2‐phenylpyridine (ppy) ligands, were prepared and isolated from the reaction of 2‐(2‐lithiophenyl)pyridine with the corresponding pnictogen(III) chloride (PnCl3; Pn = Sb, Bi). Compounds 1 and 2 were characterized using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Their solid‐state structures were determined using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, which revealed similar pseudo‐hexacoordinated, distorted facial octahedral bonding geometries around the central pnictogen atoms, wherein the three pyridyl groups coordinate to the pnictogen atoms via three weak LP(N)→σ*(Pn–C) donor–acceptor interactions. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM) analyses were used to characterize the weak ionic interactions between the nitrogen and pnictogen atoms. The HOMOs of 1 and 2 correspond to the lone pairs of electrons on the central pnictogen atom, which indicates that these compounds can be classified as 14–Pn–6 chemical species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Northeast Thailand experienced a rubber boom that began in the 2000s with a sudden swing away from the trend toward sustainable forest management that had been widely accepted by society in the 1990s. The rapid expansion of rubber cultivation caused various ecological changes in the farmers' living environment. Faced with environmental issues, various actors in society were reluctant to take the measures necessary to stop these changes, even when there were legal provisions to do so. Among the bureaucracy, agriculture agencies were indifferent to deforestation and, in some cases, gave subsidies to non-titled lands despite regulations against this. Conservation agencies hesitated to regulate illegal cultivation strictly in the forestlands. At the study site, the Tambon Administration Organization stressed the importance of forest conservation but never criticized or prevented rubber cultivation. Villagers reached no consensus on regulating forest clearing or herbicide use but changed their customs to allow the enclosure of non-timber forest resources in private forests. Various actors, without mutual communication, perceived a political atmosphere in which poor people's hopes of a socioeconomic upgrade via rubber could not be denied under the conditions of electoral politics, despite environmental degradation. These were all elements of the rubber boom assemblage. The friction arising from rubber cultivation combined with anxiety regarding environmental degradation became internalized in the actors because the forces driving the rubber boom were so powerful. Therefore, at a glance, all actors suddenly seemed to become optimistic about rubber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A coordination polymer, bis(glycolato)nickel(II) ([Ni(HOCH2COO)2]), has an S = 1 Heisenberg two-dimensional square planar-lattice type magnetic network. Single crystals of this material were successively grown from aqueous solutions including nickel acetate and glycolic acid in air. Low-temperature structural analyses revealed that this material showed no structural phase transition in the low temperature region, which was observed in the copper derivative, isostructural with this material. Magnetic measurements revealed the dominance of antiferromagnetic interactions with J/kB = 15.8 K and an anomaly at approximately 30 K that correspond to a paramagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic ordering transition. Heat-capacity measurements using the single crystals found a λ-type anomaly at 27.1 K, associated with the magnetic transition. The magnetic entropy ΔS was 8.85 J K−1 mol−1, which is close to the theoretical value for the magnetic ordering of S = 1 spin, 9.13 J K−1 mol−1. Magnetic properties of [M(HOCH2COO)2] (M = Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)) drastically depend on their metal ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two-dimensional quadratic lattice magnet, bis(glycolato)cobalt(ii) ([Co(HOCH2CO2)2]), showed antiferromagnetic ordering at 15.0 K and an abrupt increase in magnetisation at H = 22 600 Oe and 2 K, thereby acting as a metamagnet. Heat capacity measurements revealed that the associated entropy change ΔS around the transition temperature was evaluated to be 6.20 J K−1 mol−1 and that the Co(ii) ion had the total angular momentum of J = 1/2 at low temperatures. Neutron diffraction studies suggested that the magnetic moment vectors of the Co(ii) ions had an amplitude of 3.59μB and were not aligned in a fully antiparallel fashion to those of their neighbours, which caused canting between the magnetic moment vectors in the sheet. The canting angle was determined to be 7.1°. Canting induced net magnetisation in the sheet, but this magnetisation was cancelled between sheets. The magnetisations in the sheets were oriented parallel to the magnetic field at the critical magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new coordination compound, [Cu(H2PO4)2(C12N2H8)H2O]·2H2O, was prepared and characterized by physico-chemical studies. In this monomeric complex, the central Cu(II) atom is in a square pyramidal environment and chelated by two nitrogen atoms of 1,10-phenanthroline, two dihydrogeno-monophosphate oxygen atoms and one water oxygen atom. Intermolecular interactions were investigated by Hirshfeld surfaces. The 31P NMR spectrum of this paramagnetic complex displays a relatively sharp peak at 2,070 ppm. The vibrational absorption bands were identified by infrared spectroscopy. Electronic properties such as HOMO and LUMO energies were derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: As there have been no reports concerning the relationship between incontinence and disease severity in patients in the prehospital setting, a retrospective investigation examined this relationship using data from Shimoda Fire Department. Method: Patients who were transported by Shimoda Fire Department from January 2019 to December 2021 were investigated. The following details of the subjects were collected: age, sex, contents of incontinence, season of transportation, weather, wind speed, temperature, place of collapse, scene time, classification of disease, disease severity (as judged by a physician at a receiving hospital) and mortality rate at the initial treatment. The subjects were divided into groups based on the existence of incontinence at the scene or not (Incontinence [+] and Incontinence [-]). We compared the variables mentioned above between these groups. Results: There were 499 cases with incontinence and 8,241 cases without incontinence. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to weather and wind speed. The average age, percentage of male patients, percentage of cases in the winter season, rate of collapse at home, scene time, rate of endogenous disease, disease severity, and mortality rate in the Incontinence (+) group were significantly greater in comparison to the Incontinence (-) group, while the average temperature in the Incontinence (+) group was significantly lower than that in the Incontinence (-) group. Regarding the rates of incontinence of each disease, neurologic, infectious, endocrinal disease, dehydration, suffocation and cardiac arrest at the scene had more than twice the rate of incontinence in other conditions. Conclusion: This is the first study to report that patients with incontinence at the scene tended to be older, showed a male predominance, severe disease, high mortality, and required a long scene time in comparison to patients without incontinence. Prehospital care providers should therefore check for incontinence when evaluating patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals of copper hydroxide compounds (1–7) containing organic sulfonate ions (ethane-1,2-disulfonate, 1-octanesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, p-ethylbenzenesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate, and 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonate, respectively) were easily prepared by the hydrolysis of copper acetate aqueous solution containing the respective organic sulfonates. All seven compounds had distorted diamond chain magnetic networks similar to that found in azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2). The diamond chain units were composed of copper, hydroxide, and acetate ions and water molecules (with additional sulfonate ions in the case of 7). The anions or molecules bridged the neighbouring copper ions, and might mediate superexchange interactions between copper atoms. The chain units did not have the same structure, and were slightly different in their Cu–O bond lengths, Cu–O–Cu bridging angles and so on. Magnetic measurements revealed primarily antiferromagnetic interactions between the neighbouring copper ions and no antiferromagnetic ordering. The χpvs. T plots showed broad maxima at around 60–80 K that are characteristic of low-dimensional magnetic networks. Compounds 1–6 were paramagnetic down to 2 K, while 7 had a diamagnetic ground state. The different magnetic properties are due to the small structural differences in the diamond chain units, because the sign and intensity of magnetic coupling between the neighbouring copper ions are sensitive to the bridging structures. Copper hydroxide compounds with different organic ions and diverse structures prepared by this hydrolysis method will facilitate the systematic study of the underlying diamond chain magnetic networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bis(glycolato)copper(ii) [Cu(HOCH2CO2)2] shows a structural phase transition around 220 K under cooling and 270 K under heating, and ferromagnetic ordering at 1.1 K. Deuterium substitution of the hydroxyl groups in it induced a large shift in the structural transition temperature while no shift in the ferromagnetic transition temperature took place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether (11)C-hydroxyephedrine ((11)C-HED) can predict adverse events including all-cause death in Japanese patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Background: Although (11)C-HED PET has been used to assess cardiac sympathetic innervation in various disease conditions, data on their prognostic value are limited. Methods: Sixty patients (mean LVEF, 42 ± 14 %) with LV dysfunction (42 ischemic and 18 non-ischemic heart disease) underwent (11)C-HED PET. Myocardial retention was calculated for (11)C-HED PET as a measure of cardiac sympathetic neuronal integrity. Statistical analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression and log-rank test. Results: Thirteen deaths (7 cardiac and 6 non-cardiac deaths) occurred during a mean follow-up period of 33 ± 23 months. The patients with death were associated with significantly lower (11)C-HED retention (7.1 ± 2.1 vs 9.0 ± 2.4, p = 0.015) than those without death. The hazard ratio for global (11)C-HED retention per unit (/min) was 0.762 (p = 0.039), which remained significant in multivariate analysis. When the patients were divided into the high (≥8.5) and low (<8.5) (11)C-HED retention groups, the low (11)C-HED retention group was associated with significantly poorer survival than the high (11)C-HED retention group (p = 0.004). Conclusion: The low global (11)C-HED retention is a marker of poor overall survival in patients with LV dysfunction in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals of layered copper hydroxides, 1–4, with aromatic sulfonate ions, p-toluenesulfonate, p-ethylbenzenesulfonate, 1-naphthalenesulfonate and 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate, respectively, were conveniently prepared by hydrolysis of aqueous copper acetate solutions containing the organic sulfonates. X-ray structure analyses revealed that these compounds had alternating stacks of copper hydroxide layers and aggregated layers of the organic ions. The atomic alignment of their copper hydroxide layers was similar to that of the inorganic layer of hydrotalcite, [Mg6Al2(OH)16]·CO3·16H2O. However, their copper hydroxide layers were not isostructural among 1–4. In the copper hydroxide layers, not only hydroxide ions but also water molecules, acetate ions or the organic sulfonate ions were coordinated to the copper ions. The copper ions exhibited an elongated octahedral geometry in 1 and 2, and an elongated octahedral or square pyramidal geometry in 3 and 4. The organic ions formed a bilayer arrangement in 1 and 2, and a monolayer arrangement in 3 and 4. Magnetic measurements revealed primarily antiferromagnetic interactions between neighbouring copper ions. The magnetic behaviours of these materials resembled the antiferromagnetic ordering behaviour at low temperatures. The maximum values of χp were observed at 3.8 K, 3.5 K, 3.2 K and 9.1 K for 1–4, respectively. The exchange coupling constants were estimated from an S = 1/2 Heisenberg model with a two-dimensional triangular lattice magnetic network, where J/kB = 42.2 K, 36.8 K, 80.1 K and 84.9 K for 1–4, respectively. The magnetic differences in these materials are due to the structural differences in their copper hydroxide layers. Thus, it was demonstrated that hydrolysis methods are suitable for the preparation of single crystals of various copper hydroxide derivatives with organic anions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the crystal structure and magnetic properties of an organic radical cation salt, BBDTA ·Cl, based on the monocation of benzo[1,2- d:4,5- d′]bis[1,3,2]dithiazolyl (BBDTA) with one unpaired electron (spin quantum number S = 1/2) and a chloride anion. This material exhibits paramagnetic behavior with strong antiferromagnetic interactions between the radical species at around room temperature and a paramagnetic-to-diamagnetic phase transition with no thermal hysteresis at around 150 K. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the BBDTA+ cations form two types of regular π-stacking columns and short interatomic contacts between the columns at 200 K. At 90 K, lattice distortion is observed that accompanies the dimerization of the BBDTA+ cations in the π-stacking columns. This indicates that the origin of the magnetic change can be related to the structural change. The lattice parameters decreased monotonically and continuously with decrease in temperature around the transition temperature, whereas the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve did not indicate any peak that corresponded to lateral heat. This essentially suggests second-order characteristics of the phase transition. Molecular-orbital calculations reveal that the magnetic interactions between the neighboring BBDTA+ cations in the π-stacking column are much stronger than the magnetic interactions between the columns, thereby suggesting that this material has one-dimensional magnetic characteristics in the higher-temperature region. This can be related to the spin-Peierls-like transition at around 150 K, in contrast to first-order characteristics of paramagnetic-to-diamagnetic phase transitions in some organic radicals with structural features similar to that of BBDTA ·Cl. Differences in the phase-transition character between them have also been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A coordination polymer with a two-dimensional square planar lattice network, bis(glycolato)copper(ii), shows a large structural phase transition at around 220 K and ferromagnetic ordering at 1.1 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low-temperature properties of single crystals of SmTa2Al20 have been studied by electrical resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat measurements. A ?-type peak structure, indicating a phase transition, was found in the specific heat at Tx = 2.0 K. From an analysis of the nuclear specific heat contribution, the ordered moment is estimated to be 0.22µB/Sm, which is largely suppressed from 0.84µB/Sm for a free Sm3+ ion. The Kondo-like -log T dependence of resistivity and the suppressed effective magnetic moment of 0.09µB/Sm above Tx indicate strong c-f hybridization. The largely enhanced specific heat divided by temperature of about 3 J/(molK²) below 0.4K suggests the formation of extremely heavy quasiparticles in the ordered state. A notable feature commonly observed in all of these behaviors is robustness against magnetic fields. We discuss the possible relevance of multipole moments in the quartet ground state to the robustness against magnetic fields [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sympathetic innervation, contractile function, and the oxidative metabolism of the non-infarcted myocardium in patients with prior myocardial infarction. Methods: In 19 patients (14 men, 5 women, 65 ± 9 years) after prior myocardial infarction, sympathetic innervation was assessed by C-hydroxyephedrine (HED) positron emission tomography (PET). Oxidative metabolism was quantified using C-acetate PET. Left ventricular systolic function was measured by echocardiography with speckle tracking technique. Results: The C-HED retention was positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ( r = 0.566, P < 0.05), and negatively with peak longitudinal strain in systole in the non-infarcted myocardium ( r = −0.561, P < 0.05). Kmono, as an index of oxidative metabolism, was significantly correlated with rate pressure product ( r = 0.649, P < 0.01), but not with C-HED retention ( r = 0.188, P = 0.442). Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between Kmono and LVEF ( r = 0.106, P = 0.666) or peak longitudinal strain in systole ( r = −0.256, P = 0.291) in the non-infarcted myocardium. When the patients were divided into two groups based on the median value of left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI) (41 mL), there were no significant differences in age, sex, and rate pressure product between the groups. However, the large LVESVI group (>41 mL) was associated with reduced C-HED retention and peak longitudinal strain in systole, whereas Kmono was similar between the groups. Conclusions: This study indicates that remodeled LV after myocardial infarction is associated with impaired sympathetic innervation and function even in the non-infarcted myocardial tissue. Furthermore, oxidative metabolism in the non-infarcted myocardium seems to be operated by normal regulatory mechanisms rather than pre-synaptic sympathetic neuronal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prepared single crystals of basic copper formate Cu2(OH)3HCO2 ( 1) by hydrolysis of formate anions in an aqueous solution of copper formate. X-ray structure analysis showed that this material has a two-dimensional triangular lattice network with S=1/2. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility revealed antiferromagnetic ordering at 5.4 K. A spin-flop transition was observed at about 20 kOe at 2 K, thereby indicating metamagnetic-like behavior. The saturation magnetization was almost one-half of the theoretical value at 2 K under 70 kOe. The magnetic behaviors of 1 were also discussed with regard to its crystal structure. The preparation method presented herein is convenient and available for single crystal growth of metal hydroxide derivatives with various anions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new [dithiazolylium] x [M(tdas) 2 ] salts are reported (tdas = 1,2,5-thiadiazole-3,4-dithiole). Single-crystal X-ray structures have been obtained for [BDTA] 2 [Fe(tdas) 2 Cl] (1) and [BDTA] 2 [Ni(tdas) 2 ] (2) (BDTA = benzo-1,3,2-dithiazolyl). These are the first examples of integrated anion-cation stacking motifs for [M(tdas) 2 ] x- complexes, as well as the first example of a nondimerized [Fe(tdas) 2 ] - material. [BBDTA][Fe(tdas) 2 ] (3) (BBDTA = benzo-bis-1,3,2-dithiazolyl) is also reported, and the magnetic properties of (1) and (3) have been analyzed, showing (1) to be paramagnetic and (3) to have a mixture of dimer and Curie–Weiss behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical preparation, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and spectroscopic characterization of the novel cadmium (II) 2,5-dichloro-p-phenylendiaminium decachlorotricadmate(II) hexahydrate complex, (C6H8Cl2N2)2[Cd3Cl10]·6H2O, has been reported. The atomic arrangement can be described as built up by an anionic framework, formed by edge-sharing [CdCl6]2− octahedra in linear polymeric chains spreading along the a-axis, while the organic cations surround these latters. The inspection of the Hirshfeld surface analysis helps to discuss the strength of hydrogen bonds and to quantify the inter-contacts, which reveal that H...Cl/Cl...H (38.9%), H...H (13.9%), and Cd...Cl/Cl...Cd (12.4%) are the main interactions that govern the crystal packing of the studied structure. SEM/EDXwas carried out and the powder XRD confirmed the good crystallinity of the material. FT-IR and the DFT calculation reveal the good correlation between the experimental and the theoretical wavenumbers. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap was used to predict the electric conductivity of the compound. Finally, the thermal TGA/DTA analysis shows stability until 380 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1, 3, 2, 4, 5, go! A new dithiolene ligand, 1,3,2 ‐ dithiazole ‐ 4 ‐ thione ‐ 5 ‐ thiolate (dttt−), which is a stable and diamagnetic monoanion, was prepared. Its tris(dithiolene) complex Cr(dttt)3⋅CS2 is octahedral and forms a dimer through intermolecular interatomic S⋅⋅⋅S and S⋅⋅⋅C contacts in its crystalline state. Magnetic measurements of the complex revealed paramagnetism with intradimer ferromagnetic and interdimer antiferromagnetic interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]