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This final article about the CHOOZ experiment presents a complete description of the &νmacr;e source and detector, the calibration methods and stability checks, the event reconstruction procedures and the Monte Carlo simulation. The data analysis, systematic effects and the methods used to reach our conclusions are fully discussed. Some new remarks are presented on the deduction of the confidence limits and on the correct treatment of systematic errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Il Nuovo Cimento: A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The existence of a violation of the Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry in the laws of physics is one of the cornerstone conditions for the generation of a matter–antimatter imbalance necessary to the creation of a matter-dominated universe. The first experimental evidence of the fact that this symmetry is broken in nature was obtained in 1964 in the observations of the decays of neutral kaon mesons. The magnitude of CP violation in the quark sector was measured with an increasing precision exploring also decays of other mesons. However, CP violation in the quark sector alone is not sufficient to explain the formation of matter-dominated universe, and additional sources are required. One such potential source is the lepton sector, where the CP violation could be observed by studying neutrino oscillations with neutrino beams generated by particle accelerators. This article reviews the present efforts in this direction. The results obtained in the ongoing experiments, T2K in Japan and NOvA in USA, are discussed. Additionally, the search for leptonic CP violation is one of the key goals in the programs of future experiments, DUNE in USA and Hyper-Kamiokande in Japan. These experiments and their prospects for its discovery are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this research was to examine the impact of solution-oriented group counseling on enhancing job burnout and resilience among working women who seek assistance from counseling centers in Bushehr. Methods: The research employed a semi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design, including a control group. The statistical population for this study consisted of all working women who sought counseling services in Bushehr during the first six months of 1402. The sample size consisted of 30 individuals who were selected using purposive sampling and assigned to either the experimental or control group. The research utilized the solution-oriented group counseling protocol developed by Riahiniya (2013), as well as the job burnout questionnaires created by Moslesh (1981) and the resilience questionnaire developed by Connor and Davidson (2003). Results: The results indicated that solution-oriented group counseling led to improvements in all components of job burnout, specifically emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and individual performance, for the experimental group compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated improvements in various aspects of resilience, such as competence, personal strength, trust in personal instincts, tolerance of negative emotions, positive acceptance of emotions, safe relationships, and control of security, compared to the control group. Conclusions:. In conclusion, this research suggests that the implementation of solutionoriented group counseling can contribute to the enhancement of job burnout and resilience among working women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid scintillators are extensively employed as targets in neutrino experiments and in medical radiography. Perovskite nanocrystals are recognized for their tunable emission spectra and high photoluminescence quantum yields. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using perovskites as an alternative to fluor, a substance that shifts the wavelengths. The liquid scintillator candidates were synthesized by doping perovskite nanocrystals with emission wavelengths of 450, 480, and 510 nm into fluor PPO with varying nanocrystal concentrations in a toluene solvent. The several properties of the perovskite nanocrystal-doped liquid scintillator were measured and compared with those of a secondary wavelength shifter, bis-MSB. The emission spectra of the perovskite nanocrystal-doped liquid scintillator exhibited a distinct monochromatic wavelength, indicating energy transfer from PPO to the perovskite nanocrystals. Using a 60 Co radioactive source setup with two photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), the light yields, pulse shape, and wavelength shifts of the scintillation events were measured. The light yields were evaluated based on the observed Compton edges from γ -rays, and compared across the synthesized samples. A decrease (or increase) in area-normalized PMT pulse height was observed at higher perovskite nanocrystal (or PPO) concentrations. The results demonstrated the sufficient potential of perovskite nanocrystals as an alternative to traditional wavelength shifters in a liquid scintillator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The time–energy uncertainty relation (TEUR) plays a fundamental role in quantum mechanics, as it allows the grasping of peculiar aspects of a variety of phenomena based on very general principles and symmetries of the theory. Using the Mandelstam–Tamm method, TEUR has recently been derived for neutrino oscillations by connecting the uncertainty in neutrino energy with the characteristic timescale of oscillations. Interestingly, the suggested interpretation of neutrinos as unstable-like particles has proved to naturally emerge in this context. Further aspects were later discussed in semiclassical gravity theory, by computing corrections to the neutrino energy uncertainty in a generic stationary curved spacetime, and in quantum field theory, where the clock observable turns out to be identified with the non-conserved flavor charge operator. In the present work, we give an overview on the above achievements. In particular, we analyze the implications of TEUR and explore the impact of gravitational and non-relativistic effects on the standard condition for neutrino oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate that the Finite-Time-Path Field Theory is an adequate tool for calculating neutrino oscillations. We apply this theory using a mass-mixing Lagrangian which involves the correct Dirac spin and chirality structure and a Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS)-like mixing matrix. The model is exactly solvable. The Dyson–Schwinger equations transform propagators of the input free (massless) flavor neutrinos into a linear combination of oscillating (massive) neutrinos. The results are consistent with the predictions of the PMNS matrix while allowing for extrapolation to early times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrino masses are yet unknown. We discuss the present state of effective electron antineutrino mass from β decay experiments; effective Majorana neutrino mass from neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments; neutrino mass squared differences from neutrino oscillation: solar, atmospheric, reactor, and accelerator-based experiments; sum of neutrino masses from cosmological observations. Current experimental challenges in the determination of neutrino masses are briefly discussed. The main focus is devoted to contemporary experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dilute MgZnYalloy with a mille-feuille structure (MFS) exhibits a mechanical strength comparable to MgZnYalloy with long period stacking/ordered (LPSO) structure through kink deformation. In order to deepen understanding the thermal stability of the MFS-type Mg alloys, it is required to clarify the solute cluster structures composed of Zn and Y in solute enriched stacking faults (SESFs). In this study, electron energy-loss and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy based on scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM-EELS/EDS) were conducted to investigate the electronic structure and composition of Zn and Y in the SESFs of the MFS-Mg alloy. Zn-L2,3 spectra indicated that the valence charges of Zn in the dilute Mg alloy were different from that of the LPSO-type MgZnYalloy. In addition, the intensity ratio of L3/L2 in Y-L2,3 spectrum of the dilute MFS-Mg alloy was larger than that of the LPSO-Mg alloy, reflecting the electron occupancies of 4d3/2 and 4d5/2 orbitals of Y atoms were different from those of the LPSO-Mg alloys. STEM-EELS analysis of the SESF composition in the dilute MFS-Mg alloy indicated that the Zn/Y ratio should be lower than that of the LPSO-Mg alloy, which was confirmed also by STEM-EDS measurements. These results indicate that the cluster structure in the SESFs of the dilute MFS-Mg alloy should be different from the ideal Zn6Y8 cluster in the LPSOtype MgZnY alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Writers' narrations of the city have always had a great and long-lasting influence on collective imaginaries and on people's urban experience. Sociology is debtor to urban novels that from XVII to XIX century anticipated the great themes of modernization process that deeply changed cities and urban culture. The analysis of the ways modern city has been narrated by writers take us to contemporary sociology and its major issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is frequently used in patients with early breast cancer. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated similar survival after NACT or adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). However, certain subtypes may benefit more when NACT contains regimes leading to high rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) rates. In this study we analyzed data using the OncoBox research from 94,638 patients treated in 55 breast cancer centers to describe the current clinical practice of and outcomes after NACT under routine conditions. These data were compared to patients treated with ACT. 40% of all patients received chemotherapy. The use of NACT increased over time from 5% in 2007 up to 17.3% in 2016. The proportion of patients receiving NACT varied by subtype. It was low in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer (5.8%). However, 31.8% of patients with triple-negative, 31.9% with HR-negative/HER2-positive, and 26.5% with HR-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer received NACT. The rates of pCR were higher in patients with HR-positive/HER2-positive, HR-negative/HER2-positive and triple-negative tumors (36, 53 and 38%) compared to HR-positive/HER2-negative tumors (12%). PCR was achieved more often in HER2-positive and triple-negative tumors over time. This is the largest study on use and effects of NACT in German breast cancer centers. It demonstrates the increased use of NACT based on recommendations in current clinical guidelines. An improvement of pCR was shown in particular in HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer, which is consistent with data from randomized controlled trails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoliberalism influences are evident in the editorial practices of many high-ranking scholarly journals. Given the importance that journals have in tenured/tenured-track academics' careers, they are an important arena to analyse and in which to implement best practices. I argue that Shari Stenberg's (2015) concept of feminist repurposing can be used to make visible the impacts of neoliberal practices and also helps to disrupt them by enacting different alternatives in the university system, of which scholarly journals are a part. In order to illustrate what a feminist ethics of editing would look like, I analyse the feminist-inspired practices of Computers and Composition's editorial staff. Drawing on published interviews and survey I administered, I show how feminist repurposing editorial roles from gatekeeper to colleague and mentor have beneficial impacts on the scholarship produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lenguaje y Textos is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Organic liquid scintillators have been used for decades in many neutrino physics experiments. They are particularly suited for the detection of low-energy neutrinos where energy and timing information is required. Organic liquid scintillators exhibit advantages such as high light yield, cost effectiveness, radio purity, and more. However, they also entail disadvantages, most prominently a lack of vertex resolution and particle identification. In recent years, various novel ideas have emerged to improve the performance of organic liquid scintillators. In this review, novel approaches to organic liquid scintillators in neutrino experiments as of 2022 are reviewed and their prospects and applications compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of e-Scripta Romanica is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The first examples of 1,5-naphthyridine-2,6-dione (NTD)-based n-type small molecules, NTDT-DCV and NTDP-DCV with an electron-withdrawing dicyanovinyl terminal unit and different aromatic bridging groups (thiophene and benzene, respectively), were synthesized and characterized. Two different bridging rings were incorporated to explore the structure–property relationship as well as to precisely control the electrical properties. Among them, NTDT-DCV exhibited a higher maximum electron mobility of 0.14 cm2 V−1 s−1 in organic thin-film transistors (OFETs), attributed to the planar structure, low reorganization energy, and well-connected smooth surface thin-films. To further demonstrate the n-type properties of NTDT-DCV, we have fabricated a p-type OFET device with overlaid NTDT-DCV nanopatches. While the pristine OFET with a p-type NTDT semiconductor showed a hole mobility of 1.29 cm2 V−1 s−1, that with an overlaid NTDT-DCV nanopatch showed an increased hole mobility of 2.41 cm2 V−1 s−1, ascribed to the appropriate energy level offset and efficient intermolecular charge-transfer doping interaction into the overlaid nanopatch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Faculty of Letters Journal of Social Sciences / Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The III/V semiconductor heterostructures are part of many devices. Often, interfaces play a crucial role as they influence charge carrier transport and recombination. The knowledge of the interface structure at an atomic level is vital for a controlled performance in the devices. In the present paper, to quantitatively evaluate the interface, high angle annular dark field (HAADF) imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is utilized. (Ga,In)P/GaAs has been chosen as an example material system, as this interface can be grown under many highly different conditions and as it is a lattice-matched interface. Moreover, as atoms with highly different atomic number form this interface, they can be used to study the influence of diffuse scattering in STEM HAADF on composition evaluation with atomic resolution. It is shown that the STEM HAADF image background intensity can significantly influence the characterization; therefore, a background intensity map subtraction method is also shown with the focus of applicability to the mixed III/V alloys and keeping atomic resolution. In this paper, we investigate four technologically relevant (Ga,In)P/GaAs interfaces grown at highly different conditions and correlate the revealed interfacial features as well as the chemical compositions with the growth conditions to optimize the growth processes. It is found that growth at 525 °C leads to sharper interfaces. A binary GaP interlayer between GaAs and (Ga,In)P can lead to more abrupt transitions at each sublattice, group III as well as group V; however, the interface becomes wider overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article draws on Michel de Certeau's notion of tactical resistance to examine the practices of reading and of using urban space in Raymond Queneau's Zazie dans le métro. Departing from formalist approaches that frame Queneau's Paris as a 'construction verbale,' I offer a historically situated analysis of the novel's representation of post-war Paris, demonstrating that the theme of semiotic instability, frequently explored in studies of the novel, reflects not only the author's preoccupations with language but also the social and cultural upheavals of its historical moment. The article first examines the Parisian metro's status as a uniquely legible site in the chaotic urban landscape of Zazie dans le métro in relation to the conflicting images of the metro as alternately a hellscape and a refuge in the post-war period. The article then shifts the usual critical focus on the eponymous Zazie's anarchic adventures on the city's surface to explore the transgressive détournements of subterranean urban space performed by a range of characters seeking to resist the dominant social order. The article closes with a discussion of underground Paris as a zone of ambiguity that eschews simple truths and rigid categories of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of IDP: Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica is the property of Universitat Oberta de Catalunya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The making of BaZrS3 thin films by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is demonstrated. BaZrS3 forms in the orthorhombic distorted‐perovskite structure with corner‐sharing ZrS6 octahedra. The single‐step MBE process results in films smooth on the atomic scale, with near‐perfect BaZrS3 stoichiometry and an atomically sharp interface with the LaAlO3 substrate. The films grow epitaxially via two competing growth modes: buffered epitaxy, with a self‐assembled interface layer that relieves the epitaxial strain, and direct epitaxy, with rotated‐cube‐on‐cube growth that accommodates the large lattice constant mismatch between the oxide and the sulfide perovskites. This work sets the stage for developing chalcogenide perovskites as a family of semiconductor alloys with properties that can be tuned with strain and composition in high‐quality epitaxial thin films, as has been long‐established for other systems including Si‐Ge, III‐Vs, and II‐VIs. The methods demonstrated here also represent a revival of gas‐source chalcogenide MBE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offshore wind energy is a growing industry in the United States, and renewable energy from offshore wind is estimated to double the country's total electricity generation. There is growing concern that land‐based wind development in North America is negatively impacting bat populations, primarily long‐distance migrating bats, but the impacts to bats from offshore wind energy are unknown. Bats are associated with the terrestrial environment, but have been observed over the ocean. In this review, we synthesize historic and contemporary accounts of bats observed and acoustically recorded in the North American marine environment to ascertain the spatial and temporal distribution of bats flying offshore. We incorporate studies of offshore bats in Europe and of bat behavior at land‐based wind energy studies to examine how offshore wind development could impact North American bat populations. We find that most offshore bat records are of long‐distance migrating bats and records occur during autumn migration, the period of highest fatality rates for long‐distance migrating bats at land‐based wind facilities in North America. We summarize evidence that bats may be attracted to offshore turbines, potentially increasing their exposure to risk of collision. However, higher wind speeds offshore can potentially reduce the amount of time that bats are exposed to risk. We identify knowledge gaps and hypothesize that a combination of operational minimization strategies may be the most effective approach for reducing impacts to bats and maximizing offshore energy production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the authors' pedagogical experience of exploiting digital narratives in a foreign language education at a modern university (on the basis of National Technical University of Ukraine "KPI" named after Igor Sikorsky). The study aims to consider multimodality in terms of foreign language didactics. It was designed by the constructivism theory and narratology in terms of teaching a foreign language. The research exploited the set of theoretical methods: analyzing, summarizing, and interpreting scholarly sources on the issue under scrutiny; generalization and conceptualization of the authors' pedagogical experience. Applying those methods in coherence logic enabled the effective study and interpretation of the concepts of "narrative" and "digital narrative" in their interrelations. In the study, the narrative is viewed as a sociocultural tool that provides students with deeper selfunderstanding, and complements the communicative system of foreign language acquisition with metacognition and values of life meaning. The digital narrative as a form of expression, empowered and determined by digital technologies incorporates multimodal communication and narrative as a cognitive unity. The authors have stated that multimodality, grounded on information technologies, is introducing entirely new semiotic resources into the communicative environment of foreign language learning. It is also generating innovative ways and forms of oral and written interaction. Multimodal learning activities illustrating the specifics of creating digital narratives by learners of English as a foreign language, are highlighted. The significance of the study lies in the fact that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is unquestionably a rather fertile condition for active implementing digital technologies into foreign language education, and developing different multimodal learning activities in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We fabricated SrRuO3/BaTiO3/GdScO3 heterostructures in which the BaTiO3 layer is one unit cell thick by pulsed laser deposition and elucidated how the BaTiO3 layer influences structural and magneto-transport properties of the SrRuO3 layer through octahedral connections across the heterointerface. Our X-ray-diffraction-based structural characterizations show that while an epitaxial SrRuO3 layer grown directly on a GdScO3 substrate is in the monoclinic phase with RuO3 octahedral tilts, a one-unit-cell-thick BaTiO3 layer inserted between SrRuO3 and GdScO3 stabilizes the tetragonal SrRuO3 layer with largely reduced RuO3 tilts. Our high-angle annular dark-field and annular bright-field scanning transmission electron microscopy observations provide an atomic-level view of the octahedral connections across the heterostructure and reveal that the BaTiO3 layer only one unit cell thick is thick enough to stabilize the RuO3-TiO3 octahedral connections with negligible in-plane oxygen atomic displacements. This results in no octahedral tilts propagating into the SrRuO3 layer and leads to the formation of a tetragonal SrRuO3 layer. The magneto-transport property characterizations also reveal a strong impact of the octahedral connections modified by the inserted BaTiO3 layer on the spin-orbit interaction of the SrRuO3 layer. The SrRuO3 layer on BaTiO3/ GdScO3 has in-plane magnetic anisotropy. This is in contrast to the magnetic anisotropy of the monoclinic SrRuO3 films on the GdScO3 substrate, in which the easy axis is ∼45° to the film surface normal. Our results demonstrate that the one-unit-cell-thick layer of BaTiO3 can control and manipulate the interfacial octahedral connection closely linked to the structure-property relationship of heterostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We fabricated SrRuO3/BaTiO3/GdScO3 heterostructures in which the BaTiO3 layer is one unit cell thick by pulsed laser deposition and elucidated how the BaTiO3 layer influences structural and magneto-transport properties of the SrRuO3 layer through octahedral connections across the heterointerface. Our X-ray-diffraction-based structural characterizations show that while an epitaxial SrRuO3 layer grown directly on a GdScO3 substrate is in the monoclinic phase with RuO6 octahedral tilts, a one-unit-cell-thick BaTiO3 layer inserted between SrRuO3 and GdScO3 stabilizes the tetragonal SrRuO3 layer with largely reduced RuO6 tilts. Our high-angle annular dark-field and annular bright-field scanning transmission electron microscopy observations provide an atomic-level view of the octahedral connections across the heterostructure and reveal that the BaTiO3 layer only one unit cell thick is thick enough to stabilize the RuO6-TiO6 octahedral connections with negligible in-plane oxygen atomic displacements. This results in no octahedral tilts propagating into the SrRuO3 layer and leads to the formation of a tetragonal SrRuO3 layer. The magneto-transport property characterizations also reveal a strong impact of the octahedral connections modified by the inserted BaTiO3 layer on the spin-orbit interaction of the SrRuO3 layer. The SrRuO3 layer on BaTiO3/ GdScO3 has in-plane magnetic anisotropy. This is in contrast to the magnetic anisotropy of the monoclinic SrRuO3 films on the GdScO3 substrate, in which the easy axis is ~45° to the film surface normal. Our results demonstrate that the one-unit-cell-thick layer of BaTiO3 can control and manipulate the interfacial octahedral connection closely linked to the structure-property relationship of heterostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two different models allowing the calculation of reaction products are confronted with data from α-particle induced reactions. Both models contain a pre-equilibrium part and an equilibrium or compound nucleus part. The models are the exciton model in form of a code written by the author and TALYS. The other model is the intranuclear cascade model in form of the Liege-Saclay formulation incorporated in the PHITS code. The data are angle-integrated proton spectra from reactions with α-particle energies below 720 MeV and excitation functions from multi neutron emission with α-particle energies below 200 MeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anisotropic in-plane lattice relaxation behavior of brownmillerite SrFeO2.5 epitaxial thin films grown on (110) DyScO3 substrates was investigated. The in-plane lattices in the films less than 50 nm thick are fixed by the substrate lattice, whereas partial in-plane lattice relaxation along the [010] direction occurs in a 50 nm thick film. When the thickness reaches 98 nm, the film eventually exhibits lattice relaxation in both the [010] and the [10-1] in-plane directions. In the bottom region of the partially relaxed film, a dislocation, at which additional Fe atoms are seen, leads to formations of the stacking faults. In the surface region of the film, the complicated lattice defects propagated from the bottom result in the partial in-plane lattice relaxation associated with the disordered arrangements of the FeO4 tetrahedra and the FeO6 octahedra in the surface region. The preferential generation of the dislocations in the (10-1) plane can be explained by taking into account the anisotropic thermal expansion of SrFeO2.5, which results in the increase in the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate only along the [010] direction in the cooling process after the film deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased hole density in an electron donor-type organic semiconductor can be achieved by deposition of a strong acceptor-type molecular layer on top, and has been shown to enable adjusting the carrier density in organic field effect transistors (OFETs). This interfacial charge transfer is due to simultaneous Fermi level (EF) pinning of the donor's highest occupied level and the acceptor's lowest unoccupied level. Here, we investigate the electrical properties of such an EF-pinned junction formed by diindenoperylene (DIP, as donor) and hexafluoro-tetracyano-naphthoquinodimethane (F6, as acceptor) in OFETs, as well as its electronic properties by photoelectron spectroscopy and electrostatic modelling. We find that, in addition to the EF-pinning induced integer charge transfer across the interface, DIP and F6 form charge transfer complexes (CPXs) at their junction. The molecularly thin CPX interlayer acts as insulator and significantly reduces the density of carriers induced on either side of the junction, compared to a scenario without such an interlayer. CPX formation is thus unfavourable for the effectiveness of controlling carrier density at molecular donor/acceptor junctions by EF-pinning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it mean to "read between the lines?" In today's society, print and nonprint texts may contain explicit or implicit messages promoting specific ideologies or biases, and future teachers need to be able to teach their students to read between the lines. Two teacher educators conducted a qualitative study in their literacy methods courses to determine if using a critical literacy graphic organizer would enable the preservice teachers to read more critically, uncover the sociopolitical issues underlying some children's literature, and realize the potential for classroom discussions around these issues. Results indicated that although the critical literacy graphic organizer guided the preservice teachers to gain new understandings about messages contained within children's literature, they experienced struggles with some aspects of a critical literacy approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intimate Partner Violence is a "global pandemic". Meanwhile, information and communication technologies (ICT), such as the internet, mobile phones, and smartphones, are spreading worldwide, including in low- and middle-income countries. We reviewed the available evidence on the use of ICT-based interventions to address intimate partner violence (IPV), evaluating the effectiveness, acceptability, and suitability of ICT for addressing different aspects of the problem (e.g., awareness, screening, prevention, treatment, mental health).Methods: We conducted a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Key search terms included women, violence, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, information, communication technology, ICT, technology, email, mobile, phone, digital, ehealth, web, computer, online, and computerized. Only articles written in English were included.Results: Twenty-five studies addressing screening and disclosure, IPV prevention, ICT suitability, support and women's mental health were identified. The evidence reviewed suggests that ICT-based interventions were effective mainly in screening, disclosure, and prevention. However, there is a lack of homogeneity among the studies' outcome measurements and the sample sizes, the control groups used (if any), the type of interventions, and the study recruitment space. Questions addressing safety, equity, and the unintended consequences of the use of ICT in IPV programming are virtually non-existent.Conclusions: There is a clear need to develop women-centered ICT design when programming for IPV. Our study showed only one study that formally addressed software usability. The need for more research to address safety, equity, and the unintended consequences of the use of ICT in IPV programming is paramount. Studies addressing long term effects are also needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spin response of the reaction near threshold is investigated. Our formalism based on the impulse approximation, uses the realistic Bonn potential (full model) for the deuteron wave function and the unitary isobar MAID-2007 model for the elementary amplitude. We present the first results for the double polarized differential and total cross sections for parallel and antiparallel helicity states, the deuteron spin asymmetry, the helicity -asymmetry, the deuteron GDH integral, and the double spin asymmetries of the total cross section in the near-threshold region. Sensitivity of the estimated results to the -wave effect of the deuteron wave function for a realistic potential is studied. We find an insignificant sensitivity of most of the estimated observables to the -wave component. A noticeable role is obtained only in the double polarized differential cross section with antiparallel spins of photon and deuteron close to the threshold energy at forward and backward pion angles as well as in the double spin asymmetry of the total cross section at relatively large photon energies. Thus, we compare results for these two observables using various potential models with different -state probabilities, and a noticeable influence is found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The atomic and electronic structures of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO)/La0.7Sr0.3CrO3 (LSCO) multilayer thin films are investigated using aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging and spectroscopy. Atomic resolution high angle annular dark-field reveals that LSMO layers have an expanded out-of-plane lattice parameter compared to compressed LSCO layers, contrasting with x-ray diffraction measurements. The expansion is found to result from preferential oxygen vacancy formation in LSMO during STEM sample preparation as determined by electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The La/Sr atom column intensity is also found to oscillate by about 4% between the LSMO and LSCO layers, indicative of La/Sr concentration variation. Using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy in combination with image simulations, we confirm the La/Sr inhomogeneity and elucidate the origin of charge redistribution within the multilayer. These results illuminate the sensitivity of the technique to subtle structural, chemical, and electronic features that can arise to compensate charge imbalances in complex oxide heterostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a neutrino oscillation analysis of two particular data sets from the Daya Bay and RENO reactor neutrino experiments aiming to study the increase in precision in the oscillation parameters sin 2 2 θ 13 and the effective mass splitting Δ m e e 2 gained by combining two relatively simple to reproduce analyses available in the literature. For Daya Bay, the data from 217 days between December 2011 and July 2012 were used. For RENO, we used the data from 500 live days between August 2011 and January 2012. We reproduce reasonably well the results of the individual analyses, both rate-only and spectral, defining a suitable χ 2 statistic for each case. Finally, we performed a combined spectral analysis and extract tighter constraints on the parameters, with an improved precision between 30 and 40% with respect to the individual analyses considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate blended donor:acceptor (D:A) thin films of the two donors diindenoperylene (DIP) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) mixed with the strong acceptor 1,3,4,5,7,8-hexafluorotetracyanonaphthoquinodimethane (F6TCNNQ) using Polarization-Modulation Infrared Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy (PMIRRAS). For DIP:F6TCNNQ thin films we first carry out a comprehensive study of the structure as a function of the D : A mixing ratio, which guides the analysis of the PMIRRAS spectra. In particular, from the red-shift of the nitrile (C≡N) stretching of F6TCNNQ in the different mixtures with DIP, we quantify the average ground-state charge-transfer (GS-CT) to be ρavg = (0.84 ± 0.04) e. The PMIRRAS data for P3HT:F6TCNNQ blended films reveal nearly the same shift of the CT-affected C≡N stretching peak for this system. This points towards a very similar CT strength for the two systems. We extend the analysis to the relative intensity of the C≡N to the C=C stretching modes of F6TCNNQ in the mixtures with DIP and P3HT, respectively, and support it with DFT calculations for the isolated F6TCNNQ. Such comparison allows to identify the vibrational signatures of the acceptor mono-anion in P3HT:F6TCNNQ, thus indicating a much stronger, integer CT-type interactions for this system, in agreement with available optical spectroscopy data. Our findings stress the importance of a simultaneous analysis of C≡N and C=C stretching vibrations in F6TCNNQ, or similar quinoid systems, for a reliable picture of the nature of GS-CT interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical studies on the Japanese reception of English Romanticism have been progressing by Japanese researchers. Some of the recent studies have successfully summarized the history of the academic reception of English Romantic writers in Japan. However, there are few comprehensive studies concerning the concrete examples of adaptation by Japanese Romantic writers as a result of the reception of English Romanticism and as direct influences of English Romantic writers. This paper focuses on the reception of English Romanticism and the adaptation from English Romantic works in the Meiji era, when Japanese Romanticism began, and introduces the examples of Japanese adaptation of major English Romantic writers' works, with the most effective use of a limited number of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study reveals an impact of annealing on the crystallization of InSe matrix in PbTe-InSe multilayer nanocomposite structures prepared using thermal evaporation technique. Cross sectional transmission electron microscopic image clearly shows that the PbTe nanocrystals (NCs) are embedded in InSe matrix layer. Atomic force microscopic analysis gives detailed surface morphology of single PbTe NCs layer on InSe matrix surface. The growth of PbTe NCs with elongated surface morphology was observed upon annealing and correlated with Ostwald ripening. The evaluation of amorphous to crystalline phase transformation corresponding to InSe was observed from X-ray diffraction upon annealing. The shift in optical absorption spectra attribute three dimensional quantum confinement effect of PbTe NCs embedded in InSe matrix and have compared with the theoretical predictions of Efros effective approximation model. The photoluminescence emission associated with InSe matrix and PbTe NCs were observed with respect to annealing temperatures and are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]