Search

This study explores the characteristics and marketing tactics of double-roll coal crushers. Coal processing is in high demand in the mining market in China. To empower the mining market's competitiveness, product quality and technical level should be improved persistently. According to the absolute advantage compared with other mining corporations and analysis based on the Boston Matrix, the marketing strategy that should be adopted by the company can be described as 'the missionary selling method' which is very aggressive. In addition to adopting these marketing strategies, there is an opportunity for the interaction between current technological progress and current market demand, which can be seized by the company. We aim to illustrate the advantages and marketing opportunities of double-roll coal crushers and what kind of marketing tactic is suitable for this mining equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fingered citron slices possess significant nutritional value and economic advantages as herbal products that are experiencing increasing demand. The grading of fingered citron slices plays a crucial role in the marketing strategy to maximize profits. However, due to the limited adoption of standardization practices and the decentralized structure of producers and distributors, the grading process of fingered citron slices requires substantial manpower and lead to a reduction in profitability. In order to provide authoritative, rapid and accurate grading standards for the market of fingered citron slices, this paper proposes a grading detection model for fingered citron slices based on improved YOLOv8n. Methods: Firstly, we obtained the raw materials of fingered citron slices from a dealer of Sichuan fingered citron origin in Shimian County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, China. Subsequently, high-resolution fingered citron slices images were taken using an experimental bench, and the dataset for grading detection of fingered citron slices was formed after manual screening and labelling. Based on this dataset, we chose YOLOv8n as the base model, and then replaced the YOLOv8n backbone structure with the Fasternet main module to improve the computational efficiency in the feature extraction process. Then we redesigned the PAN-FPN structure used in the original model with BiFPN structure to make full use of the high-resolution features to extend the sensory field of the model while balancing the computation amount and model volume, and finally we get the improved target detection algorithm YOLOv8-FCS. Results: The findings from the experiments indicated that this approach surpassed the conventional RT-DETR, Faster R-CNN, SSD300 and YOLOv8n models in most evaluation indicators. The experimental results show that the grading accuracy of the YOLOv8-FCS model reaches 98.1%, and the model size is only 6.4 M, and the FPS is 130.3. Discussion: The results suggest that our model offers both rapid and precise grading for fingered citron slices, holding significant practical value for promoting the advancement of automated grading systems tailored to fingered citron slices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During geopolitical crises, the price stability of agricultural commodities is critical for national security. Understanding the dynamics of pricing power between the U.S. and China and how it varies over time can help smaller nations navigate unpredictable moments. This study uses a unified framework and wavelet approach to examine soybean price discovery in the U.S. and China from the standpoints of price interdependence and information flows. We begin by illustrating the integrated link between the soybean futures markets in the U.S. and China, which includes multiple structural breaks. The pricing difference between the two nations acts as the primary information spillover route for their integrated relationship. Furthermore, we show that the direction and degree of information spillover change dramatically in proportion to the strength of the U.S.-Chinese soybean interaction. Finally, we find that China's recent retaliatory tax on the U.S. soybeans gave the Chinese market a more powerful position in soybean futures price discovery. After the first-stage trade deal was reached, and during the epidemic phase of the coronavirus pandemic, the pricing power of the U.S. soybean market showed no signs of full recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New product development (NPD) plays a pivotal role in the survival, growth, and performance of new ventures; existing studies, however, have paid scant attention to new ventures' trade-offs between imitative and innovative NPD strategies, particularly in emerging markets. This study explores the relative impact of innovative and imitative NPD on new venture performance and their contingency across different entrepreneurial motivations and institutional environments in China. The findings based on a multilevel dataset from China indicate that innovative NPD has a stronger positive effect on new venture performance than imitative NPD. In addition, opportunity-motivated entrepreneurship and privatisation enhance the effect of innovative NPD whereas attenuate the efficacy of imitative NPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of 2019, the sudden outbreak of the pandemic brought a significant impact on the sales of agricultural products in China and all over the world. To reduce the unmarketable problem caused by the pandemic in the agricultural industry, operators who used to focus on offline sales changed their marketing strategy and began to build online sales channels through e-commerce platforms and adopt various online marketing strategies to improve their marketing performance. Furthermore, the performance of online marketing of agricultural products is affected by the interaction of multiple factors in the complex environment. This study aims to distinguish between the performance of different online marketing strategies by using necessary comparative analysis (NCA) and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) method, to help operators to grasp the critical elements of the online marketing of agricultural products, and how configuration effective impact the online marketing performance. The results show that: (1) NCA's results show that a single online marketing dimension cannot constitute the necessary conditions for producing high marketing performance of agricultural products, but e-commerce broadcasting, visual effects and government cooperation play an obvious role in improving marketing performance. (2) online marketing performance is influenced by the interaction of various strategies, and no single factor has a significant effect on it. (3) a good online marketing performance configuration path is divided into four, namely "the government cooperation--e-commerce broadcasting" domination; "the government cooperation--visual effects--e-commerce broadcasting" leading; "customer relationship--the government cooperation--visual effects--e-commerce broadcasting" leading; "platform number--visual effects--e-commerce broadcasting" leading. (4) There are four driving paths with no-good online marketing performance, and there is a causal asymmetric relationship of the driving paths with good online marketing performance. This study provides management enlightenment for agricultural operators on how to effectively improve the performance of online marketing, help operators to solve practical problems, and facilitate the development of agricultural e-commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the strategic intent behind foreign acquisitions made by the Chinese conglomerate Dalian Wanda ('Wanda') in the global film and cinema industry. It develops new theory on the existence and nature of strategic intent constellations using basic propositions on (1) business and financial intent, and (2) political intent during market expansion. A mixed methods approach encompassing qualitative and quantitative datasets is used to show the complexity and interrelatedness of business and financial, and political motivators for Wanda's foreign acquisitions. A strategic intent constellation is inducted and defined as a complex system, order or host of an organization's strategy, structures and shared value systems that interact with each other providing direction for the organization. The study provides empirical richness in a relevant marketing strategy setting related to global market expansion and helps develop novel theory about broader strategic intent constellations in corporate China that help understand differences in the notion of strategic intent across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blind-box consumption, a phenomenon sweeping through the retail market in China, is the process of buying an unlabelled box containing assorted and random novelty gifts from different retailers. Despite the intensity of its emergence, the extent of research on the phenomenon from a marketing perspective has been scarce. This paper identifies factors likely influencing Chinese consumers participating in blend-box consumption. These factors include brand familiarity emotional value and speculative potential. Conceptual issues discussed include the role of emotions and cognition as forces underpinning shopping behavior. The paper also highlights the marketing strategy features that have successfully driven the blend-box consumption experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study analyzes in-depth how knowledge-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can achieve higher new product development (NPD) process performance in the epidemic era and examine the internal development mechanism of knowledge-intensive SMEs in the process of continuous digital transformation. Design/methodology/approach: This issue is tested with partial least squares on data collected via a survey conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. The sample comprises 487 knowledge-intensive SMEs operating in China. Findings: The results indicate that one form of cross-functional ambidexterity, market development strategy (MDS), plays an important role in process performance from an inside-out financial perspective and an outside-in customer perspective. Simultaneously, product innovation efficiency (PIE) mediates the relationship between MDS and the above results. Big data analytics capabilities (BDACs) positively regulate the relationship between MDS and PIE. Research limitations/implications: The authors do not consider other contingency factors. Future research should introduce influential factors such as leadership and competitive intensity to further distinguish the effects of MDS on NPD process performance. Practical implications: The study findings offer suggestions to help knowledge-intensive SME managers better manage their NPD process by making better use of their limited resources in developing countries such as China. Originality/value: This study is one of only a few to adopt a process-oriented perspective to specifically examine how one form of cross-functional ambidexterity, MDS, impacts knowledge-intensive SME process performance in the epidemic era. This study also extends the theoretical framework of cross-functional ambidexterity to BDAC research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many serious audit failures of listed companies, mainly in China, have spotlighted the suitability of the appointed audit firm with the companies’ market competitive strategy. This study argues that the adopted market competitive strategy, either offensive or defensive, may influence audit firm choice, but the associations remain unclear. This study investigates the association between market competitive strategy and audit firm choice among Chinese listed companies, with government ownership as a moderator. A logistic multivariate regression analysis was conducted by using 9,590 year-observations of Chinese-listed companies during the period of 2018–2021. Results show that companies with aggressive offensive strategies tend to appoint larger audit firms, whereas companies with aggressive defensive strategies favour smaller audit firms. No evidence shows that government-owned companies influence audit firm choice, but government ownership moderates the relationship between market competitive strategies and audit firm choice. The findings are useful for listed companies to select the best audit quality that fits with the adopted market competitive strategy and provide references for regulators to assess and promote the healthy development of China’s audit market. This work is a pioneer in providing associations among market competitive strategy, government ownership and audit firm choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to examine how evolutionary and ecological forces shape the market strategy and performance of firms after their organizational form was changed by exogenous shock. Design/methodology/approach: Hypotheses are developed based on both evolutionary and ecological perspectives and tested using fixed effect logistics models and a sample of 3,110 firms that were privatized during 1998–2007. Findings: I find that once the organizational form of firms is changed, the market strategy of organizations is shaped by the population density of their old and new organizational forms in their existing market. Moreover, such a market strategy enhances the survival chance of firms. Originality/value: This study contributes to organizational evolution literature by unpacking the evolution process when exogeneous shock to organizational form takes place. It advances both evolutionary economics and organization ecology theory through integrating them to understand the evolution process of organizations. This study also contributes to the privatization literature through examining the ecological forces that shape the restructuring strategy of firms after privatization and the performance implications of such restructuring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of China Tourism Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The understanding of experiential learning through export learning process (XLP), and its outcomes, is limited in the international marketing literature. Using multisource, time-lagged data of exporting firms in the United Kingdom and China, this study finds that XLP is positively associated with marketing strategy adaptation for both U.K. and Chinese exporters. Results suggest contrasting moderating effects of experiential knowledge resources (i.e., psychic dispersion, multinationality, and duration) and strategy adaptation on the relationship between XLP and export sales growth in the two samples. In the U.K. sample, the authors observe a positive moderation effect of psychic dispersion and negative moderation effects of multinationality and duration. For the China sample, they find the exact opposite pattern of moderation effects for the experiential knowledge resources. Marketing strategy adaptation plays a negative moderation role in the China sample but has no such effect in the U.K. sample. The study has implications for theory development on, and the productive management of, processes of learning export management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a face-to-face consumer survey in six cities across China to obtain stated-preference data from a choice experiment, this paper examines consumers' preferences and willingness-to-pay for Fuji apple products' food traceability, certification and region of origin claims attributes. The results show that consumers are willing to pay a positive premium for food traceable attributes. The paper finds strong complementary effects between food traceable attributes. Besides, substitution and complementary effects between attributes vary over the sample cities. In addition, there is less overlap in the value of certain food attributes in some cities. These findings provide insights into the marketing management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the Difference-in-Differences method to test the impact of the promulgation of Green Credit Guidelines, a market-oriented environmental regulation, on the enterprise market expansion strategy, based on the panel data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2015. We find that the promulgation of Green Credit Guidelines significantly inhibited the market expansion strategy of high pollution enterprises. Two channels through which the Green Credit Guidelines affect the market expansion strategies of high polluters are increasing the cost of financing and promoting green R&D. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the impact of Green Credit Guidelines on the market expansion of highly polluting enterprises is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises without equity incentive. Further analysis shows that the promulgation of Green Credit Guidelines damages the corporate image and profitability of high polluting enterprises, but it doesn't increase the risk of high polluting enterprises. The results of this research could help relevant government departments to formulate practical environmental regulations and promote sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive opportunities in China's construction market attract many foreign construction enterprises, according to the National Bureau of Statistics of China 2021[1]. Foreign construction companies in this market do not exceed one percent of the total operating companies. This illustrates the amount of competition faced by these companies are very fierce. Foreign construction enterprises to seize the opportunities in this market, it is important to understand how to develop effective strategies in order to meet the competitiveness, they must understand how to adapt to China's legal, social, cultural, economic and technological environment along with changes brought about by competitors' advances and new needs of customers; they need to develop their capability to assess the opportunities, to secure their healthy growth, to survive, and achieve profits. This paper studied the current situation and the way for foreign construction enterprises to enter this market, the internal environment of Chinese construction market (PEST), and main types of foreign construction enterprise development strategy in this market, then find out the strengths in developing foreign firms businesses in this market, which are useful to understand the critical factors that are required to succeed, to develop strategic management guidelines for similar entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's network information age, the vigorous development of e-commerce has brought great opportunities and challenges to the development of marketing. This paper first analyzes many problems faced by marketing in the context of e-commerce, and then puts forward a series of new marketing strategies in the context of e-commerce, in order to be able to deal with the opportunities and challenges of marketing in the era of e-commerce. Based on the research logic of "discovering problems, investigating and analyzing problems, and solving problems", this study discusses from five aspects. Firstly, from the actual background of e-commerce marketing, the development process of e-commerce marketing and the development status and development trend at home and abroad are analyzed. Secondly, the relevant basic theories are elaborated, and the advantages and characteristics of e-commerce marketing are explained in detail. In-depth analysis of the current operation status of Shaanxi Xifeng Distillery Co., Ltd., comprehensive diagnosis of the marketing strategy of its main products, and detailed discussion of the competitive environment for enterprises to develop e-commerce marketing. Finally, the implementation steps of the enterprise's e-commerce marketing strategy are broken down in detail. After comprehensively using the literature research method, survey research method, SWOT analysis method and interview method to analyze the existing problems of Shaanxi Xifeng Distillery Co., Ltd., the following conclusions are mainly obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the continuous development of Chinese enterprises, the ability to use reasonable and scientific marketing strategies is directly related to the economic benefits and social development of the whole enterprise and even society. This paper explains the importance of standardized enterprise marketing strategies based on machine learning, and on the basis of grasping the characteristics of large capacity, variety, fast flow, and high value of big data, this paper outlines and analyzes the problems that generally exist in China's enterprises in machine learning-based marketing, so as to provide improvement ideas for measures to improve enterprise marketing and provide benchmarks for enterprise promotion, in order to achieve a market economy based on machine learning, maximize the overall benefits, and achieve healthy development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological environment quality is increasingly becoming a critical priority in measuring the sustainable development of modern cities. Reflecting on the reality of contemporary urban development, we create a structural equation model with city image and ecological quality as the antecedents of sustainable urban development, reflect on and expand the existing models of sustainable urban development, and further explore the mechanisms of various urban marketing factors on the shaping of city image. The study found that the continuous improvement of city marketing assets contributes to the process of shaping sustainable city branding. City image has a direct and significant positive impact on city recognition, city reputation, and perceived quality. Ecological environment quality also has a direct effect on city recognition and no direct effect on perceived quality or city reputation. However, ecological environment quality can affect city's reputation by acting on perceived quality through city recognition and then enhance the competitiveness of city sustainable development. The case practice of shaping a city's image by ecological environment quality illustrates the pragmatic return of humanism in contemporary urban development. While the halo effect of city image still exists, a good city reputation becomes another important influence on perceived quality and sustainability. This study facilitates the development of urban sustainable development theory and the extension of urban branding innovation theory, which will promote international dialogue in the field of urban eco-environment in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to inspiring growth over the past 20 years, the dynamics of Chinese exports have been the focus of many researchers. In contrast to current literature, this study examines the quadratic relationship between China's real exports to 154 partner countries and the income of trading partners from 1996 to 2019. The findings obtained from the second generational econometric analysis confirm cross-section dependence and heterogeneous slope among panel members. Second, while the GDP per capita of partner countries has a positive impact on China's exports, the quadratic of GDP per capita has a negative impact. These findings indicate an inverted U-shaped relationship between China's exports and GDP per capita of its partner countries—thus, validating the trading Kuznets curve (TKC) hypothesis. The appreciation of the Renminbi (RMB) has statistically significant negative effects on China's exports. From a policy perspective, Chinese policymakers could consider the TKC hypothesis when determining market and export strategies. Additionally, the Chinese monetary authority could consider stabilizing the value of the RMB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, China's tourism market is huge, and traditional hotel accommodation is not popular with young people, and homestays are just in line with young people's yearning. And most of the current push methods are determined by consumption on large platforms such as Ctrip, which not conforms to the recommendation method of homestays, so it aims at personalized marketing research for homestays. In this paper, the multi-information fusion sensor network is used to push B&B hotels in tourist areas to achieve B&B hotel marketing and maximize profits. Using the multi-information fusion sensor network to carry out personalized platform design, platform users can easily and quickly search for the homestay they want and can realize the automatic push function to achieve the rationality of marketing. The experimental results in this paper found that the average relative speedup increased from 1.9 to 17.7 for the execution of the scoring-oriented algorithm in the algorithm compared to a single computer. Performing the sort-oriented algorithm in the algorithm, the average relative speedup increased from 1.9 to 18.8. It can illustrate the effectiveness of the design system in this paper, and the software can carry out personalized marketing for homestays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unprecedentedly impacted by COVID-19, tourism enterprises are pushed to adopt new strategic management to cope with the changes in tourists’ consumer perception for sustainable development, such as corporate and compete simultaneously with their competitors. Our study aims to investigate the intermediate role of coopetition, including the three dimensions of resource similarity, market commonality, and willingness to cooperate in the marketing and performance relationships. Primary data on 360 observers were collected via questionnaire distribution to theme park managers in China with 85.3% accuracy in response rate. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to verify the intermediate effect of coopetition on marketing performance in tourism enterprises. The results of SEM indicate (1) the intermediate role of tourism coopetition, including the three dimensions existing in the relationship between tourism marketing and performance, (2) more significant positive impact on non-financial performance than that on financial performance, and (3) the mechanism of implementing coopetition. This study gives supportive evidence for tourism enterprises to implement coopetition and highlights the implications for appropriately developing coopetition strategies and tactics to achieve the synergy effect for the individual enterprises and the spillover effect for the destination regarding policy-making, mindset, and partner selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Under the big data background, there are many influencing factors for investors of new energy vehicles (NEV), and government subsidies promote the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to provide solutions for the sustainable development of NEV. Design/methodology/approach: The sustainable marketing strategy of NEV in China is put forward. This paper first analyzes the subsidy policy effect of NEV under the background of big data. It then establishes the online optimal leasing strategy under multiple strategy choices and the online leasing strategy of multiple vehicles under the inflation market. Findings: With the fixed cost of NEV in each lease period, the optimal competition ratio of online decision-makers will continue to decrease with the increase of the difference between prepaid funds and government subsidies. In the decision-making of renting and purchasing multiple vehicles, the general strategy competition ratio is 2.922, while the optimal competition ratio of the online renting and purchasing strategy proposed by the research is 2.723. Research limitations/implications: The research is limited by the limited data and information collected, so the optimal decision-making model has some limitations. The authors need to find more representative data to optimize the model. Practical implications: As an emerging industry, NEV have developed rapidly in recent years. Based on the online algorithm and competitive ratio theory, this paper solves the decision-making problem of operators and gives the optimal strategy to promote the green development of the new energy vehicle industry. Originality/value: This paper proposes the optimal strategy for online investors of new energy vehicle operators by combining online algorithm and competitive ratio theory. The numerical analysis results of the optimal online model under multi strategy selection show that with the same difference between prepaid funds and government subsidies, the time point will be delayed and the time point will be advanced as the cost of leasing NEV in each period increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: From an international retailing perspective, this empirical study aims to examine luxury fashion retailers' changing marketing strategies in China. Design/methodology/approach: Using case studies of 14 luxury fashion retailers, qualitative data were collected via 31 semi-structured executive interviews. Findings: Both standardised global and localised multinational marketing strategies were found to have initially been employed by luxury fashion retailers entering into China. Subsequently, localised multinational strategies became increasingly important for their post-entry operations and business development, particularly in terms of their product strategies. More specifically, as well as the introduction of Chinese brand names, product design has been adapted according to Chinese market conditions, and product portfolios have been adapted to satisfy regional differences. However, localised product sourcing in China is far less common. Research limitations/implications: As the findings are generated from China, they may not explain luxury fashion retailers' marketing strategies in other markets. Despite the relatively small sample size, the 14 luxury fashion retailer case studies originate from across a wide range of countries, retail formats and ownership structures and are therefore considered to be varied enough to represent the market. Practical implications: The study offers practitioners insights into the success that can be generated by the manipulation of marketing strategies, particularly product strategies, within the world's second biggest luxury market. Originality/value: This paper extends the current international retailing literature by examining and comparing the motives and practices of luxury fashion retailers and the increasing localisation of their marketing strategies in China as they move from initial market entry into their post-entry operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A young herder in western China accidentally went viral on the internet and aroused public interests to visit his scenic hometown. The subsequent collaborations between the herder and destination marketers on social media made him an influencer and further boosted the surge of public travel interests. Drawing on big data analytics and natural language processing techniques, this paper conducted two studies. Study 1 has proved that the local tourism authority has successfully pivoted tourism marketing strategies from viral marketing to influencer marketing. Study 2 corroborated the positive effects of influencer attraction and government tourism promotion on public travel interests. The moderating role of public suspicions about the pandemic disruptions was also identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has a thousand years of cultural heritage, and its famous paintings and calligraphy works are all representatives of the works of art. Calligraphy and painting have changed from works of art to commodities. This is undoubtedly caused by the changes of the times and society. Calligraphy and painting have gradually formed in this process. The most basic feature that distinguishes the market from other markets is the difference in marketing strategies. Aiming at the current problems in the online marketing of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works, a marketing strategy for Chinese paintings and calligraphy works based on wireless communication network resources is proposed. In view of the lack of accurate analysis of the current Chinese painting and calligraphy and artwork marketing and the uneven quality of the artwork, the above-mentioned problems can be improved through the allocation of wireless communication network resources. The experimental results show that the scope of dissemination of Chinese paintings and calligraphy works using this marketing strategy is wider, and the marketing transaction rate and profit are greater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of marketing strategies on farmers' catastrophe insurance preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) in rural areas in China. A choice experiment was conducted with 234 rural households in Jiangsu Province, China. A mixed logit model is used. The results show that marketing strategies significantly affect farmers' preferences and willingness to pay for catastrophe insurance. Farmers prefer village cadres' marketing, and their willingness to pay is 11.62 yuan/mu higher than that of insurance companies. In addition, the deductible rate has the greatest impact on farmers' demand for catastrophe insurance and willingness to pay. When the deductible rate is increased, farmers' willingness to pay is reduced. Farmers' preferences are heterogeneous. Females, older farmers, families with fewer members, farmers who rarely pay attention to weather forecasts and have less knowledge of catastrophe insurance prefer village cadre marketing. In the promotion of catastrophe insurance, local government should cooperate with insurance companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of an effective brand story has become a key issue in marketing strategies. This study aims to explore what kinds of brand stories (underdog or top dog) individuals prefer from the perspective of the level of self-construal and the need for uniqueness. In this study, a questionnaire survey was used to collect data from China. One-way analysis of variance and bootstrapping via the Process plug-in were adopted to test the hypotheses. This study confirms that individuals with independent self-construal have a higher need for uniqueness and prefer underdog brand stories, while individuals with interdependent self-construal have a lower need for uniqueness and prefer the top dog brand story. This paper promotes theoretical research in the fields of self-construal, the need for uniqueness, and brand stories, and provides rich theoretical support for enterprises in designing and adjusting brand stories. Implications, limitations and future studies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the financial and non-financial performance effects of strategic emphasis during times of market turbulence in China. A survey of 246 middle and upper-level managers in Beijing identified market turbulence as a direct driver of firm performance, a positive moderator of the link between market strategy and financial performance, and a negative moderator of the link between market strategy and non-financial performance. Market turbulence did not moderate links between either market strategy or nonmarket strategy and non-financial performance. These results suggest a performance payoff for leveraging NMS and a performance penalty for emphasizing market strategies during turbulent times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the live streaming industry in China, live streaming E-commerce is a new form of business in the new media era. The reason for the remarkable results is inseparable from the live streamers and their teams' efforts. With the rise of a large number of live streaming platforms, the scale of live streaming groups is continuing to expand. While its rapid expansion has brought huge economic benefits, the live streaming industry is also facing much chaos caused by uneven quality and lack of supervision. Related issues such as traffic fraud and difficulty in safeguarding rights have also emerged endlessly, damaging and affecting consumers' legitimate rights and consumption experience. The purposes of this paper are to explore the live streamer's marketing strategies through live streaming E-commerce in China, analyze the problems of "Internet celebrity" through live streaming, and try to put forward corresponding suggestions for sustainable development combined with the characteristics of current e-commerce live streaming situation. This study adopts descriptive and explanatory research design and adopts the case analysis method takes Streamer Xin Youzhi as the research object. The empirical data collection mainly adopts the methods of existing data and online observation. The research results and findings will provide meaningful insights for the future development of live streaming E-commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper aims to investigate the new market entry strategy of the international grocery retailers Aldi Süd and Costco in China; analyzing if and how their prior-online market entry reflects a strategic response to organizational challenges in the Chinese market, which is a pioneer in the use of digital technologies and the provision of digital services. Design/methodology/approach: The article identifies major challenges faced by international grocery retailers in China and discusses these with the help of the conceptual approach of embeddedness. The paper is based on expert interviews with senior executives of the two international retailers and other retail specialists and consultants. Findings: The prior-online market entry by Aldi Süd and Costco represents a strategic response to organizational challenges that have to be faced in an increasingly challenging and highly digitalized Chinese market. Prior-online market entry allows the two retailers to experiment with the unique and heterogeneous Chinese market and build network and territorial embeddedness to facilitate the establishment of the physical store network. Both retailers utilize online stores to build relation and network with suppliers and customers and to understand Chinese consumer preferences. Yet, the localization strategy of Aldi Süd and Costco vary greatly. Originality/value: Grocery retailers' prior-online expansion strategy has not yet been the focus of academic research. In regard to global grocery retailers, such as Aldi Süd and Costco, previous research argued that they were prepared to accept a lower expansion speed in order to expand at minimum risk and cost and mainly in countries which are regarded as having higher cultural proximity. The paper reveals the potential of the prior-online market entry strategy to change the internationalization behavior of grocery retailers. In addition, it contributes to the understanding of the evolution of market entry strategy into advanced digital economies in the coming new decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of how relational embeddedness offers marketing channel partners both benefits and hazards. The nonlinear effect of relational embeddedness on channel opportunism is investigated. Influence strategies (i.e. coercive and noncoercive influence) are also examined as mediators of this nonlinear effect. Design/methodology/approach: Survey data are gathered from a sample of 149 manufacturers in China. The hypotheses are tested through regression analysis. Findings: The results support the hypothesis that relational embeddedness has a U-shaped effect on opportunism, and that this relationship can be mediated through noncoercive influence strategies. The results also indicate that coercive influence has an inverted U-shaped effect and noncoercive influence has a U-shaped effect on opportunism. Research limitations/implications: This research serves as a launching point for further investigations into the "black box" of the double-edged effects of relational embeddedness. Other channel behavior constructs can be explored in future studies. Practical implications: Firms should be aware of the benefits and pitfalls associated with relational embeddedness in marketing channels. They should be alert to using influence strategies when managing channel opportunism. Originality/value: This study addresses the dilemma of embeddedness in marketing channel relationships and reveals its causes and mechanisms by exploring the mediating effects of influence strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, Chinaʼs retail industry has been completely opened to the outside world, and it is exactly the same. The retail industry has become one of Chinaʼs most market-oriented and competitive industries. At the same time, the changes in consumer demand are becoming more and more diversified. In order to meet the diversified and personalized needs of consumers, retail companies must continue to increase investment in services, management, marketing, and branding. This paper combines virtual technology and 5G mobile communication technology to design and realize a set of 3D virtual fitting system. According to peopleʼs fitting needs, the research is carried out from two aspects: clothing style and body type matching degree and clothing fabric drape. In the comparison of body shape test results with conventional body shape judgment experience, the correct rate of the virtual fitting systemʼs body shape judgment was 86%, and the error rate was 14%. In the comparison of online shopping data of consumers on different communication networks, it was found that the speed of different networks is different. The shopping experience has a relatively large impact. As a newly developed network mobile communication technology, 5Gʼs ultra-high speed advantage has a great impact on the consumer experience; in the analysis and comparison of the traditional operation mode and the combination of online and offline operation modes, it is concluded that the traditional marketing model is far from meeting peopleʼs current life needs, and new retail is catering to the consumer needs of people in the new era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of the article is the strategy for the pharmaceutics development under sanctions in Russia, taking into consideration the possibility to create the transboundary pharmaceutical market with the participation of Russia and China. The approach is believed to be relevant because currently Russia depends on imported pharmaceutical products and, although the sanctions have not affected pharmaceutical products, however, the high importance of pharmaceutical products imported from Western countries makes Russia to think about possible consequences of further expansion of the sanctions for national security. Currently the Russian market is reacting to the possible situation if foreign companies leave the market in case of toughening sanctions, and these apprehensions make the authorities and the national pharmaceutical business search for new ways of economic integration, realizing that the resulting synergistic effect may become the most important "growth point" for the Russian pharmaceutical industry. Development of transboundary cooperation between Russia and foreign participants of the pharmaceutical market seems to be one of the possible strategic decisions contributing to a synergistic growth of the pharmaceutical industry in Russia. The issue urgency determined the research directions. The possibility of transboundary cooperation between China and Russia based on public-private partnerships, and of the transboundary pharmaceutical market creation has been substantiated herein; recommendations on the transboundary pharmaceutical cluster establishment in China and Russia have been developed; the significance of the factors determining the possibility to build the clusters and to restrict this process have been identified; recommendations regarding the participants of the build cluster have been formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Tribune / Lvyou Xuekan is the property of Tourism Institute of Beijing Union University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study surveyed Chinese elderly consumers to determine their purchasing behavior, importance, and satisfaction with HMR products in China. Three hundred and seventy people were surveyed: 184 males and 186 females aged 55 to 70 years. Two hundred and sixty-seven (72.25%) of the surveyed consumers had an average monthly income of 6,000 yuan or less, and 313 (84.9%) responded that they spend 3000 yuan or less on groceries per month. Three hundred and fortyeight (94.1%) showed a high interest in health management. Regarding the frequency of purchasing HMR products, most responded that they purchased HMR products more than once or twice a week, with a single purchase of 100 yuan or less for each purchase. The respondents preferred 2 or 3 serving packagings in a refrigerated form. For all forms of products, those made as in-house meals, outdoor meals, as a snack or night snack, for serving guests, for trips, camping, and on-thego products, the participants mostly responded that they frequently purchased the product. When purchasing HMR products, the importance of hygiene, convenience in purchase accessibility, the freshness of ingredients, and an indication of the nutritional content were considered as a high rank. After purchase, the satisfaction of SNS and mobile application advertisements and promotions, amount per serving, take out convenience, and new menu were considered low-rank. The IPA results showed that marking the origin of the ingredients and new menu are areas needing improvement. The study results may be used as base data for developing elderly friendly HMR products and establishing its marketing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western retailers find alignment with consumers in Greater China challenging. Managers struggle to understand local retail values, especially where quantitative marketing research obfuscates meanings behind overly simplified constructs - lacking richness that is key to alignment. As researchers embedded in a distant indigenous culture, we use an interpretive research design, drawing on longitudinal data collected over a six-year period, to reveal multiple lenses of local realities, giving a perspective on international retailers' misalignment. The multimethod approach integrates ethnography, interviews, participant observations, videography and extended data in podcasts. We show how everyday products can be purely functional (global) at one time but embedded with symbolic meaning (local) at another, thereby confounding international retailers and researchers. Managers and researchers tend to reduce the legitimacy of meanings that differ from the values and beliefs of their existing (home/local) paradigm. We present a conceptual model that clarifies the marketing metaphor of 'alignment' for retailers targeting Far East Asian markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the popularity of the sharing economy, ride-hailing services have greatly affected people's travel and become a new travel mode for urban residents. However, the lack of effective industry regulation has resulted in serious operational problems and growing difficulties in the furthering development of ride-hailing services in China. Therefore, it is necessary to study the regulation strategies of multiple subjects involved in ride-hailing industry. Based on evolutionary game theory, the paper establishes the tripartite evolution game model about regulation strategies of ride-hailing industry. The theoretical research and simulation results show that the evolutionarily stable strategy of a single subject (Transportation Network Company, driver or passenger) is affected by the strategies of other two subjects together. Moreover, when making the decision, the Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) need to consider the difference between benefits and costs, user scale, incentives and penalties from the government. Drivers need to consider their benefits and costs, travel user scale and penalties from the government and the TNCs. Besides, the benefits and costs, and the harmony of ride-hailing industry need to be considered for passengers. Potential policy implications are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using survey data from China and India, we explore the impact of network strategy of new ventures in emerging markets. We focus on two critical dimensions of network strategy, namely, broadening and deepening the network and two types of knowledge: market knowledge and technological knowledge. We find that proactive network deepening is associated with market knowledge and network broadening with technological knowledge. From a network perspective, our work highlights the counterintuitive outcomes of breadth versus depth orientation in network strategy, highlighting differences between advanced and emerging economies. We use a post-hoc multi-group analysis to show the differences even within the two emerging markets: India and China. The direct effect of partnering proactiveness on market knowledge in India is significantly higher than that in China but there is no significant difference as to the effect of technological knowledge. We use this exploratory study to highlight the opportunities for network and entrepreneurship scholars to study emerging markets and, in particular, undertake comparative studies between new ventures in China and India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the traditional marketing channels of Chinese clothing brands cannot meet the needs of consumers and brand development, the necessity of digital transformation of clothing brands from the aspects of national policy, information technology and industry environment were elaborated through literature analysis and market brand research methods. The comparative analysis method was used to summarize the digital transformation methods of some clothing brands, and the representative clothing brand marketing strategies were analyzed and studied in China. The results show that marketing channels are the most important part of a brand' s digital transformation. Digital transformation offline and online omni-channel layout, new media platform precision marketing, and creating digital scene experience are the most effective marketing strategies. Brands need to choose appropriate strategies and practices based on corporate development, so as to better carry out digital transformation to respond to market changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]