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The traditional approach to formulating building codes often is slow and labor-intensive, and may struggle to keep pace with the rapid evolution of technology and domain findings. Overcoming such challenges necessitates a methodology that streamlines the modernization of codal provisions. This paper proposes a machine learning (ML) approach to append a variety of codal provisions, including those of empirical, statistical, and theoretical natures. In this approach, a codal provision (i.e., equation) is analyzed to trace its properties (e.g., engineering intuition and causal logic). Then a ML model is tailored to preserve the same properties and satisfy a collection of similarity and performance measures until declared equivalent to the provision at hand. The resulting ML model harnesses the predictive capabilities of ML while arriving at predictions similar to the codal provision used to train the ML model, and hence it becomes possible to use in lieu of the codal expression. This approach was examined successfully for seven structural engineering phenomena contained within various building codes, including those in North America and Australia. The findings suggest that the proposed approach could lay the groundwork for implementing ML in the development of future building codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Challenges in the 21st century that we face as a society certainly need to be handled by young people, in the end giving birth to an idea called Technology and Engineering Literacy (TEL). However, many people do not understand what, why, and how TEL. Therefore, this article discusses issues that are clearly of concern and related to what TEL is, why TEL should exist, and how TEL assessment is implemented in education, especially in science education. This research is included in the parameters of the theme content analysis. This research-based paper uses reflections on literature from various journals, articles, and other textbooks. TEL is the ability to develop solutions to solve problems, understand the principles and technological strategies needed to achieve goals, and use, understand, and evaluate technology. The three areas of TEL that NAEP will evaluate are technology and society, design and systems, and ICT. TEL is very important to be trained and improved in science learning as a provision for students to face 21st century education. The TEL assessment is a computer-based test, the items are composed of scenario-based assessment and discrete item sets, and the data is provided with longitudinal analysis. Implementation of TEL in Science Instruction can be done using learning methods that involve science, technology and engineering principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study demonstrates the effect of nitrogen doping on the surface state densities (Nss) of monolayer MoS2 and its effect on the responsivity and the response time of the photodetector. Our experimental results shows that by doping monolayer MoS2 by nitrogen, the surface state (Nss) increases thereby increasing responsivity. The mathematical model included in the paper supports the relation of photocurrent gain and its dependency on trap level which states that the increasing the trap density increases the photocurrent gain and the same is observed experimentally. The experimental results at room temperature revealed that nitrogen doped MoS2 have a high NSS of 1.63 X 1013 states/m2/eV compared to undoped MoS2 of 4.2 x 1012 states/m2/eV. The increase in Nss in turn is the cause for rise in trap states which eventually increases the value of photo responsivity from 65.12 A/W (undoped MoS2) to 606.3 A/W (nitrogen doped MoS2). The response time calculated for undoped MoS2 was 0.85 sec and for doped MoS2 was 0.35 sec. Finally, to verify the dependence of surface states on the responsivity, the surface states were varied by varying temperature and it was observed that upon increment in temperature, the surface states decreases which causes the responsivity values also to decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding teachers' experiences as they lived them and as they told them is important for conceptualizing a well-rounded view of the state of science education and the role teachers play in it. Journey mapping, a way of visualizing one's processes and experiences as they progress towards a goal, is a tool with the potential to capture teachers' lived experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore elementary teachers' lived experiences as they work to provide science and engineering learning experiences for their students. This paper highlights the use of STEM journey mapping as a way of exploring teachers' lived experiences in their day-to-day practice. This study features the STEM journey map and subsequent narrative of a fourth-grade teacher, Elliot. The data analysis supported the argument that journey mapping was a powerful tool for exploring teachers' lived experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to unify q-derivative/q-integrals and h-derivative/h-integrals into a single definition, called q − h -derivative/ q − h -integral. These notions are further extended on the finite interval [ a , b ] in the form of left and right q − h -derivatives and q − h -integrals. Some inequalities for q − h -integrals are studied and directly connected with well known results in diverse fields of science and engineering. The theory based on q-derivatives/q-integrals and h-derivatives/h-integrals can be unified using the q − h -derivative/ q − h -integral concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptual engineering is the enterprise of evaluating and improving our representational devices. But how should we conduct this enterprise? One increasingly popular answer to this question proposes that conceptual engineering should proceed in terms of the functions of our representational devices. In this paper, we argue that the best way of understanding this suggestion is in terms of normative functions, where normative functions of concepts are, roughly, things that they allow us to do that matter normatively (for example, things in virtue of which we have normative reasons to have these concepts). Not only does this introduce a novel view about functions to the literature. This proposal also fits more naturally than the alternatives with conceptual engineering as a normative enterprise, and it allows functions to play all of the explanatory roles assigned to them in the conceptual engineering literature. Our discussion of the explanatory advantages of normative functions also advances the understanding of the ways in which concepts can be authoritative, what this means for conceptual engineering, and highlights the importance of political philosophy for thinking about conceptual engineering in practice. Furthermore, the paper explicates what kind of role considerations about function can and should actually play in conceptual engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large number of post-tensioned concrete bridges were built in the second half of the last century. They have often been insufficiently maintained during their lifetime (usually around 50 years). Nowadays, these structures exhibit significant deterioration, mainly due to leakages and also due to various other deficiencies such as a small concrete cover. Their load-bearing capacity needs to be verified. This paper focuses on estimating the load-bearing capacity calculation of existing post-tensioned concrete bridges. In the engineering practice, this is carried out using the partial factor method according to the currently valid standards (Czech standards ČSN and the Eurocodes), which often impose more stringent requirements than the original standards. The partial factor method then often leads to low load-bearing capacities. This study deals with the bridge for which a very low load-bearing capacity has been determined. For this reason, a comparative probabilistic analysis was performed, allowing for a better description of the uncertainties in the resistance and load effect variables. The probabilistic approach appears to be less conservative and yields a higher load-bearing capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is concerned with the possibilities of long-term monitoring of constructions using modern wireless sensors and systems. There are currently many constructions under long-term monitoring performed by modern sensors. The monitoring enables an assessment of the current health of the construction or it can be used to recalculate and adjust the BMI models and subsequently evaluate the static and dynamic resistance of the construction. The sensors and systems installed enable the detection of hidden defects or newly emerging failures and damage. Using the results obtained from the monitoring of the construction, it is possible to predict and carry out a timely repair or maintenance of the construction, which will ultimately decrease the financial and time-related costs, ensure greater safety and prolong its lifetime and resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a need within society to manage its impacts on the environment. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO 14001 tool, based on the original BS 7750 standard, was created in 1996 and subsequently updated in 2004 and 2015; it has become the most prevalent type of environmental management system (EMS) adopted worldwide. Engineering and construction organisations wanting to implement ISO 14001 should be fully acquainted with the advantages and disadvantages of adopting an EMS. Using the Scopus academic database, this study used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses method to identify and select publications (since 1999) for systematic review. Examination of the chosen articles (n = 46) revealed a limited number of works per annum, with a peak in 2011 (n = 6). The most frequently reported benefits are 'enrichment of green corporate and public image', 'improved environmental performance' and 'regulation compliance', while the barriers are 'costs', 'lack of experience, expertise or knowledge' and 'lack of training'. Further analysis, using the VOSviewer software, shows the network relationships between article keywords, notably that sustainability is increasingly listed (since 2011) and links with most other keywords. This suggests that the engineering and construction sectors may be seeing beyond the cost barrier and are realising the positive difference that ISO 14001 can contribute to their operations, their local/national communities and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows the link between computer science and applied mathematics. It conducts a dynamics investigation of new root solvers using computer tools and develops a new family of single-step simple root-finding methods. The convergence order of the proposed family of iterative methods is two, according to the convergence analysis carried out using symbolic computation in the computer algebra system CAS-Maple 18. Without further evaluations of a given nonlinear function and its derivatives, a very rapid convergence rate is achieved, demonstrating the remarkable computing efficiency of the novel technique. To determine the simple roots of nonlinear equations, this paper discusses the dynamic analysis of one-parameter families using symbolic computation, computer animation, and multi-precision arithmetic. To choose the best parametric value used in iterative schemes, it implements the parametric and dynamical plane technique using CAS-MATLAB@R2011b. The dynamic evaluation of the methods is also presented utilizing basins of attraction to analyze their convergence behavior. Aside from visualizing iterative processes, this method illustrates not only iterative processes but also gives useful information regarding the convergence of the numerical scheme based on initial guessed values. Some nonlinear problems that arise in science and engineering are used to demonstrate the performance and efficiency of the newly developed method compared to the existing method in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Chinese Teaching is the property of Beijing Language & Culture University Press Co. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Complex systems are difficult to manage, operate and maintain. This is why we see teams of highly specialised engineers in industries such as aerospace, nuclear and subsurface. Condition based monitoring is also employed to maximise the efficiency of extensive maintenance programmes instead of using periodic maintenance. A level of automation is often required in such complex engineering platforms in order to effectively and safely manage them. Advances in Artificial Intelligence related technologies have offered greater levels of automation but this potentially pivots the weight of decision making away from the operator to the machine. Implementing AI or complex algorithms into a platform can mean that the Operators' control over the system is diminished or removed altogether. For example, in the Boeing 737 Air Max Disaster, AI had been added to a platform and removed the operators' control of the system. This meant that the operator could not then move outside the extremely reserved, algorithm defined, "envelope" of operation. This paper analyses the challenges of AI driven condition based monitoring where there is a potential to see similar consequences to those seen in control engineering. As the future of society becomes more about algorithm driven technology, it is prudent to ask, not only whether we should implement AI into complex systems, but how this can be achieved ethically and safely in order to reduce risk to life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are two purposes of this paper. The first, and primary, purpose is to examine the association between the Country of nationality, the Discipline, and Time period of Nobel Prize laureates in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) related disciplines. This is done by performing a multi-way correspondence analysis (MWCA). The second purpose is to provide a technical, bibliographic and practical overview of MWCA. Our investigation of the variables shows that there is a statistically significant three-way association between them, as well as between only one pair of the variables: Country and Time period. The row-tube biplot provides a visual description of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of laser surface engineering in the field of tribology, which focuses on friction, wear, and lubrication between surfaces in motion. It introduces a special issue on laser surface engineering for tribology, which includes thirteen papers covering topics such as laser cladding, surface texturing, and additive manufacturing. Each paper explores different aspects of laser surface engineering and offers insights for future research and development in the field. The article discusses various research contributions, including the impact of preheating temperatures on laser-clad coatings, the use of laser-assisted surface texturing to reduce friction and wear, and the proposal of a nitride layer to resist tribocorrosion. The findings contribute to improving the wear and corrosion resistance of materials through laser surface engineering. The article concludes by suggesting future research directions and emphasizing the importance of tailoring laser surface engineering approaches to meet industry-specific requirements. [Extracted from the article]

Technological advancements have made rock engineering more data-driven, leading to increased use of machine learning (ML). While the use of ML in rock engineering has the potential to transform the industry, several methodological issues should first be addressed: (i) rock engineering's use of biased (poor quality) data, resulting in biased ML models and (ii) limited rock mass classification and characterization data. If these issues are not addressed, rock engineering risks using unreliable ML models that can have potential real-life adverse impacts. This paper aims to provide an overview of these methodological issues and demonstrate their impact on the reliability of ML models using surrogate models. To take full advantage of the benefits of ML, rock engineers should make sure that their ML models are reliable by ensuring that there are sufficient unbiased data to develop reliable ML models. In the context of this paper, the term sufficient retains a relative meaning since the amount of data that is sufficient to develop reliable a ML models depends on the problem under consideration and the application of the ML model (e.g., pre-feasibility, feasibility, design stage). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of the era of big data and information technology, deep learning (DL) has become a hot trend in the research field of artificial intelligence (AI). The use of deep learning methods for parameter inversion, disease identification, detection, surrounding rock classification, disaster prediction, and other tunnel engineering problems has also become a new trend in recent years, both domestically and internationally. This paper briefly introduces the development process of deep learning. By reviewing a number of published papers on the application of deep learning in tunnel engineering over the past 20 years, this paper discusses the intelligent application of deep learning algorithms in tunnel engineering, including collapse risk assessment, water inrush prediction, crack identification, structural stability evaluation, and seepage erosion in mountain tunnels, urban subway tunnels, and subsea tunnels. Finally, it explores the future challenges and development prospects of deep learning in tunnel engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of fibrous assemblies is highly complex, being both random and regular at the same time, which leads to the complexity of its mechanical behaviour. Using algorithms such as machine learning to process complex mechanical property data requires consideration and understanding of its information principles. There are many different methods and instruments for measuring flexible material mechanics, and many different mechanics models exist. There is a need for an evaluation method to determine how close the results they obtain are to the real material mechanical behaviours. This paper considers and investigates measurements, data, models and simulations of fabric's low-stress mechanics from an information perspective. The simplification of measurements and models will lead to a loss of information and, ultimately, a loss of authenticity in the results. Kolmogorov complexity is used as a tool to analyse and evaluate the algorithmic information content of multivariate nonlinear relationships of fabric stress and strain. The loss of algorithmic information content resulting from simplified approaches to various material measurements, models and simulations is also evaluated. For example, ignoring the friction hysteresis component in the material mechanical data can cause the model and simulation to lose more than 50% of the algorithm information, whilst the average loss of information using uniaxial measurement data can be as high as 75%. The results of this evaluation can be used to determine the authenticity of measurements and models and to identify the direction for new measurement instrument development and material mechanics modelling. It has been shown that a vast number of models, which use unary relationships to describe fabric behaviour and ignore the presence of frictional hysteresis, are inaccurate because they hold less than 12% of real fabric mechanics data. The paper also explores the possibility of compressing the measurement data of fabric mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the implementation of a professional development program that aims at enhancing instructional practices to foster student-centered teaching approaches among engineering faculty at two universities in Pakistan. The program was guided by the theoretical perspective of enactivism and involved an initial three-day workshop, online modules, and reflective implementation assignments. The paper provides a detailed account of the program's framework, design, and evaluation. The research questions addressed are: What are the perceptions of faculty members regarding (a) the benefits of the program topics and (b) changes in their actions as a result of the program? Likert-item survey instruments with retrospective items were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests. As the program moved from being required to voluntary, participation was declined. Faculty who participated in this engineering pedagogy project reported positive attitudes and significant growth in utilizing student-centered strategies. The three-day workshop was perceived as the most beneficial of the components. The module was perceived to be of the highest benefit when focused on writing effective questions for high-level thinking. All the pre-to-post retrospective items showed statistically significant increases, with the two largest being the use of student response systems (SRS) and the focus on big ideas in teaching. The combined approaches show promise for faculty who persist in long-term professional development projects, catalyzing changes in perceived value and the implementation of active learning techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the exact relationship between the development level of American public libraries and the output of science and engineering publications. We use the sample data from 1996 to 2019 to build a time series model, and analyze the long-term equilibrium, short-term correlation and Granger causality relationships between them with stationarity test, cointegration test, Granger causality test, and impulse response function. The results suggest that there are a long-term equilibrium relationship and a bidirectional Granger causality between them. The two interact and promote each other. The impact of the development level of American public libraries on the output of science and engineering publications can be seen in fewer time periods, while the impact of the output of science and engineering publications on the development level of American public libraries take more time periods to show. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the development process of building cable structures in China over the past 70 years according to three stages: the initial, slow, and rapid development. It also summarizes the types of cable components and joints of building cable structures. The structural characteristics and representative projects of suspension, cable membrane, beam string (cable-supported), and cable dome structures are reviewed in this paper. Finally, the achievements and prospects of cable structures in China are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current construction industry for civil and structural engineering is considered to be one of the growing industries in the world. With the push toward a more digitized industry, emerging trends such as additive manufacturing and the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, along with consumer demand, are resulting in automated development with multiple benefits. Successful applications for small-scale construction projects that have implemented 3D printing have shown improvements in cost, production time, and design freedom and complexity. However, for large-scale applications, there are various limitations and factors hindering the adoption of additive manufacturing technologies. In this paper, a systematic literature survey of recent 3D printing technologies was conducted specific to the area of construction engineering, and the various techniques, materials, software, and technical and nontechnical aspects were analyzed. The key applications and their benefits are outlined, and their potential for large-scale applications is articulated. Future research areas for these components are suggested to strengthen the technical readiness and feasibility of adopting 3D printing technology in construction engineering and industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In organic solar cells (OSCs), the intricate synthesis and lower yield of ladder-type fused ring small molecule receptors (FR-SMAs) have prompted the quest for simpler, higher yielding non-fused ring (NFR)-SMAs. In this paper, a type of NFR asymmetrical SMA with an A–D–π–A structure, namely DPCT8-4F and DPCT10-4F, was primarily designed and synthesized, in which an alkyl chain dipyran (DP) ring, cycllopentadithiophene (CT) and fluorinated 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (4F) are employed as the donor (D) unit, π-bridge and acceptor (A) terminals, respectively. The influence of the alkyl chain originating from the DP unit on their optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties was systematically investigated. The DPCT8-4F with n-octane chains exhibited enhanced crystallinity and molecular packing compared to the DPCT10-4F with n-decane chains. After being blended with the polymer donor PBDB-T, the OSCs based on PBDB-T:DPCT8-4F demonstrate an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.52%, surpassing that of 11.68% for the DPCT10-4F-based ones. This work demonstrates that these asymmetric NFR-SMAs can improve the efficiency of OSCs by pairing alkyl chains on the dipyran ring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effective Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality paradigm is proposed to facilitate introductory robotics course in the first-year engineering curriculum. The AR/VR Application utilization and its impact on the students' learning with respect to robotic assembly and robotic application programming is emphasized in this article. The paper delves into a comprehensive review of the related works presented in the literature. The requirements for the physical assembly and virtual assembly of movable robots are meticulously highlighted. To facilitate course learning a robotic workshop involving steps introduction to robotics, and practical experience on the robot is conducted. The delivery of the course content is made much more effective by inculcating the Virtual experience of the Robotic assembly process. The virtual robotic assembly and manual physical robotic assembly process processes have their own uniqueness and importance and it is left to the students to pick them on a priority basis. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed course is determined by conducting an online quiz, collecting student feedback, tabulating and analyzing the results. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in creating interest in robotics and related courses among first-year engineering students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major components of Outcome Based Education (OBE) are an outcome-based curriculum, outcome-based teaching & learning, and outcome-based assessment. Courses in Outcome based curriculum are designed with a goal of what a student will be able to do at the end of the course. In this paper, the course development process is covered in detail to meet the OBE. The Course development process comprises of four distinct stages. These are course planning, course designing and developing, course implementation, and course evaluation. The output of the course planning and course designing phases leads to the emergence of well-defined course topics that are to be implemented. Writing Course objectives and outcomes play a vital role in OBE. Various levels of engineering course development are also presented. While developing the new course, Bloom's levels and engineering knowledge categories are used. Two methods are presented to map the course outcomes with program outcomes. In method 1, the number of classroom sessions planned are used for mapping. In the second method, matching components are used for mapping. The course evaluation process is also discussed in this paper to meet student-centric learning. Experiments indicate that engineering course development using all three Bloom's domains with engineering knowledge categories addresses the maximum number of graduate attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Military operations necessitate swift and informed choices under duress. This paper explores the intersection of military and engineering sciences, proposing a novel framework that leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced engineering simulations to bolster military decision-making. GenAi, using a cutting-edge large language model, is employed to analyze vast datasets of historical military campaigns, engineering feats, and terrain data. By integrating GenAi's analytical prowess with physics-based engineering simulations, the framework enables the creation of high-fidelity virtual battlefields. These simulations can incorporate real-world factors like weather patterns, troop movements, and equipment capabilities. Military commanders can utilize these simulations to experiment with various strategies and assess potential outcomes before committing troops. The framework facilitates the exploration of complex scenarios, including combined arms maneuvers, logistical support chains, and the efficacy of novel weaponry. Through iterative simulations, commanders can refine their plans, identify potential weaknesses, and optimize resource allocation. This paper highlights the advantages of this AI-powered approach, including enhanced situational awareness, improved risk assessment, and the ability to train for unforeseen circumstances. It also acknowledges the challenges associated with data security, model bias, and the ethical considerations of employing AI in warfare. Finally, the paper proposes future research directions to refine the framework and ensure its responsible implementation within the military domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Descriptive geometry has indispensable applications in many engineering activities. A summary of these is provided in the first chapter of this paper, preceded by a brief introduction into the methods of representation and mathematical recognition related to our research area, such as projection perpendicular to a single plane, projection images created by perpendicular projection onto two mutually perpendicular image planes, but placed on one plane, including the research of curves and movements, visual representation and perception relying on a mathematical approach, and studies on toothed driving pairs and tool geometry in order to place the development presented here among them. As a result of the continuous variability of the technological environment according to various optimization aspects, the engineering activities must also be continuously adapted to the changes, for which an appropriate approach and formulation are required from the practitioners of descriptive geometry, and can even lead to improvement in the field of descriptive geometry. The imaging procedures are always based on the methods and theorems of descriptive geometry. Our aim was to examine the spatial variation in the wear of the tool edge and the machining of the components of toothed drive pairs using two cameras. Resolving contradictions in spatial geometry reconstruction research is a constant challenge, to which a possible answer in many cases is the searching for the right projection direction, and positioning cameras appropriately. A special method of enumerating the possible infinite viewpoints for the reconstruction of tool surface edge curves is presented in the second part of this paper. In the case of the monitoring the shape geometry, taking into account the interchangeability of the projection directions, i.e., the property of symmetry, all images made from two perpendicular directions were taken into account. The procedure for determining the correct directions in a mathematically exact way is also presented through examples. A new criterion was formulated for the tested tooth edge of the hob to take into account the shading of the tooth next to it. The analysis and some of the results of the Monge mapping, suitable for the solution of a mechanical engineering task to be solved in a specific technical environment, namely defining the conditions for camera placements that ensure reconstructibility are also presented. Taking physical shadowing into account, conclusions can be drawn about the degree of distortion of the machined surface from the spatial deformation of the edge curve of the tool reconstructed with correctly positioned cameras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Point clouds, image data, and corresponding processing algorithms are intensively investigated to create and enrich Building Information Models (BIM) with as-is information and maintain their value across the building lifecycle. Point clouds can be captured using LiDAR and enriched with color information from images. Complementary to such dual-sensor systems, thermography captures the infrared light spectrum, giving insight into the temperature distribution on an object's surface and allowing a diagnosis of the as-is energetic health of buildings beyond what humans can see. Although the three sensor modes are commonly used in pair-wise combinations, only a few systems leveraging the power of tri-modal sensor fusion have been proposed. This paper introduces a sensor system comprising LiDAR, RGB, and a radiometric thermal infrared sensor that can capture a 360-degree range through bi-axial rotation. The resulting tri-modal data is fused to a thermo-color point cloud from which temperature values are derived for a standard indoor building setting. Qualitative data analysis shows the potential for unlocking further object semantics in a state-of-the-art Scan-to-BIM pipeline. Furthermore, an outlook is provided on the cross-modal usage of semantic segmentation for automatic, accurate temperature calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes a tetrahedral kite activity that was implemented with grade 9 students (age 14-15). We detail how the three-part lesson provided opportunities to integrate mathematics and art concepts, with potential to also weave in science and engineering ideas. The first part primed students to consider tetrahedral kites, their cultural and historical significance, and the materials needed for constructing the kite. The second part had students create a prototype using nets of tissue paper decorated with mark making techniques. The third part had students create a tetrahedron kite containing cultural and geographical mark making techniques on the tissue paper sides before flying the kites at a community event. We conclude the article with recommendations to help other teachers integrate mathematics and visual arts topics through tetrahedral kites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Briefe zur Interdisziplinarität is the property of Oekom Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

X. Li, D. Zhang, and Y. Hou [[21]] monitored ground deformation during the excavation process of shield tunnels in water-rich strata and verified the results using the numerical software FLAC 3D. Thus, secondary grouting of the existing tunnel should be carried out promptly before the tunnel underpass excavation. The first paper, authored by X. Li, Y. Yang, X. Li, and H. Liu [[14]], introduced three shield tunnel construction cases to acquire the main driving parameters for the evaluation of cutting head clogging. The second paper, prepared by J. Du, Q. Fang, J. Wang, and G. Wang [[2]], divided the process of a high-speed train passing through a railway tunnel into three stages, according to the spatial relationship between the train and the tunnel. [Extracted from the article]

The general purpose of this study was to determine the potential of using a gamified platform in the development of scientific writing skills among engineering students at a Peruvian university. To this end, a gamified web platform named Call for Papers for Engineers was designed. This platform contains mini-games focused on developing reading and writing skills for articles related to the engineering area. A quantitative methodological approach was employed, with a quasi-experimental design involving two groups: an experimental group and a control group, with pre-and post-test measurements. Additionally, the gamified platform was validated through expert judgment, and user satisfaction levels were assessed. The main results indicate that the content developed in the course and the use of the gamified web platform were effective teaching methods, as the students in the experimental group demonstrated higher performance after using the gamified platform compared to the control group. Furthermore, participants in the study expressed satisfaction with the use of this technological resource, finding it motivating and user-friendly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanotube cement-based grouting materials currently mostly stay in the pure slurry research stage, and there is little research in the field of rock crack reinforcement combined with the engineering application background. Therefore, on the basis of existing research, it is important to expand the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in cement paste, and to carry out research on the reinforcement of fractured rocks in combination with the engineering background. This paper combines the actual needs of construction engineering to prepare carbon-based nanomaterials, and analyzes its impact on construction engineering in combination with experiments. Moreover, this paper analyzes the influence of carbon nanotubes on the macro-mechanical properties of cement-based materials, and studies the influence of modified carbon nanotubes on the macro-mechanical properties of cement-based materials. In addition, this paper explores the micromechanical properties of carbon nanotube cement materials at the nanometer scale. The research results verify the effectiveness of carbon-based nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of blockchain-based software applications requires today considerable technical knowledge, particularly in software design and programming. This is regarded as a major barrier in adopting this technology in business and making it accessible to a wider audience. As a solution, low-code and no-code approaches have been proposed that require only little or no programming knowledge for creating full-fledged software applications. In this paper we extend a review of academic approaches from the discipline of model-driven engineering as well as industrial low-code and no-code development platforms for blockchains. This includes a content-based, computational analysis of relevant academic papers and the derivation of major topics. In addition, the topics were manually evaluated and refined. Based on these analyses we discuss the spectrum of approaches in this field and derive opportunities for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising waves of Industry 4.0, Sustainable Development Goals and COVID-19 have resulted in repercussions that have challenged the status quo. In preparation, Action Design Research (ADR) was used in Engineering Education as an adaptive mechanism. This research paper follows a 5-year development journey of a Business Engineering course at a South African university. The paper discusses the adaptations and refinements in response to the waves above and how they were integrated in the content, presentation and assessments of the course. Furthermore, this paper extracts generalizable findings for Engineering Education and reflects on the design of the next cycle of the course in anticipation of further waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design for assembly (DFA) is a common engineering technique aiming to reduce assembly costs, increase productivity, and reduce parts cost and material flow. Traditional DFA methods are based on CAD modelling and analysis using specific algorithms comprising the DFA rules. However, such traditional approaches lack of practicality and capability to consider the assembly know-how of designers and manufacturers. In order to overcome some of the limitations of current DFA methods, in this paper a new DFA system based on a haptic-enabled virtual reality approach is proposed. The proposed system, named haptic-enabled VR design for assembly (HVR-DFA), is able not only to simulate the product assembly and collisions among parts, but also to evaluate the product design and assemblability, and to automatically generate assembly planning data from the virtual assembly task execution. Consequently, the user can interactively assess DFA rules and part interferences during the virtual assembly execution. To evaluate the feasibility of the system, a case study corresponding to the assembly of a mechanical component is presented and analysed. The results have demonstrated that the proposed system is an effective DFA tool and more practical than the traditional methods. Moreover, it benefits from the know-how of the assembly experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The notion of stability margin (SM) plays an important role in control engineering. For multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems, the classic SM is no longer applicable. The one‐loop‐at‐a‐time analysis method may lead to unreliable SMs. Although some robust SM analysis methods are popular in MIMO systems, they are model‐based or not easy‐to‐use in engineering sometimes. In this paper, ℒ2$$ {\mathcal{L}}_2 $$ gain margin and ℒ2$$ {\mathcal{L}}_2 $$ time‐delay margin are defined for linear MIMO systems, and a corresponding SM analysis method is proposed by utilizing a loop transformation and the small‐gain theorem. Most importantly, a data‐driven method for measuring the defined SMs is also presented. As a frequency‐domain method, this method can be used to experimentally obtain the SMs of MIMO systems on model‐free occasions. The proposed SM analysis method and measurement method are simple and practical. Two simulation studies and an experimental test are performed to illustrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of digital media among student community has increased their level of distraction during classroom teaching. Capturing their attention in classrooms, has become a cumbersome task for teaching faculty. Therefore, most of the academic institutions have resorted to the use of activity-based learning for science and engineering students that were originally used for teaching school students. This paper presents a comparative study on the effectiveness of different teaching learning methods applied to three groups of engineering students in Computer Science and Bio-Technology, evaluated by conducting tests and feedbacks. Also, a comparative study was performed to assess the effectiveness of conventional and modern evaluation tools. The results show that the subject understanding level of the students increased by 67–76% when any of the activity-based learning method was used. The study confirms the potential use of activity-based method for teaching learning and ICT tools for performance evaluation, for engineering students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steel structures are invariably analyzed and designed excluding the global stiffening effect of the roof cladding. Including this effect historically required complex design methods or deprecated standards. This paper presents a simplified numerical modeling method which allows this stiffening effect to be included. The method is an extension of the already established Component Method but utilizes only elements commonly available in typical design and analysis software. The results of the models were favorably compared to standardized test cases; an average difference of 0.24 mm maximum displacement was found, corresponding to a 3.4% discrepancy. The consistency of these results implies that the proposed model can be considered to be used for scientific and practical purposes when assessing a building's most realistic behavior is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foundry Technology (1000-8365) is the property of Foundry Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) approach has a variety of benefits for all children as it triggers multiple senses through hands-on activities, experiential learning, exploration opportunities on different scientific topics, and various tools and materials. Five STEAM activities were designed and implemented with fifteen 60–72-month-old children over a five-week period. Each activity required children to make their own designs to create their product, and was prepared to emphasize a particular feature of STEAM education. Instrumental case study was utilized in this study. It was observed that children engage more and spend more time, demand additional materials and use their imagination to design more creative and various products in STEAM activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Railway Construction Technology is the property of Railway Construction Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reviews the recent advances on the combination of component mode synthesis and model order reduction for geometrically nonlinear analysis, focusing on fixed-interface substructures and non-intrusive reduced-order models. These approaches offer significant potential for engineering applications by enabling accurate mechanical behavior prediction without detailed geometric and material information. Additionally, they facilitate safe sharing and collaboration between companies, reducing design times and production costs while also offering computational efficiency. However, challenges remain, indicating the need for future improvements in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of metamaterial recently emerged as a new frontier of scientific research, encompassing physics, materials science and engineering. In a broad sense, a metamaterial indicates an engineered material with exotic properties not found in nature, obtained by appropriate architecture either at macro-scale or at micro-/nano-scales. The architecture of metamaterials can be tailored to open unforeseen opportunities for mechanical and acoustic applications, as demonstrated by an impressive and increasing number of studies. Building on this knowledge, this theme issue aims to gather cutting-edge theoretical, computational and experimental studies on elastic and acoustic metamaterials, with the purpose of offering a wide perspective on recent achievements and future challenges. This article is part of the theme issue, 'Current developments in elastic and acoustic metamaterials science (Part 2)'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modeling is often associated with complex and heavy tooling, leading to a negative perception among practitioners. However, alternative paradigms, such as everything-as-code or low-code, are gaining acceptance due to their perceived ease of use. This paper explores the dichotomy between these perceptions through the lens of "modeler experience" (MX). MX includes factors such as user experience, motivation, integration, collaboration and versioning, and language complexity. We examine the relationships between these factors and their impact on different modeling usage scenarios. Our findings highlight the importance of considering MX when understanding how developers interact with modeling tools and the complexities of modeling and associated tooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]