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This article presents a dataset that contains information on the sales and valuations of enslaved individuals in New York and New Jersey from 1672 to 1856. The dataset includes 2,362 entries and provides details on the prices and characteristics of 3,378 enslaved persons. It is the first dataset of its kind for the Northern states and offers insights into the history of slavery in the region, including the demand for enslaved labor, the shift from imported to domestic slaves, and the growth of the enslaved population in the Hudson Valley. The dataset is valuable for researchers studying slavery in the North and for comparing it to slavery in the South. It is also useful for historians, genealogists, and local history researchers. The sources for the dataset include archival collections, online search engines, newspapers, dissertations, and secondary source publications. The data was compiled for research purposes and will be used in a forthcoming book. The dataset can be accessed through the Harvard Dataverse and is represented on Enslaved.org. The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. [Extracted from the article]

The article titled "Manumissions of Enslaved Persons Recorded in Registers of Deeds in Montserrat National Trust Archives" explores the historical records of manumissions, or the freeing of enslaved individuals, in Montserrat. The author discusses the significance of the Registers of Deeds, which served as the official record of legal documents related to property, including enslaved people. The article highlights the rarity of manumissions in Montserrat and notes the presence of copies of manumissions executed in Dominica. The dataset, which covers the period from 1722 to 1834, provides valuable insights into this aspect of Montserrat's history. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of History in Africa: A Journal of Method is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An essay is presented on the strategies of educational historians in the U.S. to establish their relevance from 1972 to 2007 based on articles in two journals. Educational historians reportedly operate in a broad context of educational change which urge scholars to defend their studies to those who do not work in the field. Also detailed is the historiographic analysis of the journals of professional bodies Midwest History of Education Society and the Organization of Educational Historians.

The essay presents the author's autobiographical profile of her career as a research historian, focusing on her work studying the 19th-century American social activists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Details are given describing her academic life from undergraduate studies at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts, through her entrance into college-level teaching at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, to her tenured position at Rutgers University of New Jersey.

Comments on an essay by scholar Jonathan M. Wiener on the history of radical historians in the U.S. Corrections on the essay; View on Wiener's characterization in the essay.

From 1988, when he published his first paper in the history of computing, until his death in 2008, Michael Sean Mahoney was one of the leading international figures in the history of computing. This biography focuses on Mahoney's contributions to computing history and how he came to study this topic. His research in other areas of the history of science and technology is covered here only to the extent that it helps to explain the context for his work in computer history. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Mr Chiang Kai-shek is a key historical figure of twentieth century China. The studies of his life and thought have attracted many scholars' attention during his lifetime as well as after his death in 1975. In recent years, along with the opening of the archives of Academia Historica, the Chronological Events (Shilue gaoben), and the Diary of Chiang Kai-shek, once again the topic of Chiang has become a focus among China scholars who study the Republican period. Besides numerous conferences and workshops recently held in Taipei, Beijing, Hangzhou, and other cities in both mainland China and Taiwan, academic circles in America, Europe, and Japan have also held some seminars regarding Chiang Kai-shek. The current overseas studies on Chiang Kai-shek can be divided into two groupings geographically: the Euro–American group and the Japanese group. These two groups, plus those from Taiwan and Mainland China, have formed the four most important academic traditions. In spite of their different views and ideologies, these four are able to influence each other and even to come to similar conclusions. These can be summarized as a more positive image of Chiang whose major achievements include fighting the Japanese in WWII and building a modern China in various ways. This paper, relying on overseas research results, will try to help researchers understand the current situation of studies on Chiang Kai-shek in the world so as to lay a better academic foundation for their own further studies. However, because of all kinds of limitations, this paper will rely mostly on the research achievements of English and Japanese works. Research works in other languages and from other regions will have to wait for later efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The sociology of the South, as a substantive area research interest, emerged during the 1800s as a means to rationalize and preserve the cultural norms of slavery era whites who would soon experience seismic social shocks including the Civil War and emancipation of enslaved blacks. The person singularly cited as the architect of this area of study is Howard W. Odum. Although Odum is identified as the person most responsible for the development of this field, archival data indicate that W. E. B. Du Bois and the men and women of the Atlanta Sociological Laboratory were its first practitioners. In this paper evidence is offered to show that Du Bois's Atlanta University efforts predated Odum's North Carolina research program. Additionally, an explanation for Du Bois's marginalization in the existing sociology of the South literature is offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses authenticity and how it is selectively used by Civil War reenactors to create credible reenactments. The Civil War provides a structured set of scenarios for reenactors to use as a backdrop for their participation. Some use this backdrop to bring objects to the forefront and others use this setting as a way to interact with an audience person to person. This research indicates that authenticity may come through on different levels for individuals participating in the same activity. An authentic experience or object is authentic because it has an important immediate meaning. The objects and narratives displayed by reenactors may be set in specific history but this does not mean that these same objects and narratives are part of that history. This paper contributes to the study of authenticity by examining groups of Civil War reenactors and where their focus of authenticity lies whether it is on authentic objects or interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a speech by Holocaust Memorial Museum historian William F. Meinecke Jr. delivered at the symposium "The International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg: Examining Its Legacy 75 Years Later" held at The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School in Charlottesville, Virginia on November 19, 2021. Topics discussed include the focus of the United States v. Altstoetter or Justice Case on Administration of Justice officials, and criminal procedure employed in the case.

The article presents a speech by U.S. Army regimental historian and archivist Fred L. Borch III delivered at the symposium "The International Military Tribunal (IMT) at Nuremberg: Examining Its Legacy 75 Years Later" held at The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center and School in Charlottesville, Virginia on November 19, 2021. Topics discussed include the rationale behind the symposium, background of the IMT, and the Nazi war crimes during World War II tackled at the Nuremberg trials.

While recent historical studies have uncovered the intercontinental reputations of New England alchemists, much still remains to be known about actual attitudes concerning alchemy in the early colonies. Focusing on a corpus of roughly a dozen untranslated, and all but entirely unexamined Latin orations (ca. 200 pages) composed by Harvard College's presidents and students in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, I argue that these new sources reveal the ambivalent, occasionally antagonistic attitude that educated New England men held towards the art of alchemy. Appreciating what they regarded as, in some cases, selfless, Christian efforts to cure diseases, these Harvard elite speakers still worried that alongside pious investigators had cropped up some self-serving charlatans, those who cared not for the communal promises of the art, but only the base financial reward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frederick Jackson Turner and Herbert Eugene Bolton are regarded as the founders of the field of western history. Bolton was a student of Turner's, and they corresponded until Turner died. While Bolton maintained that he was Turner's disciple, his work posed a challenge to Turner's ideas about the frontier. Yet Turner did not address or incorporate Bolton's work in his own, and Bolton did not seem to recognize that he had challenged Turner. This essay explores their complex relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of History in Africa: A Journal of Method is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History in Africa: A Journal of Method is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The use of quantitative methods in leading historical journals increased dramatically in the 1960s and declined sharply after the mid-1980s. The JIH is an invaluable source for analysis of the boom and bust in the use of quantitative methods in history; the journal remained under the same editors for almost fifty years and made no attempt to change editorial policies during that period. Shifting patterns of content and authorship in the JIH from the 1980s to the early 2000s reveal how the journal responded to a dramatic decline in quantitative submissions by U.S.-based historians. Recent years have seen a revival of quantification both in the JIH and in mainstream historical journals, especially among historians located at institutions outside the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles Fanning is a founding figure in the study of Irish American literature. In this interview, Fanning discusses the backgrounds of his scholarly career and the emergence of Irish American literature as a subspecialty. He notes his indebtedness to his mentor John V. Kelleher. Fanning discusses his research career, taking note of a number of the authors and writings he has retrieved and analyzed; prominent among these are the "Mr. Dooley" columns of the Chicago humorist Finley Peter Dunne. Fanning's indisputable masterwork is The Irish Voice in America: Irish-American Fiction from the 1760s to the 1980s (1991), which he discusses here. He comments on the relevance of regions, gender, and religion in Irish American fiction. He offers extensive remarks on the realist novelist James T. Farrell, whom Fanning places at the center of the twentieth-century tradition. He makes observations on the current status of Irish American ethnicity and its literary expression. The interview concludes with Fanning discussing his writings since retirement, which include a memoir and a novel-in-progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the loyalism of American historian Thomas Hutchinson, who was the last civilian governor of the Massachusetts colony. Topics include Hutchinson's role in the events leading to the Revolution in Boston, his accounts of Massachusetts' history, and exile during the final years of his life. Also discussed are Hutchinson's occupational achievements, reception of his histories, and concerns as a historian.

The article profiles U.S. historian, scholar, and educator Angie Debo, particularly her significance in the use of ethnological sources in her study of the American Indian experience and her professional relationship with University of Oklahoma U.S. history professor Edward Everett Dale. It examines the academic divide between Debo and Dale, the Frontier thesis of U.S. historian Frederick Jackson Turner, and Debo's use of sources in her scholarship.

This paper reviews briefly the development of ethnohistory in the United States and discusses current involvement by American ethnohistorians in analysis and validity of oral tradition and documents in terms of cultural process. It relates theoretical postulates of cultural stress to historical reconstructions and it indicates the present world-wide interests of the American Society for Ethnohistory and its professional journal, Ethnohistory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented on mentoring history graduate and undergraduate students, focusing on mid-20th century U.S. perspectives. It comments on the experiences of historian Christopher Lasch, who was mentored by historians Donald B. Meyer and William E. Leuchtenburg. The author considers the correspondence of historian David M. Potter, including letters to historians Ralph Henry Gabriel and Lillian Schlissel. Students' perspectives on diversity in the 1930s and 1940s are also explored.

News briefs related to the history profession, especially Western U.S. history, are presented. A tribute to U.S. historian Edwin R. Bingham (1920-2009) is presented. Calendar events for 2010 are mentioned for the Western Social Science Association, the Berkshire Conference on Women's History, and other organizations. A section of job changes and awards is also presented.

An essay is presented which discusses significant contributions of historian David F. Schmitz to the analysis of U.S. foreign relations historiography. It explored his criticisms on U.S. foreign policy implementation by then U.S. President Richard Nixon, his publication of books about the Vietnam War such as "Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War: The End of the American Century" and "The Tet Offensive: Politics, War, and Public Opinion," and his outlook on the outcome of the Vietnam War.

An essay is presented which discusses scholarship and legacy of historian David F. Schmitz particularly his significant contributions to U.S. foreign relations historiography. Topics explored include his publication of books on historical subjects such as World War II and the Vietnam War, the accomplishments he earned as a history teacher and author, and his criticisms of American foreign policy development and implementation.

An essay is presented which discusses accomplishments and legacy of historian David F. Schmitz particularly his significant contributions to U.S. foreign relations historiography. Topics explored include his education at Rutgers University in New Jersey and teaching career at Whitman College in Washington, the awards he earned such as the Burlington Northern Foundation Faculty Achievement Award, and his influence on his students and colleagues in the historical profession.

An interview with American intellectual historian and history professor Martin Jay is presented. Among the issues he discussed include what first drew his attention to conduct the first comprehensive study of Frankfurt School critical theory, the gradual shift in his scholarly concerns, turning to the question of vision, and his vision on the future of humanities.

Historians of America's post-war social movements have said little about the financial underpinnings of activism, and this article aims to address this oversight. It focuses on the Black Panther Party, which was formed in Oakland, California, in 1966, and was soon one of America's most visible, and controversial, black power organizations. The article sketches the array of funding sources from which the party drew, and reconstructs the apparatus it fashioned to steward those resources. It condenses the discussion to one of the organization's most lucrative streams, that of book publishing, and relates this to the period's literary culture, which, in the US, witnessed a 'black revolution in books'. Between 1968 and 1975, members of the party published some ten books, which together raised $250,000 in advances, and additional sums through their sale, serialization, and translation. The production of these works relied on the assistance of several freelance writers, and was guided by the party's commercial agency, Stronghold Consolidated Productions. By recovering the role of these groups and the infrastructure they fashioned, the article shows how publishing was connected to the wider financial structure of the organization, and prompts us to see that the Panthers' books were not just accounts of their activism, but examples of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though focused on Austrian Studies, the essay illuminates a broader question: how Austria fared as a topic of study in the American academy until today. It follows the stages of scholarly analysis since the 1960s that have been set by the disciplines of History and German, thus predetermining what has been called a two-pronged approach: Austrian Studies in the fields of history and political science (with the reference to Central Europe at the center), and Austrian Studies as exploration of the cultural, literary and linguistic features of the country (with constant negotiations of Austrian independence from German culture). American historians were leading in the revision of the self-created concept of a past without Nazism. Austrian-Jewish refugee Germanists knew much about the Nazi past but applied their energies to de-provincializing American Germanistik and reforming the canon with authors like Kafka, Musil, Kraus, and Broch, As the "Waldheim Affair" in 1986/7 overshadowed the happy indulgence with Vienna 1900, American scholars have developed a critical appreciation, in which Habsburg's multiculturalism attracts new attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers an overview of the life and work of Gerald N. Grob. As part of a generation of scholars intent on overturning the old "Whig history" of medicine, Grob pioneered the use of institutional history as an analytical tool. His work on American psychiatry combined a formidable command of archival sources with a strong commitment to putting medical practice in social context. Grob's personal and political views put him at odds with other scholars of the asylum; he conducted some very public feuds with David Rothman and Andrew Scull. At the same time, he showed a more benevolent side to younger historians interested in psychiatry; he took particular pains to encourage women (including the authors of this introduction) to enter a historical specialty then dominated by men. To honor Grob's legacy as a scholar and a person, this special issue features articles written by several generations of scholars influenced and inspired by his work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with American Historian John Haynes is presented. When asked about family, he gives a brief description of his birthplace, family members and upbringing. He discusses his interests in academics particularly in history, the Cold War period in U.S., and his decisions and educational background that made him choose history as a career.

Moses I. Finley's Cambridge Inaugural Lecture, The Ancestral Constitution (1971), contains unexpected and significant traces of Moses Finkelstein's collaboration with Frankfurt School intellectuals and of his political activity on the American left. Thus, we learn that Max Horkheimer's analysis of political authority in "Egoism and the Freedom Movement" (1936) influenced The Ancestral Constitution's grim portrayal of historical misrepresentation in ancient Athens, seventeenth-century England, and the United States. Equally, the lecture provides glimpses, perhaps unintended, of Finley's left-wing political activity in the 1930s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers a tribute to American author and historian J. Mills Thornton III. Particular focus is given to Thornton's works on Alabama's history and politics, including his books "Politics and Power in a Slave Society" and "Dividing Lines." Thornton's scholarship on the 20th century civil rights movement in Alabama, including in regard the African American civil rights activist Rosa Parks, is discussed.

Argues that although American professional historians had been writing modern French history, they have yet to produce a book that equaled those of the best French historians. Advantages of American historians over their French counterparts; Capacity for astonishment of American historians.

News briefs related to the study of Pacific history are presented. A tribute to U.S. historian Sharon L. Sievers (1938-2010) is presented. Activities of history associations such as the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association, the Western Association of Women Historians, and others are discussed.

Abstract: By contrast with the U.S., where oral history is valued by corporate bodies and where oral historians actively engage with business history, British oral historians continue to regard elite oral history with deep suspicion. And for their part, U.K. business historians and archivists remain skeptical about the value of oral testimony. Few British oral historians venture beyond a well-worn focus on working-class experience, the marginalized and the voiceless. While advocacy-led oral history should remain a key focus for oral historians, so must we also use our methodology to document our society more widely and to step outside our comfort zones and engage with interview subjects which challenge our radical credentials. This paper explores reasons for the marked contrast of attitude to elite oral history between Britain and the U.S., arguing that it is rooted in the rather different origins of oral history in the two countries. It draws on corporate oral history project work at the British Library—such as oral histories of the British publishing industry, the Tesco supermarket chain, Royal Mail, branding consultancy Wolff Olins, and the financial center of the City of London including Barings Bank—to argue the case for oral history's contribution to the public understanding of business history and corporate culture. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Holton's maintains that in explaining the origins of the U.S. Constitution historians have emphasized the concerns expressed by elites while overlooking the issues that most troubled large numbers of "ordinary" Americans. The strength of the argument is that Holton gives voice to the protests and grievances of small farmers and debtors, who believed that the state governments were imposing oppressive and unjust taxes during the 1780s. Yet his argument has several weaknesses. First, he overlooks regional differences within the country in the way that state legislatures responded to the taxation issues of the 1780s. Southern states, in which slave labor was most important, addressed the complaints quickly and minimized conflict among whites. Second, Holton overlooks the work of the historian Jackson Turner Main, which suggests that there was no definite connection between indebtedness and opposition to the U.S. Constitution. Finally, Holton's narrow focus on economic issues obscures the broader motives that led to writing and ratification of the U.S. Constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]