49,382 results on '"MARKETING strategy"'
Search Results
2. Revenue Generation Through Influencer Marketing.
- Author
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Beichert, Maximilian, Bayerl, Andreas, Goldenberg, Jacob, and Lanz, Andreas
- Subjects
INFLUENCER marketing ,SOCIAL media ,RATE of return ,MARKETING strategy ,ADVERTISING endorsements ,DIRECT selling ,TARGET marketing - Abstract
Direct-to-consumer firms increasingly believe that influencer marketing is an effective option for seeding. However, the current managerially relevant question for direct-to-consumer firms of whether to target low- or high-followership influencers to generate immediate revenue is still unresolved. In this article, the authors' goal is to answer this question by considering for the first time the whole influencer-marketing funnel, that is, from followers on user-generated content networks (e.g., on Instagram), to reached followers, to engagement, to actual revenue, while accounting for the cost of paid endorsements. The authors find that low-followership targeting outperforms high-followership targeting by order of magnitude across three performance (return on investment) metrics. A mediation analysis reveals that engagement can explain the negative relationship between the influencer followership levels and return on investment. This is in line with the rationale based on social capital theory that with higher followership levels of an influencer, the engagement between an influencer and their followers decreases. These two findings are derived from secondary sales data of 1,881,533 purchases and results of three full-fledged field studies with hundreds of paid influencer endorsements, establishing the robustness of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Influencer Mix Strategies in Livestream Commerce: Impact on Product Sales.
- Author
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Gu, Xian, Zhang, Xiaoxi, and Kannan, P.K.
- Subjects
LIVE streaming ,INFLUENCER marketing ,USER-generated content ,SOCIAL media ,ADVERTISING effectiveness ,MARKETING strategy ,ELECTRONIC commerce - Abstract
A new trend in influencer marketing is livestream commerce, which combines influencers' live video streaming with e-commerce. Little is known, though, about how firms should develop their influencer strategies to maximize product sales. Given a budget constraint, marketers may choose to employ a single, "big" influencer with a large number of followers or several small influencers. They may also employ a combination of both big and small influencers when their budget is adequate. Analyzing data from 1.3 million livestreams on TikTok, the authors find a negative interaction effect between big and small influencers when employed together due to decreased trust in big influencers and substitution effects. Further analysis reveals that livestream sales generated by a big influencer are adversely affected by small influencers who promoted the same product previously, but not the other way around. In addition, big influencers can reach a much larger audience, whereas small influencers are more effective at increasing the audience's conversion rates. Big and small influencers are also different in terms of how product and campaign characteristics moderate their sales effectiveness. Finally, the scenario analysis explores how the profitability of influencer strategies hinges on the influencer mix and their costs. This research is one of the first to investigate the sales effectiveness of influencer marketing and to provide general guidelines for developing influencer mix strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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4. The CEO of Abbott on Revamping Its Breakthrough Diabetes Device.
- Author
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Ford, Robert B.
- Subjects
CONTINUOUS glucose monitoring ,TREATMENT of diabetes ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,MARKETING strategy ,PRODUCT launches ,MEDICAL equipment ,DIABETES - Abstract
In 2008 Abbott introduced a revolutionary new device, FreeStyle Navigator, designed to improve the lives of the world's more than 500 million diabetes patients by offering continuous glucose monitoring with technology that could translate an electrochemical signal from the body into precise, real-time data. Doctors and patients who tried the device appreciated it—but it was bulky, hard to manufacture, and expensive. And without widespread adoption, it wouldn't have the hoped-for impact. Abbott's leaders soon realized that they needed to go back to the drawing board. Four years later they launched FreeStyle Libre, a reimagined continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system in which an even smaller sensor applied to a patient's arm sends data directly to a smartphone app every minute. It is now used by millions globally, and by the end of 2024 it will have generated more than $5 billion in revenue, making it one of the most successful medical devices—as measured by usage and sales—in history. The pivot from the Navigator to the Libre was a deeply consequential decision for Abbott, and others can learn from the principles the company's leaders followed to arrive at and then execute on that choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
5. Standardization and Adaptation as a Coconstituted Process: The Pursuit of Relational Fit in International Markets.
- Author
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Poulis, Konstantinos
- Subjects
EXPORT marketing ,STANDARDIZATION ,MARKETING strategy ,MARKETING ,LEGAL judgments ,INTERNATIONAL markets - Abstract
Marketing products/services internationally entails a bold decision that has high-cost implications and significant performance consequences: Should the firm standardize or adapt its marketing strategy across borders? The dilemma is a seminal issue, and perhaps the most enduring in international marketing scholarship. However, despite the voluminous work on the topic, an ontological assumption induces inconclusive conceptualizations and impedes theoretical advancement. The author contends that a self-contained, atomistic representation of the standardization/adaptation decision is such an impediment. This work problematizes a portrayal of the decision as if it is taken following a detached, own judgment of broad environmental contingencies. In turn, the study builds on fit literature and promotes an alternative perspective that acknowledges relational imperatives for requisite theorizing. Hence, standardization/adaptation is framed as a coconstituted process toward relational fit, with international marketing strategies being contingent on the role of significant "others." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Using an incentive-compatibility due-date quotation to improve the performance for one-of-a-kind production shop floors controlled by load-based pull systems.
- Author
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Huang, Guodong and Khojasteh, Yacob
- Subjects
PRODUCTION control ,QUOTATIONS ,MANUFACTURING industries ,MARKETING strategy ,RETAIL stores - Abstract
For one-of-a-kind production (OKP) manufacturers adopting an engineer-to-order or make-to-order marketing strategy, it is very important to set an appropriate due date. We design an incentive-compatibility due-date quotation procedure to help OKP manufacturers obtain the rational due-date quotation from OKP customers. Based on the rational due-date quotation decision-making, the performance of an OKP shop floor controlled by load-based pull systems is evaluated in simulation. Our findings show that if the collaboration of due-date quotations and load-based pull control is effective, the order profit of OKP manufacturers will not be reduced when the delivery delay occurs. This study can provide more insights on order quotation decision-making and pull production control for OKP manufacturers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Employee spinouts along the value chain.
- Author
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Adams, Pamela, Bahoo-Torodi, Aliasghar, Fontana, Roberto, and Malerba, Franco
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VALUE chains ,NEW business enterprises ,MARKETING strategy ,ACADEMIC-industrial collaboration ,INCUMBENCY (Public officers) - Abstract
While much of the academic literature on spinouts focuses on new ventures launched by the ex-employees of incumbent firms within the same industry, recent research shows that spinouts may also enter a focal industry from "knowledge contexts" outside of the incumbent industry. In particular, recent studies show that spinouts may enter from both upstream and downstream industries related to a focal industry along the value chain. Such spinouts have been called user-industry and supplier-industry spinouts. In this article, evidence from existing studies is collected to provide an indication of the relevance of such spinouts across various industries. This survey also includes an analysis of industry studies in which user- and supplier-industry spinouts may have been present but were not identified as such by scholars due to a difference in focus. The paper then considers the evidence accumulated to date in order to explore the industry contexts in which these two types of spinouts appear and to develop propositions concerning differences in the entry timing and product/market strategies of these startups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. On the Path to Decolonizing Health Care Services: The Role of Marketing.
- Author
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George, Reece, D'Alessandro, Steven, Mehmet, Mehmet Ibrahim, Nikidehaghani, Mona, Evans, Michelle M., Laud, Gaurangi, and Tedmanson, Deirdre
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MEDICAL care marketing ,DECOLONIZATION ,INDIGENOUS Australians ,MEDICAL care ,ACTOR-network theory ,HOLISM ,MARKETING strategy - Abstract
Despite considerable investment, health outcomes for First Nations people are well below those of the rest of the population in several countries, including Canada, the United States, and Australia. In this article, the authors draw on actor-network theory and the case of Birthing on Country, a successful policy initiative led by First Nations Australians, to explore the decolonization of health services. Using publicly available archival data and the theoretical guidance of actor-network theory, the analysis offers insight into how marketing techniques and technologies can be deployed to achieve improved health outcomes and implement decolonized approaches. The insights provided have theoretical implications for marketing scholarship, social implications for understanding and implementing an agenda of decolonization, and practical implications for health care marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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9. The Impact of In-Store Inspirational (vs. Deal-Oriented) Communication on Spending: The Importance of Activating Consumption Goal Completion.
- Author
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Grewal, Dhruv, Ahlbom, Carl-Philip, Noble, Stephanie M., Shankar, Venkatesh, Narang, Unnati, and Nordfält, Jens
- Subjects
SALES promotion ,RETAIL industry ,CONSUMER behavior ,INSPIRATION ,GOAL (Psychology) ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,MARKETING strategy - Abstract
In-store communication delivered through technological formats (e.g., kiosk, digital display) and nontechnological formats (e.g., magazine cover, flyer) can help retailers enhance sales by delivering relevant content to consumers. Although prior research has examined the effects of deal-oriented content that primarily offers promotions for a single product on shopper spending, the effects of inspirational content that sparks ideas (e.g., ways to use products) on spending are unclear. Inspirational content can affect spending differently from deal-oriented content as it activates stronger motivation for consumption goal completion. This article proposes that inspirational content activates stronger motivations for the consumer's goal completion and therefore increases spending more than deal-oriented content does. The authors propose and empirically test the hypotheses using data from a set of experimental studies, a field experiment, and an eye-tracking study. The results show that inspirational content increases spending more than deal-oriented content or no content does. This effect is mediated by consumption goal completion, such that it is attenuated when consumers already have consumption goals or when the content detracts from inspiration-induced goals. These results suggest that retailers can increase sales by using clear, inspirational content in their communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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10. A Meta-Analysis of Brand Extension Success: The Effects of Parent Brand Equity and Extension Fit.
- Author
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Peng, Chenming, Bijmolt, Tammo H.A., Völckner, Franziska, and Zhao, Hong
- Subjects
BRAND extension ,BRAND equity ,BRANDING (Marketing) ,MARKETING ,MARKETING strategy ,BUSINESS expansion ,PARENT companies ,INFORMATION theory in economics - Abstract
Given the high failure rates of brand extensions, insights into the drivers of brand extension success are critical for marketing practitioners and scholars. Prior research has inferred that parent brand equity and extension fit are the two key success drivers; however, empirical findings are mixed. Drawing on signaling theory, categorization theory, and a large database of 2,134 effect sizes from research spanning 1990–2020, the authors address these mixed findings through a meta-analysis to develop empirical generalizations. The results show that parent brand equity and extension fit positively influence extension success. However, the multifaceted dimensions of these two drivers have differential effects. For example, among the fit dimensions, usage fit has the weakest effect. While the results suggest an overall positive interaction effect between the two drivers, a fine-grained perspective that considers the drivers' various dimensions reveals differences. For example, brand familiarity appears to have a lower interaction effect with extension fit than the other dimensions of parent brand equity. Furthermore, the authors provide a comprehensive analysis of five groups of moderators: contextual factors (parent brand, extension, communication, and consumer factors) and research method factors. The authors offer managerial and future research implications for the design of brand extension strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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11. "Choozing" the Best Spelling: Consumer Response to Unconventionally Spelled Brand Names.
- Author
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Costello, John P., Walker, Jesse, and Reczek, Rebecca Walker
- Subjects
CONSUMER behavior ,TRADEMARKS ,LANGUAGE in advertising ,BRANDING (Marketing) ,BRAND personification ,MARKETING strategy - Abstract
An increasingly common strategy when naming new brands is to use an unconventional spelling of an otherwise familiar word (e.g., "Lyft" rather than "Lift"). However, little is known about how this brand naming strategy impacts consumers' beliefs about the brand and, ultimately, their willingness to support it. Eight experimental studies demonstrate that, in general, consumers are less likely to support unfamiliar brands whose names are spelled unconventionally compared with brands that use the conventional spelling of the same word. This occurs because consumers perceive the choice of an unconventionally spelled name as an overt persuasion attempt by the marketer and thus view the brand as less sincere. Using mediation and moderation, the authors demonstrate that these effects are driven by persuasion knowledge and show robustness by employing different types of unconventional spellings. The studies suggest that although marketers may choose unconventional spellings for new brands with the goal of positively influencing consumers' perceptions, doing so may backfire. However, unconventionally spelled names do not produce a backfire effect when the motive for selecting the name is seen as sincere. Further, unconventionally spelled brand names may even be desirable when consumers are seeking a memorable experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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12. The Past and Future of Gender Research in Marketing: Paradigms, Stances, and Value-Based Commitments.
- Author
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Peñaloza, Lisa, Prothero, Andrea, McDonagh, Pierre, and Pounders, Kathrynn
- Subjects
GENDER ,MARKETING research ,RESEARCH ethics ,MARKETING strategy ,MARKETING periodicals - Abstract
This systematic literature review enhances paradigmatic/metaphysic analyses by examining how value-based commitments, intellectual personae, and stances impact the diversity, relevance, and consideration of ethics in gender research published by the top-tier marketing journals in the past 30 years. Theoretical contributions (1) explain how commitments to research values and practices constitute personae and particular stances toward research, (2) attribute value commitments to quantitative/positivist as well as qualitative/neohumanist research, and (3) implicate stances that favor particular theories and procedures and in turn enable the hierarchical development of gender research and its marginalization in the field. Recommendations elaborate the analytic, reflexive, and administrative training and research activities that will foster and reward more relevant, accurate, and ethical research on gender in the marketing academy and in industry. This work is of interest to persons dealing with gender identities, communities, and social issues, those working for greater gender representation and participation in firms and civic organizations, and those concerned with leveraging better marketing research for a better world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Modeling and customer churn prediction using deep learning.
- Author
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Sundaram, Gayathri, Reddy, Venkateswar, Reddy, Thirupathi, and Reddy, Rakesh
- Subjects
CUSTOMER loyalty ,CONSUMERS ,CUSTOMER retention ,MARKETING strategy ,SEMANTICS - Abstract
For a business to succeed, customer loyalty is crucial. The retention of loyal customers is a primary goal for any business. The success of companies, which rely on recurring revenue, depends on keeping their customers happy. Costs to acquire new customers are high. Super costly. This makes retaining them essential, regardless of the size of your market. Attempting to out-acquire a rising churn rate is futile. The importance of knowing the meaning of the word "loyalty" becomes clear when a company's success hinges on it. The recent progress made in representation learning provides an opportunity to streamline and generalize feature engineering for all kinds of different applications. This study uses a real-world telecom dataset to predict customer churn and suggests using boosting to improve existing models. In this research, a feature set optimized LSTM is proposed to predict telecom customer churn on Telecom dataset. To ensure maximum profit, we also offer some marketing strategies in line with the clustering results and simulate a simplified marketing activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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14. Japan Food & Drink Report.
- Subjects
FOOD marketing ,NON-alcoholic beverages ,LIQUORS ,CONSUMER preferences ,MARKETING strategy - Abstract
The article discusses Japan's food and drink market, forecasting robust growth in food spending driven by trends in premiumisation, convenience, and health consciousness. It highlights challenges facing the alcoholic drinks sector due to increasing health awareness and market maturity, contrasting with opportunities in non-alcoholic beverages spurred by innovation and changing consumer preferences.
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- 2024
15. The Trolling of Corporate America.
- Author
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ASPAN, MARIA
- Subjects
CORPORATIONS ,ONLINE trolling ,CAPITALISM ,BRAND name products ,MARKETING strategy ,SALES promotion ,ORGANIZATIONAL ideology ,SUSTAINABILITY - Abstract
The article delves into the organized political trolling and stakeholder capitalism facing U.S. corporations. It presents the case of beer brand Bud Light, which employed a transgender social media influencer for its marketing and promotion. It discusses the fundamental flaw of stakeholder capitalism and stresses the need for companies to balance capitalism with corporate values, diversity and sustainability, to be accountable to higher standards and combine profit and purpose.
- Published
- 2023
16. Medow Brite Enterprises: a growth strategy dilemma
- Author
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Chatterjee, Joyee and Sawant, Sandeep
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- 2024
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17. A new level of refinement at Sirah Heritage Holdings
- Author
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Sahim, Ahmad Izzat Fauzan and Raja Yusof, Raja Nerina
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- 2024
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18. Beyond purchase intention in sports sponsorship: an alternative approach to measuring brand equity using best-worst scaling
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Almaiman, Khaled Hamad, Ang, Lawrence, and Winzar, Hume
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- 2024
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19. A brand loyalty–risk framework in the luxury watch market
- Author
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Silva, Pedro, Moreira, António Carrizo, Almeida, Sílvia, and Moutinho, Victor
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- 2024
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20. Rethinking the marketing mix: a Gecko Kids dilemma in the digital era
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Ladsawut, Jeynakshi and Mustun, Tasneem
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- 2024
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21. Developing a global B2B strategy for products and services management: practical guidance from the field
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Mora Cortez, Roberto and Lecaros, Roberto
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- 2024
- Full Text
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22. Hiking experience attributes and seasonality: an analysis of topic modelling.
- Author
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Luo, Jian Ming and Shang, Ziye
- Subjects
TOURISM marketing ,CONSUMERS' reviews ,HIKING ,MARKETING strategy ,HIKERS - Abstract
Hiking tourism is an essential means of destination development. A holistic understanding of the hiking experience could benefit destination management. This study adopted topic modelling and an online review-based approach to determine the key attributes of hiking tourism in the context of seasonality. Data were collected from TripAdvisor and a comprehensive list of the attributes, discussed by hikers when visiting Dragon's Back Trail in Hong Kong, is constructed and categorized into five aspects. Insights into the hikers' interests and concerns about the experience attributes across seasons are revealed. The results show that the concerns for some attributes are more sensitive in specific seasons compared with other attributes. Precisely, this study found that seasonality has heterogeneous effects on hikers' experience. The results are beneficial to support local hiking tourism marketing and hedging strategies for different seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Consumers' attitudes and intentions toward functional beverages: a lesson for producers and retailers.
- Author
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Kowalska, Aleksandra, Leoniak, Krzysztof, and Sołowiej, Bartosz Grzegorz
- Abstract
Functional foods and drinks benefit human health beyond adequate nutritional effects. The rising popularity of functional beverages (FBs) is associated, among others, with their convenience and capacity to meet consumer needs. This research study aimed to explore the predictors of consumers' intentions toward functional beverages FBs and develop guidelines for how producers and retailers could develop adequate strategies regarding the products. The online questionnaire survey examined consumers' willingness to purchase (WTP) FBs in three categories: (i) yogurts, kefirs; (ii) isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic drinks; (iii) smoothie drinks, and fruit/vegetable cocktails. The questionnaire considered consumers' values, attitudes, and intentions toward FBs. A four-stage hierarchical multiple regression was undertaken. Predictors of WTP products from the selected groups differed. Women were more willing to buy fruit and vegetable-based FBs than men. Reward from using functional foods was the strongest predictor of consumers' WTP dairy FBs and sports drinks. We suggest conducting an experimental study in the future, which should allow us to best determine cause-and-effect relationships between values and attitudes and WTP FBs. Food habits are essential determinants of consumer intentions toward FBs; hence, we suggest promoting healthy nutrition habits within public–private partnerships. Retailers that offer health foods and employ societal retailing may disclose this information in sustainability reporting. The originality of this study resides in designing a model for assessing consumers' attitudes and intentions toward FBs belonging to three selected categories. Previous studies were usually focused on the functional food market in Asian countries. We examined consumers' WTP FBs in a European country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Sensing hotel customers distribution and their sentiment variations using online travel agent data: a case of Shanghai star-rated hotels.
- Author
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Wu, Yuting, Wang, Jingbo, Xia, Yu, Li, Qiyue, and Pan, Yue
- Subjects
TRAVEL agents ,CONSUMERS ,HOTELS ,MARKETING strategy ,DEEP learning ,LOYALTY - Abstract
Customer numbers and comments have been extensively studied to increase hotel arrivals and loyalty, whereas the specific distribution and sentiment variations have received less attention. This study constructed a data set of hotel customers and the deep learning model was applied to quantify unstructured text, which can mine the distribution and sentiment variation patterns of different star hotel customers. The findings show that customers of different star-rated hotels have different variation patterns of sentiment and distribution. There is a negative correlation between the visit heat and sentiment of some high-star hotels in various administrative regions: regions with lower visit heat have higher sentiment scores. In addition, season and location are important factors that affect customers' sentiments. This study is the first to use a quantitative approach to examine the distribution and sentiment variation patterns of hotel customers. It provides insights into appropriate marketing strategies for the hotel industry and offers practical suggestions to hotel customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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25. A Quantitative Study on Environmental Sustainability in Ecotourism: The Need for Eco-Smart Technology Integration in Marketing Dynamics.
- Author
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Pawar, Bhakti, Chakraborty, Arnab, Gala, Deepali, Patil, Bhaskar Vijayrao, Joshi, Bhavesh P., and Khanna, Kirti
- Abstract
Introduction: 'Ecotourism' refers to tourism that promotes and preserves a site's eco-heritage to make tourists aware of the cultural past and protect the environment at the same time. The elementary impression behind ecotourism is that it signifies an appealing alternative to the mass tourism paradigm, significantly altering the natural and social circumstances of tourist destinations worldwide. Purpose: To study the various factors responsible for the prospects and development of ecotourism, including marketing strategies, which necessitates and deliberates for society's well-being and the safeguarding of the landscape. Need for the study: This research provides perceptions into the economic, environmental, and social factors and the marketing tools that influence the sustainable development of ecotourism and to address the historical neglect or minimal consideration of environmental impacts associated with tourism practices. Methodology: The study involved quantitative analysis gathering primary data from 100 respondents and inclusion of secondary data sourced from journals and articles. The collected data underwent testing and analysis, employing descriptive statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, and structural equation modelling (SEM). These analyses successfully established relationships among the variables under investigation. Findings: The study recommends a futuristic plan to boost the sustainable growth of ecotourism on the basis of the findings of the study. Practical implication: The research underscores the pivotal role of local community engagement, education, enhanced visitor experiences, and strategic promotion facilitated by eco-smart technologies in fostering the sustainable growth of ecotourism destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. FROM PLATE TO PLANET: FACTORS INFLUENCE THAI CONSUMERS' ADOPTION INTENTION AS SOURCES OF ACTUAL BEHAVIOR DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT-BASED FOOD.
- Author
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Kamonphon Nakhonchaigul and Kampanat Siriyotha
- Subjects
STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,PERCEIVED control (Psychology) ,PLANNED behavior theory ,CONTROL (Psychology) ,MARKETING strategy ,CONSUMER behavior ,PLANT-based diet ,CONSUMERS ,DIFFUSION of innovations theory - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. ADVERTISING AS AN INFLUENCING FACTOR ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR.
- Author
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Farooq, Samiya and Maqbool, Adeel
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ADVERTISING ,ADVERTISING management ,CONSUMER behavior ,COMMUNICATION in management ,MARKETING strategy ,COMMON misconceptions ,MARKETING ,CONSUMERS ,SOCIAL impact - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Tourism destination marketing strategy driven by big data.
- Author
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Zhou, Dan
- Subjects
PLACE marketing ,TOURIST attractions ,MARKETING strategy ,TOURISM marketing ,TOURISM ,BIG data - Abstract
In this study, the marketing strategy of tourism destination driven by big data is deeply discussed. Firstly, the application of big data in the tourism industry and the current strategy of tourism destination marketing are analyzed, and then the research methods are designed through factor analysis and big data analysis theory. After processing and factor analysis of the collected data, the influence of big data on tourism destination marketing strategy is analyzed, and the possible optimization path is explored. At the same time, the problems and challenges encountered in this process are also found and analyzed. Based on these analysis results, this study provides some theoretical and practical implications to promote the application of big data in tourism destination marketing strategies. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of big data and factor analysis in the formulation of future tourism destination marketing strategy, and puts forward the direction of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The mirror effect in online survey data: Evidence and implications for marketing theory and strategy.
- Author
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Stocchi, Lara, Bellman, Steve, Pourazad, Naser, Michaelidou, Nina, and Wright, Malcolm
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MARKETING theory ,MARKETING strategy ,BRANDING (Marketing) ,BRAND identification ,RECOGNITION (Psychology) ,INTERNET surveys ,MEMORY bias - Abstract
This research reveals the presence, in online survey data, of a key pattern documented in psychology lab research: the Mirror Effect. The Mirror Effect occurs when unfamiliar stimuli are unexpectedly recognized as accurately as familiar stimuli, or more accurately. Using a set of familiar and unfamiliar words (as determined by lexical frequency), we first report that we can robustly replicate psychology lab research in an online survey, detecting the Mirror Effect. We then apply the same analytical approach to surveying consumer recognition of everyday brands (supermarkets, banks and car brands). We find that unfamiliar brands can be recognized with the same level of accuracy as familiar brands, and this effect is stronger than age and gender memory biases present in the data. However, we detect a boundary condition for branded apps, which are extremely unfamiliar brands competing in highly fragmented marketplaces, so very few get downloaded or used. For these digital brands, we find a Concordant Effect, as most respondents find it difficult to recognize highly unfamiliar branded apps (i.e., those with fewer than 5000 downloads). The Mirror Effect re‐emerges for highly experienced app users. These results demonstrate the implications of a generalizable empirical pattern from cognitive psychology for branding and advertising theory. The outcomes of this research also translate into practical guidelines for brand performance measurement via online surveys, mitigating recognition memory bias for the development of marketing strategies based on more accurate interpretation of empirical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. 品牌营销视角下农产品市场营销战略分析.
- Author
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张峰源
- Abstract
Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Transforming Europe? The EU's industrial policy and geopolitical turn.
- Author
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McNamara, Kathleen R.
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL policy ,MARKETING strategy ,LABOR unions ,NATION building ,GEOPOLITICS ,NEOLIBERALISM - Abstract
Markets require rules, made and enforced by governments, and modern market-making has therefore unfolded as an intrinsic part of state-building. While the European Union is not a state, it has not been immune to these processes. Over the last three decades it has expanded its Single European Market and created a currency while constructing European political authority and deepening its institutional capacities. The EU has done this through supranational market-making largely centred on neoliberal precepts of competition and openness. Today, however, the EU is breaking with that tradition by pursuing a visibly interventionist European industrial policy and geopolitical market strategy. I suggest a theoretical framework to illuminate how this policy turn may reconfigure the EU's political authority and build it as a polity. After briefly identifying the contours of the new European industrial and geoeconomic policy, I outline a research agenda to probe how the new market activism may reformulate societal interests and coalitions, increase the politicisation of the EU's governing institutions, raise the stakes for democratic legitimation, and project the EU as a geopolitical actor. The conclusion notes how this new market-making translates into significant policy challenges for both the EU and the international economic order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The launch of a local spice brand: Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid.
- Author
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Bukhari, Faheem, Hussain, Saima, Rashidi, Muhammad Zaki, and Khurram, Sara
- Subjects
MARKETING mix ,MARKETING strategy ,ORGANIZATIONAL goals ,MARKETING ,ORGANIZATIONAL ideology - Abstract
Marketing mix strategy plays an important role and serves as a road map for achieving organizational and marketing objectives. An effective marketing mix in the food brand segment strengthens the product's image, recognition, perception and market share by offering superior value to its customers. The purpose of this case study was to review the marketing mix strategy of a local spice brand with a focus on the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) customers. The case revolved around many questions, encompassing several aspects related to brand marketing, marketing mix strategies, communication and brand distribution, and the company's core values and vision and its alignment with the mission. The data for this case study were acquired from secondary sources. The information set highlighted the marketing mix and raised questions regarding the underlined challenges faced by the brand for penetrating and maintaining its presence in the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. STUDENT ATTRACTION AND MARKETING STRATEGIES IN A TECHNICAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE: A BRAZILIAN CASE STUDY.
- Author
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Walter, Cicero Eduardo, Ferasso, Marcos, Vasconcelos, Stefhany Amorim, Fortes, Paulo Jordão, Júnior, Odias Cursino, and Assunção Franco, Maxwell Klinger
- Subjects
JOB performance ,MARKETING strategy ,CORPORATE culture ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,PROJECT management ,INSTITUTIONAL investments ,VOCATIONAL education ,MARKETING research - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Strategi Pemasaran Produk Kur Syariah Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pendapatan Pt Pegadaian Syariah Unit Bone.
- Author
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Rusnadia, Kamiruddin, and Idayanti, Rini
- Subjects
BUSINESS development ,BUSINESS revenue ,BONE products ,MARKETING strategy ,ISLAMIC law ,CUSTOMER loyalty - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS) is the property of Green Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. DIFFUSION OF INNOVATION THEORY ADAPTATION IN GENOMIC-BASED PRODUCT MARKETING STRATEGY.
- Author
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Marbun, Levanya Martina
- Subjects
DIFFUSION of innovations theory ,MEDICAL personnel ,MARKETING strategy ,TARGET marketing ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
With the rise of preventative healthcare needs after the COVID-19 pandemic, tanyaDNA, a genomics company in Indonesia, seeks to introduce Lifestyle and Pharmacogenomic Testing. This study explores using Diffusion of Innovation Theory to create a targeted marketing strategy for this new service. There's a lack of awareness and affordability concerns surrounding the test, along with a knowledge gap between the company, healthcare professionals, and the target market. The research aims to assess the theory's applicability, bridge these understanding gaps, and promote successful integration of the test into Indonesian healthcare. This can inform marketing strategies for other genomics companies looking to expand beyond COVID-19 testing. The study focuses on the JABODETABEK area of Indonesia and utilizes surveys and interviews to gather data. The findings can help bridge the gap between product creators and target markets, especially regarding the perspectives of key healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Impact of Lifestyle on Online Purchasing Decisions and Repurchase Intentions of Shopee Customers.
- Author
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Syafriya, Indra and Lahindah, Laura
- Subjects
CONSUMER behavior ,CUSTOMER satisfaction ,BRAND choice ,CONSUMERS ,MARKETING strategy ,CONSUMER preferences ,INTENTION - Abstract
Purchasing decisions because many factors can influence how buyers act towards products or services. When buyers want to buy something, they have to go through several stages. The initial stage is problem recognition, where they know what they need. Once they know what they need, they will be encouraged to seek additional information to meet their needs. Each person has unique characteristics. There are different cultures, ages, educations, jobs, activities, and hobbies. Producers must be able to steal the attention of various consumers so that the goods they sell are purchased. Marketers must understand consumer behavior, actions and ways of thinking so they can create effective marketing strategies. Consumers will respond to marketers' actions if they have the right strategy. The ability to compete increases when marketers take over the study of consumer behavior. There are several components that influence repurchase intentions, namely 1. Consumer satisfaction: if customers are satisfied with the services provided, the company will become better in the eyes of customers, reduce purchasing costs, reduce failure costs, increase profits, and reduce trial and error purchases. so customers will prefer to buy again. 2. Brand preferences: brands are constituents of differentiation attributes that influence customers' perceptions of what they buy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Identifying structural asymmetries by jointly estimating tourism expenditure intensity and extensity.
- Author
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Alfarhan, Usamah F, Nusair, Khaldoon, Okumus, Fevzi, and Nikhashemi, SR
- Subjects
STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,FOREIGN exchange market ,MARKETING strategy ,TOURISM ,TOURISTS - Abstract
This article proposes a structural framework for the joint estimation of tourists' daily personal expenditures (intensity) and length of stay (extensity). We reconceptualize commonly accepted exogeneous determinants of both outcomes into a set of exogenous antecedents pre-existing the travel decision and a set of endogenous mediators that capture the role of market exchange after the travel decision and corresponding choices are made. Findings reveal that the effects of some exogenous factors, such as gender, income, and motives on total spending are fully mediated within the intensity and extensity components, absent of any direct impacts. Other factors, such as nationality, appear not to influence spending due to offsetting mediated effects. As these forces are difficult to discern via reduced-form modeling, the proposed structural framework provides tourism managers with deeper insight into the footprints of established expenditure determinants, potentially improving upon the efficacy of marketing strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. AN EXPLORATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS CONCERNING ACCOMMODATION CHOICE BEHAVIOR OF TOURISTS IN LUONG PRABANG, LAO PDR.
- Author
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Nitipon Putachote and Thanuset Chokpiriyawat
- Subjects
HOTELS ,TOURISM ,COUNTRY of origin (Immigrants) ,TOURISTS ,MARKET segmentation ,MARKETING strategy ,ADVERTISING effectiveness ,AGE groups ,TRANSPORTATION ,DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics ,SUSTAINABLE tourism - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A Journey From Customer Acquisition to Retention: An Integrative Model for Guiding Future Gaming Marketing Research.
- Author
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Tuguinay, Jovanie, Prentice, Catherine, Moyle, Brent, Vada, Sera, and Weaven, Scott
- Subjects
MARKETING research ,CUSTOMER loyalty ,CUSTOMER retention ,RELATIONSHIP marketing ,MARKETING strategy ,CONCEPTUAL models ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Casinos operate in a competitive environment. Relationship marketing has become a central focus of casino marketing practice. However, the literature lacks any clearly identified marketing strategies for customer acquisition and retention. This article employs a systematic literature review method to identify and delineate acquisition and retention strategies for the casino sector. The findings revealed measures and antecedents for customer acquisition, retention, casino consumption, and loyalty. The study draws on these findings to present a conceptual model that categorizes customer acquisition and retention strategies. Suggestions and recommendations are highlighted for practitioners and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. 碳市场介入对建筑企业应用装配式 绿色低碳建筑的决策影响研究.
- Author
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张云华, 蒋智琳, 谢洪涛, and 刘彦彤
- Subjects
PREFABRICATED buildings ,SUSTAINABLE construction ,SUBSIDIES ,MARKETING strategy ,CONSTRUCTION industry - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Engineering Management / Gongcheng Guanli Xuebao is the property of Journal of Engineering Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Market insights exploration and product technology build-up: latecomer firms' catch-up strategies.
- Author
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Chen, Xiao, Chen, Roger, and Zheng, Gang
- Subjects
SMARTPHONE industry ,MARKETING strategy ,INCUMBENCY (Public officers) ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
Prior research on catch-up strategies often provides insights from the technology-related perspective and ignores some non-technological factors. Through the multi-case study of China's smartphone industry, we develop a theoretical framework explaining how latecomer firms catch up through diverse strategic choices. We identify two strategic paths that latecomer firms follow to catch up and surpass the incumbents. One path is to explore new business opportunities via deep market insights and then combine them with building up product technologies. Another path is from product technology build-up to market insights exploration. Firms following this path usually start with building up essential technologies and act as fast followers for new market insights. Then, as they continue developing their technological strengths, these firms devote efforts to improving their ability to capture new market insights. This study challenges the 'first imitation, then innovation model' discussed in the literature and shows that latecomer firms can pursue cutting-edge innovations in their early activities. The research also shows that, unlike previous studies, the technology build-up is not the only path to help latecomers catch up and challenge incumbent leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. How to utilize the information gap for blind box marketing better: evidence from plane tickets.
- Author
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Qiu, Ziyi, Chen, Sirong, Law, Rob, and Zhang, Mu
- Subjects
MARKETING ,MARKETING effectiveness ,TICKETS ,MARKETING strategy ,INFORMATION theory - Abstract
Blind boxes have swiftly emerged as a prominent marketing strategy in tourism. Based on information gap theory, this research aims to explore how to optimize marketing effectiveness through varying levels of information gap. Findings show that a moderate-level information gap triggers stronger impulsive purchase intention than a high-level information gap, with curiosity and anxiety perception mediating the effect. Moreover, consumers with a low-risk propensity are particularly sensitive to the impact of the information gap level. These findings contribute theoretically and provide practical guidance for optimizing the marketing of plane ticket blind boxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. TFP, ICT and absorptive capacities: micro-level evidence from Colombia.
- Author
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Castillo, Juan Carlos and Vonortas, Nicholas S.
- Subjects
MARKETING costs ,DIGITAL communications ,PLANT assimilation ,TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,MARKETING strategy - Abstract
This paper explores ICT investment and different types of absorptive capacity (realized and potential) as determinants of micro-level TFP in Colombia from 2008 to 2018. Our empirical output suggests that productivity is positively affected by ICT expenditures as well as by the presence of those IT-related potential absorptive capacities that strengthen knowledge acquisition and assimilation inside the plant: online transactions (e-commerce) and the use of network communication platforms(e-communication). Realized absorptive capacities such as R&D cooperation and marketing expenditures (signaling firms' ability to exploit and transform available information) are found to only induce TFP growth if combined with appropriate IT capabilities: R&D collaboration paired with e-communication and, marketing strategies connected with e-commerce. These results remain robust to various productivity indicators, issues of reverse causality (TFP-ICT link) and even to different IT-related proxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The Impacts of Digital Marketing on Brand Awareness: Consumers Perspectives on Sportswear Industry.
- Author
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Nyange, Eunice Frank
- Subjects
SOCIAL media in marketing ,BRAND awareness ,MARKETING strategy ,MARKETING ,SPORTSWEAR industry - Abstract
For “centuries” manufacturers have been using marketing tools to disseminate information to customers regarding their products. The development of internet has forced companies to use digital technologies to interact with customers and tell them about their products. The purpose of this study was to analyse the impact of digital marketing on brand awareness among the customers of sportswear in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. This study applied analytic crosssectional design to analyse quantitative collected from sportswear customers that were selected using simple random technique. The data was gathered using structured questionnaire from 250 sportswear customers in Kigamboni and Kinondoni districts. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression model. The findings of this study indicate that, five marketing tools namely, content marketing, social media marketing, affiliate marketing, paid advertising marketing and pay-per-click marketing have positive and significant impact on brand awareness. On the contrary, e-mail marketing was found to have non-significant impact on brand awareness. This study has informed customers that searching for information regarding sportswear products is less time consuming and low cost. Moreover, this study informs sportswear manufacturers have to use more paid advertisements marketing since they capture more customers. Based on the findings, this study recommends that sportswear to invest heavy and continue to improve their paid advertising and pay-per-click marketing campaigns and to combine digital marketing and traditional marketing strategies for effective ad wide coverage in order to achieve higher brand awareness. The two-marketing media can create a synergy that is more beneficial than using either medium separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Finger millet; its processing, value added products and marketing strategies: A review.
- Author
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John, Gloriya Mariya, Kaur, Amandeep, Gorige, Sravya, and Guleria, Muskan
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. التسويق الوردي والاستدامة في السعودية : تحليل الأثر البيئي للمنتجات الموجهة للنساء من منظور طالبات جامعة الطائف بتربة.
- Author
-
مني عبد الرحمن حس
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,MARKETING strategy ,PINK ,AWARENESS ,ADVERTISING - Abstract
Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
47. Digital News Audiences in Mexico: Age Segment Analysis.
- Author
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Elena Gutiérrez-Rentería, María, Abraham Ruiz-Sanchez, Edgar, and Vara-Miguel, Alfonso
- Subjects
DIGITAL technology ,NEWS consumption ,TRUST ,MARKETING strategy ,MARKET segmentation ,HABIT - Abstract
Copyright of Palabra Clave is the property of Universidad de la Sabana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Effects Of Social Interactions on Purchase Intention in E-Commerce: An Analysis Based on The Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Model.
- Author
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Thi Van Anh Pham, Trung Minh Ngo, and Alomari, Abdallah
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC commerce ,SOCIAL interaction ,MARKETING strategy ,CONSUMER attitudes ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling - Abstract
This study examines the effects of social interactions, including online review quality and source credibility, on consumers' risk perception and purchase intention in e-commerce based on the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model. Further, it investigates the role of risk-related feelings (immediate negative emotions) in consumers' decision-making journeys. We used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to analyze 405 online questionnaires. Our analysis reveals that review quality and source credibility lower perceived risk and risk-related feelings while enhancing purchase intention. Moreover, it indicates that the online decision journey is twofold and varies based on emotions. Our results have considerable theoretical and practical implications. We enrich consumer risk perception and behaviour literature by incorporating social interactions and risk-related feelings. We also provide several impactful suggestions for marketing strategies for e-commerce businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Development of Digital Promotion and Service Quality Enhancement at Bhumi Kalegan Coffee.
- Author
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Diana, Nur and Nuvriasari, Audita
- Subjects
MARKETING strategy ,DIGITAL technology ,CUSTOMER loyalty programs ,QUALITY of service ,SOCIAL media in marketing - Abstract
Marketing strategy is crucial and has a significant impact on businesses or enterprises. One key aspect of marketing strategy is the use of digital technology and social media. With technological advancements, companies can reach a broader audience and interact with them more personally and in real-time. This program aims to improve the effectiveness of digital promotions and the quality of services through content creation, building customer loyalty, and enhancing service quality. The implementation methods include company needs surveys, the creation of customer loyalty programs, content creation, and documentation. The outcomes include developing employees' skills in creating engaging and humorous promotional content, innovating in promotional content selection, increasing engagement on TikTok and Instagram, and positive customer responses to customer loyalty initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Comparative approach between traditional banking marketing and participative banking marketing.
- Author
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Jihad, Benatia and Oussama, Bourkiza
- Subjects
ANXIETY disorders ,COGNITIVE therapy ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,MENTAL health - Abstract
The efficient treatment of anxiety-related disorders and memory recall is significant, regarding the occurrence of these disorders and their relationship with poor psychology operational. Thus, this study aims to measure the modern evidence on the efficacy of CBT on anxiety- disorders and memory recall in elderly in Amman, Jordan. Quasi-experimental intervention was conducted combined with qualitative approach. Purposive sampling method was used to sample 46 elderly resident in Amman. Feedback and observation were used to collect qualitative data. The tests of “The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory” (STAI), “Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test” (RAVLT), and Narrative Recall Assessment (NRA) were used to collect the data. SPSS 25.0 and NVivo software analyzed the data. The findings show that the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy program has a positive effect on anxiety decreasing, memory function and recalling in elderly people. Three major themes emerged “improved coping, increased confidence, positive engagement”. The positive findings highlight the importance of personalized CBT interventions in improving mental health among elderly people residing within an institutionalized care setting. The study contributions, recommendations, and future directions were explained at the end of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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