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A collision-free path planning method is proposed based on learning from demonstration (LfD) to address the challenges of cumbersome manual teaching operations caused by complex action of yarn storage, variable mechanism positions, and limited workspace in preform weaving. First, by utilizing extreme learning machines (ELM) to autonomously learn the teaching data of yarn storage, the mapping relationship between the starting and ending points and the teaching path points is constructed to obtain the imitation path with similar storage actions under the starting and ending points of the new task. Second, an improved rapidly expanding random trees (IRRT) method with adaptive direction and step size is proposed to expand path points with high quality. Finally, taking the spatical guidance point of imitation path as the target direction of IRRT, the expansion direction is biased toward the imitation path to obtain a collision-free path that meets the action yarn storage. The results of different yarn storage examples show that the ELM-IRRT method can plan the yarn storage path within 2s–5s when the position of the mechanism changes in narrow spaces, avoiding tedious manual operations that program the robot movements, which is feasible and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interposition graft rotator cuff repair is one option for the treatment of massive, otherwise irreparable rotator cuff tears. It is undetermined how different suturing techniques influence morphology at the patch‐tendon interface in interposition rotator cuff repairs, particularly with respect to increased cross‐sectional area at the repair site post‐exposure to cyclic loading, which may influence healing. We aimed to analyze how the morphology of the grafts used in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) interposition rotator cuff repairs differed according to whether the graft was secured using the multiple mattress technique or the weave technique respectively. Methods: Twelve PTFE interposition rotator cuff repairs (two groups, n = 6) were cyclically loaded. The thickness, width, cross‐sectional area at the individual patches and at the repair site, and patch elongation were compared between repairs using the 'multiple mattress' technique and repairs that used the 'weave' technique. Results: At all loads, repair site cross‐sectional area and thickness was greater in the weave group than in the multiple mattress group (P<0.05), despite repair site width being greater in the multiple mattress group (P<0.05). No significant differences in elongation were found between the multiple mattress and weave groups. Conclusion: Greater repair site cross‐sectional area under cyclic loading was observed in polytetrafluoroethylene interposition rotator repairs that used the weave technique than in those that used the multiple mattress technique. Increased repair site cross‐sectional area in the weave group occurred due to increased thickness and decreased width relative to the multiple mattress group. No differences in cross‐sectional area were found between groups at the individual patches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saree is one of the most popular ethnic Indian garments that enjoy the exclusivity of being reincarnated. It is an integral part of Indian cultural heritage. In the last few years there has been a grand revival of the saree as a popular cultural wear across the nation. Globalization and social media have been highly influential in this resurrection of interest in traditional wear. It all started when two Bengaluru-based friends Anju Maudgal Kadam and Ally Matthan, agreed to wear their sarees 100 times before the end of 2015 and, through social media, encouraged others to do the same. They intended to bring the traditional Indian saree back into their lives, and in the process of reviving the ethnicity they also became storytellers, recounting the histories and narratives woven into each of their sarees. Thereafter the #100sareepact became an Internet sensation, attracting media attention across the world. This paper would like to trace the journey of the Indian saree and also analyze how the saree-pact has forged virtual friendships among women in the Zuckerbergian cyberspace. Apart from creating a new fashion statement across the world it has also resulted in the revival of interest in the traditional Indian weaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposed study aims to discuss the methodology for measuring and evaluating controlled moisture distribution in woven fabric surfaces in the first part and the construction of woven fabric using hydrophobic and hydrophilic cotton yarns in the second part. Moisture distribution can be controlled in terms of the anisotropic (horizontal and vertical) and isotropic characteristics of the wetting of the cotton woven fabrics based on the combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic threads. A set of experimental samples using hydrophobic and hydrophilic threads in warp and weft was produced to monitor the moisture (water) distribution in woven fabric surfaces. For evaluating the controlled distribution of moisture (water) in these atypical woven fabric constructions, an algorithm (methodology) was proposed, where the object (liquid) was separated from the background (fabrics) and various objects and geometric characteristics depending on time were evaluated on the object. The algorithm itself consisted of several steps and was executed in a loop for the current frame at a given time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comprehension of capillarity phenomenon is important in chemical, printing, and textile dyeing. The current paper provides an insight into the diffusion of direct dyes into cellulosic materials with regard to the change of fabric characteristics, dye structure, and bath composition. First, an experimental device was developed and series of experiments were carried out using cotton as textile fabric model and direct dyes (Direct Orange 39, Direct Red 79, and Direct Red 80) as wicking liquids. Data were analyzed based on the evolution of diffusion rate [D (cm2/s)] versus C/C0. Results exhibited that the capillary ascension of dyes depends on weft count, weave structure, yarn type, angle contact, wet agent, dye structure, and dye concentration. The D (cm2/s) values were much higher than for twisted yarn. The tortuosity lowered the diffusion of the dye along with fabrics. The rate of water transport increased with weft count and it became more important when the structure of fabric is more tightened. Both inter-yarn space and vertical position of the fabric limited the ascension of the liquid. In brief, along this study, we demonstrated that the proposed apparatus could provide a potential evaluation of wicking phenomenon along with textile materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An effective suture method enables early active motion exercises and optimal post-surgical outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the tensile strength of three suture configurations – horizontal mattress (HM), vertical mattress (VM) and a cross suture for repair of a tendon weave. We hypothesised that the direction of mattress sutures relative to the tendon fibres would affect the tensile strength of tendon repair. Methods: Using porcine flexor tendons and the same number of surgical sutures, three tendon weave constructs differing in the method of suture were compared: HM suture configuration (conventional technique), cross-stitch (CS) configuration (conventional technique) and VM suture configuration (novel technique). Ten pairs of each group were mounted in a material testing machine and subjected to a simple tensile test and a cyclic loading test for their biomechanical comparison. Results: The VM group and CS group had significantly higher ultimate failure load, linear stiffness and fatigue strength as compared to the HM group. The failure mode was suture breakage or tendon rupture for the VM and the CS group, while the suture pullout of the tendon only occurred in the HM group. Conclusion: Among the three techniques used for repair of a tendon weave, the VM suture technique was demonstrated to have the greatest tensile strength and least associated with suture pull-out. The direction of the mattress suture in relation the direction of tendon fibres affects the strength of repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The beneficial effect of STF impregnation in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics has been extensively reported in the literature. However, this research work reports that fabric structure has a decisive role in moderating the effectiveness of STF impregnation in terms of impact energy absorption. Plain woven fabrics having sett varying from 25 × 25 inch−1 to 55 × 55 inch−1 were impregnated with STF at two different padding pressures to obtain different add-ons. The impact energy absorption by STF impregnated loosely woven fabrics was found to be higher than that of their neat counterparts for both levels of add-on, while opposite trend was observed in case of tightly woven fabrics. Further, comparison of tightly woven plain, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill and 2 × 2 matt fabrics revealed beneficial effect of STF impregnation, except for the plain woven fabric, establishing that there exists a fabric structure-STF impregnation interplay that tunes the impact resistance of woven fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weaving Industry has taken a very important place in the political, economic, social and commercial life of the Ottoman Empire. In this study, based on five centers (İzmir, Manisa, Bursa, Ankara and Konya), XVII. Along with the developments in the weaving industry in the Ottoman State in the century; fabric types, raw material production and marketing are tried to be explained. In addition, depending on the developments in the Eastern Mediterranean trade, the economic and social reflections of the changes of trade routes to İzmir hinterland to the region were emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon fiber bundles decorated with titanium dioxide/cadmium sulfide heterojunction can be weaved into photocatalyst cloth for eliminating various contaminants. Semiconductor heterojunction powders have exhibited the enhanced photocatalytic activities, but their practical applications have been limited due to their poor recycling performance from flowing wastewater. To solve these problems, with carbon fibers (CFs) as the fixing substrate, we constructed TiO 2 /CdS heterojunction as a model on CF surface by utilizing a hydrothermal-chemical bath deposition method. CFs/TiO 2 /CdS bundles display a wide photoabsorption with two photoabsorption edges (~410 and 520 nm). Furthermore, CFs/TiO 2 /CdS bundles can be weaved into macroscopical cloth (such as weight: 0.1 g, area: 4 × 4 cm2) which have considerable photocurrent density of 5.75 × 10−6 A/cm2. Under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm), macroscopic CFs/TiO 2 /CdS cloth can degrade 95.44% methylene blue (MB), 64.95% acid orange 7 (AO7), 91.37% tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) and remove 90.70% hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) after 120 min, higher than those by CFs/CdS (43.42% MB, 37.42% AO7, 31.76% TC and 30.45% Cr(VI)) or CFs/TiO 2 (12.84% MB, 10.48% AO7, 11.85% TC and 15.58% Cr(VI)). Thus, CFs/TiO 2 /CdS can act as a weavable and efficient photocatalyst for eliminating various pollutants from wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of weave and density on the shrinkage of fabric was studied. It was found that the longer the floating line, the more the weave shrinkage rate. When the material and weave were the same, both the warp and weft shrinkages increase with the increase of warp density. For the same sample, when the weft density was greater than the warp density, the weft shrinkage rate was greater than the weft shrinkage rate and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years the Whipple Carvallo Bicycle Model has been extended to analyse high speed stability of bicycles. Various researchers have developed models taking into account the effects of front frame compliance and tyre properties, nonetheless, a systematic analysis has not been yet carried out. This paper aims at analysing parametrically the influence of front frame compliance and tyre properties on the open loop stability of bicycles. Some indexes based on the eigenvalues of the dynamic system are defined to evaluate quantitatively bicycle stability. The parametric analysis is carried out with a factorial design approach to determine the most influential parameters. A commuting and a racing bicycle are considered and numerical results show different effects of the various parameters on each bicycle. In the commuting bicycle, the tyre properties have greater influence than front frame compliance, and the weave mode has the main effect on stability. Conversely, in the racing bicycle, the front frame compliance parameters have greater influence than tyre properties, and the wobble mode has the main effect on stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the mechanisms of how spatially distributed lane changes (LCs) interact and contribute to “capacity-drop” at three types of extended bottlenecks: merge, diverge, and weave. A hybrid approach is used to study the problem: analytical approach to capture the behavior of merging and diverging LCs and numerical simulations to quantify capacity-drop considering various geometric configurations of extended bottlenecks. This study focuses on the impact of LC vehicles’ bounded acceleration on “void” (wasted space) creation in traffic streams when they insert/desert at a lower speed, and interactions among multiple voids. We found that (1) LCs closer to the downstream end of bottlenecks are more likely to create persisting voids and contribute to capacity-drop. (2) For weave bottlenecks, capacity-drop is governed by two counteracting effects of LCs: persisting voids and utilization of vacancies created by diverging vehicles; (3) the more balanced the merging and diverging flows, the lower the capacity-drop; and (4) capacity-drop is minimum if merging LCs occur downstream of diverging LCs, and maximum in the opposite alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scholarship cultural interactions in Latin America and its recent history: a critical perspective and a proposal. The multiplicity of cultural flows as well as the internal movement in them between the different literary systems conduct us to think a system of relations where many cultural contributions interfere at the same time or in sequence, in a specific time scale for each situation, where the crossroads can consolidate or not, where each flow has at the time a different energy from the historic contextand that is why there are hegemonic and subaltern ones. It can be seen as knitting, a weave, in constant movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author discusses his research on Tantric Buddhism, referencing the book "Goddess and God in the World: Conversations in Embodied Theology" by Carol Christ and Judith Plaskow. Topics include the alternatives to theologies that justify domination and exploitation of humans, other species, and the earth; analysis of a Tantric Buddhist dance practice in Kathmandu, Nepal; role of dance as a yoga for karmic cleansing Tantric tradition.

In this essay, I argue that weaving functions as more than a literary flourish in Judges 16 in that it reflects widespread androcentric cultural stereotypes concerning female sexuality, deception, and entrapment. I further posit that these associations find linguistic support in the tale's sustained and often clever engagement with the language of weaving. Taken in its entirety, the concantenation of weaving imagery and vocabulary evokes said stereotypes to enhance the story's erotic and foreboding atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing the stability of a motorcycle requires an understanding of the optimal conditions of the tyre. The inflation pressure is one of the main parameters that directly affects the tyre properties, which in turn influences motorcycle stability and safety. This paper focuses on the effect of the inflation pressure of the tested tyres on motorcycle weave stability. Experimental data are collected from tests carried out in straight running at constant speed. The data analysis is based on stochastic subspace identification methods. Simulations are performed using an advanced motorcycle multi-body code with parameters measured from the tested vehicle. Finally, the comparison between simulations and experimental tests is discussed. The research results show an agreement between experimental tests and simulations where weave stability increases with inflation pressure for the specified range of tyre pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Literate programming is becoming increasingly trendy for data analysis because it allows the generation of dynamic-analysis reports for communicating data analysis and eliminates untraceable human errors in analysis reports. Traditionally, literate programming includes separate processes for compiling the code and preparing the documentation. While this workflow might be satisfactory for software documentation, it is not ideal for writing statistical analysis reports. Instead, these processes should run in parallel. In this article, I introduce the weaver package, which examines this idea by creating a new log system in HTML or LATEX that can be used simultaneously with the Stata log system. The new log system provides many features that the Stata log system lacks; for example, it can render mathematical notations, insert figures, create publication-ready dynamic tables, and style text, and it includes a built-in syntax highlighter. The weaver package also produces dynamic PDF documents by converting the HTML log to PDF or by typesetting the LATEX log and thus provides a real-time preview of the document without recompiling the code. I also discuss potential applications of the weaver package. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A prototype sampling loom was redesigned by introducing a computer-controlled electropneumatic shedding mechanism, weaving design and patterning as a new version of the semi-automated punched-card sampling loom, which is manufactured by Gulas-Machine (Istanbul). In initial studies, for control of shedding motion the mechanism was equipped with a PLC system. Later, instead of using PLC system, a microcontroller electronic card was designed, which than improved the control of the shedding system. This paper reports on the findings concernings the use of PLC and microcontroller systems which were both developed for electric-electronic control of the loom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of 'variation' described by Josef Albers for the development of his educational methodology and extendedin his reference work Interaction of color, shows a ligature to the construction process of Anni Albers' textile reticle. It is a rigid support where it turns out physically impossible to mix colours. It is for this reason that Anni Albers research on weaving color is realized from highly stimulant resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tsombiach or traditional wool sash of the Kamentsa indigenous women from the high Putumayo presents symbolically and synthetically, the traditional history of the community and their creators and carriers' personal experiences, who narrate with a particular aesthetic how the weave lifts community life.The article accounts for the interrelationship and integration of this type of textual and oral expression with literature. The methodological keys are based on the the author's ethnographic experience and a theoretical approach from notions of symbolic anthropology and the alternative perspective of heterogeneous literatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabric defects that occur during weaving production causes wastage at garment production. If fabric defects can not be detected during garment production, causes separation of the finished product as second quality. In this study, in a weaving mill, raw fabrics were inspected during three weeks for defect detection after weaving operation and results were investigated using statistical methods. Detected fabric defects has been classified and noted on quality control charts. For statistical investigation of number of defects pareto analysis and p control charts were used from statistical process control methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabric defects that may occur at different stages of woven terry fabric production requires quality control and classification of fabrics as first or second grade before sending to customer. In this study, before shipping of two different terry fabric orders, defects were detected by inspection of fabric rolls on a lighted control board by experienced experts. Number of the defects and dimensions of the defects seen during the inspection were noted on quality control charts. Detected defects were defined and scored according to different demerit point systems. In this way, the fabric rolls were classified according to the demerit point systems before being shipped to garment enterprises. Disputes can be avoided with classification made by a demerit point system on which manufacturer and the customer have agreed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that front fork flexibility may have a significant effect on motorcycle stability. This work addresses the problem of developing lumped element models of the front fork from experimental results. The front forks of an enduro motorcycle and of a super sport motorcycle are characterized performing static, dynamic and modal tests by means of specific testing equipment. The concept of wheel twisting axis is proposed to characterize static and dynamic deformability of the front fork. Modal analysis results show the presence of two important modes of vibration of the front assembly in the low frequency range: the lateral mode and the longitudinal mode. Different lumped models are discussed and a new model that takes into account information obtained from static and dynamic tests is proposed. Simulations are carried out by means of a multibody code and show the effect of the front assembly deformability on the weave and wobble vibration modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the number of specific woven fabric defects occured on raw terry fabrics during weaving production were investigated with statistical process control techniques. Raw fabrics of a selected standart fabric production were inspected for defect detection after weaving operation in a towel production company. Defects were detected by inspection of fabric on a lighted control board by experienced experts. Number of defects were noted on quality control charts. Applying pareto analysis, defects were revealed that formed 80% of total defects. Cause-effect diagrams and p control charts were created and solution suggestions to avoid these defects were presented keeping in mind that eliminating elementary causes, which is 20% of total problems, can resolve 80% of resources of problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last decade has seen several aspect language proposals for UML 2 sequence diagrams. Aspects allow the modeler to define crosscutting concerns of sequence diagrams and to have these woven with the sequence diagrams of a so-called base model, in order to create a woven model. In a real-world scenario, there may be multiple aspects applicable to the same base model. This raises the need to analyse the set of aspects to identify possible aspect interactions (dependencies and conflicts) between applications of aspects. We call a set of aspects terminating if they may not be applied infinitely many times for any given base model. Furthermore, we call a set of terminating aspects confluent, if they, for any given base model, always yield the same final result regardless of the order in which they are applied. Since confluence must hold for any base model, this is a much stronger result than many of the current approaches that have addressed detection of aspect interactions limited to a specific base model. Our aspects are specified using standard sequence diagrams with some extensions. In this paper, we present a confluence theory specialized for our highly expressive aspect language. For the most expressive aspects, we prove that confluence is undecidable. For another class of aspects with considerable expressiveness, we prescribe an algorithm to check confluence. This algorithm is based on what we call an extended critical pair analysis. These results are useful both for modelers and researchers working with sequence diagram aspects and for researchers wanting to establish a confluence theory for other aspect-oriented modelling or model transformation approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article weaves and colours of Lithuanian folk skirts fabrics are analysed. The investigation objects are the skirts from funds of three Lithuanian Museums: 258 skirts from National M. K. Čiurlionis Museum of Art, 85 skirts from Lithuanian Open Air Museum and 16 skirts from A. and A. Tamošaitis gallery "Židinys". Distribution of skirts fabrics according to weaves was estimated, and it shows, that fabrics of plain weave are most widespread (53 %), combined and twill weaves are less popular (19 % and 18 %, respectively). The weaves of fabrics are determined during investigation and plans of weave were made proposing recommendations for manufacturing of similar fabrics. Also distribution of colours and number of colours in the fabrics were analysed. The biggest number of colours is in fabrics of simple weaves (plain and twill), and the most characteristic are green, red, black and blue colours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a safe and practical method for the identification of the weave mode of motorcycles without the need for the test rider to provide a deliberate lateral input to excite a large perceptible weave response. The solution utilizes stochastic subspace iden-tification (SSI) and relies on the smooth surface of the road under normal steady-state running conditions to randomly excite the steering system. Three SSI variants: covari-ance (COV), unweighted principal component (UPC), and the canonical variate analysis (CVA) are outlined and pole selection via stabilization diagrams is discussed. Then a motorcycle test protocol necessary to collect quality data for identification analysis is described. Strong correlation between stochastic identifications and traditional impulse-based weave testing of several straight running motorcycles under multiple trim states is shown. Because of the ability to use data collected under normal steady-state running conditions, the proposed stochastic technique has the potential for allowing the identifi-cation of weave modal properties under trim state conditions that are not possible with traditional weave testing, like hands-on the handlebars in straight running or when the motorcycle is cornering. Results from identifications under these hands-on trim states are presented, demonstrating the potential for deeper understanding of these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrotextiles represent a huge potential in creating a new generation of flexible textile platforms for electronic systems and smart garments. In this research of electrotextile fabrication weaving method was used. Fully or partly replacing traditional (non-conductive) textile yarns with conductive textile yarns, it is possible to get woven conductive textile material or fabric circuit. In the paper weaving method is considered for electro textile design and process of flexible textile light-emitting display fabrication is described. Fabric with interwoven conductive yarns to which light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were attached was designed. This technology is not only limited to light illuminated displays but can also be used to build other smart textile constructions like sensors, conductive textile traces etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of rider passive response to the lateral dynamics of motorcycles, there is very little literature on the subject. Even more uncommon are works that consider rider passive steering impedance and its effect on motorcycle stability. Moreover, until this time, there have been no published studies on steering impedance that include correlation to on-road motorcycle stability testing. This paper explores these topics using an advanced motorcycle simulation model which includes rider torso and steering impedance values derived from experimental characterisation and anthropometric modelling. A novel method for quantitatively evaluating on-road stability is discussed and utilised to compare the simulation results to on-road weave stability testing for two different riders in the 'hands- off' and 'hands-on' the handlebars conditions. Good correlation is achieved between simulation and test indicating stability differences between riders and highlighting hands-off/on effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motorcycle dynamics is characterised by the presence of modes of vibration that may become unstable and lead to dangerous conditions. In particular, the weave mode shows large yaw and roll oscillations of the rear frame and out of phase oscillations of the front frame about the steer axis. The presence of the rider influences the modes of vibration, since the mass, stiffness and damping of limbs modify the dynamic properties of the system; moreover, at low frequency the rider can control oscillations. There are few experimental results dealing with the response of the rider in the presence of large oscillations of the motorcycle. This lack is due to the difficulty of carrying out measurements on the road and of reproducing the phenomena in the laboratory. This paper deals with a research programme aimed at measuring the oscillations of the rider's body on a running motorcycle in the presence of weave. First, testing equipment is presented. It includes a special measurement device that is able to measure the relative motion between the rider and the motorcycle. Then the road tests carried out at increasing speeds (from 160 to 210 km/h) are described and discussed. Best-fitting methods are used for identifying the main features of measured vibrations in terms of natural frequencies, damping ratios and modal shapes. The last section deals with the comparison between measured and simulated response of the motorcycle–rider system in weave conditions; good agreement was found. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The behaviour of a motorcycle on the road is largely governed by tyre properties. This paper presents experimental and numerical analyses dealing with the influence of tyre properties on the stability of weave and wobble in straight running. The final goal is to find optimal sets of tyre properties that improve the stability of a motorcycle. The investigation is based on road tests carried out on a sport-touring motorcycle equipped with sensors. Three sets of tyres are tested at different speeds in the presence of weave and wobble. The analysis of telemetry data highlights significant differences in the trends of frequency and damping of weave and wobble against speed. The experimental analysis is integrated by a parametric numerical analysis. Tyre properties are varied according to the design of experiments method, in order to highlight the single effects on stability of lateral and cornering coefficient of front and rear tyres. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Despite the importance of rider passive response to the lateral dynamics of motorcycles, there is very little literature on the subject. Even more uncommon are works that consider rider passive steering impedance and its effect on motorcycle stability. Moreover, until this time, there have been no published studies on steering impedance that include correlation to on-road motorcycle stability testing. This paper explores these topics using an advanced motorcycle simulation model which includes rider torso and steering impedance values derived from experimental characterisation and anthropometric modelling. A novel method for quantitatively evaluating on-road stability is discussed and utilised to compare the simulation results to on-road weave stability testing for two different riders in the ‘hands-off’ and ‘hands-on’ the handlebars conditions. Good correlation is achieved between simulation and test indicating stability differences between riders and highlighting hands-off/on effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An important category of materials used to obtain a composite material is represented both by fibers and textiles. Yarns, weaves, knitted fabrics, are some of the textile products summarized in this paper. Laminated composite materials have properties that depend on the fiber strength of each layer and on the material's number of layers as a whole. There are many experimental methods that can be used for the analysis of these materials, among which we will study the conditioning of materials and the thermal and conductive properties of textile panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach of analysing the stability and bifurcations of a multibody system previously developed is applied to a model for a modern motorcycle. The model includes a suspension system and aerodynamic drag. Conditions of running straight ahead on a level road at a constant forward speed and cornering in a curve with constant radius are analysed. The drag force, in combination with the suspension system, gives an increased region of stability, and the suspension system in itself prevents the loss of contact between tyres and road in the resulting periodic solutions after the stability limit has been reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, the progressive application of natural fibres in polymer composites has had a major effect in alleviating environmental impacts. Recently, there is a growing interest in the development of green materials in a woven form by utilising natural fibres from lignocellulosic materials for many applications such as structural, non-structural composites, household utilities, automobile parts, aerospace components, flooring, and ballistic materials. Woven materials are one of the most promising materials for substituting or hybridising with synthetic polymeric materials in the production of natural fibre polymer composites (NFPCs). These woven materials are flexible, able to be tailored to the specific needs and have better mechanical properties due to their weaving structures. Seeing that the potential advantages of woven materials in the fabrication of NFPC, this paper presents a detailed review of studies related to woven materials. A variety of factors that influence the properties of the resultant woven NFRC such as yarn characteristics, fabric properties as well as manufacturing parameters were discussed. Past and current research efforts on the development of woven NFPCs from various polymer matrices including polypropylene, polylactic acid, epoxy and polyester and the properties of the resultant composites were also compiled. Last but not least, the applications, challenges, and prospects in the field also were highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water transfer through porous textiles consists of two sequential processes: synchronous wicking–evaporating and evaporating alone. In this work we set out to identify the main structural parameters affecting the water transfer process of cotton fabrics. Eight woven fabrics with different floats were produced. The fabrics were evaluated on a specially designed instrument capable of measuring the water loss through a vertical wicking process. Each test took 120 min, and two phases were defined: Phase I for the first 10 min and Phase II for the last 110 min according to wicking behavior transition. Principal components and multivariate statistical methods were utilized to analyze the data collected. The results showed that Phase I dominated the whole wicking–evaporating process, and the moisture transfer speed in this phase varied with fabric structure, whereas the moisture transfer speeds in Phase II were similar and constant regardless of fabric structure. In addition, fabric with more floats has high water transfer speed in Phase I due to its loosened structure with more macropores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]