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OBJECTIVE: To identify the different variables that can cause liver injury in a patient hospitalized for COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study that included patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Central University Hospital of the State of Chihuahua from April 2020 to November 2020. A univariate analysis was performed to find the frequencies of demographic characteristics and of the drugs prescribed, as well as a comparison of means of the biochemical parameters using Student's t test. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-four patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included, who underwent liver function parameters and averages were obtained on the day of admission, on the fifth day and the last values recorded for improvement or death. Of the parameters, albumin levels showed a significant decrease on the 5th and last day of hospitalization compared to the first day of admission. On the other hand, the levels of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased significantly on the 5th and last day of stay. CONCLUSIONS: There are different mechanisms that can generate liver injury associated with COVID-19. Of these, the uncontrolled inflammatory response that occurs can alter liver function tests. Our results found a relationship between the alteration of different laboratory parameters and the days of hospital stay of patients with the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hyper-IgM syndrome is an innate error of immunity in which there is a defect in change of isotype of immunoglobulins, with decreased values of IgG, IgA, and IgE, but normal or increased level of IgM. This predisposes to infectious processes at the respiratory and gastrointestinal levels, as well as autoimmune diseases and neoplasm. Case report: A 5 year 7-month-old boy with a history of 2 pneumonias, one of them severe, and chronic diarrhea since he was 2 years old. Persistent moderate neutropenia decreased IgG and elevated IgM. Cytometry flow confirmed absence of CD40L. Clinical evolution with early hepatic involvement. Discussion: Hyper-IgM syndrome predisposes to liver damage, so a complete evaluation is required as well as early diagnosis. Active anti-infective treatment and control of the inflammatory response are key to the treatment of liver damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To carry out a systematic review on the effects of whey protein supplementation on hepatic biomarkers Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Glucose, Bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase, Gamma Glutamyltransferase, Albumin and Total Proteins in rats and mice. Materials and methods: Systematic Review, with the search words whey proteins; Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Glucose, Bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase, Gamma Glutamyltransferase, Albumin and Total Proteins in Health Sciences Descriptors. the Capes Journal portal; Lilacs; Scielo.org; Scielo.br; dialnet; Redib; Medline. Results: of 222 eligible articles, 16 were used after exclusion criteria. Discussion: in summary, it was possible to observe studies with Whey Protein supplementation in which the biomarkers alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase, albumin and total proteins were analyzed, detailing the models of the studies in experimentais procedures with rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, the data from this study suggest that supplementation dosages range from 0.15g to 40g/kg of Whey proteins, and from 0.15 to 20g/kg there are no changes in biochemical parameters related to liver damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High fructose (HF) ingestion is a common risk factor for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which has become a serious health problem. The underlying mechanism of HF-induced NAFLD needs to be further understood and an effective prevention needs to be established urgently. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer-based metabonomic method was employed to characterize the serum metabolic profile of HF-induced NAFLD in mice. β-Hydroxybutyric acid, elaidic acid and oleic acid that contributed to energy and lipid metabolism were confirmed as potential biomarkers for HF-induced NAFLD. With these changed metabolic pathways as possible drug targets, different administrations revealed that co-administration of stachyose and tea polyphenols was a more effective method than treatment of stachyose or tea polyphenols alone for preventing HF-induced negative changes of metabolic pathways in mice. These findings suggest that β-hydroxybutyric acid, elaidic acid and oleic acid are potential biomarkers in HF-induced NAFLD, and co-administration is a novel preventive strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) stand outs among Photothermal techniques due to its versatility for the characterization of different types of materials, including biological samples. In this study, were compared and analyzed by PAS, the differences between the optical absorption spectra of blood of male Fisher rats, in three cases, control (healthy rats), liver damage and liver damage treated with Curcuma longa. The experimental results show differences in the optical absorption spectra of each analysed case, therefore PAS would be proposed as a non conventional complementary technique, to study the effect of Curcuma longa in induced liver damage for an animal model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restructured pork (RP) enriched in Seaweeds are potential functional foods. The antiapoptotic and hypocholesterolemic effects of consuming cholesterol enriched diets containing Wakame-RP (CW), Nori-RP (CN) and Sea Spaghetti (CS) were tested in a 1-wk study. Groups of six rats per group were fed a mix of 85% AIN-93M rodent-diet containing cholesterol and cholic acid as a cholesterol rising agent plus 15% RP containing alga. These diets were compared to control-RP diets enriched or not in cholesterol (CC and C, respectively). After 1-wk, cholesterol feeding significantly increased liver apoptosis markers which were significantly reduced by CS (cellular cycle DNA, caspase-3, and cytochrome c), CN (caspase-3 and cytochrome c) and CW (caspase-3) diets. CN and CS diets significantly blocked the cholesterolaemic rising effect observed in the CC group but no protective effect was observed in the CW group. Differences in seaweed composition added to RP appear responsible for blocking or not the proapoptotic and hypercholesterolemic effects of high cholesterol-RP consumption; thus, any generalization on seaweed effects or food containing seaweeds must be avoided. Although present results are worthy, future studies are demanded to ascertain the utility of consuming algal-RP as part of usual diets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The standard model of three populations (healthy and unhealthy hepatocytes, and viral load) for the study of the dynamics of hepatitis C virus (HCV), is compared with viral dynamic model with alanine aminotransferase (ALT). In terms of the threshold parameter that it's the same for both models, the existence and local asymptotic stability of the endemically infected equilibrium steady state, and the global stability of the healthy individual equilibrium steady state are established. Furthermore, an experimental study is presented showing that it's possible to carry out the monitoring of hepatic damage biopsies free by numerical parameter estimation, considering only viral load and ALT levels measurements and a reasonable assessment of pretreatment hepatic damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]