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This paper falls within the scope of entrepreneurship research focused on entrepreneurs as agents with individual personality traits. This paper first overviews the relevant literature – both early and current theories – of this research agenda. The main conceptual findings are then linked to the value theoretical framework developed by Shalom H. Schwartz, which seems to reflect, with limitations, on the basic content of these framings about entrepreneurial traits. Based on the Schwartzian background, this paper sheds light on the linkages among the individual value structures and specific personality traits considered important for entrepreneurial actors. The empirical portion used data from the European Social Survey to identify four distinct entrepreneurial mindsets among European entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a comparative examination of the relevant sets of values of the lecturers and researchers affiliated with the University of Pécs (PTE). From the various value theories, Shalom H. Schwartz’s concept of Basic Human Values was applied. Schwartz distinguishes ten dynamically interrelated values. Revealing the typical value priorities of lecturers-researchers provides an opportunity to draw conclusions about the socio-economic impacts of PTE and whether the motivations of lecturers-researchers can adequately support the university’s roles beyond itself. Crucial to the analysis is its comparative perspective, which enables the authors to compare the value preferences of these lecturers and researchers with those of Hungarian society as a whole, and those in other European regions. The results show that the values and motivations of PTE’s staff members provide a suitable basis for the effective regional involvement of the university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper addresses one of the key features of social capital - trust. Based on data from freely available survey, it aims to analyse differences among the rural and urban areas of Europe regarding generalised trust. The importance of generalised trust is emphasised by various theories of social science from various aspects; among others it is considered as a fundamental feature of social reciprocity, solidarity, collective actions, social inclusion, tolerance, confidence in institutions; it is understood, as a basic condition for social integration and democracy. Studies addressing urbanrural "contrast", investigating differences between these two dominant spatial structures have always been in the focus of scientific interest. Trust as it is, is an often analysed issue of these works, yet it is hard to clearly specify urban and rural trust separately, especially the size and direction of differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines correlation between innovativity and risk bearing from culturalist aspect. To this as a main goal, it assigns relevant indicators, i.e. publicly accepted and followed moral values, normatives, routines, habits, rules and conventions as collective examples and representatives to measure risk bearing attitude. After detailed theoretical founding the research attempts to elaborate two dimensions, which refer also to the concept distinction of incertitude and risk. Society contentment as indicator of incertitude and capability to direct one's life as indicator for risk perception were the two dimensions of research. Empiric examination of preliminary assumptions shows, that societies with higher level of contentment and better life direction capabilities have higher innovativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]