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Palladium nanoparticles dispersed in ammonium salts of hyperbranched polystyrenes are adhesively immobilized on the surface of cotton or filter papers by simply heating with dicarboxylic acids or halide anions. The resulting Pd@cotton and Pd@filter paper behave as reusable catalysts; in particular, Pd@filter paper is useful as catalyst for application to sequential cross-coupling and hydrogenation reactions to produce several different products with just one piece of the paper catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron disilyl dicarbonyl complex 1, in which two H–Si moieties of the 1,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene ligand were coordinated to the iron center in an η2-(H–Si) fashion, was synthesized by the reaction of (η4-C6H8)Fe(CO)3 with 2 equiv. of 1,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene under photo-irradiation. Complex 1 demonstrated high catalytic activity toward the hydrogenation of alkenes, the hydrosilylation of alkenes and the reduction of carbonyl compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An aluminum binaphthyl Schiff base complex was found to be an efficient catalyst for enantioselective hydrophosphonylation of aldehydes. High enantioselectivities were obtained in reactions of both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes (up to 84% and 86% ee, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new fish bone detection technique using a convolutional neural network (CNN) and synthetic image generation. Semantic segmentation CNNs with supervised learning generally require a large number of training images and their pixel‐wise teaching signals. In fish bone detection, there are two problems with using semantic segmentation CNNs. One is the manual annotations of fish bones and the other is the difficulty of sampling all variations of fish bones with various lengths, angles, and thicknesses. The proposed method, however, generates them by drawing virtual fish bones on X‐ray images. This technique is very useful for reducing the cost of collecting and annotating a dataset. Experimental results have shown that the average F‐measure for the proposed method is 0.747, while that for a normal training method is 0.493. In the proposed method, the CNN successfully detected actual fish bones despite its training only with virtual fish bones. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(COT)2Fe and the openferrocenes (MPDE)2Fe(MPDE = η5-3-methylpentadienyl) and (DMPDE)2Fe (DMPDE = η5-2,4-dimethylpentadienyl) were foundto function as catalyst precursors for the hydrosilylation of alkenesin the presence of auxiliary ligands. Screening trials determinedthat the optimal catalyst system was composed of (COT)2Fe and adamantyl isocyanide, allowing the selective hydrosilylationof styrene derivatives with trisubstituted hydrosiloxanes and a polydimethylsiloxanebearing Me2SiH moieties as the end groups. Under the appropriateconditions, the dehydrogenative silylation side reaction was completelysuppressed, and the reaction TON exceeded 5000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]