28 results on '"Paseiro Losada, Perfecto"'
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2. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BADGE HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS.
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Perez-Lamela, Conchi, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, Cortizas-Castro, Dolores, Rodriguez-Hergueta, Antonio, and Simal-Lozano, Jesus
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HYDROLYSIS , *SOLVOLYSIS , *ULTRAVIOLET spectroscopy , *SPECTRUM analysis , *MASS spectrometry - Abstract
Heating a suspension of Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in 20:80 tetrahydrofuran/water at 70°C and subsequent passage of the resulting solution through C18 colunms allowed isolation and purification to > 97% of each of the two hydrolysis products 2-[4-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy) phenyl]-2-14-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (1HP) and 2,2-bis[4-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl] propane (2HP), which were characterized by UV, IR, ¹H and [sup13]C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2002
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3. Identification of intentionally and non-intentionally added substances in plastic packaging materials and their migration into food products.
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García Ibarra, Verónica, Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Sendón, Raquel
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PACKAGING materials , *PHTHALATE esters , *GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) , *ESTERS , *GAS chromatography - Abstract
Plastic materials are widely used in food packaging applications; however, there is increased concern because of the possible release of undesirable components into foodstuffs. Migration of plastic constituents not only has the potential to affect product quality but also constitutes a risk to consumer health. In order to check the safety of food contact materials, analytical methodologies to identify potential migrants are required. In the first part of this work, a GC/MS screening method was developed for the identification of components from plastic packaging materials including intentionally and “non-intentionally added substances” (NIAS) as potential migrants. In the second part of this study, the presence of seven compounds (bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), benzophenone (BP)) previously identified in packaging materials were investigated in food products (corn and potatoes snacks, cookies, and cakes). For this purpose, a suitable extraction method was developed and quantification was performed using GC-MS. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, recovery, repeatability, and limits of detection and quantification. The spiked recoveries varied between 82.7 and 116.1%, and relative standard deviation (RSD) was in the range of 2.22-15.9%. The plasticizer ATBC was the most detected compound (94% samples), followed by DEP (65%), DEHP (47%), BP (44%), DBP (35%), DIBP (21%), and BHT (12%). Regarding phthalates, DEP and DEHP were the most frequently detected compounds in concentrations up to 1.44 μg g−1. In some samples, only DBP exceeded the European SML of 0.3 mg kg−1 established in Regulation 10/2011.Chemical migration from plastic packaging into food
[ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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4. Migration of Dihydroxy Alkylamines and Their Possible Impurities from Packaging into Foods and Food Simulants: Analysis and Safety Evaluation.
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Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Sendón, Raquel, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
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FOOD packaging , *FOOD chemistry , *PLASTICS in packaging , *ALKYLAMINES , *PACKAGING materials , *PACKAGED foods - Abstract
Alkyl diethanolamines are a group of compounds commonly used as antistatic agents in plastic food packaging materials. These additives and their possible impurities have the ability to transfer into the food; hence, the consumer may be exposed to these chemicals. Recently, scientific evidence of unknown adverse effects associated with these compounds was reported. N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)alkyl (C8-C18) amines as well as other related compounds and their possible impurities were analyzed in different plastic packaging materials and coffee capsules using target and non-target LC-MS methods. N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)alkyl amines, precisely, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17 and C18, 2-(octadecylamino)ethanol and octadecylamine, among others, were identified in most of the analyzed samples. It should be emphasized that the latter compounds are not listed in the European Regulation 10/2011 and 2-(octadecylamino)ethanol was classified as high toxicity according to Cramer rules. Migration tests were carried out in foods and in the food simulants Tenax and 20% ethanol (v/v). The results showed that stearyldiethanolamine migrated into the tomato, salty biscuits, salad and Tenax. Lastly, as a crucial step in the risk assessment process, the dietary exposure to stearyldiethanolamine transferred from the food packaging into the food was determined. The estimated values ranged from 0.0005 to 0.0026 µg/kg bw/day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Identification of potential migrants from epoxy and organosol coatings used in metal food cans.
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Vázquez Loureiro, Patricia, Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
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BISPHENOL A , *EPOXY coatings , *METAL coating , *TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry , *LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry , *IMMIGRANTS , *GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) - Abstract
The coatings of metal cans may release complex mixtures of migrants into the contained foods, including non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), such as reaction products. All migrating substances should be studied to demonstrate their safety. In this work, the characterisation of two epoxy and organosol coatings was performed using several techniques. Firstly, the type of coating was identified using FTIR-ATR. Screening techniques based on purge and trap (P&T) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to GC-MS were used to investigate volatiles from coatings. For the identification of semi-volatile compounds, an appropriate extraction was performed before analysis by GC-MS. The most abundant substances were compounds with at least one benzene ring and an aldehyde or alcohol group in their structures. Furthermore, a method to quantify some of the identified volatiles was explored. Secondly, HPLC with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine non-volatile compounds such as bisphenol analogues and bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers (BADGEs), with subsequent confirmation by LC-MS/MS. Additionally, migration assays were performed by this technique to determine non-volatile compounds migrating into food simulants. Bisphenol A (BPA) and all BADGE derivatives except BADGE.HCl were detected in the migration extracts. Moreover, BADGE-solvent complexes such as BADGE.H2O.BuEtOH, BADGE.2BuEtOH, etc. were also tentatively identified using the accurate mass provided by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Changes in Sensory and Physical Parameters in Chill-Stored Farmed Coho Salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ).
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Rodríguez, Alicia, Maier, Liliana, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Aubourg, Santiago P.
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TASTE testing of food , *COHO salmon , *SALMON farming , *REFRIGERATED foods , *EDIBLE fish storage , *FISH quality , *FISH physiology - Abstract
This work focuses on changes in sensory and physical properties of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) during chilled storage (24 days). A marked change (p< 0.05) in the results of sensory analysis was found in the flesh of raw chilled fish (fresh odor, elasticity, hardness, oxidized odor) and in the cooked flesh of the chill-stored fish (firmness, neutral flavor, oxidized flavor, oxidized odor) samples. Additionally, physical parameters (gaping, cooking loss) also showed changes (p< 0.05) during chilled storage. According to odor and flavor descriptors (fresh odor, oxidized odor, neutral flavor), salmon fish were not acceptable after 17 days of chilled storage. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2016
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7. In vitro bioaccessibility of cyclodi-BADGE present in canned seafood: A new approach for the estimation of dietary exposure of the Spanish population.
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Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Vázquez-Loureiro, Patricia, Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, de Quirós, Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo, and Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia
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LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry , *FAT content of food , *FOOD packaging , *SPANIARDS , *PUBLIC health - Abstract
Human dietary exposure to chemical compounds is a priority issue for public health authorities since it constitutes a key step in risk assessment, and food packaging could be an important source of contamination. In this study, the bioaccessibility of cyclodi-BADGE was evaluated in canned seafood samples using a standardized protocol of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and an analytical method based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The impact of enzymes, different gastric pHs, and food-covering liquids on the bioaccessibility of cyclodi-BADGE was studied. The results highlighted that cyclodi-BADGE was available to be absorbed at the intestinal level (90.9–112.3%), and its bioaccessibility increased substantially in fat food samples. Finally, the estimated dietary exposure to cyclodi-BADGE in the Spanish adult population reached values of 14.26 μg/kg bw/day for tuna in tomato, exceeding the tolerable daily intake (1.5 μg/kg bw/day) recommended for chemicals with high toxicological risk. • Study of the bioaccessibility of CdB after an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion • Estimation of the dietary exposure to CdB in the Spanish adult population • CdB is bioaccessible and susceptible to being absorbed at the intestinal level • Covering liquids and fat content of the food affect the bioaccessibility of CdB [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Phenolic profile and antioxidant properties of a crude extract obtained from a brewery waste stream.
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Angulo, Inmaculada, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Cruz, José Manuel
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BREWERY waste , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *PHENOLS , *POLYPHENOLS , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *EPIGALLOCATECHIN gallate - Abstract
Abstract: The main aims of this study were to determine the phenolic profile of a crude extract obtained (at pilot scale) from a brewery waste stream and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extract. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, which revealed that 50% of the extract comprised phenolic compounds. The polyphenols, identified and quantified by RP-HPLC–DAD and HPLC-ESI–TOF-MS, were mainly flavonoids (catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, quercetin) and phenolic acids (ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid). The crude extract displayed a high DPPH radical scavenging activity (0.18g/L), similar to that of BHA (0.248g/L) and higher than that of BHT (2.54g/L). All three tested products displayed a similar ability to decrease oxidative bleaching of β-carotene (antioxidant activity coefficient of 623.8 for the crude extract, 653.3 for BHA, 559.6 for BHT). This type of brewery waste stream may be a promising source of natural antioxidants to replace the synthetic antioxidants currently used in the food industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2013
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9. Effect of a Polyphenol-Vacuum Packaging on Lipid Deterioration During an 18-Month Frozen Storage of Coho Salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch).
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Rodríguez, Alicia, Cruz, José, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Aubourg, Santiago
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FROZEN fish , *POLYPHENOLS , *VACUUM packaging , *LIPIDS , *HYDROLYSIS , *COHO salmon , *THIN films , *BARLEY , *PLANT extracts - Abstract
A packaging system combining a polyphenol-rich film and vacuum (PPRF-VP) was applied to farmed coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch) muscle for an 18-month storage (−18 °C). For it, two different concentrations of polyphenol compounds (namely, p-coumaric and ferulic acids) obtained from a barley husk extract were applied (PPRF-VP conditions) and compared to vacuum packaging without polyphenol presence (vacuum control; VP condition) and to packaging in the absence of vacuum and polyphenols (control; CP condition). The study was addressed to lipid hydrolysis and oxidation development and to lipid changes related to nutritional value. Both PPRF-VP conditions provided an inhibitory effect ( p < 0.05) on conjugated diene and fluorescent compound formation in frozen salmon. Compared to CP condition, vacuum packaging (PPRF-VP and VP conditions) led to lower ( p < 0.05) peroxide and anisidine values and to an inhibitory effect ( p < 0.05) on α- and γ-tocopherol losses. No effect ( p > 0.05) of polyphenol presence and vacuum packaging could be inferred on free fatty acid formation (hydrolysis development) and on polyunsaturated fatty acid retention (polyene index assessment). A low rancid odour development was observed in all kinds of fish samples, this being lower ( p < 0.05) in fish kept under vacuum (PPRF-VP and VP) conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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10. Determination of diphenylbutadiene by liquid chromatography–UV–fluorescence in foodstuffs
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Sendón García, Raquel, Sanches Silva, Ana Teresa, and Paseiro Losada, Perfecto
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BUTADIENE , *LIQUID chromatography , *FLUORIMETRY , *FOOD chemistry - Abstract
Diphenylbutadiene (DPBD) is an optical brightener incorporated into a wide range of polymeric materials. Framed in the FOODMIGROSURE project, it was chosen as a model migrant to study the migration kinetics from polymeric materials in relevant foodstuffs. An analytical method was developed and optimized for the DPBD determination in foods. The sample preparation procedure uses both hexane and acetonitrile as extraction solvents, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. HPLC analysis was performed using UV detection at a wavelength of 330nm, and fluorescence detection achieved with excitation and emission wavelengths of 330 and 375nm, respectively. Good linearity and recovery were achieved. Data are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2004
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11. Estimates of dietary exposure of Spanish population to packaging contaminants from cereal based foods contained in plastic materials.
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García Ibarra, Verónica, Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
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PHTHALATE esters , *CEREALS as food , *PLASTICS , *FOOD packaging , *DIETHYL phthalate , *FOOD packaging design - Abstract
Food packaging may be a potential source of contamination, through the migration of chemicals from the packaging into the food, thus food consumption is an important route of human exposure to packaging contaminants. In the present study an approach to estimate the exposure to different chemicals transferred from food packaging was designed. As a first step a GC-MS screening was conducted to identify potential contaminants in the materials. Secondly, different chemicals previously identified in the packaging materials were selected for exposure assessment. The proposed methodology was applied to cereal based foods packed with plastic packaging. A variety of chemicals including e.g. acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), bis (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) among others were identified and analyzed in the foodstuffs. For this purpose a LC-MS/MS method was developed. The selected foodstuffs were pooled into three groups according to the population age (12–35 months, 3–9 years and 10–17 years) and based on the Spanish consumption data (Enalia). In general, ATBC mean exposure was higher than that of phthalates and DEHA for the three groups considered, with mean dietary exposure values ranging from 1.01 μg/kg bw/day (pool 12–35 months) to 2.01 μg/kg bw/day (pool 3–9 years). Image 1 • An approach to estimate the exposure to chemicals transferred from food packaging was designed. • Non-target analysis was used to identify potential migrants in packaging materials. • A LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify contaminants in pooled samples. • The dietary exposure of Spanish population to packaging contaminants was estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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12. Migration studies of butylated hydroxytoluene, tributyl acetylcitrate and dibutyl phthalate into food simulants.
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García Ibarra, Verónica, Sendón, Raquel, García‐Fonte, Xoan‐Xosé, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
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PLASTICIZERS , *PLASTIC additives , *MOLECULAR weights , *FOOD packaging , *ARRHENIUS equation - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Migration is a mass transfer process in which chemical substances with a low molecular weight are transferred from packaging into food. This phenomenon has received great attention from a food safety point of view because these chemicals could potentially represent a risk for consumers' health. The present study investigated the process of migration of two common plasticizers [tributyl acetylcitrate (ATBC) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP)] and one antioxidant [butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)] from a common plastic material used in food packaging (low density polyethylene) into 50% ethanol (v/v), 95% ethanol (v/v) and isooctane. A mathematical model based on Fick's second law was used to determine the partition and diffusion coefficients. In addition, the effect of temperature on the diffusion was studied by applying the Arrhenius equation. RESULTS: High‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry methods were applied to measure the amount of ATBC, DBP and BHT that migrated into the food simulants. A mathematical model based on Fick's second law of diffusion was used to estimate key migration parameters: diffusion and partition coefficients (DP and KP/F), which were determined for each migrant and food simulant at three temperatures (10, 20 and 40 °C). The results showed that the diffusion process is significantly influenced by temperature, although the type of simulant also plays an important role in the migration process. CONCLUSION: The model investigated is shown to be appropriate for predicting the migration from food packaging into real foodstuffs at common storage temperatures. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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13. Mechanical, structural and physical aspects of chitosan-based films as antimicrobial dressings.
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Escárcega-Galaz, Ana A., Sánchez-Machado, Dalia I., López-Cervantes, Jaime, Sanches-Silva, Ana, Madera-Santana, Tomás J., and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
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CHITOSAN , *ANTI-infective agents , *SKIN ulcers , *KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae , *SURFACE morphology , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable, non-toxic, and antimicrobial polymer. Chitosan films can be used as a dressing because they promote the healing of cutaneous ulcers. In this study, the mechanical, physical, and microbiological properties films of pure chitosan and films formulated with a glycerol-honey mixture were characterized. The films were smooth, homogenous, transparent, and porous, with no fractures or cracks. Additionally, it was found that all were resistant to breaking, that the tearing force was directly related to the chitosan concentration, and that the addition of honey and glycerol improved the elongation percentage. When evaluating the antimicrobial activity of the films against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae , the films were found to have an effect only by direct contact. In the films formulated with honey, the area of contact increased to 44%. The excellent color, structural, antimicrobial, and surface morphological properties of the newly developed films make them a promising alternative for use as a dressing for the healing of skin ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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14. Determination of diffusion and partition coefficients of model migrants by direct contact and vapour phase transfer from low-density polyethylene films into cake.
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Paseiro-Cerrato, Rafael, Rodríguez-Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana, Otero-Pazos, Pablo, Sendón, Raquel, and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
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BUTADIENE , *OPTICAL brighteners , *VAPOR phase epitaxial growth , *POLYETHYLENE , *ETHANOL - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the migration kinetics of one photoinitiator, benzophenone, and two optical brighteners, Uvitex OB and 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene (DPBD), from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films into cake. Transfer was assessed by both direct contact and also the vapour phase.To perform the migration tests by direct contact, plastic films enriched with the additives were placed between two cake slices. To evaluate the migration through the gas phase, cake and the fortified LDPE film were placed with no direct contact in a glass container that was hermetically closed. Samples were stored at different time-temperature conditions.Target compounds were extracted from the films with ethanol (70°C, 24 h) and analysed by HPLC-DAD. Relevant parameters such as partition and diffusion coefficients between food and plastic film were calculated. The Arrhenius equation was applied to estimate the diffusion coefficient at any temperature.The data indicate that migration of benzophenone occurs in a significant extent into cake by both direct contact and through the gas phase (no direct contact). Conversely, very little migration occurred for Uvitex OB by direct contact and none through the gas phase. Results for benzophenone suggest that migration through the gas phase should be considered when evaluating migration from food packaging materials into food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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15. Determination of Partition Coefficients of Selected Model Migrants between Polyethylene and Polypropylene and Nanocomposite Polypropylene.
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Otero-Pazos, Pablo, Pereira de Abreu, David A., Sendon, Raquel, Rodriguez Bernaldo de Quiros, Ana, Angulo, Inmaculada, Cruz, Jose M., and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
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PARTITION coefficient (Chemistry) , *POLYETHYLENE , *POLYPROPYLENE , *POLYMERIC nanocomposites , *FOOD packaging , *FOOD safety - Abstract
Studies on nanoparticles have focused the attention of the researchers because they can produce nanocomposites that exhibit unexpected hybrid properties. Polymeric materials are commonly used in food packaging, but from the standpoint of food safety, one of the main concerns on the use of these materials is the potential migration of low molecular substances from the packaging into the food. The key parameters of this phenomenon are the diffusion and partition coefficients. Studies on migration from food packaging with nanomaterials are very scarce. This study is focused on the determination of partition coefficients of different model migrants between the low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) and between LDPE and nanocomposite polypropylene (naPP). The results show that the incorporation of nanoparticles in polypropylene increases the mass transport of model migrants from LDPE to naPP. This quantity of migrants absorbed into PP and naPP depends partially on the nature of the polymer and slightly on the chemical features of the migrant. Relation (RPP/naPP) between partition coefficient KLDPE/PP and partition coefficient KLDPE/naPP at 60°C and 80°C shows that only BHT at 60°C has a RPP/naPP less than 1. On the other hand, bisphenol A has the highest RPP/naPP with approximately 50 times more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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16. Effect of the refining process on Moringa oleifera seed oil quality.
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Sánchez-Machado, Dalia I., López-Cervantes, Jaime, Núñez-Gastélum, José A., Servín de la Mora-López, Gabriela, López-Hernández, Julia, and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
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MORINGA oleifera , *SEED quality , *VEGETABLE oils , *OXIDATIVE stress , *PLANTS , *LINOLEIC acid , *PALMITIC acid - Abstract
We evaluated the physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of the oil extracted from the seeds of Moringa oleifera during its refining process. Refining is accomplished in three stages: neutralization, degumming, and bleaching. Four samples were analyzed, corresponding to each step of the processed and crude oil. Increases in the density, viscosity, saponification value and oxidation of the oil were detected during the refining, while the peroxide value and carotenoid content diminished. Moreover, the refractive index and iodine content were stable throughout the refining. Nine fatty acids were detected in all four samples, and there were no significant differences in their composition. Oleic acid was found in the largest amount, followed by palmitic acid and behenic acid. The crude, neutralized, and degummed oils showed high primary oxidation stability, while the bleached oil had a low incidence of secondary oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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17. Development of new active packaging films containing bioactive nanocomposites.
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Angulo, Inmaculada, Lagarón, José Maria, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Cruz, Jose M.
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FOOD packaging , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials , *BIOACTIVE compounds , *THIN films , *THERMAL stability , *VINYL acetate - Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of active packaging films produced with a natural extract obtained from a residual stream generated during the PVPP cleaning process in the brewing industry after a process of elimination of excess of haze active polyphenols present in beer. The thermal stability of the active phenolic compounds was first established at 100 °C and 200 °C and then incorporated into ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films by extrusion. Migration, antimicrobial activity and lipid oxidation tests showed that EVA film was the most suitable for incorporating the natural extract. Finally, EVA film was spiked with 3% and 6% (w/w) of the natural extract or functionalized nanoclays (0.6%, 1.2% and 1.8%). Functionalized nanoclays were prepared by combining untreated montmorillonite and 20% of natural extract. The films spiked with the highest concentrations of extract or functionalized nanoclays provided the best results by retarding both the oxidation of beef samples by around 60% and S. aureus growth. The active films developed in the present study show promise for use in the food industry. Industrial relevance The new active packaging films developed in this study with a natural extract obtained from a brewery waste and functionalized nanoclays (prepared with natural extract) showed the capacity to enhance the oxidative stability of beef during refrigeration with respect to control films. The use of functionalized nanoclays improves the effectiveness of the active packaging and minimizes the amount of natural extract required. The use of these active packaging films containing bioactive compounds with both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties could extend the shelf life of minimally processed meat products and should therefore be of great interest in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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18. Development of new active packaging films coated with natural phenolic compounds to improve the oxidative stability of beef.
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Aurrekoetxea, Goizane P., Angulo, Inmaculada, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Cruz, José M.
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COMPOSITION of beef , *PHENOL analysis , *BEEF packaging , *OXIDATION , *REFRIGERATION & refrigerating machinery , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *FOOD industry - Abstract
Abstract: The aim is to develop active packaging films containing natural antioxidants and to evaluate their capacity to enhance the oxidative stability of beef during refrigeration. The antioxidant activity of a natural extract obtained from a brewery residual waste was evaluated and compared with that of a commercial rosemary extract and two synthetic antioxidants (BHT and propyl gallate). Different concentrations of each antioxidant were also added directly to beef samples, resulting in a reduction in lipid oxidation of up to 70–80% relative to the control. Active antioxidant films coated with PVPP-WS extract reduced lipid oxidation by up to 80%, relative to the control, during cold storage. The use of active packaging films containing natural extracts could improve the oxidative stability of meat products and should therefore be of great interest in the food industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2014
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19. Correlation of foodstuffs with ethanol–water mixtures with regard to the solubility of migrants from food contact materials.
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Seiler, Annika, Bach, Aurélie, Driffield, Malcolm, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, Mercea, Peter, Tosa, Valer, and Franz, Roland
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FOOD contamination prevention , *FOOD packaging , *PACKAGING materials , *PACKAGED foods , *PROBABILISTIC databases - Abstract
Today most foods are available in a packed form. During storage, the migration of chemical substances from food packaging materials into food may occur and may therefore be a potential source of consumer exposure. To protect the consumer, standard migration tests are laid down in Regulation (EU) No. 10/2011. When using those migration tests and applying additional conservative conventions, estimated exposure is linked with large uncertainties including a certain margin of safety. Thus the research project FACET was initiated within the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission with the aim of developing a probabilistic migration modelling framework which allows one (1) to calculate migration into foods under real conditions of use; and (2) to deliver realistic concentration estimates for consumer exposure modelling for complex packaging materials (including multi-material multilayer structures). The aim was to carry out within the framework of the FACET project a comprehensive systematic study on the solubility behaviour of foodstuffs for potentially migrating organic chemicals. Therefore a rapid and convenient method was established to obtain partition coefficients between polymer and food,KP/F. With this method approximately 700 time-dependent kinetic experiments from spiked polyethylene films were performed using model migrants, foods and ethanol–water mixtures. The partition coefficients of migrants between polymer and food (KP/F) were compared with those obtained using ethanol–water mixtures (KP/F’s) to investigate whether an allocation of food groups with common migration behaviour to certain ethanol–water mixtures could be made. These studies have confirmed that the solubility of a migrant is mainly dependent on the fat content in the food and on the ethanol concentration of ethanol–water mixtures. Therefore dissolution properties of generic food groups for migrants can be assigned to those of ethanol–water mixtures. All foodstuffs (including dry foods) when allocated to FACET model food group codes can be classified into a reduced number of food categories each represented by a corresponding ethanol–water equivalency. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2014
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20. Brewery waste as a potential source of phenolic compounds: Optimisation of the extraction process and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Bilbao, Ainhoa, Vilches, Patxi, Angulo, Inmaculada, LLuis, Jaume, Fité, Benet, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Cruz, José Manuel
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BREWERY waste , *PHENOLS , *EXTRACTION (Chemistry) , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *ANTI-infective agents , *CATECHIN - Abstract
Highlights: [•] Brewery waste stream as a interesting source of phenolic compounds. [•] Study of the effect of the solvent ratio on the extraction process. [•] Natural extracts exhibit notable antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. [•] Catechin and phenolic acids are the main phenolic compounds in crude extract. [•] Natural extract could replace synthetic additives in food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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21. Characterization of Polyester Coatings Intended for Food Contact by Different Analytical Techniques and Migration Testing by LC-MS n.
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Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Vázquez-Loureiro, Patricia, Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Santillana, Mª Isabel, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
- Subjects
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EDIBLE coatings , *ATTENUATED total reflectance , *MATRIX-assisted laser desorption-ionization , *TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry , *POLYESTERS , *MASS spectrometry , *RAMAN microscopy - Abstract
Polymeric coating formulations may contain different components such as cross-linking agents, resins, lubricants, and solvents, among others. If the reaction process or curing conditions are not applied in a proper way, these components may remain unreacted in the polymeric network and could be released and migrate into foods. In this study, several polyester coatings intended for food contact were investigated. Firstly, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer and confocal Raman microscopy were used to identify the type of coating. Then, different techniques, including gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), among others, were used to investigate the potential volatile and non-volatile migrants. Moreover, migration assays were carried out to evaluate the presence of monomers and to tentatively identify possible oligomers below 1000 Da. The analyses were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). Using the information collected from each analytical technique, it was possible to elucidate some of the starting substances used in the formulation of the polyester coatings analyzed in this study. In migration tests, several polyester oligomers were tentatively identified for which there is not toxicological data available and, therefore, no migration limits established to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Development of antioxidant active films containing tocopherols to extend the shelf life of fish
- Author
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Cruz, José Manuel, Sendón, Raquel, Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana, Ares, Ana, Castro-López, Mar, Abad, Maria José, Maroto, Julio, and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
- Subjects
- *
EDIBLE fish storage , *SHELF-life dating of food , *FOOD packaging , *ANTIOXIDANTS , *VITAMIN E , *NATURAL products , *DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry , *POLYETHYLENE films - Abstract
Abstract: With the purpose of develop active films for fish, five natural products with antioxidant properties containing tocopherols were selected and their antioxidant activity in vitro was tested using the DPPH method. In addition these antioxidants were also tested directly on the salmon muscle using the TBARS method. Besides, thermal degradation and differential scanning calorimetry tests allow us to select the products for incorporation into the polymer matrix. Then, two natural products have been selected and incorporated in low density polyethylene films. Film 2 and Film 3, which contain product C at 1 and 5% respectively, presented a reduction in lipid oxidation up to 30% for Film 2 and to 40% for Film 3. Film 4, which contains 5% of product D, reduced lipid oxidation during storage around 30–35 %. The results showed that Film 3 was the most effective to salmon conservation at long-term storage. These films could be used as future active packaging by the food industry for the salmon conservation to extend its shelf life. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Fractionation and Purification of Bioactive Compounds Obtained from a Brewery Waste Stream.
- Author
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Barbosa-Pereira, Letricia, Pocheville, Ainara, Angulo, Inmaculada, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Cruz, Jose M.
- Abstract
The brewery industry generates waste that could be used to yield a natural extract containing bioactive phenolic compounds. We compared two methods of purifying the crude extract--solid-phase extraction (SPE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-- with the aim of improving the quality of the final extract for potential use as safe food additive, functional food ingredient, or nutraceutical. The predominant fractions yielded by SPE were the most active, and the fraction eluted with 30% (v/v) of methanol displayed the highest antioxidant activity (0.20 g L-1), similar to that of BHA. The most active fraction yielded by SFE (EC50 of 0.23 g L-1) was obtained under the following conditions: temperature 40°C, pressure 140 bar, extraction time 30 minutes, ethanol (6%) as a modifier, and modifier flow 0.2 mL min-1. Finally, we found that SFE is the most suitable procedure for purifying the crude extracts and improves the organoleptic characteristics of the product: the final extract was odourless, did not contain solvent residues, and was not strongly coloured. Therefore, natural extracts obtained from the residual stream and purified by SFE can be used as natural antioxidants with potential applications in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Determination of Butylated Hydroxytoluene in Food Samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.
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Ana Sanches-Silva, Cruz, José M., Sendon-Garcia, Raquel, and Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto
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HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *BUTYLATED hydroxytoluene , *FOOD additives , *GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) , *ANALYTICAL chemistry - Abstract
The article reports on the development of a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of butylated hydroxytoluene in food samples. The newly analytical method was compared with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Recovery and repeatability of both methods were tested on chicken breast meat and Gouda cheese.
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- 2007
- Full Text
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25. Identification of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Compounds in Polymeric Coatings Used in Metal Cans by GC-MS and SPME.
- Author
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Vázquez-Loureiro, Patricia, Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Sendón, Raquel, López-Hernández, Julia, Paseiro-Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez-Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
- Subjects
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METAL coating , *MOLECULAR weights , *GAS well drilling , *SOLVENT extraction , *MOLECULES - Abstract
Polymeric coatings are used as a protective layer to preserve food or beverage quality and protect it from corrosion and avoid a metallic taste. These types of materials can contain some chemicals that are susceptible to migrate to food and constitute a risk for consumers' health. This study is focused on the identification of volatile and semi-volatile low molecular weight compounds present in polymeric coatings used for metal food and beverage cans. A method based on solid–liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was optimized for the semi-volatile compounds. Different solvents were tried with the aim of extracting compounds with different polarities. Furthermore, a method based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in headspace (HS) mode and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HSSPME-GC-MS) was developed for the identification of potential volatile migrants in polymeric coatings. Some parameters such as extraction time, equilibrium temperature, or the type of fiber were optimized. Different compounds, including aldehydes such as octanal or nonanal, alcohols such as α-terpineol or 2-butoxyethanol, ethers, alkenes, or phthalic compounds, among others, were identified and confirmed with analytical standards both via SPME analysis as well after solvent extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Application of chromatographic analysis for detecting components from polymeric can coatings and further determination in beverage samples.
- Author
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Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Vázquez Loureiro, Patricia, Sendón, Raquel, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
- Subjects
- *
CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis , *HIGH performance liquid chromatography , *TANDEM mass spectrometry , *ATTENUATED total reflectance , *SURFACE coatings , *EDIBLE coatings - Abstract
• A non-target analysis by P&T GC-MS was performed to investigate can coatings. • ATR-FTIR was used to characterize the type of coating. • A multi-method for bisphenol compounds was validated by using HPLC. • Human exposure to bisphenol compounds was assessed. • The presence of bisphenol compounds in beverage samples was investigated. Major type of internal can coating used for food and beverages is made from epoxy resins, which contain among their components bisphenol A (BPA) or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE). These components can be released and contaminate the food or beverage. There is no specific European legislation for coatings, but there is legislation on specific substances setting migration limits. Many investigations have paid attention to BPA due to its classification as endocrine disruptor, however, few studies are available concerning to other bisphenol analogues that have been used in the manufacture of these resins. To evaluate the presence of this family of compounds, ten cans of beverages were taken as study samples. Firstly, the type of coating was verified using an attenuated total reflectance-FTIR spectrometer to check the type of coating presents in most of the samples examined. A screening method was also performed to investigate potential volatiles from polymeric can coatings of beverages using Purge and Trap (P&T) technique coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS). Moreover, a selective analytical method based on high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) for the simultaneous identification and quantification of thirteen compounds including bisphenol analogues (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG) and BADGEs (BADGE, BADGE.H 2 O, BADGE.2H 2 O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl, BADGE.H2O.HCl, cyclo-di-BADGE) in the polymeric can coatings and in the beverage samples was applied. In addition, a liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was optimized for confirmation purposes. The method showed an adequate linearity (R 2 >0.9994) and low detection levels down to 5 µg/L. Cyclo-di-BADGE was detected in all extracts of polymeric coatings. The concentrations ranged from 0.004 to 0.60 mg/dm2. No detectable amounts of bisphenol related compounds were found in any of the beverage samples at levels that may pose a risk to human health, suggesting a low intake of bisphenols from beverages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. GC-MS Screening for the Identification of Potential Migrants Present in Polymeric Coatings of Food Cans.
- Author
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Lestido Cardama, Antía, Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Santillana, M. Isabel, Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, and Rodríguez Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana
- Subjects
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PACKAGED foods , *EDIBLE coatings , *TANDEM mass spectrometry , *CANNED foods , *BISPHENOL A , *FOOD packaging - Abstract
The coatings used in cans can release complex chemical mixtures into foodstuffs. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical methods for the identification of these potential migrant compounds in packaged food to guarantee the compliance with European food packaging legislation and ensure consumer safety. In the present work, the type of coating in a total of twelve cans collected in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) were evaluated using an ATR (attenuated total reflectance)-FTIR spectrometer. These samples were analysed after extraction with acetonitrile in order to identify potential migrants through a screening method by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of forty-seven volatile and semi-volatile compounds were identified in these samples, including plasticizers, photoinitiators, antioxidants, lubricants, etc. Then, in a second step, a targeted analysis was carried out for the simultaneous determination of 13 compounds, including bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG) and BADGEs (BADGE, BADGE.H2O, BADGE.2H2O, BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl, BADGE.H2O.HCl, cyclo-di-BADGE) by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) source. Among all the bisphenols analysed, only the bisphenol A was detected in four samples; while cyclo-di-BADGE was the predominant compound detected in all the samples analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Migration Studies of Two Common Components of UV-curing Inks into Food Simulants.
- Author
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Lago, Miguel A., Sendón, Raquel, Bustos, Juana, Nieto, María T., Paseiro Losada, Perfecto, Rodríguez-Bernaldo de Quirós, Ana, Franz, Roland, and Welle, Frank
- Subjects
- *
DIFFUSION , *FOOD packaging , *PLASTICS , *DIFFUSION coefficients , *INK - Abstract
The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) has reported many cases of different UV curing inks components in foodstuffs during the last few years. These contaminants reach foodstuffs mainly by set-off, their principal migration mechanism from the package. Under this premise, this work has tried to characterize the process of migration of two common UV ink components: a photoinitiator (4-Methylbenzophenone) and a coinitiator (Ethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate), from the most common plastic material used in food packaging low-density polyethylene (LDPE) into six different food simulants. The migration kinetics tests were performed at four different common storage temperatures, obtaining the key migration parameters for both molecules: the coefficients of diffusion and partition. The migration process was highly dependent on the storage conditions, the photoinitiator properties and the pH of the foodstuff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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