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Two new europium coordination compounds, [Eu2(papip)2(PhCOO)6] and [Eu2(phpip)2(PhCOO)6] (papip is 1-phenyl-2-(4-aminophenyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and phpip 1-phenyl-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), have been synthesized hydrothermally and structurally characterized, involving the in situ hydrolysis of phenylacetonitrile to phenylacetate. The –NH2 group in the former complex was unexpectedly generated from the –NO2 group of free 1-phenyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline during the reaction process, representing the first such transformation in a hydrothermal reaction. Both complexes exhibit bright red photoemission typical of Eu(III) f–f transition under UV excitation, with long excited state lifetimes and quite high photoluminescence quantum yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper was to analyze the influence of corn 'price-subsidy separation' policy on the stability of pork supply chain, so as to maintain the stability of pork supply market. Based on the panel data of 19 major corn producing provinces in China from 2012 to 2021, the impact of corn 'price-subsidy separation' policy on the stability of pork supply chain in China was tested by double difference method. The results show that, on the basis of controlling a series of other factors, with the increase of corn price, the implementation of corn 'price-subsidy separation' policy could positively improve the stability of pork supply chain in China, and the improvement effect was about 0.042. Further study showed that the policy of 'price-subsidy separation' of corn has obvious influence on the upstream stability of pork supply chain, and the upstream stability of pork supply chain had increased by 0.106 7% after the implementation of the policy. The study indicates that 'price-subsidy separation' policy of corn can promote the stability of pork supply chain in China, and the effect is stronger in the upstream of pork supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glucose metabolic reprogramming, known as the Warburg effect, is one of the metabolic hallmarks of tumor cells. Cancer cells preferentially metabolize glucose by glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation regardless of oxygen availability, but the regulatory mechanism underlying this switch has been incompletely understood. Here, we report that the circular RNA circ ankyrin repeat domain 17 (ANKRD17) functions as a key regulator for glycolysis to promote cell growth, migration, invasion, and cell‐cycle progression in breast cancer (BC) cells. We further show that circANKRD17 acts to accelerate glycolysis in BC cells by acting as a sponge for miR‐143 and in turn overrides the repressive effect of miR‐143, a well‐documented glycolytic repressor, on hexokinase 2 in BC cells, thus resulting in enhanced glycolysis in BC cells. These data suggest the circANKRD17‐miR‐143 cascade as a novel mechanism in controlling glucose metabolic reprogramming in BC cells and suggest circANKRD17 as a promising therapeutic target to interrupt cancerous glycolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavioral persistency reflects internal brain states, which are the foundations of multiple brain functions. However, experimental paradigms enabling genetic analyses of behavioral persistency and its associated brain functions have been limited. Here, we report novel persistent behavioral responses caused by electric stimuli in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. When the animals on bacterial food are stimulated by alternating current, their movement speed suddenly increases 2- to 3-fold, persisting for more than 1 minute even after a 5-second stimulation. Genetic analyses reveal that voltage-gated channels in the neurons are required for the response, possibly as the sensors, and neuropeptide signaling regulates the duration of the persistent response. Additional behavioral analyses implicate that the animal's response to electric shock is scalable and has a negative valence. These properties, along with persistence, have been recently regarded as essential features of emotion, suggesting that C. elegans response to electric shock may reflect a form of emotion, akin to fear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe herein an intriguing method for the synthesis of biaryl aldehydes bearing both axial and central chirality through a desymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of activated isocyanides with prochiral biaryl dialdehydes under silver catalysis. This protocol features excellent enantioselectivity, 100% atom economy, good functional group compatibility, and operational simplicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study explored the differences in nightmare, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and cognitive deficits among adolescents and the chain mediating effects of insomnia, depression, and anxiety on the relationship between nightmares and cognitive deficits in adolescents.Methods: An online survey was used to collect demographic data of 6014 adolescents and assess nightmare, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and cognitive deficits using the Chinese Version of Nightmare Distress Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Patient Health Questionnaire 9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7, and Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression. Spearman correlation analysis and the SPSS function "PROCESS macro" were used for correlation and mediation analyses, respectively.Results: Female adolescents, senior high school, and poor academic performance had higher nightmare, insomnia, and cognitive deficit scores; those living in the city had higher depression and anxiety scores. Cognitive deficits were positively correlated with nightmares, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Further, insomnia, depression, and anxiety had a chain mediating effect between nightmares and cognitive deficits in adolescents. Nightmares indirectly affect cognition deficits by affecting insomnia and then depression and anxiety symptoms.Limitations: As this was a cross-sectional study, the causal relationship between the variables could not be determined. Moreover, reporting bias and volunteer bias might be present.Conclusions: These findings suggest that clinicians should identify adolescents with frequent nightmares early and provide timely treatment to minimize negative outcomes and possibly limit the chronicity of nightmare disorder. It is significant to maintain the physical and mental health development of adolescents to reduce the risk of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and cognitive deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inhibition of the Hippo pathway through targeting the Yes-associated protein (YAP) presents a novel and promising approach for treating tumors. However, the efficacy of YAP inhibitors in the context of breast cancer (BC) remains incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to investigate the involvement of YAP in BC's metabolic reprogramming and reveal the potential underlying mechanisms. To this end, we assessed the function of verteporfin (VP), a YAP-TEAD complex inhibitor, on the glycolytic activity of BC cells. We evaluated the expression of YAP by utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC) in BC patients who have undergone 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) prior to biopsy/surgery. We employed RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) assays to assess the interaction between YAP mRNA and human antigen R (HuR) in BC cells. The biological importance of YAP in the metabolism and malignancy of BC was evaluated in vitro. Finally, the effect of VP on glycolysis was determined by using 18F-FDG uptake, glucose consumption, and lactate production assays. Our studies revealed that high expression of YAP was positively correlated with the maximum uptake value (SUVmax) determined by 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in BC samples. Inhibition of YAP activity suppressed glycolysis in BC. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon could be the binding of YAP to HuR, which promotes glycolysis in BC cells. Treatment with VP effectively suppressed glycolysis induced by YAP overexpression in BC cells. VP exhibited anti-glycolytic effect on BC cells, indicating its therapeutic value as an FDA-approved drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of activated isocyanides with various 2π dipolarophiles have been intensively studied, affording a wide range of enantioenriched five-membered N-heterocycles. In sharp contrast, the catalytic enantioselective higher-order cycloaddition of activated isocyanides has not been achieved yet. We present here our recent work on the development of an unprecedented silver-catalyzed highly diastereo- and enantioselective [3+3] cycloaddition of activated isocyanides with azomethine imines. This method features high efficiency, good to excellent stereocontrol, wide substrate scope, as well as operational simplicity. It is also noteworthy that the same catalytic system was proved to be suitable for not only the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules but also the kinetic resolution of racemic azomethine imines. 1 Introduction 2 Results and Discussion 3 Summary and Outlook [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Zn,Co bimetallic organic skeleton material ZIF-11(Zn/Co) with different molar ratios was synthesized at room temperature by a one-pot method as a catalyst for the activation of persulfate (PMS) degradation of tylosin (TYL). By comparing the experimental systems of ZIF-11, ZIF-11(Zn/Co)-2, persulfate, and ZIF-11(Zn/Co)-2/PMS, the experimental system with the best effect was selected for subsequent research. X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and specific surface area and porosity analyses were used to describe and characterize the properties of the catalysts. A certain concentration of TYL solution was chosen as the experimental sample, and the pollutant concentration, pH, catalyst dosage, persulfate dosage and reaction temperature were used as the experimental conditions. The influence factors of catalytic removal of TYL by ZIF-11(Zn/Co)-2/PMS were studied. The specific mechanism of catalytic degradation of TYL was investigated using the results of free radical quenching experiments. The results showed that, under acidic conditions and at higher temperatures, the removal rate of bimetal ZIF-11(Zn/Co)-2 to TYL (40 mg L−1) within 30 min reaches more than 80%. Experiments showed that the catalyst has good reusability. According to the data analysis after the addition of a free radical quenching agent in the experimental process, it can be seen that the sulfate free radical plays a leading role in the entire experimental system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contrast to the well‐established [3+2] cycloaddition reactions, the catalytic enantioselective [3+n] (n≥3) cycloaddition reaction of activated isocyanides for the preparation of six‐membered or larger ring systems has remained underdeveloped. Herein, we report the first example of highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective [3+3] cycloaddition of activated isocyanides with azomethine imines. By employing silver catalysis, a wide range of biologically important bicyclic 1,2,4‐triazines were obtained in high yields (up to 99 %) with good to excellent stereoselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr, 99 % ee). In addition, the same catalytic system could be applied to both the late‐stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules and the kinetic resolution of racemic azomethine imines, further highlighting its versatility and synthetic utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contrast to the well‐established [3+2] cycloaddition reactions, the catalytic enantioselective [3+n] (n≥3) cycloaddition reaction of activated isocyanides for the preparation of six‐membered or larger ring systems has remained underdeveloped. Herein, we report the first example of highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective [3+3] cycloaddition of activated isocyanides with azomethine imines. By employing silver catalysis, a wide range of biologically important bicyclic 1,2,4‐triazines were obtained in high yields (up to 99 %) with good to excellent stereoselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr, 99 % ee). In addition, the same catalytic system could be applied to both the late‐stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules and the kinetic resolution of racemic azomethine imines, further highlighting its versatility and synthetic utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organosulfurs are important commodity chemicals and indispensable synthetic intermediates in modern chemistry that were traditionally synthesized using metal catalysts, oxidants or strong bases, which caused numerous environmental pollution issues. The divergent synthesis of these scaffolds via a single catalysis under catalyst and oxidant free conditions is a fantastic idea to overcome these drawbacks. Here, we report a safe, practical and eco-friendly electrochemical methodology for the controllable dechloro-coupling of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) with thiols, providing value-added β-chloroethylsulfurs, which serve as versatile building blocks in the efficient late-stage conversion to bioactive molecules. The mildness and practicality of this protocol was further demonstrated by the total synthesis of anti-gout drug sulfinpyrazone in a 32% total yield over three steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To study the molecular mechanism of miR-126 in partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain. Methods: Mice were divided into four groups: sham, partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL), PSL+miRnegative control (NC) agomir, and PSL+miR-126 agomir. Tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were tested to evaluate the effect of PSL surgery and miR-126 overexpression on mice in each group. Expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay to verify the anti-inflammatory effects of PSL surgery and miR-126 overexpression. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to investigate macrophage number, whereas quantitative PCR was applied to investigate miR-126 expression levels in each group. J774A.1 macrophage migration was evaluated by Transwell assays after administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and transfection with miR-126 mimics and NC mimics, respectively. Finally, bioinformatics methods and dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied together to ascertain the interaction between miR-126 and EFhd2. Results: MiR-126 expression was downregulated in the sciatic nerve of neuropathic pain model mice, and miR-126 overexpression alleviated neuropathic pain symptoms. Overexpression of miR-126 inhibited the inflammatory response and migration of macrophages in mice. miR-126 targets and regulates EFhd2 expression level. Conclusion: MiR-126 suppresses macrophage inflammatory response and migration, and ameliorates PSL-induced neuropathic pain in mice by targeting EFhd2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An iridium/f‐diaphos catalytic system for the enantioselective hydrogenation of α‐substituted β‐ketoesters via dynamic kinetic resolution is reported. The desired anti β'‐hydroxy‐β‐amino esters were obtained in moderate to good yields (60–95%) with 72–99% ees and 91:9 to 99:1 drs. This protocol tolerates various functional groups and could be easily conducted on gram scale with lower catalyst loading (TON up to 9100). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the predictive values of femoral proximal medullary morphology for the use of subtrochanteric osteotomy (STO) in unilateral Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods: Ninety four patients with unilateral Crowe type IV DDH (59 hips in STO group and 35 hips in the non‐STO group) between April 2008 and June 2019 were enrolled. All patients underwent THA using the Pinnacle acetabular shell, ceramic liner and femoral head, the S‐ROM stem with proximal sleeve. Three parameters on the standard anteroposterior hip radiographs were measured: the widths of medullary canals at 20 mm above the center of lesser trochanter (CLT)，20 mm below the CLT and the isthmus. Canal flare index (CFI), metaphyseal canal flare index (MCFI), diaphyseal canal flare index (DCFI) were calculated. A S‐ROM femoral stem was used in all patients during total hip arthroplasty (THA). Results: The CFI and DCFI in the STO group were lower than those in the non‐STO group. However, there was no statistical difference in MCFI between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves shown that DCFI had the highest area under the curve (AUC), at 0.885. This was followed by the CFI, which had an AUC of 0.847. The AUC of MCFI was 0.579. The optimal threshold for DCFI was 1.44, which lead to a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.771, 0.898, 0.869, and 0.818, respectively. For CFI, the optimal threshold was 3.28, resulting in a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 0.829, 0.729, 0.878, and 0.644, respectively. Conclusions: The DCFI and CFI may be potent indicators in predicting the use of STO in unilateral Crowe IV DDH. The optimal threshold for CFI and DCFI were 3.28 and 1.44 and had good sensitivity and specificity for predicting the use of STO during THA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A safe, practical and eco-friendly electrochemical methodology for the synthesis of 3-formylated indoles has been developed by the utilization of Me3N as a novel formylating reagent. Stoichiometric oxidants, metal catalysts, and activating agents were avoided in this method, and an aqueous biphasic system of n-Bu4NBF4/PEG-400/H2O was used as a recyclable and reusable reaction medium, which made this electrosynthesis approach more sustainable and environmentally friendly. This process expanded the substrate scope and functional group tolerance for both N-EDG and N-EWG indoles. Furthermore, late-stage functionalization and total/formal synthesis of drugs and natural products were realized by means of this route. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new triterpene, 3-formyl-oleanolic acid (1), with ten known compounds (2–11) were isolated from the whole dried plant of Hedyotis uncinella Hook. et Arn. The structures of all compounds were determined by various spectroscopic methods. The antioxidant activities and the antiproliferative activities were evaluated. The results provided insight into the antioxidant and anticancer components of Hedyotis uncinella in further development and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For structures with both random and fuzzy uncertainty parameters, a novel method for obtaining the membership function of reliability in the fuzziness failure criterion is presented using a Random Fuzzy Support Vector Machine based on the Particle Swarm Optimization method (PSO-RFSVM). The proposed method is used to solve the structural reliability problem with implicit limit state function in the presence of mixed variables. Under each cut level, a new distance measure between the mixed variables is presented, named the advanced Yang distance; then, the RFSVM model can be constructed using the kernel function built by the advanced Yang distance and random fuzzy mixed sampling points. Furthermore, to obtain satisfactory fitting, a PSO algorithm is used to optimize the super-parameters in RFSVM. The limit state function is subsequently approximated at the given cut level, and then, the reliability bound under the given cut level is readily obtained. The PSO-RFSVM method provides a new efficient analysis framework in the case of implicit approximation under mixed uncertainty when the classical method has excessive consumption in virtual prototype simulation. Two examples are used to demonstrate the validity and advantage of PSO-RFSVM compared to the Extreme Response Surface based on Simulated Annealing (SAERS) method and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement of science and technology, nano materials have been widely used in various fields. Nanomaterials have the advantages of small size and high activity. Since the 1990s, nanomaterials have been widely used in cement-based materials to make up for the deficiencies of traditional concrete construction materials. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of nano-materials on the specific properties of cement-based materials. Starting from the characteristics of nano-materials and combining the problems encountered in the practical application of cement-based materials, the water-absorbing properties, durability, and bonding properties of cement-based materials are respectively studied. Three aspects are analyzed. Firstly, the capillary water absorption theory was used for the experiment. The 3d water absorption of the conservation was tested through a comparative experiment. The order of descending water absorption was: NS @ PCE-3> NS @ PCE-2> NS @ PCE-1> NS, in this order, At 90 min, compared with the blank sample without surface treatment, the reduction in water absorption was 28.70%, 19.33%, 14.06%, and 3.91%, and similar conclusions were obtained for curing 7d and 28d. The results show that nano-silica is beneficial to Enhance the water absorption of cement-based materials. Secondly, the ASTMC1202 method was used to test the chloride ion flux of the cement mortar, and the hydrophilic nano-SiO2, lipophilic nano-SiO2, and nano-SiO2 sols were analyzed for 6 h of energization. At a state of 0.5%, the nano-SiO2 powder resisted mortar The permeability enhancement effect of the other two nanomaterials is obvious. The 6 h electric flux is only 1615.0, the nano-SiO2 sol effect is the second, the maximum doped electric flux is 1683.4 C, and the lipophilic SiO2 effect is the worst. Finally, the split-pull test and oblique shear test show that nano-SiO2 is beneficial for the adhesion of polymer cement-based materials. In summary, it is demonstrated that nano-SiO2 has a very good improvement effect on the water absorption, durability, and adhesion of cement-based materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hard carbon (HC) is recognized as a promising anode material with outstanding electrochemical performance for alkali metal‐ion batteries including lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), as well as their analogs sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). Herein, a comprehensive review of the recent research is presented to interpret the challenges and opportunities for the applications of HC anodes. The ion storage mechanisms, materials design, and electrolyte optimizations for alkali metal‐ion batteries are illustrated in‐depth. HC is particularly promising as an anode material for SIBs. The solid‐electrolyte interphase, initial Coulombic efficiency, safety concerns, and all‐climate performances, which are vital for practical applications, are comprehensively discussed. Furthermore, commercial prototypes of SIBs based on HC anodes are extensively elaborated. The remaining challenges and research perspectives are provided, aiming to shed light on future research and early commercialization of HC‐based SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hard carbon (HC) is recognized as a promising anode material with outstanding electrochemical performance for alkali metal‐ion batteries including lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), as well as their analogs sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). Herein, a comprehensive review of the recent research is presented to interpret the challenges and opportunities for the applications of HC anodes. The ion storage mechanisms, materials design, and electrolyte optimizations for alkali metal‐ion batteries are illustrated in‐depth. HC is particularly promising as an anode material for SIBs. The solid‐electrolyte interphase, initial Coulombic efficiency, safety concerns, and all‐climate performances, which are vital for practical applications, are comprehensively discussed. Furthermore, commercial prototypes of SIBs based on HC anodes are extensively elaborated. The remaining challenges and research perspectives are provided, aiming to shed light on future research and early commercialization of HC‐based SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Interact partners of Sorcin in cancer and in other diseases. • The function of Sorcin. • The role of Sorcin. Sorcin (Soluble resistance-related calcium binding protein) is a calcium binding oncoprotein. Sorcin is overexpressed in several human tumors and cancer cells lines which confers multidrug resistance (MDR) to these cells. This review summarizes the biochemical functions of Sorcin which includes modulation of calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, and cancer metastasis. Sorcin is involved in various biological processes by interacting with other proteins, such as p‐glycoprotein, programmed cell death protein 6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1, Annexin A7, polo-like kinase 1, HCV nonstructural 5A, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, presenilin 2, α–synuclein, Ca2+-release channel and others. A deeper look into the function and interacting partners of Sorcin sheds more light on the possible effects of its physical activity and more elaborately, exploring the role of Sorcin in future research prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of Mn(I) catalysts containing imidazole-based chiral PNN tridentate ligands with controllable 'side arm' groups have been established, enabling the inexpensive base-promoted asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones with outstanding activities (up to 8200 TON) and good enantioselectivities (up to 88.5% ee). This protocol features wide substrate scope and functional group tolerance, thereby providing easy access to a key intermediate of crizotinib. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal‐free method to construct quinoline derivatives via B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed cyclization of anilines with aldehyde derivatives and pyruvates is described. This three‐component cascade reaction provides an efficient approach for the easy access to various substituted quinoline‐4‐carboxylic esters with 71% to 92% yield. The utility of this methodology was further demonstrated by gram‐scale formal synthesis of the antimalarial drug DDD107498. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first example of CoCl2‐catalyzed formal [5+2] oxidative annulation of o‐arylanilines with alkynes was developed, giving access to various important imine‐containing dibenzo‐[b,d]azepine scaffolds through sequential C−C/C−N bond formation. The reaction employs catalytic amount of manganese and oxygen as cooxidants, and features a broad substrate scope. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that C−H activation is involved in the rate‐determining step. Moreover, both internal and terminal alkynes are well tolerated in this transformation. Besides, a regioselective migratory insertion was observed when using terminal alkynes as substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma cells tend to be more aggressive and show enhanced glucose uptake which could be exploited for anti-cancer strategy. Previously, we identified hexokinase 2 (HK2) as a direct target of miR-143. In our current study, the effects of miR-143 on glucose metabolism and tumor biological behavior were investigated in FTC-133 cells which is a poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC). Additionally, tumor-bearing mice xenografts of PDTC were constructed, with encapsulated miR-143 agomir being administered intravenously. 18F-FDG microPET-CT scanning was used for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. The tumor-restrained effect of miR-143 was demonstrated in PDTC. Furthermore, microPET/CT imaging exhibited a reduction of 18F-FDG uptake in tumors, corresponding to the downregulated expression of HK2 in tissues. In summary, our results suggest that miR-143 can be an alternative treatment for PDTC and the specific assessment of therapeutic response to miR-143 can be achieved by 18F-FDG microPET/CT in advanced thyroid carcinoma xenografts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of a new pentadentate Schiff base hydrazide ligand, (E)-methyl N′-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarboxylate (HL), with lanthanide nitrate, and sodium acetate in the presence of triethylamine, resulted in a novel family of octanuclear neutral compounds, [Ln8(μ3-O)4(L)8(CH3COO)4(CO3)2]·xH2O, where Ln = Gd (1), Tb (2), Dy (3), or Ho (4). Compounds 1–4 contained two unusual Ln4 boat-shaped units, which were held by four L− chelating ligands, two μ3-O2−, and one μ4-CO32−. These structures were interconnected by four CH3COO− ions, forming a novel Ln8 cluster. Magnetic studies revealed antiferromagnetic Gd…Gd interactions in Gd8, which exhibited a significant magnetocaloric effect and a magnetic entropy change as large as 32.49 J K−1 kg−1 at a field of 7 T at 2 K. In addition, Dy8 exhibited a frequency dependent slow relaxation of magnetization at a zero applied direct current magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive microbial interactions occur within insect hosts. However, the interactions between the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen and endosymbiotic bacteria within the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) in wild populations remain elusive. Thus, this study aimed to detect the infection rates of HLB in the ACP across five localities in China, with a widespread prevalence in Ruijin (RJ, 58%), Huidong (HD, 28%), and Lingui (LG, 15%) populations. Next, microbial communities of RJ and LG populations collected from citrus were analyzed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The results revealed a markedly higher microbial diversity in the RJ population compared to the LG population. Moreover, the PCoA analysis identified significant differences in microbial communities between the two populations. Considering that the inter-population differences of Bray–Curtis dissimilarity in the RJ population exceeded those between populations, separate analyses were performed. Our findings indicated an increased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in individuals infected with HLB in both populations. Random forest analysis also identified Enterobacteriaceae as a crucial indicator of HLB infection. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis suggested a potential regulatory role of ASV4017 in Enterobacteriaceae for ACP, suggesting its possible attractant activity. This research contributes to expanding the understanding of microbial communities associated with HLB infection, holding significant implications for HLB prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies a class of impulsive neutral stochastic partial differential equations in real Hilbert spaces. The main goal here is to consider the Trotter-Kato approximations of mild solutions of such equations in the pth-mean (p ≥ 2). As an application, a classical limit theorem on the dependence of such equations on a parameter is obtained. The novelty of this paper is that the combination of this approximating system and such equations has not been considered before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quantile regression technique is introduced into the Lotka–Volterra ecosystem analysis framework. The quantile grey Lotka–Volterra model is established to reveal the dynamic trade relationship between China and the United States. An optimisation model is constructed to solve optimum quantile parameters. The empirical results show that the quantile grey Lotka–Volterra model shows higher fitting accuracy and reveals the trade relationships at different quantiles based on quarterly data on China–US trade from 1999 to 2019. The long-term China–US trade relationship presents a prominent predator–prey relationship because exports from China to the US inhibited China's imports from the United States. Moreover, we divide samples into five stages according to four key events, China's accession to the WTO, the 2008 global financial crisis, the weak global economic recovery in 2015, and the 2018 China–US trade war, recognising various characteristics at different stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • 0.5 mol% of B(C 6 F 5) 3 promoting oxidative deamination/cyclization cascade reaction. • Constructing 2,4,6-triarylpyridines under metal-free and solvent-free condition. • Easy access to PBAPP, a key intermediate of aramid fiber. Abstract The B(C 6 F 5) 3 -catalyzed oxidative deamination/cyclization cascade reaction of benzylamines and ketones for the construction of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines under metal-/solvent-free conditions has been successfully achieved. The advantages of this strategy include good functional group tolerance, low catalyst loading and high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Octodonta nipae (Maulik, 1921), a hispid that damages several species of palm trees, was introduced accidently into China in 2001. The egg, larva, prepupa and pupa of O. nipae are illustrated and described in detail and compared with another invasive species, Brontispa longissima (Gestro, 1885); the scanning electron micrographs of the head capsule, antenna, maxilla, labium and lateral scoli are provided, as well as photos of body of all larval instars and pupa. It is the second description of immature stages in the genus Octodonta Chapuis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The first example of a Cu‐catalyzed and 4‐OH‐TEMPO mediated intermolecular [3+3] annulation of saturated ketones with β‐enamino esters is reported herein, which was successfully used for the synthesis of versatile nicotinates through sequential β‐C(sp3)‐H bond alkenylation, enamine‐carbonyl condensation and aromatization. This protocol tolerates a variety of functional groups, thereby providing a practical and efficient method for the fabrication of 5H‐chromeno[4,3‐b]pyridin‐5‐one skeletons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taxol is a curatively effective but rare anti-tumor agent extracted from Taxus (yew) barks; however, the high cost and low production of the extraction method have limited its widespread use. In this study, fungi isolated from Taxus chinensis var . mairei were tested for their ability to produce taxol. High performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry confirmed that Aspergillus aculeatinus Tax-6, one of the endophytic fungi, could produce taxol in potato dextrose agar liquid medium. NaOAc, Cu 2+ , and salicylic acid were introduced into the medium to enhance taxol production of strain Tax-6 because NaOAc is an important precursor of taxol, Cu 2+ may enhance the activity of oxidase and catalyze the formation of taxol, and salicylic acid could be an elicitor signal. Application of response surface methodology to optimize the culture led to the addition of CuSO 4 , salicylic acid and sodium acetate at 0.1 mg L −1 , 10 mg L −1 and 8 g L −1 to improve taxol yield from 334.92 to 1337.56 μg L −1 . Overall, the results of this study confirmed that fungal taxol has the potential to be broadly applied by optimizing the culture conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ag 6 O 8 ·AgHSO 4 is a strong oxidizer that can be easily synthesized, but its unstability causes the self-decomposition easily. To effectively control and monitor this unstable process for synthesis, we used a closed wireless nanopore electrode (CWNE) to realize the repeated electrosynthesis and decomposition of Ag 6 O 8 ·AgHSO 4 at the nano interface. The in situ d ark field images traced the highly repeatable growth and dissolution of the Ag 6 O 8 ·AgHSO 4 particle. The real-time current recording revealed that the Ag 6 O 8 ·AgHSO 4 particle growth process is synchronized with the electrocatalytic process. The rapid catalytic process of water oxidation causes two-step bubble coverage to block the electrode surface area. The calculated effective electrode area ratio (Φ) of the two stages were 68.9–82.6% and 14.5–25.6%. These results indicated that with the growth of the Ag 6 O 8 ·AgHSO 4 particle, the crystal plane also grew proportionally, which allowed the bubbles to block similarly on this crystal plane during the electrodeposition. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the CWNE can not only electrically control the growth of an unstable single particle with high repeatability, but also directly and in situ characterize gas−liquid−solid catalytic reactions for unstable catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly improved the ability to infer protein sequences directly from protein structures for the fix-backbone design. The methods have evolved from the early use of multi-layer perceptrons to convolutional neural networks, transformers, and graph neural networks (GNN). However, the conventional approach of constructing K-nearest-neighbors (KNN) graph for GNN has limited the utilization of edge information, which plays a critical role in network performance. Here we introduced SPIN-CGNN based on protein contact maps for nearest neighbors. Together with auxiliary edge updates and selective kernels, we found that SPIN-CGNN provided a comparable performance in refolding ability by AlphaFold2 to the current state-of-the-art techniques but a significant improvement over them in term of sequence recovery, perplexity, deviation from amino-acid compositions of native sequences, conservation of hydrophobic positions, and low complexity regions, according to the test by unseen structures, "hallucinated" structures and diffusion models. Results suggest that low complexity regions in the sequences designed by deep learning, for generated structures in particular, remain to be improved, when compared to the native sequences. Author summary: We proposed SPIN-CGNN, a deep learning-based method for fixed backbone protein design. Our studies showed that introducing contact map-based graph construction, second-order edge updates, and selective kernels cumulatively improved the performance over existing methods in native and generated structures according to multiple measures, including amino-acid compositions, amino-acid substitutions, low complexity regions, and conservations of hydrophobic/hydrophilic positions for specific evaluation of fix backbone protein design methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first example of cobalt-catalyzed C( sp2)−H carbonylation of benzylamines using a traceless directing group is reported, which was successfully applied to the synthesis of N−unprotected iso-indolinones through direct C−H/N−H bonds activation. This protocol tolerates a variety of functional groups and provides a facile and efficient method for the formal synthesis of (+)-garenoxacin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reprogramming of glucose metabolism from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism, known as the Warburg effect, is an anomalous characteristic of cancer cell metabolism. Recent studies have revealed a subset of microRNAs (miRNAs) that play critical roles in regulating the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells. These miRNAs regulate cellular glucose metabolism by directly targeting multiple metabolic genes, including those encoding key glycolytic enzymes. In the first part of this review, we summarized the recent knowledge of miRNA regulation in the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells and discussed the potential utilization of the key miRNA regulators as metabolic targets for developing new antitumor agents. Then, we summarized recent advances in methods and techniques for studying miRNA regulation in cancer cell metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the use of malachite green was banned, it is desirable to search for alternative drug to control Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infection. Moreover, route of administration which is easy to implement and less stressful to fish is important to treat infection of fish with this parasite. It is also important to enhance protective effect against Aeromonas hydrophila infection after parasitism by I. multifiliis. The present study evaluated the protective effect of diet supplemented with Artemisia annua against I. multifiliis and A. hydrophila infection after the parasitism. The results showed that oral administration with A. annua at a concentration of 20 g/kg feed for 45 days can provide strong protection against I. multifiliis infection. The incidence of infestation and mean number of trophonts on fish fins on day 3 post-challenge (15,000 theronts/fish) were significantly reduced compared with the control, and the survival rate of fish during 15-day period was also increased by nearly 30 %. But, this diet provided very limited protection against higher infection dose. Besides, this study demonstrated that this diet enhanced protective effect against A. hydrophila after the fish were infected with I. multifiliis. On the basis of the above results, oral administration with A. annua can be used as a potential strategy for control I. multifiliis infection and increasing fish survival after parasitism by I. multifiliis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A 16O/18O exchange reaction was optimized for stable, available, affordable NBCs 18O-labeled standards preparation. • With 18O-labeled IS, a UPLC-MRM based NBCs pharmacokinetics analysis strategy was formed. • Quantification accuracy and precision with 18O-labeled IS was significantly improved. • The method was successfully applied to analyze PK of biological samples. Natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) are regarded as candidates for many medical applications widely. Due to the complicated structure and biosynthesis source, only a few NBCs were supplied with commercial isotopic labeled standards. This shortage resulted in poor quantitation reliability in bio-samples for most NBCs, considering the remarkable matrix effects. NBCs metabolism and distribution studies would be restricted consequently. Those properties played critical roles in drug discovery and development. In this study, a fast, convenient, widely adopting 16O/18O exchange reaction was optimized for stable, available, affordable NBCs 18O-labeled standards preparation. With 18O- labeled internal standard, a UPLC-MRM-based NBCs pharmacokinetics analysis strategy was formed. Pharmacokinetics of caffeic acid with Hyssopus Cuspidatus Boriss extract (SXCF) dosed mice was carried out by established strategy. Compared with traditional external standards quantitation, adapting 18O-labeled internal standards, both accuracy and precision were enhanced significantly. Thus, the platform built by this work would accelerate the pharmaceutical research with NBCs, by providing a reliable, wide-adapted, affordable, isotopic internal standard-based bio-samples NBCs absolute quantitation strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cysteine (Cys) and histidine (His) both play indispensable roles in many important biological activities. An enhanced Cys level can result in Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases. Likewise, His plays a significant role in the growth and repair of tissues as well as in controlling the transmission of metal elements in biological bases. Therefore, it is meaningful to detect Cys and His simultaneously. In this work, a novel terbium (III) coordination polymer-Cu (II) ensemble (Tb3+/GMP-Cu2+) was proposed. Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) can self-assemble with Tb3+ to form a supramolecular Tb3+ coordination polymer (Tb3+/GMP), which can be suited as a time-resolved probe. The fluorescence of Tb3+/GMP would be quenched upon the addition of Cu2+, and then the fluorescence of the as-prepared Tb3+/GMP-Cu2+ ensemble would be restored again in the presence of Cys or His. By incorporating N-Ethylmaleimide and Ni2+ as masking agents, Tb3+/GMP-Cu2+ was further exploited as an integrated logic system and a specific time-resolved fluorescent "turn-on" assay for simultaneously sensing His and Cys was designed. Meanwhile it can also be used in plasma samples, showing great potential to meet the need of practical application. Graphical abstractfx1Highlights· An integrated logic system was presented based on a novel terbium (III) coordination polymer-Cu2+ ensemble. · A time-resolved fluorescent "turn-on" probe was developed for simultaneous detection of Cys and His by incorporating masking agents. · The probe can also be used in plasma samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combinatorial therapy is a promising strategy for infectious diseases because it may result in improved efficacy and reduced side effects. No synergistic drug combinations, however, have yet been identified for control of fish infectious diseases based on systematic screening. In this study, 10 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) demonstrating a strong anthelmintic effect against Dactylogyrus were selected for systematic screening, and a total of 45 pairs of TCMs extracts were examined. Eleven synergistic anthelmintic pairs were identified, and 7 of which contained rhizome of peltate yam (RPY). Furthermore, the synergy assessment of anthelmintic compounds from the TCMs demonstrated that gracillin (GR)—the main active compound of RPY—has the highest synergy rate (71.4%). The results suggested that RPY can be referred as a promiscuous synergizer which non-specifically increases the effects of many other TCMs. The discovery of promiscuous synergizer can accelerate the search for synergistic combinations. Besides, this work also provides a feasible means to prioritize combination tests via measuring the background ratio of different interaction types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goldfish is known to be parasitized by at least seven species of Dactylogyrus and considered as one of the most common hosts. Dactylogyrus vastator and Dactylogyrus intermedius are the dominant species living on the gills of goldfish. However, little information on morphometric characterization is available, which easily causes misidentification. The purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive morphometric and molecular characterization of D. vastator and D. intermedius collected form a fish farm in Henan, China. The characterization was presented based on the high-resolution images and standard molecular markers (18S ribosomal DNA subunit and the internal transcribed spacer region), as well as a total of 10 point-to-point morphometrics characters. In addition, a detailed comparison of morphometric and phylogenetic characterization in D. vastator versus D. intermedius was performed. The results demonstrated that all parameters measured differed significantly between these two species of Dactylogyrus, whereas molecular comparison showed subtle differences between them in nucleotide divergence and genetic distances. These findings suggested that these two species of Dactylogyrus can be distinguished more easily based on morphometric measurements than molecular data for 18S ribosomal DNA + internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how Taiwanese laptop contract manufacturers established the foundation of their businesses between the late 1980s and mid-1990s. It casts doubt on the traditional view of a linear progression from manufacturing to design capability in Asia. By examining the three earliest laptop projects in Taiwan, however, this author shows that manufacturing was not necessarily simpler than design and how important these producers' design engineering capabilities were to attracting customers and establishing a solid foundation for their future development. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

MicroRNAs play important roles in the development and progression of various cancers, including tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). miR-29b and miR-195 have been reported to be tumor suppressors in TSCC. Here, we investigated the expression of miR-29b and miR-195 and their relationship in TSCC. Our data showed that miR-29b and miR-195 were significantly downregulated in TSCC compared with their matched nonmalignant tissues in 60 paired samples. The level of miR-29b was positively correlated with that of miR-195 in TSCC and the matched nonmalignant tissues. Moreover, miR-29b overexpression induced the demethylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 via targeting DNMT3B, leading to the upregulation of miR-195 in TSCC cell lines. Following DNMT3B silencing, the expression of miR-195 was increased and the methylation of CpG islands upstream of miR-195 was reduced. Although overexpression of miR-29b alone significantly increased miR-195 expression, co-transfection of miR-29b with DNMT3B resulted in no change in miR-195 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-29b could upregulate miR-195 by directly targeting DNMT3B in TSCC. The interaction between miR-29b and miR-195 might provide new insights in developing novel therapeutic approaches of TSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an important member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family that regulates many cellular processes through epigenetic control of target gene expression. Because of its overexpression in a number of human cancers and its essential role in cell proliferation, transformation, and cell cycle progression, PRMT5 has been recently proposed to function as an oncoprotein in cancer cells. However, how its expression is regulated in cancer cells remains largely unknown. We have previously demonstrated that the transcription of PRMT5 can be negatively regulated by the PKC/c-Fos signaling pathway through modulating the transcription factor NF-Y in prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrated that PRMT5 undergoes polyubiquitination, possibly through multiple lysine residues. We also identified carboxyl terminus of heat shock cognate 70-interacting protein (CHIP), an important chaperone-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase that couples protein folding/refolding to protein degradation, as an interacting protein of PRMT5 via mass spectrometry. Their interaction was further verified by co-immuoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay. In addition, we provided evidence that the CHIP/chaperone system is essential for the negative regulation of PRMT5 expression via K48-linked ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Given that down-regulation of CHIP and overexpression of PRMT5 have been observed in several human cancers, our finding suggests that down-regulation of CHIP may be one of the mechanisms underlying PRMT5 overexpression in these cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first bimolecular oxygenative annulation of enediyne compounds leading to naphthalene frameworks has been developed by using Pd(OAc)2 as the catalyst in the presence of NaI under O2 (1 atm). This reaction provided efficient access to a class of symmetric core-annulated naphthalenes by the homoannulation of enediyne–imides. Intriguingly, the crossover annulation of enediyne–imides and other functionalized enediynes could also be achieved by the same catalytic system, resulting in the formation of several unsymmetrical naphthalene derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic investigation using 18O isotopic labelling and radical scavengers indicated that radical oxygen incorporation cascades might be involved in this conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glucose metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Cancer cells rapidly adjust their energy source from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolytic metabolism in order to efficiently proliferate in a hypoxic environment, but the mechanism underlying this switch is still incompletely understood. Here, we report that hypoxia potently induces the RNA-binding protein HuR to specifically bind primary miR-199a transcript to block miR-199a maturation in hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) cells. We demonstrate that this hypoxia-suppressed miR-199a plays a decisive role in limiting glycolysis in HCC cells by targeting hexokinase-2 ( Hk2) and pyruvate kinase-M2 ( Pkm2). Furthermore, systemically delivered cholesterol-modified agomiR-199a inhibits [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and attenuates tumor growth in HCC tumor-bearing mice. These data reveal a novel mechanism of reprogramming of cancer energy metabolism in which HuR suppresses miR-199a maturation to link hypoxia to the Warburg effect and suggest a promising therapeutic strategy that targets miR-199a to interrupt cancerous aerobic glycolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dactylogyrus formosus Kulwiec, 1927 (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), widely distributed across Eurasia, is considered as one of the most frequently encountered ectoparasites of goldfish ( Carassius auratus). In the present study, D. formosus on gills of cultured goldfish was reported in central China for the first time, using the methods of morphological characters and molecular markers. It was characterized by 'Anchoratoid-Wegeneri' type anchor with elongate inner and unobvious outer root. The morphology of the opisthaptoral hard parts of D. formosus superficially resembles species of D. arcuatus Yamaguti, 1942 parasitized crucian carp, using light and scanning electron microscopy. However, the anchor total length of D. arcuatus (range 90-102) is almost double the size of D. formosus (range 43.7-57.1) which allows for their rapid discrimination from each other; on the other hand, the two species also can be easily separated by the shape of the male copulatory organ. The morphological description of D. formosus is supplemented with phylogenetic analysis of a reference DNA sequence spanning 18S rDNA and ITS1. What is more, this study also redescribes comprehensively D. formosus, providing for the first time a full ten point-to-point morphometric measurements of the hard parts, and importantly, a photographic record of the armature of the haptor and the male copulatory organ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a label-free molecular beacon (MB)-like biosensor is designed for the determination of H2O2 and glucose based on the fluorescence regulation of Hoechst dyes hosted by the designed AT-rich single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), in which Hg2+ and cysteine (Cys) act as activators. The designed AT-rich ssDNA (ATprobe) can be directed to form a hairpin with an Hg2+-induced T–Hg2+–T complex, which provides a medium for enhancing the fluorescence of Hoechst dyes significantly. On the other hand, Cys can effectively grab Hg2+ from the T–Hg2+–T complex by thiol–Hg2+ interactions, destructing the hairpin and then switching the Hoechst dyes to the fluorescence “off” state. Combined with these properties, we have demonstrated its application for label-free fluorescence “turn on” detection of H2O2. The sensing mechanism is based on the specific reaction between H2O2 and Cys catalyzed by I−, the resulting disulfide reverses the Cys-mediated fluorescence decrease of the MB-hosted Hoechst dyes. The approach achieves a low detection limit of 0.1 μM for H2O2. Moreover, this method is further applied to the noninvasive detection of glucose in artificial saliva and urine samples, combining with glucose oxidase (GOx) for the oxidation of glucose and formation of H2O2. Compared to traditional methods, the proposed design is cost-effective, simple to prepare and manipulate without fluorescence labeling or chemical modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]