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With the continuous development of science and technology, the role of rare and precious metal resources in medical treatment, economy and strategy has become increasingly prominent. This paper reviewed the application research of rare precious metal rubidium (Rb) in the field of medicine and health, mainly including the application significance of Rb in the field of medical and health, typical applications and problems in the field of medicine and health, and the important research significance of the research and development of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various drug transporters are widely expressed throughout the intestine and play important roles in absorbing nutrients and drugs, thus providing high quality targets for the design of prodrugs or nanoparticles to facilitate oral drug delivery. In particular, intestinal carnitine/organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) and mono-carboxylate transporter protein 1 (MCT1) possess high transport capacities and complementary distributions. Therefore, we outline recent developments in transporter-targeted oral drug delivery with regard to the OCTN2 and MCT1 proteins in this review. First, basic information of the two transporters is reviewed, including their topological structures, characteristics and functions, expression and key features of their substrates. Furthermore, progress in transporter-targeting prodrugs and nanoparticles to increase oral drug delivery is discussed, including improvements in the oral absorption of anti-inflammatory drugs, antiepileptic drugs and anticancer drugs. Finally, the potential of a dual transporter-targeting strategy is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the advances in study on triterpenoids in Trichosanthes, Hemsleya, Gynostemma, Actinostemma and Siraitia Merr. plants were reviewed. Terpenoids are the main secondary metabolites of Cucurbitaceae and have obvious pharmacological activity. It is noteworthy that in these plants, there are a variety of triterpenoids, which are diverse in structure. Triterpenoid saponins have greater potential for development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of pratia extract on H22 tumor-bearing mice and the effects on immune organs. [Methods] With the application of H22 liver tumor-hearing mice as an animal model, the animals were divided into such three Pratia extract groups as the high, medium and low dose groups (400, 200 and 100 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide CTX group (20 mg/kg). 15 d after the administration, the animals were killed by cervical dislocation, and the tumors, thymuses and spleens were taken and weighed, followed by the calculation of the tumor inhibitory rale and the thymus and spleen index, and the serum tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (1L-2) levels were determined by KUSA assay. [Results] The inhibitory rates were 54.1, 32.6 and 8.2%, respectively, and there were sijmificant differences from the model group (p<0.05) ; and the spleen index of the tumor-bearing mice was reduced, while the thymus index was improved. The serological results showed tlial the drug-administrated groups significantly improved the 1L-2 levels in the tumor-bearing mice, but had no effects on TNF-a. [Conclusions] Pratia extract lias an antitumor effect on H22 tumor-bearing mice, and show certain dose-ellecl relationship, and its mechanism may be related lo enhancing the immune function in tumor-bearing mice by regulating 1L-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This study was conducted to further reveal the chemical basis of the anti-tumor pharmacological activity of pratia. [Methods]The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of pratia was systematically studied by macroporous resin column chromatography,silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 repeated silica gel column chromatography and spectroscopy. [Results] Eight compounds were separated from the ethyl acetate extract of pratia,among which six were identified,namely diosmin(1),diosmetin(2),linarin(3),quercetin(4),apigenin(5) and luteolin(6). All the compounds were separated from this plant for the first time. [Conclusions] This study provides reference for the identification of the physiological activity of pratia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This Study was conducted lO observe ihe protective effect of Pratia extract on acute liver injury in mice. Methods] Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to lxxly weight, 10 in each group: normal control group, elhanol-induced/CCl., liver injury model, low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose Pratia extract groups, and hifendatatum group. Except the blank group, other groups were given 50% eihauol intragaslrically at a dose of 12 ml/kg to cause acute alcoholic liver injury, or inlraperitoneally injected with 10% CC14 soybean oil solution to cause acute CC14 liver injury. The serum ALT and AST activity were measured as well as liver SOD and MUA concentrations. [Results] Pratia exlracl effectively reduced serum ALT and AST, decreased MDA content and increased liver tissue SOD activity. [Conclusions] Pratia extract has certain protective effect on acute liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This study was conducted to establish a method for determination of chlorogenic acid in Mussaenda pubescens Ait. f. [Methods] HPFC used SHISEIDO C18 MG II column (5 μm, 4.6 mml. D. x 250 mm) as chromatographic column and acetonitrile -0.4% phosphoric acid solution (9:91) as mobile phase. The separation was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a column temperature of 30°C, and the detection wavelength was set at 327 nm. [ Results ] Chlorogenic acid had a good linear relation in the range of 0. 254 7 - 2. 547 5 μg ( R² - 0. 999 9). The recovery rate was 97. 8%, RSD = 1. 82% ( n =9). % Conclusions] The content of chlorogenic acid in M. pubescens was determined by ultrasonic extraction and HPFC. The method was simple, stable and reliable and could be used for the quality control of M. pubescens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Genistein is a multifunctional natural compound. Objective: In this study, we demonstrate the activity of genistein on non-small lung cancer A549 and 95D cells. Materials and methods: A CCK8 assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of genistein (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 lM) on A549 and 95D cells for 48 h. AnnexinV-FITC/PI and TUNEL assay were performed to examine the apoptotic cell death induced by genistein (0, 50, 100 and 150 lM, 48 h). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial activity in A549 and 95D cells, treated with 0, 50, 100 and 150 lM genistein for 48 h was detected by MitoTracker Orange staining. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins. Meanwhile, the expression level of FOXO3a/PUMA signalling was measured by flow cytometry and Western blot assay. Results: IC50 value of genistein against 95D cells and A549 cells was 32.96 ± 2.91 and 110.6 ± 2.41 lM, respectively. The percentage of apoptotic death cells was 20.03%, 29.26% and 27.14% in 95D cells, and 41.62%, 55.24% and 43.45% in A549 cells when treated with 50, 100 and 150 lM genistein, respectively. Our observations also revealed that genistein could elevate intracellular ROS generation, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, decrease mitochondrial activity (MitoTracker Orange staining), and upregulate the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins. Further examinations revealed that the expression level of FOXO3a and PUMA in NSCLC was significantly increased by genistein. Discussion and conclusions: Our data may provide basic information for further development of genistein as a promising lead compound targeting NSCLC by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To keep the resources renewable, a singular ecological-economic model is proposed for the populations with harvesting and migration. The local stability and the dynamic behavior of the model are studied. Singular induced bifurcation appears when economic interest is zero, which is different from the ordinary differential models. In order to apply variable structure control to eliminate these complex behaviors, the singular model is transformed into a single-input and single-output model with parameter varying within definite intervals. And then, a variable structure controller is designed to make the model stable. Finally, an inshore-offshore fishery model is given to illustrate the proposed method, and some numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the control results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To identify and analyze chemicai component. in Zhideke Granules by ultra performance liquii chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mast spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). #Mettods] Zhideke Granule wero isolated on a Thermo Hypersil Gold C18 column (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.9 |im). The mobile phase was 0.1 % formic acid acetonitrile and 0.1 % formic acid aqueous solution (containing 10 mmol ammonium acetate) with gradient elution. Chemical components in Zhineke Granules were rapidly isolated and identiXed by HRMS in the positive and neeative ion mode with full scan data-dependent two stage threshold-triggered mcs modes (Full MS/dd-MS2). # Results] The secondait fragment ion information of the taraet compound wot selected and compared wit the compound reported in the databasee and related literatures for furWer confirmation. In wwi, 30 chemical compounde were identified, including 12 flavonoids and glycosidee, 9 oraanic acide, 3 nitrogen-containing compounde, and 6 other componente. # Conclusions] In Ohn study, the UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS was used for the first time to analyze the chemical components in Zhideke Granules. It Is intended to provide a referencc foe thequaeityeeaeuation and fuatheaetudyofphaamacodynamicmateaiaeeofZhidekeGaanueee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid social development, people's living habits have undergone great changes. Fast-paced lifestyles have led to an increase in people's unhealthy living habits, especially in diet, such as unreasonable dietary structure and irregular diet. In this situation, the number of patients with hyperuricemia has also been increasing, and the hyperuricemia trend is becoming younger. Clinically, western medicines for lowering uric acid are commonly used, which are not safe and have the risk of injuring the liver and kidney functions. Cichorium intybus L. as a medicinal and edible material, plays an important role in treating the hyperuricemia. Recent studies have shown that C. intybus has significant effect of lowering the uric acid. This paper reviewed the experimental studies of C. intybus inhibiting uric acid production and promoting uric acid excretion, discussed its therapeutic effects and action mechanism, to provide a reference for the development of C. intybus drugs for lowering the uric acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This paper aims to study the function of the ARF7 gene family of Huperzia serrata. [Methods] Based on the full-length transcriptome sequencing results of H serrata, the unigenes of 17 H serrata ARF candidate genes were analyzed using biogenetics technology. [Results] The molecular weight of the ARF7 proteins ranges from 11.28 to 608.54 kDa. HsARF7-4, HsARF7-5, HsARF7-8, HsARF7-9, HsARF7-10, HsARF7-13, HsARF7-16 and HsARF7-17 are basic proteins; all the proteins are unstable; except that HsARF7-6 and HsARF7-15 are hydrophilic, the rest are lipophilic proteins; there are 197 types of cis-acting elements, and 17 of the proteins contain as more as 20 acting elements such as GTGANTG10, CBFHV, GT1CONSENSUS, NODCON2GM, CAATBOX1, MYBCORE, GATABOX, WRKY710S and RAV1AAT; HsARF7-1, HsARF7-2, HsARF7-4, HsARF7-6, HsARF7-8, HsARF7-10, HsARF7-12, HsARF7-14 and HsARF7-16 all have the 6 types of motif predicted; the proteins have domains such as PABP-1234 super family, RRM_SF super family, PRK10263 super family, AUX_IAA super family and MFS super family; the proteins all can cross cell membrane and have no signal peptide, and they are all located in the nucleus. On the level of secondary structure, the proportion of β-sheet is the smallest. In HsARF7-7 and HsARF7-9, α-helix has the largest proportion, and in the remaining proteins, random coil has the largest proportion; and tertiary structure prediction found that HsARF7-1, HsARF7-2, HsARF7-4, HsARF7-14 and HsARF7-17 have a tertiary structure of polyadenylate-binding protein, and HsARF7-7 has a tertiary structure of auxin-induced protein iaa4. [Conclusions] The above analysis results can provide a certain theoretical basis for further research on the biological function and regulatory mechanism of the ARF gene of H serrata in the future, and provide a reference for the study of the growth and development of H serrata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] The research aimed to study the chemical constituents of ethanol extract from Yao medicine Cissampelopsis spelaeicola. [Methods] The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions from 75% ethanol extract of C. spelaeicola were isolated and purified by silica gel, SephadexLH-20 gel column and AB-8 macroporous resin column, etc. The structures of the compounds were analyzed and identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data（mass spectrometry, hydrogen spectrum and carbon spectrum）. [Results] Twelve compounds were isolated and identified from 75% ethanol extract of C. spelaeicola. β-sitostero（I） and stigmasterol（II） were isolated from petroleum ether fraction; p-hydroxybenzoic acid（III）, β-daucossterol（IV）, protocatechuic acid（V）, 6β-hydroxyeremophi-7（11）-en-12, 8β-olide（VI）, 10β-hydroxyeremophil-7（11）-en-8, 12-olide（VII）, 10β-hydroxyeremophi-7（11）, 8（9）-dien-8, 12-olide（VIII）, quercetin（IX）, hyperin（X） and 4α-hydroxy-eudesman-11-ene（XI） were isolated from ethyl acetate fraction; quercetin-3-O-robinobioside（XII） was isolated from n-butanol fraction. Compounds I-XII were isolated from C. spelaeicola for the first time. [Conclusions] The study can lay material foundation for activity study of C. spelaeicola. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important representative of the modernization of the Chinese medicine industry, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound preparations are an indispensable part of the development of TCM. The complex ingredients and unclear action mechanism of TCM compound preparations restrict the development of TCM. In line with this problem, the modern TCM research has made extensive remarkable achievements. From the single indicator in the past to multiple indicator, the research on the combination of TCM fingerprints and pharmacodynamics also has made great progress. The introduction of quality evaluation methods such as the "quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker", "dose-effect" indicator, "Bioactive Equivalent Combinatorial Components" (BECCs) and TCM quality markers have brought new ideas for quality control of TCM compound preparations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.Aim: To investigate the mechanisms of paclitaxel resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and find promising molecular target for HCC therapy.Materials and Methods: To investigate the effects of FHL1 on chemo resistance in HCC cells, we generated FHL1 knock-down stable cell lines with HepG2 and SMMC7721 cells. Cell viability assay, colony formation and xenograft experiments assay were performed to detect effect of FHL1 on Paclitaxel or Oxaliplatin resistance in vitro and in vivo. Caspase activity assay was performed to explore the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in paclitaxel treated FHL1-knockdown HepG2 cells.Result: In the present study we have investigated that four-and-a-half LIM protein 1 (FHL1), which plays an important role in the development of cancer, is associated with both the chemo resistance of hepatocellular carcinomas cells in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of FHL1 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of paclitaxel, but had no effects on sensitivity of oxaliplatin. Moreover, knockdown of FHL1 promoted the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, which were induced by paclitaxel. Interestingly, FHL1 negatively regulates the chemo resistance of HCC in xenografted nude mice.Conclusion: FHL1 promote paclitaxel resistance in hepatocellular carcinomas cells through regulating apoptosis induced by paclitaxel, suggesting that FHL1 may be a promising molecular target for HCC therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anultrasound-assisted advanced oxidation process (AOP) has beendemonstrated for sonocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) withFe3O4/polyaniline (Fe3O4/PANI) microspheres in near neutral solution (pH ∼6). TheFe3O4/PANI microspheres were characterized withXRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, and ζ-potential measurements, andwere further tested in the role of adsorption and sonocatalytic decolorizationof MO in solution. The isotherms and kinetics of MO adsorption withFe3O4/PANI follow the Langmuir model and thepseudo-second-order model, respectively. The kinetics of sonocatalyticdecolorization of MO with Fe3O4/PANI conformsto a combinational model involving the pseudo-second-order adsorptionmodel and the pseudo-first-order degradation model, since Fe3O4/PANI has a high capacity to adsorb MO in solution.The percentage of room-temperature sonocatalytic degradation of MOwith Fe3O4/PANI is about 4.8, 8.8, and 5.7 timesthat with Fe3O4, dedoped Fe3O4/PANI, and ultrasonication alone, respectively. The eco-friendlyFe3O4/PANI featured with superparamagnetismand excellent reusability offers a promising sonocatalyst for rapiddecolorization and enhanced degradation of azo dyes in effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]