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Nanofiltration membrane technology for antibiotic desalination in fermentation broth represents a low-energy and high-purity approach. However, it is constrained by the low perm-selectivity and susceptibility to membrane fouling. Here, we develop a novel zwitterionic nanofiltration membrane by incorporating an N-Oxide directly connected zwitterion N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)methylamine N-oxide (DNMAO) into the nascent polyamide layer via interfacial polymerization. The N-Oxide derived zwitterion created a looser crosslinking network in addition to the trimesoyl chloride-piperazine (TMC-PIP) network, which was supported by Stokes radius related with molecular weight cut-off measurement, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Ar adsorption isotherms. Moreover, the directly connected groups (N+-O-) without spacers endow excellent hydration ability and mitigate membrane fouling. The optimized membrane exhibits a water flux of 114.9 L m−2 h−1 and exceptional anti-fouling performance with a flux recovery ratio as high as about 96.4 %. Furthermore, the salt/antibiotic separation factor maintained at 41.1 when continuously filtrating NaCl/erythromycin (ERY) mixed solution for 7 h, which showed a great potential in antibiotic purification. [Display omitted] • N-Oxide connected zwitterionic DNMAO for surface modification of the TFC membrane. • The membrane shows high water permeance and antibiotics/salt selectivity. • The membrane improves both antifouling and antibacterial properties. • The membrane achieves robust permeance/selectivity under continuous operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective separation property enhancement is quite important for membranes separations, especially for high mass ratio Mg2+/Li+ separations. Low selectivity and unclear separation mechanism are the challenges for current membranes. In this study, we designed 4-aminophenyl-15-crown-5 incorporated polyamide nanofiltration membranes through interfacial polymerization for Li+ enrichment. The electrochemical tests and energy barrier calculations using transition state theory confirmed that the crown ether in nanofiltration membrane is responsible for governing Mg2+ transportation, resulting in a substantial energy barrier impeding its transport. Furthermore, a two-stage nanofiltration process was employed to enhance Li+ enrichment in simulated brine and achieved 35-fold increase in Li+ enrichment using as-fabricated membranes. These results demonstrate the substantial potential for Li + extraction from brine with a high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio using the crown ether incorporated membrane. Meanwhile, the proposed strategy incorporating transport barriers presents a novel approach for designing ion-selective channels within membranes. [Display omitted] • A novel crown ether nanofiltration polyamide membrane was fabricated by interfacial polymerization (IP) process. • PEI@4A-B15C5 membrane has a great hindrance to Mg2+ transport. • Efficient enrichment of Li+ from a simulated brine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Island-type petrochemical parks have gradually become the 'trend' in establishing new parks because of the security advantages brought by their unique geographical locations. However, due to the frequent occurrence of natural disasters and difficulties in rescue in island-type parks, an early warning model is urgently needed to provide a basis for risk management. Previous research on early warning models of island-type parks seldom considered the particularity. In this study, the early warning indicator system is used as the input parameter to construct the early warning model of an island-type petrochemical park based on the back propagation (BP) neural network, and an actual island-type petrochemical park was used as a case to illustrate the model. Firstly, the safety influencing factors were screened by designing questionnaires and then an early warning indicator system was established. Secondly, particle swarm optimization (PSO) was introduced into the improved BP neural network to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the neural network. A total of 30 groups of petrochemical park data were taken as samples—26 groups as training samples and 4 groups as test samples. Moreover, the safety status of the petrochemical park was set as the output parameter of the neural network. The comparative analysis shows that the optimized neural network is far superior to the unoptimized neural network in evaluation indicators. Finally, the Zhejiang Petrochemical Co., Ltd., park was used as a case to verify the accuracy of the proposed early warning model. Ultimately, the final output result was 0.8324, which indicates that the safety status of the case park was "safer". The results show that the BP neural network introduced with PSO can effectively realize early warning, which is an effective model to realize the safety early warning of island-type petrochemical parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2 9 Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can measure the molecular structure of silicate in oilfield reinjection water. However, noise in 2 9 Si NMR spectra (NMRS) affects the determination of silicate molecular structure type. To solve this problem, a new peak fitting method (Two-step Greedy-Singular Spectrum Analysis-Gaussian Fitting Method, TSG-SSA-GFM) is proposed in this paper. This method first uses TSG to determine the embedding dimension, then uses SSA to determine the characteristic peak position. Finally, GFM is used to calculate the molar ratio of characteristic peaks. The results show that TSG can quickly determine the embedding dimension and reduce computation by at least 50% vs. the global ergodic method. The mean deviation of characteristic peak positions determined by SSA is 0.07 ppm, while Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) cannot determine characteristic peaks of 2 9 Si NMRS containing overlapping peak. The average R -squared of Gaussian fitting of 2 9 Si NMRS is 98.4% while Lorentzian is 90.6%. Therefore, this study provides an important method for quantitative analysis of 2 9 Si NMRS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The unitary and binary pore CTF membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization. • Ultrafast molecular-level perm-selectivity was finely tuned by the structural pore size. • The OSN membrane fouling could be alleviated via photocatalysis. • The membrane achieves multiple-cycle "operation-fouling-in situ cleaning-operation" stability for OSN process. Covalent organic frameworks (COF) membranes are considered as promising candidates for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) due to their well-defined porosity, high perm-selectivity, and exceptional resistance to solvents. However, irreversible membrane fouling caused by filter cake layers or pore clogging challenges the robust separation over long-term operation especially for well-known COF membranes. Here, we present novel ultrafast covalent triazine frameworks (CTF) membranes with retrievable separation performances for OSN processes. CTF-1 membrane with unitary nanopore and CTF-m membrane with binary nanopore are fabricated via an air-organic solvent interfacial polymerization technique for comparison, which demonstrates molecular-level selectivity (MWCO, ∼320 Da for CTF-1 and ∼ 625 Da for CTF-m) and ultrafast permeability for polar organic solvents. Moreover, the heterogeneous skeleton nanopores structure of CTF-m membranes facilitates efficient separation of photogenerated carriers, thus resulting in retrievable permselectivity. This work offers an efficient strategy via Donor-Acceptor structure modulation to tackle OSN membrane fouling, paving the way for applications of framework membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The removal of urea poses a significant challenge in reclaiming waste dialysate, especially for portable dialysis. Here, we developed a novel Cu (II)-phenolic complex incorporated hemodialysis membrane through an adsorption-diffusion mechanism for efficient urea removal. The synergistic effect between the hemodialysis membrane and the adsorbent composed of tannic acid (TA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and Fe (II)/Cu (II) bimetal ions exhibited enhanced coordination towards amine groups present in urea, resulting in rapid adsorption kinetics and high adsorption capacity via chemical interactions. Additionally, uniformly distributed Cu (II) sites on the membrane surface promoted the hemocompatibility by converting S-nitrosothiol to nitric oxide (NO), thereby inhibiting platelet activation. In simulated hemodialysis experiments, our adsorptive-diffusive membrane demonstrated high removal efficiency (∼90 %) for urea using 1 L dialysate compared to ∼10 % of pristine membrane. The incorporation of Cu (II)-phenolic complex into the hemodialysis membrane presents a novel approach for enhancing urea removal, thereby reducing dialysate consumption and simultaneously improving the hemocompatibility of the membrane. [Display omitted] • We develop an adsorptive-diffusive membrane by combining urea adsorbent. • Cu(II) sites combine with urea towards amine groups through chemical interaction. • The Cu(II) catalyzes RSNOs in plasma to release NO for inhibiting platelet activation. • The modified hemodialysis membrane accounts for ∼89 % of urea removal via adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes have garnered significant attention for high throughput and precise molecular/ionic sieving. However, the delamination of lamellar nanosheet structure challenges the continuous separation under the intense fluid shear in real hydraulic pressure and cross-flow operation. Here we present a highly durable nickel-derived metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) lamellar membrane stabilized by a polymer network of gallic acid (GA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) for efficient ions/molecules separation. The crosslinked network construction reinforced the nanosheets interaction and contributed to the interlayer structure integrity, thus maintaining the Ni-MOF membrane a stable water permeance and nano/sub-nanometer selectivity (permeance >80 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, S dye/NaCl >100) for 170 h under cross-flow, superior to most lamellar membranes under dead-end filtration. Moreover, the Ni-MOF membrane could withstand multiple bending and violent ultrasonic treatment (190 W). The lamellar crosslinking reinforced strategy is applicable to other lamellar MOF membranes, which offers a forward-looking strategy to tackle 2D membrane stability and facilitate practical applications for robust separation. [Display omitted] • Lamellar crosslinking reinforces 2D MOF membranes. • The membrane shows high molecules/ions sieving properties. • The membrane is stable against shearing, bending and ultrasonication. • The membrane achieves robust permeance/selectivity for 170h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have garnered extensive attention as potential alternatives to traditional liquid electrolytes, primarily due to their prowess in curbing lithium dendrite formation and preventing electrolyte leaks. The quest for SPEs that are both mechanically robust and exhibit superior ionic conductivity has been vigorous. However, achieving a harmonious balance between these two attributes remains a significant challenge. In this study, we introduce a novel quasi‐solid electrolyte, ingeniously crafted from a poly(urethane‐urea) network, enriched with lithium salts and plasticizers. This innovative composition not only boasts remarkable toughness but also ensures commendable ionic conductivity. Our post‐gelation method yields gel polymer electrolytes that undergo rigorous evaluation, leading to an optimized version that stands out with its exceptional room‐temperature ionic conductivity (2.94×10−4 S cm−1) and outstanding toughness (11.9 MJ m−3). Moreover, it demonstrates a broad electrochemical window (4.73 V), remarkable stability across a 600‐hour cycle test, a high capacity retention exceeding 80 % after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, and a noteworthy self‐healing capability. This quasi‐solid polymer electrolyte emerges as a promising contender to replace current liquid electrolyte solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are recently thought to critically influence overall organ dysfunction, morbidity, and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, traditional hemodialysis and/or hemoperfusion processes fail to remove PBUTs efficiently due to their strong affinity with albumins. Herein, we fabricated a novel adsorptive membrane incorporating amine/polyphenol/bimetal ions complexation in the polysulfone membrane substrate, which has a higher affinity with hippuric acid, p -cresol sulfate, and indoxyl sulfonate. The complexation is a synergy of polyelectrolyte (polyethyleneimine-tannic acid) and metal-phenolic (tannic acid/metals) networks. The adsorption behavior of those three uremic toxins on the optimized adsorptive membrane was investigated by kinetic and adsorption isotherm studies. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis assisted by Fourier transform infrared reflection spectrum, we attribute the high adsorption capacity to π-π and/or cation-π interaction with aromatic ring groups of uremic toxins. The adsorptive membrane could effectively remove albumin bounded uremic toxins and water-soluble urea through a continuous dialysis process. Besides, the membrane showed excellent hemocompatibility and minimized immune responses by suppressing complement activation. The above results showed the potential clinical application of adsorptive membranes. [Display omitted] • We develop an adsorptive membrane for removing protein-bound uremic toxins. • The adsorbent in membrane is composed of tannic acid and bimetals. • Cation-π and π-π interactions dominate the adsorption process. • The adsorptive membrane could eliminate uremic toxins through dialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fouling is the pending issue of conspicuous two-dimensional membranes for complex wastewater treantment. Here, we first report a hybrid-dimensional cosubstantial [0D+2D] covalent triazine framework (CTF) membrane to sort out the membrane fouling via solar-cleaning strategy. The intersertal 0D CTF-0 in lamellar membrane as "pillar" offers interspacing pathways for selective separation of sub/micrometer oily emulsions and nanometer dyes. It also acts as cosubstantial "joint" to improve electron/hole separation efficiency under sunlight irradiation, which activated peroxymonosulfate to achieve effective membrane solar-cleaning via free and non-free radical way. Both the surfactant adsorbed on the membrane and the oil and dye molecules trapped on the membrane surface by the pore sieving could all be efficiently removed via the photocatalytic degredation. The interfacial solar-thermal effect also contributed to the removal of volatile oils. This featured photocatalytic membrane prepared via hybrid-dimensional and cosubstantial CTF nanomaterials offers a promising way for sustainable fouling alleviation. [Display omitted] • The cosubstantial [0D+2D] CTFs membrane was prepared for the first time. • The hybrid dimensional membrane shows good separation for multiscale emulsions. • The membrane fouling could be alleviated via photothermal and photocatalysis. • The membrane achieves long term stability for emulsions separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the synthesis, characterization, and self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic polyethylene- block -poly( l -glutamate) (PE- b -PGA) diblock copolymers. PE- b -PGA diblock copolymers were obtained by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-benzyl- l -glutamate- N -carboxyanhydride (BLG-NCA) using PE–COOCH( i Pr)NH 2 as a macroinitiator and subsequent deprotection of the benzylester groups. The self-assembly behaviors of the PE- b -PGA copolymers in water were studied as a function of pH and ionic strength by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, laser light scattering, UV-circular dichroism, and transmission electron microscopy. The size of the polymeric micelles decreases with a decreasing pH value even at high salt concentrations because the solvating PGA units can perform a coil-to-helix transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • We for the first time synthesize crystalline CTF-1 nanoribbons (CTF-1-NR). • The width of 1D nanoribbons can be facilely tuned by varying the solvent volume. • The CTF-1-NR are intercalated with Graphene Oxide (GO) membranes to enlarge water transport. • CTF-1-NR enhance photocatalytic ability compared to 2D nanosheets counterparts. • CTF-1-NR/GO membrane allows for recoverable permeability by solar illumination. Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are drawing substantial interest as porous crystalline two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) nanomaterials. Fabrication of CTFs nanoribbon is challenging but appealing to separation and photocatalysis. Here we for the first time report the synthesis of crystalline CTF-1 nanoribbons (CTF-1-NR) comprising 2–3 covalent triazine framework units in width through a polar solvent-induced fragmentation strategy. The width of 1D nanoribbons can be facilely tuned by varying the solvent (e.g. ethanol) volume in trifluoromethanesulfonic acid layer after trimerization of aromatic nitriles. The CTF-1-NR are intercalated with Graphene oxide (GO) membranes to extend 1H NMR transverse relaxation time (T 2) and enlarge the confined interspacing (∼8.8 Å), providing ultrafast water transport (∼60 L m-2h−1 bar−1) and high dye molecules rejection (98%). More significantly, the bridging CTF-1-NR enhances charge-carrier separation and gains superior solar-cleaning recoverable permeability (∼7 folds higher than GO). This study provides novel insight into the synthesis of crystalline COF nanoribbons and membrane separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dialysis membranes capable of preventing coagulation and inflammation and achieving high toxin clearances are highly desired for clinical hemodialysis. Here, we constructed an electro-neutral and hydrophilic surface on Polysulfone (PSf) membrane, which both improved the hemocompatibility and toxin clearance. The membrane surface was modified with trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) through Michael addition reaction and subsequent crosslinking with glycidyl ether oxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH560). Saltwater fish inspired zwitterionic monomer TMAO without spacers between positive and negative headgroups is thought to generate a hydrated and net-charged layer that prevents non-specific plasma proteins and platelets adsorption and activation. Coagulation time, serine protease Factor XIIa, bradykinin (BK), kallikrein (KLK) and anaphylatoxins (C3, C5 and SC5b-9) were examined to explore blood compatibility. All results showed that the highly hydrated and electro-neutral surface could efficiently alleviate the activation of the coagulation cascade, kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) and complement system simultaneously. Furthermore, the modified PSf membrane is favorable to toxins clearance (e.g., urea, creatine, lysozyme and vitamin B12) during simulated dialysis process. It is manifested that the TMAO based surface modification is feasible for improving the hemocompatibility and toxin clearance of dialysis membranes. [Display omitted] • Anti-coagulation/inflammation membranes were firstly prepared using zwitterion. • The TMAO modified surface provided electro-neutrality and superior hydrophilicity. • The membrane suppressed the activation of coagulation cascade, complement system and KKS. • The modified membrane exhibits anti-protein and antibacterial adhesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photo-assisted catalysis is proposed to be an effective approach to deal with the membrane fouling issue, which restricts the broad application of burgeoning 2D covalent organic frameworks (COF) membranes in sustainable separation process. In this work, a new type of [0D + 2D] composite membrane was developed via covalent triazine frameworks (CTF-1) nanosheets with built-in CdS quantum dots (QDs). The regular skeleton of 2D-CTF-1 facilitated the uniform growth of CdS QDs (3 nm) on the planar nanosheets. CdS/CTF-1 composite membrane exhibits high water flux (>170 L m−2 h−1, 0.1 MPa) and high dyes rejection (>94%) via manipulating transportation channels. More importantly, the built-in [0D + 2D]-heterojunction significantly improves the photocatalytic in - situ cleaning and disinfection performance of CdS/CTF-1 membrane, allowing for regenerating permeability (>95%) with the assist of H 2 O 2 during multiple operations. Thus, we provide a prospective strategy to resolve the membrane fouling issues and enable the practical application of 2D membranes for continuous separation. Photocatalytic in - situ cleaning CdS/CTF-1 composite membrane achieves efficient and continuous separation. [Display omitted] • We literally resolve the fouling issue of 2D COF membranes for sustainable separation. • A novel [0D + 2D] membrane was developed by embedding CdS QDs in CTF-1 nanosheets. • CdS/CTF-1 membrane shows improved permeability due to additional channels. • CdS QDs enhance the photocatalytic in - situ cleaning and disinfection performance. • CdS/CTF-1 membrane regenerates its permeability >95% via sunlight illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photo-assisted catalysis is proposed to be an effective approach to deal with the membrane fouling issue, which restricts the broad application of burgeoning 2D covalent organic frameworks (COF) membranes in sustainable separation process. In this work, a new type of [0D + 2D] composite membrane was developed via covalent triazine frameworks (CTF-1) nanosheets with built-in CdS quantum dots (QDs). The regular skeleton of 2D-CTF-1 facilitated the uniform growth of CdS QDs (3 nm) on the planar nanosheets. CdS/CTF-1 composite membrane exhibits high water flux (>170 L m−2 h−1, 0.1 MPa) and high dyes rejection (>94%) via manipulating transportation channels. More importantly, the built-in [0D + 2D]-heterojunction significantly improves the photocatalytic in - situ cleaning and disinfection performance of CdS/CTF-1 membrane, allowing for regenerating permeability (>95%) with the assist of H 2 O 2 during multiple operations. Thus, we provide a prospective strategy to resolve the membrane fouling issues and enable the practical application of 2D membranes for continuous separation. Photocatalytic in - situ cleaning CdS/CTF-1 composite membrane achieves efficient and continuous separation. [Display omitted] • We literally resolve the fouling issue of 2D COF membranes for sustainable separation. • A novel [0D + 2D] membrane was developed by embedding CdS QDs in CTF-1 nanosheets. • CdS/CTF-1 membrane shows improved permeability due to additional channels. • CdS QDs enhance the photocatalytic in - situ cleaning and disinfection performance. • CdS/CTF-1 membrane regenerates its permeability >95% via sunlight illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lamellar membranes are attracting extensive attention for high throughput and precise molecules/ions sieve separation. However, the energy-consuming exfoliation and low yield of single-layer nanosheets restrict the massive production of membranes. Herein, we facilely fabricated 2D Ni-mediated metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) membranes directly from multiply stacked nanosheets (MSNs) for both aqueous and organic molecular sieve separation. Multiply layered nanosheets were obtained from a high concentration dispersion via simple ultrasonic treatment. The morphology and chemistry of synthesized Ni-MOF nanosheets were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N 2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The thickness of Ni-MOF membranes could be well regulated by the volume of dispersion. The membrane exhibited high molecular rejection to 8GX (97.29%), EB (96.28%), CR (99.69%), and CBB (93.31%) in water, respectively and a stable perm-selectivity in continuous 24 h filtration. The lamellar membrane showed excellent pressure and pH (2–10) resistance. The membrane achieved rational permeance of various organic solvents mainly depending on viscosity and good rejection to MB (91.37%), BY (92.01%), and EB (96.90%) in isopropanol. Ni-MOF membranes directly prepared by multiply stacked nanosheets (MSNs) and exhibited a stable aqueous/organic molecular sieve separation. [Display omitted] • 2D Ni-mediated metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) membranes were fabricated directly from multiply stacked nanosheets (MSNs). • Ni-MOF membrane exhibited high molecular rejection in water or organic solvent. • Ni-MOF membrane showed excellent pressure and pH (2–10) resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inhibiting thrombosis in extracorporeal dialyzer is predominantly determined by the compatible interface design. It is challenging to develop anticoagulant dialyzers for clinical heparin free dialysis. Herein, we develop an environmentally friendly approach to construct a hydrogel skin composed of poly (sodium alginate-acrylic acid) P (SA-AA) network on polysulfone (PSf) membranes via pre-seeding initiator into membrane matrix and subsequently crosslinking SA and AA in aqueous solution. Physicochemical properties of modified membranes with different SA/AA ratio were characterized by attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) spectrum, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (13 C NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) and contact angle. Antifouling property was demonstrated by proteins adsorption and E. coli adhesion. Hemocompatibility was comprehensively evaluated by hemolysis ratio, anticoagulation activity (APTT and TT), complement activation, platelets activation and contact activation. Anticoagulant dialyzer was fabricated via skin implantation strategy to implement a chronic renal swine dialysis with heparin free administration. Clotting was significantly inhibited during the whole dialysis session, moreover, the dialyzer showed improved toxins clearance, including urea (~185 mL/min), creatine (~153 mL/min), inorganic phosphorous (~120 mL/min) and β 2 -microglobulin (~110 mL/min). The modified membrane bearing abundant carboxylate groups contributes to excellent hydrophilicity and Ca2+ chelation capability, which is considered to be the predominant anti-clotting mechanism via both intrinsic and extrinsic cascades. The anticoagulant PSf dialyzer demonstrates promising clinical application for heparin free dialysis. • We develop an anti-coagulant dialyzer via constructing a hydrogel skin layer. • The membrane was endowed with carboxylic groups while preserving porous structure. • Both hydrophilicity and Ca2+ chelation enhanced hemocompatibility. • The hydrophilic dialyzer exhibited an improved toxin clearance. • The dialyzer realized the heparin free dialysis for a renal failed swine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two dimensional covalent triazine frameworks (2D-CTF) with controlled pore size and stable structure are a new class of 2D building blocks for constructing separation membrane materials. In this work, we synthesize few-layer 2D-CTF-1 nanosheets with high crystallinity and excellent solvent dispersion using a micro-interface method. The as-prepared 2D-CTF-1 membrane via filtration assembly of few-layer 2D-CTF-1 nanosheets exhibits superior permeability due to its ultralow solvent-interface interaction and the abundant in-plane pores, with a water permeance of 141.5 L m−2 h−1 at 1 bar. The skeleton-pores are proved to be the main transfer channels on 2D-CTF-1 membrane, which are stable and nondeformable by external pressure. Size screening based on the cut-off of skeleton-pore (1.39 nm) is also demonstrated, which enables 2D-CTF-1 membrane a huge application potential in precise molecule/ion sieving. Besides, a stable layered structure in aqueous environment renders 2D-CTF-1 membrane with outstanding separation performance in the long-term running, continuously keeping high permeability and selectively. Thus, this work shows a promising application of 2D-CTF-1 as building blocks for 2D membrane construction in the separation field. 2D-CTF-1 membrane with highly ordered skeleton nanopores (intrasheet pathways) as the main transfer channels exhibits robust and precise molecule/ion separation performance. Image 1 • Covalent triazine frameworks membranes were fabricated for precise separation. • The abundant skeleton-pores dominated the mass transfer of 2D-CTF-1 membrane. • Precise molecule sieving was achieved via the skeleton-pores at nano-scale. • 2D-CTF-1 membrane showed stable layered structure and separation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyamide 66 microporous membranes were prepared by cold non-solvent-induced phase separation using polyamide 66-formic acid-propylene carbonate as a ternary membrane-forming system. The formed membranes exhibited a special bicontinuous structure consisting of interglued spherical crystals or interlocked bundles of microcrystalline aggregates. The variation of the microporous structure under the influence of preparation conditions, solvent, aging time, and polymer concentration affects the comprehensive performance of the membranes. For example, the cold-induced operation and the use of different membrane-forming solvents contributed to the crystallization of polyamide 66, resulting in an increased contact angle of polyamide 66 membranes, obtaining a high resistance to contamination of up to 73.5%. Moreover, the formed membranes still have high mechanical strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• miR-10b-5p was differentially expressed in SCI models. • miR-10b-5p mediates neuronal apoptosis and autophagy by regulating UBR7. • UBR7 mediates Wnt1 ubiquitination to regulate Wnt/β-catenin to promote apoptosis. • UBR7 mediates Beclin1 ubiquitination to regulate the autophagy level of neuron cells. • miR-10b-5p effectively improves injury and promotes neuron survival in SCI rats. This study aimed to explore the effects of miR-10b-5p on autophagy and apoptosis in neuronal cells after spinal cord injury (SCI) and the molecular mechanism. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the differentially expressed miRNAs. The expression of related genes and proteins were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU), and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL). Coimmunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction between UBR7 and Wnt1 or Beclin1. Autophagy was detected by the dansylcadaverine (MDC). The Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to evaluate motor function, and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Nissl staining were used to detect spinal cord tissue repair and neuronal changes. The result shows that the expression of miR-10b-5p was downregulated in the SCI models, and transfection of a miR-10b-5p mimic inhibited neuronal cell apoptosis. MiR-10b-5p negatively regulated the expression of UBR7, and the inhibitory effect of the miR-10b-5p mimic on neuronal cell apoptosis was reversed by overexpressing UBR7. In addition, UBR7 can regulate apoptosis by affecting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by promoting Wnt1 ubiquitination. Treatment with the miR-10b-5p mimic effectively improved motor function, inhibited neuronal cell apoptosis, and promoted spinal cord tissue repair in SCI rats. Overall, miR-10b-5p can alleviate SCI by downregulating UBR7 expression, inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ubiquitination to reduce neuronal apoptosis, or inhibiting Beclin 1 ubiquitination to promote autophagy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reversible redox of methylene blue in organic solvents was highly attractive, yet was rarely reported. In this study, we realized the continuous filtration redox of methylene blue (MB) in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) through Fenton-like oxidization by using MnO 2 loaded carbonaceous nanofibrous membrane (cPAN-MnO 2). The carbonaceous nanofibrous membrane (cPAN) was fabricated through electrospun of polyacrylonitrile and subsequent carbonization. The obtained cPAN nanofibrous membrane showed excellent stability in polar DMSO. MnO 2 can be readily coated on cPAN nanofibers through an in situ redox reaction between cPAN and potassium permanganate. The fabricated cPAN-MnO 2 membrane exhibited instantaneous reduction property towards MB in DMSO during a gravity-driven continuous filtration process. Interestingly, MB reduction was initiated by a typical Fenton-like oxidization, where hydroxyl radicals were firstly generated from hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by MnO 2 in DMSO. Then hydroxyl radicals attacked DMSO to further produce methyl radicals, which resulted in the reduction of MB. In addition, MB reduction process in DMSO was reversible. Our study provides a novel strategy for continuous redox of MB in polar organic solvent and might give new ideas for MB applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Carboxylated cellulose-g-poly(l -lactide) copolymers were synthesized. • The amphiphilic copolymers improved the organic solubility of CCNs. • The copolymers were self-assembled into nanoparticles for oleanolic acid delivery. • The nanoparticles improved the drug solubility and prolonged the drug release. • The nanoparticles maintained the cell inhibition and enhanced antitumor efficiency. Abstract Carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNs), as one of nanocellulose are promising hydrophilic biomass materials for drug delivery. In this work, a series of amphiphilic carboxylated cellulose-graft-Poly(L-lactide) (CC-g-PLLA) copolymers were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) method. The copolymers were characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, WXRD and TGA, and their solubility in organic solvents was improved. Then, these amphiphilic copolymers were self-assembled into nanoparticles for delivery of anticancer drug oleanolic acid (OA). The copolymer (DS PLLA 2.03) nanoparticles displayed the smallest size (196.82 ± 9.14 nm) and the highest drug loading efficiency (24.76 ± 0.58%). The nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape, well water solubility of OA (16.9 mg/mL) and a prolonged drug release (120 h). In vitro and In vivo study indicated that the nanoparticles maintained cytotoxicity to 4T1 cells and MCF-7 cells and displayed high antitumor efficiency. The amphiphilic CC-g-PLLA copolymer nanoparticles provide a novel platform for drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • hNFs biocatalyst was prepared by immobilizing modified laccase. • hNFs biocatalyst activity increased to 165% compared to laccase. • hNFs biocatalyst achieved 375% pH stability and 430% temperature stability. • hNFs biocatalyst catalyzed resveratrol to obtain 45% yield of dimer with no byproduct. • hNFs biocatalyst has higher catalytic yields, specificity than chemical catalyst. Abstract In order to face the increasing demand of laccase with high stability and high performance, laccase was chemically modified by acid anhydride, and copper ion (Ⅱ) was coordinated with the hetero atom of the modified laccase to obtain the nanoflower biocatalyst. The effects of different reaction time, laccase concentration and copper sulfate concentration on the formation of nanoflowers were investigated in detail. Compared to free laccase, the enzyme activity, pH stability and thermal stability of nanoflowers increased by 165%, 375% and 430%, respectively. Furthermore, the catalytic properties of our nanoflower biocatalysts were investigated by catalyzing the synthesis of viniferin. The results showed that a higher yield of 45.0% was obtained in shorter period of time than that of the free laccase (21.6%), and the product was single without other by-products. What's more, nanoflower biocatalyst exhibited excellent storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility in cycle operation. We believed that this study provided a feasible and efficient biocatalytic method for conversion of resveratrol to viniferin. These preliminary results indicated that nanoflowers would have great potential for application in biotransformation and biocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The anionic SCOF was synthesized by interfacial Schiff reaction as an interlayer. • SCOF interlayer enhanced the negative charges of PA membranes. • SCOF/PA membrane showed outstanding NaCl/Na 2 SO 4 selectivity and ions sieving. • SCOF/PA membrane exhibited pressure-resistance and operational stability. Ions sieving is significant but challengeable for seawater desalination, industrial water treatment and salts recovery. Traditional nanofiltration (NF) membranes suffer from undesirable ion selectivity and permeance due to uncontrolled aromatic polyamide (PA) nanofilm. Herein, we first reported an anionic covalent organic framework (TpPa-SO 3 Na) with abundant sulfonic acid groups as a mediating interlayer to fabricate PA composite membrane. The uniform and negatively charged TpPa-SO 3 Na spherical nanoparticles were in situ soldering on nylon substrate by liquid–liquid interfacial Schiff reaction. The TpPa-SO 3 Na interlayer assisted in creating a defect-free PA nanofilm through mediating the diffusion–reaction process of amine monomers. According to enhanced Donnan effect, the composite polyamide nanofiltration membrane showed an outstanding salt rejection ratio (Na 2 SO 4 , 99.6%), high single salt selectivity (NaCl/Na 2 SO 4 , 178.5) and mono/divalent anion selectivity (Cl−/SO 4 2−, 312.6), superior to most reported NF membranes. This work shed light on strategies to synthesize emerging covalent organic framework materials and to effectively construct NF composite membranes with excellent solute retention and ions sieving capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic membranes as heterogeneous reactors are appealing for treating persistent pollutants. The spatial confinement based on common traditional lamellar or vertical channels is limited to a tradeoff between permeability and catalytic efficacy. Herein, we demonstrate catalytic membranes with heterogeneous catalytic interface for ultrafast removal of contaminants via non-radical dominated pathway under flow-through filtration. We prepare Co x O y @carbon catalytic nanofibrous membrane (Co x O y @CCNM) by enabling the in - situ growth and pyrolysis of ZIF-67 on the nanofibers, which provides instantaneous, robust and persistent degradation of antibiotic molecules e.g. tetracycline (TC), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) via a flow-through filtration under gravity. The designed catalytic interfaces efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to produce dominant singlet oxygen. The interface catalytic mechanism was comprehensively investigated from interface electron transfer, interface ROS activation, and interface pollutant adsorption. Our work reveals the prominent importance of active interface for rationally designing novel catalytic membranes for environmental remediation. [Display omitted] • Co x O y @carbon catalytic nanofibrous membrane exhibits high permeability • Co x O y @CCNM obtained instantaneous degradation efficiency of antibiotics under flow-through filtration • Singlet oxygen (1O 2) was the major contributor in the oxidation process • Active heterogeneous interface were comprehensively investigated for catalytic membrane [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A huge amount of red mud was produced in the Aluminum industry which is environmentally hazardous and hard to de-alkalize or recycle due to its enormous amount and low value for recycling. To solve the problem of red mud treatment, a facile, scalable, and environmentally friendly quasi-closed-loop approach for red mud recycling was utilized to recycle it as Li-ion battery anode material by a simply alkali-roasted carbon-coating method, which can effectively solve the problem of red mud treatment and recycle it as high-value Li-ion anode material. Alkali-roasted carbon-coating red mud (RA/C) shows remarkable electrochemical performance compared to current works related to red mud recycling and ferrosilicon-based anode materials, the initial reversible charge capacity reaches 1746 mA h g−1 at 0–3 V under 0.1 A g−1. Cycle-driven and pseudocapacitance-boosted enable RA/C to exhibit outstanding rate performance (1106 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 259 cycles compared to 910 mA h g−1 for initial discharge) and cycling performance (2538 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 500 cycles compared to 830 mA h g−1 for initial discharge). This work discussed dual mechanisms of cycle-driven and pseudocapacitance-boosted by dQm/dV plots, GITT (Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique), and pseudocapacitance contribution measurement, revealing that higher cutoff potential induces electrochemical performance changes. The results show that the activation of the silicon oxide phase in 0–3 V promotes capacity increases in long-term cycling and capacitive contribution increases in 0–3 V significantly enhance the high current density discharge ability. Those attributes of red mud-based anode material become a promising candidate for low-cost and high-energy-density Li-ion batteries. This work provides estimations of economic feasibility and environmental impact, results show that quasi-closed-loop has high economic feasibility and low CO 2 -Eq. emission of 1.525 kg CO 2 -Eq. per kg RA/C compared to 9.616 kg CO 2 -Eq. per kg natural graphite of conventional natural graphite. This work proposed a feasible, sustainable, and scalable red mud recycling approach that promotes green and sustainable development of the Aluminum industry. [Display omitted] • Discover cycle-driven and pseudocapacitance-boosting mechanisms for red mud-based anode. • Estimate the cost and revenues, greenhouse gas emissions of the quasi-closed-loop approach. • Recycling red mud via a low-cost, facile, scalable, and environmentally friendly method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lead-free double perovskite with low toxicity and good performance stability has attracted much attention in optoelectronic device applications. But their photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) are low, which limits their applications. Co-doping and alloying are the most valuable methods to improve its PLQY and stability. In this study, we successfully synthesized Bi3+ and Fe3+ co-doped Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 double perovskite using the hydrothermal method, and the emission mechanism was further investigated. Under UV-light excitation, the Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 : Bi3+/Fe3+ shows dual emission. This emission results from the modification effect of self-trapped exciton (STE) formation, and Fe3+ induces longer wavelength emission. By changing the doping contents of Bi3+ and Fe3+, the revolution of double perovskite color from yellow to orange-red can be observed, and its PLQY is up to 39.95%. The studies of the PL emission mechanism reveal that energy transfer occurs between the STE and Fe3+, and different doping contents can affect this transfer mechanism. This work has implications for producing double perovskite for optoelectronic semiconductors and provides direction for designing new lead-free double perovskites. • Successfully synthesized Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 : Bi3+/Fe3+ double perovskite by hydrothermal method. • The dual-emission mechanism of Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 : Bi3+/Fe3+ double perovskite was investigated. • Cs 2 Ag 0.6 Na 0.4 InCl 6 : Bi3+/Fe3+ double perovskite emission can be tuned by changing Bi3+/Fe3+ concentration. • This study discussed the energy transfer mechanism of synthetic perovskite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A carbon-coated liquid metal nanoparticles anode is successfully prepared. • The excellent morphology and electrochemical performance of carbon-coated liquid metal nanoparticles are reported. • The carbon layer can alleviate the volume effect and inhibit the mutual fusion. Ga-based liquid metal has been reported as a self-healing anode for lithium-ion batteries due to their good fluidity and surface tension. However, the materials still face the challenge of poor long-term stability due to mutual fusion and volume expansion. In this work, the pristine liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs) are prepared by the ultrasonic stirring method. And then polydopamine-coated LMNPs (LMNPs@PDA) is obtained by the polymerization of dopamine. Finally, the carbon-coated LMNPs (LMNPs@C) are obtained by annealing under an Ar atmosphere. The carbon layer can efficiently alleviate the volume effect and prevent the mutual fusion of LMNPs@C maintaining its high specific surface area and capacity. The LMNPs@C anode achieves the initial capacity of 959.9 mAh g−1 and a discharge capacity of 452.1 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 100 cycles. Besides, under the current density of 5 A g−1, the LMNPs@C anode still maintains the discharge capacity of 185 mAh g−1. Moreover, the LMNPs@C anode maintains a low R ct and a high lithium-ion diffusion coefficient due to the carbon layer equipping good conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The potential-pH diagrams for lithium–titanium–water system at temperatures of 333.15, 363.15, 393.15 and 453.15K and ion activities of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 of the dissolved species were constructed to predict the predominant areas of lithium–titanium composite oxides in the Li–Ti–H2O system. Empirical functions were applied to estimate the thermodynamic data, which are unavailable in the literature. The presented Eh–pH diagrams show that temperature and ion activity have significant effects upon the stable regions of various species considered in Li–Ti–H2O system. With an increase in temperature, or ion activity, the dominant regions of Li2TiO3(hc), Li4Ti5O12(hc) and Li4TiO4(hc) shift towards lower pH zones. Also, the predominant areas of Li4Ti5O12(hc) and Li2TiO3(hc) shrink, while that of Li4TiO4(hc) enlarges. This demonstrates that the production of Li4Ti5O12 and Li2TiO3 is thermodynamically feasible by a wet process. Experiments were subsequently performed in light of the constructed potential-pH diagrams. The results indicated that the potential-pH diagrams are consistent with experiment. Therefore, the preparation of Li4Ti5O12 and Li2TiO3 in aqueous solution is feasible and the process can be controlled in practice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• PB micro-cubes were uniformly and firmly anchored in PVDF membrane. • PB@PVDF catalytic membrane shows excellent instantaneous catalytic performance. • Catalytic capacity of the membrane can be controllable for different Pops removal. • PB@PVDF membrane can maintain constant flux and high removal during long-term test. • Confinement effect of tortuous micro-pores contributed to a full utilization of OH. Catalytic membranes as heterogeneous advanced oxidation microreactors are appealing for persistent organic pollutants (Pops) treatment. Constructing a robust catalytic membrane with highly active sites for instantaneous and standing mineralization of flowing Pops are challenging in its practical application. Herein, we enable in-situ growth and firm enchasing of Prussian blue (PB) micro-crystals in the micro-clusters of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, where active sites are fully exposed for oxidant reagent and target contaminants. The designed PB@PVDF catalytic membrane demonstrates exceptional efficiency for instantaneous degradation of recalcitrant organic molecules e.g. bisphenol A, methylene blue, rhodamine B as well as humic acid. The membrane maintains high removal efficiency above 99% for MB with a constant flux of 300 L m−2 h−1 during a long-term (24 h) cross-flow test. Both the enrichment of radials and pollutants in confined tortuous micro-pores and prompt flowing away of degraded products lead to the superior catalytic activity of heterogeneous Fenton reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Orifice flow noise appears in two reverse flows of vortex areas of the pipe. • The SPL of orifice flow noise increases over velocity logarithmically. • Smaller orifice leads to higher SPL, while orifice thickness causes faint influence. Based on the previous measurements data, the standard orifice flowmeters is one of the main noise sources in nature gas metering stations. In this paper, a theoretical method that combines the Large Eddy Simulations (LES) with the Ffowcs Williams Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy theory has been used to analysis the Sound Pressure Level (SPL) distribution in standard orifice flowmeter. And then, a series of numerical simulations have been performed over a range of conditions, including medium velocity, aperture size, and orifice thickness. At last, a correlation formula of the maximum SPL and medium velocity has been presented by fitting the numerical results. It shows that the SPL increases over velocity logarithmically, and the maximum SPL is present at the upstream wall of orifice and in two reverse flows of vortex areas of the downstream pipe. Meanwhile, a smaller aperture size leads to higher SPL, while orifice thickness brings about faint influence. The SPL increases by about 8 dB by the decreasing of aperture per 20 mm. Finally, the data obtained from the fitting are verified by field data and is approved by the staff. The results provide effective guidance for practical operation of orifice flowmeter noise prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]