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This study aims to examine the relationship between parent resilience, couple burnout, and misogyny of fathers with disabled children, while also investigating the mediating effect of parent resilience on the relationship between misogyny and couple burnout. This study included a sample of 120 fathers whose children were attending a special education and rehabilitation center. Couple Burnout Scale Short Form, Misogyny Scale, Family Resilience Scale, and Personal Information Form were used as instruments in the study. The findings revealed a significant relationship between couple burnout and levels of misogyny, as well as a negative relationship between couple burnout and perception of parent resilience. Additionally, a negative relationship was observed between the level of misogyny and parent resilience. Importantly, parent resilience was found to mediate the relationship between level of misogyny and couple burnout, explaining 24.5% of the total variance. Based on these findings, it is recommended to prioritize psychological interventions that strengthen resilience of fathers with disabled children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The birth of a child is a process in which family life and daily routines undergo significant changes and adjustments. This study aims to investigate the relationship between spiritual coping styles and hope levels in mothers with disabled children. The study was conducted between January and April 2022 with mothers whose children were enrolled in a rehabilitation center of a district located in eastern Turkey. The target population of the study was 110 mothers who had children enrolled in the rehabilitation center. The sample of the study was 102 mothers who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected through the Personal Information Form, the Trait Hope Scale, and the Maternal Spiritual Coping Scale. Spiritual coping mean scores were high in mothers who had a female disabled child, did not have any other disabled children, received support from the state for their child's care, did not ignore their other children's care due to the special condition of the disabled child and did not feel guilty, and were worried about their children's future. The difference between the mean scores was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Hope mean scores were found to be high in women who had children with physical and hearing disability, were illiterate, had a low economic condition, and received psychological support for the condition of their children. The difference between the mean scores was statistically significant (p < 0.05). A positive relationship was found between maternal spiritual coping levels and hope levels. In-line with this result, it is recommended to organize programs to help mothers to accept their children's condition and cope with their situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an insight into the life of a family with a premature infant with quadruparetic form of cerebral palsy without intellectual disability in the long-term horizon of care. The authors focused on the effects of supporting a child with this disability in the context of the function of the entire caring family system and on the effects on the behaviour, experience, decision-making and relationships of family members. The study also reflects changes in the possibilities of care and provision of special educational support for this child retrospectively, from birth to adolescence. The aim of the investigation was to describe the difficult of care provided by parents and its effect on the immediate environment. The authors focused their research mainly on the main caregiver – the mother. The article describes the behaviour of individual family members and coping with a difficult life situation from the birth of a child with a developmental disability to adulthood. The authors tried to increase the awareness of the professional and public about the demands of daily long-term care and its effect not only on the caregivers themselves, but also on relationships in the close and extended family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the correlation between stress coping styles and self-efficacy with regard to the spiritual and religious coping of mothers with disabled children. The descriptive and relational screening model was used in this study. The research was completed with 227 mothers in a private rehabilitation center at Turkey. The data were collected using Maternal Spiritual Coping, Religious Coping Styles, Stress Coping Styles Scales (SCSS), and General Self-Efficacy Scales. As a result of the study, there was a statistically advanced degree of significant correlation in a positive direction between effective coping with stress and spiritual coping (p < 0.001), and a negative significant correlation between ineffective coping with stress and general self-efficacy (p < 0.05). Additionally, there was a negative significant correlation between the SCSS-effective coping dimension with the SCSS-ineffective coping points (p < 0.05). The high level of spiritual coping of mothers and its effect on coping with stress is an important result. For the participation of children with disabilities and their parents in society, it is essential to identify components such as mental health and spiritual coping that will improve mothers' mental health so that mothers can effectively cope with the difficulties they experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion of people with disabilities still comes up against barriers, especially attitudinal barriers. The adoption of children with disabilities, in addition to being an action that ensures the fundamental right of family life, is ultimately one of the scenarios that seek inclusion and that still reveals ableist barriers. The present study aimed to identify conceptions of disabilities in four adoptive parents and four applicants for adoption, and to relate with motivators or not of the adoption of children with disabilities. The results indicated a strong tendency to agree with the biological conception of the deficiency associated with the idea of dependence of these children, related to ableism. The study identifies a lack of access to content about deficiencies during the adoption process, and indicates the possibility of the performance of technicians who can act in this process, informing, in forums and support groups for adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines migrant parents' experiences with public health and social services in Finland, relying on data from interviews with 20 parents. We apply the theory of recognition as the theoretical framework for this research. Our focus is on the recognition of and services for disabled persons for two reasons. Firstly, research on disability in the migration context remains lacking. Secondly, whilst many theoretical discussions about recognition exist, empirical studies relying on theory have received less attention. Here, we aim to explore the practical forms of recognition to parents' everyday lives. We rely on theory-guided content analysis as an analytical tool. Based on the results of this research, parents face multiple challenges when encountering public service professionals. This drained parents' resources and hampered their integration into Finnish society. Regardless of problems related to services, parents employed different strategies to gain recognition based on their own resources. This research examines in detail how the migrant parents of a disabled child related with Finnish public health and social service professionals. Most parents in this study experienced problems obtaining services, caused by the lack of a shared language and an unfamiliarity with the service system. All parents wanted professionals to recognise their concerns regarding their child's disability, to take into account the parents' views about their child's treatment and treat parents with respect. When parents felt unrecognised, they refused to accept it in many ways. For example, they could resist professionals' plan during meetings or consulted repeatedly emergency room service. This research demonstrates how a delayed or an inappropriate health and social service influenced parents' every-day lives. Consequently, it created long-lasting stress and hampered their integration process into the new country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is currently believed that functioning in family and professional roles can bring negative and positive experiences, indicating the development of competences useful in both areas. How these areas interact may indicate a particular type of balance achieved by the individual. Work-family balance is relatively well recognized in parents of non-disabled children, but to a lesser extent, in parents of disabled children. The article presents the results of the author's own research aimed at determining types of work-family interactions based on the results of conflict and enrichment in parents of disabled children and analyzing the influence of sociodemographic variables, characteristics of the child, parental satisfaction, and job satisfaction. 188 Polish mothers and fathers of children with selected types of disabilities participated in the study. Measures used: Work-Family Enrichment Scale by Carlson et al., The Work-Family Conflict Scale by Matthews et al., The Scale of Parenting Experiences (own construction), and The Work Satisfaction Scale by Zalewska. Four types were found: unbalanced parents experiencing strong conflict and poor enrichment; parents separating family and professional life (low conflict and enrichment); the blurred type with high conflict and enrichment; and balanced parents experiencing low conflict and high enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The study's first objective is to compare differences between fathers and mothers with and without chronically disabled children. The study's second objective is to analyze factors influencing the quality of life of mothers and fathers with chronically disabled children comprehensively. Materials and Methods: One hundred sixty parents, 48 mothers and 22 fathers with chronically disabled children, 45 mothers and 45 fathers without chronically disabled children, participated in the research. Data collection was performed by employing the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Fatigue Severity Scale, Headache Impact Test (HIT), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: The childcare-related workload, HIT, NHP, BDI, and PSQI values of the mothers in the study group and BDI and PSQI values of the mothers in the control group were significantly higher than the values obtained by the fathers (p<0.05). Moreover, depression, parenting stress, headache, fatigue, and the percentage of childcare-related workload undertaken by the spouse were observed to affect the quality of life of parents having chronically disabled children (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a consequence, we see that parents are affected by their children's disabilities, whereas mothers are affected more. We think that planning multifaceted approaches on the issue will be useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: In Iranian Islamic culture, one of the most important duties of mothers is to take care of their children. Caring for a child with a mental or physical disability is fraught with challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the lived experiences of mothers with children with physical and mental disabilities. Materials and Methods: This study was performed by a qualitative approach and document analysis using meta-synthesis method to examine 13 articles related to the seven-step method of Sandlowski and Barros. The stages of this research included preparing the research question, reviewing the texts systematically, searching and selecting appropriate texts, extracting textual information, analyzing and combining qualitative findings, quality control, and presenting the findings. Results: Dimensions and categories included individual dimensions (personal education and knowledge, emotions, spirituality, defense mechanisms, personal life) and social dimensions (social stigmas, social supports). Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that mothers with disabled children experience many painful experiences and psychosocial concerns about caring for their disabled child. These findings highlight the need for specialized support for mothers during the first years of a disabled child's birth and beyond, and encourage readers and professionals to make each of these categories a potential therapeutic goal, and to strengthen mothers' strengths in resilience, and in this way prevent the damage they face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the experiences of mothers of children with various disability in Malaysia. Specifically, the study sought to assess the crises faced by the mothers who raised a child with disability. Mothers are often identified as the primary caregivers of their hildren. Therefore, it is important to understand a mother's perspective in caregiving child with disabilities. Using in-depth interview approach, ten (10) mothers were purposively selected from mothers whose children attended a "special" school which is Pusat Pemulihan Dalam Komuniti (PDK) Klang Selatan. In-depth interviews were conducted to explore their unique, challenging, and special experiences. A set of 12 semi-structured questions were applied for ten informants. The study was conducted from January to June 2020 at PDK Klang Selatan. Data were themmatically analyzed and extracted into five (5) themes including emotional crises, financial crises, health crises, role crises and rejection. The findings of this study demonstrate that being a mother of a child with disability is related to multiple negative experiences or crises. However, the mothers have reacted with positive coping strategies including spirituality, social supports, and hope in nurturing their disabled children. This research gave relevant informantion to improve governmental policies. National Social Policy need to highlight the needs of disabled children and their families. Supportive programs should be conducted more frequently to help parents with disabled children. Related agencies need to identify the need of each families with disabled children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study determined problems, fatigue, life satisfaction, family stress, and coping strategies of families who had a disabled child and the relationships between them. Design and Methods: This descriptive and cross‐sectional study conducted with 191 parents of children with disabilities. Findings: As the life satisfaction of childcare providers increased, their emotional exhaustion decreased and sense of personal accomplishment increased (p < 0.05). Practice Implications: It is necessary that nurses and health team members should provide regular and continuous education for burnout, life satisfaction, family stress and coping styles to parents of disabled children using interactive education techniques and group interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Single‐parent families with disabled children are obliged to take special care of children and shoulder excessive burdens. This study aimed to clarify the family functioning of child‐rearing single‐parent families with children attending special needs schools in Japan. Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with qualitative content analysis utilized for data analysis. Results: The results of the data analysis clarified nine categories: excessive concentration of family functioning on mothers, and adjustments in the family functioning they perform; creation of a family environment friendly to disabled children and their families; satisfaction with family needs by gaining support from the neighborhood and social resources; anxieties related to children's disabilities; promotion of a better understanding of disability; unavoidable reduction in the amount of time shared by the family; efforts to maintain an infrastructure for health care; selection and effective use of a special needs school; and strengthened bonds between families with disabled children. Conclusions: Receiving adequate support from the school is of great assistance in enabling families to maintain their family functioning. This demonstrates that, through the use of the time while the child attends a special needs school, the family can accomplish family functioning, contributing to a fulfilling family life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between care burden and physical activity, quality of life, and sleep quality of mothers with disabled children. Design and Methods: The study was conducted with 165 mothers in a private rehabilitation center. Findings: There was a significant correlation between care burden and quality of life and sleep quality among mothers with disabled children. Practice Implications: It is necessary for nurses to consult parents in terms of social support and to provide psychological support for families with disabled children to reduce the care burden of parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this theoretical paper is to think about the emotional link that a mother establishes with her sick and disabled child as a creation of an artwork of care, which involves a process of comprehending and transforming the feelings of guilt, rejection, shame, pain and uncertainty regarding the presence of that child. In addition, the art and virtue of taking care of this child does not imply the development of an act and the application or execution of a technique, but it involves putting at the service of the illness and dependence, the creativity, patience, acceptance and emotional and personal implication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mothers with a disabled child experience excessive stress, fatigue, frustration, and depression. Failure of mothers to effectively deal with these symptoms can lead to chronic fatigue and, in the long run, burnout. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of supportive-training intervention on the burnout of mothers with disabled children. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 mothers with disabled children studying in special schools were selected in one of the urban areas of Iran. They were divided into two groups of intervention and control, using minimization random method. In the intervention group, mothers participated in supportive-training sessions once a week for a period of 6 weeks. The control group did not receive any special interventions. The data collection tool was a demographic data form and Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ). Burnout was evaluated as primary outcome at the beginning of the study and one month after the end of the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18. Results: Based on the results, there was no significant difference between the mean score of burnout in the intervention and control groups before the intervention. However, after the intervention, the mean score of burnout in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of supportive-training intervention on the burnout of mothers of disabled children, this intervention is recommended by nurses and other health care providers in special schools, health centers, and supportive institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Taking care of a child with disability not only affects the health of the caregiver but also has a detrimental effect on their quality of life. Presently heath providers are focussing on the child with disability, their caregivers are ignored to a large extent. Aim: To compare the quality of life of the caregivers of children with or without disabilities. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi from November 2011 to October 2012 with prior approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. After obtaining informed consent, a total of 400 participants (200 each in case and control group) who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the study. A pre-structured proforma containing the demographic details of the family and WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire to assess quality of life of caregivers was filled. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: In the present study it was observed that quality of life of caregivers of children with disabilities had statistically significant lower scores in all domains using WHOQoL-BREF scale as compared to control group. Conclusion: Protocols should be framed in departments managing children with disabilities to address the health issues of the caregivers. Help in the form of regular counselling, peer group interaction within the hospital and respective local communities, support including respite care services are few things that can be incorporated in order to improve their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Young children may express themselves vocally, with gestures, movements or by using toys and other everyday objects. This can also be done with simple musical instruments, particularly percussion instruments, such as rattles, drums, clappers, claves, bells, tambourines or sleigh bells. Owing to their sound, vibration, shape, construction, size, colour, texture, weight and temperature, these instruments highly engage children and prompt them to effective performance, thereby stimulating cognitive, psychomotor, emotional and social development. By playing, children with disability make percussion instruments vibrate and sound, which renders them child-specific non-verbal means of musical expression. The vibration-sound utterances of children may be recognised, read and interpreted by parents, carers and specialists (educators, therapists, doctors, psychologists), thereby contributing to the development of proper relationships and communication patterns in the family. This can take place as early as in the second half of life, but the intensity of expression is preconditioned by the child's skills (psychomotor and intellectual ability), their expectations as well as emotional and aesthetic sensitivity to sounds and music. This work is an attempt of a synthetic look on spontaneous (perceptive, creative and reconstructive) activity of infants and young children as well as their closest family members who use simple percussion instruments. It also provides practical tips as to how to use such means of therapeutic interaction. The discussed activity may be viewed both as a complex process and as a simple sound-musical creation that is often accompanied by verbal, vocal and motor behaviours. What is significant is the fact that percussion instruments of specified and unspecified sound pitch may become an effective means of non-verbal interaction used in early intervention, while simple music performance may serve as a stimulant of individual development of a young child with disability and support the functioning of his or her family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), created by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001, is a health classification system directed to functionality and contextual factors. The ICF comprises 5 domains: body function and structure, activity, participation, environmental, and personal factors and can be used at all levels of health care. Through this classification, health professionals can broaden their perspective during the assessment, develop objective and realistic goals for the intervention, and identify the correct time for the discharge from the treatment. The growing number of children with motor disabilities in Brazil has encouraged professionals to use the ICF to assess specific aspects of development in this population. Participation in leisure activities at home, school and community contributes to the development, functionality and quality of life of this population of children with motor disabilities. The use of ICF in the evaluation and rehabilitation of children with motor disabilities should be seen as a strategy of change in the traditional model of rehabilitation, broadening the perspective on the child and identifying aspects related to functionality and context, which may be direct influencers for the rehabilitation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine the life satisfaction, general health conditions, and depression levels of mothers with disabled children and the problems they experienced. This descriptive study was conducted between 1 and 30 December 2014 in a rehabilitation center that renders services for totally 254 physically and mentally-disabled children in Turkey. 184 mothers participated in the study. The data were collected by using an information form, the life satisfaction scale, the general health questionnaire, and the Beck depression inventory. General Health Questionnaire scores of the mothers who had another disabled child and Beck Depression Inventory scores of the working mothers were significantly high. In addition, a significant difference was found between the scores of Life Satisfaction Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory by mothers who had difficulties regarding care of their children, were worried for their children, and experienced uncertainty with regard to the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Besides family sources of support (husband, wife, children, parents, siblings, relatives), the literature on the problem of social support emphasizes the role of friends, acquaintances, and neighbors. Purpose: assessment of types and levels of support that parents receive from specific social groups. Materials and methods: The study included 108 mothers and 108 fathers of intellectually disabled children. The following were used: the authors' questionnaire and the standardized scale of Social Support by Kmiecik-Baran. Results: There were marked differences between parents in terms of emotional support (standard deviation 3.519), the lowest in informative support (deviation 2.744). General support was poor in the opinion of 34.6% of parents. Strong informative support was enjoyed by 29.5% of respondents. Average institutional support related to 42.9% of parents, strong evaluative support 37.1%, and strong emotional support 41%. Parents received the strongest informative, institutional, evaluative, and emotional support from nurses and physicians. Spouses of the examined gave them poor informative, emotional and institutional support, and average evaluative support. Statistically, fathers received significantly stronger evaluative and emotional support - by more than one point and by more than 3 points in the case of general support - than mothers. Conclusions: Parents received average social support; however, it was below the average for the Polish adult population. Spouses provided them poor informative, emotional and institutional support and average evaluative support; teachers, physicians and nurses average support in all categories, however, in the case of the latter two - institutional and evaluative support - were close to above-average values. Fathers enjoyed moderately stronger evaluative, emotional and general support from teachers, physicians, and nurses than mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to present an explanation of relational resilience in families with a disabled child with spousal support, which can be a protective factor, and couple burnout, which can be a risk factor. The study group of the research consisted of 233 married individuals. Of the participants who live in Turkey, 162 (69.5%) were female and 71 (30.5%) were male. In the study, Relational Resilience Scale was used to measure the relational resilience of the participants, Couple Burnout Scale was used to measure the relationship burnout, Spouse Support Scale was used to measure the level of support spouses receive from each other, and Demographic Information Form was used to determine the demographic characteristics. The data were tested with standard multiple regression analysis. According to the findings of the study, spousal support as a protective factor and couple burnout as a risk factor predict the relational resilience in families with a disabled child. Starting from this point of view, relational resilience of married individuals with a disabled child was evaluated with regard to spousal support and burnout within the marriage. Results were discussed in light of the related literature and suggestions were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Power hierarchy, cohesion and family structure are the main component of every family. Families with disabled children may be affected with this structure and function. The aim of this study was to comparison of the power hierarchy, cohesion and family structure with disabled and non-disabled children in Bushehr from the perspective of their mothers (2015). Materials & Methods: In this Cross-sectional study, 150 mothers of disabled and non-disabled children in Bushehr city were selected by census and clusters method, respectively. Family structure, cohesion and hierarchy of mothers was assessed by using the Family System Test (FAST). Data were analyzed by using SPSS software (Version 18) and statistical tests carried out such as (Independent t-test, ANOVA and chi-square test. Results: Based on this results, there was no significant difference between the families in terms of power (p=0.22) but the cohesion of families with children with physical disabilities (p=0.0001, 1/90 ± 0.54) and mentally (p=0.0001, 1.56 ± 0.73) is less than the natural family (p=0.0001, 2.26 ± 0.52), Also in terms of structure, there was no significant difference between families with healthy children and physical disability and mentally (p=0.05). Conclusion: Findings showed that the cohesion of families with disabled children are more vulnerable than healthy family. In the first step, awareness of young couples about the outcome of the birth of a disabled child is necessary and inevitable and in second step, providing training and adequate support to families with disabled child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functioning of a disabled child is linked to multiple difficulties and problems unexperienced by fully able children. The life opportunities of these children will to a large extent depend on what social competence, predisposition and potential they develop at an early stage of life. Therefore, the quality of life of the disabled child depends greatly on the living conditions of their family. That is why the role of the disabled child's family is so important in the process of preparing the child for as independent a life, as possible. Poor health conditions and disability are among the reasons for adults' limited professional activity and the poor material conditions of the entire family. Limited family potential may lead to farreaching consequences for a child's current development and his or her future life situation. Disability in childhood carries risks of social exclusion from education and peer groups as well as from the labour market in future adult life, especially if the child grows up in privation. In order to prevent these risks, intervention to support children, youth as well as their families is necessary. Lack of family resources and the capability to invest in the child means that only external support (mainly adequate social care and educational system) may stop this negative life trajectory and prevent the disabled child from being a dependent disabled adult in future. The article takes up the problem of the quality of the disabled children's lives, characterising the capabilities, opportunities and limitations of these children's functioning within the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sponsors of clinical trials have excluded pregnant women from trial participation mainly because of the fear of legal liability for foetal injury. Yet, to prevent untested treatments exposing foetuses generally to unwarranted risks, it is necessary that pregnant women are included in clinical trials. Despite sponsors' fears there are, however, major stumbling blocks for the child once born claiming compensation under English law. Neither the new EU Regulation 536/2014 on clinical trials nor tort law or statutory regulations have achieved a clear and fair avenue for the compensation of children injured in utero. There are also inadequacies with the voluntary pharmaceutical industry guidelines regarding such compensation. Greater clarity and fairness regarding tort and civil liability might encourage sponsors to conduct more trials in pregnant women and more pregnant women to volunteer taking part in research in the knowledge that their children will be compensated if they sustain injuries in utero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family is a hierarchically organized system, which mobilizes its capacity of linear and circular adjustment, of homeostasis, of modification, increase and change with each new challenge that it encounters. This paper focuses on the issue of stress in families with a disabled child, starting from the premise that the normal development and integration of the disabled child in society depend significantly on ensuring - within the family - a supportive, reassuring, adaptive climate. The family can create this climate by ensuring a positive relationship between the two spouses and by approaching correctly the child's disability. Mention must also be made of the positive influence of parenting training on parental stress and on enhancing the parental sense of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disabled children with special health care needs are at high risk for oral disease. Myiasis is a rare condition that is associated with inadequate public and personal hygiene and is common in medically, mentally, and physically compromised individuals living in developing tropical countries. The purpose of this paper is to describe a case of oral myiasis in a 13-year-old Indian girl with spastic cerebral palsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caring for a child with disability is a lifelong activity that affects all members of the family, and their intrafamilial and social relationships. Families are in need of professional support. Many families suffer from negative feelings as well as emotional, social and financial challenges. Numerous researches have shown that child illness can negatively affect parents and siblings. In particular, mothers are more affected by this situation the reason that the roles of and caregivers. Therefore in this article is presented help and solutions are presented to show the way to the mother, as well as families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a theoretically based narrative analysis of conversations held with six women in South Africa who position themselves as mothers of disabled children. We examine the dominant socio-cultural narratives that impact the lives of the mothers as they enact motherhood, and the counter-narratives that emerge in the process. Three key themes are discussed: struggle, resiliency and agency; motherhood and the intersections of personal histories, spirituality and Ubuntu; and the economics and politics of negotiating access to social benefits, including early intervention and education. The study highlights the contextual, situated and diverse nature of motherhood and the disabled child in contexts of early education and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives. This study explored Taiwanese fathers' experience of involvement in the daily care of a child with developmental disability within Chinese culture. Background. Most studies on parents' experiences of having a child with a disability have focused on mothers or mixed fathers' voices with mothers'. Focussing only on mothers and ignoring fathers may hinder the latter's engagement with their child's care and encourage traditional or detached fathering roles. Design. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was applied to explore and interpret fathers' experience. Method. Sixteen fathers were purposively sampled from a medical centre in central Taiwan. All participants were interviewed twice with semi-structured and in-depth interviews. All transcripts and journal notes were analysed with the hermeneutic circle to achieve thick descriptions that richly described the meaning of fathers' experience. Results. Analysis of interviews with fathers on their experiences of raising the disabled child at home revealed three shared meanings: keeping hope alive, concerns about quality of medical care and maximising family function. Conclusions. Hope for their disabled child's good outcome and future was highly significant for these fathers, but hope was diminished when their child received poor medical care or their own ability was too poor to care for the disabled child. However, fathers still did not give up working for their children and for the well-being of their families and society. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses should acknowledge that fathers' involvement in their disabled child's care can contribute to the well-being of both child and family. Also, nurses should educate parents on the best possible ways to help their child. Finally, nurses need to encourage discussions between parents and professionals about their own and the family's situation to develop a trusting and equal parent-professional relationship, thus alleviating fathers' concerns and better meeting the child's care needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toker A, Salzer L. Pediatric liver transplantation - Ethical dilemmas in a disabled patient. Pediatr Transplantation 2011. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Allocation of medical resources, especially resources with absolute scarcity such as organs for transplant, is a difficult task. Medical, surgical, and ethical considerations should be evaluated. In solid organ transplantation, ethics committees are the gate keepers that deal with moral philosophy when moral values are in conflict. Often, no good solution to a dilemma in these medical ethics exists. Our case presents split living liver donation for retransplantation in a mentally disabled girl, with few medical ethics principles at stake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malnutrition can potentially prone a disabled child to further morbidities thus imposing further suffering to the affected child and his/her family. This is the first report on the nutritional status of physically disabled children from lran. Methods: A total of 290 physically disabled children aged 6-12 yeas old. of both sexes, and from all specialized schools in Tehran, Meshed and Rasht were enrolled in a descriptive cross-sectional study. Dietary assessment was performed for disabled children using 24hr and food-frequency questionnaires. Weight and height were assessed and body mass index (BMI) was calculated for all subjects. Results: In disabled children, while the mean energy intake was more than 90% of the amount required, mean calcium and iron intakes were 75.8% and 58.7% of the corresponding required amounts. Despite absence of significant difference in energy and fat intake, the intakes of protein, calcium and riboflavin were significantly lower in girls than in boys. Z score of weight showed that over 40% of disabled girls and boys were underweight. Comparison with anthropometric data from other studies showed that low weight was more prevalent in disabled than in non-disabled children (p<0.001). Moreover, both disabled boys and girls had significantly shorter statures than their nondisabled counterparts. Conclusions: Malnutrition (low weight and stunting) is quite prevalent among Iranian children with motor disabilities and it is more prevalent in girls than in boys. It seems that poor food composition is a more important contributing factor than total low calorie intake. These data warrants further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The schooling of the disabled children in ordinary school is a reality in France since seventies. In February 2005, a new law “for the equality of chances and citizenship of handicapped persons”, act the principle of schooling for all. But in the daily, how young children and their parents are received when they ask to enter in infant school? The teams of rehabilitation centers which bring cares, re-education and accompaniment to young disabled children worked in partnership with infant schools to support scholastic incorporation. A group of managers and guiding doctors of the rehabilitation centers in Paris area accomplished an inquiry during the third week of January 2006 to see the conditions of reception (in term of time schooling, modalities of accompaniment) for the children followed in those rehabilitation centers. This schooling appears “satisfying” for two-thirds and for one-third are not. This inquiry shows the differences of reception and a lack of solution adapted for the children in most difficulties and a rigidification of procedures about the installation of this law. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

On Maré Island in New Caledonia 'the elder's child' is an etiologic category with its own specific features. This article describes the work of a clinical psychologist with the family of a polyhandicapped child described as 'the elder's child.' Psychological and ethnographic perspectives provide complementary approaches to investigating cultural meanings, social organization and cosmogony, which all influence clinical interaction with the family and provides tools for developing a therapeutic alliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The réseau enfance et handicap du grand Sud-Ouest (REHSO) as founded in November 2015 to promote pediatric PRM on this territory and to standardize the practices within the establishments participant. Material/patients and methods In May 2015, a study on the management of surgical projects in disabled children was realised by a questionnaire sent to the structures of pediatric PRM of the West. In June 2015, a working group composed by 17 surgeons, pediatrician and MPR practitioners discussed about their different practices and built a consensus on the steps to lead during a surgical project in disabled children. This consensus was next comforted by the literature data on the health care pathway of children in surgery. Results On 12 centers interrogated, 7 answered the preliminary questionnaire. The positive results were that all the centers realised multidisciplinary consultations before the surgical acts, essentially in university hospitals, and that most of them performed a specific preparation for these interventions, but inconstantly standardized. The weak points of these heath care pathways was the pain evaluation, which was systematic but insufficiently standardized, the leak of precision of the pre and postoperative transmissions, and the insufficiency of the support offered to families. The consensus proposed by the REHSO structures the surgical pathway of the child in preoperative cares, operative period, time of the discharge, and post-operative cares. It underlines the importance of the multidisciplinary preparation for the surgery, the information given to families, the treatment of the pain and the quality of the transmissions and the follow-up. It recommends especially a systematic use of the transmission files edited by the AP–HP and of the modified FLACC for the pain evaluation. Discussion - conclusion The 17 authors of this regional consensus committed to diffuse it and apply it in their establishments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]