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Objective: The objective of this study was to describe a case of cutaneous lichen planus (LP) that appeared following COVID19 infection. Case description: We report a case of extensive cutaneous classic familial LP in a 4-year-old male child after an asymptomatic serologically confirmed COVID-19 infection. The patient developed intensely itchy, purple, flat-topped papules and plaques, mainly on the dorsal surface of the hands, feet, forearms, and shins. Histopathological examination of the skin biopsy showed vacuolar and apoptotic degeneration of the basal cell layer with a bandlike lymphocyte infiltrate at the dermo-epidermal junction and confirmed the diagnosis of LP. Comments: LP could be considered among the differential diagnoses of pediatric post-COVID inflammatory skin lesions, either in the patients recovering from COVID-19 infection or in the suspicious asymptomatic cases in close contact with COVID19-infected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant, rare, multisystemic disease with variable presentation. Involvement of the renal, cardiac, nervous, and dermatological systems is possible, manifested in 90% of patients. The diagnosis is conducted through clinical criteria, and genetic tests may be requested. CASE REPORT: The reported case is of a 13-year-old female patient, diagnosed ten years ago with tuberous sclerosis, manifesting diffusely distributed hypochromic spots and nail lesions on hands and feet. In addition, the patient reports the recent onset of hyperchromic lesions on the face accompanied by itching and bruising. CONCLUSION: Early identification of tuberous sclerosis complex is necessary to minimize the multisystemic repercussions in the patient’s life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To present the state-of-the-knowledge on the epidemiology of tungiasis in the Region of the Americas. Methods. A search of publications on the epidemiology of tungiasis in the Americas was performed in PubMed and LILACS databases from January 2007 to June 2021. In addition, a manual literature search on articles on the epidemiology of tungiasis was performed. Results. A total of 83 articles were analyzed which contained relevant information on tungiasis cases and their geographical distribution, prevalence and risk factors, life cycle, sites where transmission takes place, and zoonotic aspects. The on-host and off-host life cycles have been researched in detail. In certain contexts, the whole life cycle is completed indoors enabling transmission around the whole year. Cases were reported from 10 countries; 71% of them were from Brazil. In the general population, the prevalence varied between 1.0% and 82.6% according to the settings. Age-specific prevalence indicated that children and the elderly bear the highest disease burden. Risk factor studies indicate that tungiasis is associated with severe poverty. Conclusions. In the Americas, there are important gaps in information and knowledge of tungiasis. Understanding the burden, epidemiology, distribution, magnitude, related risk factors, and reservoirs, among others, is needed to develop and implement integrated control measures tailored to the context and patterns of transmission in the affected communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the clinical profile of patients under dermatological care and referred to ophthalmological evaluation. Methods: The sample comprised dermatology patients referred to ophthalmological evaluation in 2016 and 2017. The simultaneous occurrence of skin and ophthalmic diseases was studied, by collecting dermatological history (medical records containing general data and diagnosis) and ophthalmic consultation data following referral. Results: A total of 224 patients were assessed, 65% were female, 80% were white, and age varied between one month and 85 years. The conditions more often referred were psoriasis, lupus, vitiligo and rosacea (18.3%, 13.8%, 12.9% and 10.7%, respectively). Chronic phototherapy and use of hydroxychloroquine were observed in 35.7% and 22.3% of patients, respectively. Cases of neurofibromatosis, mycosis fungoides, lichen planus, skin cancer, atopic dermatitis, pemphigus and scleroderma were also reported. Legal blindness was detected in 6% and visual impairment related to skin conditions in 16.5% of patients. The most prevalent ocular changes were cataracts (18.9%), blepharitis (15.9%), pterygium (5.3%) and conjunctivitis (5.3%). Conclusion: A high frequency of ophthalmic changes in a population of dermatological patients was found. In this context, studying and analyzing ocular manifestations in dermatological patients could be useful in early detection and prevention of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smoking represents an important factor of illness and worsening of diseases in various organs and organic systems, which may cause the involvement of dermatological changes. This bibliographic research aimed to verify the relationship between smoking and the development of skin diseases, compiling information on the positive and negative relationships between skin diseases and smoking. It is a narrative review of the literature composed by the analysis of 19 articles selected from the MEDLINE and LILACS databases based on the use of the following descriptors and their combinations: tobacco, "tobacco use", "tobacco use disorder ", smoking" and "skin diseases". The inclusion criteria for the selection consisted of: original articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish, with year of publication between 2000 and 2020, available in full in the respective databases and with a theme related to the subject studied. The analysis of the articles revealed that the smoking habit is related to dermatological pathologies such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, alopecia and vesicular eczema. However, the evidence is not exclusively about the deleterious effects of smoking, citing pathologies that benefit from the protective effects of the components of the common cigarette and its derivatives. This causality is explained, although superficially, by immunological and endocrinological effects, among others, related to cigarette use. There are implications between cigarette smoking and interference with the pathophysiological mechanisms of several dermatological diseases. Thus, patients who have a smoking habit should be accompanied by the dermatology service whenever possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are usually found in the pelvic area and the brain. These vascular anomalies are rarely reported in the toes. AVMs in the toes may be asymptomatic, but can also cause atypical symptoms. Congenital AVMs can expand as patients age and manifest in adulthood. They may be provoked by injury. Acquired AVM might be caused by iatrogenic factors, venous or arterial catheterization, percutaneous invasive vascular procedures, surgery, or degenerative vascular disorders. An AVM can damage surrounding tissues and can cause destruction of skin, nails and bones. The course of the disease is often unpredictable and diagnosis is usually delayed as a result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors present a case of lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei, a rare skin disease of unknown etiology, which may cause unaesthetic scarring due to its difficult treatment. The histopathological examination of epithelioid granulomas with caseating necrosis, together with the clinical features, are important for diagnosis and early treatment with better results. Despite difficult and unsatisfactory treatment, there are ongoing studies on therapy to improve aesthetic and social impairment. This case report describes an initial misdiagnosis delaying appropriate treatment, and highlights the value of physical examination and clinical judgment for another pathological examination, whenever necessary, aiming at better treatment outcomes in daily practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous calcinosis in dogs is a dermatological alteration caused by the excessive deposition of calcium salts in the skin, resulting in discomfort and aesthetic changes. Hypercortisolism, characterized by an excess of cortisol due to an imbalance in the HPA axis, is one of the main causes of the disease, leading to metabolic changes that favor calcium deposition in the skin. Symptoms include hard subcutaneous nodules, often ulcerative, as well as pruritus and local inflammation. Diagnosis is made based on clinical exams, cytology, biopsies, and laboratory analyses. Treatment aims to control the primary disease and, in severe cases, surgical removal of the nodules. A 10-year-old dog was referred for endocrinological and dermatological evaluation due to diffuse lesions on the back, symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, increased appetite, and muscle weakness. The animal was already receiving chronic treatment with oral glucocorticoids and topical ointment due to allergic dermatitis. Given the suspicion of hypercortisolism, abdominal ultrasonography, complete blood count, biochemistry, and dexamethasone suppression test were performed, revealing dyslipidemia, increased ALT and phosphatase, reduced urine density, and enlarged adrenal glands on ultrasonography. After temporary discontinuation of glucocorticoids, new tests confirmed hypercortisolism, corroborated by suppression tests and urinary cortisol/creatinine ratio after 30 days without corticosteroids. Skin cytology ruled out significant infections and inflammations. Histopathological examination of the lesion confirmed cutaneous calcinosis. The initiated treatment included mupirocin + DMSO lotion for the lesions and oral trilostane to control hypercortisolism, resulting in significant improvement in the clinical condition after 30 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción. En el embarazo, las dermatosis afectan a menos del 20% de las gestantes y representan un grupo heterogéneo de afecciones cutáneas, con una forma variada de presentación y evolución. El objetivo es presentar un caso de erupción polimorfa de inicio durante el puerperio, con una breve revisión de la literatura en torno a la patología y su tratamiento Reporte de caso. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 38 años en puerperio de su primera gestación, quien debutó con un cuadro clínico de erupción cutánea y prurito que inició en la zona abdominal y se extendió hacia los miembros inferiores. Las lesiones estaban constituidas por pápulas eritematosas que confluían hasta formar placas. Se diagnosticó con erupción polimorfa del embarazo y se dio manejo con antihistamínicos logrando la resolución de la patología Discusión. La erupción polimórfica del embarazo es un trastorno inflamatorio benigno de la piel. Inicia con la aparición de pápulas pruriginosas que confluyen hasta formar placas eritematosas, que aparecen primero en el abdomen con excepción de la zona umbilical y parten, generalmente, de las estrías y se diseminan a las extremidades. El tratamiento consiste en la utilización de emolientes y antihistamínicos para el control de las lesiones y el prurito Conclusiones. Aunque se trata de una patología benigna y autolimitada, es importante llegar al diagnóstico correcto e iniciar un manejo médico adecuado ya que síntomas como el prurito pueden generar lesiones por rascado que suelen infectarse y comprometer el estado de salud de las pacientes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report aims to elaborate on the role of Malassezia pachydermatis in atopic patients. Commonly, Malassezia pachydermatis is part of the skin microbioma of dogs and other mammals and birds. However, changes in the microenvironment of the skin and associated with predisposing factors such yeast overgrowth leads to change from saprophytic medium to parasitism, making it an opportunistic pathogen perpetuating external otitis and pruritic dermatoses in dogs. A dog of the breed Lhasa Apso, with twelve years of age was seen in Veterinary School Hospital of Jaguariúna with a history of alopecia, erythematous and highly pruritic lesions in legs and abdominal and inguinal regions, characterized by erythema, hyperpigmentation, lignification, scabs, seborrhea and alopecia. A superficial shave was carried out of the interdigital skin lesions and swab of the between the digits for cytological examination, in which we noticed an increased presence of the genus Malassezia pachydermatis yeast. Because of the diverse of skin diseases caused by Malassezia spp, including atopic dermatitis in dogs, it's important to have an early diagnosis where cytological examination associated with a correct treatment has satisfactory and beneficial results in the control of pruritic lesions in atopic dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) are Australian psittacines, frequently kept as pets. Amongst the main reasons that lead owners to seek specialized veterinary care for their pet birds are cutaneous disorders, which can have primary or secondary causes, such as tumors, cysts and ectoparasites. To verify the incidence of cutaneous disorders in birds' clinic, cases were studied from march, 2015 to march 2016 in a veterinary clinic. During that time, 32 cockatiels were attended and 21,8% of the cases was of cutaneous disorders, mostly ectoparasites. Thus, it is reiterated the importance of dermatology applied to birds, and the need for investing in consults and exams for diagnosing, treating and preventing such disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the gestational period, the woman undergoes intense immunological, endocrine, metabolic and vascular changes that make her susceptible to changes in her organism, including skin, determining the specific dermatoses of pregnancy. In addition, there is a second group of dermatological lesions that may be pre-existing and therefore liable to worsen or improve during pregnancy. The authors present a clinical case of dermatoses with clinical picture treatment and evolution and make an up-to-date review of the medical literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a dermatological syndrome of pharmacological hypersensitivity. Its association with hydroxychloroquine is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of a 48-year-old obese female patient, who after Chikungunya's disease progressed with persistent joint pain and was treated with hydrochloroquine, evolving with toxic epidermal necrolysis compatible erythematous-bullous-scaly lesions. The patient progressed with complete remission after 1 month of supportive and antibiotic therapy for secondary infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease which manifests in childhood. Noncompliance is a common parent's complaint of atopic children. Studies have shown that several antecedent variables can influence noncompliance. The present study aimed to examine the effects of parental attention and task difficult, on noncompliance behavior of five preschoolers' children with atopic dermatitis. The experimental design was the multielement. The results showed that the manipulation of these variables changed noncompliance responses in three of the five children. It suggests the need of including these variables to assess, to prevent and to intervene in children with atopic dermatitis described as noncompliance by their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to collect data on skin diseases in dogs evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Northern Parana State University (UENP), in Bandeirantes, Parana, Brazil. Dermatological conditions amounted to 31.38% of all consultations in dogs, and the most common skin conditions observed were, from the most to the least common: bacterial, parasitic, fungal, immune, and keratinization disorders; general skin diseases and psychogenic conditions. The highest scoring diseases, in number of occurrences were, in descending order: Superficial folliculitis, demodicidosis, dermatophytosis, bacterial otitis, deep folliculitis, dry dekeratinization, allergic dermatitis caused by flea bites, fungal ear infections, scabies, impetigo, malassezia dermatitis, parasitical otitis, pad dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brown recluse spider is a venomous one, having a necrotic bite. The loxoceles forms is a dangerous spider in Brasil. Cutaneous and viscera-cutaneous forms of loxocelism. Newborn, seven days, bitten by brown recluse spider and evolution for septic shock. Treatment by chemical desbry and skin graft. Good evolution. Treatment: antihistamines, steroids and antibiotics. The chemical debrys diminuishid the bacterian and have a good skin graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cistomatose apocrine gland is a rare condition and not neoplastic characterized by diverse groups of glands with dilated cyst formation. A female jaguar melanin (Phantera ounce), with an estimated age of 16, the physical examination revealed several nodules of soft consistency and floating, not stuck in the ventral abdomen, which were removed in a surgical procedure. Within these cysts had a net content, odorless and translucent. Microscopy was noted between the mid and deep dermis formation of multiple cysts of varying size, coated with a single layer of cuboidal cells and predominantly focuses looked up some rare projections papiliformes glandular epithelium. The diagnosis of an apocrine gland cistomatosis was accomplished through macroscopic and microscopic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]