1. Simulated comparison of calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and sodium (Na+) concentrations in heart chambers for activity potential formation employing Euler integral technique.
- Author
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Tejasree, K. and Nirmala, P.
- Subjects
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ACTION potentials , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ION channels , *HEART cells , *CALCIUM ions , *ARRHYTHMIA - Abstract
This research analyses ventricular arrhythmias caused by Ca2+, Na+, and K+ ion channel dysfunction. Most arrhythmias are caused by cardiac myocardial Action Potential (AP) production or conduction. Humans cardiac cell based on Ten Tusscher's endocardial cell model. The TT model data is updated based on Han's experimental data to describe human ventricular cell Ca2+, Na+, K+ levels and channel kinetics. The individual's ventricle simulation is analysed using Euler integration for various channel failure circumstances in 50 samples. Sample size was determined using criterion 0.05, G Factor 80%, interval of confidence 95%, and enrolment ratio 1. An insignificant difference was seen between normal and atypical arrhythmias (p<0.001). The extracellular Calcium Occupancy (Ca2+o) is 2mM, with AP mean values from +15mV to -85mV. Abnormal concentrations like (100%=4mM) have AP mean values from 35mV to -70mV. The exogenous Na+ Oxidation (Na+o) value is 140mM, with AP mean values of +20mV to -105mV, whereas abnormal levels such (100%=280mM) with AP mean values of 18mV to -70mV. The exogenous K+ Oxidation (K+o) value is 5.4mM, with AP mean values of +18mV to - 95mV, whereas abnormal levels such (100%=10.8mM) with AP mean values of 10mV to -75mV. Cardiac myocyte Na+, K+, and Ca2+ concentrations tightly govern the AP, yet they change continuously due to typical bodily control of cardiac electricity, flexible, and metabolic conditions. Repolarization happens and peak periods are caused by K+ and Ca2+ levels, whereas depolarization is caused by Na+ ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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