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AbstractAlthough many chefs have developed the habit to practice food waste management in the kitchen, so-called environmental habitus, little is known about how this habitual practice has formed and how/if it has evolved with time. This study combines practice theory and theory of habit formation to explore the (f)actors that have influenced the formation and evolvement of environmental habitus among chefs. Interpretive phenomenological analysis is used to examine the lived experiences of 18 senior chefs in Indonesia who have habitually engaged in food waste management. The study establishes the critical role of mothers in shaping personal outlook of chefs on the importance of food waste reduction. Senior chefs are key for reinforcing this outlook, but also for providing necessary competencies and tools for resourceful cooking. The study highlights family upbringing and on-the-job training as the critical (f)actors in the formation and evolvement of the habitual practice of food waste management among future chefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective lithium recovery from a mixture of LFP-NMC spent lithium batteries presents significant challenges due to differing structures and elemental compositions of the batteries. These differences necessitate a distinct recycling pathway for each, complicating the process for the mixture. This study explored a carbothermal reduction approach combined with water leaching under atmospheric conditions to achieve a selective lithium recovery. For individual NMC black mass, at the optimal carbothermal conditions (950 °C, 15 °C/min, 2 h), lithium recovery of 95.7 ± 0.31% with 100% selectivity could be achieved. However, when the black mass was mixed with that of LFP in a 50:50 ratio, the recovery dropped to 9.78 ± 0.44%. Solid-state reactions during carbothermal process resulted in the formation of highly insoluble Li3PO4, and Fe-Ni-Co/Ni-Co alloys, which hinder lithium dissolution. To address these challenges, Na2CO3 was introduced as an additive to suppress Li3PO4. The addition of Na2CO3 to the 50:50 ratio of LFP-NMC black mass, increased lithium recovery to 59.47% with 100% selectivity. This enhancement was due to the stabilization of lithium as Li2CO3, a water-soluble compound. The results demonstrated that addition of Na2CO3 is a promising strategy for improving lithium recovery from mixed LFP-NMC batteries, providing a potential pathway for a more efficient recycling process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disparities in cervical cancer (CC) screening exist within racial/ethnic minority and immigrant groups. However, few studies have explored the joint influence of race/ethnicity and immigrant status on screening, and the disparities that have been identified by existing studies remain incompletely explained. This study aims to identify the joint influence of race/ethnicity and immigrant status on CC screening and elucidate the barriers contributing to identified disparities. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 25,660 U.S. women from the 2005, 2010, and 2015 National Health Interview Surveys was done. The CC screening up-to-date status of cases was analyzed by race/ethnicity and immigrant status using logistic regression models. Conceptualized mediators were added to models to identify their contribution to identified disparities. Results: All immigrants had lower screening odds than U.S.-born non-Hispanic White women with foreign-born non-Hispanic Asians having the lowest odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.49) followed by foreign-born non-Hispanic White (aOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.36–0.76), Hispanic/Latinx (aOR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47–0.73), and non-Hispanic Black women (aOR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38–0.99). Adjusting for only socioeconomic status or access to care attenuated the aOR: for foreign-born Hispanic/Latinx and non-Hispanic Black women only. Adjusting simultaneously for language and acculturation attenuated the aOR: for all immigrants. Conclusions: Disparities in CC screening were only found in the immigrant populations of various racial/ethnic groups. Targeting insurance and health care access may address disparities in immigrant Hispanic/Latinx and non-Hispanic Black women. Focusing on culturally and linguistically competent care and education may be more crucial for immigrant non-Hispanic Asian and White women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of foreign direct investment (FDI) and socio-political development is debated heavily. Liberals believe that FDI brings economic opportunities and/or increased incentives for peace and security among host societies. Critics suggest that FDI is exploitative, leading to conditions that increase the risk of violence. We take a political economy perspective that views FDI as problematic depending on how FDI affects politically powerful local interests. As such, all forms of FDI should meet domestic opposition, but only FDI in the extractive sector, where domestic political actors have little at stake, escalates to major war. Building on recent work which examines this question pertaining to extractive sector FDI, we introduce sub-national, geo-referenced data on FDI in all sectors for evaluating local conflict using combined data from four distinct geo-referenced conflict databases. Using site-period fixed effects with a difference-in-difference like approach, we find that FDI in all sectors increases local conflict. Conflicts induced by most FDI sectors fall short of becoming civil war, except for extractive sector FDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite being at a lower risk of getting infected by the coronavirus, young children are still at a high risk of various threats that could hamper their development. During the pandemic, young children are vulnerable to multi-dimensional poverty and are also exposed to the risks of violence, especially for those living in poor neighborhoods. This study aimed to explore the experience of mothers in parenting their young children during the COVID-19 pandemic in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Data was gathered from 12 mothers of young children using the photovoice method. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes, which are the rewards and punishment system, focuses on children's manner and attitude, and increased roles of caregivers in parenting. As parenting becomes difficult over time during the pandemic, mothers need support from their immediate neighborhood to provide quality nurture and care for young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Post-modernization has increased infertility globally. Infertility can cause ovarian, breast, and endometrial cancers. Recent studies have shown that a substantial proportion of couples undergoing infertility treatment develop cancer. However, existing studies yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether infertility increases the risk of ovarian cancer. Our systematic review and meta-analysis intended to identify the association between ovarian cancer and infertility based on the existing research. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, this review contains studies on infertility and ovarian cancer as an outcome measure among ovarian cancer groups and those not having cancer. Two authors independently retrieved the articles through electronic databases such as PubMed and Scopus. This review includes 25 studies published worldwide between 2001 and 2022. This systematic review has been registered with the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD CRD42021288860). The systematic review included 25 articles, while the meta-analysis included four. In total, data from 84,49,557 participants in 25 studies were extracted (21 cohort studies and 4 case-control studies). The global prevalence of ovarian cancer among women with a history of infertility was 0.5%. The calculated OR of developing ovarian cancer as a result of infertility was 1.35 (95% CI: 0.92–1.97). The pooled odds ratio of developing ovarian cancer as a result of infertility drug use was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.94–2.46). Pooled effect was shown to be stable and reliable by cumulative meta-analysis. The current meta-analysis showed that women who used infertility drugs had a higher risk of developing OC than those having a history of infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports the outcomes of community participation and quality learning education resulting from the MEMBACA II project. MEMBACA (Making Early Matter through Books and Community Action) is a literacy project that targets young children in Indonesia. The MEMBACA project includes teacher training, community reading activities, and age-appropriate local language material creation to support emergent literacy skills among early-grade children. These skills include letter awareness, single-word reading of most used words, reading fluency, reading accuracy, and reading comprehension. 31 participants involved in this study, purposively selected to be interviewed through the phone. The thematic analysis found that a better learning environment was produced, a code of conduct is now available in schools, and it has helped in mainstreaming a more positive disciplining approach to teachers. This study has also identified that villages are now allocating their village fund for supporting literacy activities, although the process has experienced a setback in the year 2020 due to the pandemic. Further, while teachers' capacities were increased due to various activities, learning environments are still troubled by poor infrastructures and a lack of community awareness. Engagement of communities and local government were mostly improved, with major problem lies in the continuity of the literacy-related activities, affected by various factors including poor advocacy and COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global environmental change’s impact on local realities, which is getting more worrying daily, sparks awareness of the importance of risk reduction, adaptation, and preparedness in the communities, especially children and adolescents vulnerable to disasters and climate change. West Timor of East Nusa Tenggara Province is one of the areas that is at risk of climate change and disaster in Indonesia. This study aim to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and preparedness for disasters and climate change in children living in climate-risk and disaster years. The data were then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. Based on the study’s results, there are two main themes, namely (1) understanding related to disaster risk and climate change and (2) scientific attitudes possessed by students. Identifying the level of understanding and extent of critical thinking ability of children and adolescents that can inform policymakers and advocates to empower children to cope with future disaster risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly porous, self-supported 3D interconnected network-based nanomaterials hold immense promise in revolutionizing the field of catalysis. These materials combine two critical features; a large accessible surface and an overall active surface that leads to substantial catalytic effects. In this study, we developed a novel class of 3D composite material composed of zinc oxide tetrapods (ZOT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer, specifically designed for photocatalysis. A polymer composite of ZOT with PEG has been synthesized with 2.5 wt.% ZOT powder mixed with a PEG solution forming a 3D electrode. A consistent composite solution was obtained using probe-sonication and its thick layers were deposited on various substrates using the spin coating technique which were subsequently characterized for optical, morphological, and structural properties. The catalytic response of the fabricated 3D composite was evaluated both in solution and thin film forms under UV exposure. The surface-engineered ZOT-PEG composites showed an excellent capability to degrade the methylene blue (MB) dye in different forms under UV and normal light, opening their potential scopes in environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Methods: The aim of the study is to analyse the high-resolution CT diagnosis of diffuse lung diseases. Data for the study were collected from patients referred to the Department of Radio diagnosis, G.R.M.C Gwalior for evaluation subjected to HRCT. A cross sectional study performed in >30 years of patients among both sexes were included in the study. They were evaluated with High Resolution Computed Tomography. Results: Out of 160 patients, 9.4% had chest discomfort, 51.9% had cough, 11.3% had fatigue, 18.1% had Shortness of breath and 9.4% had weight loss type of symptoms observed during the study. Conclusion: Diffuse lung disease mainly affects the middle age group and shows female predominance. Diffuse interstitial lung diseases are associated with smoking and chullah. It is also associated with various types of connective tissue disorders. Chest radiography is the first imaging investigation used to evaluate diffuse interstitial lung disease. It is helpful in assessing the pattern of lung disease, i.e., reticular, nodular, ground glass, honeycombing, and traction bronchiectasis. However, it has several limitations, such as obscured or hidden lung zones and limited contrast resolution, which impair sensitivity to subtle alterations in lung density (e.g., ground glass attenuation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Methods: The aim of the study is to determine diagnostic accuracy of CECT in detecting oral squamous cell carcinoma and determining cervical lymph node metastasis in comparision with histopathological analysis. Results: We have observed histological findings as followings: Squamous Cell Carcinoma (76.7%), Chronic Inflammatory (16.7%), Squamous Papilloma (3.3%) and Acute Infective (3.3%). Conclusion: In the present study, buccal mucosa was the commonest site of involvement for OSCC findings. The CT scan sensitivity for OSCC was 82.61%. However, cervical lymph node metastasis had a diagnostic accuracy of 46.67% in a CT scan. The study's limitations suggest that CT scans may not be highly reliable for detecting metastatic cervical lymph nodes in oral SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conduct an analysis of a U(1)B−L extended inert doublet model and obtained the parameter space allowing strong first order phase transitions. We show that a large part of the parameter space can cause double first-order phase transitions. Whereas both of these phase transitions can generate a detectable stochastic gravitational wave background, one of them can create primordial black holes with appreciable abundance. The primordial black holes generated at the high scale transition can account for the dark matter maintaining the correct relic abundance. We also show specific benchmark cases and their consequences from the aspect of primordial black holes and gravitational waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Maternal COVID-19 infection poses a threat to the fetus via the placenta. • Placental histopathological changes in COVID-affected women have been well documented. • Debate is ongoing on whether the changes are due to the virus or immune response against the virus. • Further work is needed to establish exactly how the placenta is affected by maternal COVID infection. SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, can infect various tissues in the body apart from the lungs. Although placental infection remains controversial, COVID-19-associated placental abnormalities have been reported worldwide. Therefore, COVID-19 poses a significant risk for fetal distress as well. Scientists are currently debating whether such distress results from direct viral induced assault or placental damage caused by the mother's immune response. The placenta develops different histopathological lesions in response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. While some studies support both theories, the transmission rate through the placenta remains low. Therefore, a more in-depth study is necessary to determine the primary cause of maternal SARS-CoV-2-induced fetal distress. This comprehensive review is aimed to shed light on the possible reasons towards fetal distress among mothers with COVID-19. This review describes the various mechanisms of viral entry along with the mechanisms by which the virus could affect the placenta. Reported cases of placental abnormalities and fetal distress symptoms have been collated to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on vertical transmission of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes can trigger damage to the male reproductive system and is one of the factors causing infertility in men. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of Hordeum vulgare on spermatogenesis in diabetic rats. This study used a True Experimental Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design research design. The rat samples were male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing around 200 grams, and around 2 months old. The independent variable in this study was Hordeum vulgare and the dependent variables were sperm motility and histopathological features of the rat testes. The data will be processed using Kruskal Wallis test with SPSS. The results showed that there was no significant difference in spermatogenesis of rats between groups. The effect of Hordeum vulgare on the average Johnsen's score and histopathological picture of diabetic rat testes showed that the diabetic rat group fed with Hordeum vulgare had many spermatozoa but irregular germinal epithelium characterized by exfoliation of the lumen compared to the negative control group which had lower score dan greater damage on histopathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low self-confidence is a significant factor contributing to various academic and social difficulties among students, hindering their personal development. Previous research and observations at Padang State University indicate that many students continue to struggle with low self-confidence. This study aims to analyze the relationship between body shaming, self-compassion, and gender on student self-confidence, using a quantitative approach with a 2x2x2 factorial design. A sample of 362 students from the Faculty of Education, spread across six departments, was selected using cluster random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using three-way ANOVA. The results of the study revealed several key findings: (1) Overall, students at the Faculty of Education demonstrated high self-confidence, despite body shaming experiences; (2) In terms of self-compassion, students with higher levels of self-compassion exhibited greater self-confidence on average; (3) Gender did not significantly impact self-confidence, as there was little difference between male and female students; (4) Students who had not experienced body shaming had higher self-confidence than those who had been subjected to it; (5) There were significant differences in self-confidence based on self-compassion, with higher self-compassion correlating with higher selfconfidence, while lower self-compassion was linked to lower self-confidence; and (6) There was no interaction effect between body shaming, self-compassion, and gender in explaining student selfconfidence levels. This indicates that body shaming and self-compassion influence self-confidence similarly for both male and female students. These findings have implications for the development of counseling services in higher education, suggesting that targeted interventions can help improve student selfconfidence, particularly by addressing body shaming and fostering self-compassion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of human voices holds importance across various applications. This study ventures into predicting age, gender, and emotion from vocal cues, a field with vast applications. Voice analysis tech advancements span domains, from improving customer interactions to enhancing healthcare and retail experiences. Discerning emotions aids mental health, while age and gender detection are vital in various contexts. Exploring deep learning models for these predictions involves comparing single, multi-output, and sequential models highlighted in this paper. Sourcing suitable data posed challenges, resulting in the amalgamation of the CREMA-D and EMO-DB datasets. Prior work showed promise in individual predictions, but limited research considered all three variables simultaneously. This paper identifies flaws in an individual model approach and advocates for the novel multi-output learning architecture, the Speech-based Emotion, Gender and Age Analysis (SEGAA) model. The experiments suggest that Multi-output models perform comparably to individual models, efficiently capturing the intricate relationships between variables and speech inputs, all while achieving improved runtime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to employ the Competitive Value Framework (CVF) and its value drivers as indicators for individual perceptions derived from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT). The data was analyzed using the SEM-PLS method. The Reflective Formative Second Order Two-Stage Approach was used for the analysis, where variables related to organizational culture (QC) were examined using formative methods, while variables such as Performance Expectancy (PE), Social Influence (SI), Effort Expectancy (EE), and Behavioral Intention To Use (Bl) were analyzed reflectively. The results revealed a significant correlation between OC and Bl via EE and SI. However, the relationship between QC and Bl via PE was found to be insignificant. This study contributes to theories about organizational culture, and information technology acceptance. On a practical level, these findings can assist decision-makers in paying greater attention to organizational culture when implementing new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the concept of a smart menstrual cup, incorporating advanced technology to address challenges associated with traditional menstrual health management methods. The proposed method, Hybrid Bidirectional Encoder Generative Transformer based Bees Search (Hybrid BEGT-BS), aims to enhance the longevity and reliability of smart menstrual cups. The Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) is employed to extract key information and determine emotional tones related to menstruation, while the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer (BERT) classifies menstrual-related data such as cycle tracking, hygiene, and symptoms. Further different validation metrics such as F1-score, specificity, Area Under the Curve-Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUC-ROC), Mean Squared Error (MSE), recall, energy consumption, accuracy, and precision are employed to assess the method's effectiveness. From the comparative results it demonstrates the superior performance of the Hybrid BEGT-BS method in enhancing the performance of smart menstrual cups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of a bottom explosion on wave generation in an inertial surface, considering the roles of fluid viscosity, wave current, and the nature of a slippery porous sea bottom. The Fourier and Laplace transform techniques are employed to calculate the surface elevation in terms of an infinite integral. Further, the infinite integral is evaluated asymptotically using the stationary-phase approach for larger time and distance values. The influence of viscosity, inertial surface, current, and slip parameters on wave generation is analyzed for different times and distances. The study reveals that the presence of an inertial surface lessens the amplitude of free surface elevation. Further, the free surface elevation's amplitude reduces as the current speed and liquid viscosity approach closer to a small value. In the case of a slippery porous bottom, as the slip parameter increases, the free surface elevation's amplitude decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the nucleation behavior of water in dilute polymeric solutions is quintessential for the development of suitable artificial ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) agents. Although poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is found to be one of the most potent biomimetic IRI agents, the molecular understanding of the nucleation behavior of water in the presence of PVA is still lacking. Here, we use molecular dynamics to elucidate the role of concentration, degree of supercooling, degree of polymerization, and amphiphilicity of PVA and PVA-like polymers on the homogeneous nucleation of water in dilute polymeric solutions using the seeding method. Using classical nucleation theory (CNT), our simulations indicate an increase in the chemical potential difference between ice and melt that favors ice nucleation. However, it also predicts a significant increase in the ice–melt interfacial energy that impedes nucleation. The relative increase in the interfacial energy dominates the increase in the chemical potential difference, which results in a decrease in the nucleation rate of water with an increase in the solute concentration. This study contradicts the previous simulation study that suggested the promotion of homogeneous ice nucleation by PVA and supports the experimental observations of the heterogeneous origins of ice nucleation. Our results also suggest the non-classical origins of ice nucleation in polymeric solutions and the limitation of the CNT in predicting heterogeneous ice nucleation in polymeric solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to population growth and climate changes, there is a rising need for alternative food and protein sources to reduce protein scarcity and the environmental impact of food industries. Single‐cell proteins (SCPs) have the potential to partially or fully substitute plant‐ and animal‐derived dietary proteins. Bacillus subtilis is an appealing bacterium for SCP production because of its fast growth and ability to obtain high protein and essential amino acid (AA) content in its biomass. It is also capable of utilizing a wide range of substrates. B. subtilis attractiveness and efficiency can be further enhanced using mutagenesis. In this study, a novel approach to creating mutant strains with enhanced protein and AA content was experimentally validated. The method is based on the application of AA inhibitors for selective pressure to ensure the growth of mutants with enhanced protein and/or AA synthesis capacity. For AA inhibitors, three herbicides were used: glufosinate–ammonium (GA), L‐methionine sulfoximine (MSO), and S‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐L‐cysteine (AEC). Initially, AA inhibitor doses for the complete inhibition of wild‐type (WT) B. subtilis strain were determined. Then, B. subtilis was treated with EMS chemical mutagen and created mutants were cultivated on a medium containing inhibitory dose of AA inhibitors. Growing samples were selected, analyzed, and compared. The optimal inhibitory concentrations of herbicides for mutant selection were 0.05–0.4 M for GA, 0.01–0.05 M for MSO, and 0.2 M for AEC. The best‐performing mutants were selected when using GA—improvement of 7.1 times higher biomass content, 1.5 times higher protein concentration, 1.2 times higher AA content, and 1.2 times higher essential AA index was achieved in comparison with WT B. subtilis. Enhanced mutants were also successfully selected when using MSO and AEC. This study demonstrates the potential of using AA inhibitors for the selection of mutants with improved protein and AA profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of structural design standards, from empirical approaches to modern precision, has significantly impacted seismic evaluation and building safety. Indonesia's adoption of seismic standards in 2002, aligned with global practices like ASCE, introduced notable shifts in seismic design philosophy. This study offers a novel comparison of the seismic performance of a forty-story office building in Jakarta designed under SNI 1726:2002 versus the updated SNI 1726:2019. The unique focus of this research lies in evaluating how the shift from a uniform risk philosophy to a uniform hazard philosophy, alongside changes in earthquake return periods, affects structural safety and performance criteria. A comprehensive seismic evaluation was conducted using both nonlinear static (pushover) and nonlinear time-history analyses (NLTHA), with performance criteria based on ASCE 41-17's Life Safety and Collapse Prevention levels. By employing both methods, this study uniquely highlights discrepancies between traditional pushover analysis and the more rigorous NLTHA, a comparison rarely explored in the context of Indonesia's seismic standards. The results revealed significant disparities between the two methods. While pushover analysis exposes potential beam failure under the Collapse Prevention criteria, the NLTHA results suggest a more resilient behavior, indicating that the structure may perform better under real seismic events. These findings emphasize the limitations of pushover analysis and underscore the importance of more detailed nonlinear time-history analyses in accurately assessing the seismic performance of buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between digital transformation (DT) and dynamic capabilities (DC) has been extensively studied in various industries; however, their implications in the construction sector are lagging. The study uses the PRISMA framework and NVivo to systematically review 63 peer-reviewed journal articles, examining how DT and related technologies like BIM, AI, and the IoT are integrated into the global construction industry. Findings reveal that while these technologies enhance operational efficiency and innovation, they face barriers such as cultural resistance, high costs, and skill shortages. The analysis highlights the essential role of DC in understanding and facilitating the effective integration of DT into construction. The paper indicates the need for future studies to develop strategic frameworks and regulatory guidelines for successful DT implementation. Further, it identifies the long-term environmental and sustainability impacts of DT as crucial areas for future research, emphasizing the importance of addressing both technological and socio-economic aspects. Additionally, it encourages stakeholders involved in the DT process to acquire the necessary skills required for technology implementation and DT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprise Architecture (EA) plays an important role as an enabler of digital transformation with strategic objectives, especially in digital government initiatives. Despite its potential, EA implementation in the public sector faces challenges such as complex organizational structures, diverse stakeholder interests, and regulatory constraints. This study aims to systematically review the literature to identify critical success factors that influence the success of EA implementation in government and propose a comprehensive maturity evaluation methodology. Using a systematic literature review of 48 studies published between 2018 and 2024, this research identifies key factors such as strategic alignment, governance, human resource capabilities, and stakeholder engagement as critical to achieving effective EA implementation. It also introduces an EA maturity evaluation model designed for the public sector to assess and improve EA practices. The citizen-centric aspect is the novelty of this research where the factors in this aspect characterize the implementation of EA in the digital government sector. The findings provide insights and academic contributions in expanding the study of EA in the public sector as well as providing practical guidance for government agencies to improve their EA maturity so that accelerated digital transformation can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tackling the challenge created by antibiotic resistance requires understanding the mechanisms behind its evolution. Like any evolutionary process, the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is driven by the underlying variation in a bacterial population and the selective pressures acting upon it. Importantly, both selection and variation will depend on the scale at which resistance evolution is considered (from evolution within a single patient to the host population level). While laboratory experiments have generated fundamental insights into the mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance evolution, the technological advances in whole genome sequencing now allow us to probe antibiotic resistance evolution beyond the lab and directly record it in individual patients and host populations. Here we review the evolutionary forces driving antibiotic resistance at each of these scales, highlight gaps in our current understanding of AMR evolution, and discuss future steps toward evolution-guided interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermoelectric (TE) cooling and heating are suitable for blood storage cabinet applications due to their portability, low power consumption, no noise, and being environmentally friendly. The temperature range for blood refrigerated storage is 4.0±2.0 °C then, before the blood is injected into the human body, it must gradually warm up to 37±1.0 °C within 10 minutes. However, it could be sensitive to environmental temperature control. Therefore, this study investigates thermoelectric cooling and heating to explore the temperature performance under various case studies, including operational voltages during cooling and heating, ambient temperature, and the load of the blood storage cabinet. The results demonstrated that the blood heater/cooler system can cool to 4.0 °C for 12 V power input and heat up to 37 °C for 3.0 to 4.0 V power input. It verifies that our novel thermoelectric system design can be applied in the blood storage cabinet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cognitive aspect is crucial in developing interactive and adaptive systems, including learning management systems (LMS). By understanding human cognitive processes, developers can create adaptive systems that are sustainably used by targeted users. Cognitive traits need to be explored to become part of the user model, especially especially to develop an LMS with an adaptive interface based on cognitive load. However, there is limited research exploring the correlation between cognitive load and adaptive interfaces, as well as the visualization of information, within online learning settings, including those specifically within LMS platforms. Additionally, a lack of understanding of cognitive processes renders the use of LMS static and unable to adapt to learners' abilities. Therefore, information regarding the specific characteristics or model of cognitive load that accurately represent LMS users as triggers for adaptive interfaces needs to be further examined. A total of four experts in the cognitive field were interviewed. The interview process was conducted in a semi-structured manner to obtain information about problems in the use of e-learning, the nature of cognitive, and the process of capturing cognitive load during learning using LMS. By using a soft system methodology, the results from the interviews are mapped into a cognitive load-based LMS user model design. The initial model design includes information on working memory capacity, task performance (time, true/false rate), learning behavior (learner log), physiological (in a lab scale), and self-reporting (Likert scale). This model design is a promising first step towards a more technical process in developing adaptive and interactive systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence and prognostic characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults. METHODOLOGY: This study's quantitative observational approach utilized the Cox proportional hazards model. This study was conducted from January to June 2024 in Manado City's urban regions. Data was collected at nearby community health centres and senior care institutions to guarantee participant accessibility and convenience. This study included older adults aged 60 or older living in urban settings. Based on power estimates, a sample size of 550 participants was chosen to guarantee adequate statistical power to identify significant correlations between predictive factors and the occurrence of T2DM. Medical examination (BMI, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose) and structured interviews were used. The participants willing to provide informed consent were included, while exclusions included severe comorbidities and cognitive impairment. The studies were conducted using SPSS version 25. RESULTS: In the study population, T2DM was prevalent in 45% of cases. The key prognostic factors discovered included dietary habits, degree of physical activity, body mass index, and family history of Diabetes. T2DM was found to be predicted by unhealthy eating habits (HR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.10-2.39), low physical activity (HR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.02-2.33), high body mass index (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.25-2.80), and a family history of Diabetes (HR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.42-3.25). CONCLUSION: The high incidence of Diabetes in older adults makes it essential to intervene in diet, physical activity and weight control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effects of compensation and work-related stress on employee retention, with job satisfaction acting as a mediating factor within Indonesia's guarantee company sector. A quantitative approach was used, involving 216 permanent employees from guarantee companies who had been employed for at least one year. Data was gathered through an online survey using a 5-point Likert scale, and analysis was conducted with SMART PLS. The findings reveal that compensation has a positive impact on job satisfaction, while work stress negatively affects it. Additionally, job satisfaction significantly boosts employee retention. Interestingly, the direct influence of compensation and work stress on employee retention was not statistically significant. However, job satisfaction strongly mediates the relationship between compensation and employee retention (suggesting a positive mediation) as well as the relationship between work stress and employee retention (indicating a negative mediation). These results provide valuable insights into the factors affecting employee retention in the guarantee industry and offer practical suggestions for organizations aiming to improve their retention strategies. This research uniquely integrates compensation, work stress, job satisfaction, and employee retention into one framework, particularly within the less-explored context of the guarantee sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the direction of press law research trends, identify relationships between other scientific concepts based on press law keywords. The method used in this research is bibliometric analysis, the data used was taken from Scopus in the period 2013-2023. Data collection was carried out based on the Scopus database. Data collection was carried out using Publish or Perish software as metadata with a total of 26 articles obtained. Data analysis was carried out using Vosviewer software as a bibliometric analysis medium. The results of the research show that press law research mapping has increased, in terms of quantity it has increased. The highest publication growth occurred in 2021, reaching 28 journals (23%), while in 2005 the lowest publication was 2 publications (2%), in 2013 there were no Scopus publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolitical developments in Southeast Asia have become the center of attention of major world powers, especially the United States and China. ASEAN, through the ADMM and ADMM-Plus forums, plays an important role in maintaining regional security stability. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's role in realizing security stability in the ASEAN region in the midst of great power competition. The research methods used are qualitative with in-depth interviews, case studies, and secondary data analysis from various sources, including policy reports and official government statements. The results of the study show that Indonesia plays a role as a diplomatic mediator, a reinforcer of regional cooperation, and a defender of ASEAN sovereignty. ADMMPlus also faces challenges in expanding membership, which requires careful geopolitical considerations. In conclusion, Indonesia has a crucial role in maintaining regional stability through multilateral cooperation and conflict resolution efforts in ASEAN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research describes the governance practices of the commons in Bali, including land, water sources, coastal areas, and forests, which are communally owned and managed. The relationship between the state and the community has led to changes in this governance. The author examines the practice of governing the commons in the context of post-New Order Bali, offering an alternative to dominant governance that often overlooks the common welfare. This is a qualitative study that utilizes a case study method to explore alternative governance of the commons in Bali. The study examines the governance of the commons in Tenganan Pegringsingan and the Masyarakat Adat Dalem Tamblingan, and finds that community groups (Sekaa) are directly involved in the management of the commons. Furthermore, it appears that government intervention in village affairs has had detrimental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transgender people experience distress due to gender incongruence (i.e., a discrepancy between their gender identity and sex assigned at birth). Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) is a part of gender reassignment treatment. The therapeutic goals of the treatment are to develop the physical characteristics of the affirmed gender as far as possible. Guidelines have been developed for GAHT, which recommend dosage as well as different formulations of oestrogen and testosterone for treatment. Questions arise about the metabolic side effects of hormone treatment. Establishing reference ranges for common analytes in transgender individuals remains a task for laboratory medicine. It has been suggested once GAHT is commenced, the reference ranges for affirmed gender are reported for red blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit. For transgender assigned-female-at-birth (AFAB) people, testosterone concentrations are recommended to be within the reference interval established for cisgender men and for transgender assigned-male-at-birth (AMAB) people, estradiol concentrations are within the reference range for cisgender women. Sex-specific reference ranges are available for certain laboratory tests, and these may be organ (e.g., heart)-specific. Transgender-specific reference ranges may be a requirement for such tests. Laboratories may need to make decisions on how to report other tests in the transgender population, e.g., eGFR. Interpretation of further tests (e.g., reproductive hormones) can be individualized depending on clinical information. Electronic medical record systems require fields for gender identity/biological sex at birth so that laboratory results can be flagged appropriately. In this review, we aim to summarise the current position of the role of the laboratory in the clinical care of the transgender individual. Prior to the review, we will summarise the genetics of sex determination, the aetiology of gender incongruence, and the recommendations for GAHT and monitoring for the transgender population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physicians are frequently faced with ethical dilemmas that require answers based in moral reasoning, which develops and evolves during their lives and their medical education. According to Kohlberg, there are three levels of moral reasoning development: pre-conventional (in which decisions are guided by oneself convenience), conventional (focused on obeying society’s rules), and post-conventional (decisions are based in universal ethical principles). The aim of this study was to describe the level of moral reasoning among new pediatric resident physicians in a tertiary hospital. Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 2020 to 2023. The Defining Issues Test was used to assess the level of moral reasoning among 195 new pediatric resident physicians in a tertiary hospital. Results: Most resident physicians considered the fourth stage affirmations to be the most important. The median P-index (PI) was 40, and 49% of participants were on the post-conventional level of moral reasoning. The year with the lowest number of new resident physicians on the post-conventional level was 2021. Conclusion: The moral reasoning level among pediatric resident physicians was higher than the average found in general population. This suggests that the education received during the medical formation may influence the individuals’ moral development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans (DCPA) is a chronic superficial folliculitis that can cause scarring alopecia if left untreated. Hardly any studies are there describing the dermoscopic features of DCPA. Dermoscopy can be a useful tool for diagnosing DCPA in addition to clinical and histopathological features and for differentiating other conditions like superficial folliculitis, folliculitis decalvans, and pseudofolliculitis. Aims/Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the dermoscopic features of 30 patients with DCPA at a tertiary care center in South India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of clinical and biopsy-proven cases of DCPA at a tertiary care center in South India. Results: Thirty patients of DCPA of skin phototype IV or V were studied. Male preponderance of DCPA was noted in our study. Lower extremities 28 (93.3%) and upper extremities 2 (6.7%) were the common sites of involvement. The most common findings noted in dermoscopy were follicular-based pustules in 30 (100%) patients, follicular white structureless area in 16 (53.3%), perifollicular collarette of scales in 12 (40%), diffuse background dotted blood vessels in 12 (40%), and the absence of follicular orifices in 12 (40%). Other findings were yellow or hemorrhagic scales, perifollicular linear white lines, broken hair, and perifollicular dotted blood vessels. Pigmentary patterns observed were dark brown pigmentation, blue–grey globules, blue–grey dots, and accentuation of the pigmentary network. Limitations: The limitations of the study were the retrospective nature of the study, the small sample size, and the lack of a comparison group. Conclusion: The predominant dermoscopic features observed in our patients were follicular-based pustules, follicular white structureless areas, perifollicular collarette of scales, diffuse background dotted blood vessels, and the absence of follicular orifices. Vascular and pigmentary patterns were less commonly noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water spinach (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) is a short-lived plant that is highly nutritious, containing vitamins A, B, and C, protein, calcium, phosphorus, sitosterol, and minerals, especially iron, which are beneficial for body growth and health. The objectives of this study are to determine the significant interaction between organic (vermicompost) and inorganic (NPK) fertilizers on the growth and yield of water spinach and to identify the optimal dosages of vermi-compost and NPK fertilizers that have the best effect on its growth. The study was conducted in Tegalsari Village, Plered District, Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. The research was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with a factorial pattern consisting of two factors: the dose of VermiCompost (K) and the dosage of NPK (N) Mutiara 16:16:16 (N). The results showed that a combination of rice straw compost at 14 tons/ha and 200 kg/ha of the NPK was found to be the best dose for achieving the highest values for plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh weight of the plants at 24 days after planting (DAP). The best results were achieved with the combination of K3 and N3 treatments, which provided the best results in terms of plant height and leaf area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Calotes genus presents a challenge due to the complexity of its species. However, research on the cryptic species complex within the Indonesian Calotes genus is still lacking. This study aims to determine the extent of genetic relationships and assess the potential existence of a species complex within the Indonesian genus Calotes (Daudin, 1802) (Squamata, Agamidae) using the partial Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit 1 (COI) gene sequence as a molecular marker. Samples of the Indonesian Calotes genus in this study were collected from South Lampung (Lampung), Bogor (West Java), and Langkat (North Sumatra). By aligning 582 bp sequence similarities with reference sequences in GenBank, we confirmed that seven out of eight samples analyzed belonged to Calotes vultuosus, while one sample was identified as Calotes versicolor. The identity values ranged from 96 to 100%. The C. vultuosus samples in this study displayed lower genetic distances, ranging from 0 to 3%, with the reference C. vultuosus sequence from Indonesia compared to the reference sequence from India, which ranged from 6 to 9%. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction, utilizing both maximum likelihood with IQ-Tree and Bayesian Inference with BEAST methods, further supports these findings. It reveals distinct groupings between C. vultuosus samples from Indonesia and India. These results suggest the potential occurrence of a species complex within the Indonesian genus Calotes. Furthermore, the inclusion of eight COI gene sequences from two Calotes species in the GenBank database has the potential to confirm the existence of previously undocumented species in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination implementation became mandatory after the issuance of Presidential Regulation no. 14 of 2021 concerning amendments to Presidential Regulation no. 99 of 2020 concerning Procurement of Vaccines and Implementation of Vaccinations in the Context of Combating the 2019 Coroiva Virus Dtsease (Covid-19) Pandemic. 14 of 2021 concerning amendments to Presidential Regulation no. 99 of 2020 concerning Procurement of Vaccines and Implementation of Vaccinations in the Context of Overcoming the Covid-19 Pandemic. this is contrary to Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Produce in Article 4. The results of the research show that the Implementation of Vaccinations is mandatory. Conflict of regulations regarding Vaccine obligations based on Presidential Regulation. In this case the Regulations President No. 14 of 2021 concerning amendments to Presidential Regulation no. 99 of 2020 concerning Procurement of Vaccines and Implementation of Vaccinations in the Context of Handling the 2019 Coroiva Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic, it is the opposite, however, due to the massive spread of the Covid 19 virus plus the declaration of a health emergency, it is based on the principle of Salus populi suprema est where the safety of the people is more important. What is meant in this case is that under the threat of situations and emergencies, the safety of the people must be the most important goal, including if the rule of law must be set aside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a technique that improves the applicability of the result obtained by Cordero et al. in 2024 for solving nonlinear equations. Cordero et al. assumed the involved operator to be differentiable at least five times to extend a two-step p-order method to order p + 3 . We obtained the convergence order of Cordero et al.'s method by assuming only up to the third-order derivative of the operator. Our analysis is in a more general commutative Banach algebra setting and provides a radius of the convergence ball. Finally, we validate our theoretical findings with several numerical examples. Also, the concept of basin of attraction is discussed with examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indoor air quality and thermal comfort affect occupant comfort and productivity. Thermal comfort supports productivity, while indoor air quality maintains occupant health. However, occupants are the main source of CO2, which is the main index for indoor pollutants in educational buildings due to many occupants gathering in one room. This study investigates the performance of applying a total heat exchanger for diluting CO2. Besides, the thermal comfort of the occupants has been evaluated extensively as the total heat exchanger also reduces the fresh air temperature. An office area with 14 graduate students seated in a meeting was investigated. Questionnaires and field measurements were conducted simultaneously. Time-varying indoor air quality (CO2 concentration) was assessed using CFD. The numerical simulation program also contained user defined function based predicted mean vote algorithms to determine occupant thermal comfort. The results indicated that without using total heat exchanger, the CO2 concentration gradually rises until it reaches a maximum of 1400 ppm inside the room. This condition occurs because there is no air change between indoor and fresh air, mainly due to the lack of fresh air supply and reliance on split air conditioning for circulation. With total heat exchanger, the concentration could lower to below 1000 ppm. In addition, it also could make room temperature slightly lower, with the overall temperature average in this study being 24.5 °C without total heat exchanger and 24.1 °C when total heat exchanger is operated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Episomal AMA1‐based plasmids are increasingly used for expressing biosynthetic pathways and CRISPR/Cas systems in filamentous fungi cell factories due to their high transformation efficiency and multicopy nature. However, the gene expression from AMA1 plasmids has been observed to be highly heterogeneous in growing mycelia. To overcome this limitation, here we developed next‐generation AMA1‐based plasmids that ensure homogeneous and strong expression. We achieved this by evaluating various degradation tags fused to the auxotrophic marker gene on the AMA1 plasmid, which introduces a more stringent selection pressure throughout multicellular fungal growth. With these improved plasmids, we observed in Aspergillus nidulans a 5‐fold increase in the expression of a fluorescent reporter, a doubling in the efficiency of a CRISPRa system for genome mining, and a up to a 10‐fold increase in the production of heterologous natural product metabolites. This strategy has the potential to be applied to diverse filamentous fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vertebrate scavenging on human remains is occasionally observed at indoor forensic scenes, especially when pets have access to the body and their deceased owners were socially distanced. Pets feeding on corpses have implications for the forensic investigation, e.g. for trauma analysis and the assessment of the cause of death, the estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI), or the recovery of the complete set of remains. Documentation of potential scavenging in forensic practice is tenuous and needs to be improved in order to be able to use the information for future casework. Investigators need to be aware of the alterations pets can cause to human remains and how these affect further analyses. Following a combined literature review for cat and canine scavenging, we present seven new cases from Switzerland with cat and/or dog involvement. We then created a flowchart guide for a systematic collection of data to use at indoor forensic scenes of suspected scavenging. Our literature review revealed the challenge in discriminating between scavenging by domestic cats and dogs, based on the appearance of the lesions alone. Furthermore, the information that is often routinely collected in indoor fatalities with potential scavenging activity is not sufficient to perform this separation. To provide a practical basis for cat and canine scavenging and its differentiation, we summarise strategies and present a flowchart to use in forensic casework of suspected indoor scavenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Metabolite screening was achieved by using standard qualitative tests. • Bioactive metabolites were separated and identified by De-replication approach, coupling HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS with MZmine 3, global natural products social molecular networking (GNPS) and METLIN Gen2. • Microwave digestion was used to extract metals for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. • Health risk assessment was achieved by determining estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotients (HQ), and carcinogenic risk (CR). The bark of Entandrophragma delevoyi De Wild (E. delevoyi) is widely used in the Zambian traditional health care system as a very effective medicinal plant. Nevertheless, little is known about the phytochemicals affiliated with the ethno-pharmacological uses of the plant. Further, the heavy metals safety of consuming the plant for medicinal purposes remains unknown. In this study, metabolite profiling of the methanolic stem bark extract of E. delevoyi was performed using a de-replication approach by coupling HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS with MZmine 3 based two molecular networking approaches, that is, GNPS (global natural products social molecular networking) and METLIN Gen2. Varieties of metabolites were tentatively identified for the first time in E. delevoyi. Health risk assessment was achieved by analysing the presence and concentration of heavy metals such as Ag, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, U and Zn using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Further, estimated daily intake (EDI), hazard quotients (HQ), and carcinogenic risk were determined. The utilization of qualitative tests to screen metabolite classes and the molecular networking tools revealed a detailed phytochemical profile of this medicinal plant species. Qualitative metabolite screening tests revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, anthocyanins, and tannins in the methanol extract. LCMS2 coupled to mzmine3.6 revealed the presence of thirty-five metabolites from MoNA database. In addition, LCMS2-GNPS revealed the presence of twenty-six metabolites, and LCMS-METLIN Gen2 revealed a further sixteen compounds. Furthermore, total polyphenolic content and antioxidant (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazylhydrate - DPPH) capacities were assayed. Total phenolic content was 169.46 ± 0.71 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content was 53.14 ± 1.78 mg QE/g. The crude extract had significant total polyphenolic content and antioxidant potential (IC 50 = 48.91 µg/mL) compared to the standard, ascorbic acid (IC 50 = 74.47 µg/mL). This plant, full of bioactive compounds and significant antioxidant properties, offers unique health solutions and robust possibilities for future drug development and pharmacology research. Although the bark of E. delevoyi possesses many health-promoting bioactive metabolites, the heavy metals evaluated in the bark of E. delevoyi in this study have carcinogenic risk (Al, 0.096; Cd, 0.002; Cr, 1.271; Ni, 0.024). Based on the non-carcinogenic health risk evaluation, E. delevoyi bark may be safe. However, its safety can only be determined if the plant's health risks are fully described in extensive chronic toxicity tests. E. delevoyi should therefore be used with caution in medicinal preparations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]