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Penicillin was the first antibacterial drug discovered in the world. Now it has been developed to be a family of antimicrobial drugs containing β-lactam, which is widely used in clinic. This article introduces the penicillin family and its main members in the form of a live interview recording. Through a dialogue between representatives of the penicillin family and the host, the antibacterial mechanism, characteristics, and clinical applications of the penicillin family members are vividly presented to the public. It aims to promote people's awareness of the rational use of antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the dramatic increase in the scales of e-commerce livestreaming the number of e-commerce livestreaming users has reached 48. 8% of the overall Internet users in China. The huge supply demand requires live e-commerce stores to improve their dispatching efficiency and reduce inventory. Therefore in order to avoid retailers' profit loss it is necessary to find a more accurate method to predict livestreaming sales. The sales prediction methods mainly include traditional statistical methods and machine learning algorithms. Due to the instability of livestreaming sales and the large number of influencing factors traditional statistical methods often fail to predict the sales accurately. To complete the index system of livestreaming sales prediction and improve the accuracy of livestreaming sales prediction this paper adopted a variety of machine learning algorithms BP neural network decision tree DT random forest RF K-nearest neighbor KNN and support vector machine SVM analyzed the influencing factors of apparel livestreaming sales predicted apparel livestreaming sales and selected the best performing algorithms. The detailed research process is as follows. Firstly 17 influencing factors of livestreaming sales were selected through literature review and nine most important influencing factors were selected by using Spearman' s correlation coefficient combined with significance. Secondly different machine learning algorithms were used to establish clothing sales prediction models and the method of 5-fold cross-validation was adopted to initially screen out three algorithms RF KNN and SVM with high and stable model fit with R² as an indicator. Finally the parameters of the three algorithms were optimized and then three prediction models were constructed. R² MAE RMSE and MAPE were used as evaluation indexes and the optimal algorithms were selected by using the method of 5-fold cross-validation to test the performance of each model. The results of the study show that the multicollinearity between the nine factors number of fans of the anchor average number of viewers of the anchor in the last 30 days average pit output of the anchor in the last 30 days product price duration of product explanation historical sales of the product in the last 30 days number of fans of the brand historical sales of the brand in the last 30 days and discounts is weak and their correlation with the livestreaming sales is significant. Therefore these nine factors can be used as influencing factors in the prediction model. Among the influencing factors the correlation among product sales in the last 30 days the duration of product explanation and livestreaming sales is the highest. In the meanwhile the prediction algorithms KNN and RF perform better with R² being greater than 0. 98 and MAPE within 30. 5% . Compared with the KNN algorithm the RF algorithm is more stable and its R² RMSE and MAE perform better than those of the KNN algorithm. But the MAPE of the KNN algorithm is smaller than that of the RF algorithm for which the possible reason is that the KNN algorithm is more accurate in predicting low sales items and the relative error is smaller. According to the result of 5-fold cross-validation the RF algorithm is more stable compared with the KNN algorithm and the possible reason is that the KNN algorithm is more suitable for the dataset with more similar data features. Therefore RF can be used as the main prediction algorithm in practical applications to ensure the stability of the overall sales trend prediction. In predicting the sales of the same brand or the same category the similarity between the data is higher and then the KNN algorithm can be considered for prediction. This paper compares the performance of various prediction algorithms on livestreaming sales prediction optimizes the parameters and improves the accuracy of livestreaming sales prediction. The prediction results can help retailers make inventory planning adjust production schedules develop marketing strategies and provide data support for product purchasing pricing and promotion. Due to the fact that only some of the easily quantifiable influencing factors are explored in this paper and the sample distribution is limited future research can expand the scope of sample selection and further improve the predictive indicator system to achieve more accurate predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to make the concrete have a higher strength with a lower dry apparent density and better durability, the clay and shale ceramsites were incorporated into the concrete, aiming to explore a method for preparing Lightweight High- Strength Concrete(LWHSC) with 28 d dry apparent density not exceeding 1 950 kg/m3 and 28 d strength not less than 50 MPa. The effects of clay and shale ceramsites on compressive strength, dry apparent density and durability of LWHSC were studied. The results show that the failure pattern of the compressive strength specimens of LWHSC prepared is no different from that of ordinary concrete, but the dry apparent density of LWHSC can be effectively reduced by partially replacing shale ceramics with clay ceramics. Proper increase of cementitious materials and the optimization of the co-doping ratio of ceramsites can improve the durability property of other materials except frost resistance. The research results can provide reference for understanding, optimizing and developing LWHSC co-doped with shale and clay ceramsite and its application in engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and to establish a predictive model. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 585 ACLF patients who were admitted to Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, from January 2009 to September 2022, and according to the condition of pulmonary infection after admission, they were divided into infection group with 213 patients and non-infection group with 372 patients. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The clinical data of these patients were collected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for pulmonary infection in ACLF patients and establish a predictive model, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the predictive value of the model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to evaluate the degree of fitting of the model, and the ROC curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to assess the predictive performance of the model. Results Among the 585 patients with ACLF, 213 experienced pulmonary infection, with an infection rate of 36.41%. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that upper gastrointestinal bleeding (odds ratio [OR] =2.463, P=0.047), infection at other sites (OR=2.218, P=0.004), femoral vein catheterization (OR=2.520, P<0.001), and combined use of two or more antibiotics (OR=2.969, P<0.001) were risk factors for pulmonary infection in ACLF patients. These factors were included in the risk factor predictive model of Logit (P)=−1.869+0.901×upper gastrointestinal bleeding+0.755×infection at other sites+0.924× femoral vein catheterization+1.088×combined use of two or more antibiotics. The ROC curve analysis showed that the model had a good predictive value (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ² =3.839, P=0.698), with an AUC of 0.753 (95% confidence interval: 0.700—0.772). Conclusion There is a relatively high incidence rate of pulmonary infection in patients with ACLF, and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, spontaneous peritonitis, femoral vein catheterization, and combined use of two or more antibiotics are related risk factors. The model established based on these factors can effectively predict the onset of pulmonary infection in ACLF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enhance the robustness of longitudinal protection in LCC-MMC hybrid cascaded HVDC transmission systems, a longitudinal protection scheme of HVDC transmission based on longitudinal impedance and improved Bhattacharyya distance algorithm was proposed. The difference of the electric capacity at the first and last ends of the protected line was quantified by combining the Bhattacharyya distance algorithm with longitudinal impedance protection in this scheme, and the faults inside and outside the area were determined through the quantified data. Then, the fault pole selection criterion was constructed based on the energy function to ensure the reliability of the protection. Furthermore, an improved adaptive sliding window was constructed by fractal dimension, which improved the rapidity of protection. Finally, the ±800 kV LCC-MMC hybrid cascaded HVDC transmission system model of “Baijiang Project” was established on Matlab and PSCAD/EMTDC platforms, and the improved protection scheme was verified. Simulation results show that the proposed protection scheme can identify faults inside and outside the region quickly and reliably, correctly select fault poles and has a better resistance to transition resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the problems of traditional anomalous power usage detection in the face of the curse of dimensionality in highdimensional data, and the impact of irrelevant features on anomaly detection, resulting in low detection accuracy. An isolated forest detection algorithm based on unsupervised density subspace selection was proposed. First, an effective density-based compact data representation method was proposed to improve the efficiency of the subspace selection strategy. Then, the minimum redundancymaximum correlation-density criterion (mRMRD) was applied to select the relevant mutual information-based subspaces. Finally, isolated trees are constructed and isolated forests were integrated in the correlated subspaces to achieve the detection of abnormal electricity consumption data. Through experimental analysis, the proposed method improves the accuracy, area under the ROC curve (area under curve, AUC), and F1 indexes compared with the traditional detection algorithm, which effectively improves the abnormal electricity usage detection. Meanwhile, the sensitivity analysis also verifies the effectiveness of the unsupervised density subspace isolated forest detection algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest progress and future development direction of algae granular sludge wastewater treatment and resource utilization process are reviewed・ The cultivation and formation mechanism of algae granular sludge were analyzed, and the key environmental factors affecting the process of algae granular sludge were analyzed from the aspects of light, temperature and stirring, and the advantages of the process in the context of carbon neutrality were introduced・ The development prospect of outdoor technology of algae granular sludge in the future and the related problems that may be faced are summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the changes in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH)D) levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and to analyze their correlations with the onset of PD and their predictive efficiency on the onset of PD in order to clarify the significance of VDR gene polymorphisms and changes in serum 25 (OH)D levels. Methods Totally 178 PD patients (PD group) and 185 healthy subjects (control group) during the same period were included. PCR and DNA sequencing methods were used to detect the genotyping of VDR gene FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410) sites, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect peripheral serum 25 (OH)D. The above indicators between the two groups were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for the onset of PD; ROC was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels for the onset of PD. Results The frequencies of T allele and TT genotype of FokI site in the PD group were 48.6% and 25.3% respectively, and 37.7% and 15.1% in the control group, respectively. Comparing the two groups, χ2 were 8.516 and 10.383, respectively, and P were 0.004 and 0.001, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the alleles or genotypes of the BsmI locus between the PD group and the control group (all P＞0.05). The serum 25 (OH)D level in the PD group was (16.06±6.04) ng/mL, and that in the control group was (19.22±6.32) ng/mL (t=–4.873, P=0.000). The serum 25 (OH)D levels of patients with TC type and CC type in the PD group were lower than those in the control group (t=–3.093, 3.329, respectively; P=0.002, 0.001, respectively). When the serum 25 (OH)D levels were consistent, patients with genotypes TT and TC were 2. 527 and 1. 888 times more likely to develop PD than patients with genotype CC, respectively (all P＜0.05). When the genotypes were consistent, patients with deficient serum 25 (OH)D level were 1.918 times more likely to develop PD than those with sufficient level (P＜0.05). As for genotype TT patients with 25 (OH)D deficiency, and genotype TC patients with 25 (OH)D deficiency, their risks of developing PD were 4.818 and 3.822 times that of genotype CC patients with sufficient 25 (OH)D, respectively (all P＜0.05). The AUC under ROC of FokI locus genotype TT in predicting the onset of PD was 0. 610, 95%CI was 0. 532–0.687, the diagnostic cut-off value was 0.502, the sensitivity was 74.5%, and the specificity was 47.4%; The AUC under the ROC of lack of serum 25 (OH)D level in predicting the onset of PD was 0.576, the 95%CI was 0.517–0.635, the diagnostic cut-off value was 0.466, the sensitivity was 72. 5%, and the specificity was 42.7%, respectively; the AUC under ROC of genotype TT combined with serum 25 (OH)D deficiency in predicting the onset of PD was 0. 693, 95%CI was 0.588–0.798, the sensitivity was 64.2%, and the specificity was 74. 5%, respectively. Conclusions The frequencies of the T allele and TT genotype at the FokI site of the VDR gene are high, and the serum 25 (OH)D level is low; the T allele at the FokI site and vitamin D deficiency can promote the occurrence of PD individually or together, and both of them have poor predictive efficiency for the risk of PD onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A gold mine in Inner Mongolia produces about 73 t solid waste annually that runs up the leaching heap with barren solution, of which about 40 t is powdered carbon with a gold loading of 373 g per ton. While gold is lost along with the powdered carbon, some gold is also captured by the powdered carbon during heap leaching. The filter bags arranged in a pipeline layout are not satisfactory. In this study, the filter material deposition method was employed to collect the powdered carbon from the barren solution. The filter material was folded into a certain shape and placed in a barren solution tank for the natural deposition of the carbon. 3 types of filter materials were selected based on the properties of the powered carbon and barren solution, and surface roughness tests were conducted. The effects of different filter materials on the powered carbon deposition were compared through experiments, and it was found that the deposition capacity was positively correlated with the surface roughness of the filter material. The deposition rate was determined through kinetic experiments, showing an initial increase and then a decrease over time. The deposition capacity was affcted by the filter material pore size, with the best performance observed when the pore size was 1.5 times the powdered carbon particle size D80. A combined gas-water desorption method was used to recover the deposited powered carbon. The results showed that the deposition of 20 µm polypropylene non-woven filter material for 16 h yie- lded the best performance, with a unit area deposition amount of 79.31 g/m². About 40% of the powered carbon con tent can be captured when the barren solution passes through the deposition unit, and the desorption rate reaches 88.7%. The overall recovery rate was 35.5%. The filter material also exhibited good reusability after desorption. The research findings have certain reference significance for heap leaching processes that use activated carbon as an adsor- bent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the introduction of the metaverse concept, the possible production capacity of the metaverse has made many enterprises actively invest in this field（such as Meta, Microsoft and Tencent）. The spatial expansion of the metaverse can create a digital space that transcends reality, and may create richer and more imaginative scenes than reality. The reconstruction capability of metaverse scenes can enable users to build digital virtual scenes based on real scenes and further reshape the value of the traditional physical world scene. The reconstruction of the metaverse may become an important engine to promote the integration of the digital world and the real world. And it will also bring infinite possibilities for the development of the clothing industry. However, the current metaverse is still in the early stage of development, and the enterprises’ understanding of the metaverse scene marketing is also still at the basic level. It is not clear from which direction to build the metaverse scene, and it may occur that the digital image launched by enterprises is different from consumers’ expectations, which may result in a low business conversion rate. Therefore, clarifying the dimension of the characteristics of metaverse scenes is helpful to build metaverse scenes and formulate marketing strategies for clothing enterprises, meet the needs of consumers in the metaverse era, and improve consumers’ purchase intention.This study analyzed and summarized the ways of the participation of some garment enterprises in the metaverse and looked back the previous researchers’ dimensional research on the scene characteristics. Then, this study extracted the four dimensions of the clothing scene characteristics, including scene dependence, information accuracy, social interaction and scene entertainment. This paper took perceived value and sense of presence as intermediary variables, and established a model of the influence of clothing scene characteristics on consumers’ purchase intention in the context of metaverse. Scene dependence, information accuracy, social interaction and scene entertainment were considered as independent variables, perceived value and sense of presence as intermediary variables, and purchase intention as the dependent variable to explore the relationship between them. The innovation point of this study is that it systematically and clearly divides the dimensions of clothing scene characteristic under the background of metaverse, which provides specific starting points for the scene marketing of clothing enterprises in the field of metaverse. Furthermore, it empirically tests the influence of scene characteristics on consumers’ purchase intention and enriches the research on the scene characteristics of the metaverse. SPSS and AMOS structure equation model are adopted for analyzing, and the result demonstrates that scene dependence, information precision, social interaction and scene entertainment all have positive influence on consumers’ purchase intention. Besides, consumers’ perceived value and sense of presence play an intermediary role between clothing scene characteristics and consumers’ purchase intention, and the intermediary effect of perceived value is stronger than sense of presence.In future research, we can consider deeply exploring the dimension of clothing scene characteristic by expanding the scope of literature or interview, so as to make the scene characteristic dimension more comprehensive and perfect. In addition, we can think about whether there are other variables（such as perceived risk, and perceived ease of use） that will affect consumers through the characteristics of the clothing scene. In the future, in-depth research can be continued to enrich the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to: (1) Explore the benefits, dilemmas and challenges of applying blockchain technology to health data governance; (2) Explore the actual impacts of applying blockchain technology to health data governance. This study applies the perspectives of organizational governance as well as technology to achieve the research objectives. Case studies and in-depth interviews were conducted to grasp the possible changes and formulate strategies early. The results of the study indicate that different levels of organizations apply blockchain technology to health data governance, which generate different benefits, they will also face dilemmas and challenges accordingly. Furthermore, the implementation of blockchain technology can make breakthroughs in health data governance and technology management of the global medical industry, and drive the expansion of medical blockchain ecosystem. It also offers numerous opportunities for usage in the healthcare sector, e.g., in public health management, user-oriented medical research based on personal patient data as well as drug counterfeiting. These advances also pose significant data governance challenges for ensuring value for individual, organizational, and societal stakeholders as well as individual privacy and autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to evaluate the drought resistance of 37 accessions of chrysanthemum related species by measuring morphological traits to excavate excellent drought-resistant germplasm, providing important parental materials for cultivating of new drought-resistant chrysanthemum varieties. [Methods]A total of 9 morphological traits, i.e.,fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, plant height, root length, wilting index, fresh and dry root-shoot ratio, were investigated for a set of 37 accessions of chrysanthemum related species under drought stress condition. Then, the phenotypic plasticity in response to drought stress was analyzed, and the drought resistance of different species was evaluated by membership function analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. [Results]The investigated traits exhibited significant differences between control（normal watering）and drought conditions, with the coefficient of variation ranging from 12.79% to 72.00% and the phenotypic plasticity index varying in a range of 0.37-0.90. Based on the membership function method and cluster analysis, the tested materials were divided into strong resistance, moderate resistance, low resistance, and susceptibility types, and the average comprehensive drought resistance index D-value was 0.80,0.54,0.42 and 0.26,respectively. [Conclusions]Drought stress significantly affected the growth of chrysanthemum related species. The chrysanthemum related species with strong drought resistance, i.e.,Chrysanthemum indicum in Yuntaishan and Funiushan, Chrysanthemum vestitum,Chrysanthemum ornatum,could be used as candidate parental materials for the genetic improvement of cultivated chrysanthemum targeting drought resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The alkali melting-hydrothermal synthesis method was adopted to synthesize the zeolite with raw material coal fly ash ・ The influence of the material, roasting temperature, aging time and crystallization time upon the zeolite were studied by using the control variables・ The structure properties of zeolite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM and BET, and the adsorption properties were tested by TG・ Results show that NaX zeolite could be prepared by adding the sodium silicate in fly ash to adjust the sili-con・aluminum ratio. The NaX zeolite is the calcined temperature of 650 °C, the aging time of 2 h and the crystallization time of 12 h・ Moreover, the specific surface area of the products was large, with regular crystal morphology and excellent adsorption performance, at 25 °C, the adsorption amount of C02 reached 1. 85 mmol/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to make sure that concrete has good working performance, mechanical property and frost resistance at-40to-20 ℃ and with the influence of winds under cryogenic circumstance in Antarctic and, at the same time, minimize the use of heating or thermal insulation and other auxiliary measures, three low temperatures and three types of curing conditions that were set and researched on both indoor and outdoor concrete properties was carried out with self-developed cementitious materials and reinforcing agents, and the cross-sectional morphological features of concrete were also observed. The research results show that the working performance, mechanical properties and frost resistance of thus prepared concrete meet the relevant requirements under cryogenic circumstance in Antarctic and can be used in concrete projects in Antarctic, but the concrete must be heated or thermally insulated or protected with auxiliary measures within at least 1 day after pouring to ensure the strength growth before formwork removal and can be normally cured in low temperature after formwork removal. Low temperature can inhibit the hydration reaction of cement and the lower the ambient temperature is, the more obvious the inhibition effect will be. The hydration reaction of concrete under cryogenic circumstance in Antarctic occurs significantly within 7 days after concrete is poured and molded, hence, intensification of quality control of concrete in its early age, especially in the first 7 days, is the key to concrete construction under cryogenic circumstance in Antarctic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study intends to demonstrate the key attributes of systemic resilience by the case study of pandemic resilience and regional economic resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reviewed and provided a holistic theoretical understanding of resilience from diverse theoretical bases, which are understood to be critical for recovering from disruptions and disorder resulted from major exogenous shocks and crises. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, many scholars had already been active in promoting sustainability and resilience science. However, systemic resilience has yet to be considered in the transformation of Library and Information Science research and the role of libraries for sustainable development. Resilience has been viewed as the ability of a system to prepare for threats, absorb impacts, recover and adapt following persistent stress or a disruptive event. Five systemic attributes categorized by this study were found to dominate the interdisciplinary resilience literature. Four case studies were conducted to demonstrate two types of systemic resilience to provide practical suggestions for enhancing systemic resilience. This research shows the importance of systemic resilience in response to crises and shocks as well as the sustainability of national health system and regional economic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The cervical vertebra in children is not yet mature. The ligaments are relatively relaxed. The articular surface is relatively horizontal. The uncinate vertebra joint begins to develop. Therefore, the superior cervical junction area and the lower cervical vertebra in children are vulnerable to injury. It is of great significance to study the mechanical properties and injury mechanism of children’s neck for its protection and treatment. OBJECTIVE: The finite element model of the whole cervical vertebra of a 4-year-old child was established to compare and analyze the maximum stress value of the joint surface of each segment, so as to understand the mechanical change rule under different motion states. METHODS: The original data of continuous cervical spine tomography images were imported into Mimics 21.0 in DICOM format to reconstruct C0-T1 respectively, imported into 3-Matic to establish a preliminary geometric model of the disc, and then processed with denoising, paving, and smoothing. The improved model was imported into Hypermesh software for mesh division. After attribute assignment, the material was imported into the finite element model displayed in ANSYS 19.2, and the boundary and load conditions were set to observe the range of motion of the joint and the stress and strain values of the joint surface of each segment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The maximum range of motion of the facet joint was C4/5 (4.71°, 4.13°, 7.21°, 7.22°) in the forward flexion, backward extension, left flexion, and right flexion, and C2/3 (9.54°, 9.65°) in the axial rotation (left rotation and right rotation). (2) The maximum stress of the disc in the right flexion state was significantly greater than that in the other motion states. The maximum stress of the disc in the forward flexion state was at C5-6 (0.235 MPa) and the maximum stress of the disc in the other states was at C6-7. The maximum stress of the disc at C2-3 segment was smaller than that at the other segments under the six conditions. (3) Under the same vertebral articular process joint surface, maximum stress under six conditions was greater than articular process on the joint surface, increasing trend with the increase of the operation sequence. The peak was located in the stretched position C6 articular process under the joint surface (1.481 MPa) and the valley value was located in forward flexion joint surface on a C2 (0.005 MPa). (4) In conclusion, the maximum range of motion of the cervical facet joint was located at C2/3, which was negatively correlated with its maximum displacement and maximum stress. Therefore, cervical instability was more common at the upper cervical segment. At the right flexion of the cervical spine, the stress value of the disc at the C6-7 level was the greatest, which was easy to cause cervical disc herniation. The C6/7 facet joint has the largest pulling load no matter what kind of working condition it is in and it is a common site of cervical facet joint induced cervical spondylosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To prefabricate concrete grating using steam -curing technology and then improve the quality and production efficiency of concrete grating, the frost resistance performance of concrete and the technology of prefabrication of concrete grating were studied. The results showed that the water-binder ratio and the air content of concrete had significant effects on the concrete performance. For steam-cured concrete, it is reasonable that the water -binder ratio was less than 0.31 and the air content was controlled in the range of 3%~5%. With a reasonable concrete mix ratio and by using the steam-curing system and a self -developed prefabrication technology, the appearance quality of the steam -cured concrete grating was good, and its mechanical properties and frost resistance met the requirements of C40F350. Furthermore, the production time could be reduced to one third of the production time of concrete grating using the traditional technology, and the production efficiency was greatly improved while the production quality was guaranteed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ecological watershed is a new concept and one of the critical means of evaluating ecological protection and high—quality development. Therefore, the study of ecological watershed assessment has practical significance. In this study, taking the Shaanxi section of Weihe River as the research area, from eight dimensions of water security, water resources, water environment, water ecology, water landscape, water culture, water management and water economy, the evaluation index system of ecological watershed in Shaanxi section of Weihe River Basin was preliminarily constructed, the current development level of ecological watershed in Weihe River Basin was assessed, and suggestions for the construction of ecological watershed in Weihe River Basin were put forward. The results show that the total ecological watershed score in the Shaanxi section of the Weihe River Basin is 75.6 points, which is at the middle level. Among them, the three dimensions of water security, water environment and water management are acceptable, the three dimensions of water ecology, water culture and water landscape are medium, the water economy dimension is qualified, and the water resources dimension is unqualified. Consequently, the Weihe River Basin needs to take the two dimensions of water resources and water economy as a breakthrough to facilitate the construction of ecological civilization and support the ecological protection and high—quality development of the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To verify whether the selection of different high-fidelity DNA polymerases has an impact on the results of nanopore sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 with ARTIC-nCoV network workflow. Methods: Multiplex PCR amplification of ARTIC-nCoV network workflow were performed on nucleic acid samples of two confirmed COVID-19 patients with KAPA HiFi HotStart ReadyMix, PrimeSTAR GXL DNA Polymerase or NEBNext High-Fidelity 2X PCR Master Mix. The amplicons were sequenced on Nanopore MinION platform, then were analyzed. Results: Under same conditions, different high-fidelity DNA polymerases lead to different results of quality inspection and sequencing quality. NEBNext High-Fidelity 2X PCR Master Mix is the best among the three enzymes in coverage and sequencing depth. Conclusion: NEBNext High-Fidelity 2X PCR Master Mix has better effect in nanopore sequencing with ARTIC-nCoV network workflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of hepatitis B x(HBx) gene on the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A(MICA)-A5.1, invasion, and migration of HepG2.2.15 cells. Methods HepG2.2.15 cells(HepG2 cells with the insertion and continuous expression of whole HBV genome) were cultured in vitro and were randomly divided into control group, HBx overexpression plasmid group, HBx empty plasmid group, HBx siRNA group, and HBx siRNA negative control group. After the transfection of plasmid or siRNA, CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell proliferation after 24 and 48 hours to screen out the appropriate duration of drug action; the Transwell invasion test and wound-healing assay were used to observe the changes in cell invasion and migration abilities; immunoblotting was used to measure the expression of HBx, MICA-A5.1, and the marker proteins for epithelial-mesenchymal transition E-cadherin and vimentin; ELISA was used to measure the level of soluble MICA(s MICA) in cell culture medium. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the SNK q test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the control group after 24 hours, the HBx overexpression plasmid group had a significant increase in cell viability and the HBx siRNA group had a significant reduction in cell viability(q = 8.268 and 4.365, P<0.001 and 0.036); compared with the control group after 48 hours, the HBx overexpression plasmid group had a significant increase in cell viability and the HBx siRNA group had a significant reduction in cell viability(q = 12.680 and 7.523, both P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the HBx overexpression plasmid group had significant increases in the protein expression of HBx, MICA, and vimentin in cells, the level of s MICA in cell culture medium, the number of migrating cells, and the number of cells out of the Transwell chamber, as well as a significant reduction in the expression of E-cadherin(q = 9.427, 6.697, 10.500, 5.042, 22.740, 15.720, and 5.258, all P<0.05); the HBx siRNA group had significant reductions in the protein expression of HBx, MICA, and vimentin in cells, the level of s MICA in cell culture medium, the number of migrating cells, and the number of cells out of the Transwell chamber, as well as a significant increase in the expression of E-cadherin(q = 8.133, 8.828, 7.616, 7.673, 5.391, 7.694, and 6.226, all P<0.05). Conclusion The HBx gene regulates theexpression of MICA-A5.1 in HepG2.2.15 cells and the invasion and migration of HepG2.2.15 cells, and upregulation of the HBx gene can promote the expression of MICA-A5.1 and enhance the invasion and migration abilities of HepG2.2.15 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ]Ｉｎ ｏｒｄｅｒ ｔｏ ｏｂｔａｉｎ ｖａｌｕａｂｌｅ ｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ, ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｓｅｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ Ｆ１ ｈｙｂｒｉｄｓ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｄｉｐｌｏｉｄ ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ Ｃｈｒｙｓａｎｔｈｅｍｕｍ ｄｉｃｈｒｕｍ ａｎｄ Ｃ􀆰 ｎａｎｋｉｎｇｅｎｓｅ ｗｅｒｅ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄ. [ Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ] Ｔｈｅ １０ ｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｔｒａｉｔｓ, ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｆｒｅｓｈ ａｎｄ ｄｒｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｏｆ ｓｈｏｏｔ ａｎｄ ｒｏｏｔ, ｒｏｏｔ ｌｅｎｇｔｈ, ｗｉｌｔｉｎｇ ｉｎｄｅｘ, ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅ ｗａｔｅｒ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ, ｄｒｙ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ, ａｎｄ ｆｒｅｓｈ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｓｔｒｅｓｓ, ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｔｅｒｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ Ｃ􀆰 ｄｉｃｈｒｕｍ×Ｃ􀆰 ｎａｎｋｉｎｇｅｎｓｅ Ｆ１ ｈｙｂｒｉｄｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｂｙ ｐｏｔｔｅｄ ｓｉｍｕ- ｌａｔｅｄ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ. Ｔｈｅｉｒ ｐｈｅｎｏｔｙｐｉｃ ｖａｌｕｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｅｖａｌｕａｒｅ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ ｕｓｉｎｇ ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐａｌ ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓｈｉｐ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ. Ｔｈｅｉｒ ＳＳＲ ｍａｒｋｅｒ ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ, ａｎｄ ａｌｌ ｔｈｅ ａｂｏｖｅ ｄａｔａ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔ ｍｕｌｔｉ-ｌｏｃｕｓ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ ｆｏｒ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ. [Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ]Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ａｌｌ ｔｈｅ ｔｒａｉｔｓ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｈａｄ ａ ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ ｈｉｇｈ ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｒｅｓｓ, ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ ｆｒｏｍ １０.９９％ ｔｏ ５９.８４％. Ｆｏｕｒ ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐａｌ ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓ ｅｘｐｌａｉｎｅｄ ６５.５７％ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｔｏｔａｌ ｐｈｅｎｏｔｙｐｉｃ ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ, ｉｎ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｔｈｅ ｆｒｅｓｈ ａｎｄ ｄｒｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ ｏｆ ｓｈｏｏｔ ａｎｄ ｒｏｏｔ, ｗｉｌｔｉｎｇ ｉｎｄｅｘ ａｎｄ ｄｒｙ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ. Ｔｈｅ ａｂｏｖｅ ｓｉｘ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ-ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｒａｉｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｕｓｅｄ ｔｏ ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔ ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓｈｉｐ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ. Ａｓ ａ ｒｅｓｕｌｔ, ｔｈｅｓｅ ｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｃｌｕｓｔｅｒｅｄ ｉｎｔｏ ｆｏｕｒ ｇｒｏｕｐｓ, ｂｅｉｎｇ ｓｔｒｏｎｇ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ, ｍｏｄｅｒａｔｅ&395;&395;ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ, ｌｏｗ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ ａｎｄ ｎｏ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ, ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｉｒ ａｖｅｒａｇｅ ｍｅｍｂｅｒｓｈｉｐ ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ ｖａｌｕｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ０.６１, ０.４６, ０.３６ ａｎｄ ０.２７, ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ. Ｔｈｉｒｔｙ-ｔｈｒｅｅ ｐａｉｒｓ ｏｆ ＥＳＴ-ＳＳＲ ｐｒｉｍｅｒｓ ｙｉｅｌｄｅｄ ａ ｔｏｔａｌ ｏｆ １９８ ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄ ｂａｎｄｓ, ｏｆ ｗｈｉｃｈ １７０ ｗｅｒｅ ｐｏｌｙ- ｍｏｒｐｈｉｃ ｂａｎｄｓ. Ｔｈｅ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｃ ｒａｔｉｏ ｗａｓ ８５.８％, ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｍｉｌａｒｉｔｙ ｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ ｒａｎｇｅｄ ｆｒｏｍ ０.４５ ｔｏ ０.８６ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ａｖｅｒａｇｅ ｏｆ ０.７. Ｍｕｌｔｉ-ｌｏｃｕｓ ｇｅｎｏｍｅ-ｗｉｄｅ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓ ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ ４ ＳＳＲ ｍａｒｋｅｒｓ ｔｈａｔ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ-ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ ｒｅｌａｔｅｄ ｔｒａｉｔｓ(ＬＯＤ>２.５), ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ ｓｈｏｏｔ ｄｒｙ ｗｅｉｇｈｔ, ｒｏｏｔ ｆｒｅｓｈ ｗｅｉｇｈ ａｎｄ ｗｉｌｔｉｎｇ ｉｎｄｅｘ. Ｔｈｅ ｅｘｐｌａｉｎｅｄ ｐｈｅｎｏｔｙｐｉｃ ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ ｒａｎｇｅｄ ｆｏｒｍ ４.０３％ ｔｏ １５.１１％. [Ｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｓ] Ｔｈｉｓ ｓｔｕｄｙ ｐｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｉｌｙ ｄｅｆｉｎｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ ａｎｄ ｇｅｎｅｔｉｃ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ ｏｆ ｉｎｔｅｒｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ Ｃ􀆰 ｄｉｃｈｒｕｍ×Ｃ􀆰 ｎａｎｋｉｎｇｅｎｓｅ Ｆ１ ｈｙｂｒｉｄｓ, ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ-ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｔ ｇｅｒｍｐｌａｓｍ ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄ ｈｅｒｅ ｗｉｌｌ ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅ ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ ｆｏｒ ｆｕｔｕｒｅ ｃｈｒｙｓａｎｔｈｅｍｕｍ ｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇ ｗｏｒｋｓ ｔａｒｇｅｔｉｎｇ ｄｒｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detection and evaluation for structure of in-service wharfs had beginning to get more and more attention since the 1970s in China, so scientifically and reasonably detect and evaluate the safety, usability and durability of in-service wharf structures which has been an urgent and practical need. In this paper, the present research situation of detection and evaluation of wharf structure has been analyzed and elaborated, and the main problems existing at present were point out. It is considered that reasonable and effective detection technology needs continuous development, detection information is often limited, random, discontinuous and without dynamic feedback, and evaluating methods are rich in experience. Finally, it is concluded that it is an effective way to improve the accuracy and reliability of detection and evaluation bu using load test method, strengthening the collection and accumulation of detection data, and establishing a detection and evaluation system based on BIM & big data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Datong River Basin in the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau is taken as an example. The characteristics of rainfall structure in Datong River Basin are characterized by daily and monthly rainfall concentration indices (CI and CIM), and the evolution characteristics of these indices are analyzed. Cross- wavelet analysis is used to investigate the relationship between sunspot, atmospheric circulation anomaly index (PDO, ENSO, Arctic Oscillation) and changes in rainfall structure. The results show that: 1) The annual CI is higher in the south of the basin than in the north, while the annual average CIM is higher in the central part of the basin than in other parts of the basin. 2) The CI value has a slight increasing trend, and the annual CIM value decreased significantly. 3) Sunspot has the most significant effect on the precipitation structure, followed by AO and ENSO, and PDO has the weakest effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The steel bar corrosion is the leading cause of durability problems of concrete structure, Corrosion of steel bar causes loss of its own section, reduces mechanical property, and causes concrete cracking and reducing bond strength with concrete. In order to obtain a large number of corroded steels in a short period, the anodic current method to accelerate the corrosion of steel has been usually used by the domestic and foreign scholars. In this paper, we studied steel bar corrosion caused by the applied anodic current in concrete blocks under the chloride erosion environment, calculated corrosion initial time of steel bar by the use of Fick's law, and then deduced the calculation formula of corrosion rate based on Faraday's law and verified by the experiments. The research conclusions and test method provide a reference for the application of anodic current method to accelerate the steel corrosion in the laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression and prognostic value of alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and Ki-67 in retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. Methods Fifty retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma patients who underwent operation in Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from May 2002 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 14 males and 36 females form 21 to 79 and an average age of 48. Kaplan-Meier estimations and Cox regression analyses were performed. Results Of the 50 cases, 45 patients underwent complete resection, and others are not. The overall 1, 3, 5-year survival rates were 86.0%, 46.0% and 28.0%, respectively. Tumor size, extent of resection, pathological stage, and expression levels of Ki-67 and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were closely related to the survival of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma patients (all P<0.05), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that pathological grade and degree of surgical resection were independent risk factors in the prognosis of patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The high expression of α-SMA and Ki-67 are indicators of poor prognosis in retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma, which can be used as a potential survival predictor in patients with retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs) for neoadjuvant therapy. Methods Eighty-six patients with stage Ⅲ A EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma were assigned to 2 groups (n=43 in each group) according to the random number table method: neoadjuvant targeted therapy group (single oral dose of erlotinib 150 mg per day, for 9 weeks) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (2 cycles of pemetrexed combined with cisplatin chemotherapy followed by 3- week discontinuation). Surgical treatment was underwent after imaging efficacy evaluation. Results In neoadjuvant targeted therapy group, 4 achieved complete response (CR), 25 achieved partial response (PR), giving an objective response rate (ORR) of 67.4%. In pathological response, 8 patients had grade Ⅰ, 20 patients had grade Ⅱ, giving a pathological response rate of 65.1%. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were rash and diarrhea. In neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, 2 had CR and 17 had PR, giving an ORR of 44.2%. In pathological response, 3 patients had grade Ⅰ, 15 patients had grade Ⅱ, giving a pathological response rate of 41.9%. The main AEs were hematologic toxic effects. The ORR, histological efficacy and hematologic toxicity showed statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). The neoadjuvant targeted therapy group had 90.7% resection rate, (299.8±23.4) ml of hemorrhage volume during operation, (5.2±0.4) days of extubation time and 9.3% postoperative complication rate. Corresponding results were 83.7%, (308.9±22.7) ml, (5.4±0.6) days and 11.6% in neoadjuvant chemotherapy group, which showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusions Neoadjuvant targeted treatment for stage Ⅲ A lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutations. The regimen could be considered as a choice of neoadjuvant treatment for patients with stage Ⅲ A EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to berth large vessels, domestic port enterprises are quickening the adjustment of berthing capacity of existing wharfs to increase the capacity of the wharfs for large vessels. This paper takes a bulk cargo wharf in Liaoning Province as the objective, and studies and verifies the berthing capacity of the wharf from the plan dimensions, handing technology, and the safety of the structure and auxiliary facilities of the wharf according to the regulations for berthing capacity verification of existing wharfs formulated by the Ministry of Transport of China. The results of the study and verification have found out the usage condition of the bulk cargo wharf, and provided a reference for the management of the berthing capacity of similar wharfs, which is very important to ensure the safety of wharfs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To discuss risk factors for postoperative complications after Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPNL) using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications. Methods From September 1999 to December 2010，4533 patients having complications after mPNL were analyzed with five related clinical factors using the modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Results Among 88 cases having complications (1.94%)， 69 had hemorrhage (0.24%)， 5 had colon injury (0.11%)， 3 had septic shock (0.06%)， 5 had liquid absorption syndrome (0.11%)， 6 had pleural effusion (0.13%). According to the modified Clavien classification， 11 cases were clustered into Class I (0.24%)，71 cases into Class II (1.56%)，6 cases into Class Ⅲa (0.13%) and no cases was classified in Class Ⅲb，Ⅳa， Ⅳb and V. For patients having complications of Class II and III， the average hospital stay was significantly longer than those having either Class I or no complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that five factors were associated with postoperative complications，including operation time (OR=1. 46)， ASA score (O =2.49)，having cardiovascular disease or diabetes at the same time (OR=1.67)， stone load (OR=1.34) and positive urine culture (OR=0.97). Conclusion Using modified Clavien classification of surgical complications in the analysis of mPNL was standard， objective， applicable and recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the surgical efficacy of primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma and analyze its risk factors for survival and recurrence. Methods: From January 1985 to January 2015, 91 patients diagnosed with primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma were treated in our hospital. And their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the related risk factors of prognosis of this disease. Results: The overall1,3,5-year survival rate of benign primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma was 98.5 % and the recurrence rate was 2 %, 4.5 %, 16 %. Univariate analysis revealed the modus operation of tumor resection were associated with recurrence rate (X2=10.368, P=0.01), the recurrence rate was high for the patients with incomplete resection. The diameter and location of tumor, age, gender had no obvious association with recurrence rate (P>0.05). The overall 1,3,5-year survival rate and recurrence rate of primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal maligant paraganglioma was 78.5 %, 50 %, 41.5 and 71 %, 85 %, 100 %, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed, tumor grade was associated with prognosis (X2=5.536, P=0.019) and recurrence (X2=5.734, P=0.017) of the primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal maligant paraganglioma, the tumor grade was lower, the mortality and recurrence rate was higher; the distant metastasis was related to recurrence (X2=4. 067, P=0.044), the patients with distant metastasis had higher recurrence. Conclusions: The prognosis is good in patients with benign retroperitoneal paraganglioma, and the complete surgical treatment is the main treatment method, and the modus operation of tumor resection is associated with recurrence rate; while the prognosis is poor in primary retroperitoneal extra-adrenal maligant paraganglioma, and tumor grade is associated with prognosis and recurrence, and the distant metastasis is related to recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的　观察维生素D 辅助治疗婴幼儿喘息的效果。方法　按照随机数字表法将100 例0~ 3 岁下呼吸 道感染伴喘息患儿均分为喘息A 组、喘息B 组，同期选取0~3 岁体检健康婴幼儿50 例（健康对照组）。喘息A 组 仅给予基础治疗，药物包括泼尼松、妥洛特罗贴剂、阿奇霉素、孟鲁司特钠、氯雷他定；喘息B 组在以上治疗基础上 给予维生素AD 滴剂口服，1 粒／次，1 次／ D，治疗1 个月。分别于治疗前后采用电化学发光法检测三组血清25-羟维 生素D3 水平；对比两组总有效率；记录两组症状体征改善时间及住院时间。结果　治疗前，喘息A、B 组血清25- 羟维生素D3 水平较健康对照组低（P 均<0． 05）；治疗后1、2 周，喘息A 组血清25-羟维生素D3 水平与治疗前比较 差异无统计学意义（P 均＞0． 05）；喘息B 组血清25-羟维生素D3 水平较治疗前升高（P 均< 0． 05），与健康对照组 比较差异无统计学意义（P 均＞0． 05）。喘息B 组总有效率高于喘息A 组（P 均< 0． 05）。喘息B 组症状体征缓解 时间及住院时间短于喘息A 组（P 均<0． 05）。结论　维生素D 辅助治疗婴幼儿喘息可提高基础治疗疗效，改善 临床症状 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a mixed denoising algorithm based on sparse representation and prior knowledge of noise distribution. The proposed algorithm utilizes the Adaptive Median Filter (AMF) to initialize and analyze the prior knowledge of noise distribution, and adaptively weight the sparse representation atom vector at the stage of sparse coding. Then, the selection threshold is adaptively adjusted by the extreme value of the current set of atoms so as to do selective elimination on atoms. Because of a avoidance of the traditional two-phase mixed denoising strategy, the proposed algorithm gains much better PSNR and faster speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate of the clinical efficacy of two kinds of methods extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in treatment of ureteral calculi. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 108 patients with acute renal colic and ureteral stones （calculi diameter＜2 cm） from March 2011 to April 2013. The patients were divided into two groups. 69 cases in A group underwent emergency positioning urography ureteral catheterization combined extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy， 39 cases in B group underwent emergency extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Results A group: lithotripsy was successful in 63 cases among 69 cases at the first time， the first success rate was 91.33% （63/69）， the second success rate was 94.2% （65/69），2 cases of retrograde ureteroscopy failed，2 cases of self-discharge after intubation stones， the recurrent renal colic rate was 14.3% （9/63），the use of analgesic drugs rate was 11.1% （7/63） . B group: the first success rate of stone clearance rate was 74.4% （25/39），the second success rate of stone clearance rate was 87.2% （34/39），5 cases underwent ureteroscopy lithotripsy， the renal colic recurrence rate was 20.5% （8/39），the use rate of analgesic drugs was 15.4% （6/39） . Conclusion Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy assisted by urography through retrograde ureteral catheterization has satisfying therapeutic effect in treatment of patients with ureteral calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability of osteoclasts to erode bone is an important cellular function of bone development and bone remodeling. Most pathological bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, reflect an increase in the number, activity and absorptive capacity of osteoclasts. The increase of osteoclast number and activity will lead to the damage of bone structure and the decrease of bone mass, which are the common characteristics of bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Therefore, inhibiting osteoclast differentiation is one of the treatment strategies to prevent and / or to treat bone diseases and related fractures. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of osteoclast-induced bone resorption and the signal molecules regulating osteoclast activity will provide reference for drug development for bone diseases by inhibiting bone resorption. In this paper, the recent research progress of osteoclast differentiation, activity, and absorption function signal molecules is reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the theory of macro -cell corrosion, cathodic steel and anodic steel were poured into two separated concrete blocks and were connected and disconnected by wires to simulate the macro-cell corrosion or micro-cell corrosion. The water -air environment of concrete was changed by filling water into the small holes distributed around the steel or completely immersing the concrete block in water. The influence of water-air environment change of concrete on the macro-cell corrosion behaviors of cathodic steel and anodic steel was investigated by analyzing the macro-cell potential difference, macrocell polarization ratio, macro-cell current density and micro-cell current density. Results indicate that, under the condition that the area ratio of cathodic steel to anodic steel is 1 : 1, the change of water -air environments of concrete has a significant influence on the macro -cell current density, macro -cell polarization ratio and control mode. When the concrete around the cathodic steel or anodic steel changed from atmospheric environment to water-immersion environment, the ratio of macro-cell current density to micro-cell current density decreased remarkably, and the water-immersion environment of concrete around cathode is more effective than that of anode to inhibit the macro-cell corrosion. When the concrete around cathode steel and anode steel are completely immersed in water, the corrosion rate of the the macro-cell can be reduced to a maximum extent, and the control mode of macro-cell corrosion is the typical cathode control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emotion classification of traditional brain network uses clustering coefficients, average shortest path and other topological attributes as classification features. To solve the problem that EEG emotion recognition based on these attributes is susceptible to network connectivity thresholds and attribute selection,and network topology attributes are difficult in fully characterizing the differences in network structure for different emotional states,this paper proposed an EEG emotion classification based on common spatial patterns of brain networks topology ( EEC-CSP-BNT) . EEC-CSP-BNT calculated the functional connectivity matrix in the sensor space using mutual information for each sub-band,and employed the CSP to learn the spatial filters and constructed classification features. At last, it employed the pattern classifiers (such as Fisher linear discrimination, support vector machine and K nearest neighbor) to complete the emotion recognition. Experimental results using DEAP and SEED datasets validate the superior performance of EEC-CSP-BNT compared to the network topology attributes features. EEC-CSP-BNT can also extract the useful classification information of brain network topology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate prediction of lettuce physiological indexes is of great significance for the digital and accurate management of lettuce growth in plant factory environment. In order to provide a reference for the prediction of physiological indexes of leaf vegetable crops in plant factories, in this study, hydroponic lettuce from plant factories was taken as the research object, and the data of longest leaf length, leaf number, and plant height of hydroponic lettuce treated with 5 different nutrient solution formulations were collected. Physiological index data of lettuce were predicted by Sparrow Search Algorithm-Back Propagation neural network(SSA-BP). And mean absolute error(MAE), mean square error(Mean Square Error, MSE), root mean square error(RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) were used as precision indexes to analyze and evaluate the test results. The results showed that the mean absolute errors of SSA-BP neural network were 9.21, 0.563, and 8.34 for predicting the longest leaf length, number of leaves, and plant height of lettuce. The mean square errors were 143.79, 0.599, and 110.69. The root mean square errors were 11.991, 0.774, and 10.521, respectively. The mean absolute percentage errors were 15.639%, 6.181%, and 13.318%. All the evaluation indexes were better than those obtained by the traditional BP neural network. The prediction error in the experimental results was less than 16%, but the improvement of the prediction error was not obvious. Therefore, the SSA-BP neural network model could effectively predict the physiological indexes of lettuce, and the model had good prediction accuracy and generalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on rosacea. Methods Seventy-eight patients with rosacea, including 39 PPR type and 39 ETR type, were enrolled at the Changsha Mylike Cosmetic Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. All patients were treated with microneedling infusion of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exo) once a month for three months. The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, erythema assessment scale (CEA), patient physical evaluation (PSA), investigators' global assessment (IGA) scale and skin barrier function were compared between the two groups. Results Treatment with MSC-exo significantly decreased both CEA and IGA scales, EI and TEWL, while increasing stratum corneum hydration(P<0.05 for all). After 3 treatments with MSC-exo, both CEA and IGA scales were higher in patients with ETR type than in that with PPR type (both P<0.05). Both EI and TEWL were lower in patients with PPR than in that with ETR (P<0.05). In contrast, both stratum corneum hydration levels and PSA were higher in patients with PPR than in that with ETR (P<0.05). The effective rates in patients with PPR type and ETR type were 89.74% and 64.10%, respectively (X²=7.22, P=0.007). However, the adverse reaction rates were comparable between the two groups (X²=1.92, P=0.166). Conclusions Treatments with MSC-exo can significantly improve the skin condition and skin barrier function in patients with rosacea. Compared with the ETR group, MSC-exo is more effective in improving skin condition in the PPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excessive concentration of precipitation in its spatial and temporal distributions could lead to occurrence of flood and drought disasters. Investigating the abrupt changes in precipitation concentration and the driving forces is fundamental for understanding precipitation responses to the changing environment,thus facilitating regional water resources management and early warning of natural disasters. This study investigated the historical changes in precipitation concentration at daily and monthly timescales in the Hanjiang River basin,based on the monthly precipitation concentration index (CIM) and daily precipitation concentration index (CID). The Mann-Kendall trend test and heuristic segmentation algorithm were used to analyze the abrupt changes in precipitation concentration. The potential influences of sunspots and anomalous atmospheric circulation factors on the abrupt changes in precipitation concentration were explored using the cross wavelet analysis technique. Results showed that:① Large values of CIM were found in the northern Hanjiang River basin,while small CIM values were observed in the south part of the study region. As for the CID,large values were found in the east part,with small values observed in the west. CIM has showed an insignificant downward trend,while a significant upward trend of CID was detected at 6 stations;② Mutation points of the CID series were detected at some stations in the basin,while the CIM is shown to be relatively stable,indicating that the CID is more sensitive to the changing environment than the CIM;③ Sunspots and anomalous atmospheric circulation factors have exerted strong influences on the changes in precipitation concentration. Notably,sunspots have exerted the largest influences,as they can indirectly affect precipitation concentration of the Hanjiang River basin through modulating the anomalous atmospheric circulation factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the sensitivity of leaf area index (LAI) to the soil moisture deficit and its influencing factors is of great significance for the ecological conservation and restoration in the Yellow River Basin. In this study, taking the Yellow River Basin as the research area, the standardized soil moisture index (SSI) was calculated based on the monthly soil moisture data from 1982 to 2018 and then the characteristics of vegetation changes and the sensitivity of the vegetation to the different degrees of soil moisture deficit in the Yellow River Basin were analyzed. On this basis, we investigated the dominant factors affecting the sensitivity. The results show that the monthly LAI shows a significant increasing trend in the vegetation growing season (April to October), with the most significant increase in the key areas of afforestation. The sensitivity of vegetation to soil moisture deficit is high from June to October, spatially, the areas with high sensitivity of vegetation to soil moisture deficit in the period from January to March as well as in December are located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the areas susceptible to vegetation loss are located in the northeastern Inner Mongolia, Ningxia region and the northern Shaanxi from April to November. Temperature, potential evapotranspiration and fraction of photosynthetically active radiation of vegetation are the main drivers affecting vegetation response to soil moisture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the practice of an overseas project, the rebound value and 28 d compressive strength of local limestone cement pebble concrete of different strength grades are obtained through tests, and the local special strength curve equation is worked out by using the regression analysis method. The strength curve equation is analyzed and verified by field coring in structural members. The results show that the relative error of the special strength curve equation is small, and the calculated rebound strength of the concrete structure is close to the actual compressive strength measured on site, which can meet the requirements of the code for regional strength curve. The results of the study provides a technical basis for evaluation of on-site testing results of compressive strength of local limestone cement pebble concrete structural members for overseas projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To explore the cognitive physiological characters during performing the task of cool executive function in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Eighteen first-episode patients with schizophrenia meeting the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder,Fourth Edition（DSM-Ⅳ）（patient group）,and 18 normal controls（control group） were enrolled to perform the Tower of Hanoi task with three levels.The reaction time,operative steps,and the Electroencephalogram（EEG） data were recorded during the process.Results:The reaction time of each step was slower in the patient group than that in the control group（P <0.05）,and there was no statistical difference in operative steps（P> 0.05）.The main activation frequency in the two groups was 0.01-10 Hz.Stronger functional connections were observed in the frontal-occipital and frontal-parietal in the patient group（P <0.05）.Lower clustering coefficient and longer characteristic path length in the patient group than these in the control group.Further,there was a negative relationship between positive symptoms and the clustering coefficient（r=-0.66,P <0.01）,and the positive relationship between positive symptoms and the characteristic path length（r=0.60,P <0.05）.Conclusions:These findings suggest that cool executive function of schizophrenia is out of order in a certain degree,especially the flexibility.The network efficiency of the patient group decreases,which may be related to the severity of positive symptoms in schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) combined with chemotherapy in the prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) by meta-analysis. Moreover, we evaluated the efficacy of TCM on the quality of life, immune indexes, and toxic and side effects during adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods The CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and other databases were searched by computer. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched. After literature screening and data extraction, Review Manager 5.3 software provided by Cochrane was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included. Compared with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined with chemotherapy could improve the KPS score and CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ index levels. The incidence rates of postoperative leucopenia, hemoglobin reduction, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and neurotoxicity were reduced. In terms of postoperative QLQ-C30 score, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function, the incidence of TCM combined chemotherapy was similar to that of chemotherapy alone, with no statistical difference. Compared with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined chemotherapy could reduce the 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative recurrence and metastasis rates and prolong the disease-free survival time. Conclusion Compared with chemotherapy alone in adjuvant chemotherapy, TCM combined chemotherapy could improve the immune level and KPS score of LACC patients after surgery, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, as well as reduce the recurrence and metastasis rate of LAGC after surgery and DFS could be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enteric hyperoxaluria is a secondary hyperoxaluria characterized by excessive absorption of intestinal oxalate and increased urinary oxalate. Enteric hyperoxaluria is closely related to the occurrence of urinary calcium oxalate stones. It is of great significance to effectively reduce the absorption of intestinal oxalate and urinary oxalate to prevent the occurrence of urinary calcium oxalate stones. This article reviews the pathogenesis and treatment of enteric hyperoxaluria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to other high power electric propulsion, Hall thruster has significant advantages in Thruster power ratio and Specific impulse.However, the increase in power brings many complex physical problems.Therefore, aiming at the key difficulties of high-power Hall thruster, such as the difficulty of working stably under strong thermal load and the difficulty ofadjusting the wide discharge voltage range and efficient electromagnetic regulation, Lanzhou Institute of Physics (LIP) and Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) had jointly launched the over-10 kW high power Hall thruster.The thermal analysis and design were carried out, and the thermal simulation model was established to calculate the steady-state temperature of the key components.The results showed that the temperature of each part met the design requirements.The PIC simulation model was established synchronously, and the ionization characteristics were analyzed under different voltages at fixed flow rate of 80 mg/s.The results showed that low current would reduce the utilization rate of working medium and lead to low efficiency of thruster under the condition of large discharge cavity diameter.Further, the performance analysis was carried out to obtain the working condition of 600 V anode efficiency lower than 500 V,which was caused by insufficient ionization and wall energy loss.In addition, based on the experimental prototype, experimental research under 30 kw power was carried out and the result suggests that corresponding design has a good effect.The thermal and laser interference measurement method was adopted to obtain the thrust of 1.33 N,which deviates from the simulation data 1.38 N by an error within 5%. Therefore, the thruster design in this paper was reasonable and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the theory of macro-cell corrosion, cathodic steels and anodic steels were cast in two separated concrete blocks and were connected and disconnected by lead wires to simulate the macro-cell corrosion and micro-cell corrosion. By changing the chloride ion content in the concrete blocks, the cathodic steels and anodic steels show different electro chemical parameters. By analyzing the relationships between the corrosion potential, macro-cell potential difference, macro-cell current density and the macro-cell polarization ratio, the influence of electrochemical parameters of steels on the macro-cell corrosion current and control mode was clarified, and the transformation boundary of the macro-cell corrosion control mode when the are a ratio of cathodic steels to anodic steels is 1 was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of double plasma molecular absorb system (DPMAS) combined with low-volume exchange plasma exchange(LPE) and full-volume plasma exchange (PE) in the treatment of liver failure. Methods: The clinical data of 101 patients with liver failure treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from June 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into(DPMAS + LPE) treatment group with 51 cases and PE treatment group with 50 cases. The liver function, coagulation function, platelet parameters, and adverse reactions before the first treatment and 24 h after the treatment were compared and analyzed. Results: After treatment, the serum total bilirubin (TBIL), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the DPMAS+LPE group and the PE group were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05). And the bilirubin clearance effect of DPMAS+LPE group was better than that of PE group (P<0.05). The reduction rate of TBIL in the two groups was (36.5± 17.1)% vs (25.2± 19.5)%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After treatment, the prothrombin time (PT), prothrombin time activity(PTA), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the DPMAS+LPE group had no significant changes compared with those before treatment (P>0.05), and fibrinogen (FIB) and plasma albumin (ALB) were lower than before treatment (P<0.0001). After treatment, the PT, PTA, and APTT of the PE group were improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and FIB and ALB had no significant changes compared with before treatment (P>0.05). The platelet counts (PLT) of the two groups were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), but the PLT reduction rate of the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions during and after treatment in the two groups. Conclusion: Compared with PE, DPMAS combined with LPE has more advantages in clearing serum bilirubin, and it has no obvious effect on blood coagulation function and no obvious adverse reactions. At the same time, the amount of plasma can be saved, which is an effective and safe way to treat liver failure and is worthy of promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the engineering application of lightweight aggregate concrete in marine concrete platform, the influence of ceramsite type and mineral admixtures on the performance of lightweight aggregate concrete was analyzed, and the evolution of mechanical property and durability of lightweight aggregate concrete in marine "three high" environment was investigated. The results indicated that under the action of marine "three high" environment, the strength and durability of lightweight aggregate concrete in atmospheric zone were higher than that in tidal zone at the same age, tide has a more remarkable effect on the performance deterioration of lightweight aggregate concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Exosome is a nanoscale vesicle body secreted by many kinds of cells, such as stem cells, tumor cells, and cancer stem cells. Exosomes contain a large amount of bioactive molecules that mediate the communication between cells. OBJECTIVE: To review the correlation between exosomes from different source and tumorigenesis and explore the research trends and directions in the future. METHODS: PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases were retrieved for relevant articles using the keywords of “exosomes, tumors, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, caner stem cells, HH signaling pathway” in English and Chinese, respectively. The search time was from January 2015 to June 2019. Finally, 80 literatures, including 27 English articles and 53 Chinese articles, were included for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serum-derived exosomes have a potential in the diagnosis of non-small cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer, which may become a potential alternative diagnostic marker for tumor detection. Tumor-derived exosomes can regulate tumors by promoting the growth, proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells, regulating immunity and the expression of tumor-related genes and proteins. Exosomes derived from stem cells can promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, which may be achieved through the activation of HH signaling pathway. In addition, exosomes derived from cancer stem cells can enhance the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy by promoting the expression of tumor-related drug resistance genes. Exploration on the correlation between cancer stem cell-derived exosomes and drug-resistant genes is likely to discover potential targets for tumor treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumors are now an important threat to human health and life. Tumor gene diagnosis is the detection of various proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. PCR(polymerase chain reaction) technology is the most widely used diagnostic technology for clinical gene diagnosis. Tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology can be used to detect the mutation genes to formulate treatment plans. This study analyzes the tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology based on patents data to explore the development status and trends of global and Chinese tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology. There is a total of 16,939 patents related to tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology and 6,285 patent families in the Innography database. In the field of tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology accounts for a large proportion, accounting for about one-third of the total amount of tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology. From the perspective of technical technology life cycle, the tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology is still in the stage of rapid development. The United States is a leading country in the development of tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology. The United States also is the main source of this technology and the main distribution area of the same family of patents. In the field of tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology, 42.09 % of the world’s patents come from the United States. And among the top 15 top institutions in this technology, there are 7 institutions from the United States. China started late in the field of tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology. However, the tumor gene’s PCR diagnostic technology has developed rapidly in China. The number of patents from China applied in this technology is second only followed to the United States. Most of the patents for the PCR gene diagnostic technology applied in China are only patented in China, which shows that Chinese institutes have no willingness to lay out the global market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the application of pebble concrete in the project of a new port in Africa, this paper analyzed the gradation, shape and mechanical property of pebble aggregate and crushed stone aggregate, compared the strength difference between pebble concrete and gravel concrete under the same slump, and clarified the improvement effect of GGBS on the strength and drying shrinkage of pebble concrete. The results indicate that under the conditions of same slump, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of pebble concrete are higher than that of crushed stone concrete, but there is no significant difference on the tension and compression relationship between pebble concrete and crushed stone concrete. Drying shrinkage of pebble concrete increased with the increasing of total amount of binder materials, and decreased with the increasing of GGBS content. Replacing cement with 50% GGBS could effectively improve the drying shrinkage of pebble concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]