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Based on computerized and manual content analyses, we examined the theories, methods, topics, and authors' backgrounds of the empirical articles revolving around politics and media published by Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly (JMCQ) in its 100 years (N = 424). The most common theories are agenda-setting, framing, and selective exposure, and quantitative methods prevail with single-country studies being more prevalent than comparative analyses. A considerable portion of research has focused on political news, particularly during campaigns. Male, U.S.-based authors dominate, but female-authored work has increased in the past decade. Challenges remain to make the research on politics and media in JMCQ more generalizable globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug overdose claimed more than 100,000 lives in the United States in 2021. Drug‐induced homicide (DIH) laws create specific criminal liability for individuals who provide drugs that cause or contribute to the death of another person. DIH prosecutions in the United States have increased substantially over the past decade despite the absence of meaningful evidence of their individual‐ or community‐level impacts. Recently, Lee et al. analyzed the impact of DIH laws on county‐level opioid overdose mortality across 92 counties in 10 states and concluded that DIH laws are associated with significant reductions in rates of opioid overdose death. In this commentary, we present evidence demonstrating that the Lee et al. study is fundamentally flawed. Specifically, the legal data used by Lee et al. to define their treatment condition (the presence or absence of a state‐level DIH law) is incorrect in almost every aspect. We also describe significant methodological weaknesses, including flawed sampling strategies that resulted in a biased sample of county overdose rates as well as flawed modeling strategies that cannot effectively evaluate the hypothesis that DIH laws negatively impact opioid overdose mortality. More research on the individual‐ and community‐level impacts of DIH laws is needed. In the meantime, we advise policymakers to strengthen state 911 Good Samaritan laws, as DIH laws appear to erode the efficacy of this proven overdose‐prevention strategy. Key points: Drug‐induced homicide laws create specific criminal liability for individuals who provide drugs that cause or contribute to the death of another person and are increasingly used in the United States despite little evidence of their impact on overdose and other harms.This paper critically evaluates a recent paper that analyzed the impact of these laws on county‐level opioid overdose mortality across 92 counties in 10 US states, concluding that these laws are associated with reduced opioid overdose deaths.We present evidence demonstrating that the previous paper is fundamentally flawed, detailing serious errors in the underlying legal research as well as significant methodological weaknesses that render the results of the paper unreliable.Reliable research on the impact of these laws is urgently needed. In the meantime, policymakers are urged to implement policies with robust evidence demonstrating their overdose‐prevention impacts: medications for opioid use disorder, naloxone access, and syringe services programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to address the topic of data analysis, providing a comprehensive overview of the concept, techniques, and methods of utilization, as well as examples of possible applications. Although the field of Data Science is relevant to companies and businesses of all sizes, this article will focus its efforts on highlighting the specific importance and relevance of this discipline for small businesses. In this regard, an accessible and easily understandable language will be explored, with the intention of simplifying the methods of application and facilitating the assimilation of this knowledge by entrepreneurs and managers of small businesses. Practical examples of how data analysis can be implemented in different areas such as marketing, sales, operations, and strategic decision-making will be addressed. Additionally, the direct and indirect benefits that small businesses can obtain by adopting a data-driven approach will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CTM3 Method is a proposal for structuring educational products in the health area, with the aim of facilitating its construction and also making the emitted message more easily absorbed by most people. It is interesting to know the acceptability of the CTM3 Method in the development of educational products by judges with expertise in the subject. Teachers of the Professional Masters in Health Education, from all regions of Brazil, were deliberately chosen to participate as judges. To evaluate the opinions/suggestions issued by the judges, the Thematic Content Analysis was chosen. Among the 13 research participants, 11 (85%) positively analyzed the CTM3 Method. The most evident qualities in the experts' speeches were: 'easy insertion', 'interesting' and 'relevant'. This evaluation strengthens the hope that the CTM3 Method can facilitate the construction and favor the absorption and application of inferred knowledge in educational products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytoplankton biomass is a variable used in ecological studies and in monitoring potentially toxic cyanobacterial blooms. Biomass indicators of this community range from general and indirect, such as chlorophyll a concentrations, to specific and quasi-direct measures such as biovolume. Based on the results of a survey addressed to Latin American scientists and technicians as well as a bibliographic search, we discuss the relevance of using biovolume as the most appropriate indicator of biomass, the effort of quantifying phytoplankton using different counting units and the implications for interpretation of the results. Individuals, cells and biovolume were the quantitative units used to report phytoplankton. The individual represents the natural biological unit of the organism (cells, coenobia, colonies or filaments) and has a wide size range. We strongly advise that the phytoplankton reported as individuals per unit volume can lead to conceptual misinterpretation, such as the underestimation of the biomass of blooms. As cells have a large variation in their sizes, it poorly correlates with biovolume or chlorophyll a concentration. Considering all these aspects is crucial when selecting quantitative bioindicators to monitor potentially toxic cyanobacteria. We strongly recommend the use of biovolume as a biomass indicator for phytoplankton in general and consider it imperative for monitoring cyanobacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This conference attempts to address the personal conditions that led the author to take an - early- interest in political psychology. From there, a certain contemporary development of the discipline is made, analyzing the agendas of the same and other characteristics that are imbricated. One of these characteristics refers to the great strength of the discipline and the fact that it is an interdisciplinary field. That is to say, political psychology is linked to transdisciplinary or interdisciplinary readings that contribute to its complexity. Not only because it is enriched by other disciplines, but also because it provides contributions to the field of other disciplines. It also analyzes the fact that political psychology, being a space of confluence of two complex fields of knowledge - psychology and politics - confers power. And to what power it refers: to being able to develop categories to think and to be able to analyze reality from different perspectives and try to catch it. And why catch it? To modify it and work towards a better society, from a discipline that marks territorialities and that these territorialities are spaces of confluence of opportunities and justice. Because knowledge is considered as a social good, as a human right and as a strategic tool in the virtuous transformation of this region. This discipline must be more critical and reflective and must be oriented towards social inclusion and produce knowledge with territorial and historical relevance. Political psychology allows us to analyze reality from certain perspectives: the subjects in politics; the subjects as political subjects; politics analyzed from the perspective of psychology, among the most recurrent ones. And all this, which seems very complex, which it is, but only from that complexity can we think reality, which is another complexity. And there is no way of approaching some truth about reality, even if it is transitory and unstable, that is not from a complexity. And that complexity is always in movement and always different, and in that it resembles itself: reality is constituted by multiple realities in movement, in construction and in deconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a descriptive review of the book Methods and Techniques of Scientific Research, organized by LúciaVaz de Campos Moreira and Jardelino Menegat, published by Editora Dialética in 2021. This paper is intended to be an appreciation of this book in search of methodological contributions to guide research, funded by Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa no Rio de Janeiro - FAPERJ. this research deals with social rent in the city of Petrópolis - RJ. The text contains bibliographical data, a panoramic presentation and a summary of the book reviewed. It also contains a reflection on the importance of the book for scientificarea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a bibliographical review of some methodologies of design of experiments is carried out, focusing on its function and relevance within the experiments, where the importance of the designs of experiments within the investigation is highlighted using examples of the strategies and designs of experiments. In the first place, a review was carried out that would allow the introduction of the concept of design of experiments, how it was conceived, its principles and its relationship with the investigation, including the main elements of which designs of experiments are composed, and some assumptions to be considered at the time of apply an experimental design in research are included. In addition, different methodologies used by some authors in experiments are shown, what they are and a basic notion of the different methodologies used in the research, focusing on the differences between each one of them and why to use them according to the need of the experiment, then from this, different examples of the different experimental design methodologies used in research articles focused on polymeric materials were carried out, in these examples the different variables of the experiment were stood up, what was the purpose of the investigation and why they opted for the design of experiments they mention. Finally, after carrying out the bibliographical review, it was found that in most of the experimental design applied to the field of experimentation, it allows optimizing the resources without the need to make many attempts. In fact, depending on the type of experiment, it will be feasible to choose a design that is accommodate the needs of the researchers, according to the objectives set in the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Group practices are widely used in qualitative health research, being fundamental to produce knowledge based on the sharing of identities, territories, and knowledge. The focus group and the dialogue circle are devices and exemplary methods of qualitative research, which enhance the production of knowledge with ethics and humanization. Its uses and applications in qualitative research are diverse; Goals: The objective of this work is to reflect on the use of group practices in qualitative health research, analyzing the performance and potential of the focus group and dialogue circles with vulnerable people and communities in Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Methods In the form of an essay, the work analyzes "the senses of the wheel" to reflect on bonding, network, techniques and group process in qualitative research in health. The essay is taken here as a form of resistance and production of collective and dialectical knowledge. A form of conversation with knowledge; Results The first reflection is in the "Construction of the wheel", where the concepts of bonding and care in group practices are analyzed. It then moves on to "The wheel turns" to reflect on the techniques and group process in qualitative research, and finally, it analyzes "a network of wheels" through which knowledge has been produced aimed at welcoming and empowering people and communities in a situation of vulnerability. Conclusions. Group practices are powerful devices to produce knowledge in health, as they are based on the production of subjectivities, which at the same time reveal and strengthen them. The group is, so to speak, a technique and process of qualitative research that is based on the ethics and humanization of the production of knowledge involved with the transformation of reality and people. In vulnerable situations, group practices produce knowledge, while promoting acceptance and empowerment of people and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: the inverted classroom is a blended learning modality, where students learn the concepts by themselves, usually using educational videos, audio files and other technologies, through collaboration among peers in online communities. Objective: to propose an inverted classroom method for gerontogeriatric training in Medicine students. Methods: a cross-sectional observational study was carried out using scientific methods: document review, direct observation in the field, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, systemic and descriptive statistics. Results: an inverted classroom method is provided for the gerontogeriatric training of Medicine students that combines face-to-face and virtual modalities from the interaction between the forms of organization of medical teaching and education at work in the Primary Health Care: consultation and home field visit. Conclusions: the inverted classroom is a context that favors the gerontogeriatric training of the Medicine student since it revitalizes and transforms the traditional conceptions and approaches of teaching-learning, by achieving a greater student role, increased autonomy, instantaneous, interconnection, multimedia and the creativity and innovation of the student in the solution of health problems of the elderly, as well as the use of the resources and virtual learning environments’ potential that it possesses, combining face-to-face and virtual teaching modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to investigate the scientific production in the area of nursing on the Sensitive Creative Method. Method: descriptive research, with a quantitative approach, of the bibliometric review type. Results: two hundred and ninety-three (293) documents were retrieved, of which 97 are present in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database, 184 in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, six in Scopus and six in the Web of Science. In short, publications in English (69.9%) and Portuguese (22.5%) stand out, as well as the availability in the format of scientific articles (96.6%) between 1967 and 2022. Nurse Education magazine owns 30 publications. The most used terms in the indexing of the searches were "Humans", "Creativity", "Methods", "Psychology" and "Teaching". The main authors in the area were Ivone Evangelista Cabral, Liliane Faria da Silva and Eliane Tatsch Neves. Conclusion: we identified an increase in the behavior of information about the sensitive creative method in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, Higher Education Institutions have been committed to adapting medical teaching to new educational paradigms, integrating new tools and active methods into the teaching-learning process. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the teaching methods formally adopted in the teaching-learning process of Medicine courses in the country. This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative and analytical approach. Data were obtained by consulting the portal of the Medical Schools of Brazil, pedagogical course project and institutional websites. Of the 258 schools analyzed, 200 (77.5%) adopted active learning methodologies as their central teaching method. The North (94.7%) and Northeast (83.6%) regions were the ones that concentrated the largest number of institutions that formally incorporated methodologies that privilege active participation in comparison to the traditional teaching method. Furthermore, active methods were observed more frequently in private schools (80.8%) and in small/medium-sized municipalities (82.6%), demonstrating a growing movement of courses to adapt to active teaching methods. The most recent medical schools, created in 2013, were the ones with the highest rates of active methods compared to traditional ones (94.1% versus 75%, p=0.014). Despite advances, the inclusion of active methods in medical curricula is still a major challenge, as the integration of active learning methodologies requires consistency with the pedagogical proposal of the course, evaluation, planning and engagement of the multiple social subjects that participate in this pedagogical process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the situational diagnostic of a group of units producing medical rehabilitation services (UPMRS) in Peru from 2019 to 2020. Methods: This a cross-sectional study that included a secondary analysis of an evaluation performed by the Dirección Ejecutiva de Investigación y Docencia en Prevención de Riesgos y Promoción de la Salud of the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Dra. Adriana Rebaza Flores" AMISTAD PERÚ -- JAPÓN a UPMRS from 2019 to 2020. Variables included in the analyses were achievement of infrastructure, equipment, documents of administration, guidelines of clinical practice, human resources and total achievement. The minimal score per achievement was 0% and the maximum was 100%. Achievements stratified by region and categorization were made. Results: Fourteen PMRS were included; six (42.9%) were category III-1 and six (42.9%) were from Lima Region. Best achievement was in functions (74.1%) and worst was in human resources and procedures (41.9% and 40.8%, respectively). Finally, total achievement had a mean score of 58.3%±14.6%. Conclusions: UPMRS had better achievements in functions and worse in human resources and procedures, total achievement was 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article starts by considering how 'the talk' that black and non-black minority families give to their children comes as a duty to transfer the wisdom of how to be invisible forward through generations. It is not uncommon to think about being visible as a social good, but this is not quite so straightforward when one occupies a body deemed as 'other.' This article exposes this tension to explore how invisibility can be understood as an independent, complex, and nuanced social dynamic in its own right by considering literature that uses invisibility as an analytical lens, providing a synthesis of that literature to offer a preliminary multidimensional model of invisibility to extend extant tools for sociological study. This literature considers race, gender, sexuality, various presentations of power, and different social systems to demonstrate a model that identifies how the intersection of power, affect, presence, and voice fluidly transfigure across time and space to create an overall social construct of invisibility. This suggests that deeper development of a multidimensional construct of invisibility can provide a reasoned and valuable additional lens to address a range of social dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preparing a thesis implies executing logical-argumentative thinking. Ontogenetic, epistemological and psychological obstacles happen to appear in the development process. This research shows how the use of Toulmin's argumentative model and a set of psychodidactical strategies supported by the understanding of these obstacles by the thesis advisors or supervising professor, are beneficial for the successful execution of this type of logical thinking. These strategies are: 1) strategies to facilitate the logical course of thought; 2) strategies to strengthen the scientific self, and 3) strategies to facilitate the act of writing the text. To prove the benefit of both tools it is important to highlight the behaviour of the degree efficiency of eight postgraduate generations in Psychology from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (from 2011 to 2019, with a total of 77 students) who have succeeded with the use of both tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of the process of democratic transition, the Mexican government opened the archives of the Dirección Federal de Seguridad in 2002. Created after World War II, the mandate of this agency was to protect the country from internal and external subversion. When decommissioned, the archives joined the Archivo General de la Nación, which is housed in the former Lecumberri prison in Mexico City. The archives help to outline the development of new technologies of state power that underpinned Mexico's Dirty War. Working with such documents therefore poses significant methodological and ethical challenges. This article addresses several of these challenges. It first addresses the complex transitions represented through the prison-turned-archive and highlights the ways in which access to the archives has been politicized and tenuous. The article draws on the concepts of "state fixations" and "fugitive landscapes" developed by Craib (2004) to explore the spatialities of power and resistance represented through the archives. Drawing on archival material that documents a significant university movement that emerged in the 1970s in Oaxaca, this article presents a range of strategies for building an explicit geography of student mobilization and state repression in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We hypothesized that there are gaps in knowledge about the managers of the Unified Health System (SUS) and that the term manager is used to designate different actors. Objective: To map the scientific production and synthesize the evidence on SUS managers from a scoping review. Method: Scoping review guided by PRISMA-ScR. The 'population, concept, context' approach was followed to formulate the research question: What are the characteristics of publications and the main scientific evidence on SUS managers? Studies were searched in scientific literature bases from the combination of 53 terms. Selection was performed by reading titles, abstracts, and methods, followed by full analytical reading. The data were submitted to the usual techniques of descriptive statistical analysis and content analysis. Results: 51 publications were analyzed. There was a predominance of qualitative studies carried out with municipal managers in the South and Southeast regions. Evidence was found on the profile, attributions, and attributes of the manager and, to a lesser extent, on the perceptions of managers about their role. Conclusions: There were different uses of the term manager, a reduced number of studies that take SUS managers as the focus of analysis, and scarcity of evidence on state and federal managers. The scoping review proved to be a useful and rigorous method for mapping evidence and identifying gaps in knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of measuring food security in Mexico is described. Its complexity is approached from the dimensions (availability, access, use and stability), methodologies and methods. A meta-analysis was carried out using three important data repositories: Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar, for the period 2000-2021 with emphasis on the country. In addition, a bibliometric analysis and network visualization of the co-occurrence relationships between keywords used in 55 scientific articles were included. The results show an increase in the study of food safety since 2009 and to date. It highlights the use of the four dimensions proposed by FAO for the study of food security in different ways. However, it is also common to study it from a single or dimensionless approach. The most prominent methodologies focus on the use of indicators, indices and surveys such as Ensanut. Also different statistical analyzes such as the principal components method and various mixed lines or linear models. It has been common to find studies that do not follow any specific method, however, some of them are based on the definitions proposed by FAO or measurement scales such as the Mexican Scale of Food Security or the Latin American and Caribbean Scale of Food Security. Although Mexican food security has been studied in different ways, there are still gaps to be resolved, it being evident that it is necessary to continue with the measurement incorporating more complete analyzes and at smaller scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The areas of interest in educational technology have been changing in relation to the evolution of the discipline. Technological developments and new educational approaches have allowed it to undergo an evolution in terms of topics, approaches and research methodologies. This article presents a study of the areas of interest and research topics in this discipline, through the analysis of its evolution, from instructional design and comparative studies, through the new approaches that integrate the different learning theories, to the impact of the development of new teaching modalities, such as e-learning. The analysis of the current state allows us to compile possible lines of future research in terms of subject matter, methodological approach, contexts and participants, which may be of interest to the scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The training of professionals must be based on scientific and innovative bases that allow higher results, adequate academic performance and teacher preparation. In recent years, the pedagogy and didactics of technical sciences have been the subject of vast studies, an imprint in which this research is carried out, from which the article is derived, the objective of which is to exchange the background and initial results on improvement of the academic performance of technical science students from the selection of teaching-learning methods and media. The influence of this on the academic performance of the students in the sample is assessed, from the particularities of two subjects, the professional model and the systemic approach. The results obtained allow a preliminary generalization that underlines this relationship in the training of technical science professionals, especially in this type of subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More human geographers could benefit from analyzing blogs as a method in their research. Blogs are time capsules of data that can provide incredibly useful and otherwise potentially unattainable snapshots of the author's thoughts and opinions at a specific point in time. This article draws empirically on a recent research project where blogs acted as caches of information that provided two main benefits. First, blogs were effective as preliminary sources for the array and quality of historical data stored in the blogs, helping to follow historical pathways and ensuring strong preliminary data that shaped further data collection. Second, blogs supplied accurate and detailed information that could be directly cited in the research and otherwise proved difficult to find on the opinions and motives of actors at that time, providing unique insights into their behaviors and consequent impacts on the economic landscape. Although not without limitations, blog analysis offers many potential benefits for human geographers and this article provides insights into how they can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specifically, I analyzed the impact of Virunga National Park (VNP) on 2 ecological outcomes: tree cover loss and carbon storage. The inclusion of spatially lagged tree cover in 2000 lead to a 1.3 percentage point decrease in the impact of VNP on tree cover loss. The estimated effect for tree cover loss was 2.8 larger in the optimistic models (-13.1 percentage points decrease in tree cover loss) than in the pessimistic models (-4.8). Keywords: carbon storage; Democratic Republic of Congo; matching; methods; protected areas; reproducibility crisis; research practices; transparency; tree cover loss; almacenamiento de carbono; áreas protegidas; crisis de reproducibilidad; emparejamiento; métodos; pérdida de la cobertura arbórea; prácticas de investigación; República Democrática del Congo; transparencia; , , , , , , , , EN carbon storage Democratic Republic of Congo matching methods protected areas reproducibility crisis research practices transparency tree cover loss almacenamiento de carbono áreas protegidas crisis de reproducibilidad emparejamiento métodos pérdida de la cobertura arbórea prácticas de investigación República Democrática del Congo transparencia , , , , , , , , 1615 1626 12 10/05/21 20211001 NES 211001 Introduction Large variations in the results of statistical studies may be difficult to avoid, even by experts with the best intentions. [Extracted from the article]

Research related to risk factors for diseases, as well as prognostic factors for various health problems, are frequent proposals for completion projects in the specialty. This article exemplifies, through different variants for carrying out these investigations, the achievement of the essential relationship between the research problem, the objective and the methodological design of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this review work was to present the state of the art of methodologies and advances in coffee genetic improvement over time. Coffee (Coffe sp.) Is a highly valued crop for its consumption as a beverage. There are about 130 species of coffee, and the most cultivated are: Coffe arabica, C. canephora and C. liberica. The different levels of ploidy in the genus Coffea hinder the introduction of agronomic and quality characteristics from diploid species to tetraploid species. Therefore, the genetic improvement of coffee based on conventional methodologies is a long and tedious process, which can last up to more than 30 years. However, in recent decades biotechnological techniques have been developed that may well contribute to introducing the desired characteristics and accelerating genetic improvement processes. These methods are described in this article, to finally discuss the challenges and prospects for improvement. coffee genetics in the South of Manabí. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion of rapid HIV screening tests in community pharmacies can improve the detection of undiagnosed infections. Pharmacies are valuable partners in health promotion efforts and can be an accessible health resource for their inclusion. However, concerns were raised regarding the readiness of community pharmacies to provide this service, as well as the availability and preparation of the pharmacy workforce. In this exploratory study, a questionnaire was applied to community pharmacy professionals who work in the municipality of Braga (N = 64). Ninety-five percent of pharmacies were physically ready to provide this service. Pharmacy professionals were aware of the different types of tests available and more than 50% were willing to play a central role in the HIV screening process. Most respondents believe that this type of test provides "greater disease control" (27.3%), "quick results" (25.6%) and "accessibility" (25%). However, 95% of surveyed professionals consider that mandatory prior training should be required, namely on "how to deal with positive results", but also on the fundamentals of HIV infection, transmission and treatment options. This exploratory study shows that pharmacies are physically prepared to provide rapid tests and that most professionals are willing to participate. However, a focus on mandatory training and a general code of conduct must be defined, in order to provide quality service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the spread of the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide has not only impacted the main tourist destinations in the country, buy also local destinations were paralyzed due to the closure of different entrepreneurs linked to the tourist activity. Despite the restrictions imposed by the health authorities in relation to hours of operation and protocols on customer service, micro and small enterprises (MSEs) that have found a variety of ways to adjust to the situation; In other words, they have generated a series of organizational resilience (OR) strategies through which they have been able to face the crisis, guaranteeing their permanence in the market. In this sense, the aim is to describe the organizational resilience strategies adopted by micro and small tourism entrepreneurs in the city of Pachuca de Soto, Hidalgo during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order highlight the capacity for learning and innovation that has allowed them their permanence in the market. Method: This research is an exploratory, descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional work. The methodological design is made up of three phases. Starting from some official databases, in the first phase a database of tourist MSEs located in the municipality of Pachuca de Soto was prepared. In the second phase, an online questionnaire was applied to entrepreneurs, managers of tourist MSEs; The questionnaire sought to identify the OR strategies adopted by tourism companies during the pandemic, focusing on those of an organizational nature: learning capacity, risk taking, openness to change, strategic alliances and labor changes. Finally, third phase consisted of the statistical calculation of the answers given to each of the questions by the entrepreneurs and, also in their graphic representation. Results: 74 % of the MSEs considered in this study considered the incorporation of new methods and forms of marketing of their products and services to face the restrictions imposed of the sales to the customer; In particular, it is the food and beverage and hospitality companies that have mostly adopted these strategies. It was also identified that the use of information technologies, particularly the use of social networks, is the strategy that best reflects the learning capacity of the MSEs during the health crisis. Discussion or conclusion: This research work highlights the capacity of MSEs for change and learning, the formation of alliances and the assumption of risks as the main resilience strategies developed by these organizations to face the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern science there is a permanent search for new effective forms of organization of the educational process in physical training at higher education institutions of different orientation. The article presents a solution of the actual scientific and practical task of improving the level of physical fitness of students and increasing the readiness of young people of military age to fulfill their national service obligation and advancement of the content of physical education in agrarian institutions of higher education by means of the program of sectional classes using the means of MMA. Due to the conducted research, for the first time, the structure and content of the program of sectional classes with the priority use of means of MMA all-around in physical education of students of institutions of higher education has been scientifically substantiated; the effectiveness of the use of means of military sports all-around for students of agricultural institutions of higher education was determined by indicators of their physical condition, physical development, functional and psychological state, physical fitness. The effectiveness of the author's program is confirmed by the improvement of functional capabilities, normalization of physical condition, enhancement of the level of physical fitness, increase of interest of young men to engage in physical education and importance of instrumental and terminal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The criminalization of some jobs can be traced in the law system of all countries. The criteria for this criminalization vary according to the legal system of each country. In Iran, job criminalization is based on the approach of Imami jurisprudence, which is a text-oriented and sometimes intellectoriented paradigm. Therefore, jurisprudence determines whether a job is criminal or not. Along with theology and ethics, the science of jurisprudence constitutes the three scientific pillars of Islam. The relationship between these three is one of the fundamental discussions that have great impacts on the attitude of scholars of jurisprudence in dealing with issues. Among these, the relationship between ethics and jurisprudence is very important because these two are formed on the basis of instructions and warnings and it has caused a disagreement among Islamic scholars about their relationship. Some deny their relationship, some believe that ethics requires jurisprudence, and some consider jurisprudence to require ethical supervision. These variations have led to differences in their perceptions of issues. Of course, looking at the meaning of ethics and jurisprudence, it is clear that the two are in close contact with each other, and since human behavior must be accepted by God in order to lead to human happiness, ethics acts as an observer of jurisprudence. This effect is sometimes based on the imaginary and affirmative principles of jurisprudence, and sometimes on the methods of jurisprudence. These effects can be observed in the difference between a job criminalization, which is mentioned in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to make an analysis of the components of the teaching-learning process of law and its meaning in the preparation and training of the cadres and officials of State and Government in Cuba at the present time. Important categories of the didactics are systematized and proposals are made to improve the process in the legal preparation of the public administration managers. There were determined the theoretical-methodological foundations of the teaching and learning of law, related to its process character and the interrelation among its components. Important categories of the didactics of law in general were defined and contextualized to the teaching-learning process in the preparation of public officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the third year of elementary school, after three full school years, 22% of students can read only single words in Brazil (INEP, 2016). Difficulties with reading and writing are associated with the teaching method and the absence of appropriate literacy practices. Most children that have learning difficulties can overcome it with proper instruction. The central issue discussed in this article is that for the children to learn to read, it is necessary to explicitly teach them to read. Therefore, this paper aim to (1) discuss and bring effective examples of how neuroscientific theories of reading can help us find the more effective method of literacy and teaching reading, and (2) the creation of an informative brochure for elementary school teachers, whose focus is to illustrate and make practical suggestions on scientific evidence-based literacy. Based on evidence from neuroscientific studies that underline the importance of teaching the alphabetical principle and the development of phonological awareness, we have prepared a pamphlet with practical tips and techniques for teaching reading based on the phonic method, a method that corresponds to the evidence from neuroscientific studies reviewed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflecting the pedagogical practices practiced by higher education teachers is necessary for the advancement in the quality of teaching, professional improvement and growth and reach of indicators by Higher Education Institutions. The realization of pedagogical workshops with teachers can stimulate these professionals to motivate and reflect on the importance of the use of active methodologies in the teaching and learning process. The objective was to provoke anxiety and encourage teachers to exchange experiences about practices and adoption of active methodologies in the teaching and learning process in HEI. The method used in the Workshop refers to a case study with a qualitative approach. The activities were organized in five blocks, the first comprised the reception and opening of the participating teachers, followed by a round of questions of discussion with three reflective questions, the third one and the fourth with two triggers and the fifth block with presentation a critical synthesis from the reports and arguments presented by the teachers and evaluation of the workshop. The productions elaborated in the Workshop show that teachers use active methodologies in class, recognize the scenario of the performance of the IES and the attending public, have a very positive view regarding their professional training and practice and are less positive in relation to the academics under their supervision responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this article is to report the experience lived by the team that is part of the Pet Terapia project at the Federal University of Pelotas in the planning and development of interactive workshops on the theme of Animal-Assisted Interventions. Methods: The workshops took place during the meetings promoted by the Federal University of Pelotas, respectively in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019. Undergraduate students, graduate students, teachers and the university community in general participated. Taught in an expository and interactive way, with presentations of topics and images of Pet Terapia experiences, in addition to the interaction of participants with dogs co-therapists of the project. Results: The broadening of the understanding in relation to the Animal-assisted interventions in which the interactive, workshop methodology was used pointed out that the participants understood this therapeutic approach as a strategy capable of being incorporated into health care by a multidisciplinar team. Conclusion: It is concluded that, the realization of interactive workshops contribute to facilitate the expansion of the knowledge of the academic community and health professionals about Animal-assisted interventions as a complementary health care practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to identify the characteristics of articles published on company valuation in Brazil between 2009 and 2018. To achieve the objective, a bibliometric research with a quantitative approach was carried out and data collection was done through the SPELL platform. The main results were that most articles on company valuation were published in 2013 and 2018, have three authors, the HEI that most published on the topic was UFG and the most used method was Discounted Cash Flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humanity has affected almost every ecosystem on Earth; it has even changed how the Earth works, ushering in a new geological epoch: the Anthropocene. Climate change, biodiversity loss and the growing plastic soup in the oceans are all facets of this new epoch. Tourism is a main force behind the emergence of the Anthropocene and is also greatly impacted by it. To learn to live within the Earth’s bounds requires a paradigm change that transcends the ‘old ways of doing things’. Education offers our best chance of endowing new generations of professionals with the knowledge and skills to bring this paradigm change about, also in tourism. This Special Issue provides examples of methods, tools, and approaches to address environmental challenges and sustainable gaps in tourism education. The collection of articles emphasises the relevance of new technologies, fieldwork, and student involvement as building blocks for new teaching paradigms in response to the environmental challenges and tourism dynamics occurring in the Anthropocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is known that reading difficulties may be related to problems in teaching, such as literacy teacher training, literacy methods and didactic materials used. Thus, the general objective of the present study was to analyze the perception of literacy teachers regarding the difficulties encountered during the alphabetization process. For the data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was used with 28 teachers from the 1st to 3rd year of Elementary School - initial years, from public schools in a municipality in northern Paraná. Based on the analysis of the results, which was based on the Discursive Textual Analysis, it was evidenced that most of the participants: do not know how to differentiate alphabetization from literacy; make use of the synthetic method; have difficulties in literacy and does not relate theyr methodology to the possible difficulties presented by the students. It is suggested, therefore, a greater theoretical and methodological contribution, resulting from the initial and continuous training, which allows the knowledge of strategies to work with individuals who present learning difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the experience with the use of the problematizing methodology uses the Maguerez Arch in extension actions of integration between epidemiological surveillance and health care. Methods: Experience report of students of the undergraduate Nursing course, in a university extension project, in which problematizing methodology with the Maguerez Arch was used. Results: The stage that led to the identification of the problem in the compulsory notification of diseases and conditions also stimulated the development of the competence to diagnose health problems and decision-making skills. Meanwhile, the steps that led to the choice and implementation of the intervention with educational activities stimulated the development of the skills to intervene in health problems; communication and permanent education. Conclusion: The use of a teaching-learning methodology to solve a real problem and applied to extension actions contributed to the development of important competences and skills in training as Nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistical testing methods are essential tools to measure and analyze the data obtained through research in dental morphology. This descriptive study analyzes the different statistical testing methods in order to suggest its appropriate use and manage in the interpretation and analysis of quantitative and/or qualitative data of dentistry investigations. The knowledge obtained through this study could orient students and/or interested professionals to decide, with theoretical basis, which one to use in the development of their research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphs are a visual aid used in articles to highlight the results of an investigation. These allow to illustrate the results in order to make them clearer. The graphs, just like the statistical tests, are selected based on the objective of the study, the types of variable and the statistical analyzes that are to be illustrated. Among the graphs most used in clinical practice are the frequency histograms that illustrate qualitative variables or frequencies, the error graphs are used for quantitative variables with normal distribution, the box graph or violin graph for free quantitative variables distribution and survival curves for the variables that include the variable time/person. These same graphs can be used to illustrate the comparisons between maneuvers and outcome depending on the type of variable that is analyzed. When two groups are compared and the dependent variable is dichotomous, forest plots are used. For multivariate models, the graph depends on the type of analysis. In the case of logistic regression, a tree graph is used, for linear regression, the scatter graph, and survival graphs are used for Cox proportional hazards. Although graphs can be especially useful, if they are misused, they can show differences where there are none, causing misinterpretation of the studies. In this article we will complement with examples the topics previously addressed in the articles in this series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The recognition of nurses autonomy can only be achieved if it is correctly measured and validated. In this sense, it is imperative to evaluate their knowledge, recognizing their decisive role. Objective: To validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Knowledge Questionnaire about Autonomous Nursing Interventions for patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Methodology: Methodological, descriptive, analytical-correlational and cross-sectional study. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 738 Portuguese nurses enrolled in the Ordem dos Enfermeiros. Results: The average age was 37.57 years, 76.0% of which were women. After the refinement of the questionnaire, the confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable quality of adjustment of the factor structure composed of 9 factors with 44 items (x²/gl = 2.042; CFI = 0.846; GFI = 0.826; RMSEA = 0.053; RMR = 0.069). The overall internal consistency was α = 0.930, showing high reliability, explaining 56.739% of total variance. Conclusion: The questionnaire is reliable and valid, revealing the potential for investigation, monitoring and evaluation of nurses' knowledge in a training context and clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Home matters, for people's everyday life and for social research, in ways that are still lacking a systematic sociological framework of analysis. As a contribution toward this framework, we define home as an emplaced relationship that prioritizes certain socio-material contexts over others, by virtue of the emotional, affective and practical values attached to them, in forms and degrees that change over space and time. This understanding highlights the interdependence between relational, cultural and structural aspects of home as a distinctive social experience. We then connect the sociological debate with the discourse on home across social sciences more broadly, with a particular emphasis on the heuristics, practices and multiscalarity of home. In terms of practical research, the methodological bases of 'home studies' are still in development, also regarding the prospects of translating and comparing home across socio-cultural and spatial contexts. Nonetheless, this Special Issue of Current Sociology opens up new ways to advance the field of home studies – theoretically in our opening paper, and empirically in the six articles that follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new analysis system for website quality evaluation is presented. It is characterized by its potential to interrelate and evaluate both technical and strategic aspects of a website. It has its origin in the premise that, although the technical aspects, which determine the website operability and functionality, have a great impact on its quality, they do not alone guarantee success. This approach differs from those commonly adopted by analysis systems for website quality evaluation, since most of them have been developed adopting a predominantly operational or functional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The surface basin is the area of the earth's surface where the raindrops that fall on it tend to be drained by the system of currents to the same exit point. In the present work, a comparison between different methods for the delimitation and codification of surface basins is developed, such as the Horton-Strahler, Shreve and Nancy Mora Method, indicating to each of them advantages and disadvantages, through the use of ArcMap Geographic Information System (GIS) 10.2.1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The different learning methodologies of higher education stood out in the last decades, in the sense of breaking the barriers of traditional teaching, purely expository and protagonized in the person of the teacher. In the defense of more active and transdisciplinary methods, this paper aims to associate, classify and understand andragogical practices – teaching and learning strategies developed for adults – through the film analysis of the Dead Poets Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of the study: This research aims to systematically review the frameworks (i.e. tools) proposed and applied by the literature on service innovation. Methodology / approach: The methodology is based on a systematic literature review, which included two main steps. The former revisited the work of Carlborg, Kindstrom, and Kowalkowski (2014), in which 28 articles were fully analyzed, whereas the latter comprised a complete novel bibliography review employing the Science Direct database, in which 109 articles were fully analyzed. Originality / Relevance: Overall, 87 Service Innovation Tools (SIT) were identified, analyzed, and classified concerning service innovation stages and sector contexts. Besides, the topics of New Service Development (NSD), Service Engineering (SE), and Service Design (SD) were discussed, especially regarding the main stages of the service innovation process. Main results: Results show that 87 SIT were applied in several sectors such as healthcare, education, tourism, among others. Theoretical / methodological contributions: This paper contributes to the literature on both services and innovation by examining a common-ground and under-researched topic: service innovation tools. Social / management contributions: Practitioners may benefit from an overall panorama of service innovation tools available for idea generation, analysis & requirements definition, and conceptual design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reworking, the lack of compatibility in the projects and delays are some of the problems in the construction industry. Companies have been reevaluating their management methods, seeking new tools that minimize these obstacles. BIM is a concept that allows to analyze all the processes of the building through a virtual model, before being built. The objective of the work is to demonstrate the feasibility of this technology and contribute to its dissemination. For the study, three research methods were used: analysis of the CBIC collection - Implementation of BIM for Builders and Developers; Open BIM seminar where the comments of the speakers were discussed and the cases of success of BIM use and; use of a questionnaire applied to engineers, architects and designers. The evaluation was positive even with the difficulties in the implementation of BIM. The use of BIM in the management of works, generates more control and prevents adversities during the construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban development is increasing across the Globe and having major impacts on the life histories of organisms, including their responses to the seasonality of the environment. Modified phenology is recognized as one of the more visible impacts of climate change, easy to study as well as to relate as a story to the public. Due to the location of the main academic centres, the main sources of data often come historically from the countryside, and more recently from metropolises and big cities in the Northern Hemisphere. However, for a better understanding of changes in seasonality at a global scale we recommend gathering more data from medium-sized towns and cities, especially in tropical regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the method of development of an educational technology as a guide application for the management of potential pediatric donors, carried out as a product of the Professional Master. Methodology: report of an applied scientific method. The steps proposed by Echer5 were used, with the perspective of presenting the path for the production of Educational Technology. Results: It is supported by the Theory of Basic Human Needs, Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions. Cross-mapping of selected indicators was performed based on basic human needs, resulting from pathophysiological changes and those perceived in clinical evaluation, with Nursing Diagnoses, according to NANDA-I taxonomy and Nursing interventions based on nursing diagnoses, under the optics of the maintenance of the organs to be donated. Conclusion: The Guide application will support the Nurse in the planning of safe nursing care and will provide a social impact on the process of transplantation in pediatrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability science is marked by a quarter century of conceptual and methodological development. Despite successful expansion and promising experiences, there are limitations to be considered. This article argues that novel methodologies and methods need to be developed and employed to better grasp the qualitative complexity of human life, including its multisensorial and aesthetic dimensions. The methodological perspectives of sensory ethnography and arts-based research are discussed and a case study, in which pertinent methods have been employed, is presented. The article ends with an outlook on the potential of artful and sensory sustainability science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human concern with the apprehension/understanding of reality in the academicscientific field goes through the problematic of how to approach the object in a coherent way and which theoretical-methodological criteria can/should be assumed by the researcher for the optimal development of the investigation. In this sense, the present text aims to discuss the main characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Methodologically it is a theoretical study, presented through the academic genre essay, based on incursions in the relevant literature. The manuscript presents the theoretical and practical bases that discursivize the notions of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. In the first perspective, the researcher assumes a universe of comparable objects, focusing on numerical indicators. In the second case, we assumed a universe of meanings, meanings, motives, aspirations, beliefs, values and attitudes focused on relationships, processes and phenomena. Thus, the analyzes indicate that there is not necessarily opposition, complementarity or complementarity between these ways of doing research. They are different ways of doing science for obtaining and processing information, therefore, relevant to science and society, which can and should be used in scientific daily life. Given the characteristics of theoretical and methodological approaches, it is essential to indicate that their bases and procedures are different in nature, however, it is perfectly possible, depending on the object / objective of the research, the dialogue and/or meeting of the two approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]