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The landmark 2016 Minimal Invasive Extracorporeal Technologies International Society (MiECTiS) position paper promoted the creation of a common language between cardiac surgeons, anesthesiologists and perfusionists which led to the development of a stable framework that paved the way for the advancement of minimal invasive perfusion and related technologies. The current expert consensus document offers an update in areas for which new evidence has emerged. In the light of published literature, modular minimal invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) has been established as a safe and effective perfusion technique that increases biocompatibility and ultimately ensures perfusion safety in all adult cardiac surgical procedures, including re-operations, aortic arch and emergency surgery. Moreover, it was recognized that incorporation of MiECC strategies advances minimal invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) by combining reduced surgical trauma with minimal physiologic derangements. Minimal Invasive Extracorporeal Technologies International Society considers MiECC as a physiologically-based multidisciplinary strategy for performing cardiac surgery that is associated with significant evidence-based clinical benefit that has accrued over the years. Widespread adoption of this technology is thus strongly advocated to obtain additional healthcare benefit while advancing patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome with multiple interactions between the failing myocardium and cerebral (dys-)functions. Bi-directional feedback interactions between the heart and the brain are inherent in the pathophysiology of HF: (i) the impaired cardiac function affects cerebral structure and functional capacity, and (ii) neuronal signals impact on the cardiovascular continuum. These interactions contribute to the symptomatic presentation of HF patients and affect many co-morbidities of HF. Moreover, neuro-cardiac feedback signals significantly promote aggravation and further progression of HF and are causal in the poor prognosis of HF. The diversity and complexity of heart and brain interactions make it difficult to develop a comprehensive overview. In this paper a systematic approach is proposed to develop a comprehensive atlas of related conditions, signals and disease mechanisms of the interactions between the heart and the brain in HF. The proposed taxonomy is based on pathophysiological principles. Impaired perfusion of the brain may represent one major category, with acute (cardio-embolic) or chronic (haemodynamic failure) low perfusion being sub-categories with mostly different consequences (i.e. ischaemic stroke or cognitive impairment, respectively). Further categories include impairment of higher cortical function (mood, cognition), f brain stem function (sympathetic over-activation, neuro-cardiac reflexes). Treatment-related interactions could be categorized as medical, interventional and device-related interactions. Also interactions due to specific diseases are categorized. A methodical approach to categorize the interdependency of heart and brain may help to integrate individual research areas into an overall picture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we elaborate a conception of what we call integrational creativity, which aims both to capture the richest kinds of human creativity and to bring together certain existing conceptions of creativity in a way that we hope will resonate with what people have had in mind in talking of creativity. These conceptions are those offered by Arthur Koestler, Margaret Boden, and two conceptual blending theorists, Gilles Fauconnier and Mark Turner; and we show how these conceptions and the criticisms that have been made of them can be accommodated within our integrational account. We also argue, drawing on the work of Immanuel Kant and Hartmut Rosa, that the integrating character of creativity is complemented by the resonating character of its appreciation. On our view, the heart of creativity lies in its integrating–resonating structure, and in the final part we note some of the implications for recent debates about creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractLet (A,B,C) be a recollement of extriangulated categories. In this paper, we provide bounds on the coresolution dimensions of the subcategories involved in A, B , and C . We show that a hereditary cotorsion pair in B can induce hereditary cotorsion pairs in A and C under certain conditions. Besides, we construct recollements of abelian categories from a recollement of extriangulated categories with respect to the hearts of cotorsion pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractMyocardial Infarction (MI) refers to damage to the heart tissue caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle due to a sudden blockage in the coronary arteries. This blockage is often a result of the accumulation of fat (cholesterol) forming plaques (atherosclerosis) in the arteries. Over time, these plaques can crack, leading to the formation of a clot (thrombus), which can block the artery and cause a heart attack. Risk factors for a heart attack include smoking, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, and genetic predisposition. Early diagnosis of MI is crucial. Thus, detecting and classifying MI is essential. This paper introduces a new hybrid approach for MI Classification using Spectrogram and Bayesian Optimization (MI-CSBO) for Electrocardiogram (ECG). First, ECG signals from the PTB Database (PTBDB) were converted from the time domain to the frequency domain using the spectrogram method. Then, a deep residual CNN was applied to the test and train datasets of ECG imaging data. The ECG dataset trained using the Deep Residual model was then acquired. Finally, the Bayesian approach, NCA feature selection, and various machine learning algorithms (k-NN, SVM, Tree, Bagged, Naïve Bayes, Ensemble) were used to derive performance measures. The MI-CSBO method achieved a 100% correct diagnosis rate, as detailed in the Experimental Results section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vascular tissue engineering is a promising approach for regenerating damaged blood vessels and developing new therapeutic approaches for heart disease treatment. To date, different sources of cells have been recognized that offer assistance within the recovery of heart supply routes and veins with distinctive capacities and are compelling for heart regeneration. However, some challenges still remain that need to be overcome to establish the full potential application of these cells. In this paper, we review the different cell sources used for vascular tissue engineering, focusing on extraembryonic tissue-derived cells (ESCs), and elucidate their roles in cardiovascular disease. In addition, we highlight the intricate interplay between mechanical and biochemical factors in regulating mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, offering insights into optimizing their application in vascular tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Set in the Capitalocene, this conceptual paper examines 'sustainability' in ecological education through a posthuman lens. I demonstrate how the Deleuzoguattarian concept of the refrain helps reconfigure the function of 'sustainability' as an affective force of unstable-stabilizing when facing increasingly violent climate crisis events. Currently, ecological education and 'sustainability' are presented as solutions to these effects. How 'sustainable' something is, is increasingly used as a standard to expound its virtues – especially in the marketing of products, consumables, and energy. However, aligning with eco-feminist new material critiques, I propose that sustainability has sedimented into a regime of inertia, functioning to perpetuate practices known to be harmful to the environment as an order-word of stoppage. This paper offers new perspectives to problems presented in the language of environmental education, in order to suggest radical reimaginings for practice in the development of pedagogy capable of harnessing the chaos of climate crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edgar Allan Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart" is a famous short story of crime fiction first published in 1843. The tale starts with an unnamed and unreliable narrator addressing an unknown person, often regarded as the reader, about the details of a crime that the narrator had committed in the past. The narrator repeatedly emphasizes that she is nervous yet she desperately attempts to rid herself of the accusation that she is insane. Thus, the narrator narrates many details of the crime in the hope of demonstrating her sane, intelligently crafted actions, and she also attempts to detail each step of thought before, during, and after the relevant crime. The narrator says that her motive was neither from hate nor a need for money but rather a suspenseful fear of the victim's pale blue eye. In the narration we are told about many things that took place during the crime, and how the narrator was ultimately caught by the police, and how she consequently confessed the crime. Many details such as the relationship between the narrator and the victim (who happened to be an old man), the clear motivation behind the crime, the gender of the narrator, and many other related issues are not sufficiently explained in the story. Nevertheless, critics have provided various ideas and interpretations as to what remained ambiguously unstated in the story. This paper aims to analyse the story with quite a different standpoint, that is to say, this paper signalizes the possibility that the narrator could be a young female servant who is secretly involved in some witchcraft practices. This hypothesis is established by highlighting relevant ritual elements in the tale which suggest that the narrative includes more than a mere portrayal of a perfect crime. Additionally, before launching into the examination of the story, this paper reviews some critics' significant suppositions as well as interpretations of some inexplicit notions of the story. In doing so, this prospective study will not only produce a coherent result that corresponds with Poe's general paradigm of story-telling, but it will also be somewhat strengthened by some findings drawn from the most significant, relevant studies. Hence, this paper will create a new spiritual reading that will fill in the resultant gaps in the studies that engaged this short story. And this will be achieved by linking-for the first time-his story with witchcraft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is a rare congenital anomaly defined by double discordance – atrioventricular and ventricular-arterial. ccTGA frequently has associated lesions, which influence long-term survival. The management of patients with ccTGA regarding the closure of defects and pacing strategies is often very challenging. Moreover, tricuspid valve regurgitation and its impact on the systemic right ventricle requires close monitoring and potentially timely interventions. In this paper, we present and discuss the management challenges raised by a patient with situs inversus totalis, dextrocardia, ccTGA, Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve, atrial septal defect, and complete atrioventricular block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne’s highly political magnum opus, is concerned with the struggle of its heroine against the overarching Puritan patriarchy, and it relates her resistance, denial and, finally, her reconciliation to the society that had cast her out and defamed her. This paper examines religious transformation in The Scarlet Letter, particularly in terms of its protagonist, Hester Prynne, according to the dialectic of subversion and containment. While Puritan society condemns her acts, Hester subverts aspects of this religious theocracy, throwing new light on their interpretation in order to contain them. These points of subversion and containment, as espoused by new historicist Stephen Greenblatt and cultural materialist Jonathan Dollimore, are the critical focus of this study. Hester’s subversions include her resilience against the presumption that she has committed a sin, her consecration of her actions and her criticism of predestination and the doctrine of grace. Alternatively, her containments present the reader with an alternative political vision that embraces freedom of conscience and the individual religion of the heart. Ultimately, this essay argues that Hester, by the end of the tale, displaces the Puritan theocracy and envisions a secular society in which a privatized sphere of activity is granted to individuals in order for them to exercise their political and religious liberties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human heart's remarkable vitality necessitates a deep understanding of its mechanics, particularly concerning cardiac device leads. This paper presents advancements in finite element modeling for cardiac leads and 3D heart models, leveraging computational simulations to assess lead behavior over time. Through detailed modeling and meshing techniques, we accurately captured the complex interactions between leads and heart tissue. Material properties were assigned based on ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards and in vivo exposure data, ensuring realistic simulations. Our results demonstrate close agreement between experimental and simulated data for silicone insulation in pacemaker leads, with a mean force tolerance of 19.6 N ± 3.6 N, an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 6.3 MPa ± 1.15 MPa, and a percentage elongation of 125% ± 18.8%, highlighting the effectiveness of simulation in predicting lead performance. Similarly, for polyurethane insulation in ICD leads, we found a mean force of 65.87 N ± 7.1 N, a UTS of 10.7 MPa ± 1.15 MPa, and a percentage elongation of 259.3% ± 21.4%. Additionally, for polyurethane insulation in CRT leads, we observed a mean force of 53.3 N ± 2.06 N, a UTS of 22.11 MPa ± 0.85 MPa, and a percentage elongation of 251.6% ± 13.2%. Correlation analysis revealed strong relationships between mechanical properties, further validating the simulation models. Classification models constructed using both experimental and simulated data exhibited high discriminative ability, underscoring the reliability of simulation in analyzing lead behavior. These findings contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve cardiac device lead design and optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth in computational power, sensor technology, and wearable devices has provided a solid foundation for all aspects of cardiac arrhythmia care. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been instrumental in bringing about significant changes in the prevention, risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of arrhythmia. This review examines the current state of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation, supraventricular arrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmia, hereditary channelopathies, and cardiac pacing. Furthermore, ChatGPT, which has gained attention recently, is addressed in this paper along with its potential applications in the field of arrhythmia. Additionally, the accuracy of arrhythmia diagnosis can be improved by identifying electrode misplacement or erroneous swapping of electrode position using AI. Remote monitoring has expanded greatly due to the emergence of contactless monitoring technology as wearable devices continue to develop and flourish. Parallel advances in AI computing power, ChatGPT, availability of large data sets, and more have greatly expanded applications in arrhythmia diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment. More precise algorithms based on big data, personalized risk assessment, telemedicine and mobile health, smart hardware and wearables, and the exploration of rare or complex types of arrhythmia are the future direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treatment has been widely explored as a therapy for myocardial infarction, peripheral ischemic vascular diseases, dilated cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Latest in vitro studies suggest that MSCs can differentiate into contractile cardiomyocytes. One of the best‐characterized MSCs products are MSCs‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are crucial paracrine effectors of MSCs. Based on previous works, paracrine effects of MSCs play a primary role in the regenerative ability. Hence, in the current paper, we focused our attention on an alternative approach, exploiting products derived from human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) rather than MSCs themselves, which may denote a cost‐effective and safer approach. The focus has been on EVs and the bioactive molecules they contain to evaluate their ability to influence the differentiation process toward cardiomyogenic lineage. The expression of GATA4, ACTC1, CX43, and Nkx2.5 was evaluated using Immunofluorescence, real time‐PCR, and Western blotting analyses. Furthermore, the expression profiling analysis of the microRNA hsa‐miR‐200c‐3p, targeting the GATA4 gene, was studied. The hsa‐miR‐200c‐3p was found significantly down‐regulated in both c‐hDPSCs + EVs‐hDPSCs and c‐hDPSCs + EVs‐HL‐1 compared to untreated c‐hDPSCs underlying a possible epigenetic mechanism behind the prevalent up‐regulation of its targeted GATA4 gene. The aim of the present work was to develop an in vitro model of hDPSCs able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in order to investigate the role of EVs derived from hDPSCs and derived from HL‐1 cardiomyocyte cell line in modulating the differentiation process toward cardiomyogenic lineage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As patients continue to live longer from diseases that predispose them to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction or failure, many more patients will require surgery for acute or chronic health issues. Because RV dysfunction results in significant perioperative morbidity if not adequately assessed or managed, understanding appropriate assessment and treatments is important in preventing subsequent morbidity and mortality in the perioperative period. In light of the epidemiology of right heart disease, a working knowledge of right heart anatomy and physiology and an understanding of the implications of right-sided heart function for perioperative care are essential for perioperative practitioners. However, a significant knowledge gap exists concerning this topic. This manuscript is one part of a collection of papers from the PeriOperative Quality Initiative (POQI) IX Conference focusing on "Current Perspectives on the Right Heart in the Perioperative Period." This review aims to provide perioperative clinicians with an essential understanding of right heart physiology by answering five key questions on this topic and providing an explanation of seven fundamental concepts concerning right heart physiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myocardial hypertrophy is the most common condition that accompanies heart development in children. Transcriptional gene expression regulating pathways play a critical role both in cardiac embryogenesis and in the pathogenesis of congenital hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, neonatal posthypoxic myocardial hypertrophy, and congenital heart diseases. This paper describes the state of cardiac gene expression and potential pharmacological modulators at different transcriptional levels. An experimental model of perinatal cardiac hypoxia showed the downregulated expression of genes responsible for cardiac muscle integrity and overexpressed genes associated with energy metabolism and apoptosis, which may provide a basis for a therapeutic approach. Current evidence suggests that RNA drugs, theaflavin, neuraminidase, proton pumps, and histone deacetylase inhibitors are promising pharmacological agents in progressive cardiac hypertrophy. The different points of application of the above drugs make combined use possible, potentiating the effects of inhibition in specific signaling pathways. The special role of N-acetyl cysteine in both the inhibition of several signaling pathways and the reduction of oxidative stress was emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medication errors are one of the biggest problems in healthcare. The medicines' poor labelling design (i.e. look-alike labels) is a well-recognised risk for potential confusion, wrong administration, and patient damage. Human factors and ergonomics (HFE) encourages the human-centred design of system elements, which might reduce medication errors and improve people's well-being and system performance. Objective: The aim of the present study is twofold: (i) to use a human reliability analysis technique to evaluate a medication administration task within a simulated scenario of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and (ii) to estimate the impact of a human-centred design (HCD) label in medication administration compared to a look-alike (LA) label. Method: This paper used a modified version of the human error assessment and reduction technique (HEART) to analyse a medication administration task in a simulated NICU scenario. The modified technique involved expert nurses quantifying the likelihood of unreliability of a task and rating the conditions, including medicine labels, which most affect the successful completion of the task. Results: Findings suggest that error producing conditions (EPCs), such as a shortage of time available for error detection and correction, no independent checking of output, and distractions, might increase human error probability (HEP) in administering medications. Results also showed that the assessed HEP and the relative percentage of contribution to unreliability reduced by more than 40% when the HCD label was evaluated compared to the LA label. Conclusion: Including labelling design based on HFE might help increase human reliability when administering medications under critical conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this study is to determine typical values of dose area product (DAP) and difference in the effective dose (ED) for pediatric electrophysiological procedures on the heart in relation to patient body mass. This paper also shows DAP and ED in relation to the indication, the arrhythmia substrate determined during the procedure, and in relation to the reason for using radiation. Organ doses are described as well. The subjects were children who have had an electrophysiological study done with a 3D mapping system and X-rays in two healthcare institutions. Children with congenital heart defects were excluded. There were 347 children included. Significant difference was noted between mass groups, while heavier children had higher values of DAP and ED. Median DAP in different mass groups was between 4.00 (IQR 1.00–14.00) to 26.33 (IQR 8.77–140.84) cGycm2. ED median was between 23.18 (IQR 5.21–67.70) to 60.96 (IQR 20.64–394.04) µSv. The highest DAP and ED in relation to indication were noted for premature ventricular contractions and ventricular tachycardia—27.65 (IQR 12.91–75.0) cGycm2 and 100.73 (IQR 53.31–258.10) µSv, respectively. In arrhythmia substrate groups, results were similar, and the highest doses were in ventricular substrates with DAP 29.62 (IQR 13.81–76.0) cGycm2 and ED 103.15 (IQR 60.78–266.99) µSv. Pediatric electrophysiology can be done with very low doses of X-rays when using 3D mapping systems compared to X-rays-based electrophysiology, or when compared to pediatric interventional cardiology or adult electrophysiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrocardiography is a commonly used diagnostic method based on reading electrical potentials on the human torso. Ischemia is a common pathology diagnosed with electrocardiography and also the subject of many forward and inverse simulation studies. In these studies, ischemia is usually modelled by imposing an unhealthy transmembrane potential on the diseased region without taking the associated change in electrical conductivity of the ischemic tissue into account. Our objective in this paper is to investigate numerically the effect of ischemic conductivities imposed on the ischemic region on the outcome of the forward electrocardiography problem of simulation of the ischemic heart. To achieve this objective, a finite element code was written to solve the bidomain problem on realistic thorax geometries with inhomogeneous and anisotropic conductivities. The geometric model for this study consists of a single two-dimensional slice of MRI data available from the University of Utah resources. Realistic conductivities are assigned to healthy and ischemic tissues which are refined to achieve higher spatial density in order to improve numerical solution accuracy. The results show that taking into account ischemic conductivity may significantly change the estimated torso potentials in the forward analysis. We conclude that ischemic heart tissue should be simulated not only by imposing an unhealthy transmembrane potential but also unhealthy conductivities in numerical studies to achieve a more accurate simulation of this pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Vladimir Petrovich Demikhov, a Soviet physiologist and surgeon, made meticulous attempts at reviving heart and lung transplantation in the last century. Herein, we present an English translation of Demikhov''s 1969 paper of Transplantation of the Heart, Lungs and other Organs (published in Eksperimental''naia Khirurgiia i Anesteziologiia), which represented a synopsis of his experiences with experimental transplantation. A brief account of Demikhov''s life and contributions to transplant medicine is also given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Exercise training (ET) and secondary prevention measures in cardiovascular disease aim to stimulate early physical activity and to facilitate recovery and improve health behaviours. ET has also been proposed for heart failure patients with a ventricular assist device (VAD), to help recovery in the patient's functional capacity. However, the existing evidence in support of ET in these patients remains limited. After a review of current knowledge on the causes of the persistence of limitation in exercise capacity in VAD recipients, and concerning the benefit of ET in VAD patients, the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology has developed the present document to provide practical advice on implementing ET. This includes appropriate screening to avoid complications and then starting with early mobilisation, ET prescription is individualised to meet the patient's needs. Finally, gaps in our knowledge are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IoT is an emerging technology that is rapidly gaining traction throughout the world. With the incredible power and capacity of IoT, anyone may connect to any network or service at any time, from anywhere. IoT-enabled gadgets have transformed the medical industry by granting unprecedented powers such as remote patient monitoring and self-monitoring. Accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is critical in the clinical ECG process since it is most often connected with a condition that might create serious difficulties in the body. Cardiologists and medical practitioners frequently utilize ECG to evaluate heart health. The human heart has an electric transmission system that creates regular electrical signals unintentionally and transmits them to the whole heart. Many individuals die as a result of heart disease all around the world. The doctor will be able to provide exceptional treatment to the patients, and the patients will be able to monitor their own health. This research offers an IoT-based ECG monitoring system that uses a heart rate sensor to create data and an intelligent hybrid classification algorithm to classify the data. ECG monitoring has become a widely used method for detecting cardiac problems. The following are the primary contributions of this paper: To begin, this paper introduces WISE (wearable IoT cloud-based health monitoring system), a unique system for real-time personal health monitoring. In order to offer real-time health monitoring, WISE uses the BASN (body area sensor network) infrastructure. Data from the BASN are instantly transferred to the cloud in WISE, and a lightweight wearable LCD may be incorporated to provide rapid access to real-time data. This hybrid model can manage with the problem of class imbalance in the ECG dataset, which will aid in the development of an IoT-based smart and accurate healthcare system. This research uses ADNN, which correctly predicts an abnormal ECG 98.1% of the time. The suggested hybrid model's results are compared to those of other classification models to determine its accuracy and suitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is the fourth largest institute in the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Surprisingly, there is a conspicuous void of policy studies related to the research activities of NHLBI in comparison to NIH or the National Cancer Institute. This paper investigates the likelihood that a business funded through NHLBI's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program will commercialize from its Phase IIB translational support. Commercialization is one performance metric that quantifies a policy dimension of the success of the funded SBIR project. Based on an empirical analysis of sixty-one Phase IIB projects, we find that the most significant covariate with the likelihood of commercialization is the growth in human capital within the business since the Phase IIB award. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we applied a chaos control method based on integro-differential equations for stabilization of an unstable cardiac rhythm, which is described by a variation of the modified Van der Pol equation. Chaos control with this method may be useful for stabilization of irregular heartbeat using a small perturbation. This method differs from other stabilization strategies by the absence of adjustable parameters and the lack of rough approximations in determining control functions whose control parameters are fixed by the properties of the unstable system itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is referred to a chronic metabolic disease signalized by elevated levels of blood glucose (also known as blood sugar level), which results over time in serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves in the body. A mathematical assessment of the diabetes model using the Caputo fractional order derivative operator is given in this research paper. The concept of a Caputo fractional order derivative is a novel class of noninteger order derivative that has many applications in real-life scenarios. The proposed model is represented by a set of fractional ordinary differential equations. The authors employed the Sumudu Transform Homotopy Perturbation Method (STHPM) for finding the series solutions of the model being studied. By giving various numerical values to the respective model parameters, graphical analysis is also performed. It is observed in the numerical discussion that a decrease in both fractional order and leads to decrease in the number of diabetic people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the author offers a new reading of Freud's "Remembering, Repeating and Working-through", examining the complex nature of central concepts that Freud presents within it. She demonstrates the text's special role in an ongoing effort of Freud's to articulate and ground the heart of his analytic insight that knowledge cures. While the insight itself is very well-known, the fact that Freud struggled throughout his life with its articulation and grounding is not. The struggle centered on questions pertaining to how analytic knowing could, not only enlighten the patient, but actually change his unconscious dynamics, and why the patient, having already "opted" for pathology in place of knowing would come to accept it; and ultimately, what was the nature of the knowledge offered in analysis and the individual's relationship to it that allowed for such dramatic changes to occur. The author briefly presents some of her earlier work on Freud's struggle with these issues and how Melanie Klein resolved them. It is in this context that she demonstrates how in Remembering, Repeating and Working-through" Freud may be seen to be taking important steps towards developing his ideas on analytic knowing and in ways that anticipate Klein's resolutions. This points to the close tie between Klein's and Freud's thinking on the nature of the analytic process and the person's desire for self-knowledge on which it relies, brings out the richness of this thinking and grounds its value to contemporary psychoanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In vitro reconstruction of highly mature engineered heart tissues (EHTs) is attempted for the selection of cardiotoxic drugs suitable for individual patients before administration. Mechanical contractile force generated in the EHTs is known to be a critical indicator for evaluating the EHT response. However, measuring contractile force requires anchoring the EHT in a tailored force‐sensing cell culture chamber, causing technical difficulties in the stable evaluation of contractile force in long‐term culture. This paper proposes a hydrogel‐sheathed human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived heart microtissue (H3M) that can provide an anchor‐free contractile force measurement platform in commonly used multi‐well plates. The contractile force associated with tissue formation and drug response is calculated by motion tracking and finite element analysis on the bending angle of the hydrogel sheath. From the experiment of the drug response, H3M is an excellent drug screening platform with high sensitivity and early testing capability compared to conventionally anchored EHT. This unique platform would be useful and versatile for regenerative therapy and drug discovery research in EHT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-covid19 era, every new wave of the pandemic causes an increased concern/interest among the masses to learn more about their state of well-being. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to come up with ubiquitous, low-cost, non-invasive tools for rapid and continuous monitoring of body vitals that reflect the status of one's overall health. In this backdrop, this work proposes a deep learning approach to turn a smartphone—the popular hand-held personal gadget—into a diagnostic tool to measure/monitor the three most important body vitals, i.e., pulse rate (PR), blood oxygen saturation level (aka SpO2), and respiratory rate (RR). Furthermore, we propose another method that could extract a single-lead electrocardiograph (ECG) of the subject. The proposed methods include the following core steps: subject records a small video of his/her fingertip by placing his/her finger on the rear camera of the smartphone, and the recorded video is pre-processed to extract the filtered and/or detrended video-photoplethysmography (vPPG) signal, which is then fed to custom-built convolutional neural networks (CNN), which eventually spit-out the vitals (PR, SpO2, and RR) as well as a single-lead ECG of the subject. To be precise, the contribution of this paper is twofold: (1) estimation of the three body vitals (PR, SpO2, RR) from the vPPG data using custom-built CNNs, vision transformer, and most importantly by CLIP model (a popular image-caption-generator model); (2) a novel discrete cosine transform+feedforward neural network-based method that translates the recorded video-PPG signal to a single-lead ECG signal. The significance of this work is twofold: (i) it allows rapid self-testing of body vitals (e.g., self-monitoring for covid19 symptoms), (ii) it enables rapid self-acquisition of a single-lead ECG, and thus allows early detection of atrial fibrillation (abormal heart beat or arrhythmia), which in turn could enable early intervention in response to a range of cardiovascular diseases, and could help save many precious lives. Our work could help reduce the burden on healthcare facilities and could lead to reduction in health insurance costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study looked at the development rate from the moment of fertilisation to hatching in both diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon. These two types of salmon have distinct physical and biological characteristics, including differences in their hearts, brains, digestive systems, their ability to handle different temperatures as eggs and after hatching, and their nutritional needs. The study did not find a significant difference in the rate at which the two types of embryos developed their physical characteristics. However, there were two notable differences between the two types of salmon. Triploid salmon hatched earlier than diploid salmon and reached the halfway point of hatching significantly sooner. Unfortunately, triploid salmon also experienced a higher rate of mortality. These findings provide valuable insights for future research involving Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon show distinct physiological differences including heart, brain, and digestive system morphology, propensity for certain deformities, temperature tolerance as eggs and once hatched, and different nutritional requirements. Whilst several studies have looked in detail at the rate of embryogenesis in diploid salmon, no study has compared the rate of embryogenesis between ploidies from fertilisation to hatch. This study based its assessment on a seminal paper by Gorodilov (1996) and used the same techniques to compare the rate at which triploid and diploid embryos developed morphological characteristics. Whilst no significant difference was found, this study provides well-needed justification for the assumption that both ploidies develop at the same rate and gives scientific weight to studies which involve manipulation at these stages of development. Two factors that did differ, however, were the timing of hatch, and mortality. Triploids hatched more quickly than diploids and reached 50% hatch at a significantly earlier point. Triploids also suffered from a significantly higher rate of mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the effective diagnosis of cardio vascular disease (CVD), anatomical characteristics of the heart must be examined, which depends on segmenting the cardiac tissues of interest and then classifying them into appropriate pathological groups. In recent years, deep learning (DL)‐based computer aided design (CAD) segmentation has been employed to automate the segmentation process. Despite the evolution of several DL methods, they still fail due to the shape variation of the heart in patients and the availability of a limited amount of data. This paper proposes an effective Saliency and Active Contour‐based Attention UNet3+ algorithm to segment the ventricles of the heart, which is a challenging task for most researchers, especially with an irregularly shaped right ventricle (RV) that varies over cardiac phases. The algorithm outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods in DC metrics, which proves its efficiency in automating the segmentation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart rate variability (HRV) serves as a significant physiological measure that mirrors the regulatory capacity of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. It not only indicates the extent of the autonomic nervous system's influence on heart function but also unveils the connection between emotions and psychological disorders. Currently, in the field of emotion recognition using HRV, most methods focus on feature extraction through the comprehensive analysis of signal characteristics; however, these methods lack in-depth analysis of the local features in the HRV signal and cannot fully utilize the information of the HRV signal. Therefore, we propose the HRV Emotion Recognition (HER) method, utilizing the amplitude level quantization (ALQ) technique for feature extraction. First, we employ the emotion quantification analysis (EQA) technique to impartially assess the semantic resemblance of emotions within the domain of emotional arousal. Then, we use the ALQ method to extract rich local information features by analyzing the local information in each frequency range of the HRV signal. Finally, the extracted features are classified using a logistic regression (LR) classification algorithm, which can achieve efficient and accurate emotion recognition. According to the experiment findings, the approach surpasses existing techniques in emotion recognition accuracy, achieving an average accuracy rate of 84.3%. Therefore, the HER method proposed in this paper can effectively utilize the local features in HRV signals to achieve efficient and accurate emotion recognition. This will provide strong support for emotion research in psychology, medicine, and other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A paradigm shift in cancer treatment occurred with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). ICI therapy has improved tumor response and increased overall survival in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. While ICI therapy has improved overall patient outcomes in oncology, it has also introduced novel adverse effects called immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Studies have shown that the development of irAEs is associated with improved overall survival, but certain irAEs like pneumonitis and myocarditis are life threatening, and could result in death if not identified and treated early. Therefore, it is important for radiologists to be aware of complications arising from ICI administration, especially those related to the heart and lungs as they are associated with greater mortality. This paper will review the imaging features of cardiothoracic toxicities, recurrent and chronic irAEs, and atypical tumor responses associated with irAEs. • Imaging plays a key role in identifying the cardiothoracic complications of immunotherapy. • Some cardiothoracic complications are associated with high mortality and imaging plays a crucial role in their diagnosis. • Early detection of complications can prompt early initiation of treatment, allowing patients to continue immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subjects with bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) are at risk of developing valve dysfunction and need regular clinical imaging surveillance. Management of BAV involves manual and time-consuming segmentation of the aorta for assessing left ventricular function, jet velocity, gradient, shear stress, and valve area with aortic valve stenosis. This paper aims to employ machine learning-based (ML) segmentation as a potential for improved BAV assessment and reducing manual bias. The focus is on quantifying the relationship between valve morphology and vortical structures, and analyzing how valve morphology influences the aorta's susceptibility to shear stress that may lead to valve incompetence. The ML-based segmentation that is employed is trained on whole-body Computed Tomography (CT). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is acquired from six subjects, three with tricuspid aortic valves (TAV) and three functionally BAV, with right–left leaflet fusion. These are used for segmentation of the cardiovascular system and delineation of four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D-PCMRI) for quantification of vortical structures and wall shear stress. The ML-based segmentation model exhibits a high Dice score (0.86) for the heart organ, indicating a robust segmentation. However, the Dice score for the thoracic aorta is comparatively poor (0.72). It is found that wall shear stress is predominantly symmetric in TAVs. BAVs exhibit highly asymmetric wall shear stress, with the region opposite the fused coronary leaflets experiencing elevated tangential wall shear stress. This is due to the higher tangential velocity explained by helical flow, proximally of the sinutubal junction of the ascending aorta. ML-based segmentation not only reduces the runtime of assessing the hemodynamic effectiveness, but also identifies the significance of the tangential wall shear stress in addition to the axial wall shear stress that may lead to the progression of valve incompetence in BAVs, which could guide potential adjustments in surgical interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every society possesses systems for accessing, preserving, and transmitting its traditions. These are meant to ensure that privileged knowledge entrusted to reliable custodians is passed on unchanged between generations for the preservation of society. In Africa, scholars have advocated new hermeneutical approaches to the study of the Bible, arguing that the adoption of traditional methods of exegesis served as another instrument in the colonialists' toolkit to undermine the reception and preservation of Africa's sacred traditions. Using African Biblical Hermeneutics, this paper studies the processes for preserving Sacred Tradition in Psalm 40. Similar processes are found in African Indigenous Sacred Texts such as the mate masie of the Adinkra textual system. I argue, therefore, that a complementary reading of the texts of the two traditions could serve to de-link from the monocular vision of traditional exegesis and offer a much more fruitful approach to interpreting these texts and making them relevant to the contemporary African reader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide a calculus of mates for functors to the ∞-category of ∞-categories and extend Lurie's unstraightening equivalences to show that (op)lax natural transformations correspond to maps of (co)cartesian fibrations that do not necessarily preserve (co)cartesian edges. As a sample application, we obtain an equivalence between lax symmetric monoidal structures on right adjoint functors and oplax symmetric monoidal structures on the left adjoint functors between symmetric monoidal ∞-categories that is compatible with both horizontal and vertical composition of such structures. As the technical heart of the paper, we study various new types of fibrations over a product of two ∞-categories. In particular, we show how they can be dualised over one of the two factors and how they encode functors out of the Gray tensor product of (∞, 2)-categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we prove a stability estimate of the conductivity parameters identification problem in cardiac electrophysiology. The propagation of the electrical wave in the heart is described by the monodomain model coupled to an elliptic equation describing the diffusion of the electrical wave in the whole body. Our result concerns both heart and torso conductivity parameters. The main difficulty that we solve in this paper is related to the transmission conditions between the heart and the torso. We first, establish Carleman estimates for the coupled heart-torso system. Then, using these estimates and the Bukhgeim and Klibanov approach, we prove a Lipschitz stability estimate of cardiac and torso conductivity parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will seek to present and examine selected accounts from the RERC archive which have 'rural' at their heart. This will be done primarily by describing and analysing religious experiences that occur within a rural context or which have 'rural' as a key feature. Hand-in-hand with this analysis – and partly as a result of it – will be an application for the rural church to recognise the importance and significance of religious experience. Throughout, the related questions will be addressed: what is it about these experiences that should persuade the rural church to take them seriously and what form should any response(s) to them take? The paper concludes with some suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heart and seizures are closely linked by an indissoluble relationship that finds its basis in the cerebral limbic circuit whose mechanisms remain largely obscure. The differential diagnosis between seizures and syncopes has always been a cornerstone of the collaboration between cardiologists and neurologists and is renewed as a field of great interest for multidisciplinary collaboration in the era of the diffusion of prolonged telemonitoring units. The occurrence of ictal or post-ictal arrhythmias is currently a cause of great scientific debate with respect to the role and risks that these complications can generate (including sudden unexpected death in epilepsy). Furthermore, the study of epileptic seizures and the arrhythmological complications they cause (during and after seizures) also allows us to unravel the mechanisms that link them. Finally, intercritical arrhythmias may represent great potential in terms of the prevention of cardiological risk in epileptic patients as well as in the possible prediction of the seizures themselves. In this paper, we review the pertaining literature on this subject and propose a scheme of classification of the cases of arrhythmia temporally connected to seizures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudorabies (PR) is an acute and severe infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV). Once the virus infects pigs, it is difficult to eliminate, resulting in major economic losses to the global pig industry. In addition, reports of human infection with PRV suggest that the virus is a potential threat to human health; thus, its significance to public health should be considered. In this paper, the anti-PRV activities of emodin in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism of action were studied. The results showed that emodin inhibited the proliferation of PRV in PK15 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 0.127 mg/mL and a selection index of 5.52. The addition of emodin at different stages of viral infection showed that emodin inhibited intracellular replication. Emodin significantly inhibited the expression of the IE180, EP0, UL29, UL44, US6, and UL27 genes of PRV within 48 h. Emodin also significantly inhibited the expression of PRV gB and gD proteins. The molecular docking results suggested that emodin might form hydrogen bonds with PRV gB and gD proteins and affect the structure of viral proteins. Emodin effectively inhibited the apoptosis induced by PRV infection. Moreover, emodin showed a good protective effect on PRV-infected mice. During the experimental period, all the control PRV-infected mice died resulting in a survival rate of 0%, while the survival rate of emodin-treated mice was 28.5%. Emodin also significantly inhibited the replication of PRV in the heart, liver, brain, kidneys and lungs of mice and alleviated tissue and organ damage caused by PRV infection. Emodin was able to combat viral infection by regulating the levels of the cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-4 in the sera of infected mice. These results indicate that emodin has good anti-PRV activity in vitro and in vivo, and is expected to be a new agent for the prevention and control of PRV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new perspective on implementing neuroeducation in the classroom. The pandemic exacerbated the mental health issues of faculty and students, creating a mental health crisis that impairs learning. It is important to get our students back in "the zone", both cognitively and emotionally, by creating an ideal learning environment for capturing our students and keeping them—the Synergy Zone. Research that examines the classroom environment often focuses on the foreground—instructors' organizational and instructional aspects and content. However, the emotional climate of the classroom affects student well-being. This emotional climate would ideally exhibit the brain states of engagement, attention, connection, and enjoyment by addressing the mind, brain, and heart. This ideal learning environment would be achieved by combining proposed practices derived from three areas of research: flow theory, brain synchronization, and positive emotion with heart engagement. Each of these enhances the desired brain states in a way that the whole is greater than the sum of the individual parts. I call this the Synergy Zone. A limitation of this proposed model is that implementation of some aspects may be challenging, and professional development resources might be needed. This essay presenting this perspective provides the relevant scientific research and the educational implications of implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]