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The effects of tensile and compressive deformation on the structural stability, electronic structure and optical properties of the Zn atom-adsorbed borophene system, which are exhibited by reflectivity, absorption coefficient, bandgap and adsorption energy, were studied using the first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The borophene planes were found to be distorted following Zn atom adsorption. The adsorption energy calculations show that the stability decreases both under tensile and compressive strains. When tensile and compressive loading increase to 5%, respectively, the system loses the stability and the ability of adsorbing Zn atoms on borophene. The band structure and density of states analysis show that the band structure of borophene is changed by the Zn atom adsorption, with a band overlap near the Fermi level and more impurity energy levels in the conduction band. The hybridization is formed between Zn atom and borophene in the range of –12 eV to 6 eV, with the s and p orbitals both contributing to the conduction and valence bands, but p orbitals make a larger contribution to the total density of states than s orbitals. Studies of optical properties have shown that tensile and compressive strains both increase the dielectric constant of the adsorbed system, with compressive strains causing a redshift in the major peaks of the real and imaginary parts of the spectrum. The tensile strain has little effect on the absorption coefficient and reflectance of the borophene. As the compressive strain increases, the peak absorption coefficient of the adsorbed system is shifted to the blue and the peak reflectance is redshifted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of biaxial strain on O-doped monolayers MoS2 has been systematically studied by the first-principles calculations. It is shown that the strain decreases the structural stability of O-doped monolayer MoS2. Between 0% and 12% tensile strains, the bandgap steadily narrows. At different compression strains, the bandgap increases and then decreases. The optical properties analysis shows that the strain causes the peaks of both the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function to appear in the low energy region. And it affects the absorption and reflection peaks of the doping system so that it has a strong absorption of photons in the ultraviolet region. The doping system shows resonance in the range of 0–10 eV. The results of this study verify that strain can properly regulate the electronic and optical properties of O-doped monolayer MoS2, and provide a theoretical reference for the implementation of MoS2 in optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electronic and optical properties of hydrogenated silicene at different torsion angles are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT). It was found that when silicene was hydrogenated, the Si atoms were pulled out of plane due to covalent interactions between the Si and H atoms, increasing their flexural height to 0.731 Å. Torsional deformation decreases the structural stability of hydrogenated silicene and its adsorption energy decreases with increasing twist angle. Under the effect of torsion deformation, the bandgap of hydrogenated silicene increases and then decreases. The bandgap is 2.168 eV at a torsion angle of 0∘, indicating a wide bandgap semiconductor. Mulliken's charge population analysis shows that charge transfer occurs between Si–H atoms, with Si atoms losing electrons and becoming positively charged and H atoms gaining electrons and becoming negatively charged. From the analysis of optical properties, the torsional deformation induced the maximum absorption and reflection peaks of all the hydrogenated silicene systems to appear in the ultraviolet region. Compared with the system without torsional deformation, these peaks exhibit varying degrees of red and blue shifts. The above findings provide guidance for the application of silicene in nanooptoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the fact that the quantum mechanical version of Hankel transform kernel (the Bessel function) is just the transform between | q , r 〉 and (s , r ′ | , two induced entangled state representations, and working with them, we derive fractional Fourier–Hankel transformation (FrFHT) caused by the operator e − i α (a 1 † a 1 + a 2 † a 2) e i π a 2 † a 2 , where e i π a 2 † a 2 is named the core operator and is essential to the fractional transformation. The fractional property (additive rule) of the FrFHT can be explicitly proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First-principles research has been used to carefully examine the structural stability of the architecture, electronic structure, and optical characteristics of monolayer WS2-doped Mo atoms during shear deformation. Calculations show that the required formation energy gradually increases when shear deformation is increased from 2% to 8%, the bandgap of the system decreases from 1.732eV to 0.922eV, and the static dielectric function increases from 2.59 to 2.74. The absorption peaks are maximum for all doped systems between 11.5eV and 12.5eV. The peak absorption of the deformed system is redshifted compared to the original doped system. With increasing shear deformation, the peak energy loss of the system shows a decrease followed by an increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) regulate the differentiation of germinal center B cells and maintain humoral immunity. Notably, imbalances in Tfh differentiation often lead to the development of autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Curcumin, a natural product derived from Curcuma longa, is effective in relieving IBD in humans and animals, and its mechanisms of immune regulation need further elaboration. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice, and curcumin was administered simultaneously for 7 days. Curcumin effectively upregulated the change rate of mouse weight, colonic length, down-regulated colonic weight, index of colonic weight, colonic damage score and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, IL-23 and TGF- β 1 in colonic tissues of colitis mice. Importantly, curcumin regulated the differentiation balance of Tfh and their subpopulation in colitis mice; the percentages of Tfh (CD4 + CXCR5 + BCL-6 + , CD4 + CXCR5 + PD-1 + , CD4 + CXCR5 + PD-L1 + , CD4 + CXCR5 + ICOS +) , Tfh17 and Tem-Tfh were downregulated significantly, while CD4 + CXCR5 + Blimp-1 + , Tfh1, Tfh10, Tfh21, Tfr, Tcm-Tfh and Tem-GC Tfh were upregulated. In addition, curcumin inhibited the expression of Tfh-related transcription factors BCL-6, p-STAT3, Foxp1, Roquin-1, Roquin-2 and SAP, and significantly upregulated the protein levels of Blimp-1 and STAT3 in colon tissue. In conclusion, curcumin may be effective in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by regulating Tfh differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]