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The influence of the International Baccalaureate (IB) has grown impressively on a global scale. In Latin America, the IB has been mainly introduced in private schools that cater for the most affluent sectors of society and, consequently, has been mostly interpreted as contributing to processes of social reproduction and the widening of inequalities However, since the mid-2000s the IB has been promoted in state schools in countries such as Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica and in the City of Buenos Aires in Argentina. This paper analyses the enactment of the IBDP in public schools in Costa Rica and Peru drawing on a mixed methods multiple case study. It shows how, in countries with significant socioeconomic disparities, the possibility of offering the IBDP to students at public schools was mostly justified as a matter of equity, understood as opening access to an educational programme that was only available to the most privileged sectors of society. By problematising the notions of privilege and eliteness, we discuss the complex relations between inequalities and educational opportunities and question the extent to which these programmes are affecting social structures in Costa Rica and Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Presentation" of the magazine "Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana" addresses the rights of peoples from an intersectional perspective in Latin America. It questions Eurocentrism, patriarchy, racism, and anthropocentrism as oppressions that affect individuals and peoples. The dossier includes research papers from various Latin American countries, such as Panama, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile, which address the issues of oppressions from different dimensions. In addition, book reviews are presented on topics such as the rights of transnational companies, the history of education in Argentina, and society during the pandemic. [Extracted from the article]

In a context of rapid technological innovation and expensive new products, the paper calls for the generation of real-world data to inform decision-making and an international discussion on the affordability of new medicines, particularly for low- and middle-income countries. Without these, the challenges of health judicialization will continue to grow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Territorial inequality associated with the location of population and activities, access to infrastructure and services, employment and material living conditions, is a historical reality in Latin America. This phenomenon has accompanied the demands of successive development models, and since the mid-twentieth century it has begun to be recognised in its full complexity with the installation of developmentalist governments. As a result, various public policies were adopted that failed to have a significant impact on these inequalities or to address their social consequences. Given the need to reformulate approaches, optimise resources and overcome obstacles in the implementation of public policies, this paper seeks to analyse the policies on the government agenda in Argentina from the change of management materialized at the end of 2019, identifying the limitations, achievements and potentialities of the policies proposed in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico and their effects on territorial inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the cumulative production of knowledge about the development of Latin America, in general, and Argentina, in particular, from the case of Economic Development, in the period 1958-1975. The author proposes, through a conceptual theoretical analysis, that the accumulation of knowledge is evidenced by gradually posing new analysis variables and questions. Between 1958 and 1959, a central problem was the transformation of an agrarian productive structure into an industrial one. Between 1961 and 1969, the above is assumed, and includes social and political aspects of Latin American underdevelopment. Between 1970 and 1975, the magazine publishes discussions on dependency and on some specific experiences of underdevelopment, condensing problematizations and findings from the two previous periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at explaining the grammaticalization of igual (and lo mismo) as a reformulative and concessive marker based on a corpus of diachronic texts. The objectives are threefold: to find out the possible relation between the evolution of igual and that of lo mismo in this case, to investigate in what previous contexts the new functions were acquired and in which area they were originated. The corpus study reveals that the evolutions of both forms are related, but the change of formal preference (lo mismo > igual) caused that the grammaticalization of lo mismo as a connective failed and that of igual was successful. The exploration of the previous contexts reflects the link between the reformulative and concessive values. Finally, the process took place in Rio de la Plata area and from there it spread to the inside of Argentina and Chilean Spanish, where it became a popular form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: this paper aims to describe the first phase of a project whose general goal was to develop a consensus-based set of advanced practice nurse competencies applicable to Latin American countries and, based on these competencies, produce an advanced practice nurse curricular prototype adapted to Latin American countries. The project was framed in a competency-based approach to advanced practice nursing education. The specific aims of the first phase of the project described in this paper were: 1) to identify a set of potential advanced practice nurse competencies that would serve as the template for Core Advanced Practice Nurse Competencies in Latin American countries and 2) to establish consensus for Core Advanced Practice Nurse Competencies in Latin American countries. Method: advanced practice nurse competencies were derived from a comprehensive review of published competencies and informed the development of a survey designed to assess the relevance of advanced practice nurse competencies in Latin American countries. The survey was distributed to nurse leaders and nurse educators. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: consensus for Core Competencies was established. Conclusion: the Core Advanced Practice Nurse Competencies presented can provide a structured framework to build educational programs aligned to the needs of the regional environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing macro-historical scholarship tends to assert rather than demonstrate the wider impact of nationalism. Yet, state-sponsored national ideologies permeate the broader reaches of society to varying degrees. To investigate variations in the consolidation of official nationalism, this paper combines the content analysis of school textbooks as state-regulated and picture postcards as primarily market-driven sources. Building on this novel methodological approach, we find that textbooks published in mid-twentieth-century Argentina, Mexico, and Peru promoted a similar popular nationalism that portrayed the lower classes as "true" national subjects. However, picture postcards from the same period demonstrate that the consolidation of this official national ideology varied. In Mexico and Peru, the new state-sponsored conceptions of nationhood gained presence in public life, but they did not to take hold in Argentina. We conclude that studying the top-down nationalist messages promoted by states should not be equated with studying their ideological impact in public life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is one of the most harmful conditions associated with consumption. Despite a high level of consumption and an elevated number of people living with an AUD, evidence from help-seeking processes in Latin America is scarce and absent in Argentina. This paper aims to describe reasons for delaying and starting help-seeking, the process of problem awareness, and the years elapsed between drinking initiation, problem awareness, and help-seeking, as perceived by a clinical, non-random sample of people with AUD (n = 51). The most frequent reason for delaying help-seeking was not believing there was a problem. The most frequent motivators for seeking help were having physical or psychological problems due to use and repeated attempts to reduce or stop use. The outcomes of this study can be useful for designing interventions to reduce help-seeking barriers and facilitate access to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary This paper examines the impact of the program Seguro de Capacitación y Empleo (SCE) implemented to provide support in skills upgrading, job seeking, and job placement to eligible beneficiaries of the Argentinian conditional cash transfer program Plan Jefes . The SCE is an example of a growing trend observed in Latin America, where labor activation components have been increasingly included into cash transfers programs to support beneficiaries in finding more stable income opportunities. Despite this growing trend, not enough is known regarding the effectiveness of these components, especially on job quality. In this context, this paper sheds light on whether the provision of a comprehensive package of active labor market measures contributes to a successful labor market integration of cash transfers beneficiaries. Taking advantage of the panel structure of the Permanent Household Survey and exploiting the time variation in the assignment of the program as identification strategy, we apply difference-in-difference estimators to measure the impact on a number of labor market indicators. We find that the program affects positively the job quality of participants by increasing the probability of having a formal job and raising hourly wages. Moreover, the intervention is associated with a lower probability of having a low-paid job and working an excessive number of hours. These effects are, however, not homogeneous across all groups of participants. While the program is more successful among the younger beneficiaries, it does not contribute to an improvement in the labor market conditions of female beneficiaries, who in fact are the majority of SCE participants. Our results suggest that reducing dependency on monetary transfers through programs, such as the SCE, that are rich in activation components is beneficial for participants’ labor market trajectories and therefore, it constitutes a satisfactory exit strategy to more universal cash transfer programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Besides emigration towards developed countries. Latin America has a regional migration dynamics of its own -- one in which the presence of women, as well as their employment in domestic service, has proved decisive. Combining a macro perspective with a case-based socio-anthropological approach, this paper examines international migration and domestic service at an intra-regional level. Drawing on statistical information, we first present an outline of the regional migration context and the insertion of migrant women as domestic workers in destination countries of the region. The core section of the article centers on the particular case of Argentina, and illuminates the experience of migrant domestic workers in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. The paper closes with a series of reflections on the operation of gender as an organizing principle of relations and opportunities involved in international migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on 30 months of collaborative fieldwork in a poor neighbourhood in Buenos Aires, Argentina, this paper scrutinises the multiple uses of violence among residents and the concatenations between private and public forms of physical aggression. Much of the violence reported here resembles that which has been dissected by students of street violence in the United States – that is, it is the product of interpersonal retaliation and remains encapsulated in dyadic exchanges. However, by casting a wider net to include other forms of aggression (not only criminal but also sexual, domestic and intimate) that take place inside and outside the home, and that intensely shape the course of poor people's daily lives, the paper argues that diverse forms of violence among the urban poor (a) serve more than just retaliatory purposes, and (b) link with one another beyond dyadic relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper argues that the global economy has produced changes in the hierarchical configuration of urban systems. The emerging organization tends to be more open and set up more horizontal relations among cities. There are some evidences that indicate the relative insertion of the main Latin-American cities in global networks. The paper shows the empirical evidence available to Latin-American cities and, specially, related to the Argentine case. It evaluates the tension between the historically forged trend toward geographic concentration of population and economic activities in the metropolis of Buenos Aires and other somewhat more recent trends towards dispersion, emphasizing the role of intermediate cities. The paper concludes reflecting on the importance of flows between cities, the patterns of spatial dependency between them and the role of public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the conceptual and methodological design and objectives of the Standardized and Unified CV Database of the Argentine Scientific and Technological Human Resources (the CVar database) project. This is a public electronic database of researchers' CVs developed by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation in Argentina. The paper also addresses the main potential uses of this source of information (complementary to more traditional sources of data such as bibliometrics or patent analysis) for research evaluation, understanding the dynamics of career trajectories, policy-making and network studies. The Argentine case has some defining characteristics which make it different from other Latin-American experiences: the political perspective of the national government on the project, the inclusion of the main S&T institutions of the country in its design as a strategy to encourage its further adoption for the academic and scientific community, and the implementation of a specific database design strictly directed to the exploitation of the information and the creation of new indicators (database design used as the 'basic core' of a standardized template of a Latin-American CV, from which it will be possible to integrate information coming from different electronic CV databases in the region). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is the result of different ethnographic research conducted from 2007 onwards. It addresses a specific case study within Argentinian contemporary regional migration processes, from a relational, cultural and socio-political defini-tion of the concept of violence. The above case is that of the Bolivian immigrant workers of both sexes, who are victims of transnational human trafficking networks, who were recruited in origin and reduced to servitude under conditions close to slavery, in clandestine textile workshops of the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area. In this context of social vulnerability, the risk situations for the health of these people are increased, including their suffering from serious illnesses and accidents, and even death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to make an analysis of the main issues of environmental or ecosystem services regulations in Argentina, and a brief reference of a selection of Latin American countries laws (Peru and Costa Rica). We implemented the documental observation and normative comparative methods. One of the main results is that during last year many bills of laws were presented at the National Congress, which guidelines might be useful as precedents. Notwithstanding, in parallel an integral evaluation must be made in order to state if some valid environmental laws should be or not abolished, in order to avoid new contradictions. One of the main limitations for the argentine case, is that there is not a specific regulation about environmental services. We can conclude that in the case of other countries of the region which already have regulated the ecosystem services payment, there are some relevant issues which might be taken into account for future laws and/or public policies in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most decisive ways in which the global economy and power relations were transformed at dawn of the twenty-first century was the rise of China as a major power, as well as the consequent influence the country has been able to exercise over peripheral nations. Although the majority of administrations in Latin America have rejected the policies once hailed by the Washington Consensus, it is striking that they have largely accepted a new system of asymmetrical relations with another major world power, which is fostering the reprimarization of the productive structure in Latin American economies. Thus, beginning with the case of Argentina, this paper explores the path to what is now known as the Beijing Consensus, with an emphasis on a characterization based on the analysis provided below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the development of cooperation between Argentina and Brazil from their initial rapprochement of 1979 to the construction of Mercosur in 1991. It presents an account of cooperation that emphasizes the power and organizational interests of the armed forces and that challenges the prevailing emphases on democratization and neoliberalism. In doing so, it addresses a methodological problem for qualitative research in international relations: What can be done if our theories of why cooperation occurs affect our perceptions of when it begins? Conventional explanations of Argentine-Brazilian cooperation may be biased toward what historian Herbert Butterfield called 'Whig history,' which sees in past events associations that exist only in the present. These tendencies can alter our periodization of cases, omit or falsely reject important causal variables, and too readily confirm our preferred hypotheses, but they can also be corrected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the participation of the members of three catholic workers association -Círculo de Obreros de Córdoba, Asociación Artesanos de San José and Sociedad Católica Popular Italiana- to choose their authorities in Córdoba, Argentina during the first decades of the 20th Century. The study allows us to know that, besides, the indirect electoral system applied in the three cases, there are important differences which contributed in different ways to the appropriation of the concept and practice of political citizenship inaugurated in 1912. A diversity of electoral procedures can be found: from a very restricted political position more interested in religion and catholic rituals to one which granted all members the right to choose and be chosen. In the same way, the more "democratic" associations corresponded, as could be expected, to those where internal debate was more regular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to emphasize the relevance of analyzing the exchanges between local and foreign counterparts. Latin American cultural history, cultural studies as well as architecture and urbanism histories contribute to discuss dependentists analyses on center--periphery relations. Those research lines enable a more productive approach on international circulation of ideas, technicians and urban models as well as international exchanges. The theoretical approach is articulated with a previous research that analyzes the struggle to define diagnoses of Buenos Aires city problems between 1983 and 1992. Those diagnosis are developed by various networks of local professional and technician, related in multiple ways with Spanish peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Multinational mining companies operating in Latin America increasingly publish sustainability reports which outline their contributions to sustainable development. Companies argue that reports help communities better understand the importance of the benefits created by mining. However, we argue that sustainability reporting can only play a role in improving a company''s performance and reputation if the quality of the reported data is good enough to answer community-raised contentious issues and if such are tackled through a stakeholder engagement process which includes ‘anti-mining’ groups. The paper examines a mining conflict in Argentina''s Bajo de la Alumbrera open pit mine. The assessment is based on a content analysis of Alumbrera''s Sustainability Report (SR), primarily from 2009, complemented with insights from the 2010 and 2011 reports. The study reveals that environmental and economic indicators are the most contentious and least reported. The reports examined only briefly acknowledge these issues, and fail to detail the procedures followed to identify and engage stakeholders. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper presents the results of a literature review that considers documents and research work on environmental education (EA) in general, and on EA and legislation in particular, produced at the international, regional and national levels, and guided by the questions: What do works linking EA and education in Argentine legislation contend? In what context, within the EA field, are they inserted? Through the referred reviews we characterize the EA international and Latin American panorama, and analyze the contributions of five articles and a book relevant to our focus on Argentina. Without claiming to have done thorough research, this approach allowed us to perceive the need to deepen the studies that, apart from describing the content of the various laws, analyze its meaning in the historical context in which each regulation was passed, as well as the relationship between forces in the field of environmental education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a study to construct narrative-based scenarios to complement models for exploring the sustainability of cherry production in South Patagonia. The study is part of a European-funded project (EULACIAS) which focuses on the co-innovation of farming systems in Latin America. The authors' approach involves stakeholders analysing the present state of the farming system and then identifying driving forces for change. Finally, the impact of drivers on the farming sector is assessed via a Delphi exercise to capture expert opinion. The outputs from this exercise describe three possible future scenarios, representing 'opening to new markets', 'quality' and a 'regional market'. The characteristics of each of these are described in the context of cherry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard economic theories of wage inequality focus on the factor-biased nature of technological change and globalization. This paper examines the long-run development of industrial wage inequality in Latin America from a global comparative perspective. We find that wage inequality was comparatively modest during the first half of the twentieth century, but rising much faster during the post-war era than in other industrial countries. In-depth analyses of wage inequality trends in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile confirm this pattern, but also reveal notable country peculiarities. In Argentina and Chile, trend breaks coincided with large political-institutional shocks while in Brazil, wage inequality increased unabated under the wage regulation policies of successive post-war administrations. We argue that without taking national policies with respect to education and the labor market into account, economic theory cannot explain 'Latin American' patterns of wage inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the relationship between the performance of Latin American stock markets with their real economies, applying seven econometric models for the cases of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. The relationship between stock market yields in these countries and their respective GDPS is examined and compared, applying to the series for each country unit root tests, cointegration analysis, error correction model analysis, Granger causality modeling, self-regression vector analysis, stimulus and response functions, and variance decomposition analysis. The series comprise the following stock markets: Argentina's MERVAL, Brazil's BOVESPA, Chile's IGPA, and Mexico's IPC, as compiled by Economática. The GDP series were obtained from the Cepalstat data base. The series are monthly and are for the period 1993-2005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with expressions of Argentine territorial nationalism with a specific focus on the Malvinas/Falklands dispute. notion of banal nationalism has been widely applied as a means to understanding the ways in which national identities are learnt and reproduced by the populace, through a multitude of ‘mundane’ representations. More recently thesis has been critiqued () for its rigidity and inability to take account of the different ways these nationalisms are produced and received () within and outside of the nation-state. We build on these interventions by arguing that research into territorial nationalism should not ignore the wider temporal, spatial, political and everyday contexts in which such discourses emerge and are consumed. To illustrate this diversity we contend that territorial nationalism and, more specifically, the attention placed on the Malvinas dispute by the Argentine government has varied in its intensity, depending on wider political events and agendas in the South West Atlantic and Latin American regions. Secondly, through the use of interview extracts from a pilot study conducted with 20 young people in Buenos Aires, we suggest that Argentine territorial nationalism is not received uniformly across the nation-state and, rather, should be explored in its everyday contexts. These contexts take into consideration things like respondent’s geographical location, personal/familial relationships and generation, amongst other variables, in order to more sensitively appreciate Argentine territorial nationalism’s multifarious reception. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A wide array of biomedical and genetic technologies is becoming available in both developed and developing nations. This situation is the cause of growing concern for health policy makers who must evaluate the utility of these technologies for their inclusion in public health insurance programs. Ideally, policy makers would have the information necessary to rationally allocate scarce resources, prioritise technologies, and ensure fair access to necessary health care services. The reality, however, is that policy makers often do not have such information. In this paper, we argue that the field of Health Technology Assessment (HTA), through the integration of ethical analyses (i.e., an "ethical HTA"), can enable Argentinean and other Latin American policy makers to better understand the soco-ethical concerns raised by new biotechnologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses some aspects of the taphonomic interpretation of Canis sp. remains associated with a XVIIth century human burial on the El Bagual site, in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We discuss the presence of post-depositional cultural alterations associated with a primary burial context. We also evaluate and discuss the presence of skeletal remains of the genus canis sp. in apparent stratigraphic association with one of the human burials. The taphonomic profile is evaluated based on vertebrate disarticulation models and experimental observations to finally argue for its intrusive nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article cross-examines an aspect that characterizes the Argentine literary avant-garde of 1920's: the attempt of making a great divide between Art and other practices, an effort that had previously emerged in Modernism by the turn of the century. In this paper, I will inquire about the elements which contributed to strengthen that division and, in that way, confirmed the existence of a literary space imagined as autonomous. Thus, I will examine the nature of the contributions to a discourse about Art, which in this context is understood as a self-ruling realm wholly devoted to formal interests. Also, attention will be given to the delimitation of literary boundaries. Consideration of the production of the contemporary Spanish intellectual, José Ortega y Gasset, will be crucial as his writings and lectures were very well-known at that time in Argentina. It is well known Ortega y Gasset's strong influence over young Argentine intellectuals in 1910's as well as his close friendship with Victoria Ocampo in the 1930's, but little is known about his role and influence on the Argentine intellectual scenario in the 1920's. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the introduction of neo-liberal reforms and the collective answers of urban popular sectors in Chile and Argentina. For one hand, it focuses on key aspects of the neo-liberal transformations, in particular those who operated on the State's sphere and in the labor context. For the other hand, the social expressions elaborated by subordinate sectors in terms of social inequality outcomes generated by the new model are presented. This article introduces a comparative perspective between Argentina and Chile, which show a remarkable practice of the afore mentioned reforms. In this sense, our proposal is to establish some coincidences in matters of the changes within the secondary sociability in both countries in order to analyze the differences in the construction of collective responses made by the popular sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sinthesizes a research that traces the political biography of Mujeres por la Solidaridad, an activist gender group in La Pampa province. The essay describes and analyses the action repertoire of this group with a communicational dimension as one of its identifying features. It is emphasized in its political history the use of cases of public interest to intervene in the media statement, politicize it and influence not only in the language and presentation forms but also in the media agenda so that gender issues were included and considered. Considering the agenda setting role of the press, it produces and reproduces fundamental social significations, and by advocacy and lobby strategies the group impels gender claims supported by the capital given by the local public visibility. In its agenda, Mujeres por la Solidaridad, which acts within the framework of wide women's movement of Argentina, includes issues such as the reproductive rights, violence against women and the traffic in women at the same time that it develops its own strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper links employment dynamics to the business cycle in Argentina and examines the self-employed sector. We evaluate whether this sector resembles the industrialized countries view, where it is characterized as being creative and dynamic, or the dualistic view, where it is seen as stagnant and unproductive. We study transition patterns from salaried positions and unemployment, and the evolution of the sector in the period of analysis. We found a clear segmentation. Own-account workers (accounting for over two-thirds of the self-employed) show characteristics similar to what is predicted by the dualistic view; while self-employed with employees resembles the industrialized countries view. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the last quarter of the 20th century, Argentina was still concentrating the largest amount of intra-regional migrants in the southern cone of Latin America, whereas the number of Bolivian, Paraguayan, Uruguayan and Argentine migrants in Brazil was also increasing. This paper identifies the differences and transformations in the education and labor profile of new and old regional migrants recorded in Argentina and Brazil. Thus, it analyzes the distribution following the criterion of education level and occupation of migration cohorts determined by the year in which residence was taken up in both countries. It also shows differences between native and migrant workers. The conclusion arrived to is that in Argentina, the higher schooling of the new regional migrants did not substantially affect the segregation in occupations with a lower qualification, in branches such as agriculture, construction, manufacturing and housework. In Brazil, the increase in the number of Paraguayans, Bolivians, Uruguayans and Argentinians coming in matched a heterogeneization of the predominantly qualified profiles of the last three groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the 20th century was tumbling to a close, massive direct actions led by different social movements challenged the course of the neoliberal economic and social practices that had bankrupted Argentine's economy. As unemployed workers block- aded highways demanding subsidies, more than 10,000 people took over their bankrupted factories and put them back to work. This ethnographic paper explores the production of new subjectivities at a balloon factory, where the author worked while doing participant observation in January 2007, against the historical background of the creation of Argentina's working class subjects during Juan Peron's first presidency, and clientelistic welfare plans during the IMF-induced crisis of the mid-1990s and early 2000s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The building of the network of submarine telegraph cables in Latin America changed the ways in which diplomats, politicians, business leaders and journalists conducted their affairs. This new network played a part in the resolution of several international crises. Cable communications alerted a British gunboat that brought an end to the summary executions in Cuba (ordered by a Spanish general) of sailors and passengers from a captured ship, the Virginius, that carried a United States flag. International telegraphy made possible the quick settlement of the consequent dispute between Spain and the United States. International cables enabled British businesses, the London press, and the Foreign Office to monitor the Argentine political crisis of 1880 and agree that direct intervention was not advisable. U.S. diplomats helped Chile and Argentina resolve their long standing boundary dispute in 1881. The main point of this paper, however, is that the solutions to these crises obscured early signs of significant problems that became more pronounced in the use of cables in later events: sensationalist coverage of international crises in the U.S. press, an uneven and often misunderstood intimacy between Argentina and Britain, and the intrusiveness of the United States in Chilean politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Eloísa Cartonera publishing project started by author Washington Cucurto with the help of other artists in Argentina. The project aims to make a difference in the lives of impoverished and unemployed casualties of the neo-liberal turn in Latin America, especially the destitute cardboard collectors called cartoneros. It is a non-profit organization that purchases cardboard from street collectors and uses it to make covers for the photocopied pages of poetry and fiction books. The author explains that Cucurto decided to establish the organization when his own publishing company closed down due to the economic crisis.

In this paper, we consider different perspectives on Chilean and Argentinean Judaism, related to four main traits: a) the organization of Jewish and secular identities, with progressive and liberal components, although religion is not the central identity element; b) the consolidation of a religious orthodox space; c) the formation of new Jewish identities, that are not integrated into the structures of institutional Jewish communities; e) the emergence of some dissidence in Chilean and Argentinean Judaism, as part and parcel of a reaction to the official discourse about the Arab-Israeli Conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analize the potencialities and weakness of the Latin American Insitutions in general, and in particular the problems of the argentinians ones. The 2001 Argentinian crisis set up a new discourse in wich the actaull government legitimice itself. However, the process of the crisis show a very interesting relashionship betwen Crisis, Representation and democracy wich we want to work on looking for the potentilities of the of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the integration of Latin American marine fisheries into the global production system in the post-1945 period and the role of foreign and domestic fleets in this process. Through reference to the state-denial theories found in the globalisation literature, it charts the impact that the globalisation process has had upon the exploitation and sustainability of fish stocks in Latin American waters. It argues that while globalisation may indeed boost environmental awareness and lead to a more sustainable level of production through the decreased influence of local political interests, this has yet to happen in the principal Latin American fishing nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]