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This paper is motivated by the problem of collective responsibility for the actions committed by our ancestors and by the question about the legitimacy of demands for forgiveness. Turning to the conceptual universe of Hannah Arendt, this argues for the exercise of the capacity for judgment as a catalyst for both the demand for forgiveness and collective responsibility. Forgiveness is thus presented not only as a moral category but as fundamentally political one, essential for reconciling with what has happened and for looking to the future with hope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first part of this paper explains the praxeological interpretation of the noological concept of act. The second part describes Antonio González Fernández's criticisms of that notion. His objection consists in pointing out that acts cannot be considered real things, but only the arising of these. From this observation on noology, González Fernández not only gives rise to his praxeology (also known as hiparqueology), but also his philosophical system begins to be questioned for not explaining what acts are, in the world of facts, beyond the assumption that they are there, despite being invisible. In the third and last section, some hypotheses are presented to address objections to the praxeological concept of act, such as the one mentioned above and the apparent circularities and possible contradictions within the praxeological system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a systematic and doxographical reconstruction of the phenomena of delay and lateness in Martin Heidegger's thought between 1919 and 1930. In the first section, we trace the ambiguities that permeate the nominalization and formalization of delay in order to thematize immediately after the disruptive structure of four modes of delay understood as constitutive within Heidegger's early work. We account for the way in which delay carries an illuminating potential that phenomenologically ensures the evidencing of the constituent dimension. In the second section, we descend to the immanent transformations of Heidegger's philosophy in order to account for two possibilities of philosophy's self-understanding on the basis of delay and lateness, precisely from two modes of relation with the constituent dimension of the appearing: on the one hand, a mode marked by crepuscular lateness, and on the other hand, an executive mode based on auroral delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although some have attempted to rethink the subject of technology from the perspective of Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy, there hast not yet been a direct dialogue with the transhumanist position. In this paper, we propose a new approach, understood as a criticism, from the thought of Kierkegaard to transhumanism and its concept of singularity. We, first, analyze the way in which transhumanists understand the concept of singularity and what its limitations are; then, with the help of Kierkegaard's philosophy, we argue that the only possible and real singularity is the human person as a primordial relationship, source of anguish and freedom, sin and love, and spirit. We also argue that this relationship cannot be reproduced by any artificial creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I claim that the distinction between "philosophy" and "spirituality" can be a key for understanding Foucault's work, assuming that his philosophy and historical thought do possess a "spiritual dimension." For this purpose, I analyze the figures of transgression and pensée du dehors of the archaeological period, the figures of resistance and criticism as reflexive indocility of the genealogical period, and the fold of the ethical period. I determine whether they can be considered a spiritual dimension that promotes être autrement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I present the step from isomorphism to isodynamism in Gilbert Simondon's philosophy. For this, I first explain the isomorphism argument and some of its implications and critiques. Then, I discuss some elements of Simondon's individuation theory regarding being and becoming. Lastly, I analyze this change from isomorphism to isodynamism and I offer examples of some possible derivations of isodynamism. Basically, this process involves a change in perspective, from structural similarity to operational analogy--for example, between different levels of being (physicochemical, biological and psychosocial). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to describe F. H. Jacobi's critique of transcendental philosophy concerning the problem of affection and the thing in itself. This critique attributes to Kant's thought an idealism incompatible with any notion of realism. Jacobi's interpretation, however, rests on an ignorance of the methodological-transcendental nature not only of the terminology involved in the problem of affection, but of the whole Kantian reflection about knowledge. The exegetical model of the two aspects view has provided instruments that allowed for a hermeneutical reconstruction of the problem of affection and put in evidence the methodological mistake present in Jacobi's critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I interpret the first four sections of Human, All Too Human I to argue that Nietzsche's philosophy has diagnostic and therapeutic ambitions. In the first section, I show that his philosophy is psychological. In the second section, I illustrate the descriptive psychology of Nietzsche's philosophy, for which metaphysical doctrines rest on psychological misunderstandings and highly valued sensations and conceptions are based on selfish motives and mistakes of reason. In the third section, I argue that Nietzsche's philosophy is also medical and intellectualist: his inquiry into human psychology allows him, first, to diagnose two types of illnesses, one caused by scientific knowledge (existential illness) and the other caused by metaphysical doctrines (nervous illness), and second, to cure both types of diseases by eliminating their causes with this same scientific knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the foreword to the Science of Logic (WdL) from 1812. It answers the following questions: what is WdL about? What is the logic in the Science of Logic? Is the term "logic" just a substitute for "metaphysics" or, rather, is WdL the inception of a completely new discipline, quite different from metaphysics in the traditional sense? I reach the conclusion that, in WdL, logic is the development of the concept expressed as social freedom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the experiences of the refugee population in India and Myanmar with identification documents and digitization. In India, the digital identification system has brought advantages but also economic and social exclusion for refugee communities. In Myanmar, an attempt has been made to implement a digital identification system that could further limit the rights of minorities and opposition groups. The article also narrates the experience of a Rohingya refugee in India and how the Aadhaar card provided him with some protection and access to basic services. However, the situation changed when the Indian government considered Rohingya refugees as "illegal" and made it difficult for them to access essential services. The article discusses the negative consequences of the digital identification system in India and Myanmar. In India, the Aadhaar card has become a mandatory requirement to access services such as education, financial services, and driver's licenses. This has led to the exclusion of refugee communities and other marginalized groups. In Myanmar, the military regime has used identification systems to restrict the movement of the population and persecute opposition and minorities. The digitization of identification systems can be harmful when used by state authorities to discriminate against and exclude certain groups. The article discusses the use of paper and digitized identification systems to restrict freedom of movement and segregate the Rohingya community in Myanmar. These systems are used to block access to food, income, funds, and humanitarian assistance, as well as to prevent the dissemination of information about atrocities committed. While the digitization of identification systems can improve the efficiency of aid and services delivery for refugees, it can also generate additional risks and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, digitization can support states' ability to strip minorities of their rights and impose statelessness on them. [Extracted from the article]

This paper performs an impact evaluation on the income in rural households in the regions in different regions of Mexico, considering the Bienestar's programs. To carry out this evaluation, the realization of Kernel Matching is considered to calculate the Average Treatment Effects. The source of information for obtaining data is the National Household Income-Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) for the year 2020, which is published by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI). From the results it is found that there are differences in the benefits, considering that they are not always statistically significant, in addition to the fact that the impacts of these policies vary according to the area that is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations claims that education is a crucial element in reducing poverty rates in any country if it is accessible, adaptable, acceptable, and affordable; known as the 4A's of education, which are considered within the national education policy. This paper analyzes the effect of the 4A's of education on multidimensional moderate-income poverty and extreme income poverty in Mexico in the years 2010 and 2020. This is achieved with the analysis of microdata from the Module of Socioeconomic Conditions of the National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure (MCS - ENIGH) 2010 and 2020 and with dichotomous logit models. The results indicate that the 4A's have a greater effect on the reduction of multidimensional extreme income poverty than on moderate, even over different periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs a panel data model to study the impact of six key variables, three of them directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic, on Mexican manufacturing exports. The panel comprises the 21 manufacturing subsectors and monthly data during the January 2020-December 2022 period. Moreover, the model specification entails supply- as well as demand-side variables. The two estimation techniques are ordinary least squares and twostage least squares. The second estimation procedure corrects for endogeneity problems and is complemented by remedial measures to achieve more efficient parameter estimates. Along these lines, the evidence is robust in showing that manufacturing exports respond positively to an increase in external demand, a real currency depreciation, a drop in unit labor costs (ULC), a wider coverage of vaccination campaigns, and a relaxation of social distancing measures. Given that ULC fall as labor productivity rises, there is a valid rationale to conclude that investing in highquality formal education, training and skill development could be an effective measure to raise exports. Likewise, the effects of the vaccination efforts highlights the relevance of coordinating economic policy with health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to describe academic self-efficacy in students of technical-professional training at a university in the south of Chile. Numerous studies have established that, in order to have autonomous and self-regulated students, it is necessary for them to be academically self-efficient and the literature shows that the teacher with a self-efficient teaching identity promotes this type of competences in the students. The research is ascribed within the positivist paradigm, with a quantitative research approach that seeks objectivity, describing, explaining, proving and/or predicting phenomena, using data collection with the purpose of testing hypotheses through statistical analysis. The design is non-experimental, since it is carried out without manipulating the variables and the situations are not intentionally provoked. Additionally, it is of a cross-sectional nature, since the data are collected at a single moment of the research, to analyze the relationship at a given time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of gay pride politics in Argentina takes places in the 1960s and 1970s in the context of the tensions between medical and criminological discourses on homosexuality, which respectively proposed that homosexuality was an immorality that should be criminally punished or an illness that could be treated. The conclusion is that, faced with an increase in police violence, maricas, gay men and transgender people tactically appropriated medical discourses, identifying themselves as sick and allying with medical doctors in their attempts to decriminalize sexual inversion. Then, in the context of the climate of cultural modernization, they would use the pretensions of scientific objectivity of medicine to demand the de-pathologization of homosexuality, abandoning the discourse of victimization, narrating their experiences as joyful, and mobilizing their base through the category of pride. The paper is based on the historiographic analysis of an extensive corpus of mass-circulation press, political organizations' material, medical treatises and first-person documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to Diogenes Laertius, Hipparchia of Maroneia decided to use for her education the time she was going to waste on the loom (VI98=SSR V I 1). The aim of this paper is to analyze the reason and implications of this decision. I will point out that it is based on the gender equality thesis supported by the Cynics, and I will try to show that it has at least two implications: not only the defense of a certain kind of education, but also of parrhesia, i.e. the practice of free, frank, and open discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to determine how creative behavior influences emotional exhaustion and if affective commitment alters this relationship. The objective of the research is the Colombian electrical sector. The sample includes 448 employees with university studies, and the statistical analysis is done through a simple moderation process. The results indicate that creative behavior and affective commitment are negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Possibly, adaptive capacity to difficult scenarios, through original perspectives, derives into subjective well-being and positive moods that buffer work stress. In other words, these act as personal resources, satisfying the basic needs of the individual. However, when high creative demands coincide with excessive organizational commitment, this may lead to mental rigidity and self-demands so high as to emotionally exhaust employees, which verifies the moderating role of affective commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The central objective of this paper is to propose and test a model for the development of network governance structures to respond to the silo effect in the innovation management process in a large research organization. Method: A case study was used with the objective of building a governance model that could address the problems derived from the silo effect. To achieve the objective, validation workshops were held, with teams being challenged to reflect on the mechanisms and basic rules used to assemble the model. Results: The efforts made to inhibit the silo effect in the organization investigated were successful. Internal events were held to exchange knowledge between research centers, which resulted in greater stimulation of connections between these and other actors throughout the innovation ecosystem. Conclusions: The governance model adopted to mitigate the problems derived from the silo effect proved to be effective in promoting interaction between research centers on issues related to open innovation. The model, supported by mechanisms and basic rules inserted in the key actions, proved to be efficient in promoting a more intense relationship between the research units of the institution studied, resulting in new network actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to trace U.S. imaginaries, representations, and uses made during the cycle of Latin America's centennial celebrations by a number of men of culture, diplomacy, and regional politics who played prominent roles in discussions about how the countries in the subcontinent should position themselves and act toward one another and toward the United States. By analyzing the multiple references and uses of symbols, signs, and other attributes of the Northern nation that circulated between 1910 and 1926 in a series of speeches, conferences, essays, articles, and books -largely unnoticed by the historiography on the subject-, it will be possible to observe how different images of such country were constructed and disseminated in order to promote and legitimize certain political-ideological searches and bets. Contrary to readings that have reduced the Latin American map at the time to the tension between Pan-Americanism and anti-imperialism, this article ultimately aims to make this image more complex by repositioning other uses and meanings around the United States at a particular moment of the continent's history, in which its imperialist expansion encountered a systematic search by Latin American countries to reassert their interests, positions, and national identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: the number of infants and children who receive artificial nutrition at home has been steadily increasing over the last decades, as better outcomes for children with chronic conditions have been achieved. In order to evaluate the need of resources to implement the technique it is necessary to know how many patients benefit from home artificial nutrition. This information can be estimated from the register of patients, when available. Methods: in this paper the characteristics of all registers were reviewed, especially those devoted to pediatric patients. Results: only two pediatric registers are active in 2023: the Canadian register and the Spanish one. NADYA register from the Spanish Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (SENPE) and the recent REPAFI, form the Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. The most valuable register from the British Society, BANS, stopped providing information in 2018. Conclusion: despite the fact of acknowledging the importance of having gathered information on the prevalence and incidence of home artificial nutrition, to fit resources to necessities, the number of active registers is quite short. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June 2020, the Argentine Ministry of Development launched the National Registry of Popular Economy (ReNaTEP) which, among other categories, included sex workers and strippers. Sex workers' organizations celebrated the possibility of registering and thus gaining access to the mono-tax and social security instruments, but a few hours after the launching and due to the pressure from abolitionist sectors, the registry was eliminated. This paper addresses the history of this elimination in terms of lack of recognition and under the conceptual lens of epistemic injustice and violence. To this end, the article addresses both the ways in which the sex workers' movement produces knowledge, as well as the uproar caused, among abolitionist feminists and officials, by the incorporation of sex work in the ReNaTEP, which resulted in the denial of sex workers, their epistemic agency, their subjectivity and even their legitimacy as a social subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2004 to the present, eleven Argentine provinces have had laws on Mandatory Open Simultaneous Primaries (PASO, in Spanish) and have enforced them at least once. Their creation sought to democratize the selection of candidates through mandatory primary elections for political parties and voters. The PASO law has been criticized because political parties come to agreements on single lists of candidates, complying with the mandatory rule but avoiding internal competition. This paper investigates the factors that have influenced the strategies of agreement or dispute within political spaces, based on the measurement of the number of internal lists presented in PASO. To carry out the analysis, an observational study was conducted by examining the strategies of the main political forces in eleven Argentine provinces. Three political-institutional variables were studied: 1) the re-election of the governor, 2) the electoral calendar, and 3) government vs. opposition. The results show that when the governor does not run for re-election and the electoral calendar is split, there are greater chances of internal dispute between more than one list. Likewise, being part of the opposition was not a determining factor for the dispute between two or more internal lists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to developing and consolidating research on the connections between food and gentrification while highlighting the effects of these processes in areas beyond urban life. To achieve this, we draw on the concept of value chains connecting gentrified neighborhoods to rural agricultural communities. In this chain, processes of valorization and devaluation are generated, which unevenly affect the actors involved in the production and consumption of food. The paper focuses on the conflicts and contestations along the value chain of gentrification, putting interdisciplinary contributions into dialogue while presenting four cases from secondary sources. These cases are illustrative of how these processes operate at different levels, territories, and scales: signature coffee, as a symbol of distinction in gentrified neighborhoods; the avocado from its gastronomic manifestation as avocado toast; wine, from the touristification of its production to valorization strategies in urban consumption; and quinoa, from the patenting of new varieties to the development of markets that exclude large sectors of the population. The boom in the circulation of these foods has the effect of capital accumulation by dispossession in both rural and urban areas and in both production and consumption processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of the scientific production and research in Viticulture and Enology on papers referring to Mexico was performed, published between 2000 and 2022, and indexed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and CONRICyT databases. The following indicators were considered: quartile, H-index, productivity by year, journal, author, and the number of citations. Seventy-nine articles were identified that include many subtopics in the area, such as phytopathology, plant nutrition, climate, quality, and physicochemical and sensory properties of grapes and wine. This analysis demonstrates the necessity of promoting scientific research on priority topics in the different wine regions to take advantage of the diversity of opportunities and challenges in Mexican viticulture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented reality is gaining more and more interest in fields such as education, medicine, tourism, marketing, and manufacturing. However, the creation of this type of applications has been dominated by software development methodologies, and only recently have co-design and co-creation approaches been integrated to favor a more effective development to meet specific needs. This paper reports the results of a systematic literature review of 40 scientific articles on the co-design and co-creation of augmented reality experiences, with the aim of providing a landscape of the current state of research in this field. The results show that most augmented reality experiences have been co-designed or co-created for the fields of education and engineering. Moreover, most of the current research has followed an exploratory and cross-sectional approach with small and medium research samples, using classical methods for data collection. Overall, there is an increasing interest in the use of co-design and co-creation methodologies for developing augmented reality experiences. This paper also presents some trends and future lines of work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is structured into two main sections. Part one argues that bioethics originally emerged due to contributions of A. Stöhr between 1910 and 1917. It presents a framework and outlines the main lines of though for this origin. According to Stöhr, bioethics involves a twofold approach: avoiding or diminishing pain and suffering, while increasing pleasure and joy. It is sense, bioethics is linked to the arts, letters, and culture. This paper outlines an archeology of bioethics, which differs significantly from a history of bioethics, drawing on M. Foucault as a reference. Part two is assesses Stöhr’s contributions within the broader landscape of current bioethics studies. The paper concludes with some final observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the study of social-ecological conflicts, more specifically on ecological distribution conflicts. First, it analyzes how these conflicts can be assessed from the conceptual framework of Nature’s Contributions to People. It then formulates some conceptualizations based on the conflicts addressed in the paper. And finally, it discusses how these conflicts highlight the contradictions of the dominant models of nature’s appropriation, in current capitalist societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a first approach to the discourse marker antes di que (before say that) in contemporary Mexican Spanish. This discourse marker has not been previously studied, and its functions have only been briefly described in the dictionary. Thus, the study collects data on the use of antes di que in contemporary Mexican Spanish to determine its functions. Additionally, by the study of This paper presents a first approach to the discourse marker antes di que (before say that) in contemporary Mexican Spanish. This discourse marker has not been previously studied, and its functions have only been briefly described in the dictionary. Thus, the study collects data on the use of antes di que in contemporary Mexican Spanish to determine its functions. Additionally, by the study of [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to explore the grammatical properties and meaning of pseudo-coordinative structures, as agarra y les paga or va y se muere, registered in different colloquial varieties of Spanish speaking countries. Pseudo-coordination produces grammaticalized constructions of two verbal forms inflected on the same morphological categories and united by the conjuction y, which denotate a unique event, since the first verb is desemantized or grammaticalized. A relevant fact is that the same grammaticalized verbs intervening on pseudo-coordinative structures (besides ir and agarrar, venir, coger, pillar, saltar and llegar, and the more novel volver, arrancar, largarse, lanzarse, ponerse, meterse, mandarse) function (or functioned) as periphrastic auxiliary verbs, often with an inchoative or ingressive meaning. Empirically, the paper concentrates on determine the grammatical distribution of pseudocoordinative structures, differentiating them to inchoative periphrasis, in order to offer a consistent syntactic and semantic analysis of these constructions. This will lead us to conclude that the primary meaning of grammaticalized pseudo-coordinative structures is aorist aspect (Smith, 1991; Camus Bergareche, 2004), in the same lines as Coseriu (1966) and in opposition to recent perspectives, as García Sánchez (2007) and Jaque et al. (2018, 2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the bell inventories from the islands of Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote, conducted over recent years. It primarily addresses the list of bell founders or craftsmen recorded, along with the chronology and origins of those pieces of significant heritage interest. It also explores aspects such as the ornamental motifs and the epigraphic legends or inscriptions commonly found on these instruments. Additionally, the paper suggests attributing some instruments to bell founders Juan Felipe de Rivas and Gaspar Antonio de Alvear, who were active during the 17th and 18th centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the relatively few instances of gas municipalization in what is termed Latin Europe, focusing on Spain, Portugal, and France. The aim is to analyze why there were fewer cases compared to other European countries. The paper will investigate the instances that did occur in Latin Europe, exploring the reasons and circumstances (economic, social, institutional, etc.) behind them. A comparative historical approach will be applied, utilizing not only existing literature but also primary sources for certain case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the results of an intervention to improve the development of skills in students studying for a degree in Social Education, and more specifically in the subject of Adult Education, by completing a learning biography of an adult learner, an iterative task that is subjected to a peer assessment process. The paper shows the didactic sequence that was designed and the results obtained in terms of the quality of the feedback provided by peers, which is a key aspect to promote peer feedback in professional situations in the future. The results show an improvement in the quality of the feedback, the students' evaluation of the peer assessment process, and the development of skills linked to the development of evaluative judgement. However they also highlight the need for criteria relating to processes and not just to tasks, as well as the need to improve the evaluative literacy of both teachers and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article has the objective to compare poverty rates of elderly people between 2018 and 2020, after the universalization of the non-contributory pension during the 2018-2024 presidential period in Mexico, in order to know if there is a change on elderly people's poverty rates. Also, the article aims to know if this policy change has a regressive impact in the whole pension system distribution. The paper uses as a reference for the analysis the International Labour Organization (ILO) guidelines. It compares poverty of different social groups of elderly people in 2018 and 2020 using the National Survey of Households Income and Expenditure. The paper concludes that elderly people's poverty situation is better in 2020. However, there is an increase on inequality in pensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the result of applying podcasts as a teaching-learning tool for university students. Using a quantitative methodology, with a descriptive and correlational design, Levene's inferential t-test for equality of variances was used to compare two groups of students to assess if there are differences regarding the academic, design, usability and learning variables, in order to verify the differences between students creating the contents and those only listening to the end result. A sample of 461 students was used in this research, distributed in two groups. In the first group, the teaching staff oversaw preparing and carrying out the dynamics of the podcast. In the second group, the students collaboratively created the podcast. To analyse the differences between the two groups, the Educational Innovation Questionnaire (CINNE) was applied, based on the Podcast Evaluation Questionnaire, QAEP (Alarcón and Blanca, 2020), and the SUS Scale (Brooke, 2013). The results indicate significant differences (99.95% CI 99.95%) between the groups in the usability and design dimensions. No gender differences were found. In conclusion, this research paper has confirmed the effectiveness of using podcasts as a didactic strategy, in particular regarding its accessibility, use, and design by students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal in this paper is to analyze the narrator of the novels Papá (2003), La patria (2006), Wërra (2020), Darwin o el origen de la vejez (2022) e Historia íntima del amor masculino (2022), by the Argentinian writer Federico Jeanmaire, from a gender perspective focused on the study of new masculinities. These autobiographic novels are characterized by being narrated in first person by a narrator that functions as a transposition of the author himself, who recalls his life experiences. Particularly, the paper focuses on investigating the relation between the narrator and hegemonic masculinities and its institutions, as well as on attitudes he unfolds in his own emotions or in the romantic love. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the issue, largely unexplored in comparative law, of the enforcement of constitutional court decisions. Through the study of four constitutional justice systems (Austria, Germany, Spain, and Italy), the paper attempts to answer numerous questions that arise when dealing with such an unusual topic in the study of constitutional justice: is there a general demand for the enforcement of the decisions of constitutional courts? If there are rules on the matter, how do they differ? What are the reasons for the differences in the regulations? Does the enforcement in constitutional proceedings differ from the model established by common procedural law? In an attempt to answer to these questions, the article analyzes the bodies involved in constitutional enforcement, the different ways in which enforcement is regulated and, finally, by systematizing the analysis carried out for each legal system, it identifies models of enforcement in the European constitutional procedural law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last century of archaeological exploration has brought to light many late antique villae (mid-3rd - early-5th centuries CE), and much has been made of the ways these sites visually reinforce the increasingly fraught patron-client relations that characterize the late antique world in scholarship. My paper challenges these assumptions, using material evidence to illustrate a more complex, symbiotic relationship between late antique villae and the rus. The late Roman countryside was stratified, but to presume an especially oppressive relationship between estates and rural populations is to perpetuate synthesis of this period as synonymous with decline, and to disregard more nuanced evidence in the archaeological record. I discuss cult structures on three estates in the Ebro River Valley in ancient Tarraconensis (Spain) to argue that villae courted and catered to sub-elite rural population groups, who were themselves receptive to such offerings. By highlighting these interdependencies, this paper aims to bring greater contour to our understanding of the mechanisms animating the provincial countryside in late antiquity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, there is a lack in academic research about bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process. This paper analyzes the main problems about health-disease for bisexual people with a Social Medicine and a Collective Health approach. In order to do this analysis, this paper offers a systematization of research's discoveries related to the Health-Disease-Attention process in bisexual people. Problems on health-disease for bisexual people include worse mental health conditions in comparison to gay and lesbian people. As psychologists have few contextualized knowledge about bisexual health-disease situations, then they cannot adequately respond to bisexual people needs. Bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process is an historical and social product where the lack of visibility and the negative valuation functions as mechanisms to regulate people's sexuality, which can be reproduced in Health-Attention places, such as Mental Health ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To effectively address the grand challenges of our time, we cannot simply tinker around the edges by fixing market failures. We must actively shape markets to deliver on the objective of generating more sustainable and inclusive growth. This paper argues that an objective-oriented economy requires a market-shaping approach; one that accompanies the concept of the public good with the common good framing that is needed to design the interface for this collaboration. This is about structuring the conditions and governance mechanisms that shape the capabilities, tools, institutions, and partnerships needed to take concrete action. Building collective intelligence into these dimensions ex-ante is essential for maximising public value for all actors involved. This paper sets out how a market-shaping and common good framing can be conceptualised and brought together. Importantly, missions can be used to orient and coordinate policies, institutions, innovation, and investments around clear, ambitious, and measurable goals. Further, this paper addresses the implications for key global challenges, from climate change to pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexico occupies first place in mining exploration in Latin America, a situation that has caused alarm among native peoples because the implementation of extractive projects threatens their vital space. The objective of this paper is to analyze the actions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the Ixtaca Project in Ixtacamaxtitlán, Puebla, as well as the strategies of territorial defense undertaken by the communities to stop its expansion. Data was gathered through one survey, one workshop and various interviews conducted in three communities a!ected by the project. Results discuss three actions of CSR: 1) job o!ers; 2) investment in community infrastructure; 3) support for social events. Three main defense strategies were identified: 1) collective agreements refusing to sell water to the company; 2) legal litigations in favor of the right to be consulted as native peoples; 3) the strengthening of peasant agriculture thanks to the defense of the ejido, the conservation of irrigation water and the support received from the federal program Sembrando Vida. The paper concludes that, despite the negative impacts of RCS actions, these strategies have proven e!ective because mining concessions have been cancelled and some families have returned to agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses another form of scandal, namely pretence, imposture, transvestism, based on the analysis of the case of Ana María Antonia de Soto -- or Sotomayor, or Soto y Alhama, for she used different surnames -- who served for five years as a marine under Charles IV. When discovered, cases like this were deemed scandalous, for they represented a kind of transgression - even if they were more common than might be supposed. While her figure has been somehow popularised by recent research and literary works, two questions remain unanswered and will be here addressed, for they provide further knowledge about the case. The first one refers to the conceptual, historical, and socio-cultural contexts behind her experience, for they are fundamental for an adequate understanding of her case. The second refers to the reasons why she could act as she did, and also to what her life after being exposed as a woman reveals. Both questions are particularly relevant to understand her process, and represent the main research aims of this paper, which will inevitably include some biographical notes as well. For this it will combine ecclesiastical, notarial, and municipal sources, as well as secondary literature, using a qualitative and comparative approach, in order to show that her behaviour was in line with a relatively well-defined model present in Europe at the time; and also how her family context, her education, and the experience of her sexual identity contributed to maintaining her disguise as a man for years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the notion of scandal and how scandal developed in real life from the perspective of the family. It explores the link between scandal and family conflict. Widows are taken as a reference of this particular realm of conflict. The paper considers cases in which they are at the origin of the conflict or they are involved in it, and analyses their behaviour, their agency, and their relationships in order to understand how scandals broke into the public arena, as well as their final stages, which coincided with material and symbolic ruptures in the family. In order to carry out this study, we have mainly used sources that illuminate widows both confronting situations of material rupture or family abandonment in the face of the scandal, as well as enduring symbolic rupture and litigation within the family. The work underlines how scandal was linked to conflict within families, whether patrimonial, economic or affective. It shows how it began within the household, how it developed, and how, rather than being hidden, was rather instrumentalised for specific purposes and interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies female transgressions persecuted by ecclesiastical authorities at the end of the Ancient Regime in the region of Vila Real, in the Portuguese province of Trás-os-Montes, using as the main source of information the wealth of documents from the so-called «Visitas e Devassas» of the archbishopric of Braga. By systematically analyzing 8,395 accusations registered in the books between 1760 and 1818, a quantitative analysis is made in order to understand the intensity of the persecution of sins by the ecclesiastical authorities, its temporal evolution, the typology of the crimes committed, and their relationship with the marital status of the offenders. The paper attempts to relate these behaviours to the economic, social, and cultural structures of an eminently rural territory, and undertakes a comparative analysis with other Portuguese territories already studied. The information obtained points to a greater rigour in the surveillance of female deviance in comparison to male deviance and the preponderance of sins linked to sexual morality, especially concubinage, in which the prominence of unmarried women stands out. Likewise, the continuing importance of these transgressions at the end of the period shows the limitations of the disciplinary efforts in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermediaries are professionals who enable the effective right of access to justice for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, ensuring principles of equity, participation, accessibility and self-determination for them. This paper analyzes the presence and formative background of this figure from an international comparative perspective. Nowadays, we can find these professionals in the international law across different countries: some Nordic countries, United Kingdom, Israel, Azerbaijan, Taiwan, South Africa, Kenya, Canada, part of the USA, Mexico and Chile, Australia and New Zealand. In Spain, intermediaries are considered in the latest reform of the civil and procedural legislation (Law 8/2021, June the 2nd). This paper analyzes the formative background of this figure from an international comparative perspective. We find both formal and non-formal education in the background of these professionals. There is no doubt their profile must adjust to the needs of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and the contexts that require the facilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shore line is the limit that separates the public water domain from the property of individuals, the criterion for its delimitation is stated by law, both in Argentina and in other countries of the world. But its practical analysis remains a matter of current discussion. In this paper, a geomorphological interpretation of the established criterion is proposed as well as a methodology for its delimitation. To achieve this, different international, national, provincial and papers on shore line works were analyzed, which allowed to establish a criterion adjusted to the natural form of the channel and to cartographically define the shore line by using products of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). If the waterfront is delimited on the basis of natural facts, its indubitable mark on the ground will be close to what actually belongs to the public water domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the effects of open innovation (OI), organizational strategy and the existence of a corporate risk management (CRM) strategy on competitive advantage (CA) in cost, service and product in the Portuguese hotel sector. This paper uses a survey over 251 CEOs of Portuguese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) hotels and applies two complementary statistical methods: partial least squares regression and quantile regression. It can be stated that both OI and the degree of dynamism and flexibility of the organizational structure and CRM are relevant to explain the different types of competitive advantage. However, the results show that the importance of the incidence of the different explanatory factors considered is different depending on the type of competitive advantage that we are analysing and the relevance of disaggregating those associated with AI (inbound and outbound) and organizational strategy (dynamic of the environment, internal organizational flexibility and innovative strategic position). Thus, the CRM variable is the fundamental variable in the explanation of the competitive advantage in cost, while the incidence of inbound OI is especially relevant in the CA in service and product. Within organizational strategy, the factor that most clearly affects competitive advantage is the strategic position with respect to innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the European Union (EU) response to three conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa region and shines a spotlight on the degree of division among its member states and on the management of these divisions. It concludes that the EU's desire to be seen as an international actor varies according to the confrontation; it is stronger in the Arab-Israeli conflict, but weaker in the Sahara. Domestic protest and politicisation in the EU affect the fragmentation of positions and the frequency of obstructionist stances. The EU manages the divisions differently in each conflict, with strategies that vary according to the level of ambition or the desire to ensure the sides note the existence of a European position. The paper highlights the growing interaction between the different regional flashpoints and makes the case for a systemic and multilevel approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies the interpretative and qualification legal problems posed by the criminalisation of rape offences in Peru by examining the most contemporary case law and specialised literature. Through a teleological and systematic legal interpretation of these offences and applying a gender perspective, preliminary alternative solutions are constructed. The main legal conclusion reached is that, with the incorporation of the modality of "taking advantage of any other environment that prevents the person from giving free consent" in the offence of rape in its basic modality (article 170 of the Criminal Code), the Peruvian legal system has incorporated a model based mainly on the absence of consent for sex offences. This model, in turn, is close to the "yes means yes" approach to consent, based on a conventional, constitutional and teleological interpretation of the wording of the criminal offence. This paper also reaches other important legal conclusions about the criminal offence of rape, such as the feasibility of its coverage of cases of stealthing, the legal viability of its commission by compenetration and not only penetration, by improper omission and without requiring lewd intent in addition to regular intent, among others. Finally, considering these conclusions, articles 171, 172, 173, 174 and 175 of the Peruvian Criminal Code are systematically examined and congruent legal interpretations are proposed. One of the most relevant is the unconstitutionality of the criminal offence of rape by deception (article 175) and the rationale for its redirection to article 170, as the former could be used to argue that deception is not a suitable modality for committing rape against an adult or adolescent victim over the age of 13, preventing the adequate protection of sexual autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenge of the search for victims of enforced disappearance usually includes the recovery of the identity of the remains that are found. This paper highlights the legal dimension of identification and its quality as a decision about the proof of a fact, which can be analyzed with the conceptual tools of the theory of legal evidence. On that basis, it analyzes the question about the applicable standard of proof considering the recent Chilean experience, which shows how positive DNA evidence has tended to consolidate as a sort of golden standard, exclusive and excluding, for the identification of human remains in the case of enforced disappearances. However, that standard of certainty will be often difficult to meet because of deterioration of DNA in the remains samples obtained, because of the scarcity of samples given the practice of massive clandestine exhumations or because of a lack of relatives' samples for comparison. The paper explores the questions that then open up, regarding both the possibility that other forensic evidence may be acceptable as sufficient and the treatment of the unidentified remains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proliferation of digital documents in the internet has given rise to the search for information patterns that allow for the categorization of organizational documents to generate knowledge in a institution. One of the Artificial Intelligence techniques for this purpose is text classification, which for its application uses labels (categorized documents) with supervised (with labels) or unsupervised (without labels) training models. Both traditional models with their advantages and disadvantages have been consolidated into semi-supervised models to extract the best qualities of each one, however, the labeling process involves resources that need to be optimized to improve the classification accuracy. An analysis of the types of semi-supervised models would show the strengths of their training and how the structure of each of them affects the accuracy of their classification. The present study proposes a structure of semi-supervised model in document classification, in order to analyze the qualities of each one in their categorization process, it through a systematic literature review (SLR) that analyzes the performance of the studies to conduct a meta-analysis. Further, the study search strategy was defined by the PICOC method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Context), supported by two research questions and delimited in a search chain that allowed the collection of 332 research studies. These papers were filtered using the PRISMA method and the determination of exclusion criteria, in total 46 papers have been selected for the present study. From this SLR, an organizational structure has been obtained for semi-supervised models and a scheme for the classification process. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of different learning types have been analyzed, evaluating their classification performance in each type of learning through a meta-analysis. This has determined that the models that present the best levels of performance are active learning model (0.88) and ensemble learning model (0.84). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]